Battery capacity management system, battery capacity management method, and battery capacity management program

Abstract

To appropriately manage the capacity of a storage battery in which a part of the capacity is secured as a backup power source and the remaining capacity is arbitrarily charged and discharged.SOLUTION: A storage battery capacity management system includes a storage unit 5 that stores float life characteristics and cycle life characteristics of a storage battery, and an information processing unit 6 that estimates the soundness of the storage battery 101 as the float soundness on the basis of the period of use and the float life characteristics of the storage battery 101 to be managed, estimates the soundness of the storage battery 101 as the cycle soundness on the basis of the accumulated charge / discharge electricity amount and the cycle life characteristics of the storage battery 101 during the period of the use, sets the lower one of the float soundness and the cycle soundness as the actual soundness of the storage battery 101, and estimates the current capacity of the storage battery 101 on the basis of the rated capacity and the actual soundness of the storage battery 101.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery capacity management system, a battery capacity management method, and a battery capacity management program that estimate and manage the capacity of a storage battery that is also used as a backup power source. [Background technology]

[0002] When using a storage battery as a backup power source or as a driving source for a vehicle, it is important to properly understand the deterioration level and capacity of the storage battery. In other words, if the storage battery is used as if it maintains the proper capacity and characteristics without understanding the deterioration level and capacity of the storage battery, it may not be able to discharge (supply power) for the desired time, resulting in a situation where the battery cannot be properly backed up or the vehicle cannot be driven.

[0003] For this reason, for example, a deterioration level determination device for a storage battery that can accurately determine the deterioration of a storage battery used in a vehicle is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This deterioration level determination device integrates the charging current and discharging current, respectively, calculates the average temperature of the storage battery, predicts the accumulated discharge amount until the end of the storage battery's life based on the average temperature and the charge / discharge balance obtained by dividing the accumulated charging current amount by the accumulated discharging current amount, and calculates the deterioration level of the storage battery based on the ratio of the accumulated discharging current amount to the predicted accumulated discharge amount. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2006-10601 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Incidentally, in communication buildings (including base stations) that house communication equipment, storage batteries are installed as backup power sources in the event of a commercial power outage. These storage batteries discharge and supply power only when the commercial power supply is out of service, and are left in a float charge state without discharging during normal times. However, installing large-capacity storage batteries only for power outages and not using or discharging them during normal times is a waste of equipment, and there has been a demand for efficient use of storage batteries.

[0006] Therefore, it is being considered to utilize the storage battery by charging and discharging it cyclically (optionally) while ensuring its role as a backup power source necessary during a power outage. That is, it is being considered to secure a part of the capacity of the storage battery as a backup power source and discharge only the remaining capacity cyclically (for example, during a time period when the power supply from the power plant tends to be insufficient). In such an operation, a part of the storage battery is used in a float mode and the remaining part is used in a cycle mode, so that the deterioration factors and modes of the storage battery are considered to be different from conventional ones. Therefore, for example, a device such as that in Patent Document 1 for determining the deterioration degree of a storage battery that is only used in a cycle mode cannot properly determine the deterioration degree and capacity of the storage battery.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery capacity management system, a battery capacity management method, and a battery capacity management program that enable appropriate management of the capacity of a battery, part of which is reserved as a backup power source while the remaining capacity is charged and discharged arbitrarily. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is a storage battery capacity management system that manages the capacity of a storage battery, part of whose capacity is used as a backup power source and the remaining capacity is arbitrarily charged and discharged, and includes a storage unit that stores a float life characteristic that indicates the relationship between the period at a standard temperature and the health of the storage battery, and a cycle life characteristic that indicates the relationship between an integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity and the health of the storage battery, and a storage unit that converts the usage period of a storage battery to a period at a standard temperature based on the temperature during the usage period, and calculates a pre-determined value based on the period and the float life characteristic. and an information processing unit that estimates the health of the storage battery under management as a float health, calculates an integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity of the storage battery under management during the usage period, estimates the health of the storage battery under management as a cycle health based on the integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity and the cycle life characteristic, sets the lower of the float health and the cycle health as an actual health of the storage battery under management, and estimates a current capacity of the storage battery under management based on a rated capacity and the actual health of the storage battery under management. Here, in this invention, the integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity includes an integrated charge quantity of electricity, an integrated discharge quantity of electricity, and an integrated combined charge / discharge quantity of electricity obtained by adding together the integrated charge quantity of electricity and the integrated discharge quantity of electricity.

[0009] The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the battery capacity management system described in claim 1, the information processing unit calculates the current capacity by multiplying the rated capacity of the managed battery by the actual health degree, and updates the current capacity by subtracting the subsequent discharged amount of electricity from the current capacity and adding the charged amount of electricity to the current capacity.

[0010] The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the battery capacity management system described in claim 2, the information processing unit calculates the current capacity based on the actual health level at a predetermined period, and updates the current capacity at the predetermined period.

[0011] The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the storage battery capacity management system described in claims 1 to 3, the information processing unit calculates a remaining dischargeable capacity by subtracting the backup power supply capacity from the current capacity, and calculates a dischargeable time based on the load current when the storage battery under management is arbitrarily discharged and the remaining dischargeable capacity.

[0012] The invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that, in the storage battery capacity management system described in claim 4, the information processing unit stops the discharging of the storage battery under management when the dischargeable time has elapsed since the storage battery under management was arbitrarily discharged.

[0013] The invention described in claim 6 is a storage battery capacity management method for managing the capacity of a storage battery, part of which is used as a backup power supply capacity and the remaining capacity is arbitrarily charged and discharged, comprising: The computer The float life characteristic showing the relationship between the period at standard temperature and the health of the storage battery, and the cycle life characteristic showing the relationship between the integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity and the health of the storage battery are stored, and the management a period of use of the target storage battery is converted into a period at standard temperature based on a temperature during the period of use of the target storage battery, a health degree of the managed storage battery is estimated as a float health degree based on the period and the float life characteristic, an integrated charge / discharge electrical quantity of the managed storage battery during the period of use is calculated, and a health degree of the managed storage battery is estimated as a cycle health degree based on the integrated charge / discharge electrical quantity and the cycle life characteristic, the lower of the float health degree and the cycle health degree is set as an actual health degree of the managed storage battery, and a current capacity of the managed storage battery is estimated based on a rated capacity of the managed storage battery and the actual health degree.

[0014] The invention described in claim 7 is the storage battery capacity management method described in claim 6, The computer, The present capacity is calculated by multiplying the rated capacity of the storage battery to be managed by the actual health degree, and the present capacity is updated by subtracting the amount of electricity discharged thereafter from the present capacity and adding the amount of electricity charged thereto.

[0015] The invention described in claim 8 is a storage battery capacity management program for managing the capacity of a storage battery, part of which is used as a backup power supply capacity and the remaining capacity is arbitrarily charged and discharged, comprising a computer, a storage means for storing a float life characteristic indicating the relationship between a period at a standard temperature and a health state of the storage battery, and a cycle life characteristic indicating the relationship between an integrated amount of charge and discharge electricity and a health state of the storage battery, and a storage means for converting a usage period of a storage battery to a period at a standard temperature based on a temperature during the usage period of the storage battery to be managed, and converting the usage period to a period at a standard temperature based on the period and the float life characteristic. The present invention is characterized in that the information processing means functions as an information processing means that estimates the health of a target storage battery as a float health, calculates an accumulated charge / discharge electrical amount of the managed storage battery during the usage period, estimates the health of the managed storage battery as a cycle health based on the accumulated charge / discharge electrical amount and the cycle life characteristics, sets the lower of the float health and the cycle health as the actual health of the managed storage battery, and estimates the current capacity of the managed storage battery based on the rated capacity and the actual health of the managed storage battery.

[0016] The invention according to claim 9 provides the storage battery capacity management program according to claim 8, further comprising: means The present capacity is calculated by multiplying the rated capacity of the storage battery to be managed by the actual health degree, and the present capacity is updated by subtracting the amount of electricity discharged thereafter from the present capacity and adding the amount of electricity charged thereto. Effect of the Invention

[0017] According to the inventions described in claims 1, 6 and 8, the float health degree, i.e., the health degree for float use, is estimated based on the usage period of the storage battery to be managed, and the cycle health degree, i.e., the health degree for cycle use, is estimated based on the integrated charge / discharge electricity amount of the storage battery to be managed. The lower of the float health degree and the cycle health degree is set as the actual health degree of the storage battery to be managed, and the current capacity of the storage battery to be managed is estimated based on this actual health degree.

[0018] In this way, the actual health of the storage battery to be managed is estimated by taking into account both float use and cycle use, and the current capacity is estimated. Therefore, it is possible to properly estimate and manage the current capacity of a storage battery in which a part of the capacity is used as a backup power source, that is, float use, and the remaining capacity is arbitrarily charged and discharged for cycle use. Moreover, since the lower of the float health and cycle health is set as the actual health, the lower limit of the current capacity is estimated, and it is possible to safely and appropriately use the storage battery as a backup power source or for cycle use. For example, it is possible to prevent excessive arbitrary and cyclic discharge, which makes it impossible to secure the capacity for the backup power source.

[0019] According to the inventions of claims 2, 7 and 9, the rated capacity of the storage battery is multiplied by the actual health degree to calculate the current capacity, and the current capacity is updated by subtracting the discharged amount of electricity thereafter or adding the charged amount of electricity thereto. That is, the current capacity is first calculated based on the actual health degree considering both float use and cycle use, and then the current capacity is updated by adding or subtracting the charged / discharged amount of electricity in accordance with the actual charging and discharging. This makes it possible to appropriately estimate and manage the current capacity by considering the deterioration due to both float use and cycle use and the actual charging and discharging.

[0020] According to the invention described in claim 3, the current capacity is calculated based on the actual health degree at a predetermined cycle, and the amount of electricity charged and discharged by charging and discharging is adjusted during a predetermined cycle to update the current capacity. That is, the current capacity is calculated periodically taking into account the actual health degree and deterioration degree due to both float use and cycle use, and the amount of electricity charged and discharged by the actual charging and discharging is adjusted until the current capacity is next calculated based on the actual health degree. Therefore, it is possible to more appropriately estimate and manage the current capacity by periodically taking into account the deterioration due to both float use and cycle use, and then taking into account the actual charging and discharging.

[0021] According to the invention described in claim 4, the remaining dischargeable capacity is calculated by subtracting the backup power capacity from the current capacity, and the dischargeable time is calculated based on this remaining dischargeable capacity and the load current. In other words, after ensuring the backup power capacity, it is calculated how many hours the battery can be discharged for the load current, so that the battery can be effectively used by discharging it voluntarily and daily without excess or deficiency while still fulfilling its role as a backup power source.

[0022] According to the invention described in claim 5, when the dischargeable time has elapsed since the storage battery was discharged, discharging is stopped, so that the capacity for backup power supply can be reliably secured and the storage battery can reliably fulfill its role as a backup power supply. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an application example of a storage battery capacity management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a float life characteristic (a) and a cycle life characteristic (b) stored in a storage unit of the storage battery capacity management system of FIG. [Diagram 3] 2 is a diagram showing a capacity-temperature characteristic stored in a storage unit of the storage battery capacity management system of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] 2 is a flowchart of a charge failure cell management task (a) and a discharge failure cell management task (b) performed by an information processing unit of the battery capacity management system of FIG. 1. [Diagram 5] 13 is a flowchart of a SOH calculation task performed by an information processing unit of the battery capacity management system of FIG. 1. [Figure 6] 13 is a flowchart of a SOH initial value setting task performed by an information processing unit of the battery capacity management system of FIG. 1. [Figure 7] 2 is a flowchart of an FSOH calculation task (a) and a CSOH calculation task (b) performed by an information processing unit of the battery capacity management system of FIG. 1. [Figure 8]13 is a flowchart of a current capacity calculation task performed by an information processing unit of the battery capacity management system of FIG. 1. [Figure 9] 13 is a flowchart of a discharge start task by an information processing unit of the battery capacity management system of FIG. 1. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another application example of the storage battery capacity management system according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0024] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiment.

[0025] 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the installation and application of a storage battery capacity management system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This storage battery capacity management system 1 is a system that manages the capacity of a storage battery 101, part of whose capacity is used as a backup power source and whose remaining capacity is arbitrarily and cyclically charged and discharged. In this embodiment, a case will be described in which the storage battery 101 to be managed is connected to a rectifier 110.

[0026] That is, the storage battery 101 is a backup power supply that discharges and supplies power to a load device such as a communication device 112 when the commercial power supply 111 fails, and is configured as a battery pack in which a plurality of cells (unit batteries / secondary batteries) 102 (for example, 23 cells) are connected in series. Each cell 102 may be any type of battery, and examples of such batteries include a valve-regulated lead-acid battery and a lithium-ion secondary battery. The rated capacity (kWh·Ah) of the storage battery 101 when fully charged is set with a margin so that backup power can be supplied to the communication device 112 for more than the backup time. That is, in addition to the backup power supply capacity sufficient for backup power supply for the backup time, the rated capacity is set so that the remaining capacity can be discharged (partially discharged) at will.

[0027] Such a storage battery 101 is connected to a rectifier 110, and AC power from a commercial power source 111 is converted to DC by the rectifier 110 and supplied to the storage battery 101, thereby charging the storage battery 101. Furthermore, a communication device 112 is connected to the rectifier 110, and DC power is similarly supplied to the communication device 112, so that when the commercial power source 111 experiences a power outage, DC power is supplied from the storage battery 101 to the communication device 112 without momentary interruption.

[0028] In this embodiment, the remaining capacity of the storage battery 101 excluding the capacity for backup power supply is discharged to the communication device 112 on a daily basis (for example, during a time period when the power supply from the power plant tends to be insufficient), and further, when the commercial power source 111 experiences a power outage, the storage battery 101 discharges to the communication device 112. In other words, a case will be described in which the load to be backed up and the load to be discharged voluntarily and daily are the same communication device 112. However, the load to be backed up and the load to be discharged voluntarily and daily may be different loads.

[0029] The battery capacity management system 1 mainly includes a measuring unit 2, a control unit 3, a communication unit 4, a storage unit 5, and an information processing unit 6.

[0030] The measuring instrument unit 2 is a group of measuring instruments that measure the charge / discharge current, voltage, and temperature of the storage battery 101. Specifically, the measuring instrument unit 2 includes measuring instruments that sequentially and in real time measure the discharge current value from the storage battery 101, the charge current value to the storage battery 101, the voltage of each cell 102, the voltage of the storage battery 101 as a battery pack, and the temperature of the storage battery 101.

[0031] The control unit 3 is a control device that controls various devices, and in this embodiment, it mainly controls the rectifier 110. That is, it controls the output and stop of power from the rectifier 110 to the storage battery 101 and the communication device 112. The communication unit 4 is an interface for communicating with the outside, and for example, communicates with a management center that centrally monitors and manages many storage batteries 101, transmits alarms (described later) to the management center, and receives commands from the management center.

[0032] Here, in this embodiment, a case will be described in which one storage battery capacity management system 1 is provided for one set of storage batteries 101, but the storage battery capacity management system 1 may be provided for multiple sets of storage batteries 101. For example, the measuring device unit 2, the control unit 3, and the communication unit 4 may be provided in each storage battery 101, and the memory unit 5 and the information processing unit 6 may be provided in a management center or the like, and the capacity of each storage battery 101 may be centrally estimated and managed and each rectifier 110 may be controlled based on the measurement values ​​measured in each storage battery 101 at the management center or the like.

[0033] The memory unit 5 is a storage device that stores various information and data, and stores battery specifications including the rated capacity of the storage battery 101 to be managed, the rated load current and backup time of the communication device 112, various measurement values ​​measured by the measuring instrument unit 2, and the accumulated charged electric quantity (Ah) described later, as well as characteristic data related to the storage battery in general. Specifically, first, as shown in Fig. 2(a), a float life characteristic indicating the relationship between the period at a standard temperature (e.g., 25°C) and the state of health (FSOH: Float State Of Health) of the storage battery is stored. In other words, a curve indicating how the state of health (%) of the storage battery changes depending on the period and months of use of the storage battery at the standard temperature is stored.

[0034] Secondly, as shown in FIG. 2(b), cycle life characteristics showing the relationship between the accumulated charge quantity and the cycle state of health (CSOH) of the storage battery are stored. That is, a curve showing how the state of health of the storage battery changes according to the total charge quantity of the storage battery is stored. Here, in this invention, the accumulated charge and discharge quantity of electricity includes the accumulated charge quantity of electricity, the accumulated discharge quantity of electricity, and the accumulated combined charge and discharge quantity of electricity obtained by adding up both the accumulated charge quantity of electricity and the accumulated discharge quantity of electricity. In this embodiment, the relationship between the accumulated charge quantity of electricity and CSOH is stored, but the relationship between the accumulated charge and discharge quantity of electricity and CSOH or the relationship between the accumulated discharge quantity of electricity and CSOH may be stored, and the accumulated charge and discharge quantity of electricity or the accumulated discharge quantity of electricity may be calculated in a CSOH calculation task 66 described later to estimate CSOH.

[0035] Thirdly, as shown in FIG. 3, the capacity-temperature characteristic showing the relationship between the temperature (ambient temperature) of the storage battery and the actual capacity (discharge capacity rate) of the storage battery is stored. In other words, a curve showing how the actual capacity and discharge capacity rate of the storage battery change according to the ambient temperature is stored. At this time, a curve for each discharge rate and discharge current of the storage battery is stored. Here, the "0.1C 10A " indicates that the discharge current is the rated capacity multiplied by 0.1 when the rated capacity of the storage battery is specified at a 10-hour discharge rate, and "0.27C 10A " indicates that the discharge current is the rated capacity multiplied by 0.27 when the rated capacity of the storage battery is specified at a 10-hour discharge rate. 10A ", "1C 10A " and "3C 10A The same applies to ".

[0036] When characteristics differ for different kinds / types and capacities of storage batteries, such characteristic data is stored for each kind / type and capacity of the storage battery.

[0037] The information processing unit 6 is a group of software programs that estimate the float health, which indicates the health and deterioration of the managed storage battery 101 due to float use, and the cycle health, which indicates the health and deterioration due to cycle use, set the actual health of the managed storage battery 101 to estimate the current capacity, and calculate the dischargeable time for optional and daily discharge after securing capacity for backup power supply, and mainly includes a charging failure cell management task 61, a discharging failure cell management task 62, an SOH calculation task 63, an SOH initial value setting task 64, an FSOH calculation task 65, a CSOH calculation task 66, a current capacity calculation task 67, and a discharge start task 68.

[0038] The faulty charging cell management task 61 is a task program that is started while the storage battery 101 is being charged, and detects a faulty charging cell 102. First, as shown in FIG. 4(a), the SOC (State Of Charge) of the entire storage battery 101 during charging is calculated based on the charging current (step S11), and if the SOC is less than 100% (if "No" in step S12), the calculation of the SOC is repeated. On the other hand, if the SOC is 100% or more (if "Yes" in step S12), the voltage of each cell 102 is measured and inspected (step S13), and if there is a cell 102 whose voltage is less than a specified voltage (e.g., 2.1V) (if "Yes" in step S14), this cell 102 is detected as a faulty charging cell, and faulty charging cell information including the identification information of this cell 102 is notified to the management center (step S15). On the other hand, if there is no cell 102 with a voltage lower than the specified voltage ("No" in step S14), the process returns to step S11 and the calculation of the SOC is repeated. When the storage battery 101 is in a float-charged state, the calculation of the SOC, the measurement of the voltage of each cell 102, and the detection of defective cells are constantly repeated. The defective cell is then replaced with a replacement cell.

[0039] The discharge failure cell management task 62 is a task program that is started during discharging of the storage battery 101, and detects a discharge failure cell 102. First, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the voltage of each cell 102 during discharging is measured (step S21), and the average voltage of the cells 102 in the battery pack is calculated (step S22). Next, it is determined whether or not there is a cell 102 whose cell voltage is, for example, less than 90% of the average voltage (step S23). If there is no cell 102 whose cell voltage is, for example, less than 90% of the average voltage (step S23: "No"), such measurement, calculation, and determination are repeated. On the other hand, if there is a cell 102 whose cell voltage is, for example, less than 90% (step S23: "Yes"), this cell 102 is detected as a discharge failure cell, and discharge failure cell information including identification information of this cell 102 is notified to the management center (step S24). Such processing is repeated until discharging is completed. The discharge failure cell is then replaced with a replacement cell.

[0040] The SOH calculation task 63 is a task program for calculating and estimating the actual state of health·SOH(%) of the storage battery 101 to be managed, and is periodically started at a predetermined cycle. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the float state of health·FSOH(%) of the storage battery 101 is calculated and estimated by the FSOH calculation task 65 described later (step S31), and the cycle state of health·CSOH(%) of the storage battery 101 is calculated and estimated by the CSOH calculation task 66 described later (step S32). Next, the float state of health and the cycle state of health are compared, and the lower one is set as the actual state of health·SOH of the storage battery 101 (step S33), and this actual state of health is stored and updated in the storage unit 5 (step S34). Such processing is periodically repeated.

[0041] The SOH initial value setting task 64 is a task program that calculates and sets initial values ​​required for the FSOH calculation task 65 and the CSOH calculation task 66, and is started before the storage battery capacity management system 1 starts managing the storage battery 101 to be managed. First, as shown in Fig. 6, if the storage battery 101 to be managed is new, that is, if it has never been used (if "Yes" in step S41), the actual state of health and SOH are set to 100% (step S42), and the initial usage period D0 and the initial charged amount of electricity E0 are set to zero and stored in the storage unit 5 (step S43). In other words, it is set that there has been no period of use and no amount of electricity has been charged or discharged.

[0042] On the other hand, if the storage battery 101 to be managed is not new, that is, if it has been used before ("No" in step S41), a capacity test is performed to measure the actual state of health and SOH (step S44). Here, the capacity test may be performed on the entire storage battery 101 if the entire storage battery 101, that is, the entire battery pack, can be discharged, or if the capacity test cannot be performed on the entire storage battery 101, some of the cells 102 may be selected as representative cells and the test may be performed only on these cells 102.

[0043] Next, an initial usage period D0 is estimated based on the measured SOH and the float life characteristics stored in the memory unit 5 (step S45). That is, in a float life characteristics curve as shown in FIG. 2(a), the usage period when the measured SOH is FSOH is estimated as the initial usage period D0. Similarly, an initial charge amount of electricity E0 is estimated based on the measured SOH and the cycle life characteristics stored in the memory unit 5 (step S46). That is, in a cycle life characteristics curve as shown in FIG. 2(b), the charge amount of electricity when the measured SOH is CSOH is estimated as the initial charge amount of electricity E0. Then, the estimated initial usage period D0 and initial charge amount of electricity E0 are stored in the memory unit 5.

[0044] The FSOH calculation task 65 is a task / program that calculates / estimates the current float state of health / FSOH of the managed storage battery 101, and is started in the SOH calculation task 63 as described above. That is, based on the temperature during the usage period of the managed storage battery 101, the usage period is converted to a period at standard temperature, and based on the period and the float life characteristics, the state of health of this storage battery 101 is estimated as the float state of health / FSOH. Here, in this embodiment, the standard temperature is 25°C.

[0045] Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 7(a), the temperature t of the storage battery 101 is measured, i.e., obtained from the memory unit 5, for each unit time T·usage period (e.g., 1 hour, 1 day) (step S51). If the temperature t is higher than 25°C ("Yes" in step S52), the unit time T is converted into a converted unit period Ti, which is a period converted into 25°C according to the Arrhenius law given below (step S53). Ti = T x 2 (t-25) / 10 On the other hand, if the temperature t is 25° C. or less ("No" in step S52), the unit time T is directly used as the converted unit period Ti (step S54).

[0046] Next, the converted unit period Ti is periodically (continuously and without interruption) calculated, and each value is integrated and accumulated to calculate the converted usage period D (step S55) by adding the initial usage period D0 to the period obtained by accumulating the total period since the storage battery 101 to be managed has been used at standard temperature. Next, the FSOH is estimated based on the calculated converted usage period D and the float life characteristics (step S56). That is, the FSOH is obtained when the calculated converted usage period D is used as the usage period in the float life characteristics curve as shown in FIG. 2(a).

[0047] In this embodiment, the total usage period converted to the standard temperature is calculated by adding up each converted unit period Ti while periodically repeating the process of converting each unit time T into the converted unit period Ti at the standard temperature. Alternatively, the average temperature throughout the entire usage period may be calculated, and the total usage period converted to the standard temperature may be calculated according to the Arrhenius law at this temperature.

[0048] The CSOH calculation task 66 is a task / program for calculating / estimating the current cycle health / CSOH of the managed storage battery 101, and is started in the SOH calculation task 63 as described above. That is, the integrated charge / discharge electricity amount of the managed storage battery 101 during the usage period is calculated, and the health of the storage battery 101 is estimated as the cycle health / CSOH based on this integrated charge / discharge electricity amount and the cycle life characteristics.

[0049] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7(b), first, the charge amount of electricity Ei for each charge of the storage battery 101 is measured, that is, acquired from the storage unit 5 (step S61), and all the charge amount of electricity Ei are added and integrated to calculate the integrated charge amount of electricity E (step S62). That is, the charge amount of electricity Ei in all the charges performed on the storage battery 101 up to now is added to calculate the integrated charge amount of electricity E. At this time, the initial charge amount of electricity E0 calculated in the SOH initial value setting task 64 is added to calculate the integrated charge amount of electricity E. Next, the CSOH is estimated based on the calculated integrated charge amount of electricity E and the cycle life characteristic (step S63). That is, in the cycle life characteristic curve as shown in FIG. 2(b), the CSOH is obtained when the calculated integrated charge amount of electricity E is set as the charge amount of electricity.

[0050] In this embodiment, CSOH is estimated based on the accumulated charged quantity of electricity E as described above, but it may be as follows. That is, as described above, the relationship between the accumulated charged and discharged quantities of electricity and CSOH may be stored as the cycle life characteristic, and the accumulated charged and discharged quantities of electricity (the total amount of electricity in all charges and discharges performed on the storage battery 101) may be calculated in the CSOH calculation task 66, and CSOH may be estimated based on the accumulated charged and discharged quantities of electricity and the cycle life characteristic. Alternatively, the relationship between the accumulated discharged quantity of electricity and CSOH may be stored as the cycle life characteristic, and the accumulated discharged quantity of electricity (the total amount of electricity in all discharges performed on the storage battery 101) may be calculated in the CSOH calculation task 66, and CSOH may be estimated based on the accumulated discharged quantity of electricity and the cycle life characteristic.

[0051] The current capacity calculation task 67 is a task program that estimates the current capacity of the storage battery 101 based on the rated capacity and the actual state of health and SOH of the storage battery 101 under management, subtracts the amount of electricity discharged thereafter and adds the amount of electricity charged thereto to update the current capacity, and is periodically started at a predetermined cycle. First, as shown in FIG. 8, if a predetermined period (e.g., one week) has passed since the previous calculation of the current capacity based on the SOH (if "Yes" in step S71), the storage battery 101 is uniformly charged to make the SOC (%) of the storage battery 101 100% (step S72). That is, the storage battery 101 is uniformly charged in a state where uniform charging is possible (e.g., a state where it is not being discharged) to equalize the cell voltages, etc.

[0052] Next, the rated capacity of the storage battery 101 is multiplied by the actual state of health and SOH of the storage battery 101 estimated in the SOH calculation task 63 to estimate and calculate the current capacity of the storage battery 101 (step S73). That is, the latest SOH calculated in the SOH calculation task 63 is obtained (step S74), and this is multiplied by the rated capacity to calculate the current capacity. Note that when management of the storage battery 101 by the storage battery capacity management system 1 starts, even if the result in step S71 is "No," the processes of steps S72 to S74 are performed to calculate the current capacity.

[0053] Next, following step S73, or if step S71 is "No" and the storage battery 101 is subsequently discharged (step S75 is "Yes"), the discharged amount of electricity is subtracted from the current capacity to update the current capacity (step S76). Similarly, if the storage battery 101 is charged (step S77 is "Yes"), the charged amount of electricity is added to the current capacity to update the current capacity (step S78). A current capacity calculation task 67 is started so that such updates to the current capacity due to charging and discharging can be performed reliably (without omissions).

[0054] Next, the SOC of the storage battery 101 is calculated based on the latest current capacity and the SOH of the storage battery 101 (step S79). Specifically, the SOC is calculated according to the following formula. SOC=current capacity / (rated capacity x SOH) Thereafter, the process returns to step S71 and the same processing is repeated.

[0055] In this way, the current capacity based on the SOH is calculated at a predetermined cycle, and the current capacity is updated by adding or subtracting the amount of charge / discharge electricity during the cycle. For example, the SOH calculation task 63, the FSOH calculation task 65, and the CSOH calculation task 66 are started at a relatively short first cycle (for example, one day), and the latest actual state of health and SOH are always estimated and updated. On the other hand, the current capacity calculation task 67 is started at a second cycle equivalent to the first cycle (started at least when charge / discharge is performed), and the predetermined period in step S71, that is, the third cycle (for example, one week) for calculating the current capacity based on the SOH in step S73 is set to be longer than the first cycle. As a result, for example, the latest actual state of health and SOH are estimated and updated every day, and the current capacity is updated based on the amount of charge / discharge electricity every time charge / discharge is performed, and the current capacity is calculated based on the latest SOH once a week, and thereafter the amount of charge / discharge electricity is added or subtracted from this current capacity to update the current capacity. This process is repeated.

[0056] On the other hand, the current capacity may be updated (steps S75 to S78 are executed) every time charging or discharging is performed, and the SOH calculation task 63, FSOH calculation task 65, and CSOH calculation task 66 are started once a week to estimate the actual state of health and SOH, and the current capacity may be calculated based on this SOH (steps S71 to S74 are executed). Then, for the following week, the current capacity may be updated by adding or subtracting the amount of charge and discharge electricity to this current capacity (steps S75 to S78 are executed). In this way, any program configuration may be used as long as the current capacity is calculated based on the latest SOH at a predetermined period (every week), and the current capacity is updated by adding or subtracting the amount of charge and discharge electricity during that period. Therefore, the SOH calculation task 63, FSOH calculation task 65, CSOH calculation task 66, and current capacity calculation task 67 may be executed by dividing a part of them, without being limited to the above. For example, steps S71 to S74 and steps S75 to S79 ​​of the current capacity calculation task 67 may be executed separately as separate tasks.

[0057] The discharge start task 68 is a task program that calculates the dischargeable time when the storage battery 101 is discharged arbitrarily other than during backup (power outage), and is started when the storage battery 101 is discharged arbitrarily. Here, for example, by receiving a partial discharge command from a management center or the like via the communication unit 4, the arbitrary discharge is performed. First, as shown in FIG. 9, the load current (for example, the rated load current of the communication device 112) and the temperature of the storage battery 101 are measured and acquired (step S81), and the current conversion capacity (effective capacity according to temperature) of the storage battery 101 is calculated based on the capacity-temperature characteristic of the storage battery 101, the latest current capacity calculated by the current capacity calculation task 67 (step S82), the load current, and the temperature (step S83). That is, in the curve of the corresponding discharge rate (load current) of the capacity-temperature characteristic shown in FIG. 3, the discharge capacity rate when the temperature of the storage battery 101 is the ambient temperature is acquired, and the current conversion capacity is calculated by multiplying the current capacity by this discharge capacity rate.

[0058] Next, if backup during a power outage is not required (if "No" in step S84), the required backup capacity (capacity for backup power source), which is the capacity required for backup, is set to zero (step S85). Here, backup during a power outage is normally required, and if backup during a power outage is not required, this is input to the battery capacity management system 1. On the other hand, if backup during a power outage is required (if "Yes" in step S84), the load current during backup is measured and acquired (step S86). At this time, the current value actually supplied to the communication device 112 may be measured and used as the backup load current, the rated load current value of the communication device 112 may be used as the backup load current, or a current value input from outside may be used as the backup load current.

[0059] Next, the backup time, which is the time required for backup, is registered and acquired (step S87). At this time, the backup time may be a time registered in advance, or a time input from outside as appropriate. Then, the backup required capacity is calculated and set by multiplying the backup load current and the backup time (step S88).

[0060] Next, the required backup capacity is subtracted from the current converted capacity to calculate the remaining dischargeable capacity, and the remaining dischargeable capacity is divided by the discharge current and load current when arbitrarily discharging to calculate the dischargeable time (step S89). In this embodiment, since arbitrarily discharging to the communication device 112, the backup load current is the discharge current. On the other hand, when arbitrarily discharging to a load other than the communication device 112, the current value measured for this load or a current value input from outside may be the discharge current.

[0061] Next, the output from the rectifier 110 to the storage battery 101 and the communication device 112 is stopped, and optional discharge from the storage battery 101 to the communication device 112 is started. When the dischargeable time has elapsed since the discharge (if "Yes" in step S8a), the discharge is stopped and an alarm is notified and issued to the management center (step S8b). Here, the rectifier 110 may output to the storage battery 101 and the communication device 112 at the time when the dischargeable time has elapsed to stop the discharge, or the discharge may be stopped a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) before the dischargeable time has elapsed in consideration of safety, etc. Furthermore, when notifying the management center of the alarm, the time of discharge, the amount of discharged electricity, etc. may be notified together with the identification information of the storage battery 101. Furthermore, the dischargeable time may be notified to the management center before the start of discharge.

[0062] Incidentally, if the discharge current changes during discharging, the available discharge time may be calculated each time as follows. That is, the discharge current and discharge time are constantly monitored, and when the discharge current changes, the amount of discharged electricity obtained by multiplying the immediately preceding discharge current and its discharge time is subtracted from the above-mentioned current converted capacity, and the resulting value is regarded as the current converted capacity. Next, the available discharge time is calculated by dividing the remaining dischargeable capacity obtained by subtracting the backup required capacity from this current converted capacity by the new discharge current. This process is performed each time the discharge current changes, and the timer that measures the determination time and the discharge time in step S8a is reset and restarted.

[0063] As described above, according to the battery capacity management system 1 and the battery capacity management method using the battery capacity management system 1, the float state of health·FSOH, i.e., the state of health relative to float use, is estimated based on the period of use of the managed battery 101, and the cycle state of health·CSOH, i.e., the state of health relative to cycle use, is estimated based on the integrated charged electric quantity of the tube battery 101. The lower of the float state of health and the cycle state of health is then set as the actual state of health·SOH of the battery 101, and the current capacity of the battery 101 is estimated based on this actual state of health.

[0064] In this way, the actual health of the storage battery 101 to be managed is estimated, taking into consideration both float use and cycle use, and the current capacity is estimated. Therefore, it is possible to properly estimate and manage the current capacity of the storage battery 101, which is used in cycles by arbitrarily charging and discharging the remaining capacity, with part of the capacity being used as a backup power source, i.e., float use. Moreover, since the lower of the float health and cycle health is set as the actual health, the lower limit of the current capacity is estimated, and it is possible to safely and appropriately use the storage battery 101 as a backup power source or in cycle use. For example, it is possible to prevent excessive arbitrary or cyclic discharge, which makes it impossible to secure the capacity for the backup power source.

[0065] Furthermore, the current capacity is calculated by multiplying the rated capacity and actual health degree of the storage battery 101, and the current capacity is updated by subtracting the discharged amount of electricity and adding the charged amount of electricity as the battery is subsequently charged and discharged. That is, the current capacity is first calculated based on the actual health degree considering both float use and cycle use, and then the charged and discharged amount of electricity is increased or decreased as the battery is actually charged and discharged, thereby updating the current capacity. This makes it possible to appropriately estimate and manage the current capacity by considering the deterioration due to both float use and cycle use and the actual charging and discharging.

[0066] Furthermore, the current capacity is calculated based on the actual health degree at a predetermined cycle, and the amount of electricity charged and discharged by charging and discharging is added or subtracted during a predetermined cycle to update the current capacity. That is, the current capacity is calculated periodically taking into account the actual health degree and deterioration degree due to both float use and cycle use, and until the next time the current capacity is calculated based on the actual health degree, the current capacity is updated by adding or subtracting the amount of electricity charged and discharged by the actual charging and discharging. This makes it possible to more appropriately estimate and manage the current capacity by periodically taking into account deterioration due to both float use and cycle use, and then taking into account the actual charging and discharging.

[0067] When the storage battery 101 is discharged at will other than during backup, the remaining dischargeable capacity is calculated by subtracting the backup power capacity from the current capacity, and the dischargeable time is calculated based on this remaining dischargeable capacity and the load current. In other words, after the backup power capacity is secured, the amount of time that can be discharged for the load current is calculated, so that the storage battery 101 can be effectively utilized by discharging it at will and on a daily basis without excess or deficiency while still fulfilling its role as a backup power source.

[0068] Moreover, since discharging of the storage battery 101 is stopped when the dischargeable time has elapsed since the storage battery 101 was discharged, the capacity for backup power supply is reliably secured, and the storage battery 101 can reliably fulfill its role as a backup power supply.

[0069] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and the present invention includes design changes and the like within the scope of the gist of the present invention. For example, the above embodiment has been described for the case where the load device, i.e., the communication device 112, is a DC load, but the present invention can also be applied to an AC load as shown in FIG.

[0070] That is, the storage battery 101 is connected to the commercial power source 111, the backup load 114 which is an AC load, and the general equipment 115 via the bidirectional power conversion device 113. The bidirectional power conversion device 113 is controlled by the control unit 3, so that AC power from the commercial power source 111 is converted to DC by the bidirectional power conversion device 113 and supplied to the storage battery 101, and DC power from the storage battery 101 is converted to AC by the bidirectional power conversion device 113 and supplied to the backup load 114 or the general equipment 115. When the commercial power source 111 experiences a power outage, the control unit 3 opens the switch 116 to supply power from the storage battery 101 to the backup load 114, and when the storage battery 101 is to be discharged at any time during non-power outage, the control unit 3 closes the switch 116 to supply power from the storage battery 101 to the general equipment 115.

[0071] Incidentally, the above-described battery capacity management system 1 and information processing unit 6 may be configured by installing the following battery capacity management program in a general-purpose computer. That is, the battery capacity management program is for managing the capacity of the storage battery 101, part of whose capacity is set as a backup power supply capacity and the remaining capacity is arbitrarily charged and discharged, and includes a computer, a storage means (storage unit 5) for storing float life characteristics indicating the relationship between the period at standard temperature and the health of the storage battery, and cycle life characteristics indicating the relationship between the integrated charge / discharge electricity amount and the health of the storage battery, converting the usage period of the storage battery 101 to a period at standard temperature based on the temperature during the usage period, estimating the health of the storage battery 101 to be managed as a float health degree based on the period and the float life characteristics, and calculating the temperature of the storage battery 101 during the usage period. and estimating the current capacity of the storage battery under management based on the rated capacity and actual health degree of the storage battery under management. The information processing unit multiplies the rated capacity and actual health degree of the storage battery under management by the rated capacity and actual health degree of the storage battery under management, and updates the current capacity by subtracting the subsequent discharged amount of electricity from the current capacity and adding the charged amount of electricity to the current capacity. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 1 Battery capacity management system 2. Measuring Instruments 3. Control Unit 4. Communications Department 5 Storage section 6. Information Processing Section 101 Managed batteries 111 Commercial power supply

Claims

1. A storage battery capacity management system that manages the capacity of a storage battery, part of which is used as a backup power supply capacity and the remaining capacity of which is arbitrarily charged and discharged, comprising: A storage unit that stores a float life characteristic indicating a relationship between a period at a standard temperature and a health state of the storage battery, and a cycle life characteristic indicating a relationship between an integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity and a health state of the storage battery; an information processing unit that converts a usage period of a managed storage battery into a period at a standard temperature based on a temperature during the usage period, estimates a health state of the managed storage battery as a float health state based on the period and the float life characteristic, calculates an integrated charge / discharge electric amount of the managed storage battery during the usage period, estimates the health state of the managed storage battery as a cycle health state based on the integrated charge / discharge electric amount and the cycle life characteristic, sets the lower of the float health state and the cycle health state as an actual health state of the managed storage battery, and estimates a current capacity of the managed storage battery based on a rated capacity of the managed storage battery and the actual health state; A battery capacity management system comprising:

2. the information processing unit multiplies the rated capacity of the storage battery under management by the actual health degree to calculate the current capacity, and updates the current capacity by subtracting a subsequently discharged amount of electricity from the current capacity and adding a subsequently charged amount of electricity to the current capacity. The battery capacity management system according to claim 1 .

3. the information processing unit calculates the current capacity based on the actual health degree at a predetermined cycle, and updates the current capacity at the predetermined cycle. The battery capacity management system according to claim 2 .

4. the information processing unit calculates a dischargeable remaining capacity by subtracting the backup power supply capacity from the current capacity, and calculates a dischargeable time based on a load current when the storage battery under management is arbitrarily discharged and the dischargeable remaining capacity. The battery capacity management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. the information processing unit stops discharging the storage battery under management when the dischargeable time has elapsed since the storage battery under management was arbitrarily discharged, The battery capacity management system according to claim 4 .

6. A storage battery capacity management method for managing the capacity of a storage battery, part of which is used as a backup power supply capacity and the remaining capacity of which is arbitrarily charged or discharged, comprising: A float life characteristic indicating the relationship between a period at a standard temperature and the health of the storage battery, and a cycle life characteristic indicating the relationship between an integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity and the health of the storage battery are stored; a period of use of a storage battery to be managed is converted into a period at standard temperature based on a temperature during the period of use, a health state of the storage battery to be managed is estimated as a float health state based on the period and the float life characteristic, an integrated charge / discharge electrical quantity of the storage battery to be managed during the period of use is calculated, a health state of the storage battery to be managed is estimated as a cycle health state based on the integrated charge / discharge electrical quantity and the cycle life characteristic, the lower of the float health state and the cycle health state is set as an actual health state of the storage battery to be managed, and a current capacity of the storage battery to be managed is estimated based on a rated capacity of the storage battery to be managed and the actual health state.

7. The computer calculates the current capacity by multiplying the rated capacity of the storage battery under management by the actual health degree, and updates the current capacity by subtracting the amount of electricity discharged thereafter from the current capacity and adding the amount of electricity charged thereto. The method for managing battery capacity according to claim 6 .

8. A storage battery capacity management program for managing the capacity of a storage battery, part of which is used as a backup power supply capacity and the remaining capacity of which is arbitrarily charged and discharged, comprising: A storage means for storing a float life characteristic indicating a relationship between a period at a standard temperature and a health state of the storage battery, and a cycle life characteristic indicating a relationship between an integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity and a health state of the storage battery; an information processing means for converting a usage period of a storage battery to a period at a standard temperature based on a temperature during the usage period, estimating a health state of the storage battery to be managed as a float health state based on the period and the float life characteristic, calculating an integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity of the storage battery to be managed during the usage period, estimating a health state of the storage battery to be managed as a cycle health state based on the integrated charge / discharge quantity of electricity and the cycle life characteristic, setting the lower of the float health state and the cycle health state as an actual health state of the storage battery to be managed, and estimating a current capacity of the storage battery to be managed based on a rated capacity of the storage battery to be managed and the actual health state; A battery capacity management program characterized by causing the battery capacity management program to function as a storage battery capacity management program.

9. the information processing means calculates the current capacity by multiplying the rated capacity of the storage battery to be managed by the actual state of health, and updates the current capacity by subtracting a subsequently discharged amount of electricity from the current capacity and adding a subsequently charged amount of electricity to the current capacity.

9. The storage battery capacity management program according to claim 8.

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