Brushless car wash system including a moving module for washing the sides of a vehicle - Patents.com

Abstract

The brushless car wash system includes a variable width. The width of the brushless car wash system is adjusted according to the width of the vehicle being washed. Adjusting the width of the brushless car wash system improves the washing performance of the brushless car wash system.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] 1.Technical Field FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates generally to vehicle wash systems, and more particularly to automatic brushless car wash systems. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Background of the invention Car wash systems are used to clean the exterior of vehicles using at least water and soap. One type of automatic car wash system is a tunnel car wash system (e.g., a conveyor system). In a tunnel car wash system, a vehicle is propelled onto a conveyor of the tunnel car wash system. The conveyor moves the vehicle through a tunnel of the tunnel car wash system, where different steps for cleaning the vehicle are performed, from a first step of pre-soaking the vehicle with water to a final step of drying the vehicle.

[0003] Tunnel car wash systems typically use brushes, water, or a combination of brushes and water to wash vehicles. Using brushes to wash vehicles can damage the vehicle's surface as the brushes contact the vehicle's paint to remove dirt, debris, and / or road film from the vehicle's surface. The damage can range from undesirable scratches or swirl marks on the vehicle's paint to damaged parts of the vehicle because the brushes get caught on the damaged parts during washing.

[0004] Although certain conventional tunnel car wash systems may use high pressure water (e.g., brushless) to wash the vehicle to avoid damaging the paint of the vehicle, conventional brushless tunnel car wash systems generally cannot thoroughly wash the vehicle to remove road film on the vehicle. As a result, conventional tunnel car wash systems cannot adequately clean the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A two-stage brushless car wash system is disclosed that includes a first wash stage apparatus and a second wash stage apparatus that are independently controlled to wash the exterior of a vehicle, where both the first wash stage apparatus and the second wash stage apparatus take into account the contours of the vehicle to enhance washing performance.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first cleaning stage apparatus is brushless and uses high pressure water to clean the top surface of the vehicle, including the front, top, and rear surfaces of the vehicle, while taking into account the contours of the top surface of the vehicle so that the first cleaning stage apparatus is always close to (e.g., within a distance range) the top surface of the vehicle during cleaning. The second cleaning stage apparatus is also brushless and uses high pressure water to clean the sides of the vehicle after the first cleaning stage apparatus has completed cleaning the top surface of the vehicle. Similar to the first cleaning stage apparatus, the second cleaning stage apparatus also takes into account the contours of the sides of the vehicle during cleaning, such that the second cleaning stage apparatus is always close to (e.g., within a distance range) the sides of the vehicle during cleaning.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first cleaning stage apparatus includes a cleaning unit for cleaning the upper surface of the vehicle. The height of the cleaning unit is adjusted based on the contour of the upper surface of the vehicle. By adjusting the height of the cleaning unit when the cleaning unit sprays water on the upper surface of the vehicle, the cleaning unit of the first cleaning stage apparatus can stay within a certain distance range from the upper surface of the vehicle, thereby improving the cleaning performance of the first cleaning stage.

[0008] In one embodiment, the height of the cleaning unit included in the first cleaning stage device is adjusted using a telescopic unit (e.g., a height adjustment unit). The telescopic unit can extend or retract according to the contour of the upper surface of the vehicle. In one embodiment, the telescopic unit is tilted at an angle. By tilting the telescopic unit, the telescopic cleaning unit can adjust the height of the cleaning unit to maintain a distance to the rear surface of the vehicle within a predetermined range as the vehicle moves away from the first cleaning stage. This improves the post-vehicle cleaning performance.

[0009] In one embodiment, the second cleaning stage device has a variable width. By having a variable width, the second cleaning stage can adjust its width according to the width of the vehicle being cleaned. By adjusting the width of the second cleaning stage, the cleaning units included in the second cleaning stage can stay within a certain distance range from the side of the vehicle, thereby enhancing cleaning performance. In one embodiment, the width of the second cleaning stage is adjusted due to physical contact between the second cleaning stage and the vehicle's tires. The contact between the second cleaning stage and the tires sets the width of the second cleaning stage according to the width of the vehicle.

[0010] In one embodiment, a two-stage brushless car wash system includes a first brushless wash stage device configured to wash a plurality of upper surfaces of an exterior of a vehicle, the first brushless wash stage device including a plurality of nozzles, the height of the plurality of nozzles being adjusted a plurality of times as the plurality of nozzles spray water onto the plurality of upper surfaces of the vehicle, the height of the plurality of nozzles being adjusted according to a contour shape of the plurality of upper surfaces of the vehicle, and a second brushless wash stage device configured to wash a plurality of sides of the exterior of the vehicle independently of the first brushless wash stage device, the second brushless wash stage device including a plurality of nozzles that spray water onto the plurality of sides of the vehicle according to a contour shape of the plurality of sides of the exterior of the vehicle.

[0011] In one embodiment, a two-stage brushless car wash system includes a first brushless wash stage apparatus configured to wash a plurality of top surfaces of a vehicle, the first brushless wash stage apparatus including a plurality of first nozzles controlled to follow a contour of the plurality of top surfaces of the vehicle as the plurality of first nozzles spray water onto the plurality of top surfaces of the vehicle, and a second brushless wash stage apparatus configured to wash a plurality of side surfaces of the vehicle different from the plurality of top surfaces of the vehicle, the second brushless wash stage apparatus including a plurality of second nozzles controlled independently of the plurality of first nozzles of the first brushless wash stage to spray water onto the plurality of side surfaces of the vehicle according to a contour of the plurality of side surfaces.

[0012] In one embodiment, a two-stage brushless car wash system includes a conveyor configured to transport a vehicle through the two-stage brushless car wash system; a first brushless wash stage apparatus configured to wash a rear surface of the vehicle using a plurality of first nozzles included in the first brushless wash stage, the plurality of first nozzles configured to spray water such that the plurality of first nozzles follow the contour of the rear surface of the vehicle as the vehicle enters and exits the first brushless wash stage apparatus; and a second brushless wash stage apparatus configured to wash multiple sides of the vehicle using a plurality of second nozzles that spray water against the multiple sides of the vehicle.

[0013] In one embodiment, a brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle includes a washing unit configured to spray water onto multiple upper surfaces of the vehicle's exterior to wash the vehicle, and a height adjustment unit having a first end coupled to the washing unit and configured to adjust the height of the washing unit as the multiple upper surfaces of the vehicle's exterior are washed, the height adjustment unit being tilted at a predetermined angle away from a front of the vehicle, the predetermined angle being measured with respect to a reference perpendicular to the ground.

[0014] In one embodiment, a brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle includes a light curtain sensor configured to sense multiple height points on multiple top surfaces of the vehicle's exterior along the length of the vehicle, the light curtain sensor being tilted at an angle toward the front of the vehicle, the angle being measured relative to a reference that is perpendicular to the ground; a washing unit that sprays water onto multiple top surfaces of the vehicle to wash the vehicle; and a height adjustment unit having one end coupled to the washing unit and configured to adjust the height of the washing unit according to the multiple height points as the vehicle is moved, the height adjustment unit being tilted at an angle corresponding to the angle of the light curtain sensor, the angle of the height adjustment unit being measured relative to a reference that is perpendicular to the ground.

[0015] In one embodiment, a brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle includes a wash unit configured to spray water onto the exterior of the vehicle to wash the vehicle, and a telescoping rail structure having one end coupled to the wash unit and configured to adjust the height of the wash unit by extending or retracting a plurality of rail stages included in the telescoping rail structure as the vehicle is moved, the telescoping rail structure being inclined at a predetermined angle away from the front of the vehicle, the predetermined angle being measured with respect to a reference perpendicular to the ground.

[0016] In one embodiment, a brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle includes a frame structure; a width adjustment unit configured to adjust a width of the brushless car wash system according to a width of the vehicle, the width adjustment unit including a plurality of base assemblies depending from the frame structure, the plurality of base assemblies configured to physically contact the vehicle to adjust the width of the brushless car wash system according to the width of the vehicle; and a washing unit mounted to the plurality of base assemblies and configured to spray water onto a plurality of sides of an exterior of the vehicle to wash the vehicle while the brushless car wash system is at the adjusted width.

[0017] In one embodiment, a brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle includes a width adjustment unit configured to adjust a width of the brushless car wash system according to a width of the vehicle, the width adjustment unit including a plurality of base assemblies suspended above the ground and configured to physically contact the vehicle to adjust the width of the brushless car wash system according to the width of the vehicle, and a washing unit mounted to the plurality of base assemblies and configured to spray water onto a plurality of sides of an exterior of the vehicle to wash the vehicle while the brushless car wash system is at the adjusted width.

[0018] In one embodiment, a brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle includes a frame structure, a width adjustment unit configured to adjust a width of the brushless car wash system according to a width of the vehicle, the width adjustment unit including a plurality of arms and a plurality of base assemblies depending from the frame structure via the plurality of arms, each of the plurality of arms including at least one bend, and a washing unit mounted to the plurality of base assemblies and configured to spray water onto a plurality of sides of an exterior of the vehicle to wash the vehicle when the brushless car wash system is at the adjusted width.

[0019] The features and advantages described herein are not all-inclusive, and in particular many additional features and advantages will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon consideration of the drawings, specification, and claims.Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in this specification has been selected primarily for ease of reading and explanatory purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or limit the subject matter of the invention. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a high level block diagram of a two stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a method flow diagram illustrating independently performed steps of a first wash stage and a second wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 3A] FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 3B] FIG. 2 illustrates a front view of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 3C] FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates a chemical arch included in a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 5A] 1 illustrates an optical sensor included in a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 5B] 1 illustrates sensing data of a vehicle according to an embodiment. [Figure 6A] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 6B] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 6C] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 6D] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 6E] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 6F] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 6G] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 6H] 1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system according to one embodiment. [Figure 7]1 illustrates the operation of a first wash stage of a two-stage brushless car wash system for washing the rear surface of a vehicle according to one embodiment. [Figure 8A] 11 illustrates a contracting operation of the extension unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 8B] 11 illustrates a contracting operation of the extension unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 8C] 11 illustrates a contracting operation of the extension unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 8D] 11 illustrates a contracting operation of the extension unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 8E] FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the extension unit according to one embodiment. [Figure 8F] FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a telescopic unit in an extended state according to an embodiment. [Figure 9A] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of components of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 9B] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of components of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 9C] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of components of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 9D] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of components of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 10A] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the shock absorbing unit of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 10B] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the shock absorbing unit of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 10C] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the shock absorbing unit of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 10D] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the shock absorbing unit of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 10E] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the shock absorbing unit of the extendable unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 13 is a detailed view of a mechanism for folding and extending the telescopic unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 12A] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the drum and wires for folding and extending the telescopic unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 12B] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the drum and wires for folding and extending the telescopic unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 12C] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the drum and wires for folding and extending the telescopic unit of the first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 13A] 2A-2D show various views of a washing unit of a first washing stage according to an embodiment; [Figure 13B] 2A-2D show various views of a washing unit of a first washing stage according to an embodiment; [Figure 13C] 2A-2D show various views of a washing unit of a first washing stage according to an embodiment; [Figure 13D] 2A-2D show various views of a washing unit of a first washing stage according to an embodiment; [Figure 14] 4 shows a cleaning unit of a first cleaning stage according to another embodiment. [Figure 15A] 1 shows various views of a safety device of a first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 15B] 1 shows various views of a safety device of a first cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 16A] 1 illustrates a reset device for a first cleaning stage in response to a collision between the first cleaning stage and a vehicle according to one embodiment. [Figure 16B] 1 illustrates a reset device for a first cleaning stage in response to a collision between the first cleaning stage and a vehicle according to one embodiment. [Figure 16C] 1 illustrates a reset device for a first cleaning stage in response to a collision between the first cleaning stage and a vehicle according to one embodiment. [Figure 17]FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the second wash stage of the two-stage brushless car wash system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 18A] 4 shows the operation of the second cleaning stage according to the first embodiment. [Figure 18B] 4 shows the operation of the second cleaning stage according to the first embodiment. [Figure 18C] 4 shows the operation of the second cleaning stage according to the first embodiment. [Figure 18D] 4 shows the operation of the second cleaning stage according to the first embodiment. [Figure 19] 13 shows a double bent arm of the second cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 20A] 13 illustrates the center of gravity of the double bend arm of the second cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 20B] 13 illustrates the center of gravity of the double bend arm of the second cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 20C] 13 illustrates a weight being added to a double bent arm to change the center of gravity of the double bent arm in accordance with one embodiment. [Figure 20D] 13 illustrates a weight being added to a double bent arm to change the center of gravity of the double bent arm in accordance with one embodiment. [Figure 21] 13 shows a single bending arm of the second cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 22A] 13 illustrates the motion path of components of the second cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 22B] 22B illustrates force vectors that move the second cleaning stage in the path shown in FIG. 22A according to one embodiment. [Figure 23A] FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the base assembly of the second cleaning stage according to the first embodiment. [Figure 23B] FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the base assembly of the second cleaning stage according to the first embodiment. [Figure 23C] FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the base assembly of the second cleaning stage according to the first embodiment. [Figure 24A] FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a base assembly according to the first embodiment. [Figure 24B] FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a base assembly according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 25] FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a second cleaning stage according to an embodiment. [Figure 26A] 1 illustrates a nozzle assembly of a second cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 26B] 1 illustrates a nozzle assembly of a second cleaning stage according to one embodiment. [Figure 27A] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the collision prevention unit of the second cleaning stage according to an embodiment. [Figure 27B] 4 illustrates the operation of a collision avoidance unit according to an embodiment. [Figure 27C] 4 illustrates the operation of a collision avoidance unit according to an embodiment. [Figure 28] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the second wash stage of the two-stage brushless car wash system according to the second embodiment. [Figure 29A] 11 shows the operation of a second cleaning stage according to the second embodiment. [Figure 29B] 11 shows the operation of a second cleaning stage according to the second embodiment. [Figure 29C] 11 shows the operation of a second cleaning stage according to the second embodiment. [Figure 30A] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the base assembly of the second cleaning stage according to the second embodiment. [Figure 30B] FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of the base assembly of the second cleaning stage according to the second embodiment. [Figure 31A] FIG. 13 shows a plan view of a base assembly of a second cleaning stage according to a second embodiment. [Figure 31B] FIG. 13 shows a plan view of a base assembly of a second cleaning stage according to a second embodiment. [Diagram 32] FIG. 2 is a detailed diagram of a controller for a two-stage brushless car wash system according to an embodiment. [Diagram 33] FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a controller according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The drawings depict embodiments of the invention for illustrative purposes only, and as those skilled in the art will readily appreciate from the following description, other embodiments of the structures and methods shown herein may be used without departing from the principles of the invention described herein.

[0022] 1 is a high-level block diagram of a two-stage brushless car wash system 100 (hereinafter "car wash system 100") according to one embodiment. Car wash system 100 is, in one example, a tunnel-based car wash system that washes the exterior of a vehicle 101 in multiple separate stages. Car wash system 100, in one embodiment, includes a first wash stage 103, a second wash stage 105, a conveyor 107, a controller 109, and a water supply system 109. In one embodiment, the first wash stage 103 washes the upper surface (e.g., top) of the vehicle 101, and the second wash stage 105 washes the sides of the vehicle 101. The first wash stage 103 and the second wash stage 105 are physically separated and independently controlled by the controller 109 to wash the exterior of the vehicle 101.

[0023] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a method illustrating the independently performed steps of a first wash stage 103 and a second wash stage 105 of a car wash system 100 for washing a vehicle 101 according to one embodiment. The car wash system 100 receives the vehicle 101 for washing (201). In one embodiment, the vehicle 101 is received as the vehicle 101 is propelled on a conveyor 107 included in the car wash system 100. The conveyor 107 transports the vehicle 101 at a predetermined speed along the car wash system 100 so that the vehicle 101 passes through the first wash stage 103 and subsequently through the second wash stage 105 for washing the exterior surface of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, the conveyor 107 transports the vehicle 101 through the car wash system 100 at a speed of 200-380 mm / s (7.8-14.9 in / s), resulting in approximately 120-180 vehicles being washed per hour. The conveyor 107 may transport the vehicles 101 at other speeds in different examples.

[0024] The car wash system 100 uses the first wash stage 103 to wash (202) an upper surface of the vehicle 101, such as the front, top, and rear of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, an example of a front surface of the vehicle 101 includes the front bumper, examples of a top surface of the vehicle 101 include the hood, front windshield, roof, rear windshield, truck bed, and top of the rear deck of the vehicle 101, and examples of a rear surface of the vehicle 101 include the rear of the rear deck and the rear bumper.

[0025] As described in more detail below, the first cleaning stage 103 is brushless, i.e., the first cleaning stage 103 includes a cleaning unit (e.g., a nozzle) that cleans the top surface of the vehicle 101 without the use of brushes. The first cleaning stage 103 does not clean the sides of the vehicle 101, as the second cleaning stage 105 cleans the sides of the vehicle 101, as described in more detail below.

[0026] To clean the top surface of the vehicle 101, the first cleaning stage 103 determines (205) a profile shape of the vehicle 101. The profile shape of the vehicle 101 describes various elevation points of the vehicle 101 along the length of the vehicle 101 according to one embodiment. The elevation points of the vehicle 101 included in the profile shape collectively describe the vertical shape of the front, top, and rear surfaces of the vehicle 101.

[0027] The first wash stage 103 applies (207) chemicals to the vehicle 101. The first wash stage 103 applies chemicals to a top surface of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, the first wash stage 103 may also apply chemicals to the sides of the vehicle 101. The chemicals applied to the top surface of the vehicle 101 are used by the front wash stage 103 to wash the top surface of the vehicle 101. The chemicals applied to the sides may be used by the second wash stage 105 to wash the sides of the vehicle 101. The chemicals may include, for example, soap or any other type of chemical used during a car wash. In one embodiment, the first wash stage 103 may apply different soaps to the vehicle 101, each having a different pH level.

[0028] After the chemicals are applied to the vehicle 101, the first cleaning stage 103 activates 209 the cleaning units of the first cleaning stage 103 to begin cleaning the vehicle 101 with water. The water sprayed by the cleaning units of the first cleaning stage 103 is used to clean the top surface of the vehicle 101. As the vehicle 101 moves along the first cleaning stage 103 by the conveyor 107, the first cleaning stage 101 adjusts 211 the height of the cleaning units according to the vertical profile shape of the vehicle 101 as the top surface of the vehicle 101 is cleaned. Thus, the cleaning units move according to the profile of the vehicle 101 to improve the cleaning performance of the first cleaning stage 103 as the cleaning units stay within a certain proximity (e.g., within a certain distance range) to the top surface of the vehicle.

[0029] As described in further detail below, by adjusting the height of the washing units of the first washing stage 103, the washing units can maintain a predetermined distance range (e.g., a certain proximity) from the top surface of the vehicle 101 to better wash the vehicle 101. By maintaining a predetermined distance range between the washing units and the top surface of the vehicle 101, the first washing stage 103 can remove more dirt, grime, and / or film from the top surface of the vehicle 101 while reducing the amount of water used during the washing process compared to conventional brushless tunnel car wash systems. Also, because the first washing stage 103 is brushless, damage to the paint of the vehicle 101 is at least reduced.

[0030] After the first cleaning stage 103 completes cleaning the top surface of the vehicle 101, the vehicle 101 exits the first cleaning stage 103 and the conveyor 107 transports the vehicle 101 to the second cleaning stage 105. As mentioned above, the second cleaning stage 105 washes (203) the sides of the vehicle 101 independently of the first cleaning stage 103 after the first cleaning stage 103 is completed. Examples of vehicle sides include the front and rear fenders, doors, side mirrors, driver and / or passenger windows, wheels, and sides of the front and rear bumpers.

[0031] In one embodiment, to wash the side of the vehicle 101 during the second washing stage 105, the width of the second washing stage 213 is adjusted (213) based on the width of the vehicle 101. After the width of the second washing stage 213 is adjusted, the washing units of the second washing stage are activated (215) to wash the side of the vehicle 101. By adjusting the width of the second washing stage 105, the washing units of the second washing stage 105 can maintain a predetermined distance range from the side of the vehicle 101 to better wash the side of the vehicle 101. Thus, the washing units of the second washing stage 105 can take into account the contour of the side of the vehicle 101. By maintaining a predetermined distance range between the washing units and the side of the vehicle 101, the second washing stage 105 can remove more dirt, grime, and / or smudges from the side of the vehicle 101 while reducing the amount of water used during the washing process compared to a conventional brushless tunnel car wash system.

[0032] In one embodiment, the water supply system 109 supplies water to the first scrubbing stage 103 and the second scrubbing stage 105. The water supplied by the water supply system 109 is pressurized at a predetermined pressure and heated to a predetermined temperature. In one embodiment, the water supply system 109 includes at least a boiler for heating and maintaining the water supplied to the first scrubbing stage 103 and the second scrubbing stage 105 at a predetermined temperature. The water supply system 109 may also include a pressure pump system for supplying water to the first scrubbing stage 103 and the second scrubbing stage 105 at a predetermined pressure (e.g., 1000 PSI). The water supply system 109 may be housed in a separate machine room from the first scrubbing stage 103 and the second scrubbing stage 105, or in the same room as the first scrubbing stage 103 and the second scrubbing stage 105.

[0033] Overview of the first cleaning stage 103 3A, 3B, and 3C, which show a perspective view, a front view, and a side view, respectively, of the first washing stage 103 of the car wash system 100 according to one embodiment. The first washing stage 103 includes an optical sensor 301, a frame 302, a water supply line 303, a telescopic unit 304, a motor 305, a washing unit 306, and a safety device 307, each of which are described in further detail below. The first washing stage 103 may have additional or fewer components than described herein in other examples.

[0034] In one embodiment, the optical sensor 301 is used in conjunction with the controller 109 to identify the profile of the vehicle 101. As previously described, the profile of the vehicle 101 includes a number of height points of the vehicle 101 measured along the length of the vehicle 101. Each height point represents the height of a portion of the vehicle. The height points included in the profile of the vehicle 101 are arranged in a sequence as seen by the optical sensor 301 to accurately describe the shape of the front, top, and rear of the vehicle 101.

[0035] In one embodiment, the optical sensor 301 may be positioned perpendicular to the ground (e.g., a straight ground surface). Alternatively, the optical sensor 301 may be tilted toward the front of the vehicle 101 at a predetermined angle θ, where the angle θ is measured from a reference 309 that is perpendicular to the ground. For example, the optical sensor 301 may be positioned at a predetermined angle range of 13-17 degrees from the reference 309. The optical sensor 301 may be angled to reduce the measurement distance between adjacent height points sensed by the optical sensor 103, as described further below.

[0036] In one embodiment, the optical sensor 301 is a light curtain sensor. The light curtain sensor includes multiple photoelectric beams. Each photoelectric beam emits light, shown as an individual light ray 308 in FIG. 3A. Each light ray 308 represents a particular height. When the vehicle 101 passes the light curtain sensor, the array of photoelectric beams senses intrusions into the detection plane of the light curtain sensor, and various height points of the vehicle 101 are sensed based on which photoelectric beams intrude. Based on the sensed points of intrusion communicated back to the controller 109, the controller 109 can determine various height points of the front, top, and rear of the vehicle 101 to generate a profile shape of the vehicle 101.

[0037] In another embodiment, the optical sensor 301 is a three-dimensional (3D) sensor. The 3D sensor is used to measure the dimensions of the vehicle 101 in three dimensions (e.g., x, y, and z dimensions) to generate a profile shape of the vehicle 101. The measured dimensions of the vehicle 101 include the height of the top surface of the vehicle 101.

[0038] In one embodiment, the 3D sensor includes at least two sensors (e.g., projected optical sensors) positioned toward the front of the vehicle 101. One sensor may be located on the driver's side of the vehicle 101 and a second sensor may be located on the passenger's side of the vehicle 101. As the vehicle 101 passes the sensors, each sensor shines light (e.g., a laser) on the vehicle 101 and measures the rear scattered light to determine the dimensions (e.g., height and / or width) of the vehicle 101.

[0039] Frame 302 is a structure used to support other components of the first cleaning stage, such as water supply line 303, telescopic unit 304, motor 305, cleaning unit 306, and safety device 307. Frame 302 includes a number of frame rails 302A-302D that collectively form frame 302D and provide mechanical support for water supply line 303, telescopic unit 304, and motor 305. Frame 302 may be made of metal, such as steel or aluminum, or other metals.

[0040] In one embodiment, frame 302 has a height of greater than 90 inches and a width of 134 inches to accommodate vehicles 101 that, in one embodiment, have a maximum height of 90 inches and a maximum width of 90 inches. However, frame 302 can have different dimensions depending on the size of the vehicle being washed.

[0041] The telescopic unit 304 adjusts the height of the cleaning unit 306, so that the telescopic unit 304 can be considered as a height adjustment unit. The telescopic unit 304 is a telescopic rail in one embodiment. The telescopic unit 304 is configured to contract or expand according to the contour shape of the vehicle 101 so as to maintain a predetermined distance range between the cleaning unit 306 and the upper surface of the vehicle 101 during the first cleaning stage 103. As shown in FIG. 3C, a portion 311 of the telescopic unit 304 is attached to the frame 302 using a mounting plate 313. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, the mounting plate 313 is attached to the frame rail 302D. The mounting plate 313 may be attached to the frame rail 302D using fasteners such as nuts and bolts, or the mounting plate 313 may be welded to the frame rail 302D.

[0042] As described in more detail below, the cleaning unit 306 may be a water manifold with a number of nozzles attached to it. The cleaning unit 306 is used to spray pressurized water onto the upper surface of the vehicle 101 to clean the vehicle 101. The cleaning unit 306 is attached to the ends 315A, 315B of the telescopic unit 304 as shown in FIG. 3B. As mentioned above, the cleaning unit 306 is maintained within a predetermined distance range between the upper surfaces of the vehicles 101 during the first cleaning stage to enhance cleaning performance.

[0043] The water supply line 303 supplies water provided by the water supply system 109 to the cleaning unit 306. The water supply line 303 may include a water supply line 303A and a water supply line 303B, each of which is disposed on one side of the telescopic unit 304, as shown in FIG. 3B. An end of each water supply line is attached to the cleaning unit 306. For example, an end 316A of the water supply line 303A is attached to the cleaning unit 306, and an end 316B of the water supply line 303B is attached to the cleaning unit 306.

[0044] The motor 305 is configured to rotate to retract or extend the telescopic unit 304 while the vehicle 101 is being washed during the first washing stage 103. The motor 305 is controlled by the controller 109 to retract or extend the telescopic unit 304 according to the contour shape of the vehicle 101 such that the washing unit 306 is maintained within a predetermined distance of the front, top and rear surfaces of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, the motor 305 is attached to the top end 317 of the telescopic unit 304.

[0045] The safety device 307 is configured to reduce damage to the vehicle 101 upon impact between the vehicle 101 and the safety device 307. The safety device 307 includes an impact absorbing material that absorbs the impact and reduces damage to the vehicle 101 upon impact. An impact may occur if the telescopic unit 304 is not properly retracted according to the contour shape of the vehicle 101.

[0046] In one embodiment, the safety device 307 includes multiple safety devices 307A and 307B. As described further below, the multiple safety devices are attached to the wash unit 306 such that each safety device surrounds a portion of the wash unit 306. The safety device 307A is positioned on the wash unit 306 to be on one side of the water supply line 303A (e.g., on the left side of the water supply line 303A) and the safety device 307B is positioned on the wash unit 306 to be on the other side of the water supply line 303B (e.g., on the right side of the water supply line 303B). Although the safety device 307 shown includes two safety devices, any number of safety devices may be used.

[0047] 4, the first wash stage 103 may also include a number of chemical arches 401. Generally, the chemical arches 401 are structures that spray chemicals onto the vehicle 101 during the washing process of the car wash system 100. The chemicals include, for example, soap.

[0048] In one embodiment, the chemical arch 401 applies detergent to the top surface of the vehicle 101. The chemical arch 401 can also apply detergent to the sides of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, each of the chemical arches 401A and 401B simultaneously sprays detergent onto the top and sides of the vehicle 101. The detergent applied to the top surface of the vehicle 101 is used by the first cleaning stage 103 to clean the top surface of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the detergent applied to the sides may be used by the second cleaning stage 105 to clean the sides of the vehicle 101. In some embodiments, the detergent sprayed by the first chemical arch 401A and the detergent sprayed by the second chemical arch 401B are the same. Alternatively, the detergent sprayed by the first chemical arch 401A and the detergent sprayed by the second chemical arch 401B are different. An example of a detergent is soap.

[0049] In one embodiment, chemical arch 401A applies a detergent with a first pH level to vehicle 101 and chemical arch 401B applies a detergent with a second pH level to vehicle 101. The first and second pH levels are different from one another in one embodiment, but may be the same in other embodiments.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 4, the chemical arch 401 is positioned between the optical sensor 301 and the frame 302. In one embodiment, the first chemical arch 401A is positioned at least 157 inches and up to 236 inches away from the optical sensor 301. In one embodiment, the distance between the chemical arch 401A and the chemical arch 401B may be different from the distance from one car wash to another. The distance between the chemical arches 401 can be based on different agents, such as, for example, the dwell time between different detergents applied by the chemical arch 401 and the speed of the conveyor 107. In one embodiment, an optical sensor different from the optical sensor 301 can be used to actuate the chemical arch 401.

[0051] Optical Sensor 301 FIG. 5A illustrates multiple height points of the vehicle 101 according to one embodiment. As previously described, the optical sensor 301 is used in communication with the controller 109 to identify contour shapes of the vehicle 101 that represent different height points of the vehicle 101. In FIG. 5A, dots 501 represent height points along one of the top surfaces of the vehicle 101. For example, dot 501A represents the height of the front of the vehicle (e.g., on the front bumper), dots 501B and 501D represent adjacent heights of the top surface of the vehicle 101 (e.g., on the hood), and dot 501C represents the height of the rear surface of the vehicle 101 (e.g., on the rear bumper). The optical sensor 301 and controller 109 can determine multiple height points along each of the front, top, and rear surfaces of the vehicle. FIG. 5B illustrates a graph 503 of height points of the vehicle 101 sensed by the optical sensor 301 and controller 109 over time. The different elevation points collectively represent the contour 505 of the top surface of the vehicle 101, as shown in FIG. 5B.

[0052] As previously mentioned, in embodiments where the optical sensor 301 is a light curtain sensor, the light curtain sensor may be positioned at an angle θ towards the front of the vehicle 101, as shown in FIG. 5A, where the angle θ is measured from a reference 309 that is perpendicular to the ground. To reduce the measurement distance between adjacent vehicle height points (e.g., heights 501B and 501D) measured using the optical sensor 301, the optical sensor 301 may be positioned at an angle range of 13-17 degrees from the reference 309. In one embodiment, the angle range of the optical sensor 301 is based on factors including the speed of the vehicle 101 through the car wash system 100 and the speed at which the telescopic unit 304 can be extended or retracted. In one embodiment, positioning the optical sensor 301 within an angular range of 13-17 degrees from the datum 309 is based on the assumption that the vehicle's travel speed is in the speed range of 200 mm / s-380 mm / s (e.g., 7.8 in / s-14.9 in / s) and that the telescopic unit 304 can retract / extend at a maximum speed of 1 m / s.

[0053] In general, the performance of the optical sensor 304 in measuring the height points of the vehicle 101 varies with the angle of the optical sensor 301, as shown in Table 1 below. The performance of the optical sensor 301 represents the distance between adjacent height points. In one embodiment, optimal performance of the first cleaning stage 103 occurs when the distance measured by the optical sensor 301 between adjacent height points is 1 meter or less, assuming that the telescopic unit 304 can telescope at a maximum speed of 1 m / s. [Table 1] In general, the distance between adjacent height points measured using the optical sensor 301 varies depending on the angle of the optical sensor 301. For example, by positioning the optical sensor 301 in an angular range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees, adjacent height points measured using the optical sensor 301 can be within 1 meter of each other, and heights before and after more than 1 meter can be measured. Therefore, the angular range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees for the optical sensor 301 is optimal when the maximum speed of the telescopic unit 304 is 1 m / s.

[0054] In contrast, positioning the optical sensor at an angle less than the 13-17 degree angle range, such as 0-12 degrees, increases the distance between adjacent height points on the front, top, and rear of the vehicle 101 compared to the distance between adjacent height points measured when the optical sensor 301 angle is within the 13-17 degree angle range. Also, because the optical sensor 301 can measure heights of 600 mm (23.6 in) or more, using an angle of 0-12 degrees is advantageous for recognizing the height of the front of the vehicle 101, but is disadvantageous for measuring the height of the rear of the vehicle 101.

[0055] Also, positioning the optical sensor at an angle greater than the angular range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees, such as 18 degrees to 20 degrees, reduces the distance between adjacent height points on the front, top, and rear of the vehicle 101 compared to the distance between adjacent height points measured when the angle of the optical sensor 301 is within the angular range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees. However, since the optical sensor 301 can measure heights in excess of 800 mm (31.5 inches), using an angle of 18 degrees to 20 degrees is advantageous for recognizing the height of the rear of the vehicle 101, but disadvantageous for measuring the height of the front of the vehicle 101. Thus, using an angular range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees for the optical sensor 301 provides the best performance for measuring the height of the front and rear of the vehicle 101 while reducing the distance between adjacent heights measured using the optical sensor 301.

[0056] Movement of the telescopic unit 6A-6H illustrate the operation of the first cleaning stage 103 of the washing system 100 for cleaning the front, top and rear of the vehicle 101 according to one embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 6A-6H illustrate how the height of the washing unit 306 is adjusted according to the vertical profile of the vehicle 101 by contracting or extending the telescopic unit 304. The height of the washing unit 306 is adjusted as the vehicle moves under the washing unit 306, so that the washing unit 306 is maintained within a predetermined distance range from the top surface of the vehicle 101, improving the washing efficiency. In one embodiment, the washing unit 306 is maintained within a predetermined distance range of 10-15 inches from the top surface of the vehicle 101 during the first cleaning stage 103 as the vehicle moves under the washing unit 306. By maintaining the wash unit 306 within a predetermined distance range, the temperature of the water output by the wash unit 306 can be within a predetermined temperature range (e.g., 110-140°F) when the water contacts the top surface of the vehicle 101, thereby improving washing performance in one embodiment.

[0057] FIG 6A shows the initial position of the washing unit 306. The motor 304 extends the telescopic unit 304 to position the washing unit 306 at a position associated with a first height included in the contour shape of the vehicle 101 to start washing the front surface 601 of the vehicle 101. In FIG 6B, the motor 305 retracts the telescopic unit 304 to raise the washing unit 306 according to the contour shape of the vehicle 101 as the washing unit continues to spray water to wash the front surface 601 of the vehicle 101. In FIG 6C, the motor 305 further retracts the telescopic unit 304, thereby raising the washing unit 306 to wash the top surface 603 (e.g., hood) of the vehicle 101. In Fig. 6D, the motor 305 again retracts the telescopic unit 304, thereby further raising the cleaning unit 306 to clean the top surface (e.g., roof) 603 of the vehicle 101, and the motor 305 maintains the height of the telescopic unit 304 across the roof of the vehicle 101 as shown in Fig. 6E. In Fig. 6F, the motor 305 extends the telescopic unit 304, thereby lowering the cleaning unit 306 to clean the top surface (e.g., bed) 603 of the vehicle, and the motor 305 maintains the height of the telescopic unit 304 across the bed of the vehicle as shown in Fig. 6F. The motor 305 further extends the telescopic unit 304 in Figs. 6G-6H to clean the rear surface 605 of the vehicle 601 as described with respect to Fig. 7.

[0058] 7 shows a detailed view of the first cleaning stage 103 when the rear surface 605 of the vehicle 101 is being cleaned. As shown in FIG. 7, the telescopic unit 304 is positioned at an angle within a predetermined angle range α with respect to a reference line 701 that is positioned perpendicular to the ground. In one embodiment, the telescopic unit 304 is at a predetermined angle within the angle range α while the telescopic unit 304 is not in contact with the vehicle 101. That is, the telescopic unit 304 remains at that angle for the duration of the first cleaning stage 103 as long as there is no contact between the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 7, the telescopic unit 304 is tilted toward the rear surface 605 of the vehicle 101 as the vehicle moves away from the first cleaning stage 103. By tilting the telescopic unit 304 toward the rear surface 605 at an angle α while cleaning the rear of the vehicle 101, the cleaning unit 306 can stay within a predetermined distance range from the rear surface 605 of the vehicle 101 for a certain duration as the vehicle 101 moves further away from the first cleaning stage 103. If the telescopic unit 304 was not tilted toward the rear of the vehicle 101 while cleaning the rear surface of the vehicle 101, the telescopic unit 304 would only move vertically (e.g., not horizontally) and the cleaning unit 306 would not be able to maintain a predetermined distance to the rear surface of the vehicle 101 as the vehicle 101 moves away from the first cleaning stage 103. This would result in insufficient cleaning of the rear surface of the vehicle 101.

[0060] However, since the telescopic unit 304 is tilted towards the rear face of the vehicle 101 at an angle α while cleaning the rear face, the cleaning unit 306 can remain within a predetermined distance range from the rear face 605 of the vehicle 101 for a duration of time until the vehicle 101 moves further away from the first cleaning stage 103. While cleaning the rear face of the vehicle 101, the tilted telescopic unit 304 moves in both horizontal and vertical directions as the telescopic unit 304 is extended due to the telescopic unit 304 being tilted at an angle α. Since the telescopic unit 304 moves in both horizontal and vertical directions as the telescopic unit 304 extends, the telescopic unit 304 enables the cleaning unit 304 to remain within a predetermined distance range from the rear of the vehicle 101 for a duration of time as the vehicle 101 moves further away from the first cleaning stage 103. That is, the first cleaning stage 103 follows the contour of the rear surface of the vehicle 101 as the vehicle 101 moves away from the first cleaning stage 103. Because the first cleaning stage 103 can follow the contour of the rear surface of the vehicle 101 as the vehicle moves away from the first cleaning stage 103, the rear surface of the vehicle 101 is more thoroughly cleaned compared to when the telescopic unit 304 moves only vertically while cleaning the rear surface of the vehicle 101.

[0061] In one embodiment, the telescopic unit 304 may be positioned at an angle within an angle range that coincides with the angle range of the optical sensor 301. That is, the telescopic unit 304 may be tilted at an angle within the same angle range as the optical sensor 301. For example, the telescopic unit 304 is positioned at an angle between 13 degrees and 17 degrees from the reference line 701, and the optical sensor 301 also has an angle range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees. In one embodiment, the telescopic unit 304 is tilted at the same angle as the optical sensor 301. For example, the telescopic unit 304 and the optical sensor 301 are both tilted at an angle of 15 degrees. However, in other embodiments, the telescopic unit 304 is positioned at an angle different from that of the optical sensor 301. For example, the telescopic unit 304 is positioned at an angle between 13 degrees and 17 degrees from the reference line 701, but the optical sensor 301 is not tilted (e.g., positioned perpendicular to the ground).

[0062] In one embodiment, the angle range of the telescopic unit 304 is set based on a variety of factors including a predetermined distance range from the washing unit 306 to the top surface of the vehicle 301, an initial position (e.g., initial height) of the washing unit 306, and the size of the safety device 307. In one embodiment, positioning the telescopic unit 304 within an angle range of 13-17 degrees from the datum 701 is based on the assumption that the washing unit 306 will be maintained within a predetermined distance range of 10-15 inches from the top surface of the vehicle 100, the initial position of the washing unit 306 above the ground is within a range of 480mm-520mm (e.g., 18.8in-20.5in), and the diameter of the safety device 307 is within a range of 280mm-320mm (e.g., 11in-12.6in).

[0063] The performance of the telescopic unit 304 varies depending on the angle of the telescopic unit 304, as shown in Table 2 below. [Table 2] Table 2 above describes the performance of the telescopic unit 304 when positioned at different angle ranges: 1) 0 degrees to 12 degrees, 2) 13 degrees to 17 degrees, and 3) 18 degrees to 20 degrees. The performance of the telescopic unit 304 is described in terms of different types of performance criteria, such as nozzle distance performance, collision performance, front wash performance, and rear wash performance. For each performance criteria type, each angle range is assigned a score of "excellent," "good," or "poor," as further described below.

[0064] In one embodiment, nozzle distance performance describes how well the end of the nozzle of the washing unit 306 can stay within a predetermined water nozzle distance range (e.g., 250mm to 300mm) to the top surface of the vehicle 101 when the telescopic unit 304 is positioned at a given angle range. Note that the predetermined water nozzle distance range of 250mm to 300mm (e.g., 9.8 to 11.8 inches) is the range used to test various telescopic unit 304 angles. However, in one embodiment, the optimal water nozzle distance range for washing performance between the washing unit 306 and the top surface of the vehicle 101 is 10 to 15 inches.

[0065] Generally, the nozzle of the wash unit 306 is positioned as close as possible to the top surface of the vehicle 101 without touching the vehicle. In one embodiment, a score of "excellent" indicates that the wash unit 306 is maintained at the lower end of a predetermined water nozzle distance range (e.g., 250 mm), while a score of "good" indicates that the wash unit 306 is maintained at a distance corresponding to the center of the range (e.g., 275 mm). A score of "poor" indicates that the wash unit 306 is located at a distance from the top surface of the vehicle 101 that is outside the predetermined water nozzle distance range. In one embodiment, a nozzle distance performance score of "good" or "excellent" is considered acceptable performance, while a score of "poor" is unacceptable performance.

[0066] As shown in Table 2, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 13-17 degrees resulted in "good" nozzle distance performance, while positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 0-12 degrees resulted in "excellent" nozzle distance performance. In contrast, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 18-20 degrees resulted in "poor" nozzle distance performance.

[0067] In one embodiment, crash performance describes the likelihood (e.g., risk) of a collision between the front, top, and rear of the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101. With respect to crash performance, a score of "excellent" indicates that an impact is unlikely to occur between the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101, and a score of "good" indicates that an impact may occur between the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101, while a score of "poor" indicates that a collision between the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101 is likely. In one embodiment, a crash performance score of "good" or "excellent" is considered acceptable performance, while a score of "poor" is unacceptable performance.

[0068] As shown in Table 2, positioning the telescopic unit 304 in an angle range of 13-17 degrees resulted in an "excellent" crash performance indicating that a collision is unlikely to occur between the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101, whereas positioning the telescopic unit 304 in an angle range of 0-12 degrees resulted in a "good" crash performance. Since the angle range of 0-12 degrees resulted in a "good" crash performance, there is still a risk of contact between the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101. As shown in Table 2, positioning the telescopic unit 304 in an angle range of 18-20 degrees resulted in a "poor" performance indicating that there is a high possibility of contact between the telescopic unit 304 and the vehicle 101.

[0069] In one embodiment, the front washing performance represents the efficiency of front washing of the front of the vehicle 101 using the first washing stage 103. The front washing efficiency relates to how much of the front of the vehicle is washed. For front washing performance, a score of "excellent" indicates that almost all of the front of the vehicle is washed, and a score of "good" indicates that most of the front of the vehicle 101 is washed. Meanwhile, a score of "poor" indicates that most of the front of the vehicle is not washed after the first washing stage 101 has been washed. In one embodiment, a front performance score of "good" or "excellent" is considered acceptable performance, while a score of "poor" is unacceptable performance.

[0070] As shown in Table 2, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 13-17 degrees provided a "good" front face washing performance in that a majority of the front face of the vehicle 101 was washed. Similarly, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 0-12 degrees provided an "excellent" front face washing performance in that almost the entire front face of the vehicle 101 was washed. As shown in Table 2, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 18-20 degrees provided a "poor" performance, indicating that a majority of the front face of the vehicle 101 was not washed after washing by the first washing stage 101.

[0071] In one embodiment, rear wash performance refers to rear wash efficiency of the rear of the vehicle 101 using the first wash stage 103. Rear wash efficiency relates to how well the rear of the vehicle is washed. For rear wash performance, a score of "excellent" indicates that almost all of the rear of the vehicle is washed, a score of "good" indicates that most of the rear of the vehicle 101 is washed, while a score of "poor" indicates that most of the rear of the vehicle is not washed after the first wash stage 101 has been washed. In one embodiment, a rear performance score of "good" or "excellent" is considered acceptable performance, while a score of "poor" is unacceptable performance.

[0072] As shown in Table 2, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees resulted in a "good" cleaning performance in that a majority of the rear surface of the vehicle 101 was cleaned. Due to the telescopic unit 304's angle range of 13 degrees to 17 degrees, the cleaning unit 306 is able to clean a majority of the rear surface of the vehicle 101 as it moves away from the front cleaning stage 101. In contrast, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 0 degrees to 12 degrees resulted in a "poor" rear cleaning performance in that a majority of the front surface of the vehicle 101 was not cleaned. Due to the shallow angle of the telescopic unit 304 when positioned at an angle range of 0 degrees to 12 degrees, the cleaning unit 306 is unable to properly clean the rear surface of the vehicle 101 as it moves away from the front cleaning stage 101 due to the telescopic unit 304 moving vertically instead of horizontally. Since the telescopic unit 304 moves mostly vertically, the washing unit 306 cannot stay within a predetermined distance to the rear of the vehicle 101 as the vehicle 101 moves away from the first washing stage 103. Finally, positioning the telescopic unit 304 at an angle range of 18 degrees to 20 degrees provided an "excellent" rear washing performance in that most of the rear of the vehicle 101 was washed during the first washing stage 101. Due to the large angle, the washing unit 306 can wash almost all of the rear of the vehicle 101 as the vehicle 101 moves away from the first washing stage 101 because the telescopic unit 304 moves both horizontally and vertically as it extends to wash the rear of the vehicle 101.

[0073] As shown in Table 2, generally, as the angle range of the telescopic unit 304 decreases, the likelihood of collision decreases, while the overall cleaning performance (e.g., front and rear cleaning performance) also decreases. In contrast, as the angle range of the telescopic unit 304 increases, the overall cleaning efficiency (e.g., front and rear cleaning performance) increases, but at the expense of reduced collision performance. The 13-17 degree angle range of the telescopic unit 304 provides the best balance of different types of performance criteria, such as nozzle distance performance, collision performance, front cleaning performance, and rear cleaning performance.

[0074] Telescopic unit 304 8A-8D show detailed views of the stages of the telescopic unit 304 according to an embodiment. Note that the state of the telescopic unit 304 is between the different states of the telescopic unit 304 shown in FIG. 8A-8D. In an embodiment, the telescopic unit 304 includes a plurality of rail stages 801A, 801B, 801C, and 801D. For example, the rail stage 801A is a first rail stage, the rail stage 801B is a second rail stage, the rail stage 801C is a third rail stage, and the rail stage 801D is a fourth rail stage. In an embodiment, the telescopic unit 304 is foldable such that the rail stages 801B-801D can be folded to fit into the rail stage 801A, as described below. The rail stage 801 may be made of aluminum, for example, but other materials may be used.

[0075] 8A shows the telescopic unit 304 in a fully extended state. In the fully extended state, each rail stage 801 is fully extended to protrude as far as possible from the rail stage in front of it. In the fully extended state, the telescopic unit 304 is at its maximum possible length. In the fully extended state of the telescopic unit 304, rail stage 801D is fully extended from rail stage 801C, which is fully extended from rail stage 801B, which is fully extended from rail stage 801A.

[0076] 8B shows the telescopic unit 304 in a first intermediate state. In the first intermediate state, the last rail stage 801D is folded into the previous rail stage 801C. In the first intermediate state, the rail stage 801D is housed within the previous rail stage 801C, and the rail stage 801C and the rail stage 801B are fully extended from their respective previous rail stages. For example, the rail stage 801C is fully extended from the rail stage 801B, and the rail stage 801B is fully extended from the rail stage 801A.

[0077] FIG. 8C shows the telescopic unit 304 in a second intermediate state. In the second intermediate state, the last rail stage 801D is folded into its previous rail stage 801C, and the third rail stage 801C is folded into its previous rail stage 801B. In the second intermediate state, the rail stage 801C is housed in its previous rail stage 801B, and the rail stage 801B is fully extended from its respective previous rail stage. For example, the rail stage 801B is fully extended from the rail stage 801A. Since the last rail stage 801D is folded into the rail stage 801C from the first intermediate stage, the last rail stage 801D is also folded into the rail stage 801B, and the rail stage 801C is folded into the rail stage 801B.

[0078] FIG. 8D shows the telescopic unit 304 in a fully folded state. In the fully folded state, the telescopic unit 304 has the shortest possible length. As shown in FIG. 8D, in the fully folded state, the second rail stage 801B is folded into the previous rail stage 801A (e.g., the first rail stage). Both the rail stage 801D and the rail stage 801C are folded into the rail stage 801B in the second intermediate state, so that in the fully folded state, the rail stages 801D, 801C, and 801B are all housed within the rail stage 801A.

[0079] 8E shows a plan view of each of the rail stages 801A-801D according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8E, each of the rail stages 801A-801D includes a plurality of vertical side surfaces 802 arranged along a first direction (e.g., Y direction) and a plurality of horizontal side surfaces 803 arranged along a second direction (e.g., X direction). For example, the plurality of vertical side surfaces 802 of each of the rail stages 801A-801D includes a vertical side surface 802A and a vertical side surface 802B opposite to the vertical side surface 802A. Furthermore, the plurality of horizontal side surfaces 803 of each of the rail stages 801A-801D includes, for example, a horizontal side surface 803A, a horizontal side surface 803B, and a horizontal side surface 803B spaced apart from each other.

[0080] Each rail stage 801A-801D includes an outer width A measured from the outer edge 805A of vertical side 802A to the outer edge 805B of vertical side 802B of the respective rail stage 801, and an inner width B measured from the inner edge 807A of vertical side 802A to the inner edge 807B of vertical side 802B of the respective rail stage. As shown in FIG. A, for each rail stage, the outer width A is greater than the inner width B.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 8E, the rail stage 801A is the widest rail stage of all the rail stages, considering that the rail stages 801B-801D are configured to be accommodated within the rail stage 801A when the telescopic unit 304 is fully folded. That is, the rail stage 801A has the widest width A of all the rail stages 801A-801D. Each subsequent rail stage following the rail stage 801A has a smaller width A than the rail stage preceding it. For example, the outer width A of the rail stage 801B is smaller than the outer width A of the rail stage 801A, but is larger than the outer width A of the rail stage 801C and the rail stage 801D. The outer width A of the rail stage 801C is wider than the outer width A of the rail stage 801D, but is smaller than the outer width A of the rail stage 801B and the outer width A of the rail stage 801A. Finally, the outer width A of the rail stage 801D is smaller than the outer width A of each of the rail stages 801A-801C.

[0082] In one embodiment, the outer width A of each rail stage except rail stage 801A is smaller than the inner width B of the rail stage immediately preceding the given rail stage. This allows each rail stage except rail stage 801A to fit within the preceding rail stage when the telescopic unit 304 is folded. For example, the outer width A of rail stage 801B is smaller than the inner width B of rail stage 801A so that rail stage 801B can fit within rail stage 801A when the telescopic unit 304 is folded. Similarly, the outer width A of rail stage 801C is smaller than the inner width B of rail stage 801B so that rail stage 801C can fit within rail stage 801B when the telescopic unit 304 is folded. Finally, the outer width A of rail stage 801D is smaller than the inner width B of rail stage 801C so that rail stage 801D can fit within rail stage 801C when the telescopic unit 304 is folded.

[0083] FIG. 8F illustrates a perspective view of the telescoping unit 304 according to one embodiment. When fully extended, the telescoping unit 304 has a length C of 266-267 inches according to one embodiment. However, other lengths for length C may be used. The rail stages each have a length E (e.g., lengths E1, E2, E3, and E4). In one embodiment, rail stage 801A is the longest rail stage having a length E1 of 89 inches. The remaining rail stages 801B-801D have the same length E, which in one embodiment is 59 inches. In other embodiments, rail stages 801B-801D have different lengths or the same length.

[0084] In one embodiment, each rail stage 801 has a thickness D. Rail stage 801A has the largest thickness D (e.g., thicknesses D1, D2, D3, and D3) of all rail stages 801. The thickness D4 of each rail stage 801 following rail stage 801A decreases such that the thickness D of a given rail stage is smaller than the preceding rail stage. For example, the thickness D2 of rail stage 801B is smaller than the thickness D1 of rail stage 801A. Similarly, the thickness D3 of rail stage 801C is smaller than the thickness D2 of rail stage 801B. Finally, the thickness D4 of rail stage 801D is smaller than the thickness D3 of rail stage 801C.

[0085] 9A-9D, components of a rail stage 801 according to one embodiment are shown. The components of the rail stage 801 shown in FIG. 9A-9D are applicable to all rail stages 801. In one embodiment, each vertical side 802 of each rail stage 801 except rail stage 801A includes a plurality of side rollers 902 disposed at one end (e.g., the top end) of the rail stage 801. FIG. 9A shows that the vertical side 802 of rail stage 801B includes a first side roller 902A and a second side roller 902B. The side rollers 902 of each rail stage 801 are attached to the outer edge 805 of the rail stage 801. Specifically referring to FIG. 9C, each side roller 902 is attached to the outer surface 805 of its respective rail stage 801 using fasteners such as nuts 909 and bolts 907.

[0086] Thus, each rail stage 801, except rail stage 801A, may include a total of four side rollers 901, with two side rollers mounted on the outer edge 805 of each vertical side 802 of the rail stage 801. Having four side rollers 901 reduces the chance of the telescopic unit 304 vibrating while being folded or extended. In one embodiment, the side rollers 902 are made of nylon, although other materials may be used. The diameter of the side rollers 901 is, for example, 1 inch, but may be other diameters.

[0087] Additionally, in one embodiment, both vertical sides 802A and 802B of each rail stage 801 include a slot 901 extending along the length of each vertical side 802, as shown in FIG. 9A. The side rollers 902 of a given rail stage are disposed within the slots 901 of the rail stage preceding the given rail stage. For example, assuming FIG. 9A shows the side rollers 902 of rail stage 801B, the side rollers 902 are disposed within the slots 901 of rail stage 801A. The combination of the side rollers 902 and the slots 901 on the rail stages limits the direction in which the telescopic unit 304 can move toward the slots 901 during extension or retraction of the telescopic unit 304.

[0088] In one embodiment, each vertical side 802 of each rail stage 801 includes one or more cam rollers 903. The cam rollers 903 of each rail stage 801 are disposed at at least one end of the rail stage 801. The cam rollers 903 may be disposed at both the upper and lower ends of the rail stage 801, or may be disposed at only one end of the rail stage. FIG. 9A shows that the vertical side 802 of the rail stage 801A includes a cam roller 903 disposed in a notch 905 formed at a corner of the lower end of the vertical side 802 of the rail stage 801A. The cam roller 903 protrudes from the notch 905 of the vertical side 802 of the rail stage 801A in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface 805 of the vertical side 802 of the rail stage 801A. As shown in FIGURE 9C, the cam roller 903 includes a threaded end 911 that screws into a hole formed in a notch 905 in the vertical side 902 to attach the cam roller 903 to the vertical side 902 of the rail stage 801. The diameter of the cam roller 903 is, for example, 1.4 inches, although other diameters may be used. It is noted that the cam roller 903 may be made of nylon, although other materials may be used.

[0089] In one embodiment, the cam rollers 903 of each rail stage 801 contact the outer surface 805 of the following rail stage 801. For example, the cam rollers 903 of rail stage 801A contact the outer surface 805 of rail stage 801B as shown in FIG. 9A. The use of the cam rollers 903 improves the smooth movement of the telescopic unit 304 as the rail stages 801 are folded and extended. The cam rollers 903 also help guide each rail stage 801 in the proper direction as the rail stages 801 are folded and extended. In one embodiment, assuming that the cam rollers 903 and side rollers 902 are made of nylon and the rail stage 801 is made of aluminum, wear on the rollers 902, 903 and rail stage 801 is reduced, thereby extending the time between part replacement of the telescopic unit 304.

[0090] As the telescopic unit 304 transitions between the folded and extended states, the different rail stages 801 of the telescopic unit 304 collide with each other. The collision between the different rail stages 801 creates shocks that can damage the telescopic unit 304. In one embodiment, each rail stage 801 of the telescopic unit 304 includes one or more shock mitigation units 1000 as shown in FIGS. 10A-10E to reduce damage to the different rail stages 801 as the telescopic unit 304 is telescopic.

[0091] In one embodiment, the shock absorbing unit 1000B at the upper end of the rail stage 801 includes a shock absorbing block 1001. In one embodiment, the shock absorbing block 1001 is made of a shock absorbing material used for shock absorbing, such as urethane, but other materials may be used. The shock absorbing block 1001 is attached to the uppermost horizontal side surface 803 of the rail stage 801 as shown in FIG. 10A. The shock absorbing block 1001 is made of a material that is more elastic than the uppermost horizontal side surface 803 of the rail stage. The width of the shock absorbing block 1001 may be the same as the width of the uppermost horizontal side surface 803 of the rail stage 801, or may be smaller.

[0092] In one embodiment, the shock mitigation unit 1000A at the bottom of the rail stage 801 includes a shock absorber 1003 and a plurality of shock mitigation pads 1005. In one embodiment, the shock absorber 1003 may be located (e.g., in the center) between the ends of the lowermost horizontal side 803 of the rail stage as shown in FIG. 10A. The plurality of shock mitigation pads 1005 may include a first shock mitigation pad 1005A mounted on one side (e.g., the left side) of the shock absorber 1003 and a second shock mitigation pad 1005B mounted on the other side (e.g., the right side) of the shock absorber 1003. The plurality of shock mitigation pads 1005 are mounted on the lowermost horizontal side 803 of the rail stage. The plurality of shock mitigation pads 1005 are formed of a material that is more elastic than the lowermost horizontal side 803 of the rail stage. For example, the shock mitigation pads 1005 may be made of urethane, but may also be other materials.

[0093] In one embodiment, the middle rail stages 801B-801C may include shock mitigation unit 1000A at the top of the rail stage and shock mitigation unit 1000B at the bottom of the rail stage 801. In contrast, the end rail stages 801A and 801D may include one of shock mitigation units 1000A or 1000B. For example, the rail stage 801A may include shock mitigation unit 1000B at the bottom of the rail stage 801A without having a shock mitigation unit 1000 at the top of the rail stage, and the rail stage 801D may include shock mitigation unit 1000A at the top of the rail stage 801D without having a shock mitigation unit 1000B at the bottom of the rail stage 801D.

[0094] 10B and 10C show the use of the shock mitigation unit 1000B when the telescopic unit 304 is folded according to one embodiment. FIG. 10B shows the shock mitigation unit 1000B of the rail stage 801. The shock mitigation unit 1000B includes a shock mitigation block 1001. FIG. 10C shows that the shock mitigation unit 1000B mitigates the shock between two adjacent rail stages 801 when the telescopic unit 304 is folded. In FIG. 10C, the shock mitigation block 1001 reduces the amount of shock between the adjacent rail stages when the shock mitigation block 1001 contacts the horizontal side surface 803 of the adjacent rail stage. The shock mitigation block 1001 is formed of a material (e.g., urethane) that is more elastic than the horizontal side surface 803 of the adjacent rail stage, so that the shock mitigation block 1001 mitigates the shock between the adjacent rail stages when the rail stages contact each other.

[0095] 10D and 10E show the use of the shock mitigation unit 1000A when the telescopic unit 304 is extended according to one embodiment. FIG. 10D and 10E show the shock mitigation unit 1000A of the rail stage 801. The shock mitigation unit 1000A has a shock absorber 1003 and a number of shock mitigation pads 1005. In one embodiment, the telescopic unit 304 can extend at a faster rate than it can fold at a given gravity. Therefore, the shock absorber 1003 can be used to protect the telescopic unit 304 from damage during extension.

[0096] 10D and 10E show that the shock mitigation unit 1000B mitigates the shock between two adjacent rail stages 801 when the telescopic unit 304 is extended. In FIG. 10D and 10E, the shock absorber 1003 first contacts the horizontal side 803 of the adjacent rail stage when the telescopic unit 304 is extended. The shock absorber 1003 slows down the speed at which the two rail stages contact. A plurality of shock mitigation pads 1005 contact the horizontal side 803 of the adjacent rail stage to further mitigate the impact of the collision between the adjacent rail stages and reduce damage to the telescopic unit 304 during the extension of the telescopic unit 304.

[0097] 11 shows a detailed view of the mechanism for contracting and folding the telescopic unit of the first cleaning stage 103 according to one embodiment. As previously described, the first cleaning stage includes a motor 305 connected to the telescopic unit 304. The first cleaning stage 103 also includes a wire 319 having a first end connected to the drum 321 (shown in FIG. 12) and a second end connected to the telescopic unit 304. In one embodiment, the second end of the wire 319 is connected to the lowermost horizontal side 803 of the last rail stage 801D.

[0098] In one embodiment, the telescopic unit 304 folds or extends as a result of the motor 305 raising or lowering the wire 319, respectively, via the drum 321 according to the profile of the vehicle 101. The controller 109 uses the vertical profile of the vehicle 101 to control the amount that the motor 305 rotates to raise or lower the wire 319 to obtain various height points represented in the vertical profile of the vehicle 101. As will be further described below, in one embodiment, a lookup table may be stored that converts the number of rotations required by the motor 305 to obtain an amount of vertical movement that maps to a particular height point in the vertical profile of the vehicle 101.

[0099] For example, assuming that the telescopic unit 304 is in a fully extended state or an intermediate state between a fully extended state and a fully folded state, when the motor 305 raises the wire 319, each of the multiple rail stages 801 of the telescopic unit 304 is raised to be accommodated within the adjacent rail stage as described above. The multiple rail stages 801 can be raised by the motor 305 and the wire 319 until the telescopic unit 304 is in a fully folded state or an intermediate state between a fully folded state and a fully extended state.

[0100] Conversely, assuming the telescopic unit 304 is in a fully folded state or an intermediate state between the fully folded state and the fully extended state, the multiple rail stages 801 of the telescopic unit 304 will extend as the motor 305 lowers the wire 319. The multiple rail stages 801 can be lowered by the motor 305 and the wire 319 until the telescopic unit 304 is in a fully extended state or an intermediate state between the fully folded state or the fully extended state.

[0101] In one embodiment, the motor 305 applies only a vertical force to the wire 319 to retract or extend the telescopic unit 304. That is, the motor 305 applies a force to the wire 319 in a vertical direction, but not in a horizontal direction, to retract or extend the telescopic unit 304. However, if the telescopic unit 304 is positioned at an angle, the telescopic unit 304 moves in both vertical and horizontal directions depending on the vertical force applied by the motor 305 when retracting the telescopic unit 304 or extending the telescopic unit 304.

[0102] In one embodiment, wire 319 is formed from a flexible material such as a high modulus polyethylene (e.g., ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)) commonly used in marine applications (e.g., boats). However, other embodiments may use materials other than UHMWPE. Wire 319 may have a thickness of 0.3 inches and, in one embodiment, is 165 inches in length. However, other wire thicknesses and lengths may be used in other embodiments.

[0103] 12A, 12B, and 12C show detailed views of a drum 321 and wires 319 for extending and retracting the telescoping rails 304 of the first cleaning stage 103 according to one embodiment. With reference to FIG. 12A, the first cleaning stage 101 further includes a drum 321. The drum 321 may be formed from nylon and may have a diameter of, for example, 7.8 inches. Other materials and sizes of the drum 321 may be used in other embodiments.

[0104] In one embodiment, the drum 321 is coupled to the motor 304, and one end of the wire 319 is connected to the drum 321. As the motor 304 rotates, the drum 321 also rotates, thereby winding the wire 319 around the drum 321 or unwinding the wire 319 from the drum 321. For example, when the drum 321 rotates clockwise, the telescopic rail 304 folds as the wire 319 winds around the drum 321. When the drum 321 rotates counterclockwise, the telescopic rail 304 unwinds the wire 319 from around the drum 321 by extending.

[0105] 12B and 12C are cross-sectional views of the drum 321 along line A-A' according to one embodiment. In one embodiment, the drum 321 includes a number of grooves 1201. When the wire 319 is wrapped around the drum 321, the wire 319 is disposed within the number of grooves 1201. In one embodiment, the diameter of the wire 319 is greater than the depth of the number of grooves 1201. This reduces the chance of the wire 319 breaking as the light 319 is wound onto or unwound from the drum 321.

[0106] Cleaning Unit 306 13A-13D show detailed views of the wash unit 306. In one embodiment, the wash unit 306 includes a front manifold 306A and a rear manifold 306B. The front manifold 306A is a chamber that contains water used to wash the front and top surfaces of the vehicle 101, and the rear manifold 306B is a chamber that contains water used to wash the rear surface of the vehicle 101. The front and rear manifolds 306A, 306B may be formed from a metal, such as stainless steel, although other materials may be used.

[0107] FIG. 13A shows a perspective view of the cleaning unit 306 in one embodiment, and FIG. 13B shows a side view of the cleaning unit 306. As shown in FIG. 13A, the front manifold 306A and the rear manifold 306B have a pipe shape. The length of the front and rear manifolds 306 is 63 inches with a diameter of 1 inch in one embodiment. In one embodiment, the front manifold 306A and the rear manifold 306B are attached to the lower end of the last rail stage 801D of the telescopic unit 304. The front manifold 306A and the rear manifold 306B may be attached to the end of the rail stage 801 using couplers 1303A and 1303B. The couplers 13013 are disposed on each side of the end of the last rail stage 801D and surround at least a portion of the front manifold 306A and the rear manifold 306B as shown in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B.

[0108] In one embodiment, the front manifold 306A includes an input port 1301A connected to the water supply line 303A. The input port 1301A supplies the water provided by the water supply line 303A to the front manifold 306A. The rear manifold 306B has an input port 1301B connected to the water supply line 303B. The input port 1301B supplies the water provided by the water supply line 303B to the rear manifold 306B.

[0109] The front manifold 306A sprays water provided by the water supply line 303A using a number of nozzles 1305 as shown in FIG. 13C. As previously described, the front manifold 306A is used to wash the front and top surface of the vehicle 101 until the front and top surface no longer overlaps the front manifold 306A. In one embodiment, the nozzles 1305 are equally spaced apart from each other. For example, each nozzle 1305 may be 10.2 inches away from an adjacent nozzle 1305. Other distance spacing between the nozzles may be used. In one embodiment, the water sprayed from each nozzle 1305 forms an overlap 1309 with the water sprayed by the adjacent nozzle 1305. The overlap 1309 of the sprayed water increases the efficiency of washing the front and top surface of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, the overlap 1309 of the water sprayed by adjacent nozzles 1305 is 1.5 inches.

[0110] The rear manifold 306B uses multiple nozzles 1307 to spray water provided by the water supply line 303B. As previously described, the rear manifold 306B is used to wash the rear top and back of the vehicle 101 while the rear top and back overlaps the rear manifold 306B. The nozzles 1307 of the rear manifold 306B and the nozzles 1305 of the front manifold 306A are interdependently controlled to wash the front, top, and back of the vehicle 101 as described below. In one embodiment, the nozzles 1307 are equally spaced apart from each other as are the nozzles 1305. For example, each nozzle 1307 may be 10.2 inches away from an adjacent nozzle 1307. Other distance spacing between the nozzles 1307 may be used. In one embodiment, the water sprayed from each nozzle 1307 forms an overlap 1311 with the water sprayed by the adjacent nozzles 1307. The overlapping of the jets of water 1311 increases the efficiency of cleaning the rear surface of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, the overlap 1311 of water jetted by adjacent nozzles 1307 is 1.5 inches.

[0111] 13D illustrates the angle of the nozzles 1305 of the front manifold 306A and the nozzles 1307 of the rear manifold 306B relative to a reference line 1313 parallel to the ground according to one embodiment. In one embodiment, the angle 1315 of the nozzles 1305 is less than the angle 1317 of the nozzles 1307. For example, the nozzles 1305 of the front manifold 306A are angled 5 degrees above the reference line 1313 and the nozzles 1307 of the rear manifold 306B are angled 60 degrees below the reference line 1313. The placement of the nozzles 1305 and 1307, in combination with maintaining the nozzles 1305 and 1307 within a predetermined distance range of the front, top, and rear of the vehicle 101, provides the most effective cleaning. It is noted that the angles of the nozzles 1305, 1307 are exemplary and other angles may be used in other embodiments.

[0112] FIG. 14 illustrates another embodiment of the cleaning unit 306. In the embodiment of FIG. 14, the cleaning unit 306 includes a tilting device 1405, a water manifold 1401, and a nozzle 1403 according to an embodiment. In FIG. 14, the cleaning unit 306 includes a single manifold instead of two water manifolds as described in the embodiment of FIG. 14. In one embodiment, a set of nozzles 1403 rotates around the axis of the water manifold 1401 depending on whether the front, top, or rear of the vehicle is being cleaned. That is, the nozzles 1403 rotate between position A and position B, allowing the angle of the nozzles 1403 to be changed depending on which part of the vehicle 101 is being cleaned. The angle of the water manifold 1401 is changed by the tilting device 1405. The tilting device 1405 may include a gear that rotates to change the rotation of the nozzles 1403 between position A and position B.

[0113] Safety Device 307 15A shows a detailed view of the safety device 307 according to one embodiment. As mentioned above, the safety device 307 includes the safety device 307A in a first portion of the washing unit 306 and the safety device 307B in a second portion of the washing unit 306 such that the safety device 307A and the safety device 307B are spaced apart from each other. The safety device 307 reduces damage to the vehicle 101 in case of an impact between the telescopic unit 305 and the vehicle 101 due to the safety device 307 and the material of the safety device 307 rolling along the top surface of the vehicle 101 upon contact between the safety device 307 and the vehicle 101.

[0114] 15B shows an exploded view of safety device 307. In one embodiment, safety device 307A and safety device 307B each include a housing 1501, a damage mitigation device 1503, a cover 1505, a bushing 1507, and a bracket 1509. Housing 1501 serves as a frame for safety device 307A. All components of safety device 307B attach to housing 1501.

[0115] The housing 1501, in one embodiment, includes a groove 1511. The trauma mitigation device 1503 is disposed within the groove 1511 of the housing 1501. As shown in FIG. 15B, in one embodiment, the trauma mitigation device 1503 has a ring shape with a curved surface. Due to the curved surface of the trauma mitigation device 1503, the groove 1511 also has a curved surface that corresponds to the curvature of the trauma mitigation device 1503 to ensure a snug fit of the trauma mitigation device 1503 within the groove 1511; The damage mitigation device 1503 is formed from a resilient material to reduce damage to the vehicle 101 upon contact between the safety device 307 and the vehicle 101. The damage mitigation device 1503 is formed from an impact absorbing material such as, for example, Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM). In one embodiment, in the event of contact, the only portion of the safety device 307 that contacts the vehicle is the damage mitigation device 1503. Damage to the vehicle 101 is reduced due to the impact absorption by the damage mitigation device 1503 and the rolling of the safety device 307 while the safety device 307 is in contact with the vehicle 101.

[0116] In one embodiment, the bushing 1507 is inserted into a hole in the center of the housing 1501. The bushing 1507 may be, for example, a sleeve bearing. The bracket 1509 is inserted into the bushing 1507 such that the bracket 1509 is disposed on one side (e.g., the left side) of the housing 1501. The bracket 1509 includes a number of holes 1513 that align with holes 1515 in the housing 1501 and holes 1517 in the cover 1505. The cover 1505 is inserted into the other side (e.g., the right side) of the housing 1501. Fasteners (e.g., screws, nuts, bolts, etc.) can be used to secure the bracket 1509, housing 1501, and cover 1505 together.

[0117] Rotating Device 1600 FIG. 16A illustrates a collision between the vehicle 101 and the safety device 307 during the first cleaning stage 103. In one embodiment, the first cleaning stage 103 includes a rotation device 1600, shown in FIGS. 16B-16C, which rotates the telescopic unit 304 in response to a collision between the vehicle 101 and the safety device 307. In one embodiment, the rotation device 1600 is a passive device. The force of the collision between the vehicle 101 and the safety device 307 causes the rotation device 1600 to rotate the telescopic unit 304 about the hinge point 1608, thereby increasing the angle α between the telescopic unit 304 and the reference line 701. As previously described, the telescopic unit 304 is positioned within an angle range of 13-17 degrees from the reference line 701 during normal operation of the first cleaning stage 103. However, in the event of a collision between the vehicle 101 and the safety device 307, the telescopic unit 304 is rotated upward to an angle greater than the 13-17 degree angle range to prevent or at least reduce further damage to the vehicle 101. For example, the rotation device 1600 allows the telescopic unit 304 to rotate upward to an angle of up to 60 degrees from the reference 701.

[0118] 16B, a rotation device 1600 according to one embodiment is shown. As shown in FIG. 16B, the rotation device 1600 in one embodiment includes a shock 1601 mounted to the mounting plate 313, a hinge point 1608, and an oil supply 1603. The shock 1601 includes a first end connected to the telescoping unit 304 and a second end connected to the mounting plate 313. The first end of the shock 1601 may be connected to a horizontal side 803 of one of the rail stages 801, such as the horizontal side 803 of the rail stage 801A. The oil supply 1603 is coupled to the shock 1601 to supply oil to the shock 1601.

[0119] To reduce damage to the vehicle 101, the telescoping unit 304 rotates upward about the hinge point 1608 upon impact between the vehicle 101 and the safety device 307. As previously described, the telescoping unit 304 rotates due to forces from a collision between the vehicle 101 and the safety device 307.

[0120] In one embodiment, pressure is constantly supplied to the oil source 1603 which applies oil to the shock 1601. As a result, the shock 1601 exerts a constant force on the telescopic unit 304 reducing the weight of the telescopic unit 304 as it rotates about the hinge point 1608. Once the vehicle 101 has passed the first washing stage 103, the telescopic unit 304 returns to its initial position due to gravity and the weight of the telescopic unit 304.

[0121] In one embodiment, the shock 1601 applies a constant force to the telescopic unit 304, slowing the rate at which the angle of the telescopic unit 304 returns to its initial position. However, while the weight and gravity of the telescopic unit 304 are sufficient to overcome the force applied by the shock 1601, the shock can still slow the rate at which the telescopic unit 304 returns to its original initial angle. If the first cleaning stage 103 lacks the shock 1601 and oil source 1603, the telescopic unit 304 will quickly return to its initial angle before impact, thereby increasing the chance of damage to the first cleaning stage 103.

[0122] Overview of a first embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 17, a perspective view of the second washing stage 105 of the car wash system 100 according to one embodiment is shown. In one embodiment, the second washing stage 105 includes a frame 1701, a plurality of arms 1703, a plurality of base assemblies 1705, a plurality of nozzle assemblies 1707, a plurality of collision prevention units 1709, an intermediate stop circuit line 1711, and a cylinder 1713, each of which are described in further detail below. However, the second washing stage 105 may have additional or fewer components than those described herein.

[0123] The frame 1701 is a structure used to support other components of the second cleaning stage 105. For example, one end of each of the multiple arms 1703 is attached to the frame 1701, and a base assembly 1705 attached to the other end of the multiple arms 1703 is suspended (e.g., suspended) so as not to contact the ground. In particular, the multiple arms 1703 are attached to a mounting plate 1701D included in the frame 1701. In one embodiment, the multiple arms 1703 and the multiple base assemblies 1705 are collectively considered to be a width adjustment unit of the second cleaning stage 105.

[0124] The frame 1701 includes a number of frame rails that collectively form the frame 1701. It is noted that the frame rails 1701A-1701C shown in FIG. 17 are merely examples of horizontal and vertical frame rails. The frame 1701 may be made of metal such as steel or aluminum or other metals. The frame 1701, in one embodiment, has a height greater than 90 inches (e.g., 119.7 inches) and a width greater than 126 inches (e.g., 165.4 inches). This allows the second cleaning stage 105 to accommodate vehicles 101 having a maximum height of 90 inches and a maximum width of 126 inches. However, the frame 1701 may have different dimensions depending on the size of the vehicle being cleaned.

[0125] In one embodiment, the plurality of arms 1703 support the base assembly 1705. The plurality of arms 1703 includes a first set of arms and a second set of arms. Each set of arms is configured to connect to one of the plurality of base assemblies 1705. For example, the first set of arms includes arms 1703A and 1703B that connect the base assembly 1705A (e.g., the driver's side base assembly) to the frame 1701. The second set of arms includes arms 1703C and 1703D that connect the base assembly 1705B (e.g., the passenger's side base assembly) to the frame 1701. As shown in FIG. 17, the base assembly 1705 is connected to the arms 1703 and thus is suspended (not in contact) with the ground.

[0126] In one embodiment, the base assembly 1705 adjusts the variable width of the second cleaning stage 105. Generally, the base assembly 1705 is suspended off the ground by hanging from the frame 1701 via a hanging arm 1703 (e.g., the base assembly 1705 is suspended above ground level) and contacts the vehicle 101 to adjust the width of the second cleaning stage 105 based on the width of the vehicle 101. As described further below, the base assembly 1705 contacts the tires of the vehicle 101, thereby pushing the base assembly 1705 outward to adjust the width of the second cleaning stage 105 according to the width of the vehicle 101.

[0127] In one embodiment, a plurality of nozzle assemblies 1707 (e.g., washing units) wash the vehicle 101 by spraying water onto the sides of the vehicle 101. In other embodiments, the nozzle assemblies 1707 may spray a detergent, such as soap, in addition to water. The nozzle assemblies 1707 are mounted on a base assembly 1705 as shown in FIG. 17 such that the nozzle assemblies 1707 are also suspended above the ground.

[0128] In one embodiment, each nozzle assembly 1707 is mounted to a corresponding one of the base assemblies 1705. For example, nozzle assembly 1707A is mounted to base assembly 1705A and nozzle assembly 1707B is mounted to base assembly 1705B. Because the nozzle assemblies 1707 are mounted to the base assembly 1705, the lateral position of the nozzle assemblies 1707 varies based on the width of the vehicle 101 being washed. Thus, the distance from the nozzle assemblies 1707 to the side of the vehicle 101 being washed can be kept within a predetermined distance range that improves the efficiency of washing the side of the vehicle compared to conventional car wash systems with nozzle assemblies having static positions.

[0129] Water supply lines 1717 supply water to nozzle assemblies 1707. Each water supply line 1717 is connected to a corresponding nozzle assembly 1707. For example, a water supply line is connected to nozzle assembly 1707A and a water supply line is connected to nozzle assembly 1707B.

[0130] In one embodiment, the plurality of collision prevention units 1709 prevent the base assembly 1705 from being positioned below the vehicle 101. The plurality of collision prevention units 1709 may contact the side of the vehicle 101, thereby preventing the base assembly 1705 from moving further inward toward the center of the second cleaning stage 105. If the base assembly 1705 moves toward the center of the second cleaning stage 105, the base assembly 1705 may go below the vehicle 101 and may damage the vehicle 101 when it contacts the underside of the vehicle 101. Furthermore, the nozzle assembly 1705 may contact the side of the vehicle 101 when the base assembly 1705 goes below the vehicle 101. Thus, the collision prevention units 1709 prevent the nozzle assembly 1705 from colliding with the side of the vehicle 101, as further described below. In one embodiment, the plurality of collision prevention units 1709 include a stopping device 1709A and a stopping device 1709B. In one example, stopping device 1709A is attached to nozzle assembly 1707A and stopping device 170B is attached to nozzle assembly 1707B.

[0131] In one embodiment, the plurality of cylinders 1713 reduces swaying of the base assembly 1705 during operation of the second cleaning stage 105. In one embodiment, the plurality of cylinders 1713 can also be locked in place after the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is set. Locking the cylinders 1713 prevents the base assembly 1705 from moving to be positioned below the vehicle 101 when the base assembly 1705 is no longer in contact with the tires of the vehicle 101, as described further below.

[0132] In one embodiment, the plurality of cylinders 1713 includes cylinder 1713A and cylinder 1713B, where each cylinder 1713 is coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of base assemblies 1705. For example, cylinder 1713B is attached to base assembly 1705B, while cylinder 1713A is attached to base assembly 1705. Each cylinder 1713 includes two ends, where one end of cylinder 1713 is attached to frame 1701 and the other end of cylinder 1713 is attached to base assembly 1705. For example, one end of cylinder 1713B is attached to frame rail 1701C and the other end of cylinder 1713B is attached to base assembly 1705B.

[0133] In one embodiment, a number of intermediate stop circuit lines 1711 (e.g., air lines) supply air to a number of cylinders 1713. Supplying air to the cylinders 1713 unlocks the cylinders 1713 and allows them to return to their original positions once the vehicle 101 has exited the second wash stage 105.

[0134] In one embodiment, the plurality of intermediate stop circuit lines 1711 include an intermediate stop circuit line 1711A and an intermediate stop circuit line 1711B. The intermediate stop circuit line 1711A is connected to the cylinder 1713A and supplies air to the cylinder 1713A to unlock or lock the cylinder 1713A. Similarly, the intermediate stop circuit line 1711B is connected to the cylinder 1713B and supplies air to the cylinder 1713B to unlock or lock the cylinder 1713B.

[0135] Operation of the first embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 18A-18D show an operation of the second cleaning stage 105 to clean the side of the vehicle 101 according to one embodiment. FIG. 18A shows an adjustment operation during the operation of the second cleaning stage 105. In general, the second cleaning stage 105 has a variable width to take into account the contour of the side of the vehicle 101 while cleaning the side of the vehicle 101. During the initial adjustment operation, the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is adjusted according to the width of the vehicle 101.

[0136] As the vehicle 101 approaches the second cleaning stage 105, as shown in Figure 18A, the tires 1801 of the vehicle 101 contact the plurality of base assemblies 1705. As the vehicle 101 advances by the conveyor advancing the vehicle 101, the base assemblies 1705 are pushed outwardly away from the center of the second cleaning stage 105B by contacting the tires 1801 and setting the width of the second cleaning stage 105, as shown in Figure 18B. Thus, the sides of the vehicle (e.g., the sides of the tires) physically contact the second cleaning stage 105 and set the width of the second cleaning stage 105 according to the width of the vehicle 101.

[0137] FIG. 18B illustrates an initial cleaning operation of the second cleaning stage 105 in one embodiment. Once the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is adjusted according to the width of the vehicle 101, the cylinder 1713 is actuated by the controller 109 to lock the length of the cylinder 1713 in a predetermined position during the first cleaning stage, in one embodiment. By locking the cylinder 1713, the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is locked in a predetermined position. The nozzle assembly 1707 can then start cleaning the front of the side of the vehicle 101 (e.g., the side of the front fender). The nozzle assembly 1707 can use water output by the nozzle assembly 1707 or a combination of water and detergent (e.g., soap) output by the nozzle assembly 1707 to clean the front of the side of the vehicle 101. If the nozzle assembly 1707 outputs only water, the second cleaning stage 105 relies on the detergent output by the chemical arch 401 of the first cleaning stage 103 to help clean the vehicle 101.

[0138] 18C illustrates an intermediate cleaning operation of the second cleaning stage 105 in one embodiment. As the vehicle 101 continues to move along the second cleaning stage 105, the nozzle assembly 1707 continues to clean the sides of the vehicle 101, such as the center of the side of the vehicle (e.g., the door) and the rear of the side of the vehicle (e.g., the rear fender). As shown in FIG. 18C, at a certain point during the second cleaning stage 105, the base assembly 1705 is no longer in contact with the vehicle 101 because the length of the base assembly 1705 is not long enough to span the length of the wheelbase of the vehicle 101. Thus, the base assembly 1705 can only contact either the front or rear tires, but cannot contact both the front and rear tires at the same time due to the short length of the base assembly 1705.

[0139] 18C, the cylinder 1713 locks the width of the second cleaning stage 105, thereby maintaining the width of the second cleaning stage 105 even though the base assembly 1705 is no longer in contact with the tire 1801 of the vehicle 101. As previously described, locking the cylinder 1713 prevents the base assembly 1705 from moving below the vehicle 101 during the mid-cleaning operation.

[0140] The cylinder 1713 includes numerous components, not shown, such as various solenoids and valves, that control the locking and unlocking of the cylinder 1713. As previously described, the intermediate stop circuit line 1711 supplies air to the cylinder 1713. When the vehicle 101 is not yet in contact with the base assembly 1705, the intermediate stop circuit line 1711 does not supply air to the cylinder 1713. When no air is supplied to the cylinder 1713, the cylinder 1713 is able to extend and retract. This causes the cylinder 1713 to be unlocked.

[0141] When the vehicle 101 contacts the base assembly 1705, the intermediate stop circuit line 1711 supplies air to the cylinder 1713. The air supplied to the cylinder 1713 allows the cylinder 1713 to further retract but does not allow the cylinder 1713 to extend, thereby locking the cylinder 1713 in place. Thus, the base assembly 1705 connected to the cylinder 1713 can move outwardly from the vehicle 101 during the second cleaning stage 105, but cannot move inwardly towards the vehicle 101 during the second cleaning stage. In other words, the cylinder 1713 is locked, thereby preventing the base assembly 1705 from moving inward.

[0142] 18D illustrates a reset operation of the second cleaning stage 105 in one embodiment. After the vehicle 101 exits the second cleaning stage 105, the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is reset to its initial position. In one embodiment, the width of the second cleaning stage 101 is reset by an unlocking cylinder 1713. By unlocking the cylinder 1713, the base assemblies 1705 can return to their initial positions. As described below with respect to FIG. 20, the base assemblies 1705 can be moved to their initial positions using gravity, which moves the base assemblies 1705 and the arms 1703 inward toward the center of the second cleaning stage 105.

[0143] To unlock the cylinders 1713, the intermediate stop circuit line 1711 stops the supply of air to the cylinders 1713. Once the cylinders 1713 are unlocked, the base assembly 1705 returns to their initial position using gravity and the weight of the base assembly 1705 as described above. In one embodiment, the intermediate stop circuit line 1711 stops the supply of air to the cylinders 1713 for a threshold time (e.g., 2 seconds) after the vehicle 101 exits the second wash stage 105, thereby returning the base assembly 1705 to their initial position. Alternatively, the intermediate stop circuit line 1711 does not supply air to the cylinders 1713 based on a signal received from a photosensor at the inlet of the car wash system 100 that is different from the optical sensor 301. The timing at which the optical sensor sends a signal is calculated based on the speed of the conveyor 107. Based on the speed of the conveyor 107 and the length of the car wash 100, the time it takes for the vehicle to exit the second wash stage 105 can be calculated.

[0144] After the second cleaning stage 105 is completed, the vehicle 101 may be dried by one or more fans or blowers (not shown). The fans generate airflow that dries the surfaces of the vehicle 101 that have been cleaned by the first cleaning stage 103 and the second cleaning stage 105.

[0145] Arm 1703 Generally, the arms 1703 connect the hanging base assembly 1705 to the top of the frame 1701. The arms 1703 may have different shapes in different embodiments. FIG. 19 shows a front view of the second cleaning stage 105 to illustrate an example shape of the arms 1703. As shown in FIG. 19, in one embodiment, the arms 1703 each include at least one bend. By having at least one bend in each of the arms 1703, the likelihood of contact between the vehicle 101 and the arms 1703 is reduced compared to if the arms 1703 were straight (e.g., lacking any bends). If the arms were straight, there would be a higher likelihood of contact between the side mirrors of the vehicle 101 and the arms 1703. In one embodiment, the at least one bend in each arm 1703 is located at the end of the arm closest to the base assembly 1705.

[0146] The example of FIG. 19 illustrates a "C" shaped arm including multiple bends (e.g., two bends) according to one embodiment. Each of the "C" shaped arms 1703A-1703D illustrated in FIG. 19 includes an upper portion 1903, a central portion 1905, and a lower portion 1907. A first bend 1909 is formed between the upper portion 1903 and the central portion 1905, and a second bend 1911 is formed between the central portion 1905 and the lower portion 1907. For example, arm 1703A includes an upper portion 1903A, a central portion 1905A, and a lower portion 1907A, and a first bend 1909A is formed between the upper portion 1903A and the central portion 1905A, and a second bend 1911A is formed between the central portion 1905A and the lower portion 1907A. Arm 1703B includes an upper portion 1903B, a central portion 1905B, and a lower portion 1907B, with a first bent portion 1909B formed between upper portion 1903B and central portion 1905B, and a second bent portion 1911B formed between central portion 1905B and lower portion 1907B. Arm 1703C includes an upper portion 1903C, a central portion 1905C, and a lower portion 1907C, with a first bent portion 1909C formed between upper portion 1903C and central portion 1905C, and a second bent portion 1911C formed between central portion 1905C and lower portion 1907C. The arm 1703D includes an upper portion 1903D, a middle portion 1905D, and a lower portion 1907D, with a first bend 1909D formed between the upper portion 1903D and the middle portion 1905D, and a second bend 1911D formed between the middle portion 1905D and the lower portion 1907D.

[0147] In one embodiment, the upper portion 1903 and the lower portion 1907 of the "C" shaped arm are symmetrical. That is, the upper portion 1903 and the lower portion 1907 of the "C" shaped arm 1703 have the same length. Furthermore, the angle between the upper portion 1903 and the middle portion 1905 of the "C" shaped arm 1703 is, in one embodiment, the same as the angle between the lower portion 1907 and the middle portion 1905 of the "C" shaped arm 1703. By having the upper and lower portions with the same length and the same angle between the upper and middle portions and between the lower and middle portions, the ability of the "C" shaped arms 1703 to return to their initial positions due to the weight and gravity of the arms 1703 after the vehicle 101 leaves the second cleaning stage 105 is improved as will be further described below with respect to Figures 20A and 20B.

[0148] FIG. 20A shows the orientation of the arm 1703 after the arm 1703 has been pushed outward from the center of the second cleaning stage 105 due to the vehicle 101 contacting the base assembly 1705. The arm 1703 shown in FIG. 20 may correspond to the right arm of the second cleaning stage 105. As shown in FIG. 20A, the center 1905 of the arm 1703 is vertical (e.g., vertical to the ground) with the width of the second cleaning stage 105 adjusted to the vehicle 101. With the arm 1703 oriented such that the center 1905 is in a vertical position, the center of gravity of the arm 2003 is located to the right of the hinge point 2001 of the arm 1703. That is, the hinge point 2001 is misaligned with the center of gravity 2003 of the arm 1703. The hinge point 2001 is the portion of the arm 1703 that connects to the frame 1701.

[0149] Figure 20B shows the orientation of the arm 1703 in an initial reset position after the vehicle 101 exits the second cleaning stage 105. In Figure 20B, gravity causes the arm 1703 to rotate clockwise about the hinge point 2001 until the arm 1703 reaches the initial reset position. In one embodiment, in the initial reset position of the arm 1703, the center of gravity 2003 of the arm 1703 is aligned with the hinge point 2001 of the arm 1703.

[0150] In one embodiment, weights 2005 can be placed on the "C" shaped arms to adjust the center of gravity of the arms 1703 as shown in Figures 20C and 20D. To adjust the center of gravity of the arms 1703, weights 2005 may be placed on the middle portion 1905 of the arms 1703 as shown in Figure 20C. Alternatively, weights 2005 may be placed on the upper portion 1903 of the arms 1703. By using weights 2005 to change the center of gravity of the arms 1703, the arms 1703 can return to their initial reset position more easily after the vehicle 101 exits the second washing stage 105 as compared to an embodiment without weights 2005 since the weights 2005 add more mass to the arms 1703.

[0151] The above description regarding the center of gravity of the arm 1703 is also applicable to the arm located to the left of the second cleaning stage 105. However, the arm 1703 located to the left of the second cleaning stage 105 is oriented such that the center 1905 of the arm is in a vertical position, but the center of gravity of the arm 1703 is located to the left of the hinge point 2001 of the arm 1703 instead of to the right, as shown in FIG.

[0152] FIG. 21 shows a front view of the second cleaning stage 105 to show another shape of the multiple arms 1703 according to one embodiment. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 19, in one embodiment, the arms 1703 shown in FIG. 21 each include one bend. By having a single bend in each of the arms 1703, the possibility of contact between the vehicle 101 and the arms 1703 is reduced compared to if the arms 1703 were straight (e.g., lacking any bends) as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 19. If the arms were straight, there would be a higher probability of contact between the side mirrors of the vehicle 101 and the arms 1703. At least one bend in each arm 1703 is located at the end of the arm closest to the base assembly 1705.

[0153] The example of FIG. 21 shows an "L" shaped arm including a single bend (e.g., one bend) according to one embodiment. Each of the "L" shaped arms 1703A-1703D shown in FIG. 21 includes an upper portion 2101 and a lower portion 2103. A bend 2105 is formed between the upper portion 2101 and the lower portion 2103. For example, the arm 1703A includes an upper portion 2101A and a lower portion 2103A, and a bend 2105A is formed between the upper portion 2101A and the lower portion 2103A. The arm 1703B includes an upper portion 2101B and a lower portion 2103B, and a bend 2105B is formed between the upper portion 2101B and the lower portion 2103B. The arm 1703C includes an upper portion 2101C and a lower portion 2103C, and a bend 2105C is formed between the upper portion 2101C and the lower portion 2103C. The arm 1703D includes an upper portion 2101D and a lower portion 2103D, with a bent portion 2105D formed between the upper portion 2101D and the lower portion 2103D.

[0154] Figure 22A shows a side view of arms 1703C and 1703D located on the right side of the second cleaning stage 105 according to one embodiment. Figure 22A does not show arms 1703A and 1703B located on the left side of the second cleaning stage 105, but the description of Figure 22A is also applicable to arms 1703A and 1703B.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 22A, hinge points 2001 of arms 1703C and 1703D are attached to mounting plate 1701D of frame 1701. In one embodiment, hinge points 2001 are separated by a threshold distance "E". Threshold distance "E" is 20.9 inches according to one embodiment. If hinge points 2001 are separated by a distance less than threshold distance "E", then arms 1703 and base assembly 1705 will sway upon initial impact between tire 1801 and base assembly 1705. By separating hinge points 2001 of arms 1703 by threshold distance "E", sway of arms 1703 and base assembly 1705 is reduced.

[0156] 22A also illustrates a motion path 2201 of the base assembly 1705 as it is repositioned according to the width of the vehicle 101. The motion path 2201 is not linear, such as horizontal. Rather, the motion path 2201 of the base assembly 1705 is arc-shaped (e.g., crescent-shaped), given that each arm 1703 is attached to the mounting plate 1701D by a single hinge point 2001. During movement in the motion path 2201, the nozzle of the water assembly 1707 remains substantially flat to ensure optimal cleaning efficiency.

[0157] 22B is a force diagram depicting forces applied to the base assembly 1705 to adjust the width of the second cleaning stage 105 according to one embodiment. A plan view of a portion of the base assembly 1705 is shown. Vector 2203 represents the direction and force applied by tire 1801 to the vehicle entry guides (described below) of the base assembly 1705. Vector 2211 represents a reaction force to the left in response to the force applied by tire 1801, and vector 2209 is a reaction force opposite to vector 2201. The sum of vectors 2203, 2209, and 2211 results in vector 2201, which represents the path of movement of the base assembly 1705.

[0158] The vehicle entry guide of the base assembly 1705 is set at an angle 2207 relative to the reference line 2205. In one embodiment, the angle is 45 degrees, although other angles may be used. If a 45 degree angle is used, the direction of the arm rotation along the motion path 2201 is formed at a 90 degree direction with the vehicle entry guide 1705. In general, as the angle of the vehicle entry guide increases, the amount of movement along the motion path 2201 increases, as does the force applied to the arm 1703.

[0159] Base Assembly 1705 23A and 23B show detailed views of the components of base assemblies 1705A, 1705B according to one embodiment. Base assembly 1705A, in one embodiment, includes base structure 2301A, vehicle entry guide 2302A, impact portion 2303A, impact portion 2304A, bearing 2305A, and cylinder bracket 2305A. Similarly, base assembly 1705B, in one embodiment, includes base structure 2301B, vehicle entry guide 2302B, impact portion 2303B, impact portion 2304B, bearing 2305B, and cylinder bracket 2305B.

[0160] The base structure 2301 serves as a frame for the base assembly 1705 to support the components of the base assembly 1705. The vehicle entry guides 2302, bearings 2305, cylinder brackets 2305, water assembly 1707, and impacts 2302A are all mounted to the base structure 2301 in an embodiment. The base structure 2301 is rectangular in shape and may be made of a metal such as aluminum, although other shapes and materials may be used.

[0161] The impact portion 2303 is attached to the base structure 2301. The impact portion 2303 may be attached to an edge of the base structure 2301 using fasteners such as screws or nuts and bolts. The impact portion 2303 is configured to protect the base structure 2301 from damage while the tire 1801 of the vehicle 101 is in contact with the base assembly 1705. Since the impact portion 2303 is in contact with the tire, the impact portion 2303 should not impede the travel of the vehicle 101 through the second wash stage 105 either. Thus, the impact portion 2303 is made of a material that is strong enough to protect the base structure 2301 while having low friction to allow the tire to slide smoothly along the impact portion 2303. In one embodiment, the impact portion 2303 is made of a plastic such as polyethylene, although other materials may be used.

[0162] The vehicle entry guide 2302 guides the vehicle 101 into the second cleaning stage 105. As previously described, the vehicle entry guide 2302 is inclined, such as at a 45 degree angle, relative to the reference line 2205. The vehicle entry guide 2302 impacts the tires 1801 of the vehicle 101 to adjust the width of the second cleaning stage 105. The vehicle entry guide 2302 is triangular in shape and may be made of a metal such as aluminum, but may also be other shapes and materials.

[0163] The impact portion 2304 is attached to the vehicle entry guide 2302. The impact portion 2304 may be attached to the edge of the vehicle entry guide 2302 using fasteners such as screws or nuts and bolts. The impact portion 2304 is configured to protect the vehicle entry guide 2302 from damage while the tire 1801 of the vehicle 101 is in contact with the vehicle entry guide 2302. Since the impact portion 2304 is in contact with the tire, the impact portion 2304 should not impede the vehicle 101 from traveling through the second cleaning stage 105. For this reason, the impact portion 2304 is constructed of a material that is low friction to allow the tire to slide smoothly along the impact portion 2304, yet strong enough to protect the vehicle entry guide 2302. In one embodiment, the impact portion 2304 is made of a plastic such as polyethylene, although other materials may be used.

[0164] In one embodiment, the bearings 2305 are hinge points for the base assembly 1705. Each bearing 2305 is configured to be attached to the end of a corresponding one of the arms 1703, as shown in FIG. 23C. The bearings 2305 allow the base assembly 1705 to hang from the arms 1703, such that the base assembly 1705 is suspended above the ground. The bearings 2305 also allow the base assembly 1705 to rotate as it moves along the motion path 2201. The bearings 2305 may be stainless steel bearings, although in other embodiments, other materials may be used for the bearings.

[0165] 23A and 23B, in one embodiment, the bearings 2305 are attached to a top surface of the base structure 2301. Each bearing 2305 may be attached to the top surface of the base structure 2301 using fasteners such as screws or nuts and bolts. As shown in FIG. 23, a pair of bearings are attached to one end of the base structure 2301 (e.g., at the corners) and another pair of bearings are attached to the other end of the base structure 2301.

[0166] 24A and 24B show plan views of base assembly 1705A and base assembly 1705B according to one embodiment. Specifically, FIGS. 24A and 24B show hinge points 2401A and 2403A of base assembly 1705A and hinge points 2401B and 2403B of base assembly 1705B, respectively. In one embodiment, hinge point 2401 represents the location of a pair of bearings 2305 located at the top end of base structure 2301, and hinge point 2403 represents the location of a pair of bearings 2305 located at the bottom end of base structure 2301.

[0167] 24A and 24B, in one embodiment, hinge points 2401 and 2403 are misaligned. That is, hinge points 2401 and 2403 are misaligned in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Due to the misalignment, hinge points 2401 and 2403 are offset from each other in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0168] In one embodiment, the hinge points 2401 and 2403 are angled relative to an edge of the base assembly 1705. For example, in one embodiment, the hinge points 2401A and 2403A are angled at a 45 degree angle relative to edge 2405A, although other angles may be used. Similarly, in one embodiment, the hinge points 2401B and 2403B are angled at a 45 degree angle relative to edge 2405B. Slanting the hinge points 2401 and 2403 cushions the vehicle 101 on entry and reduces tilt of the base assembly 1705 during width adjustment of the second washing stage 105.

[0169] In one embodiment, the distance 2407 between the center points of the hinge points 2401 and 2403 is a threshold distance, such as 20.9 inches. If the distance between the center points of the hinge points 2401 and 2403 is less than the threshold distance, the base assembly 1705 will sway upon impact with the tire 1801 of the vehicle 101. By separating the hinge points 2401 and 2403 by the threshold distance, swaying upon impact between the base assembly 1705 and the tire 1801 is reduced.

[0170] 23A and 23B, in one embodiment, the cylinder bracket 2305 is attached to the top surface of the base structure 2301. The cylinder bracket 2305 can be attached to the top surface of the base structure 2301 using fasteners such as screws or nuts and bolts. The cylinder bracket 2305 may be disposed between a pair of bearings 2305 as shown in FIG. 23. For example, the cylinder bracket 2305 is located between a pair of bearings at one end of the base structure 2301 and a pair of bearings 2305 at the other end of the base structure 2301. In one embodiment, the cylinder bracket 2305 is configured to attach one end of the cylinder 1713 to the top surface of the base structure 2301 as shown in FIG. 23C.

[0171] FIG. 25 shows a top view of the second cleaning stage 105 to illustrate the angles of the base assembly 1705 and the cylinder 1713 according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 25, the cylinder 1713A forms an angle 2502A with respect to the datum 2501A, and the cylinder 1713B forms an angle 2502B with respect to the datum 2501B. The datums 2501A and 2501B are in the direction of entry of the vehicle 101. In one embodiment, the angle formed between the cylinder 1713 and the respective datum 2501 is 45 degrees. By using a 45 degree angle, the effect of the vehicle entering the base assembly 1705 is reduced. Furthermore, as previously mentioned, the angles 2503 (e.g., 2503A and 2503B) formed between the datum line 2205 and the base assembly 1705 are also 45 degrees. Thus, according to one embodiment, the sum of the angles between the cylinder 1703 and the base assembly 1715 is 90 degrees. However, other embodiments may have a different sum of angles.

[0172] Nozzle Assembly 1707 26A and 26B show detailed views of a nozzle assembly 1707 included in the second cleaning stage 105 according to one embodiment. The nozzle assembly 1707 is an example of a cleaning unit of the second cleaning stage 105. As previously mentioned, according to one embodiment, the nozzle assembly 1707 includes a nozzle assembly 1707A configured to clean the driver's side of the vehicle 101 and a nozzle assembly 1707B configured to clean the passenger's side of the vehicle 101.

[0173] As shown in FIG. 26A, the nozzle assembly 1707A includes a support structure 2605A, a water manifold 2601A, a plurality of water nozzles 2602A, 2603A, and a plurality of fasteners 2604A according to one embodiment. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 26B, the nozzle assembly 1707B includes a post structure 2605B, a water manifold 2601B, a plurality of water nozzles 2602B, 2603B, and a plurality of fasteners 2604B according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 26A and FIG. 26B, in one embodiment, the passenger side and driver side nozzle assemblies include the same types of components. However, in other embodiments, the driver side nozzle assembly and the passenger side nozzle assembly may include different components from each other.

[0174] In one embodiment, the water manifolds 2601 are chambers that supply water used to wash the sides of the vehicle 101. For example, the water manifold 2601A contains water to wash the driver's side of the vehicle 101, and the water manifold 2601B contains water to wash the passenger's side of the vehicle 101. Each water manifold 2601 may be a pipe that includes an inlet (e.g., 2606A, 2606B) that is connected to a water source that supplies water to the water manifold 2601 to wash the vehicle 101. Each water manifold 2601 may be made of stainless steel and have, for example, a diameter of 1.1 inches and a length of 69 inches. However, other dimensions and materials may be used for the water manifolds 2601.

[0175] In one embodiment, the water manifold 2601 includes outlet ports each connected to a corresponding one of a plurality of water nozzles 2602 and 2603. As shown in Figure 26, the water nozzles 2602 and 2603 are disposed along the length of the water manifold 2601. The water nozzles 2602 and 2603 may be spaced apart an equal distance from one another in one embodiment.

[0176] In general, the water nozzles 2602 and 2603 spray water contained within the water manifold 2601 onto the side of the vehicle 101 to wash the vehicle 101. To improve the washing performance, the water nozzles 2602 and 2603 are maintained within a predetermined distance range of the side of the vehicle 101. The water nozzles 2601 and 2603 can be kept within a predetermined distance range of the side of the vehicle 101 by the second washing stage 105 adjusting its width according to the width of the vehicle 101, as described above. In one embodiment, the distance between the side of the vehicle 101 and the tips (e.g., ends) of the water nozzles 2602 and 2603 is within a range of 10 inches to 15 inches. However, in other examples, other distance ranges may be used.

[0177] In one embodiment, water nozzle 2602 and water nozzle 2603 are configured to wash different portions of a side of vehicle 101. For example, water nozzle 2603 is configured to wash side mirrors 2604 of vehicle 101, and water nozzle 2602 is configured to wash the remaining sides of vehicle 101, such as the front bumper, front fenders, doors, rear fenders, and sides of the rear bumper.

[0178] Given that the side mirror 2604 protrudes farther from the vehicle 101 than the side of the vehicle, the length of the water nozzle 2603 is different from the length of the water nozzle 2602. In one embodiment, the length of the water nozzle 2603 used to wash the side mirror 2604 is shorter than the length of the water nozzle 2602 to provide a gap between the water nozzle 2602 and the side mirror 2604. Otherwise, the water nozzle 2603 may collide with the side mirror 2604 and cause damage to the vehicle 101 and the water nozzle 2603.

[0179] In one embodiment, the water nozzle 2603 is configured to spray water at an angle 2606 relative to the reference line 2605 to enhance cleaning performance of the side mirror 2604. By spraying water at the angle 2606, the water nozzle 2603 can clean the inner portion of the side mirror 2604. In one embodiment, the angle 2606 of the water nozzle 2603 used to clean the side mirror 2604 is 45 degrees. However, other angles may be used. In general, a larger angle 2606 will increase the water spray distance and a smaller angle 2606 will decrease the cleaning performance of the side mirror 2604.

[0180] In one embodiment, the water nozzles 2602 and 2603 spray water such that the water temperature on the surface of the vehicle 101 is at a threshold temperature for improving cleaning performance. For example, the temperature of the water sprayed by the nozzles 2602 and 2603 is between 110 and 140 degrees Fahrenheit (F). In another embodiment, the temperature of the water sprayed by the nozzles 2602 and 2603 is at least 140° F. The water temperature on the surface of the vehicle 101 is based on various factors, such as the water temperature before being sprayed by the water nozzles 2602 and 2603, the nozzle diameter, and the angle at which the water is sprayed (i.e., the spray injection angle).

[0181] In one embodiment, the support structure 2605 is a structure that supports the water manifold 2601. For example, the support structure 2605A supports the water manifold 2601A, and the support structure 2605B supports the water manifold 2601B. In one embodiment, the support structure 2605 can be mounted to the ground to prevent the support structure 2605 from falling. In one embodiment, the support structure 2605 can be rectangular in shape as shown in Figures 26A and 26B and can be made of a metal such as aluminum. However, other shapes and materials can be used for the support structure.

[0182] A number of fasteners 2607 fasten the water manifold 2601 to the support structure 2605. For example, fastener 2607A fastens water manifold 2601A to support structure 2605A, fastener 2607B fastens water manifold 2601B to support structure 2605A, etc. As shown in Figure 26, the water manifold 2601 may be fastened to the support structure 2605 at multiple locations along the length of the water manifold 2601 to ensure that the water manifold 2601 is properly secured.

[0183] In one embodiment, each fastener 2607 is a clamp-type fastener that wraps around the manifold 2601. The fasteners 2607 can have a hole in the center of the fastener 2607, and the water manifold 2601 is placed within the hole. The fasteners 2607 can then be fastened to the support structure 2605 using screws and / or other types of fasteners, such as nuts and bolts, thereby securing the water manifold 2601 to the support structure 2605.

[0184] Collision Prevention Unit 1709 27A shows a detailed view of the collision avoidance unit 1709 according to one embodiment. In one embodiment, the collision avoidance unit 1709 includes a frame 2701 and a contact wheel 2704. The collision avoidance unit 1709 may have different components in other embodiments.

[0185] The frame 2701 has a mounting plate 2703C which, in one embodiment, is used to mount the collision avoidance unit 1109 to the support structure 2605 of the nozzle assembly 1707, as shown in FIG.

[0186] Referring back to Figure 27A, frame 2701 also includes extenders 2703A and 2703B. Extenders 2703 are connected at one end to mounting plate 2703C. The other ends of extenders 2703 are spaced apart such that a recess is formed between the other ends of extenders 2703. As shown in Figure 27A, in one embodiment, the extenders have an "L" shape.

[0187] The contact wheel 2704 is configured to contact the side of the vehicle 101 to prevent damage to the water nozzle 2602, as described further below. The contact wheel 2704 is configured to roll across the surface of the vehicle 101 when the contact wheel 2704 contacts the side of the vehicle. To reduce damage to the surface of the vehicle 101 due to contact and as the contact wheel 2704 rolls across the side of the vehicle, the contact wheel 2704 is made of a resilient material, such as rubber, for example. However, other materials may be used. As described further below, the contact wheel 2704 is configured to prevent damage to the water nozzle 2602 due to contact with the side of the vehicle 101.

[0188] 27A, the contact wheel 2704 is disposed in a recess formed between the other ends of the extender 2703. The contact wheel 2704 may be secured to the second extender 2703 using a pin 2705 disposed between the second ends of the extender 2703. The contact wheel 2704 rotates about the pin 2705.

[0189] Figures 27B and 27C illustrate the operation of the collision prevention unit 1709 in one embodiment. As previously described, the collision prevention unit 1709 prevents the water nozzles 2602 from contacting the side of the vehicle 101. Figure 27B illustrates the initial cleaning operation of the second cleaning stage 105. As previously described, during the initial cleaning operation, the base assembly 1705 is in contact with the tire 1801 of the vehicle. Because the base assembly 1705 is in contact with the tire, the base assembly 1705 cannot move below the vehicle 101. Therefore, the water nozzles 2602 cannot contact the side of the vehicle 101.

[0190] 27C illustrates a cleaning operation of the second cleaning stage 105 where the base assembly 1705 is no longer in contact with the tire 1801. Typically, the cylinder 1713 locks, thereby preventing the base assembly 1705 from moving inward toward the center of the second cleaning stage 105. However, in the example shown in FIG. 27C, the cylinder 1713 has a malfunction that causes a failure of the locking operation resulting in the base assembly 1705 moving under the vehicle 101.

[0191] 27C, the collision prevention unit 1709 contacts the side of the vehicle 101 when the base assembly 1705 is under the vehicle 101, thereby preventing the base assembly 1705 from moving further inward toward the center of the second cleaning stage 105. If the base assembly 1705 moves further toward the center of the second cleaning stage 105, the water nozzle 2602 will contact the side of the vehicle 101, thereby damaging the vehicle 101 and the water nozzle 2602. However, considering that the collision prevention unit 1709 is longer than the water nozzle 2602 and contacts the side of the vehicle 101 before the water nozzle 2602, the distance 2705 between the end of the nozzle 2602 and the side of the vehicle 101 is maintained.

[0192] Overview of a second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 Referring to FIG. 28, a perspective view of the second washing stage 105 of the car wash system 100 according to the second embodiment is shown. The second embodiment of the second washing stage 105 is similar to the first embodiment of the second washing stage 105 described with reference to FIG. 17. In the second embodiment of the second washing stage 105, the second washing stage 105 includes a frame 1701, a plurality of arms 1703, a plurality of nozzle assemblies 1707, an intermediate stop circuit line 1711, and a cylinder 1713, similar to the first embodiment of the second washing stage 105 described above. Therefore, a description of the common components between the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the second washing stage 105 will be omitted.

[0193] The second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 includes a base assembly 2801. In one embodiment, the base assembly 2801 includes a driver's side base assembly 2801A disposed on the left side of the second cleaning stage 105 and a passenger's side base assembly 2801B disposed on the right side of the second cleaning stage 105. Similar to the base assembly 1705 of FIG. 17, the base assembly 2801 of FIG. 27 according to the second embodiment adjusts the width of the second cleaning stage 105. However, the base assembly 2801 of FIG. 27 has a longer length than the base assembly 1705 of the first embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 of FIG. 17. For example, the length of the base assembly 2801 according to the second embodiment is 163 inches, whereas the length of the base assembly 1705 according to the first embodiment is 79 inches. Thus, the length of the base assembly 2801 is approximately double the length of the base assembly 1705.

[0194] The longer length of the base assembly 2801 allows the base assembly 2801 to remain in contact with the tires 1801 of the vehicle 101 for the entire duration of the second cleaning stage 105. Thus, in one embodiment, the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 lacks the collision prevention unit 1709, as the base assembly 2801 prevents the water nozzles of the water assembly 2801 from colliding with the sides of the vehicle 101 during the duration of the second cleaning stage 105. However, the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage may further include the collision prevention unit 1709 in other embodiments.

[0195] Additionally, although the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 includes a cylinder 1713, the cylinder 1713 may lack a locking function. The cylinder 1713 may be used to damp vibrations of the vehicle 101 upon impact with the base assembly 2801. However, the cylinder 1713 lacks a locking function since there is no need to lock the width of the second cleaning stage 105 since the base assembly 2801 is in contact with the tires 1801 of the vehicle 101 during the second cleaning stage 105, thereby providing such a locking function instead.

[0196] Operation of the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 29A-29C show the operation of the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 to clean the side of the vehicle 101. FIG. 29A shows an adjustment operation during the operation of the second cleaning stage 105. During the adjustment operation, in one embodiment, the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is adjusted according to the width of the vehicle 101. As shown in FIG. 29A, as the vehicle 101 approaches the second cleaning stage 105, the front tires 1801 of the vehicle 101 contact a number of base assemblies 2801. As the conveyor moves the vehicle 101 forward, the base assemblies 2801 are pushed outward from the center of the second cleaning stage 105B by contacting the front tires 1801, as shown in FIG. 29A, to set the width of the second cleaning stage 105.

[0197] 29B illustrates the cleaning operation of the second cleaning stage 105 in one embodiment. Once the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is adjusted according to the width of the vehicle 101, the nozzle assembly 1707 can start cleaning the side of the vehicle 101. The nozzle assembly 1707 can clean the front (front fender), middle (e.g., door), and rear (e.g., rear fender) of the side of the vehicle 101 using water output by the nozzle assembly 1707 or a combination of water and chemicals (e.g., soap) output by the nozzle assembly 1707. If the nozzle assembly 1707 outputs only water, the second cleaning stage 105 relies on chemical output by the chemical arch of the first cleaning stage 103 to help clean the vehicle 101.

[0198] As shown in FIG. 29B, the base assembly 2801 contacts both the front tire 1801A and the rear tire 1801B simultaneously while cleaning the center of the vehicle 101. During the cleaning operation of the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105, the base assembly 2801B is in contact with at least one of the front tire 1801A or the rear tire 1801B due to the length of the base assembly 2801B. Thus, the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is maintained during the operation of the second cleaning stage 105. Thus, the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 does not require the locking function of the cylinder 1713 to maintain the adjusted width of the second cleaning stage 105, since the base assembly 2801 is always in contact with at least one or both of the front tire 1801A or the rear tire 1801B. In contrast, the first embodiment of the base assembly 1705 does not contact any of the vehicle tires 1801 during at least a portion of the second cleaning operation, and therefore requires the locking function of the cylinder 1713 to maintain the width of the second cleaning stage 105. Thus, the operation of the cylinder 1713 is similar to the first embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105 described above, except that the cylinder 1713 does not need to be locked.

[0199] 29C illustrates a reset operation of the second embodiment of the second cleaning stage 105. After the vehicle 101 exits the second cleaning stage 105, the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is reset to its initial position. In one embodiment, the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is reset using gravity and the weight of the base assembly 2801 and the arm 1703. In one embodiment, gravity returns the base assembly 2801 to their initial position. After the second cleaning stage 105 is completed, the vehicle 101 may be dried by one or more fans or blowers (not shown). The fans generate wind that dries the surfaces of the vehicle 101 that have been cleaned by the first cleaning stage 101 and the second cleaning stage 105.

[0200] Base Assembly 2801 30A and 30B respectively show detailed views of components of base assemblies 2801A and 2801B according to one embodiment. Base assembly 2801A, in one embodiment, includes base structure 30001A, vehicle entry guide 3002A, impact portion 3003A, impact portion 3004A, bearing 3005A, and cylinder bracket 3005A. Similarly, base assembly 2801B, in one embodiment, includes base structure 3001B, vehicle entry guide 3002B, impact portion 3003B, impact portion 3004B, bearing 3005B, and cylinder bracket 3005B.

[0201] The functions performed by the base structure 3001, the vehicle entry guide 3002, the impact portion 3003, the impact portion 3004, the bearing 3005, and the cylinder bracket 3005 are similar to the functions performed by the base structure 2301, the vehicle entry guide 2302, the impact portion 2303A, the impact portion 2304, the bearing 2305, and the cylinder bracket 2305 described above. Therefore, a detailed description of the components of the base assemblies 2801A and 2801B will be omitted because the detailed description of the components of the base assemblies 1705A and 1705B is applicable to the components of the base assemblies 2801A and 2801B.

[0202] Due to the increased length of base assemblies 2801A and 2801B compared to base assemblies 1705A and 1705B, the bearings 3005 are not located at the ends of the base structure 3001 as in the first embodiment of base assembly 1705. Rather, the bearings 3005 are located closer to the center of the base structure 2301, as shown in FIG.

[0203] 31A and 31B show plan views of a base assembly 2801A and a base assembly 2801B, respectively, according to one embodiment. Specifically, FIGS. 31A and 31B show hinge points 3101A and 3103A of the base assembly 2801A and hinge points 3101B and 3103B of the base assembly 2801B, respectively. Hinge point 3101 represents the upper pair of bearings 3005, and hinge point 3103 represents the lower pair of bearings 3005 arranged in one embodiment. Due to the long length of the base assemblies 2801, in one embodiment, each base assembly 2801 includes two or more hinge points 3103. Having at least two hinge points 3103 prevents the base assembly 2801 from sagging.

[0204] As shown in Figures 31A and 31B, in one embodiment, the hinge points 3101 and 3103 are misaligned. That is, the hinge points 3101 and 3103 are misaligned in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Due to the misalignment, the hinge points 3101 and 3103 are offset from each other in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0205] In one embodiment, the hinge points 3101 and 3103 are angled relative to the edge of the base assembly 3105. For example, in one embodiment, the hinge points 3101A and 3103A are angled at a 45 degree angle relative to the edge 3105A, although other angles may be used. Similarly, in one embodiment, the hinge points 3101B and 3103B are angled at a 45 degree angle relative to the edge 3105B. The angled hinge points 3101 and 3103 cushion the vehicle 101 on entry and reduce tilt of the base assembly 2801. In one embodiment, the distance 3102 between the center points of the hinge points 3101 and 3103 (e.g., 3102A and 3102B) is at least a threshold distance, such as 20.9 inches. However, other distances may be used. If the distance between the center points of the hinge points 3101 and 3103 is less than the threshold distance, the base assembly 2801 will sway upon impact with the tire 1801 of the vehicle 101. By separating the hinge points 3101 and 3103 by the threshold distance, swaying upon impact between the base assembly 2801 and the tire 1801 is reduced.

[0206] Controller 109 In one embodiment, the controller 109 independently controls the first washing stage 103 and the second washing stage 105 to wash the vehicle 101. Figure 32 shows a detailed view of the controller 109 according to one embodiment.

[0207] As shown in FIG. 32, the controller 109, in one embodiment, includes a first cleaning stage module 3201 and a second cleaning stage module 3203. Generally, the first cleaning stage module 3201 controls the operation of the first cleaning stage 103 to clean the front, top, and rear of the vehicle 101. In contrast, the second cleaning stage module 3203 controls the operation of the second cleaning stage 105 to clean the sides of the vehicle 101. The control of the first cleaning stage 101 and the second cleaning stage 102 by the first cleaning stage module 3201 and the second cleaning stage 3203, respectively, are separate and independent from each other. The controller 109 may include other modules other than those shown in FIG. 32 in other embodiments.

[0208] The first cleaning stage module 3201 includes a contour module 3205, a water module 3209, and a conditioning module 3211 according to one embodiment. However, in other embodiments, the first cleaning stage module 3201 may include other modules.

[0209] The contour module 3205 determines a contour of each vehicle 101 to be cleaned by the first cleaning stage 101. As previously described, the contour of the vehicle 101 includes a plurality of height points of the vehicle 101 measured along the length of the vehicle 101 using the optical sensor 301. The contour module 3205 determines a contour of the vehicle 101 based on the sensed data received from the optical sensor 301. The sensing data is received from the optical sensor 301 and the contour module 3205 determines the height points along the length of the vehicle 101 based on the sensed data to generate a contour of the vehicle 101.

[0210] The water module 3209, in one embodiment, controls the operation of the wash unit 306. In one embodiment, the water module 3209 reciprocally controls when the nozzles 1305 in the front manifold 306A are activated (e.g., turned on) or deactivated (e.g., turned off) and when the nozzles 1307 in the rear manifold 306B are activated or deactivated.

[0211] For example, the water module 3209 may mutually control the operation of the nozzles 1305 and 1307 by turning on the nozzle 1305 of the front manifold 306A a predetermined amount of time after the vehicle 101 first crosses the optical sensor 301, and may determine when to turn off the nozzle 1305 of the front manifold 306A and turn on the nozzle 1307 of the rear manifold 306A according to the contour shape of each vehicle 101 being washed by the front washing stage 103. The water module 3209 may determine the timing of the on and off operation of the nozzles 1305 and 1307 based on when the rear of the vehicle needs to be washed according to the contour shape, and thus turn off the nozzle 1305 of the front manifold 306A and turn on the nozzle 1307 of the rear manifold 306A.

[0212] The adjustment module 3211 adjusts the position of the telescopic unit 304 according to the vehicle 101 contour. For each height point in the vehicle contour, the adjustment module 3211 provides a signal to the motor 305 indicating the amount of rotation of the motor 305 required to raise or lower the telescopic unit 304 based on the height. In one embodiment, a lookup table is stored in memory that maps different heights to the amount of vertical movement of the telescopic unit 304 required to achieve the desired height. The amount of vertical movement is converted to a predetermined number of turns of the motor 304 required to achieve the desired height.

[0213] The second washing stage module 3203 includes a water module 3215 and a lock module 3219 in one embodiment. However, the second washing stage module 3203 may include different modules than those shown in FIG.

[0214] The water module 3215, in one embodiment, controls the operation of the nozzle assembly cleaning unit 1707. The water module 3215 controls when the nozzles 2602, 2603 included in the cleaning unit 1707 are activated (e.g., turned on) or deactivated (e.g., turned off).

[0215] In one example, the water module 3215 may turn on the nozzles 2602, 2603 in response to determining a width of the second cleaning stage 105 that changes due to the vehicle 101 colliding with the base assembly 1705, 2801. The water module 3215 may then turn off the nozzles 2602, 2603 after detecting that the width of the second cleaning stage 105 has been reset to its initial position.

[0216] In one embodiment, an angle sensor may be attached to the arm 1703 of the second cleaning stage 105. The water module 3215 may receive a signal from the angle sensor indicative of the angle of the arm 1703. Based on the signal, the water module 3215 may determine a change in width of the second cleaning stage 105 when the angle of the arm 1703 changes. Thus, the water module 3215 may turn on the nozzles 2602, 2603 when it detects that the width of the second cleaning stage 105 has changed from its initial position, and may turn off the nozzles 2602, 2603 when it detects that the width of the second cleaning stage has returned to its initial position.

[0217] The locking module 3219 is configured to lock the length of the cylinder 1713 to hold the width of the second cleaning stage 105. The locking module 3219 may receive a signal from an angle sensor attached to the arm 1703 of the second cleaning stage 105. The locking module 3219 monitors the angle of the arm 1703 to determine that the arm 1703 is at a predetermined angle greater than an angle corresponding to the initial position of the arm 1703 for a threshold time (e.g., 2 seconds). The angle of the arm 1703 being constant for the threshold time means that the width of the second cleaning stage 105 is set, thereby locking the cylinder 1713.

[0218] In one embodiment, the locking module 3219 is configured to unlock the cylinder 1713 in response to determining that the vehicle 101 has exited the second wash stage 105. By knowing the position of the conveyor 107, and therefore the position of the vehicle 101, the locking module 3219 can determine when to unlock the cylinder 1713.

[0219] 1 and 32, a single controller 109 is shown. The functionality of the controllers described herein may be divided among any number of controllers. For example, the car wash 100 may include a controller that includes a first wash stage module 3201 and a separate, independent controller that includes a second wash stage module 3203. Alternatively, the controller 109 may be a single controller. Thus, embodiments herein may use a single controller or multiple controllers to control the first wash stage 103 and the second wash stage 105.

[0220] Computer Hardware Components Figure 33 illustrates a computer system 3300 in which embodiments described herein may be implemented within the car wash system 100. For example, in the context of Figure 1, the controller 109 may be implemented using a computer system such as that described by Figure 33. The controller 109 may also be implemented using a combination of multiple computer systems as described by Figure 33.

[0221] In one embodiment, the controller 109 includes processing resources 3301, a main memory 3303, a read only memory (ROM) 3305, a storage device 3307, and a communication interface 3309. The controller 109 includes at least one processor 3301 for processing information and a main memory 3303, such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device, for storing information and instructions executed by the processor 3301. The main memory 3303 may also be used to store temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions executed by the processor 3301. The controller 109 may also include a ROM 3305 or other static storage device for storing static information and instructions for the processor 801. The storage device 3307 is provided as a magnetic or optical disk or solid-state memory device or the like for storing information and instructions. In one embodiment, the contour shape of the vehicle 101 is stored in either the main memory 3303, the ROM 3305, or the storage device 3307, or a combination thereof.

[0222] The communication interface 3309 may enable the controller 109 to communicate with other computer systems using a communication link (wireless or wired). The controller 109 may include a display device 3311, such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), LCD monitor, LED monitor, TFT display, or television set, for displaying graphics and information to a user. An input mechanism 3313, such as a keyboard including alphanumeric and other keys, may be coupled to the computer system 3300 for communicating information and command selections to the processor 3301. Other non-limiting illustrative examples of the input mechanism 3313 include a mouse, a trackball, a touch-sensitive screen, or cursor direction keys for communicating directional information and command selections to the processor 3301 and controlling cursor movement on the display device 811.

[0223] Examples described herein relate to the use of the controller 109 to implement the techniques described herein. According to one embodiment, these techniques are executed by the controller 109 in response to the processor 3301 executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in the main memory 3303. Such instructions may be read into the main memory 3303 from another machine-readable medium, such as the storage device 3307. Execution of the sequences of instructions contained in the main memory 3303 causes the processor 3301 to perform the process steps described herein. In alternative implementations, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement the examples described herein. The various modules shown in FIG. 32 may be software modules or combinations thereof stored in either the main memory 3303, the ROM 3305, or the storage device 3307 for execution by the processor 3301, may be hardware modules, or may be a combination of hardware and software. Thus, the examples described are not limited to any particular combination of hardware circuitry and software.

[0224] References herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "a preferred embodiment" in various places in the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0225] In this disclosure, terms such as "first", "second", "A", "B", etc. are used herein to describe elements of the present invention. Each of these terms is not used to define the nature, order, sequence, or number of the elements, but is simply used to distinguish the corresponding element from other elements. For example, the telescopic unit 304 includes multiple rail stages 801, which include rail stages 801A, 801B, 801C, and 801D.

[0226] Certain aspects disclosed herein include process steps and instructions described herein in the form of a method. It should be noted that the process steps and instructions described herein may be implemented in software, firmware, or hardware, and that when implemented in software, they may be downloaded to reside on and operate from different platforms used by various operating systems. Furthermore, without loss of generality, it has also proven convenient at times to refer to the arrangement of operations as modules. The described operations and their associated modules may be embodied in software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof.

[0227] The foregoing embodiments also relate to an apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purposes or may comprise a general-purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such computer programs may be stored on any type of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as, but not limited to, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a CD-ROM, a magneto-optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an EPROM, an EEPROM, a magnetic or optical card, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or any type of medium suitable for storing electronic instructions, each coupled to a computer system bus. Furthermore, the computers referred to herein may include a single processor or may be architectures employing multiple processor designs to increase computing power.

[0228] The methods and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. Also, various general-purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct more specialized apparatus to perform the required method steps. The required structure for a variety of these systems may appear from the description that follows. Additionally, the embodiments are not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be understood that a variety of programming languages ​​can be used to implement the teachings described herein, and any references below to specific languages ​​are provided for purposes of enablement and best mode disclosure.

[0229] While the present disclosure has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred and several alternative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. 1. A brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle, comprising: a frame structure including a first frame rail on a first side of the frame structure and a second frame rail spaced from the first side of the frame structure on a second side of the frame structure, the first frame rail and the second frame rail being attached to the ground; a width adjustment unit configured to adjust a width of the brushless car wash system in a width direction of the vehicle according to a width of the vehicle, a first arm including a first portion connected to the first side of the frame structure and a second portion of the first arm; and a second arm including a first portion connected to the second side of the frame structure and a second portion of the second arm, wherein at least one of the first arm and the second arm includes at least one bent portion between the first portion and the second portion of the first arm in a direction toward the first side of the frame structure, or at least one bent portion between the first portion and the second portion of the second arm in a direction toward the second side of the frame structure, a width adjustment unit including a first base assembly connected to the second portion of the first arm and a second base assembly connected to the second portion of the second arm, the first base assembly and the second base assembly configured to physically contact the vehicle to adjust the width of the brushless car wash system according to a width of the vehicle; a washing unit mounted to the first base assembly and the second base assembly and configured to spray water onto multiple sides of an exterior of the vehicle to wash the vehicle while the brushless car wash system is in an adjusted width.

2. 2. The brushless car wash system of claim 1, wherein the width of the brushless car wash system returns to the width of the brushless car wash system prior to adjusting according to the width of the vehicle using gravity without the use of a device that actively resets the width of the brushless car wash system.

3. 2. The brushless car wash system of claim 1, wherein the first base assembly is configured to simultaneously contact a driver side front tire and a driver side rear tire and the second base assembly is configured to simultaneously contact a passenger side front tire and a passenger side rear tire.

4. The brushless car wash system of claim 1, wherein the first base assembly is configured to contact the driver's side front tire without contacting the driver's side rear tire or to contact the driver's side rear tire without contacting the driver's side front tire, and the second base assembly is configured to contact the passenger's side front tire without contacting the passenger's side rear tire or to contact the passenger's side rear tire without contacting the passenger's side front tire.

5. 2. The brushless car wash system of claim 1, wherein the first base assembly is connected to the frame structure via a pair of first arms and the second base assembly is connected to the frame structure via a pair of second arms.

6. 6. The brushless car wash system of claim 5, wherein the first base assembly is connected to the pair of first arms via a pair of first hinge points, the pair of first hinge points being offset from one another in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the second base assembly is connected to the pair of second arms via a pair of second hinge points, the pair of second hinge points being offset from one another in the vertical and horizontal directions.

7. 2. The brushless car wash system of claim 1, wherein each of the first arm and the second arm further comprises a third portion between the first portion and the second portion, and the at least one bend includes a first bend between the first portion and the third portion and a second bend between the second portion and the third portion.

8. 8. The brushless car wash system of claim 7, wherein a length of the first portion of each of the first and second arms is the same as a length of the second portion of each of the first and second arms.

9. 8. The brushless car wash system of claim 7, wherein an angle of the first bend of each of the first arm and the second arm is the same as an angle of the second bend of each of the first arm and the second arm.

10. 8. The brushless car wash system of claim 7, wherein the center of gravity of the first arm located on the right side of the vehicle is to the right of a hinge point between the first arm and the frame structure while the brushless car wash system is in the adjusted width, and the center of gravity of the second arm located on the left side of the vehicle is to the left of a hinge point between the second arm and the frame structure while the brushless car wash system is in the adjusted width.

11. 8. The brushless car wash system of claim 7, further comprising a plurality of weights each attached to the first portion of a corresponding one of the first arm or the second arm.

12. 8. The brushless car wash system of claim 7, further comprising a plurality of weights each attached to the third portion of a corresponding one of the first arm or the second arm.

13. The brushless car wash system of claim 1 , wherein a motion path of the first base assembly and the second base assembly when adjusting the width of the brushless car wash system is curved.

14. 2. The brushless car wash system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder including a first end coupled to a top surface of a corresponding one of the first base assembly or the second base assembly and a second end coupled to a different portion of the frame structure.

15. a plurality of cylinders, each of which couples a corresponding one of the first base assembly or the second base assembly to a different portion of the frame structure; 5. The brushless car wash system of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of cylinders is configured to lock a length of each of the plurality of cylinders to maintain the adjusted width of the brushless car wash system when the first base assembly is not in contact with either the driver side front tire or the driver side rear tire and the second base assembly is not in contact with either the passenger side front tire or the passenger side rear tire.

16. 15. The brushless car wash system of claim 14, wherein in a plan view of the brushless car wash system, a first angle is formed between a reference line in the direction of the vehicle through the brushless car wash system and one of the plurality of cylinders, and a second angle is formed between a reference line in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the vehicle and a portion of one of the first base assembly or the second base assembly that physically contacts the vehicle to adjust the width of the brushless car wash system, the sum of the first angle and the second angle being 90 degrees.

17. 2. The brushless car wash system of claim 1, wherein the washing unit includes a first set of nozzles and a second set of nozzles, the first set of nozzles configured to wash side mirrors of the vehicle, and the second set of nozzles configured to wash remaining sides of the vehicle excluding the side mirrors.

18. 20. The brushless car wash system of claim 17, wherein a length of the first set of nozzles is less than a length of the second set of nozzles.

19. 20. The brushless car wash system of claim 17, wherein, in a plan view of the brushless car wash system, the first set of nozzles spray water toward the side mirror at an angle formed relative to a reference line that is aligned in a direction perpendicular to movement of the vehicle through the brushless car wash system.

20. 1. A brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle, comprising: The frame structure, a width adjustment unit configured to adjust a width of the brushless car wash system in a width direction of the vehicle according to a width of the vehicle, a plurality of arms, each of the arms including a first portion and a second portion connected to the frame structure, at least one of the arms including at least one bend between the first portion and the second portion of the arm; a width adjustment unit including: a plurality of base assemblies, each connected to one or more of the second portions of the plurality of arms, the plurality of base assemblies suspended above the ground and configured to physically contact the vehicle to adjust the width of the brushless car wash system according to the width of the vehicle; a washing unit mounted to the plurality of base assemblies and configured to spray water onto a plurality of sides of an exterior of the vehicle to wash the vehicle while the brushless car wash system is at the adjusted width.

21. 1. A brushless car wash system for washing a vehicle, comprising: The frame structure, a width adjustment unit configured to adjust a width of the brushless car wash system in a width direction of the vehicle according to a width of the vehicle, the width adjustment unit including a plurality of arms and a plurality of base assemblies depending from the frame structure via the plurality of arms, each of the plurality of arms including at least one bend; a washing unit mounted to the plurality of base assemblies and configured to spray water onto a plurality of sides of an exterior of the vehicle to wash the vehicle while the brushless car wash system is at the adjusted width.

Images