Building structural materials

Abstract

To provide structural material for a building which contributes to the saving of labor and time required for manufacture and the reduction of a manufacturing cost and is formed by combining wood and steel material.SOLUTION: A structural member for building 10 comprises two sets of lumber 12 parallel to each other, each consisting of multi-stage square lumber 24 extending in one direction, two T-shaped steels 14 with a web part 14a located between the two sets of lumber and a flange part 14b located outside between the two sets of lumber and in contact with the two sets of lumber, a steel plate 16 located between two sets of wood materials and positioned between the webs of both T-shaped steels, and a plurality of elastic sheets 18 located between the multi-stage square lumber, between the web part of each T-shaped steel and the square lumber, and between the steel plate and the square steel. The web parts of the two sets of lumber and the respective T-shaped steels, the two sets of lumber and the steel plates, and the flange parts of the respective sets of lumber and the respective T-shaped steels are releasably fastened through a plurality of fasteners 20, 21 and 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a building structural material used as a structural member such as a beam or column of a building.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a building structural material combining wood and steel has been proposed. This building structural material consists of one plate-shaped wood, two sets of woods each composed of a plurality of square timbers that are overlapped with each other and extend in one direction, and two T-shaped steels having a web portion and a flange portion. The plurality of square timbers in the two sets of woods are adhesively bonded (primary bonding) to each other. Further, each T-shaped steel is disposed between one wood and each set of woods, and is adhesively bonded (secondary bonding) to one wood and each set of woods at its web portion.

[0003] By the way, for a building structural material combining wood and steel, similar to that in laminated wood, as the degree of processing (the number of times of adhesion) increases, the labor and time required for manufacturing increase dramatically, accompanied by a significant increase in manufacturing cost.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a building structural material combining wood and steel that contributes to reduction of labor and time required for manufacturing and reduction of manufacturing cost.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The present invention relates to a building structural material formed by combining wood and steel. As one embodiment, the building structural material includes two sets of parallel woods each formed by a plurality of tiers of square timbers that are stacked vertically and extend in one direction out of one direction and the other direction that are orthogonal to the vertical direction and orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of tiers of square timbers of the two sets of woods face each other in the other direction at each tier; two T-shaped steels each having a web portion and a flange portion orthogonal thereto and extending in the one direction, wherein the web portions of both T-shaped steels are between the two sets of woods and face the plurality of tiers of square timbers, and the flange portions of both T-shaped steels are outside between the two sets of woods and are in contact with the upper surface of the uppermost tier of square timbers and the lower surface of the lowermost tier of square timbers of the two sets of woods, respectively; a plurality of elastic sheets having elasticity and disposed between the square timbers of each set of woods and between the web portion of each T-shaped steel and the square timbers facing the web portion; and the two sets of woods, the web portions of each T-shaped steel, and the flange portions of each set of woods and each T-shaped steel are releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners, respectively.

[0007] Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a steel plate. That is, the building structural member according to the other embodiment is two sets of parallel woods with a set of woods being a plurality of stepped angle members that are stacked on top of each other in the vertical direction and extend in one direction out of one direction and the other direction that are perpendicular to each other in the vertical direction and perpendicular to each other, and the plurality of stepped angle members of the two sets of woods face each other in the other direction at each step; two T-shaped steels each having a web portion and a flange portion perpendicular thereto and extending in the one direction, wherein the web portions of both T-shaped steels are between the two sets of woods and face the angle members of some of the plurality of stepped angle members of the two sets of woods, and the flange portions of both T-shaped steels are outside the two sets of woods and are in contact with the two sets of woods; a steel plate disposed between the webs of both T-shaped steels and facing the angle members of the remaining part of the plurality of stepped angle members of the two sets of woods; and a plurality of elastic sheets having elasticity and disposed respectively between the angle members of each set of woods, between the web portion of each T-shaped steel and the angle members facing the web portion, and between the steel plate and the angle members facing the steel plate. The two sets of woods and the web portions of each T-shaped steel, the two sets of woods and the steel plate, and each set of woods and the flange portions of each T-shaped steel are respectively releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two sets of woods and the web portions of each T-shaped steel, and each set of woods and the flange portions of each T-shaped steel are respectively releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners without using an adhesive. Also, in the other embodiment, the two sets of woods and both T-shaped steels, the two sets of woods and the steel plate, and the two sets of woods and both T-shaped steels are respectively releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners without using an adhesive. Therefore, the building structural member according to the present invention can reduce the labor and time required for its manufacture, and can also reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0009] Further, according to the present invention, each elastic sheet is placed in a compressed state under the fastening action of a plurality of fasteners, and is capable of elastic recovery accompanying so-called "shrinkage", which is one of the aging changes of the square tube, and thereby fills the gaps between the square tubes caused by the "shrinkage" of the square tubes, the gaps between the web portions of each T-shaped steel and between the square tubes of each stage, and the gaps between the steel plate and the square tubes, respectively.

[0010] Regarding the square tubes of each stage, they can be composed of a plurality of square tube pieces that are abutted against each other and extend in the one direction. Here, preferably, all the abutting surfaces between the square tube pieces are at different positions with respect to the one direction. The plurality of stages of square tubes can have the same cross-sectional shape.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a building structural member for use as a structural member such as a beam or column of a building is generally indicated by reference numeral 10.

[0013] The illustrated building structural member 10 includes two sets of woods 12 parallel to each other, two T-shaped steels 14 each having a web portion 14a and a flange portion 14b orthogonal thereto, a steel plate 16, and a plurality of elastic sheets 18. Here, the two sets of woods 12 and the web portion 14a of each T-shaped steel 14 are releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners 20, the two sets of woods 12 and the steel plate 16 are releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners 21, and each set of woods 12 and the flange portion 14b of each T-shaped steel 14 are releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners 22, respectively.

[0014] The lumber 12 of each group is composed of a plurality of (three stages in the illustrated example: the upper stage (uppermost stage), the middle stage, and the lower stage (lowermost stage)) square timbers 24 that are stacked on top of each other in the vertical direction a and extend in one direction b, which is one of two directions that are orthogonal to each other in the vertical direction a and also orthogonal to each other. The number of stages of the square timbers 24 can be arbitrarily set. Further, the square timbers 24 of each stage preferably have the same cross-sectional shape, and the square timbers 24 of each stage constituting one group of lumber 12 face the square timbers 24 of each stage constituting another group of lumber 12 with respect to the other direction c.

[0015] Each stage of the square timber 24 can be made of a single generally available material, or, as shown in FIG. 1, can be composed of a plurality of square timber pieces 24a that are relatively short generally available materials butted against each other and extending in one direction b. Here, preferably, all the butting surfaces 26, 28 between the square timber pieces 24a are at different positions with respect to the one direction b. More specifically, in one set of lumber 12, all the butting surfaces 26 between the square timber pieces 24a in the three stages of the square timbers 24 are at different positions with respect to the one direction b. Also, in the other set of lumber 12, all the butting surfaces 28 between the square timber pieces 24a in the three stages of the square timbers 24 are at different positions with respect to the one direction b. Further, all of the butting surfaces 26 in one set of lumber 12 and all of the butting surfaces 28 in the other set of lumber 12, which face each other with respect to the other direction c, are at different positions with respect to the one direction b. The square timber piece 24a, as an example, is composed of a regular angle with a side length of 7.5 cm or more and has a length dimension in the range of 3 to 6 m. Since the generally available material is relatively inexpensive, adopting the generally available material as the square timber 24 contributes to reducing the manufacturing cost of the building structural material 10.

[0016] The two T-shaped steels 14 each extend in one direction b which is the extending direction of the corner members 24 of each stage. In the illustrated example, the two T-shaped steels 14 have the same length dimension with respect to the one direction b and also have the same length dimension as the corner members 24 of each stage. The two T-shaped steels 14 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction a on the drawing, with one T-shaped steel 14 in the upper position and the other T-shaped steel 14 in the lower position. The web portion 14a of the T-shaped steel 14 in the upper position and the web portion 14a of the T-shaped steel 14 in the lower position are located between the two sets of timbers 12 and face each other with respect to the vertical direction a. Also, both web portions 14a face and are opposed to the corner members 24 of some of the multiple stages of the corner members 24 of the two sets of timbers 12 (in the illustrated example, the upper corner members and the lower corner members) 24 respectively. In the illustrated example, the vertical length of the web portion 14a of each T-shaped steel 14 is set to be slightly larger than the vertical length of the corner members 24 of the upper and lower stages.

[0017] On the other hand, the flange portions 14b of the two T-shaped steels 14 are outside the two sets of timbers 12, face the two sets of timbers 12, and are in contact with them. More specifically, the flange portion 14b of the T-shaped steel 14 in the upper position is in contact with the upper surfaces of the both corner members 24 of the upper stage constituting the two sets of timbers 12, and the flange portion 14b of the T-shaped steel 14 in the lower position is in contact with the lower surfaces of the both corner members 24 of the lower stage constituting the two sets of timbers 12.

[0018] In the illustrated example, from the viewpoint of reducing the manufacturing cost of the building structural member 10 and ensuring the strength of the building structural member 10, in order to make the volume of use of the relatively inexpensive timber 12 relatively large, each corner member 24 is sized to protrude from each side edge 14b1 of the flange portion 14b of the T-shaped steel 14 in the width direction (the other direction c) of the flange portion 14b.

[0019] The steel plate 16 is disposed between two sets of lumber 12 and is positioned between the web portions 14a of two T-shaped steels 14. The steel plate 16 has the same length dimension as the T-shaped steel 14 in one direction b and also has the same thickness dimension as the web portion 14a of the T-shaped steel 14. In the illustrated example, the steel plate 16 is placed in contact with both web portions 14a of the T-shaped steel 14 at its upper and lower ends respectively. However, instead of the illustrated example, the steel plate 16 can be arranged so that there are slight gaps respectively between its upper and lower ends and both webs 14a of the T-shaped steel 14. Further, the steel plate 16 faces and is opposed to the corner members 24 of some of the remaining stages among the plurality of stages of corner members 24 of the two sets of lumber 12 (the middle-stage corner members in the illustrated example). Also, in the illustrated example, the vertical length of the steel plate 16 is set to be slightly smaller than the vertical length of the middle-stage corner members 24.

[0020] The plurality of elastic sheets 18 are respectively disposed between the corner members 24 of each set of lumber 12, between the web portion 14a of each T-shaped steel 14 and the corner members (the upper-stage corner members and the lower-stage corner members in the illustrated example) opposed to the web, and between the steel plate 16 and the corner members (the middle-stage corner members in the illustrated example) opposed to the steel plate 16, and extend in one direction b. The elastic sheet 18 is made of, for example, a relatively thin rubber plate. The elastic sheets 18 are respectively placed in a compressed state under the fastening action of a plurality of fasteners 20, a plurality of fasteners 21, and a plurality of fasteners 22, and elastically return along with what is called "shrinkage", which is one of the aging changes of the corner members 24 of the two sets of lumber 12, and function to fill the gaps between the web portion 14a of each T-shaped steel 14 and the corner members 24, the gaps between the steel plate 16 and the corner members 24, and the gaps between the corner members 24 that occur along with the "shrinkage" of the corner members 24.

[0021] Each of the illustrated fasteners 20, 21, 22 is composed of an assembly of a bolt and a nut. Here, the bolt of the fastener 20 passes through holes (not shown) formed in and penetrating two angle member pieces 24a that are partially opposed to each other and constitute the upper and lower corner members 24 of the two sets of lumber 12, the web portion 14a of each T-shaped steel 14 between the two angle member pieces 24a, and the elastic sheet 18b facing the web portion, and extends in the other direction c. The nut of the fastener 20 is screwed onto the axial end portion of the bolt protruding from the hole. Further, the bolt of the fastener 21 passes through holes (not shown) formed in and penetrating two angle member pieces 24a that are partially opposed to each other and constitute the middle corner members 24 of the two sets of lumber 12, the steel plate 16 between the two angle member pieces 24a, and the elastic sheet 18b facing the steel plate, and extends in the other direction c. The nut of the fastener 21 is screwed onto the axial end portion of the bolt protruding from the hole. On the other hand, the bolt of the fastener 22 passes through holes (not shown) formed in and penetrating two angle member pieces 24a that are partially opposed to each other and constitute the upper, middle, and lower corner members 24 of each set of lumber 12, the elastic sheet 18a between the angle member pieces 24a of these steps, and the flange portions 14b of the upper and lower T-shaped steels 14, and extends in the vertical direction a. The nut of the fastener 22 is screwed onto the axial end portion of the bolt protruding from the hole through the flange portion 14b of the upper T-shaped steel 14. Instead of the example shown in the figure, the fasteners 20, 21, 22 can be composed of pins (not shown) that are press-fitted into the plurality of holes and can be pulled out.

[0022] The building structural material 10 can be an other example (not shown) in which the steel plate 16 is omitted instead of the illustrated example described above. In this other example, either one of the upper and lower T-shaped steels 14, for example, the web portion 14a of the upper T-shaped steel 14, is set to have a vertical length greater than that of the web portion 14a of the lower T-shaped steel 14. More specifically, it is set to have an extension portion having a length dimension corresponding to the vertical length of the steel plate 16. In this other example, the bolt of the fastener 21 passes through the extension portion and the elastic sheet 18b facing the extension portion instead of the steel plate 16 and the elastic sheet 18 facing the steel plate.

[0023] In addition, regarding the plurality of stages of square timbers 24 of the wood 12 in each set, instead of the illustrated example in which there are three stages of square timbers 24, namely, upper, middle, and lower stages, it can be two stages of square timbers 24, namely, upper and lower stages. In this case, the installation of the steel plate 16, the middle-stage square timbers 24, and the elastic sheet 18 in the two sets of wood 12 facing the steel plate is omitted, and the web portions 14a of both the T-shaped steels 14 are set to have lengths corresponding to the vertical lengths of both the upper-stage and lower-stage square timbers 24, respectively.

[0024] Instead of the above-described example in which the square timbers 24 are arranged in two stages, namely, upper and lower stages, the number of arranged stages of the square timbers 24 can exceed three, for example, four. In this case, for example, the web portions 14a of both the T-shaped steels 14 have lengths corresponding to the vertical lengths of both the uppermost-stage and lowermost-stage square timbers (the square timbers of the said partial stages) 24, respectively, and the steel plate 16 between the web portions 14a of both the T-shaped steels 14 has a length corresponding to the vertical length of the two-stage square timbers (the square timbers of the remaining partial stages) 24 stacked between the uppermost-stage and lowermost-stage square timbers 24.

[0025] According to the present invention, two sets of wood 12 and two T-shaped steels 14, which are elements constituting the building structural material 10, are releasably fastened to each other via a plurality of fasteners 20 and 22 without using an adhesive, and the two sets of wood 12 and the steel plate 16 are releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners 21 without using an adhesive. From this, the building structural material 10 can save the labor and time required for its manufacture, and can also reduce the manufacturing cost. Furthermore, the building structural material 10 can be disassembled, whereby the wood 12 (square timbers 24, square timber pieces 24a) can be reused. Furthermore, when the building structural material 10 is discarded after use, it can be separated into its respective components. From this, it is easy to reuse the wood 12 (square timbers 24, square timber pieces 24a) after separate collection.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0026] 10 Building structural material 12 Wood 14 T-shaped steel 14a, 14b Web portion and flange portion of T-shaped steel 16 Steel plate 18, 18a, 18b Elastic sheet 20, 21, 22 Fasteners 24 Angle bar 24a Angle bar piece a, b, c Vertical direction, one direction and the other direction

Claims

1. Two sets of parallel timbers made of a set of timbers with multiple layers of angle bars extending in one direction out of one direction and the other direction that are orthogonal to each other and orthogonal to the vertical direction, where the multiple layers of angle bars of the two sets of timbers face each other in the other direction at each layer, and Two T-shaped steels each having a web part and a flange part orthogonal to the web part, extending in the one direction, where the web parts of both T-shaped steels are between the two sets of timbers and face the multiple layers of angle bars, and the flange parts of both T-shaped steels are outside the two sets of timbers and are in contact with the upper surface of the topmost layer of angle bars and the lower surface of the bottommost layer of angle bars of the two sets of timbers respectively, and A plurality of elastic sheets having elasticity, respectively arranged between the angle bars of each set of timbers, between the web part of each T-shaped steel and the angle bars facing the web part, and A building structural material, where the two sets of timbers, the web parts of each T-shaped steel, and the two sets of timbers and the flange parts of each T-shaped steel are releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners respectively.

2. Two sets of parallel timbers made of a set of timbers with multiple layers of angle bars extending in one direction out of one direction and the other direction that are orthogonal to each other and orthogonal to the vertical direction, where the multiple layers of angle bars of the two sets of timbers face each other in the other direction at each layer, and Two T-shaped steels each having a web part and a flange part orthogonal to the web part, extending in the one direction, where the web parts of both T-shaped steels are between the two sets of timbers and face some of the multiple layers of angle bars of the two sets of timbers, and the flange parts of both T-shaped steels are outside the two sets of timbers and are in contact with the two sets of timbers, and A steel plate arranged between the webs of both T-shaped steels and facing the remaining part of the multiple layers of angle bars of the two sets of timbers, and A plurality of elastic sheets having elasticity, respectively arranged between the angle bars of each set of timbers, between the web part of each T-shaped steel and the angle bars facing the web part, between the steel plate and the angle bars facing the steel plate, and A building structural material, where the two sets of timbers, the web parts of each T-shaped steel, the two sets of timbers and the steel plate, and the two sets of timbers and the flange parts of each T-shaped steel are releasably fastened via a plurality of fasteners respectively.

3. The structural member for construction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each section of the angle member is composed of a plurality of angle member pieces that abut against each other and extend in the one direction.

4. The structural member for construction according to claim 3, wherein all the abutting surfaces of the angle member pieces are at different positions with respect to the one direction.

5. The structural member for construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each section of the angle member has the same cross-sectional shape.

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