Step prevention material and bridge

Abstract

To provide a step prevention member with a desired mechanical strength, being light weight, and easy to install, and a bridge having the step prevention member.SOLUTION: A step prevention member 10 installed on an upper part 131 of a bridge pier 13 of a bridge 1 in close proximity of a support part 15 that supports a bridge girder 14 and suppresses the downward displacement of the bridge girder 14 preventing the formation of a step by supporting the bridge girder 14 with the support part 15 or instead of the support part 15 even when the states in which the bridge girder 14 cannot be sufficiently supported by the support part 15, includes a body being a fiber-reinforced resin composite having a columnar or tubular shape and being composed of resin and a plurality of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a step prevention material that is provided at a pier of a bridge and suppresses downward displacement of a bridge girder to prevent the occurrence of a step even when a situation occurs in which the bridge girder cannot be sufficiently supported by a support portion, and a bridge having the step prevention material.

Background Art

[0002] Bridge girders of bridges are often made of metals such as iron and are displaced to some extent due to expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes and vibrations accompanying the running of vehicles. Therefore, in order to absorb such displacement amounts and prevent damage to the piers, the connection between the pier and the bridge girder is generally made through a support portion installed on the bridge girder and having the property of elastically deforming by an external force.

[0003] However, when a strong earthquake with large shaking occurs, the support portion is greatly deformed or damaged beyond the displacement amount of the bridge girder that the support portion can support, so that the support portion cannot support the bridge girder at a predetermined height position on the pier, and as a result, the bridge girder is displaced downward such as falling from the support portion, and there is a risk of a large step occurring at the boundary between the upper surface of the floor slab of the bridge girder and the road surface adjacent thereto. Particularly in the case of a bridge used as a road bridge, when such a strong earthquake occurs, it is required to evacuate the running vehicles remaining on the bridge girder outside the bridge and enable emergency vehicles and the like to run so that the transportation can be quickly restored to a sound state. However, a location where the bridge girder is displaced downward on the pier and a step is formed on the road surface may hinder such transportation. Generally, it is said that when a step of 50 to 100 mm occurs on the road surface, it becomes difficult for emergency vehicles to pass.

[0004] Therefore, it has been proposed to install a step prevention material on the bridge pier (Non-Patent Document 1). The step prevention material supports the bridge girder at an appropriate height when a situation occurs where the support of the bridge girder by the support part becomes insufficient due to an earthquake or the like. By providing a step prevention material on an existing bridge, the steps (such as road surface steps) generated before and after the bridge girder during a disaster such as an earthquake can be reduced.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0005]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, the step prevention material described in Non-Patent Document 1 was made of steel in order to have a mechanical strength capable of supporting the bridge girder and was heavy. In order to install such a step prevention material, it was necessary to set up a fixed scaffold, and the installation work took a lot of time.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a step prevention material having a desired mechanical strength, being lightweight and easily installable, and a bridge having this step prevention material.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] The present inventors have found that by configuring the main body portion of the step prevention material with a fiber-reinforced resin composite using fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more and making the main body portion into a columnar or cylindrical shape, the step prevention material can be made lightweight and the mechanical strength of the step prevention material can be enhanced, and thus the present invention has been completed. More specifically, the present invention provides the following.

[0009] (1) A step prevention material that is provided at a position near a support portion that supports a bridge girder, above a pier of a bridge, and suppresses downward displacement of the bridge girder to prevent the occurrence of a step by supporting the bridge girder together with or in place of the support portion even when a situation occurs where the support of the bridge girder by the support portion becomes insufficient, The step prevention material includes a main body portion that is a fiber-reinforced resin composite composed of a resin and a plurality of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more and having a columnar or cylindrical shape.

[0010] (2) The step prevention material according to (1) above, wherein the main body portion has a first fiber layer in which the plurality of fibers are arranged substantially parallel to a first direction.

[0011] (3) The step prevention material according to (2) above, wherein the main body portion further has a second fiber layer in which the plurality of fibers are arranged substantially parallel to a second direction different from the first direction.

[0012] (4) The step prevention material according to (1), (2), or (3) above, further including a pedestal portion that fixes the main body portion to the pier.

[0013] (5) The step prevention material according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the fiber includes at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber.

[0014] (6) The step prevention material according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the content of the fiber constituting the step prevention material is in the range of 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less.

[0015] (7) The step prevention material according to any one of (1) to (6) above, wherein the load-bearing capacity of the step prevention material is 2000 kN or more.

[0016] (8) The bridge is used as a road bridge, and when the bridge girder is supported by the step prevention material, the difference between the height of the upper surface of the floor slab of the bridge girder and the height of the road surface adjacent to the upper surface of the floor slab of the bridge girder is configured to be 30 mm or less. The step prevention material according to any one of (1) to (7) above.

[0017] (9) A bridge having a plurality of bridge piers, and a bridge girder provided across the plurality of bridge piers is supported by a support portion provided on the upper portion of the bridge pier. Even when a situation occurs where the support of the bridge girder by the support portion cannot be sufficiently performed, by supporting the bridge girder together with the support portion or instead of the support portion, a step prevention material that suppresses the downward displacement of the bridge girder and prevents the occurrence of a step is provided at a position close to the support portion provided on the upper portion of the bridge pier. The step prevention material includes a main body portion that is a fiber-reinforced resin composite having a columnar or cylindrical shape and is composed of a resin and a plurality of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more.

Advantages of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a step prevention material having a desired mechanical strength, being lightweight and easily installable, and a bridge having this step prevention material.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications are possible without changing the gist of the present invention.

[0021] <Step prevention material> FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part showing an example of a bridge 1 provided with a step prevention material 10 according to the present embodiment. Further, FIG. 2 is a side view of a main part showing an example of a bridge 1 provided with a step prevention material 10 according to the present embodiment.

[0022] The step prevention material 10 according to the present embodiment is used at a position near a support part 15 that supports a bridge girder 14 on an upper part 131 of a pier 13 of a bridge 1, and suppresses downward displacement of the bridge girder 14 to prevent a step in the front and rear of the bridge girder 14 when a situation occurs where the support of the bridge girder 14 by the support part 15 cannot be sufficiently performed. Here, the step prevention material 10 includes a main body part 11 that is a fiber-reinforced resin composite having a columnar or cylindrical shape, and is composed of a resin and a plurality of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more.

[0023] By using such a step prevention material 10 provided with a main body part 11 composed of a fiber-reinforced resin composite using fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more, the mechanical strength of the main body part 11 in particular among the step prevention materials 10 is enhanced. Therefore, even when a situation occurs where the support of the bridge girder 14 by the support part 15 cannot be sufficiently performed, the step prevention material 10 supports the bridge girder 14, so that a step due to downward displacement of the bridge girder 14 can be suppressed. Further, by providing the main body part 11 composed of such a fiber-reinforced resin composite, it becomes possible to form the main body part 11 into a columnar or cylindrical shape, thereby reducing the weight of the step prevention material 10, so that the step prevention material 10 can be easily installed on the pier 13. Therefore, by using such a step prevention material 10, it is possible to provide a step prevention material 10 having a desired mechanical strength, being lightweight and easily installable, and a bridge 1 having such a step prevention material 10.

[0024] The step prevention member 10 includes at least a main body portion 11. Further, the step prevention member 10 preferably further includes a pedestal portion 12 for fixing the main body portion 11 to the pier 13.

[0025] (Main body portion) The main body portion 11 is made of a fiber-reinforced resin composite composed of a resin and a plurality of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more. By using such a fiber-reinforced resin composite, the mechanical strength of the main body portion 11 can be increased.

[0026] Among these, the fibers preferably contain at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber. Among them, from the viewpoint of ease of mixing with the resin, it is more preferable to contain carbon fiber. These fibers are composed of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more, and in particular, preferably composed of fibers having a tensile strength of 3500 MPa or more, and more preferably composed of fibers having a tensile strength of 4000 MPa or more. By using fibers with such a high tensile strength to form the fiber-reinforced resin composite, the mechanical strength of the main body portion 11 is increased, so that when the support portion 15 cannot sufficiently support the bridge girder 14, the main body portion 11 can support the bridge girder 14. Note that the upper limit of the tensile strength of these fibers is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 7000 MPa.

[0027] Here, the plurality of fibers included in the main body portion 11 preferably form a first fiber layer arranged substantially parallel to the first direction. At this time, each of the plurality of fibers more preferably extends in a direction intersecting the installation surface on the pier 13. In this way, by arranging the fibers included in the main body portion 11 substantially parallel, the tensile strength in the height direction of the main body portion 11 is increased, so that even when the installation area on the pier 13 is limited, the bridge girder 14 can be supported more reliably. In addition, since more fibers can be included in the main body portion 11, it is also possible to further increase the mechanical strength of the main body portion 11.

[0028] Further, it is preferable that the plurality of fibers included in the main body portion 11 further form a second fiber layer arranged substantially parallel to a second direction different from the above-described first direction. In this way, since the plurality of fibers are arranged along different directions, high mechanical strength is provided along any direction, so that the certainty when supporting the bridge girder 14 can be further enhanced.

[0029] Moreover, it is more preferable that the plurality of fibers included in the main body portion 11 continuously extend in a direction intersecting at a substantially right angle with a plane parallel to the installation surface on the pier 13. At this time, it is further preferable that one or both of the fibers constituting the first fiber layer and the fibers constituting the second fiber layer continuously extend in a direction intersecting at a substantially right angle with a plane parallel to the installation surface on the pier 13. Here, the fact that the fiber "intersects at a substantially right angle with a plane parallel to the installation surface" means that when viewed from a cross section perpendicular to the installation surface, the direction in which the fiber extends intersects the installation surface at an angle of 60° or more and 90° or less. Also, from the viewpoint of further enhancing the compressive strength in the direction perpendicular to the installation surface of the step prevention member 10, this angle is preferably 65° or more and 90° or less, more preferably 70° or more and 90° or less, and still more preferably 75° or more and 90° or less. In addition, when viewed from a cross section perpendicular to the installation surface, the angle of the direction in which the fiber extends with respect to the installation surface, in the case other than 90°, is the angle when viewed from the acute angle side.

[0030] The total content of the fibers in the main body portion 11 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of 100% by mass of the main body portion 11.

[0031] On the other hand, as the resin contained in the step prevention material 10, one or more selected from epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, phenol, cyanate ester, polyimide, polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) can be included. By covering the fibers with such a resin, the mechanical strength of the step prevention material 10 can be further enhanced without losing the weight reduction effect of the fibers with high tensile strength.

[0032] In addition, the means for obtaining the main body 11 using the carbon material and the resin is not particularly limited. For example, an autoclave molding method, an RTM (resin transfer molding) molding method, a VaRTM (vacuum resin transfer molding) molding method, an SMC (sheet molding compound) method, an FW (filament winding) method, a sheet winding method, a pultrusion method (drawing molding method), etc. can be used.

[0033] (Pedestal part) The pedestal part 12 is provided adjacent to the lower side of the main body part 11 and is configured to be able to fix the main body part 11 to the upper part 131 of the pier 13. Thereby, even when the main body part 11 of the step prevention material 10 needs to support the bridge girder 14, the main body part 11 is less likely to tilt with respect to the pier 13, so that the bridge girder 14 can be supported more stably.

[0034] The material of the pedestal part 12 is not particularly limited as long as it can be joined to the main body part 11. For example, the pedestal part 12 can be composed of one or more selected from carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), and nylon 66.

[0035] The pedestal portion 12 is preferably configured to have a portion extending along the installation surface from the main body portion 11 to the pier 13. Thereby, the main body portion 11 can be made even more difficult to tilt with respect to the pier 13.

[0036] (Shape and characteristics of the step prevention material) The shape of the main body portion 11 of the step prevention material 10 has a cylindrical shape such as a cylinder or a square tube, or a columnar shape such as a circular column or a square column from the viewpoint of weight reduction. Also, the size and shape of the step prevention material 10 are set within a range that can withstand a load larger than the load expected to be applied when supporting the bridge girder 14 on the pier 13, which is determined from the weight of the bridge girder 14 and the like. Among them, from the viewpoint of weight reduction, it is preferable to set the size and shape of the step prevention material 10 so that it can withstand a load 10% to 30% larger than the load expected to be applied when supporting the bridge girder 14.

[0037] The step prevention material 10 according to the present embodiment preferably has a load-bearing capacity of 2000 kN or more. Thereby, even when the step prevention material 10 needs to support the bridge girder 14, the step prevention material 10 is difficult to be compressed in the height direction, so that the step due to the downward displacement of the bridge girder 14 can be suppressed. Note that the upper limit of the load-bearing capacity of the step prevention material 10 is not particularly limited, and for example, it is also possible to obtain a step prevention material 10 with a load-bearing capacity reaching 8000 kN.

[0038] (Installation location of the step prevention material) The step prevention material 10 according to this embodiment is provided at the upper portion 131 of the pier 13 of the bridge 1, and is provided at a position close to the support portion 15 that supports the bridge girder 14. Here, the step prevention material 10 is preferably provided on the pier 13 where the support portion 15 is provided. More specifically, it is preferably provided on the upper surface of the pier 13 where the support portion 15 is provided, or on the upper surface of a fixture (edge width bracket, not shown) extending from the upper surface of the pier 13. Thus, even when a situation occurs where the support portion 15 cannot sufficiently support the bridge girder 14, the step prevention material 10 near the support portion 15 supports the bridge girder together with the support portion 15, or the step prevention material 10 supports the bridge girder in place of the support portion 15. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a large change in the balance of the load of the bridge girder 14 applied to the step prevention material 10 and the support portion 15, thereby suppressing the inclination of the bridge girder 14. At the same time, it is possible to suppress the step generated by the downward displacement of the bridge girder 14.

[0039] Here, as described in FIGS. 1 and 2, the step prevention material 10 is provided directly below the bridge girder 14, and preferably has a gap of size h1 between it and the bridge girder 14 when the bridge girder 14 is supported by the support portion 15. By having a gap between the step prevention material 10 and the bridge girder 14, when the bridge girder 14 is supported by the support portion 15, the support portion 15 can absorb the expansion, contraction, vibration, etc. of the bridge girder 14. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 3, even when the support of the bridge girder 14 by the support portion 15 becomes impossible due to an earthquake or the like and the bridge girder 14 is supported by the step prevention material 10, the magnitude h2 of the downward displacement of the floor slab of the bridge girder 14 can be kept within a range that is at most equal to the magnitude h1 of the gap.

[0040] In particular, when using the bridge 1 as a road bridge, it is preferable that the size h1 of the gap between the step prevention member 10 and the bridge girder 14 be 30 mm or less. Thereby, when the bridge girder 14 is supported by the step prevention member 10, the difference (road surface step) between the height of the upper surface 141 of the floor slab of the bridge girder 14 and the height of the road surface 21 adjacent to the upper surface 141 of the floor slab of the bridge girder 14 is within a range of 30 mm or less. Thus, it is possible to evacuate the traveling vehicle remaining on the upper surface 141 of the floor slab of the bridge girder 14 outside the bridge and enable emergency vehicles etc. to travel on the upper surface 141 of the floor slab of the bridge girder 14, and promptly restore the traffic to a sound state.

[0041] On the other hand, the step prevention member 10 may be provided on the bridge pier via a jack-up bracket. Thereby, even when there are restrictions on the area of the upper surface of the bridge pier 13, it is possible to suppress the step generated by the downward displacement of the floor slab of the bridge girder 14.

[0042] The step prevention member 10 according to the present embodiment can be widely used for a bridge 1 having a structure in which the bridge girder 14 is supported by the support portion 15. For example, it may be used for a bridge 1 having a bridge girder 14 made of a box girder as shown in FIG. 1, or may also be used for a bridge 1' having a bridge girder 14' made of a plate girder as shown in FIG. 4. Here, when using for a bridge 1 having a bridge girder 14 made of a box girder as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to provide a plurality of step prevention members 10 in at least one of the width direction or the extension direction of the bridge girder 14. For example, it is preferable to provide them in the vicinity of each of the support portions 15a to 15e provided in the width direction of the bridge girder 14 (in FIG. 1, the step prevention members 10 in the vicinity of the support portions 15a and 15b are not shown). Further, when using for a bridge 1' having a bridge girder 14' made of a plate girder as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to provide a plurality of support portions 15 for each plate girder (support portions 15f to 15h) and provide step prevention members 10 near these support portions 15 respectively. By providing a plurality of step prevention members 10 in this way, the mechanical strength required for the step prevention member 10 can be reduced, and thus the weight reduction of the step prevention member 10 can be further achieved.

[0043] <Method for installing the step prevention material> The method for installing the step prevention material 10 according to this embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, the above-described step prevention material 10 may be provided on the pier 13 of the bridge 1 by a joining step of joining the pedestal portion 12 of the step prevention material 10 and the pier 13. In the installation method of this embodiment, since the step prevention material 10 is designed to be lightweight, it can be installed on the pier 13 using a mobile scaffold without assembling a fixed scaffold. As a result, the step prevention material 10 can be installed easily.

[0044] The joining means between the pedestal portion 12 of the step prevention material 10 and the pier 13 is not particularly limited, and it may be joined by a fixture such as an anchor bolt, or may be joined by an adhesive. Further, the step prevention material 10 may be joined to the pier 13 using both an adhesive and a fixture.

[0045] Here, as the adhesive used for joining the pedestal portion 12 and the pier 13, it is possible to join different kinds of materials, and from the viewpoint of excellent fatigue resistance, it is preferable to use a methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based adhesive.

[0046] <Bridge> FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of the bridge 1A according to this embodiment. The bridge 1A according to this embodiment has a plurality of piers 13, and a bridge girder 14 provided across these piers 13 is supported by a plurality of piers 13 by support portions 15 respectively. When a situation occurs where the bridge girder 14 cannot be sufficiently supported at one or both of the plurality of support portions 15, this bridge 1A is provided with a step prevention material 10 at each of the plurality of piers 13 to suppress the downward displacement of the bridge girder 14 and prevent a step from occurring before and after the bridge girder 14. Each of these step prevention materials 10 includes a main body portion 11 that is a fiber-reinforced resin composite having a columnar or cylindrical shape and is composed of a resin and a plurality of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more.

[0047] By using the step prevention material 10 containing a carbon material in such a manner for the bridge 1A, the step prevention materials 10 are each lightened, so that the step prevention materials 10 can be easily installed on a plurality of bridge piers 13. Further, since the step prevention material 10 thus has a desired mechanical strength, even if a situation occurs where the bridge girder 14 cannot be sufficiently supported at one or both of the plurality of support portions 15, it is possible to suppress a step due to downward displacement of the bridge girder 14.

Example

[0048] Next, in order to more clearly clarify the effects of the present invention, examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0049] [Example 1 of the Present Invention] Using fibers (wire diameter: 5 μm to 8 μm, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., model number: P3252S-25) made of carbon fiber and having a tensile strength of 4900 MPa, in a first direction forming an angle of 90° with respect to a plane parallel to the installation surface on the bridge pier, with the fibers arranged substantially parallel, a first fiber layer was formed by hardening using an epoxy-based resin. Next, outside this first fiber layer, using the same fibers as the first fiber layer, in a second direction forming an angle of 45° with respect to a plane parallel to the installation surface on the bridge pier, with the fibers arranged substantially parallel, a second fiber layer was formed by hardening using an epoxy-based resin. By repeating the formation of such a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer, a cylindrical main body portion having an inner diameter of 200 mm and an outer diameter of 224 mm was formed. The total fiber content in this main body portion was 60% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total mass of the main body portion.

[0050] Next, along the bottom surface of this main body portion, a rectangular pedestal portion made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) having a size of 320 mm in length and 320 mm in width was arranged, and the main body portion and the pedestal portion were adhered using a structural adhesive (manufactured by ITW Performance Polymers & Fruitz Japan Co., Ltd., model number: Prexus AO420) to obtain a step prevention material.

[0051] ​When the load-bearing capacity of the obtained step-preventing material was measured using a static compression testing machine, it was 3000 kN.

[0052] Also, when one end of a bridge girder (weight: 1200 t) composed of a box girder with a width of 20 m and a length of 35 m, which is used as a general road bridge, is supported by four step-preventing materials arranged in the width direction of the box girder, the required load-bearing capacity (hereinafter referred to as "the load-bearing capacity required to support the bridge girder") is determined by structural calculation to be 2000 kN or more. In this regard, the load-bearing capacities of the step-preventing materials of Example 1 of the present invention all exceeded this value.

[0053] In addition, the maximum weight of the step-preventing material that can be installed on the pier using a mobile scaffold without assembling a fixed scaffold is 30 kg. In this regard, since the step-preventing material of Example 1 of the present invention weighs 10.3 kg, it can be installed on the pier using a mobile scaffold.

[0054] [Comparative Example 1] A step-preventing material was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 of the present invention, except that a fiber having a tensile strength of less than 2000 MPa was used as the fiber used for the main body part.

[0055] When the load-bearing capacity of the obtained step-preventing material was measured using a static compression testing machine, it was lower than the load-bearing capacity required to support the bridge girder (2000 kN).

[0056] From the above, it was found that the step-preventing material of Example 1 of the present invention has higher mechanical strength, is lightweight, and can be easily installed compared to the step-preventing material of Comparative Example 1.

[0057] As described above, the embodiments and examples of the present invention have been explained. However, the above-described embodiments and examples do not limit the invention according to the claims. It should also be noted that not all combinations of the features described in the embodiments and examples are essential means for solving the problems of the invention.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0058] 1, 1', 1A Bridges 10 Step Prevention Material 11 Main Body 12 Pedestal 13 Bridge Pier 131 Upper Part of Bridge Pier 14, 14' Bridge Girder 141 Upper Surface of Floor 15, 15a - 15h Support 21 Road Surface

Claims

1. A step prevention material provided near a supporting portion that supports a bridge girder at an upper portion of a pier of a bridge. Even when a situation occurs where the bridge girder cannot be sufficiently supported by the supporting portion, by supporting the bridge girder together with the supporting portion or instead of the supporting portion, it suppresses downward displacement of the bridge girder and prevents the occurrence of a step, It is composed of a resin and a plurality of fibers having a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more, and is a fiber-reinforced resin composite having a columnar or cylindrical shape, one main body portion, One pedestal portion having an upper surface to which the bottom surface of the main body portion is joined and a lower surface to be joined to the upper portion of the pier, Composed of, The step prevention material, wherein the pedestal portion has a portion extending outward from the joint surface with the main body portion.

2. The step prevention material according to claim 1, wherein the main body portion has a first fiber layer in which the plurality of fibers are arranged substantially parallel to a first direction.

3. The step prevention material according to claim 2, wherein the main body portion further has a second fiber layer arranged substantially parallel to a second direction different from the first direction.

4. The step prevention material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fiber contains at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber.

5. The step prevention material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the content of the fiber constituting the step prevention material is in the range of 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less.

6. The step prevention material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the load-bearing capacity of the step prevention material is 2000 kN or more.

7. The bridge is used as a road bridge, When the bridge girder is supported by the step prevention material, the difference between the height of the upper surface of the floor slab of the bridge girder and the height of the road surface adjacent to the upper surface of the floor slab of the bridge girder is configured to be 30 mm or less. The step prevention material according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A bridge having a plurality of piers and a bridge girder provided across the plurality of piers, which is supported by a supporting portion provided at the upper portion of the pier, Even when a situation occurs where the bridge girder cannot be sufficiently supported by the supporting portion, by supporting the bridge girder together with the supporting portion or instead of the supporting portion, it suppresses downward displacement of the bridge girder and prevents the occurrence of a step. A step prevention material is provided near the supporting portion provided at the upper portion of the pier. The step prevention material is a fiber-reinforced resin composite having a columnar or cylindrical shape, which is composed of a resin and a plurality of fibers with a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more, and one main body part, and one pedestal part having an upper surface to which the bottom surface of the main body part is joined and a lower surface to be joined to the upper part of the pier. It is composed of a bridge in which the pedestal part has a portion extending outward from the joint surface with the main body part.

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