Power interchange system

Abstract

To provide a power transfer system that even though a shared part has no power generator, can use a power load of the shared part for a long period of time during outage by transferring power of exclusive parts.SOLUTION: A power transfer system in a facility having a shared part C and exclusive parts H comprises: a power storage system 36 that is provided in the shared part C and can perform charging / discharging of power; a shared cross board 37 that is provided in the shared part C and can change over a supply source of power to be supplied to a power load in the shared part C to a shared power distribution board 34 (shared distribution board) connected to a system power supply K or to the power storage system 36 depending on presence / absence of outage; and fuel batteries 44 that are provided respectively in the exclusive parts H, can generate power using fuel, supplies generated power respectively to exclusive distribution boards 42 provided respectively in the exclusive parts H during non-outage, and supplies generated power to the power storage system 36 during outage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for a power interchange system capable of interchange of electric power. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, technology for a system for supplying electric power to a facility having common areas and private areas has been publicly known, as described in Patent Document 1, for example.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a system for appropriately supplying power to the power loads in a facility having common areas and private areas. In this system, for example, a solar power generation unit and a power storage device are provided in the common areas. As a result, in the event of a power outage, for example, the solar power generation unit and the power storage device can be used to power the power loads in the common areas for a long period of time. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2016-214003 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, for example, in facilities such as condominiums, it may be difficult to provide a solar power generation unit (power generation device) in the common area due to space limitations. In such cases, even if a power storage device is provided in the common area, it cannot be charged during a power outage, and therefore the power load of the common area cannot be used for a long period of time.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned situation, and the problem it aims to solve is to provide a power interchange system that can interchange electricity from the private area, allowing the power load of the common area to be used for a long period of time during a power outage, even if the common area is not equipped with a power generation device, by interchangeing electricity from the private area. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The problem to be solved by the present invention has been described above, and the means for solving this problem will now be described.

[0008] That is, in claim 1, a facility having a common area and a private area includes a power storage system that is provided in the common area and is capable of charging and discharging power, a first switchboard that is provided in the common area and is capable of switching the source of power supplied to the power load of the common area to a common distribution board connected to a system power source or to the power storage system depending on whether there is a power outage, and a fuel cell that is provided in the private area and is capable of generating power using fuel, and supplies the generated power to a private distribution board provided in the private area when there is no power outage, and supplies the generated power to the power storage system when there is a power outage. A second switching board that is provided in the exclusive area and can switch the source of power supplied to the power load of the exclusive area to the exclusive distribution board connected to a system power source or the power storage system depending on whether or not there is a power outage; It is equipped with the following.

[0010] Claim 2 In the above embodiment, the second switching panel is configured to be able to arbitrarily connect a plurality of power loads in the exclusive area to the power supply source for the exclusive area, and in the event of a power outage, connects a predetermined number of the plurality of power loads to the power supply source for the exclusive area depending on the amount of charge in the power storage system.

[0011] Claim 3 The electric power storage device includes a conversion unit capable of converting the electric power supplied from the power storage system to the electric power load in the exclusive section.

[0012] Claim 4 In the above, a plurality of exclusive portions are provided. Effect of the Invention

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages.

[0014] In the present invention, even if the common area is not equipped with a power generating device, the power load of the common area can be used for a long period of time during a power outage by utilizing the power from the private area. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apartment building to which a power interchange system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power interchange system. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the connection relationship of a control unit. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the state of power supply during normal (non-power outage) times. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing how power is supplied (interchanged) during a power outage. [Figure 6] 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of various devices. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of a power supply (interchange) mode during a power outage in the configuration of a power interchange system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 10 is a flowchart showing control by a control unit and operations of various devices according to a second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The following describes a power interchange system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The power interchange system 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3 is applied, for example, to an apartment building M having a common area C and multiple private areas H. The common areas C are areas shared by the residents of the apartment building M (for example, corridors, stairs, elevator halls, etc.). The private areas H are areas (apartments) used exclusively by the residents of the apartment building M. The apartment building M performs centralized energy management by receiving high-voltage power in one go and supplying the received power to the common area C and the multiple private areas H. The power interchange system 1 interchanges power within the apartment building M (the common area C and the multiple private areas H) during a power outage.

[0018] 2 and 3, the power interchange system 1 includes a cubicle 10, an electricity buying and selling meter 20, various devices in the common area C, various devices in the private area H, and an EMS 50. In the following description, the terms "upstream side" and "downstream side" are based on the direction of power supply from a power grid K.

[0019] The cubicle 10 is a high-voltage power receiving facility that collectively receives power from a power system K. The cubicle 10 is connected to the power system K via a predetermined power distribution line. The cubicle 10 can step down the power from the power system K and distribute it to the common area C and multiple private areas H. The cubicle 10 can also supply power from the multiple private areas H to the power system K.

[0020] The electricity buying and selling meter 20 detects electric power. The electricity buying and selling meter 20 is provided between the system power supply K and the cubicle 10. The electricity buying and selling meter 20 can obtain the purchased power and sold power of the condominium M.

[0021] The various devices in the common area C include a common general distribution board 31, a common general electricity purchase meter 32, a common dedicated circuit 33, a common power distribution board 34, a common power purchase meter 35, a power storage system 36, a common switchboard 37, and a transformer 38, etc.

[0022] The common general distribution board 31 distributes power to a general circuit (not shown). The common general distribution board 31 is connected to the general circuit via a specified distribution line. The common general distribution board 31 is also connected to the cubicle 10 via a specified distribution line. In this way, the common general distribution board 31 can supply power supplied from the cubicle 10 to the general circuit.

[0023] The general circuit of the common area C is a circuit to which are connected electric power loads (hereinafter referred to as "general loads") that are used during normal times (when there is no power outage) but are not used during a power outage (have a relatively low priority for use) among the electric power loads of the common area C. In this embodiment, the general loads include electric lights in corridors and elevator halls.

[0024] The common general power purchase meter 32 detects electric power. The common general power purchase meter 32 is provided between the cubicle 10 and the common general distribution board 31, immediately upstream of the common general distribution board 31. The common general power purchase meter 32 can obtain purchased power supplied to the general circuit.

[0025] The shared dedicated circuit 33 is a circuit to which power loads (hereinafter referred to as "shared dedicated loads") that are used (have a relatively high priority for use) not only during normal times (when there is no power outage) but also during a power outage are connected, among the power loads of the shared part C. In this embodiment, the shared dedicated loads include loads that generate power, such as a water supply pump C1 and an elevator C2, as shown in FIG.

[0026] The common power distribution board 34 distributes power to the common dedicated circuit 33. The common power distribution board 34 is connected to the common dedicated circuit 33 via predetermined distribution lines (hereinafter referred to as the "first distribution line L1" and the "second distribution line L2"). A common switchboard 37, which will be described later, is provided between the first distribution line L1 and the second distribution line L2. The common power distribution board 34 is also connected to the cubicle 10 via the predetermined distribution lines. In this way, the common power distribution board 34 can supply power supplied from the cubicle 10 to the common dedicated circuit 33 via the common switchboard 37.

[0027] The common power power purchase meter 35 detects electric power. The common power power purchase meter 35 is provided between the cubicle 10 and the common power distribution board 34, immediately upstream of the common power distribution board 34. The common power power purchase meter 35 can obtain purchased electric power supplied to the common area C.

[0028] The power storage system 36 is a system capable of charging and discharging electric power, and includes a storage battery 36a and a power conditioner 36b.

[0029] The storage battery 36a is configured to be capable of charging and discharging power, and is configured, for example, by a lithium ion battery.

[0030] The inverter 36b is configured to be capable of appropriately converting power. The inverter 36b is connected to the common power distribution board 34 via a predetermined distribution line (hereinafter referred to as the "third distribution line L3"). In this way, the power storage system 36 is connected to the common power distribution board 34 by the inverter 36b. The inverter 36b can detect the occurrence of a power outage based on the state of the voltage applied to the third distribution line L3. The inverter 36b is also connected to the storage battery 36a. The inverter 36b can obtain information about the storage battery 36a (such as the charge amount and operating state).

[0031] The electricity storage system 36 configured as described above performs grid-connected operation and stand-alone operation.

[0032] The grid-connected operation of the power storage system 36 refers to an operation performed in a state where the power storage system 36 is connected to the grid power source K during normal times (when there is no power outage). That is, during grid-connected operation, the power storage system 36 can charge the storage battery 36a with power from the common power distribution board 34 via the power conditioner 36b while connected to the grid power source K. Also, the power storage system 36 can output the discharged power of the storage battery 36a via the power conditioner 36b while connected to the grid power source K. In this way, the power storage system 36 can charge, for example, during late-night hours when the unit price of power is relatively cheap, and discharge during daytime hours when the unit price of power is relatively expensive, and output the discharged power to the common power distribution board 34.

[0033] The independent operation of the power storage system 36 refers to operation performed in a state independent of the grid power source K during a power outage. When the power storage system 36 detects the occurrence of a power outage, it switches its operation from grid-connected operation to independent operation. During independent operation, the power storage system 36 can output the discharged power of the storage battery 36a via the power conditioner 36b in a state independent of the grid power source K. Note that during independent operation, the power storage system 36 outputs the discharged power to a distribution line (hereinafter referred to as the "fourth distribution line L4") different from the third distribution line L3 during grid-connected operation. The power storage system 36 outputs in a three-phase three-wire system (200V) to supply power for driving. When the power storage system 36 detects the end of the power outage (return to normal state), it switches its operation from independent operation to grid-connected operation.

[0034] The fourth distribution line L4 connects the storage system 36 (more specifically, the power conditioner 36b), the common switching board 37 described later, and the private switching boards 45 of each private section H described later. More specifically, the fourth distribution line L4 is composed of a fourth distribution line L4a connecting the connection point P and the common switching board 37 of the common section C, a fourth distribution line L4b connecting the connection point P and the storage system 36, and a fourth distribution line L4c connecting the connection point P and the private switching boards 45 of each private section H. The fourth distribution line L4c is provided so as to extend between the common section C and each private section H. As described above, the fourth distribution line L4 is not used during normal times, but is used only during a power outage.

[0035] The common switching panel 37 switches the source of power supplied to the common dedicated circuit 33. Specifically, the common switching panel 37 appropriately switches between the common power distribution panel 34 and the power storage system 36 as the source of power supplied to the common dedicated circuit 33. In the following, the state in which the common switching panel 37 has switched the power source to the common power distribution panel 34 is referred to as a "first switching state," and the state in which it has switched to the power storage system 36 is referred to as a "second switching state."

[0036] Moreover, the common switching panel 37 is provided between the first distribution line L1, the second distribution line L2, and the fourth distribution line L4. In the first switching state, the common switching panel 37 connects the second distribution line L2 and the first distribution line L1 (to a state in which power can flow). In the second switching state, the common switching panel 37 connects the second distribution line L2 and the fourth distribution line L4 (more specifically, the fourth distribution line L4a). Thus, in the second switching state, the common dedicated circuit 33 and the power storage system 36 are in a state in which power can flow through the second distribution line L2, the fourth distribution line L4a, and the fourth distribution line L4b.

[0037] Moreover, the common switching panel 37 is not controlled by a predetermined control device (for example, the EMS 50 described later), but performs switching operation spontaneously in response to power from the system power source K or the like (i.e., in response to the presence or absence of a power outage). Specifically, the common switching panel 37 is in the first switching state under normal circumstances. In addition, the common switching panel 37 switches its state from the first switching state to the second switching state when a power outage occurs. In addition, the common switching panel 37 switches its state from the second switching state to the first switching state when the power outage ends (returns to the normal state). Note that the common switching panel 37 may switch its state in response to an instruction (control) from the EMS 50 described later, rather than spontaneously switching its state as described above.

[0038] The transformer 38 converts electric power as appropriate. The transformer 38 is provided in a midway portion of the fourth distribution line L4c of the fourth distribution line L4 (i.e., on the side of each exclusive area H from the connection point P of the fourth distribution line L4). The transformer 38 converts the electric power output by the power storage system 36 during independent operation into a single-phase two-wire system (100V). In this way, the output power of the power storage system 36 supplied via the transformer 38 can be used in each exclusive area H.

[0039] The various devices in the private areas H include an exclusive circuit 41, an exclusive distribution board 42, an exclusive electricity purchasing meter 43, a fuel cell 44, and an exclusive switchboard 45. For ease of explanation, in this embodiment, the condominium M has four exclusive areas H (dwelling units). The configurations of the various devices in the four exclusive areas H are assumed to be the same. Therefore, in the following, one unspecified exclusive area H among the four exclusive areas H will be taken up and its various devices will be described.

[0040] The exclusive use circuit 41 is a circuit to which are connected electric power loads (hereinafter referred to as "exclusive use loads") that are used (have a relatively high priority for use) not only during normal times (when there is no power outage) but also during power outages, among the electric power loads of the exclusive use section H. In this embodiment, the exclusive use loads include loads such as the electric light, refrigerator, and air conditioner in the living room.

[0041] The exclusive distribution board 42 distributes power to the exclusive circuit 41 and a general circuit (not shown). The general circuit of the exclusive section H is a circuit to which is connected the power loads of the exclusive section H that are used during normal times (when there is no power outage) but are not used during a power outage (having a relatively low priority for use). The exclusive distribution board 42 is connected to the general circuit via a specified distribution line. The exclusive distribution board 42 is also connected to the exclusive circuit 41 via specified distribution lines (hereinafter referred to as the "fifth distribution line L5" and the "sixth distribution line L6"). A dedicated switchboard 45 (described later) is provided between the fifth distribution line L5 and the sixth distribution line L6. The exclusive distribution board 42 is also connected to the cubicle 10 via a specified distribution line. In this way, the exclusive distribution board 42 can distribute the power supplied from the cubicle 10 to the exclusive dedicated circuit 41 and the general circuit via the exclusive switchboard 45.

[0042] The exclusive power purchasing meter 43 detects electric power. The exclusive power purchasing meter 43 is provided between the cubicle 10 and the exclusive distribution board 42, immediately upstream of the exclusive distribution board 42. The exclusive power purchasing meter 43 can obtain purchased power supplied to the exclusive section H.

[0043] The fuel cell 44 is a device that generates electricity using gas fuel such as hydrogen. The fuel cell 44 is composed of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC: Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell), a control unit, etc. The fuel cell 44 is also provided with a hot water storage tank, a generator, a water heater, etc. (not shown). The fuel cell 44 is connected to the exclusive distribution board 42 via a predetermined distribution line (hereinafter referred to as the "seventh distribution line L7"). The fuel cell 44 can detect the occurrence of a power outage based on the state of the voltage applied to the seventh distribution line L7.

[0044] Further, the fuel cell 44 is provided with a fuel cell sensor 44a. The fuel cell sensor 44a is provided between the exclusive power purchasing meter 43 and the exclusive distribution board 42 in a predetermined power distribution line connecting the cubicle 10 and the exclusive distribution board 42. The fuel cell sensor 44a (i.e., the fuel cell 44) can obtain the purchased power supplied to the exclusive unit H.

[0045] Furthermore, the fuel cell 44 produces hot water using heat (exhaust heat) generated during power generation, and stores the produced hot water in a hot water storage tank. When the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank reaches its maximum capacity (when the hot water storage tank is full and can no longer store any more heat), the fuel cell 44 stops power generation (cannot generate power) unless hot water is discharged from the hot water storage tank. The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank can be supplied according to the demand for hot water in the bathroom, etc.

[0046] The fuel cell 44 configured as described above performs grid-connected operation and stand-alone operation.

[0047] The grid-connected operation of the fuel cell 44 refers to an operation performed during normal times (when there is no power outage) while connected to the grid power source K. Specifically, during grid-connected operation, the fuel cell 44 performs load-following operation in which the amount of power generated is adjusted based on the detection result of the fuel cell sensor 44a (i.e., the purchased power supplied to the exclusive portion H) while connected to the grid power source K. The power generated by the fuel cell 44 is supplied to the exclusive distribution board 42 via the seventh distribution line L7.

[0048] The independent operation of the fuel cell 44 refers to operation performed in a state independent of the system power source K during a power outage. When the fuel cell 44 detects the occurrence of a power outage, it switches its operation from grid-connected operation to independent operation. During independent operation, the fuel cell 44 can output a certain amount of generated power in a state independent of the system power source K. Note that during independent operation, the fuel cell 44 outputs the generated power to a distribution line (hereinafter referred to as the "eighth distribution line L8") different from the seventh distribution line L7 during grid-connected operation. When the fuel cell 44 detects the end of the power outage (return to normal state), it switches its operation from independent operation to grid-connected operation. Also, during independent operation, the fuel cell 44 can output DC power as the generated power.

[0049] The eighth distribution line L8 connects the fuel cell 44 in the exclusive use area H and the power storage system 36 (more specifically, the power conditioner 36b) in the common use area C. The eighth distribution line L8 is provided to extend between the common use area C and each exclusive use area H. As described above, the eighth distribution line L8 is not used under normal circumstances, and is used only during a power outage.

[0050] The exclusive switching panel 45 switches the source of power supplied to the exclusive dedicated circuit 41. Specifically, the exclusive switching panel 45 appropriately switches between the exclusive distribution panel 42 in the exclusive area H and the power storage system 36 in the common area C as the source of power supplied to the exclusive dedicated circuit 41. In the following, the state in which the exclusive switching panel 45 has switched the power source to the exclusive distribution panel 42 is referred to as a "third switching state," and the state in which it has switched to the power storage system 36 is referred to as a "fourth switching state."

[0051] Moreover, the exclusive switchboard 45 is provided between the fifth distribution line L5, the sixth distribution line L6, and the fourth distribution line L4. In the third switching state, the exclusive switchboard 45 connects the sixth distribution line L6 and the fifth distribution line L5 (a state in which power can flow). In the fourth switching state, the exclusive switchboard 45 connects the sixth distribution line L6 and the fourth distribution line L4 (more specifically, the fourth distribution line L4c). Thus, in the fourth switching state, power can flow between the exclusive dedicated circuit 41 and the storage system 36 in the common area C via the sixth distribution line L6, the fourth distribution line L4c, and the fourth distribution line L4b.

[0052] Moreover, the exclusive switching panel 45 is not controlled by a predetermined control device (for example, the EMS 50 described later), but performs switching operation spontaneously in response to power from the system power source K or the like (i.e., in response to the presence or absence of a power outage). Specifically, the exclusive switching panel 45 is in the third switching state under normal circumstances. In addition, the exclusive switching panel 45 switches the state from the third switching state to the fourth switching state when a power outage occurs. In addition, the exclusive switching panel 45 switches the state from the fourth switching state to the third switching state when the power outage ends (returns to the normal state). Note that the exclusive switching panel 45 may switch the state in response to an instruction (control) from the EMS 50 described later, rather than switching the state spontaneously as described above.

[0053] 3 is an energy management system that manages the operation of the power interchange system 1. The EMS 50 is connected to various meters such as the power buying and selling meter 20, and can obtain the purchased power and sold power of the entire apartment building M, the purchased power supplied to the general circuit and the shared dedicated circuit of the common area C, and the purchased power supplied to the general circuit and the exclusive dedicated circuit of the private area H.

[0054] The EMS 50 is also connected to the power conditioner 36b of the power storage system 36 in the common area C. The EMS 50 can obtain the amount of charge in the storage battery 36a via the power conditioner 36b. The EMS 50 is also connected to the common switchboard 37 in the common area C and the private switchboard 45 in the private area H. The EMS 50 can control the operation of the common switchboard 37 in the common area C and the private switchboard 45 in the private area H. The EMS 50 is also connected to the fuel cell 44 in the private area H. The EMS 50 can obtain the operating status of the fuel cell 44. The EMS 50 can obtain the presence or absence of a power outage by a predetermined detection means.

[0055] Hereinafter, a power supply mode under normal circumstances in the power interchange system 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

[0056] Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the state of power supply during normal times. In Fig. 4, among the multiple distribution lines, distribution lines that are not used during normal times (i.e., the fourth distribution line L4 and the eighth distribution line L8 that are used only during a power outage) are shown by thin dashed lines.

[0057] In the power interchange system 1, under normal circumstances, no power interchange takes place within the apartment building M (common area C and multiple private areas H), and electricity (purchased electricity or generated electricity) from the common area C and each private area H is supplied to its respective power loads.

[0058] First, the state of power supply to the common area C under normal circumstances will be described.

[0059] Under normal circumstances, the power supplied from the cubicle 10 is supplied to the general circuit via the common general distribution board 31. In this way, in the common area C, the lights in the corridor and elevator hall, which are general loads, can be used.

[0060] Also, the common switching panel 37 of the common area C is in the first switching state (a state in which the power supply source is switched to the common power distribution panel 34). That is, the common switching panel 37 connects the second distribution line L2 and the first distribution line L1, and power can flow from the common power distribution panel 34 to the common dedicated circuit 33 via these distribution lines. Thus, the power supplied from the cubicle 10 is supplied to the common dedicated circuit 33 via the common power distribution panel 34. If necessary, the output power of the power storage system 36 (discharge power of the storage battery 36a) can also be supplied to the common dedicated circuit 33 via the common power distribution panel 34. Thus, in the common area C, during normal times, the water supply pump C1, elevator C2, and the like, which are common dedicated loads, can be used using the power purchased by the common area C itself.

[0061] Next, the state of power supply to the exclusive section H in normal times will be described.

[0062] Under normal circumstances, the exclusive switchboard 45 in the exclusive section H is in the third switching state (a state in which the power supply source is switched to the exclusive distribution board 42). That is, the exclusive switchboard 45 connects the sixth distribution line L6 and the fifth distribution line L5, and power can flow from the exclusive distribution board 42 to the exclusive dedicated circuit 41 via these distribution lines. The exclusive distribution board 42 is also connected to the general circuit. In this way, power supplied from the cubicle 10 is supplied to the exclusive dedicated circuit 41 and the general circuit via the exclusive switchboard 45.

[0063] Furthermore, under normal circumstances, the power (generated power) of the fuel cell 44 is also supplied to the exclusive circuit 41 or the general circuit via the exclusive distribution board 42 in accordance with the detection results of the fuel cell sensor 44a (see the dashed lines in FIG. 1). Thus, under normal circumstances, the exclusive area H can use the purchased power and generated power of the exclusive area H itself to operate the exclusive loads such as the living room light, refrigerator, air conditioner, and the general loads.

[0064] Here, the common area C is not provided with a device (power generation device) that generates its own power, unlike the fuel cell 44 in the private area H. For example, in a conventional condominium (to which the power interchange system 1 according to the present invention is not applied), if a power generation device is not provided in the common area like this, in the event of a power outage (when power is not supplied from the cubicle), the only power that can be used is the charging power of the power storage system, which causes the inconvenience of not being able to use the power load of the common area for a long period of time.

[0065] In contrast, in an apartment building M to which the power interchange system 1 of the present invention is applied, in the event of a power outage, power is interchanged within the apartment building M (common area C and multiple private areas H), making it possible to use the power load of the common area C for a long period of time.

[0066] Hereinafter, a power supply (interchange) mode in the power interchange system 1 configured as described above during a power outage will be described with reference to Figs.

[0067] Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing how power is supplied during a power outage. In Fig. 5, among a plurality of power distribution lines, those that are not used during a power outage (i.e., power distribution lines that are used only during normal times and are connected to the power grid K) are shown by thin dashed lines. Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of various devices (the fuel cell 44 and the power storage system 36).

[0068] As described above, when a power outage occurs, the common switchboard 37 in the common area C and the exclusive switchboard 45 in the exclusive area H each switch their own state to a state different from the normal state.

[0069] Specifically, when a power outage occurs, the shared switching panel 37 in the shared part C switches its state from the first switching state to the second switching state (a state in which the power supply source is switched to the power storage system 36). That is, the second distribution line L2 and the fourth distribution line L4 (more specifically, the fourth distribution line L4a) are connected by the shared switching panel 37, and power can flow from the power storage system 36 to the shared dedicated circuit 33 (and thus to the shared dedicated load) via these distribution lines.

[0070] Furthermore, in the event of a power outage, the exclusive switching panel 45 of the exclusive unit H switches from the third switching state to the fourth switching state (a state in which the power supply source is switched to the power storage system 36). That is, the exclusive switching panel 45 connects the sixth distribution line L6 and the fourth distribution line L4 (more specifically, the fourth distribution line L4c), and power can flow from the power storage system 36 to the exclusive-only circuit 41 (and thus to the exclusive-only load) via these distribution lines (that is, from the common unit C to the exclusive unit H).

[0071] In this way, in the event of a power outage, the common switching panel 37 in the common area C and the exclusive switching panel 45 in the exclusive area H each switch their state, and the source of power for the common dedicated circuit 33 in the common area C and the exclusive dedicated circuit 41 in the exclusive area H becomes the same equipment (energy storage system 36) in the common area C.

[0072] Furthermore, in the event of a power outage, the power storage system 36 in the common area C and the fuel cell 44 in the private area H each start independent operation (steps S13 and S14 in FIG. 6).

[0073] When the power storage system 36 in the common area C starts independent operation, the discharged power of the storage battery 36a is output to the fourth distribution line L4. In this way, the output power of the power storage system 36 is supplied to the common dedicated circuit 33 via the common switchboard 37. That is, the output power of the power storage system 36 can be used to operate the water supply pump C1, elevator C2, and other common dedicated loads. The output power of the power storage system 36 is also circulated to the private area H via the fourth distribution line L4 (the fourth distribution line L4b and the fourth distribution line L4c), and is supplied to the private dedicated circuit 41 via the private switchboard 45.

[0074] At this time, the output power of the power storage system 36 is converted to single-phase two-wire (100V) by the transformer 38 (step S15 in FIG. 6). In this way, in the exclusive use unit H, the output power of the power storage system 36 can be used to operate the lights and refrigerator in the living room, which are exclusive use loads.

[0075] Furthermore, when the fuel cell 44 in the exclusive portion H starts independent operation, the generated power of the fuel cell 44 (during independent operation) is output to the eighth distribution line L8. In this way, the generated power of the fuel cell 44 is distributed to the common portion C via the eighth distribution line L8 and supplied to the power storage system 36. The power storage system 36 can charge the storage battery 36a with the generated power of the fuel cell 44. Furthermore, the power storage system 36 can output discharged power while charging the storage battery 36a with the generated power of the fuel cell 44, and supply the output power to the shared dedicated circuit 33 and the exclusive dedicated circuit 41 (exclusive portion H) (step S16 in FIG. 6).

[0076] Furthermore, when the power storage system 36 is fully charged, the power generated by the fuel cell 44 and supplied via the eighth distribution line L8 can be bypassed (i.e., without being charged to the storage battery 36a) and output to the fourth distribution line L4. In this way, when the power storage system 36 is fully charged, the power generated by the fuel cell 44 and supplied to the power storage system 36 can be returned to the exclusive section H without being used (charged) by the power storage system 36.

[0077] In this way, in the power interchange system 1, even if the common area C is not equipped with a power generation device such as a solar power generation unit, the shared dedicated load in the common area C can be used for a long period of time during a power outage by interchangeing electricity from the private area H.

[0078] The following describes a power interchange system 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] The power interchange system 1 according to the second embodiment differs from the power interchange system 1 according to the first embodiment in that a plurality of exclusive dedicated circuits (two in this embodiment) are provided for the exclusive section H, and that the operation of the exclusive switchboard 45 of the exclusive section H is controlled by an EMS 50. Below, these differences will be mainly explained using Figures 7 and 8, and explanations of the same configuration as the power interchange system 1 according to the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0080] Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a power supply (interchange) mode during a power outage in the configuration of the power interchange system 1 according to the second embodiment. In Fig. 7, as in Fig. 5, among a plurality of power distribution lines, a power distribution line that is not used during a power outage is shown by a thin dashed line. Note that Fig. 7 shows a power supply (interchange) mode when the process of step S29 described later is executed as an example.

[0081] The various devices of the exclusive section H include a first exclusive circuit 41a and a second exclusive circuit 41b instead of the exclusive circuit 41 of the power interchange system 1 according to the first embodiment.

[0082] The first exclusive use circuit 41a and the second exclusive use circuit 41b are circuits to which are connected electric power loads of the exclusive section H that are used not only during normal times (when there is no power outage) but also during power outages. The first exclusive use circuit 41a is connected to electric power loads that have a relatively higher priority of use than the second exclusive use circuit 41b during power outages. The first exclusive use circuit 41a is connected to the exclusive use switchboard 45 via the sixth distribution line L6. The second exclusive use circuit 41b is connected to the exclusive use switchboard 45 via the ninth distribution line L9.

[0083] The exclusive switchboard 45 is provided between the fifth distribution line L5, the sixth distribution line L6, the fourth distribution line L4, and the ninth distribution line L9. In the third switching state, the exclusive switchboard 45 connects the sixth distribution line L6 and the fifth distribution line L5 (to a state in which power can flow).

[0084] In addition, in the fourth switching state, the exclusive switchboard 45 connects the fourth distribution line L4 to the sixth distribution line L6, or connects the fourth distribution line L4 to both the sixth distribution line L6 and the ninth distribution line L9. The distribution line to which the exclusive switchboard 45 connects is determined by the EMS 50, and the operation of the exclusive switchboard 45 is controlled by the EMS 50. Thus, in the fourth switching state, the power storage system 36 in the common area C is capable of distributing power to the first exclusive circuit 41a, or to both the first exclusive circuit 41a and the second exclusive circuit 41b, via a predetermined distribution line.

[0085] Next, the control of the exclusive switching board 45 executed by the EMS 50 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

[0086] FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the control by the EMS 50 and the operation of various devices. The control by the EMS 50 is executed at a predetermined interval (for example, one-minute intervals). In the following explanation, the explanation of the same parts as in the flowchart of FIG. 6 will be omitted, and only the differences will be explained. Specifically, in the control by the EMS 50, the processes of steps S21 and S22 are executed before step S13 in FIG. 6. Furthermore, the processes of steps S27 to S29 are executed after step S16 in FIG. 6.

[0087] In step S21, the EMS 50 determines whether or not a power outage has occurred. If the EMS 50 determines that a power outage has not occurred (NO in step S21), it temporarily exits the flow. On the other hand, if the EMS 50 determines that a power outage has occurred (YES in step S21), it proceeds to step S22.

[0088] In step S22, the EMS 50 determines whether the fuel cell 44 is outputting generated power (DC power) during independent operation. If the EMS 50 determines that the fuel cell 44 is not outputting DC power (NO in step S22), it temporarily exits the flow. On the other hand, if the EMS 50 determines that the fuel cell 44 is outputting DC power (YES in step S22), it proceeds to step S13.

[0089] Thereafter, the power storage system 36 outputs discharged power while charging the storage battery 36a with the power generated by the fuel cell 44, and when the output power is supplied to the exclusive section H (step S16), the EMS 50 executes the process of step S27.

[0090] That is, in step S27, the EMS 50 determines whether or not the storage battery 36a of the power storage system 36 is fully charged. If the EMS 50 determines that the storage battery 36a of the power storage system 36 is not fully charged (NO in step S27), the EMS 50 proceeds to step S28. On the other hand, if the EMS 50 determines that the storage battery 36a of the power storage system 36 is fully charged (YES in step S27), the EMS 50 proceeds to step S29.

[0091] In step S28, the EMS 50 connects the sixth distribution line L6 and the fourth distribution line L4 by controlling the operation of the exclusive switching panel 45. In this way, the power storage system 36 in the common area C becomes capable of passing electric power to and from the first exclusive circuit 41a via the exclusive switching panel 45. After step S28, the EMS 50 temporarily exits the flow.

[0092] Furthermore, in step S29, the EMS 50 connects the fourth distribution line L4 to both the sixth distribution line L6 and the ninth distribution line L9 by controlling the operation of the exclusive switchboard 45. In this way, the power storage system 36 in the common area C becomes capable of passing electric power to both the first exclusive dedicated circuit 41a and the second exclusive dedicated circuit 41b via the exclusive switchboard 45. After step S29, the EMS 50 temporarily exits the flow.

[0093] By such control, when the storage battery 36a of the power storage system 36 is not fully charged, that is, when there is not much surplus power in the common area C, power is supplied only to the first exclusive dedicated circuit 41a among the dedicated circuits (the first exclusive dedicated circuit 41a and the second exclusive dedicated circuit 41b) of the exclusive area H. As a result, even when there is not much surplus power in the common area C, at least the exclusive dedicated loads having a relatively high priority among the exclusive dedicated loads can be used.

[0094] Furthermore, when the storage battery 36a of the power storage system 36 is fully charged, that is, when there is surplus power in the common area C, power is supplied to both the first exclusive use circuit 41a and the second exclusive use circuit 41b in the exclusive area H. This makes it possible to increase the exclusive use load used in the exclusive area H when there is surplus power in the common area C.

[0095] As described above, the power interchange system 1 according to the second embodiment is configured to have two exclusive circuits (the first exclusive circuit 41a and the second exclusive circuit 41b), but is not limited to this. That is, it is possible to configure the system to have three or more exclusive circuits, and to appropriately switch which of these exclusive circuits is connected to the power storage system 36 depending on the degree of surplus power in the common part C and the priority set for the exclusive circuits.

[0096] As described above, in the power interchange system 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, In a facility with common area C and private area H, A power storage system 36 that is provided in the common area C and is capable of charging and discharging power; A common switching board 37 that is provided in the common area C and can switch the source of power supplied to the power load of the common area C between a common power distribution board 34 (common distribution board) connected to a system power source K or the storage system 36 depending on whether or not there is a power outage; The system is equipped with a fuel cell 44 that is installed in the exclusive area H, is capable of generating electricity using fuel, and supplies the generated electricity to an exclusive distribution board 42 installed in the exclusive area H when there is no power outage, and also supplies the generated electricity to the storage system 36 when there is a power outage.

[0097] With this configuration, even if the common area C is not equipped with a power generation device such as a solar power generation unit, the shared dedicated load in the common area C can be used for a long period of time during a power outage by utilizing the electricity from the private area H.

[0098] In addition, in the power interchange system 1, The exclusive area H is equipped with an exclusive switching board 45 which can switch the source of electricity supplied to the power load of the exclusive area H between the exclusive distribution board 42 connected to a system power source K or the storage system 36 depending on whether or not there is a power outage.

[0099] With this configuration, even if the power of the exclusive use area H is lent to the common use area C, the exclusive use load of the exclusive use area H can be used.

[0100] In addition, in the power interchange system 1 (according to the second embodiment), The exclusive use switching panel 45 is configured to be able to arbitrarily connect a plurality of power loads (exclusive exclusive loads) of the exclusive use section H to a power supply source of the exclusive use section H, During a power outage, a predetermined number of the plurality of power loads (exclusive exclusive loads) are connected to a power supply source for the exclusive section H according to the amount of charge in the power storage system 36.

[0101] With this configuration, for example, power can be supplied to the exclusive dedicated loads in the exclusive unit H (the number of available exclusive dedicated loads can be increased) depending on the degree of surplus power in the common unit C.

[0102] In addition, in the power interchange system 1, The power storage system 36 includes a transformer 38 (conversion unit) capable of converting the power supplied from the power storage system 36 to the power load in the exclusive portion H.

[0103] With this configuration, the output power of the power storage system 36 supplied via the transformer 38 can be used in each exclusive area H.

[0104] In addition, in the power interchange system 1, A plurality of the exclusive portions H are provided.

[0105] With this configuration, the amount of power available to the common area C can be increased.

[0106] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims.

[0107] For example, the facility to which the power interchange system 1 is applied is an apartment building, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any facility having common areas and private areas, such as an office building or a commercial facility, may be used.

[0108] In addition, in this embodiment, the fuel cell 44 is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), but this is not limited to this, and various types of fuel cells, such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell), can be used.

[0109] In addition, in this embodiment, the fuel cell 44 outputs DC power as the generated power during independent operation, but this is not limited to this. That is, the fuel cell 44 may output AC power as the generated power during independent operation, and the AC power may be converted to DC power by a predetermined conversion unit provided separately. [Explanation of symbols]

[0110] 1. Electricity interchange system 34 Common power distribution board 36 Energy Storage System 37 Common switching board 42 Exclusive distribution board 44 Fuel Cell C Common area H Exclusive area

Claims

1. In facilities with common areas and private areas, a power storage system provided in the common area and capable of charging and discharging power; A first switchboard that is provided in the common area and can switch the source of power supplied to the power load of the common area to a common distribution board connected to a system power source or the storage system depending on whether or not there is a power outage; a fuel cell provided in the exclusive area, capable of generating electricity using fuel, and supplying the generated electricity to an exclusive distribution board provided in the exclusive area when there is no power outage, and supplying the generated electricity to the electricity storage system when there is a power outage; A second switching board that is provided in the exclusive area and can switch the source of power supplied to the power load of the exclusive area to the exclusive distribution board connected to a system power source or the power storage system depending on whether or not there is a power outage; An electric power interchange system having the above.

2. The second switching panel is configured to be able to arbitrarily connect a plurality of power loads in the exclusive area to a power supply source for the exclusive area, during a power outage, a predetermined number of the plurality of power loads are connected to a power supply source of the exclusive unit in accordance with a charge amount of the power storage system; The power interchange system according to claim 1 .

3. A conversion unit capable of converting power supplied from the power storage system to a power load in the exclusive area. The power interchange system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The exclusive portion is provided in plurality. The power interchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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