Charcoal kiln

Abstract

A charcoal-making furnace for carbonizing a raw material to produce charcoal, wherein the charcoal-making furnace comprises: a raw material combustion unit including a bottom wall and side walls that rise and extend from the peripheral edges of the bottom wall, the raw material combustion unit combusting a raw material therein to carbonize the raw material; a gas inflow unit that is a pipeline arranged on the bottom wall or embedded in the bottom wall; and a chimney that is tubular and that includes a region extending upward, the chimney being such that an opening provided on one end side communicates with the gas inflow unit and the other end side is exposed to the outside of the charcoal-making furnace, the aforementioned side walls being a combination of a plurality of panels that can be fixed to each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a charcoal kiln.

Background Art

[0002] As a type of charcoal kiln, an open-type flat kiln with an open upper surface of the kiln is known. As an open-type flat kiln, a charcoal kiln has been proposed that includes four side walls, an iron plate as a kiln bottom, and a chimney for discharging the gas generated during carbonization (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The open-type flat kiln has the advantage that its structure is simple and a large amount of charcoal can be produced at one time. It is desired to further improve the convenience of the charcoal kiln by fully utilizing this advantage.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a highly convenient charcoal kiln.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The carbonization furnace according to the present disclosure carbonizes raw materials to produce carbon. The carbonization furnace includes a raw material combustion section, a gas inlet section inside the raw material combustion section, and a chimney. The raw material combustion section includes a bottom wall and side walls rising and extending from the periphery of the bottom wall, and burns the raw materials inside to carbonize the raw materials. The gas inlet section is a pipeline arranged on the bottom wall or embedded in the bottom wall. The chimney is cylindrical and includes a region extending upward. An opening provided at one end side of the chimney communicates with the gas inlet section, and the other end side of the chimney is exposed to the outside of the carbonization furnace. In the carbonization furnace according to the present disclosure, the side walls are formed by combining a plurality of panels that can be fixed to each other.

Advantages of the Invention

[0007] According to the above carbonization furnace, in addition to having a simple structure and being able to produce a large amount of carbon at one time, a highly convenient carbonization furnace can be obtained.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] [Overview of Embodiment] First, embodiments of the present disclosure will be listed and described. The charcoal kiln of the present disclosure carbonizes raw materials to produce charcoal. The charcoal kiln includes a raw material combustion section, a gas inlet section inside the raw material combustion section, and a chimney. The raw material combustion section includes a bottom wall and side walls rising and extending from the periphery of the bottom wall, and burns the raw materials inside to carbonize the raw materials. The gas inlet section is a pipeline arranged on the bottom wall or embedded in the bottom wall. The chimney is cylindrical and includes a region extending upward, and an opening provided at one end communicates with the gas inlet section, and the other end is exposed to the outside of the charcoal kiln. In the charcoal kiln according to the present disclosure, the side walls are formed by combining a plurality of panels that can be fixed to each other.

[0010] Conventionally, as an open-type charcoal kiln, one having side walls formed by stacking concrete blocks has been known (Patent Document 1). Also, it has been known that the bottom of the charcoal kiln has a double structure of a kiln bottom surface and a kiln floor provided above the kiln bottom surface and spaced apart from the kiln bottom surface and having ventilation holes, and the space between the kiln bottom surface and the kiln floor is a ventilation space (Patent Document 1). According to this charcoal kiln, there is an advantage that a charcoal kiln with a simple structure can produce a large amount of charcoal at one time. On the other hand, such a charcoal kiln is premised on installation, and moving the entire installed charcoal kiln has not been considered.

[0011] In contrast, in the charcoal kiln of the present disclosure, the gas inlet is provided on the bottom wall or embedded in the bottom wall. That is, it does not have a so-called double-bottom structure. Further, in the charcoal kiln of the present disclosure, the side walls of the raw material combustion furnace are formed by combining a plurality of panels that can be fixed to each other. These structures facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the charcoal kiln, and it becomes easy to move and use the charcoal kiln installed in one place to another place.

[0012] The above-mentioned charcoal kiln may be such that the bottom wall is formed by combining a plurality of panels that can be fixed to each other. By making the bottom wall also consist of a plurality of panels in addition to the side walls, the assembly and disassembly of the charcoal kiln become easier. Further, by adopting a structure in which the large-area bottom wall can be divided into a plurality of parts, the labor in assembly and movement is reduced, and it becomes easy to secure a storage place.

[0013] The above-mentioned charcoal kiln may be a panel including a metal plate material and an inorganic material heat insulating board. By using a panel including a metal plate material and an inorganic material heat insulating board, the required strength is ensured, the temperature rise outside the charcoal kiln is suppressed even during charcoal production, and a safer charcoal kiln can be realized regardless of the installation location.

[0014] The above-mentioned charcoal kiln can be such that the gas inlet includes a plurality of branch portions and a confluence portion formed by the confluence of the plurality of branch portions, with one end communicating with the chimney, and a plurality of holes are provided on the upper surface of the branch portion at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the branch portion. With this configuration, the temperature uniformity in the raw material combustion part during charcoal production can be improved. By improving the temperature uniformity in the raw material combustion part, it becomes easier to control the carbonization of the raw material, and a charcoal kiln with excellent operability is obtained.

[0015] In the above-described charcoal kiln, the chimney may be disposed outside the raw material combustion section. If the chimney is disposed outside the raw material combustion section, the raw material, charcoal, and the chimney will not come into contact with each other, so that the chimney can be prevented from being damaged when the raw material is charged or the charcoal is taken out. Further, since carbide will not adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the chimney, maintenance during the assembly and disassembly of the charcoal kiln becomes easy.

[0016] The above-described charcoal kiln may be assembled by fixing or separating a plurality of panels to or from each other. Conventionally, it has been common sense to transport the raw material to the installation location of the charcoal kiln and perform charcoal production. On the other hand, according to the charcoal kiln of the present disclosure, the charcoal kiln can be transported to the location where the raw material is located, and charcoal production can be performed at the location where the raw material is located.

[0017] The above-described charcoal kiln may be mounted on the loading platform of a vehicle. The charcoal kiln mounted on the loading platform of the vehicle is easy to move. The vehicle moves to the location where the raw material is located to perform charcoal production. After the charcoal production, part or all of the charcoal kiln can be disassembled as necessary and moved to the next location while being mounted on the vehicle.

[0018] [Details of Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the charcoal kiln according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings below. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

[0019] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 1 which is an example of the charcoal kiln in the present disclosure. The charcoal kiln 1 includes a raw material combustion section 10, a flue 50 which is a gas inflow section, and a chimney 80. The charcoal kiln 1 includes a first box section 10 which is a raw material combustion section, and a second box section 40 in which the lower part of the chimney 80 is accommodated. The raw material combustion section 10 includes a bottom wall 11 and four side walls 12 that rise and extend from the periphery of the bottom wall. Side wall panels 12a, 12b constitute the side walls 12.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the charcoal kiln in the present disclosure. In Figure 2, the X-axis direction is referred to as the length direction of the charcoal kiln 1, the Y-axis direction is referred to as the width direction of the charcoal kiln 1, and the Z-axis direction is referred to as the height direction of the charcoal kiln 1. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the raw material combustion section 10 includes a substantially square bottom wall 11 and four side walls 12 rising from each side of its periphery. The bottom wall 11 is formed by fixing two panels 11a and 11b to each other. Each of the four side walls 12 has two panels 12a and 12b fixed to each other. In Embodiment 1, the side wall 12 and the bottom wall 11 are each composed of two panels, but the number of panels is not limited to this. Depending on the dimensions of the charcoal kiln, the convenience of transportation, etc., the side wall can be composed of 2 to 10 panels. Also, the bottom wall can be composed of 2 to 10 panels. Furthermore, by changing the number of panels, the capacity of the charcoal kiln can be made variable according to the installation location and the amount of raw materials. In Embodiment 1, the panels 12a and 12b of the side wall 12 are configured as two panels divided left and right. As another embodiment, it may be in a mode of combining a plurality of panels divided in the vertical direction.

[0021] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a flue 50 as a gas inlet portion is provided along the bottom wall 11 on the bottom wall 11 of the raw material combustion section 10. The flue 50 includes branch streams 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d that extend along each of the four side walls 12 and are spaced apart from the side walls 12. The branch streams 50a and 50c extend in the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the charcoal kiln 1. The branch streams 50b and 50d extend in the length direction (X-axis direction) of the charcoal kiln 1. Between the branch streams 50b and 50d, branch streams 50e and 50f that are parallel to the branch streams 50b and 50d and are spaced apart from each other are provided. The branch streams 50a to 50f are connected to and communicate with each other. The branch streams 50a to 50f merge at a confluence portion 50g. One end of the confluence portion 50g is connected to and communicates with a chimney 80. A side wall 129, which is one of the side walls 12 of the raw material fuel section 10, is provided so as to straddle the confluence portion 50g of the gas inlet portion 50. The side wall 129 is also one of the side walls of the second casing portion 40. The lower portion of the chimney 80 is accommodated in the second casing portion 40. That is, the chimney 80 is disposed outside the raw material combustion section 10 (the first casing portion 10). The upper portion of the chimney 80 protrudes from the charcoal kiln 1. Water can be stored in the second casing portion 40.

[0022] On each upper surface of the branch streams 50a to 50f, a plurality of ventilation holes 51 are provided at intervals along their longitudinal directions. In Embodiment 1, the intervals between the ventilation holes 51 are arranged to become smaller as the distance from the chimney 80 increases. Specifically, for example, the interval d between the ventilation holes 51 at a position approximately 1 / 4 from the downstream side (the side close to the chimney 80) in the branch stream 50b 1 is the interval d between the ventilation holes 51 in the branch stream 50c at a position farther from the chimney 80 2It is larger. The distance between the ventilation holes 51 may change continuously according to the distance from the chimney. Also, the distance between the ventilation holes 51 may change stepwise according to the distance from the chimney. Specifically, for example, starting from the part close to the chimney 80, the distance between the ventilation holes 51 may be changed in three steps: large (e.g., 500 mm), medium (e.g., 400 mm), and small (e.g., 300 mm). By narrowing the distance between the ventilation holes, or in other words, increasing the number of ventilation holes, in the part relatively far from the chimney, the variation in the gas suction from each ventilation hole 51 into the flue 50 during charcoal production can be reduced. By reducing the variation in gas suction, the uneven combustion and temperature unevenness in the charcoal kiln during charcoal production are reduced, and carbonization proceeds uniformly. That is, the control of carbonization becomes easy, it is possible to stably carbonize a wide range of materials, and a charcoal kiln with excellent operability is realized.

[0023] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bottom wall 11, side wall 12, and flue 50 in Embodiment 1. Referring to FIG. 3, the bottom wall 11 is composed of a panel including an uppermost surface 111 that is an iron plate, an intermediate layer 112 that is a heat insulating board, and a lowermost surface 113 that is an iron plate. The side wall 12 is composed of a panel including an inner member 121 that is an iron plate, a heat insulating member 122 that is a heat insulating board, and an outer member 123 that is a reinforcing material made of, for example, an iron plate or a reinforcing bar. The panel constituting the bottom wall 11 and the panel constituting the side wall 12 may have the same configuration or different configurations. The thicknesses of the bottom wall 11 and the side wall 12 are not particularly limited, but for example, an iron plate with a thickness of 7 to 12 mm and a heat insulating board with a thickness of 15 to 60 mm made of an inorganic material such as calcium silicate can be combined and used. With such a configuration, even when the inside of the raw material combustion part reaches, for example, 700 to 800 °C during charcoal production, the outer surface of the charcoal kiln can be maintained at about 40 to 60 °C. That is, a charcoal kiln with high safety and few installation location restrictions can be obtained. The heat insulating board is not particularly limited as long as the required heat insulating performance can be obtained, but refractory bricks, urethane-based foamed heat insulating materials, refractory cement molded by pouring or coating, refractory mortar, etc. can be used. Specifically, for example, when using Asahi Caster (trade name, manufactured by AGC Ceramics Co., Ltd.), etc., a panel with high heat insulation and light weight can be obtained.

[0024] The flue 50 is a pipeline formed by combining a first flue member 55 and a second flue member 56. The first flue member 55 is a pair of L-shaped steel materials extending in the longitudinal direction of the flue 50. Each of the pair of first flue members 55 has a base portion fixed on the bottom wall 11 and a wall portion rising from one end of the base portion. The second flue member 56 is a steel material extending in the longitudinal direction of the flue 50, and has a flat upper surface provided with ventilation holes 51 (Figure 2), and two side surfaces hanging down from both sides of the upper surface and combined so as to cover the outside of the wall portion of the first flue member 55. By configuring the flue 50 in this way, the assembly and disassembly of the charcoal kiln become easy. In addition, the volume when the charcoal kiln is disassembled is reduced, making it easy to transport. Also, the flue is easy to maintain. The width and height of the flue 50 can be appropriately set according to the capacity of the charcoal kiln. For example, the height can be about 70 to 200 mm and the width can be about 150 to 300 mm. The flue shown in Figure 3 has a height of 100 mm and a width of 200 mm.

[0025] FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the charcoal kiln in the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 4, in the panel 12a of the side wall 12, the inner member 121 and the heat insulating material 122 are separable from each other. Using the columns 31 and 32 of the raw material combustion section 10, the heat insulating member 122 is erected. Reinforcing members 123 are arranged at both ends and the center of the heat insulating member 122. The inner member 121, which is an iron plate, covers the inner surface and the upper surface of the heat insulating member 122 and extends from the upper surface and wraps around to a part of the outer surface. At the time of installation, the inner member 121 is suspended from above along the heat insulating member 122. A handle 124 is attached to the center of the upper surface of the inner member 121. The panel 12a has a fixing member 125 at one end thereof so as to connect the boundary portion between the panel 12a and the panel 12b. By the fixing member 125, the panel 12a and the panel 12b are fixed to each other. The fixing member 125 not only fixes the panels 12a and 12b to each other, but also improves the heat insulation by covering the inside of the raw material combustion section with an iron plate without gaps. Note that the fixing of the panels to each other is not limited to such a mode. For example, columns and guide members may be used to prevent the panels from shifting. For example, locking members such as clasps and wires may be provided on the panels to fix them to each other.

[0026] FIG. 5 shows an example of the charcoal kiln in the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 5, the charcoal kiln 1 is provided with a roof 70 that covers both the first chamber portion 10, which is a raw material combustion section, and the second chamber portion 40 that houses the lower part of the chimney 80. The roof 70 is supported by a total of six columns, namely, four columns 31 standing at the four corners of the raw material combustion section 10 and two columns 101 standing at two corners not shared with the raw material combustion section of the second chamber portion 40. The roof 70 includes a first roof member 71 that covers the raw material combustion section 10 and a second roof member 72 that covers the second chamber portion 40. The two columns 31 on the side away from the second chamber portion 40 have connection portions 73 at their upper ends. At the connection portion 73, the first roof member 71 and the column 31 are separable. Further, a receiving portion 74 is provided above the two columns 31 that are also columns of the second chamber portion 40. At the receiving portion 74, the first roof member 71 can be received. In the first roof member 71, a pair of support portions 75 into which the forks of a forklift can be inserted are provided at the lower part of the roof plate support structure.

[0027] FIG. 6 shows a state where the first roof member 71 is removed. When removing the first roof member 71, for example, insert the fork of a forklift into the support portion 75 and then raise the fork. Thereby, the support column of the first roof member 71 can be removed from the connection portion 73 and the receiving portion 74. Then, reverse the forklift and lower the fork to lower the first roof member 71 to the ground. Of course, the first roof member 71 may be removed by another method. For example, it may be removed by hand. The first roof member 71 can be attached and detached as needed. For example, when charging raw materials into the raw material combustion unit 10 or when the flame rises high during the charcoal making process, the first roof member 71 can be removed.

[0028] In the charcoal making furnace 1, by making the first roof member 71 that covers the raw material combustion unit 10 detachable, during the charcoal making process, the roof can be removed when the flame rises high, and the roof can be attached in other processes. During the entire charcoal making process, the time when the flame rises high is short, but in conventional charcoal making furnaces, since the roof was fixed, it was necessary to ensure a sufficient height of the roof so that the roof would not be burned even when the flame rose high. Also, if the roof is made high, it is more susceptible to the influence of the wind, so it has been desired to ensure the wind resistance of the roof and the strength of the support columns. On the other hand, in the charcoal making furnace of the present disclosure, by adopting a detachable roof, there is no need to make the roof high, and it can be made into a charcoal making furnace that is easy to assemble and disassemble and easy to transport.

[0029] The first roof member 71 and the second roof member 72 may be provided with the roof plate inclined or horizontally, but it is preferably provided inclined. The inclination of the roof plate can be set according to the purpose and necessity by the design of the framework structure that supports the roof plate. Also, the specific shape of the roof plate is not particularly limited, but for example, corrugated plates or flat plate materials can be used. The roof plate is preferably a corrugated plate. In addition to the first roof member 71, it is also preferable to make the second roof member 72 detachable.

[0030] Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the chimney 80 is connected to the flue 50 and extends upward in a square tubular shape. It has a first portion 81 that is a square tube extending upward and connected to the flue 50, and a second portion 82 that is a cylindrical tube extending upward from the upper end of the first portion 81. The second portion 82 may be in a form where a plurality of cylinders are connected. The second enclosure 40 surrounding the lower part of the chimney 80 shares one of the four side walls 42 with the first enclosure (raw material combustion section) 10. The other three side walls 42 are also composed of panels having the same configuration as the panels constituting the side wall 12 of the raw material combustion section 10. The panels 11a and 11b constituting the bottom wall 11 of the first enclosure 10 also constitute the bottom wall 41 of the second enclosure 40.

[0031] (Modification example) The charcoal kiln 1 can take various embodiments other than those described above. For example, the shape, arrangement, and number of branches of the flue can be appropriately changed according to the dimensions of the raw material combustion section 10. Also, the position and shape of the chimney 80 can be appropriately changed. For example, the chimney 80 can be arranged at the corner of the second enclosure 40. Also, the second portion 82 of the chimney is not limited to a mode of extending linearly upward. For example, it may be a cylinder having a bent portion including two or more vertical portions extending upward and a connecting portion connecting the vertical portions and extending obliquely. Further, a heat exchanger may be disposed in the chimney 80 to form a binary power generation device that generates electricity using the heat discharged during charcoal production.

[0032] (Embodiment 2) FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of Embodiment 2, which is an example of the charcoal kiln in the present disclosure. Embodiment 2 has substantially the same configuration as Embodiment 1 except for the configuration of the gas inlet portion and the overall dimensions. The configuration different from Embodiment 1 will be mainly described. In FIG. 9, the X-axis direction is referred to as the length direction of the charcoal kiln 1, the Y-axis direction is referred to as the width direction of the charcoal kiln 1, and the Z-axis direction is referred to as the height direction of the charcoal kiln 1.

[0033] Referring to Fig. 9, the charcoal kiln 1 includes a first chamber portion 10 which is a raw material combustion section, a second chamber portion 40 that houses a chimney 80, and the chimney 80. The raw material combustion section 10 includes a bottom wall 11 and four side walls 12 that rise and extend from the periphery of the bottom wall 11. Each of the side walls 12 is formed by a plurality of panels combined with each other. Specifically, the side wall 12 extending in the length direction of the raw material combustion section 10 is formed by combining four panels 12a to 12d. The side wall 12 extending in the width direction of the raw material combustion section 10 is formed by combining two panels.

[0034] Inside the raw material combustion section 10, a flue 500 which is a gas inflow section is provided. The flue 500 includes branch streams 500a, 500b extending in the length direction of the raw material combustion section 10 and branch streams 500c, 500d extending in the width direction of the raw material combustion section 10. One end of each of the branch streams 500c, 500d is separated from the side wall 12, and the other end is in contact with the side wall 12. By removing the side wall 12 on the side where the ends of the branch streams 500c, 500d are in contact and joining another identical bottom wall 11, a charcoal kiln having twice the bottom area can also be configured.

[0035] Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the side wall 12 and the bottom wall 11 in Embodiment 2. The configuration of the side wall 12 is the same as that in Embodiment 1 and the description thereof is omitted. In Embodiment 2, the flue 500 is embedded in the bottom wall 11. In Embodiment 2, the bottom wall 11 is formed by stacking a top surface 141 which is an iron plate, a heat insulating member 142 which is a heat insulating board, a bottom surface 143 which is an iron plate, and further a heat insulating member 144 and an iron plate 145. By providing a concave portion in a part of the heat insulating member 142, the flue 500 is formed. The upper surface of the flue 500 is covered by a lid 520 which is an iron plate provided with ventilation holes 510. According to the structure in which the flue is embedded in the bottom wall, the bottom surface of the raw material combustion section can be configured to be flat. Since the bottom surface of the raw material combustion section is flat, a charcoal kiln with excellent workability is obtained.

[0036] FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a state in which the panels constituting the side wall are removed in the coal carbonization furnace 1 according to the second embodiment. When moving the coal carbonization furnace 1, the panels constituting the side wall can be removed, and the coal carbonization furnace 1 can be mounted on the loading platform of a vehicle and transported in the state shown in FIG. 11. Referring to FIG. 11, the coal carbonization furnace 1 has columns 31 erected at the four corners of the first box part 10 and columns 101 erected at the two corners not shared with the first box part 10 in the second box part 40. Further, between the columns 31, a plurality of columns 32 are erected at equal intervals from each other. The column 32 can be configured to support the panel and maintain the overall structure, for example. A plurality of members 160, which are reinforcing members extending in the horizontal direction, are provided so as to connect the columns 31, 32, and 101.

[0037] FIG. 12 shows an example of the coal carbonization furnace in the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 12, the coal carbonization furnace 1 is provided with a roof 70 that covers both the raw material combustion part 10, which is the first box part, and the second box part 40 that houses the lower part of the chimney 80. In the coal carbonization furnace 1 shown in FIG. 12, the first box part 10, which is the raw material combustion part, and the second box part 40 have basically the same configuration as in the second embodiment. The roof 70 includes a first roof member 71 that covers the first box part 10 and a second roof member 72 that covers the second box part 40.

[0038] Receiving parts 171 and 172 are provided at the upper parts of the columns 31 so as to connect the columns 31 arranged in the width direction of the first box part 10. The receiving parts 171 and 172 receive the first roof member 71. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the receiving part 171. Referring to FIG. 13, the receiving part 171 has a bottom surface 171a extending from one column 31 to the other column 31 and side surfaces 171b rising from both ends extending in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface. FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the receiving part 172. Referring to FIG. 14, the receiving part 172 has a bottom surface 172a extending from one column 31 to the other column 31 and side surfaces 172b rising from both ends extending in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 12, the first roof member 71 is placed on the receiving portions 171 and 172. A holding member 175 that connects the first roof member 71 and the support column 31 is provided. The holding member 175 is, for example, a chain having a detachable locking portion, and fixes the first roof member 71 so that the first roof member 71 does not shift or fly due to the influence of wind or the like. The first roof member 71 can be attached and detached, for example, using a forklift.

[0040] (Installation of charcoal kiln) The charcoal kiln of the present disclosure can be assembled and disassembled by fixing or separating a plurality of panels constituting the side wall and the bottom wall. Disassembly of the charcoal kiln is, for example, removing the roof 70 of the charcoal kiln 1 in Embodiment 1, disassembling the chimney 80, and further dividing the side wall 12 into each panel to remove the side wall 12. Next, the second flue member 52 constituting the flue 50 is removed as necessary. Finally, the bottom plate 11 is divided. These members constituting the charcoal kiln 1 can be collectively accommodated in, for example, one container and transported. Move to the target location and assemble the charcoal kiln 1 in the reverse procedure of disassembly. Since the charcoal kiln 1 of the present disclosure is a power-free device that does not require external power, charcoal can be produced at the location of the raw material or near it regardless of the location.

[0041] The charcoal kiln of the present disclosure may be mounted on the loading platform of a vehicle such as a truck in a partially or fully assembled state. The charcoal kilns 1 of Embodiments 1 and 2 are composed of panels with excellent heat insulation performance for the bottom wall 11 and the side wall 12, and when charcoal production is carried out, the temperature rise on the outer surface of the charcoal kiln is small. Therefore, charcoal can be safely produced even with the charcoal kiln 1 mounted on the vehicle.

[0042] FIG. 7 shows an example of the installation mode of the charcoal kiln in the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7(a), the charcoal kiln 1 may be installed on the ground. When the charcoal kiln 1 is installed on the ground, excavation work is not required, and the installation, disassembly, and removal work are easy. Also, since there is no soil around unlike the case of installing in the ground, it is not necessary to consider the influence of earth pressure. This is preferable in the case of a small-sized charcoal kiln with a low side wall and when materials can be directly charged with a forklift or the like. Also, as shown in FIG. 7(b), a hole with a depth about half of the side wall may be excavated and the installation may be carried out in such a manner that about half of the raw material combustion part is buried in the ground. For example, when the height of the side wall is about 1600 to 2000 mm, a hole of about 1 m may be prepared, so the efficiency of the charcoal production work can be improved by performing simple excavation work. Also, as shown in FIG. 7(c), a hole with a depth about the same as the height of the side wall may be excavated and the charcoal kiln 1 may be installed. In this case, since the height of the ground and the upper end of the raw material combustion part are almost the same, the workability is high. This is preferable when using the charcoal kiln without moving it. When the charcoal kiln is installed in the ground as shown in FIG. 7(c), it is also preferable to install a retaining plate around the side wall 12.

[0043] (Method of using the charcoal kiln) Next, a method of producing charcoal using the charcoal kiln 1 will be described. Generally, it is as follows. That is, raw materials are stacked in multiple layers on the raw material combustion part 10. Next, the raw material located inside and surrounded by the stacked raw materials is carbonized by steaming. At this time, the raw materials stacked on the upper part serve as a lid. That is, the high-temperature gas generated by the combustion of the raw material located inside does not flow upward due to the presence of the "lid", and flows into the flue ducts 50, 500 through the ventilation holes 51, 510 provided in the flue ducts 50, 500. The gas that has flowed in is exhausted to the outside of the charcoal kiln 1 through the chimney 80.

[0044] In the carbonization furnace of the present disclosure, the raw material to be carbonized may be a woody material derived from the natural environment, such as thinned wood or fallen trees caused by natural disasters. It may also be wood debris derived from houses or buildings, or residues and wastes such as fruit trees and plants generated from agricultural production. Since the carbonization furnace of the present disclosure can be assembled or disassembled and is a portable carbonization furnace, carbonization can be carried out at the location of the raw material. In recent years, due to disasters such as large-scale typhoons and earthquakes, there have been cases where a large amount of fallen trees and wood debris are generated. In such cases, the treatment may not proceed due to various factors, and secondary damage may occur due to moisture, odor, and the growth of mold. On the other hand, according to the carbonization furnace of the present disclosure, it can be moved to the necessary place at the necessary time and carbon can be produced without power as a material that can be utilized locally. Furthermore, if a carbonization furnace equipped with a power generation device is used, electrical energy that can be immediately utilized can also be supplied.

[0045] Specific examples of the method for manufacturing carbon are as follows, for example. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a raw material is charged into the carbonization furnace of the present disclosure. First, raw material X of small-piece wood 1 ~X 3 is prepared from fallen trees and the like as the raw material. Referring to FIG. 8, raw material X 1 is spread over the bottom wall 11 or the flue 50 so as not to form a large cavity, and is arranged flat and evenly. Then, the entire raw material X 1 is ignited with a torch or the like. After confirming that the raw material X 1 has reached a blazing state, raw material X 2 is spread over it so as not to form a large cavity, and is arranged flat and evenly. After confirming that the fire has spread to the added raw material X 2 , raw material X 3 is spread over it so that no cavity is formed, and is arranged flat and evenly. At this time, although different from FIG. 8, raw material X 3 is arranged so as to be higher than the side wall 12. In FIG. 8, X 1 ~X 3 are shown in different patterns, but raw material X 1 ~X 3 may be the same or may be different raw materials.

[0046] Next, raw material X 1 and X 2 To form a barrier layer that blocks raw material X from the outside air, the entire upper part of raw material X 3 is pressed. By doing so, raw material X 1 , X 2 is blocked from the outside air and can be in a steamed state. As a result, the carbonization of raw material X 1 , X 2 is promoted. Carbonization may be performed at a temperature of about 600°C to 1000°C. As described above, when the carbonization of raw material X 1 , X 2 is promoted, the volume of the entire raw material decreases and becomes the state shown in FIG. 8. After the carbonization of raw material X 1 , X 2 is completed, new raw material is spread and arranged on raw material X 3 . Then, the entire upper part of the arranged raw material is pressed in the same manner as above to make it airtight and form a barrier layer. In this way, the carbonization of raw material X 3 is promoted. Such steps are repeated multiple times to produce charcoal.

[0047] When producing the above charcoal, high-temperature gas is generated by the combustion of the raw material. Since the outflow of the high-temperature gas upward is restricted by the barrier layer, it goes toward the lower side where the flue 50 provided with the ventilation holes 51 is located. Then, the gas flows into the flue through the ventilation holes 51 provided on the upper surface of the flue 50. Then, the inflowed gas flows from the flue 50 to the chimney 80 and is discharged to the outside of the chimney 80.

[0048] When finishing carbonization, water can be poured into the raw material combustion part 10 to extinguish the fire. Also, the raw material (carbide) inside the raw material combustion part can be covered to extinguish the fire. The covering is not particularly limited as long as it can block air and stop combustion. Specifically, for example, a heat-resistant sheet, a heat-resistant panel made of metal or inorganic material, etc. can be used. The method of covering to extinguish the fire is preferable because the process time can be shortened compared to pouring water.

[0049] (Example) Using the charcoal kiln shown in Embodiment 1, charcoal production was carried out. The dimensions of the raw material combustion section were length 3900 mm × width 3900 mm × height 1500 mm. The panel constituting the bottom wall was composed of an iron plate with a thickness of 9 mm and a heat insulating board with a thickness of 25 mm or 50 mm. The panel constituting the side wall was composed of an iron plate with a thickness of 9 mm and a heat insulating board with a thickness of 25 mm or 50 mm. About 10 tons of rice husks and bamboo were charged as charcoal raw materials over 5 hours. The temperature inside the raw material combustion section during charcoal production was about 700°C. At that time, the temperature of the outer surface of the charcoal kiln was maintained at about 40°C. Water was poured in to extinguish the fire 70 hours after the start of carbonization, and the charcoal production was completed. One week later, the degree of dryness was checked, the charcoal was taken out, and it was separated by passing it through a sieve device. About 2 tons of charcoal were obtained.

[0050] It should be understood that all the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive in any way. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims be included.

Industrial Applicability

[0051] The charcoal kiln of the present invention can be particularly advantageously applied as a charcoal kiln for which it is required to carry out charcoal production at the location of the raw materials.

Explanation of Signs

[0052] 1 charcoal kiln, 10 first chamber (raw material combustion section), 11 bottom wall, 12 side walls, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d panels, 31, 32, 101 struts, 40 second chamber, 50, 500 flue, 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 500a, 500b, 500c, 500d branch sections, 50g confluence section, 51, 510 ventilation holes, 55 first flue member, 56 second flue member, 70 roof, 71 first roof member, 72 second roof member, 73 connection section, 74, 171, 172 receiving sections, 80 chimney, 81 first part, 82 second part, 111, 141 topmost surface, 112 middle layer, 113 bottommost surface, 121 inner member, 122, 142, 144 heat insulating members, 123 outer member, 124 handle, 125 fixing member, 143 bottom surface, 145 iron plate, 160 member, 520 lid

Claims

1. A charcoal kiln for carbonizing raw materials to produce charcoal, comprising: a bottom wall and side walls rising and extending from the periphery of the bottom wall, and a raw material combustion section for burning the raw materials inside to carbonize the raw materials; a gas inlet section which is a pipeline arranged on the bottom wall or embedded in the bottom wall; a chimney which is cylindrical and includes a region extending upward, and an opening provided at one end communicates with the gas inlet section, and the other end is exposed to the outside of the charcoal kiln; a roof member supported by columns, covering the raw material combustion section and being detachable; and comprising; the side walls are formed by combining a plurality of panels that can be fixed to each other; the gas inlet section includes a plurality of branch sections and a confluence section formed by the confluence of the plurality of branch sections, and one end communicates with the chimney; a plurality of holes are provided on the upper surface of the branch section at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the branch section, and the interval between the holes in the portion closer to the chimney is larger than the interval between the holes in the portion farther from the chimney; a charcoal kiln.

2. The charcoal kiln according to claim 1, wherein the bottom wall is formed by combining a plurality of panels that can be fixed to each other.

3. The charcoal kiln according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the panel is a panel including a metal plate and an inorganic material heat insulation board.

4. The charcoal kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the chimney is arranged outside the raw material combustion section.

5. The charcoal kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is assembled by fixing or separating the plurality of panels to each other.

6. The charcoal kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is mounted on the loading platform of a vehicle.

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