Carbon Dioxide Purification System

Abstract

To provide a superior carbon dioxide purification system.SOLUTION: A carbon dioxide purification system to treat an exhaust gas containing a carbon dioxide gas, steam, a carbon monoxide gas and a non-carbon dioxide gas material containing an organic contaminant harmful to a cell comprises: a water-removing unit 1 including at least one dryer 11 to obtain a dry gas mixture containing the carbon dioxide gas, steam having volume concentration of less than 1 ppm, the carbon monoxide gas and the organic contaminant harmful to the cell by reducing steam in the exhaust gas; a plurality of pressure-variable adsorption devices 21 where a first adsorbent and a second adsorbent are filled respectively, the pressure-variable adsorption devices being arranged in series and communicated, where the carbon dioxide gas is purified from the dry gas mixture and a gas product containing the carbon dioxide gas having purity of 99.5% or more is obtained; and a purification unit 2 installed at a downstream side of the water-removing unit 1 and communicated with the water-removing unit 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to gas purification systems, and more particularly to carbon dioxide purification systems. [Background technology]

[0002] When a generator burns fuel to generate electrical energy, exhaust gases containing carbon dioxide are generally produced. If this exhaust gas is released in large quantities without treatment, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will increase, causing adverse effects on the climate around the world. In recent years, with increasing emphasis on environmental protection, many industries have begun to treat exhaust gases containing carbon dioxide from generators, hoping to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emitted and achieve the goal of reducing carbon emissions.

[0003] The treatment of the exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide gas from the above-mentioned power generator includes, for example, separating the carbon dioxide gas from the exhaust gas.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gas, which includes the steps of introducing the combustion exhaust gas through a gas inlet pipe into a pre-purification unit to remove particles in the combustion exhaust gas, introducing the pre-purified combustion exhaust gas through a gas inlet pipe into a compressor to obtain compressed combustion exhaust gas, introducing the compressed combustion exhaust gas through a gas inlet pipe into a purification unit to remove nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and water from the compressed combustion exhaust gas to obtain purified combustion exhaust gas, introducing the purified combustion exhaust gas through a gas inlet pipe into a pressure swing device to obtain a carbon dioxide-rich gas, and introducing the carbon dioxide-rich gas through a gas inlet pipe into a liquefaction unit to liquefy the carbon dioxide-rich gas and remove volatile contaminants by distillation to obtain a carbon dioxide liquid with a purity of 64.41 to 99.16.

[0005] Therefore, it is a common goal in the industry to obtain high-purity carbon dioxide gas from exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide gas emitted when generators burn fuel, thereby expanding the potential applications of the carbon dioxide gas from the exhaust gas and reducing carbon dioxide gas emissions. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Taiwan Patent No. 202397B Publication Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide purification system for obtaining high-purity carbon dioxide gas from exhaust gas. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention provides a carbon dioxide purification system for treating exhaust gases generated from a power generator, the exhaust gases including carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, and non-carbon dioxide gaseous materials, including carbon monoxide gas and biohazardous organic contaminants, the system comprising: a dewatering unit including at least one drying device for reducing water vapor in the exhaust gas from the generator to obtain a dry gas mixture including carbon dioxide gas, water vapor at a volume concentration of less than 1 ppm, carbon monoxide gas, and organic pollutants harmful to living organisms; a purification unit disposed downstream of the water removal unit and in communication with the water removal unit, the purification unit including a plurality of pressure-sliding adsorption devices, each filled with a first adsorbent and a second adsorbent, disposed in series and in communication with each other, for purifying carbon dioxide gas from the dry gas mixture from the water removal unit to obtain a gas product containing carbon dioxide gas with a purity of 99.5% or more; In each of the above-mentioned variable pressure adsorption devices, the first adsorbent has a molecular sieving carbon and a first plating layer coated on a surface of the molecular sieving carbon; the second adsorbent has an aluminosilicate molecular sieve and a second plating layer coated on the surface of the aluminosilicate molecular sieve; The carbon dioxide purification system is characterized in that the packing volume ratio of the first adsorbent to the second adsorbent is about 1:1. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] The carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention is a combination of a water removal unit and a purification unit, in particular, at least one dryer to reduce the water vapor in the flue gas to a volume concentration of less than 1 ppm, and uses a plurality of pressure-sliding adsorption units filled with a first adsorbent that converts carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and a second adsorbent that removes organic pollutants harmful to living organisms. This effectively purifies the flue gas into a gaseous product containing carbon dioxide gas with a purity of 99.5% or more, and the gaseous product can be directly used in cell culture, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing carbon emissions. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a third embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a fifth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a sixth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] In the present description and claims, the term "organism" refers to a living organism having cells, such as an animal, a plant, a fungus, etc. In a particular embodiment, the organism is a human.

[0012] 1, a first embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention is a carbon dioxide purification system for treating exhaust gas generated from a power generator 9. The exhaust gas contains carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, and non-carbon dioxide gas substances.

[0013] The non-carbon dioxide gas substances include carbon monoxide gas and biohazardous organic pollutants.

[0014] The organic pollutants harmful to living organisms include, but are not limited to, dioxin-like compounds.

[0015] The non-carbon dioxide gas substance may be, for example, nitrogen oxide gas (N x O y ), sulfur, halogen compounds, and the like.

[0016] As shown in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide purification system includes a water removal unit 1 and a purification unit 2.

[0017] The water removal unit 1 includes three drying devices 11 connected to each other to reduce water vapor in the exhaust gas from the generator 9 .

[0018] When the exhaust gas is discharged from the generator 9 and enters the water removal unit 1, the exhaust gas passes through three drying devices 11 in sequence, reducing the water vapor in the exhaust gas from the generator 9 and obtaining a dry gas mixture containing carbon dioxide gas, water vapor with a volume concentration of less than 1 ppm, carbon monoxide gas, and organic pollutants that are harmful to living organisms.

[0019] The number of dryers 11 is not limited to three, but may be one, two, or more than three. The number of dryers 11 can be adjusted arbitrarily as long as the water vapor in the exhaust gas can be significantly reduced so that the volume concentration is less than 1 ppm.

[0020] The drying device 11 can be, for example, but not limited to, a heat exchanger, a gas compressor, or a refrigerated condensing dryer.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drying device 11 is selected from a heat exchanger, a gas compressor, or a refrigerated condensing dryer, respectively.

[0022] When the number of drying devices 11 is three or more and includes a combination of a heat exchanger, a gas compressor, and a cooling condensing dryer, they are installed in a specific order from upstream to downstream as shown in FIG. 1: heat exchanger 111, gas compressor 112, and cooling condensing dryer 113.

[0023] More specifically, the heat exchanger 111 receives the exhaust gas from the generator 9, and by lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas, some of the water vapor in the exhaust gas is liquefied into liquid water and discharged, thereby obtaining a first gas mixture containing carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, carbon monoxide gas, and organic pollutants that are harmful to living organisms.

[0024] The gas compressor 112 receives the first gas mixture from the heat exchanger 111, and reduces the temperature and compresses the first gas mixture to liquefy some of the water vapor in the first gas mixture into liquid water and discharges it, thereby obtaining a second gas mixture containing carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, carbon monoxide gas, and organic pollutants that are harmful to living organisms.

[0025] The cooling condensing dryer 113 receives the second gas mixture from the gas compressor 112, and cools the second gas mixture to liquefy some of the water vapor in the second gas mixture into liquid water and discharges it, thereby obtaining a dry gas mixture containing carbon dioxide gas, water vapor at a volumetric concentration of less than 1 ppm, carbon monoxide gas, and organic pollutants that are harmful to living organisms.

[0026] In this first embodiment, by installing the heat exchanger 111 upstream of the gas compressor 112, the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered, preventing the gas compressor 112 from receiving the exhaust gas at a high temperature, thereby protecting the gas compressor 112 and extending its service life. By installing the gas compressor 112 upstream of the cooling condensing dryer 113, the temperature of the first gas mixture is further lowered and sent to the cooling condensing dryer 113 as a second gas mixture with a lower temperature. After the cooling condensing dryer 113 receives the second gas mixture with a lower temperature, the second gas mixture can be cooled to a predetermined temperature more quickly, and the water vapor in the second gas mixture can be condensed into liquid water more efficiently.

[0027] The purification unit 2 is disposed downstream of the water removal unit 1 and is in communication with the water removal unit 1 .

[0028] The purification unit 2 also includes two variable pressure adsorption devices 21, each filled with a first adsorbent and a second adsorbent, installed in series and communicating with each other, for purifying carbon dioxide gas from the dry gas mixture from the water removal unit 1 to obtain a gas product containing carbon dioxide gas with a purity of 99.5% or more.

[0029] The number of the pressure-sliding adsorption apparatuses 21 included in the purification unit 2 is not limited to two, and the number of the pressure-sliding adsorption apparatuses 21 can be adjusted arbitrarily as required.

[0030] In each of the pressure-sliding adsorption units 21, the filling volume ratio of the first adsorbent to the second adsorbent is about 1:1.

[0031] The first adsorbent includes a carbon molecular sieve and a first plating layer coated on the surface of the carbon molecular sieve.

[0032] The carbon molecular sieve can be, for example, but not limited to, a coconut shell-based carbon molecular sieve.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the carbon molecular sieve is a coconut shell-based carbon molecular sieve to increase the total surface area of ​​the carbon molecular sieve in contact with the dry gas mixture and improve the separation effect of carbon dioxide gas.

[0034] The first plating layer may be selected from, for example, a titanium dioxide plating layer, a gold nano-plating layer (a nano-plating layer refers to a plating layer with a thickness on the order of nanometers), or a silver nano-plating layer, but is not limited thereto.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first plating layer is selected from a titanium dioxide plating layer, a gold nano-plating layer, or a silver nano-plating layer.

[0036] The first adsorbent can adsorb carbon monoxide gas in the dry gas mixture and can also act as a catalyst to convert the carbon monoxide gas in the dry gas mixture into carbon dioxide gas, thereby increasing the purity of the carbon dioxide gas.

[0037] In addition, nitrogen oxide gas (N x O y ), the first adsorbent is capable of absorbing nitrogen oxide gas (N x O y ), and also serves as a catalyst to convert nitrogen oxide gas, for example, nitrogen dioxide gas, into nitric oxide gas and oxygen, thereby preventing the nitrogen dioxide gas from being liquefied together with the carbon dioxide gas and affecting the purity of the carbon dioxide in the liquid when the gaseous product containing carbon dioxide gas with a purity of 99.5% or more is subjected to a process, for example, a condensation process.

[0038] The second adsorbent includes an aluminosilicate molecular sieve and a second plating layer coated on the surface of the aluminosilicate molecular sieve.

[0039] The second plating layer may be selected from, for example, a titanium dioxide plating layer, a gold nano-plating layer, or a silver nano-plating layer, but is not limited thereto.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second plating layer is selected from a titanium dioxide plating layer, a gold nano-plating layer, or a silver nano-plating layer.

[0041] The second adsorbent can adsorb organic pollutants (e.g., dioxin-like compounds) that are harmful to living organisms in the dry gas mixture, and also acts as a catalyst to crack the organic pollutants that are harmful to living organisms in the dry gas mixture, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively removing organic pollutants that are harmful to cells in the dry gas mixture.

[0042] In addition, when the non-carbon dioxide gaseous substances include sulfur and halogen compounds, the second adsorbent can also adsorb the sulfur and halogen compounds in the dry gas mixture, thereby more effectively removing the non-carbon dioxide gaseous substances in the dry gas mixture.

[0043] In order to effectively remove the non-carbon dioxide gas substances in the dry gas mixture and obtain high-purity carbon dioxide gas from the dry gas mixture, in the present invention, the filling volume ratio of the first adsorbent to the second adsorbent in each pressure-shift adsorption unit 21 is controlled to about 1:1.

[0044] In the first embodiment of the present invention, a combination of a plurality of drying devices 11 (i.e., a heat exchanger 111, a gas compressor 112, and a cooling condensing dryer 113 installed in sequence) and a plurality of pressure-sliding adsorption devices 21 filled with the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent is used to pass the exhaust gas from the generator 9 through the plurality of drying devices 11 in sequence to remove a large amount of water vapor, thereby improving the efficiency with which the pressure-sliding adsorption devices 21 purify carbon dioxide gas from the dried gas mixture, and enabling the production of a gas product containing carbon dioxide gas with a purity of 99.5% or more.

[0045] Furthermore, since the purity of the carbon dioxide gas in the gas product has reached a level at which cells can be cultured (i.e., the purity of the carbon dioxide gas is 99.5% or more), the gas product containing carbon dioxide gas with a purity of 99.5% or more can be directly fed into a cell culture manufacturing system and used as a gas for cell culture.

[0046] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention can purify high-purity carbon dioxide gas from exhaust gas and directly apply the high-purity carbon dioxide gas to cell cultivation, thereby achieving the goal of reducing carbon emissions, and thus has the advantage of being environmentally friendly.

[0047] The second embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, and therefore, a description of the same configuration as the first embodiment will be omitted here, and only the differences from the first embodiment will be described.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 2, the second embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention further includes two purification units 2 each in communication with the water removal unit 1 .

[0049] Furthermore, when there are a plurality of purification units 2, the number is not limited to two and can be adjusted arbitrarily as needed.

[0050] The third embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, and therefore, a description of the same configuration as the first embodiment will be omitted here, and differences from the first embodiment will be described.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 3, the third embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention further includes a reactivation unit 3 in communication with the purification unit 2, which reactivates the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent.

[0052] The reactivation unit 3 includes a rotary vane pump 31 and a roots pump 32 connected to the rotary vane pump 31 .

[0053] Rotary vane pump 31 reduces the pressure in each pressure swing adsorber 21 from 760 torr to 1 torr.

[0054] A Roots pump 32 is used as a backing pump to further reduce the pressure in each pressure swing adsorber 21 from 1 torr to 0.001 torr.

[0055] Specifically, the reactivation unit 3 uses a combination of a rotary vane pump 31 and a Roots pump 32 to reduce the pressure in each pressure-shift adsorption device 21, thereby causing the non-carbon dioxide gas substances adsorbed in the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent to fall off from the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent. The reactivation unit 3 then receives the non-carbon dioxide gas substances from each pressure-shift adsorption device 21 and discharges them to a subsequent treatment device for treatment, thereby achieving the purpose of reactivating the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent.

[0056] The fourth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, and therefore, a description of the same configuration as the first embodiment will be omitted here, and only the differences from the first embodiment will be described.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 4, the fourth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention further includes a measurement unit 4 connected to the purification unit 2 for measuring the purity of the carbon dioxide gas present in the purification unit 2.

[0058] Specifically, the measurement unit 4 receives the purified gas mixture containing carbon dioxide gas being transported between each pressure-variable adsorption device 21 or the gas product containing carbon dioxide gas from the purification unit 2, and measures the purity of the carbon dioxide gas in the gas mixture or the gas product to confirm that the purity of the carbon dioxide gas in the gas product is 99.5% or more.

[0059] The measurement unit 4 is, for example, a mass spectrometer, but is not limited to this.

[0060] The fifth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, and therefore, a description of the same configuration as the first embodiment will be omitted here, and only the differences from the first embodiment will be described.

[0061] 5, the fifth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention further includes a liquefaction processing unit 5 located downstream of the purification unit 2. The liquefaction processing unit 5 receives the gaseous product containing carbon dioxide gas from the purification unit 2 and liquefies the carbon dioxide gas in the gaseous product into carbon dioxide liquid. The liquefaction processing unit 5 can include, for example, but is not limited to, a cryogenic refrigerator (e.g., a cryogenic refrigerator with model number Cryochiller 3600 manufactured by Telemark Corporation, USA) and an air compressor (e.g., an air compressor with model number SKR-04C manufactured by TONG CHENG IRON WORKS CO., LTD., Taiwan) to liquefy the carbon dioxide gas into carbon dioxide liquid through cooling and pressurization.

[0062] The liquefaction processing unit 5 can liquefy and store carbon dioxide gas into carbon dioxide liquid, thereby increasing the amount of carbon dioxide that can be stored in a single storage device, and the carbon dioxide liquid can be further used to purify carbon dioxide gas.

[0063] The sixth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, and therefore, a description of the same configuration as the first embodiment will be omitted here, and only the differences from the first embodiment will be described.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 6, the sixth embodiment of the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention further includes a solidification treatment unit 6 installed downstream of the purification unit 2.

[0065] The solidification processing unit 6 receives the gaseous product containing carbon dioxide gas from the purification unit 2 and solidifies the carbon dioxide gas in the gaseous product into solid carbon dioxide. The solidification processing unit 6 can include, for example, but is not limited to, the above-mentioned low-temperature cooling device and air compressor to solidify the carbon dioxide gas into solid carbon dioxide through cooling and pressurization.

[0066] The solidification processing unit 6 can solidify the carbon dioxide gas into carbon dioxide solid (ie, dry ice) for other applications or industries.

[0067] According to the above, the carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention can effectively purify the gas product containing carbon dioxide gas with a purity of 99.5% or more from the flue gas by combining the water removal unit 1 and the purification unit 2, particularly by reducing the volumetric concentration of water vapor in the flue gas to less than 1 ppm in each dryer 11, and by using the pressure-variable adsorption unit 21 filled with the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent.

[0068] Furthermore, since the purity of the carbon dioxide gas in the gaseous product has reached a level suitable for cell culture, the gaseous product can be directly used in cell culture, reducing carbon emissions and achieving the object of the present invention.

[0069] Although the embodiments and variations of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these and encompasses all modifications and equivalent configurations as various configurations falling within the spirit and scope of the broadest interpretation. [Industrial Applicability]

[0070] The carbon dioxide purification system of the present invention can be applied to purify carbon dioxide in exhaust gas. [Explanation of symbols]

[0071] 1 Water removal unit 11 Drying equipment 111 Heat exchanger 112 Gas Compressor 113 Cooling condensing dryer 2 Purification Unit 21 Variable pressure adsorption device 3. Reactivation Unit 31 Rotary vane pump 32 Roots Pump 4 Measuring Unit 5 Liquefaction Processing Unit 6. Solidification treatment unit 9. Generator

Claims

1. 1. A carbon dioxide purification system for treating exhaust gas from a generator, the exhaust gas including carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, and non-carbon dioxide gaseous substances including carbon monoxide gas and organic pollutants harmful to human beings, comprising: A water removal unit including at least one drying device for reducing water vapor in the exhaust gas from the generator to obtain a dry gas mixture including carbon dioxide gas, water vapor having a volume concentration of less than 1 ppm, carbon monoxide gas, and organic contaminants harmful to living organisms; a purification unit including a plurality of pressure swing adsorption devices, each of which is filled with a first adsorbent and a second adsorbent, arranged in series and in communication with each other, downstream of the water removal unit and in communication with the water removal unit, for purifying carbon dioxide gas from the dry gas mixture from the water removal unit to obtain a gas product containing carbon dioxide gas having a purity of 99.5% or more; In each of the above pressure-variable adsorption devices, The first adsorbent has a molecular sieving carbon and a first plating layer covering a surface of the molecular sieving carbon, the second adsorbent has an aluminosilicate molecular sieve and a second plating layer coating a surface of the aluminosilicate molecular sieve; A carbon dioxide purification system, wherein a filling volume ratio of the first adsorbent to the second adsorbent is approximately 1:

1.

2. 2. The carbon dioxide purification system of claim 1, wherein the at least one drying device is selected from a heat exchanger, a gas compressor, or a refrigerating condensing dryer.

3. The water removal unit includes three drying devices connected to each other, 3. The carbon dioxide purification system according to claim 2, wherein the three drying devices are installed in the following order from upstream to downstream: a heat exchanger, a gas compressor, and a cooling and condensing dryer.

4. 2. The carbon dioxide purification system according to claim 1, wherein the first plating layer is selected from a titanium dioxide plating layer, a gold nano-plating layer, and a silver nano-plating layer.

5. 2. The carbon dioxide purification system according to claim 1, wherein the second plating layer is selected from a titanium dioxide plating layer, a gold nano-plating layer, or a silver nano-plating layer.

6. 2. The carbon dioxide purification system according to claim 1, further comprising a reactivation unit in communication with the purification unit for reactivating the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent.

7. 7. The carbon dioxide purification system of claim 6, wherein the reactivation unit includes a rotor pump and a Roots pump connected to the rotor pump.

8. 2. The carbon dioxide purification system according to claim 1, further comprising a liquefaction processing unit disposed downstream of the purification unit, receiving a gas product containing carbon dioxide gas from the purification unit, and liquefying the carbon dioxide gas in the gas product into carbon dioxide liquid.

9. 2. The carbon dioxide purification system according to claim 1, further comprising a solidification processing unit disposed downstream of the purification unit, receiving a gas product containing carbon dioxide gas from the purification unit, and solidifying the carbon dioxide gas in the gas product into carbon dioxide solid.

10. 2. The carbon dioxide purification system of claim 1, further comprising a measurement unit connected to the purification unit for measuring the purity of the carbon dioxide gas present in the purification unit.

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