Work machine

Abstract

To provide a work machine capable of cooling a heating apparatus while efficiently arranging apparatuses in a space in an engine room in a work machine driven by electric power of a battery.SOLUTION: A work machine comprises: a battery pack 510; a first ventilation port 380 provided at a rear end of a machine body; a fan 520 disposed between the first ventilation port 380 and the battery pack 510; a second ventilation port 381 provided in front and above the battery pack 510; and an electric motor 512 that is rotated by electric power of the battery pack 510.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a working machine driven by the power of a battery.

Background Art

[0002] An electric working machine having a battery box for accommodating a plurality of batteries is known. (See Patent Document 1)

[0003] Such an electric working machine cools the batteries by causing air in the space for accommodating the plurality of batteries to flow upward from below by a battery fan disposed above the battery box.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, an electric working machine needs to cool not only the batteries but also electrical equipment such as an electric motor and an inverter, and also the hydraulic oil for operating the actuator. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange not only a battery fan but also a fan for cooling the electrical equipment and the hydraulic oil separately.

[0006] Particularly in a small working machine such as an ultra-mini excavator where the space for arranging the equipment is narrow, in addition to the electrical equipment and the hydraulic equipment, it is difficult to separately arrange a fan for cooling the electrical equipment and the hydraulic oil and a battery fan respectively.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a working machine that can efficiently arrange devices in the space of an engine room and cool the devices that generate heat while being driven by the power of a battery.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] To solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a working machine including a battery pack, a first ventilation opening provided at a rear end portion of the machine body, a fan disposed between the first ventilation opening and the battery pack, a second ventilation opening provided in front of and above the battery pack, and an electric motor rotated by the power of the battery pack.

[0009] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a working machine including a third ventilation opening provided below the battery pack in front of the battery pack and below the second ventilation opening.

[0010] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a working machine in which the third ventilation opening is provided below the battery pack.

[0011] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a working machine in which the fan is disposed above the third ventilation opening.

[0012] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a working machine in which at least a part of the fan is disposed above the battery pack.

[0013] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention includes a heat exchanger that cools hydraulic oil pumped by a hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor, the heat exchanger is disposed behind the battery pack and in front of the fan, and the fan discharges the air inside the machine body to the outside.

[0014] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a working machine including a fourth ventilation opening provided on a side surface of the machine body adjacent to and in front of the fan.

[0015] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a work machine including a hydraulic oil tank that stores the hydraulic oil and is disposed below the heat exchanger.

[0016] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a work machine including an electrical device disposed above an electric motor that is mechanically coupled to the hydraulic pump disposed inside a notch portion on a lower side surface of the hydraulic oil tank.

[0017] An invention according to another aspect of the present invention is a work machine in which the battery packs are arranged in a plurality of rows at intervals in the front - rear direction.

Advantages of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, in a work machine driven by the power of a battery, it is possible to provide a work machine that can efficiently arrange devices in the space in the engine room and can cool the devices that generate heat.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019]

Figure 1

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Figure 10

Figure 11

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Hereinafter, a battery-hydraulic excavator 100 as a representative example of a working machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1. The direction in which the working device 400 is arranged on the upper slewing body 300 is defined as the front, and the opposite direction is defined as the rear.

[0021] The battery-hydraulic excavator 100 includes a self-propelled lower traveling body 200, an upper slewing body 300 rotatably supported on the lower traveling body 200, and a working device 400 supported on the front of the upper slewing body 300 so as to be rotatable up and down.

[0022] The working device 400 includes a swing post 410 supported at the tip of the upper slewing body 300 so as to rotate in the horizontal direction, a boom 420 supported on the swing post 410 so as to rotate up and down, an arm 430 attached to the tip of the boom 420 so as to rotate up and down, a bucket 450 rotatably attached to the tip of the arm 430, a swing cylinder 460 installed below the upper slewing body 300 for rotating the swing post 410 in the horizontal direction, a boom cylinder 470 installed below the boom 420 for moving the boom 420, an arm cylinder 480 installed above the boom 420 for moving the arm 430, and a bucket cylinder 490 installed above the arm 430 for moving the bucket 450 via a bucket link 440.

[0023] The lower traveling body 200 has a center frame (not shown) and side frames 210 (only one side is shown) that are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center frame and extend in the front-rear direction. The side frame 210 has a drive wheel 211 (only one side is shown) driven by a traveling motor (not shown installed at one end on the rear side, and a plurality of idler wheels 212 (only one side is shown) are arranged toward one end on the front side. The drive wheel 211 and the idler wheels 212 are wound with a crawler 213 (only one side is shown), and an earth discharging device 220 is mounted in front of the center frame.

[0024] The upper slewing body 300 slews by a slewing motor (not shown) via a slewing bearing (not shown). A driver's cab 310 is arranged from the middle to the rear of the upper slewing body 300. Below the driver's cab 310, an engine room 350 is arranged, which is covered from above by a bonnet 340 that rises from the rear end of the floor part 320 and extends to a counterweight 330 that forms the rear end part of the upper slewing body 300. In front of the floor part 320, a lever stand 360 equipped with various operating devices for operating the electric hydraulic excavator 100 is arranged. The floor part 320 is supported from below and is formed from a slewing frame 370 that is integrally formed with the counterweight 330 and supports the structure.

[0025] Subsequently, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, a ventilation opening for taking in external air inside the engine room 350 will be described.

[0026] At the center of the back surface of the bonnet 340, a first ventilation opening 380 formed of four openings that are symmetrically drilled vertically is formed.

[0027] At the upper center of the front surface of the bonnet 340, a second ventilation opening 381 formed of an opening that is drilled so as to extend left and right up to both ends of the driver's cab 310 is formed.

[0028] Below the right side of the bed part 320, the end of the rod side of the swing cylinder 460 is pivotally connected to a swing post 410 pivotally connected to the tip of the swing frame 370 so as to rotate horizontally. The bottom side of the swing cylinder 460 is pivotally connected to the front bottom surface on the inner side of the counterweight 330. The tube of the swing cylinder 460 is installed so as to overlap the side bottom surface of the swing frame 370. A side cover 390 is attached which forms a duct that covers the lower and side surfaces of the tube of the swing cylinder 460 and extends from the front to the counterweight 330 and communicates with the inside of the engine room 350. Below the front end of the side cover 390, a third vent 382 through which the cylinder rod extends is formed.

[0029] In front of the left side of the bonnet 340, a fourth vent 383 is formed which consists of four openings symmetrically provided vertically from above.

[0030] The first vent 380 is an exhaust port for discharging the air inside the engine room 350 to the outside, and the second vent 381, the third vent 382, and the fourth vent 383 are suction ports for taking in the outside air into the engine room 350.

[0031] That is, by the first vent 380 and the second vent 381, an air flow in the front-rear direction can be formed above the inside of the engine room 350, and the outside air can be efficiently taken into the engine room 350.

[0032] And by the first vent 380 and the third vent 382, an air flow in the front-rear direction in the duct formed by the side cover 390 and an air flow in the front-rear direction below the engine room 350 can be formed, and the outside air can be efficiently taken into the engine room 350.

[0033] Furthermore, by the first vent 380 and the fourth vent 383, an air flow in the front-rear direction of the right side part inside the engine room 350 can be formed, and the outside air can be efficiently taken into the engine room.

[0034] Next, with reference to FIGS. 4 to 5, the interior of the engine room 350 and the interior of the duct formed by the side cover 390 communicating with the engine room 350 will be described.

[0035] Inside the engine room 350, a first battery pack 510 vibrationally supported on the bottom surface of the swivel frame 370 so as to face the front inner wall of the bonnet 340, and a second battery pack 511 vibrationally supported on the bottom surface of the swivel frame 370 behind the first battery pack 510 and in front of the center of the engine room 350 are arranged.

[0036] Here, since the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 are arranged in front of the central portion of the engine room 350, the possibility of damage to the battery pack is reduced even if an obstacle collides with the rear end or the front end of the upper swing body 300.

[0037] Also, the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 extend to the vicinity of the left and right side walls of the engine room 350, and since the upper ends of the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 are arranged below the second ventilation opening 281, an upper flow path through which air flows can be formed between the ceiling of the engine room 350 and the upper ends of the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511.

[0038] Furthermore, a space is provided between the side surfaces of the first battery pack 510 and the side surfaces of the second battery pack 511, and this space can form an upward flow path through which air flows upward from below due to the heat generated by the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511, and the upper flow path and the upward flow path communicate with each other.

[0039] The counterweight 330 has a concave portion that fits into a convex portion at the rear end of the bonnet 340 when viewed from the rear, and an electric fan 520 vibrationally supported at the center of the concave portion of the counterweight 330 is arranged so as to face the inner wall at the rear end of the bonnet 340.

[0040] The electric fan 520 faces the first ventilation opening 380, and by rotating the fan so as to discharge the outside air from the first ventilation opening 380 to the outside of the engine compartment 350, the air taken in from the second ventilation opening 381, the third ventilation opening 382, and the fourth ventilation opening 383 can be discharged from the first ventilation opening 380.

[0041] Between the counterweight 330 and the second battery pack 511, one end side faces the side wall of the engine compartment 350, and it is vibration-proof supported on the bottom surface of the swivel frame 370. The first battery pack 510 and the An electric motor 512 that rotates by the power of the second battery pack 511, a hydraulic pump 530 that is driven by the electric motor 512 to pump hydraulic oil to move each actuator, and the hydraulic pump 530 is disposed adjacent to the other end side of the electric motor 512 and faces the side wall of the engine compartment 350. A hydraulic oil tank 540 for storing hydraulic oil is arranged.

[0042] The hydraulic oil tank 540 has a notch formed by cutting a part of the lower part of the side surface adjacent to the hydraulic pump 530 from below. The hydraulic pump 530 is disposed inside the notch, so that the electric motor 512, the hydraulic pump 530, and the hydraulic oil tank 540 can be efficiently accommodated in the engine compartment 350.

[0043] Between the electric fan 520 and the second battery pack 511, an oil cooler 550 for cooling the hydraulic oil disposed above the hydraulic oil tank 540, and the power of the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 are connected to an inverter 513, a converter 514, and a charging device (not shown). A junction box 515 that is vibration-proof supported on a pedestal 560 installed on the bottom surface of the upper swivel body 300 so as to straddle the electric motor 512 from above is arranged.

[0044] That is, behind the second battery pack 511, hydraulic devices such as a hydraulic pump 530, a hydraulic oil tank 540, and an oil cooler 550 are arranged on one side of the engine room 350, and electrical devices such as an electric motor 512 and a junction box 515 are arranged on the other side of the engine room 350.

[0045] Further, above the side surface of the engine room 350 facing the hydraulic oil tank 540 and in front of the oil cooler 550, a fourth vent 383 is arranged. As a result, it is possible to efficiently cool the high-heat-generating hydraulic devices arranged on one side of the machine body behind the second battery pack 511. The hydraulic devices and the electrical devices can be arranged in the engine room 350 without disturbing the cooling efficiency and the storage efficiency.

[0046] Between the floor portion 320 and the tube of the swing cylinder 460, an inverter 513 vibrationally supported by a pedestal 570 installed on the bottom surface of the upper swing body 300 so as to straddle the tube of the swing cylinder 460 from above is arranged in front of the first battery pack 510, and controls the power supplied from the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 to the electric motor 512.

[0047] Furthermore, between the floor portion 320 and the tube of the swing cylinder 460 in front of the inverter 513, a converter 512 vibrationally supported by a pedestal 580 installed on the bottom surface of the upper swing body 300 so as to straddle the tube of the swing cylinder 460 from above is arranged, and converts the voltage of the power from the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 to supply power to a controller (not shown) that integrally controls the electric hydraulic excavator 100 and a low-voltage battery (not shown) that supplies power to the electric fan 520.

[0048] The duct formed by the floor portion 320 and the side cover 390 forms a flow path for air to flow along the swing cylinder 460, communicates with the engine room 350, and forms a lower flow path flowing along the bottom surface of the upper swing body 300. And it communicates with the rising flow path formed between the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511.

[0049] Next, the air flow into and out of the engine room 350 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. Here, the arrows in the figures schematically represent the direction of air flow.

[0050] The upper flow path reaching the first ventilation opening 380 passes above the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 from the second ventilation opening 381, and further passes above the junction box 515 and the oil cooler 550, and passes through the cooling fan 520 installed such that a part protrudes upward from the upper ends of the first battery pack 510, the second battery pack 511, the junction box 515, and the oil cooler 550. Thus, the cooling fan 520 forms an air flow that flows from the front to the rear above the engine room 350 inside the aircraft.

[0051] The air flow that flows from the front to the rear above the engine room 350 inside the aircraft is heated by the electrical equipment and hydraulic equipment installed in the engine room 350, and the air rising upward above the engine room 350 can be efficiently discharged from the first ventilation opening 381 more efficiently.

[0052] Furthermore, by providing a space between the side surfaces of the first battery pack 510 and the side surfaces of the second battery pack 511, the air flowing upward from below due to the heat generation of the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 can be merged into the air flow that flows from the front to the rear above the engine room 350 inside the aircraft.

[0053] In addition, the duct formed by the floor portion 320 and the side cover 390, with the third vent serving as the suction port, forms an air flow in which air flows from the front to the rear along the swing cylinder 460 by the cooling fan 520. The air that cools the converter 514 and the inverter 513 arranged above the swing cylinder flows into the middle of the engine room 350. While generating an upward airflow generated by being warmed by the electrical equipment and hydraulic equipment installed in the engine room 350, it forms an air flow that flows in the front-rear direction along the bottom surface of the upper swing body 300, rises while cooling the electric motor 512, the hydraulic pump 530, and the hydraulic oil tank 550, and the heated air is discharged from the first vent 380.

[0054] The upward airflow generated by being warmed by the electrical equipment and hydraulic equipment merges with the air flow that flows from the front to the rear of the aircraft above the engine room 350 inside, and is discharged from the first vent 380 without retaining the air heated inside the engine room 350.

[0055] Also, since the third vent 382 is arranged at a position lower than the first vent 380, and the third vent 381 is arranged at a position lower than the cooling fan, the air flow velocity of the air flowing from the front to the rear of the aircraft above the engine room 350 is faster than the air flow velocity flowing in the front-rear direction along the bottom surface of the upper swing body 300. As a result, more air flowing from the bottom to the top can be made to merge with the air flow flowing from the front to the rear of the aircraft above the engine room 350 inside, and the heated air inside the engine room 350 can be efficiently discharged from the first vent 380.

[0056] Furthermore, since the air flow flowing in the front-rear direction along the bottom surface of the upper swing body 300 can form an air flow flowing below the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511, the sides of the first battery pack 510 and the second battery pack 511 can be cooled more efficiently by flowing from the bottom to the top.

[0057] In addition, the upper flow path from the second vent 381 to the first vent 380 has a fourth vent 383 in the side wall of the engine room 350 on the side of the hydraulic oil tank 540 and the oil cooler 550. By generating an air flow from the fourth vent 383 toward the hydraulic oil tank 540 and the oil cooler 550, it is possible to efficiently cool the hydraulic equipment that generates heat from the electrical equipment.

[0058] In the above, as another embodiment, other vents may be installed near the floor part 320 in front of the engine room 350. In that case, the first battery pack 510 can be cooled more efficiently from the front.

[0059] Furthermore, as a modification, air may be taken into the engine room 350 from the first vent 380, and the air inside the engine room 350 may be discharged from the second vent, the third vent, and the fourth vent.

[0060] The other embodiments, modifications, or various configurations described above can be adopted in appropriate combinations.

[0061] In the above, the hydraulic excavator has been described as an example of the working machine, but the working machine is not limited to the hydraulic excavator, and other working machines such as a wheel loader or a compact track loader may be used.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it can be implemented by expanding or changing without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Industrial Applicability

[0063] The present invention relates to a working machine and has industrial applicability.

Explanation of Signs

[0064] 380 First vent 381 Second vent 382 Third vent 510 First battery pack 512 Electric motor 520 Electric fan (fan)

Claims

1. A battery pack, a first ventilation opening provided at the rear end of the machine body, a fan disposed between the first ventilation opening and the battery pack, a second ventilation opening provided in front of and above the battery pack, and an electric motor rotated by the power of the battery pack, a work machine including a heat exchanger for cooling hydraulic oil pumped by a hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor, wherein the heat exchanger is disposed behind the battery pack and in front of the fan, and the fan discharges air inside the machine body to the outside.

2. The work machine according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth ventilation opening provided on the side surface of the machine body adjacent to and in front of the fan.

3. The work machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a hydraulic oil tank for storing the hydraulic oil and disposed below the heat exchanger.

4. The construction machine according to claim 3, further comprising an electrical device disposed above the electric motor that is mechanically coupled to the hydraulic pump disposed inside a notch portion on the lower side of the hydraulic oil tank.

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