Method for producing a poly-α-olefin having a high viscosity index

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing polyα-olefins with a high viscosity index, comprising polymerizing an α-olefin in the presence of a metallocene catalyst to obtain polyα-olefins, wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out in the absence of a solvent, and the metallocene catalyst is composed of or formed by the interaction of a metallocene compound and an activator, wherein the structure of the metallocene compound is as shown in Formula (I). The method provided by the present invention not only avoids the use of a solvent, but also allows the production of polyα-olefins with a high viscosity index.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001] [Cross - reference to Related Applications] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with the invention title "Method for Producing Polyalpha - Olefins with High Viscosity Index" filed on October 30, 2019, and application number CN 201911046738.0, and incorporates all of its content herein by reference.

[0002] [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method for producing polyalpha - olefins with high viscosity index, in particular to a method for producing polyalpha - olefins with high viscosity index in the presence of a metallocene catalyst, and to the application of the produced polyalpha - olefins with high viscosity index in the field of lubricating oils, belonging to the technical field of lubricating oils.

[0003] [Background Art] Lubricating oil is a liquid lubricant used in various types of machinery to reduce friction and protect the machinery and processing parts, mainly performing functions such as lubrication, cooling, rust prevention, cleaning, sealing, and buffering. By adopting advanced lubricating materials and new technologies for lubrication and sealing, mechanical devices can operate continuously and stably under more severe operating conditions (such as high temperature, high speed, heavy load, special media environment, etc.), improving mechanical efficiency, reducing maintenance and shutdown losses, saving energy, reducing material consumption, and improving the overall economic effect. Polyalpha - olefins (simply referred to as PAO) are synthetic hydrocarbon - based lubricating oils produced by chemical synthesis methods and are currently considered the synthetic lubricating oils with the greatest development potential.

[0004] PAO generally catalyzes the catalytic polymerization reaction with conventional catalysts such as Lewis acid or Ziegler - Natta catalyst. For example, BF3 is used as a catalyst to produce low - viscosity PAO, AlCl3 is used as a catalyst to produce medium - viscosity PAO, and Ziegler - Natta catalyst is used as a catalyst to produce high - viscosity PAO. The PAO produced by these methods generally has a prominent backbone, with short and long side chains protruding disorderly from the backbone.

[0005] Metallocene poly-α-olefins catalyze the polymerization of α-olefins with metallocene catalysts and can obtain uniform products due to their unique geometric structure. Therefore, metallocene PAO products have a comb-like structure and no upright side chains. Such a structure further affects the performance of PAO products. Compared with conventional PAO, metallocene PAO (mPAO) generally has improved rheological and flow properties, can provide better shear stability, low pour point and high viscosity index, and has good viscosity-temperature characteristics. These characteristics determine that mPAO can be used in highly severe environments, including power transmission systems, gear oils, compressor lubricating oils, transmission fluids and industrial lubricating oils. Currently, many mPAO manufacturing methods have complex catalyst systems, require the use of large amounts of organic solvents, cause separation, energy consumption and environmental problems, and the viscosity index of the manufactured products is low, restricting the use under extreme conditions. These above factors hinder its large-scale industrial production and application.

[0006] Summary of the Invention Problems to be Solved by the Invention The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the prior art, it is generally necessary to dissolve a catalyst (such as a metallocene catalyst) in a solvent to obtain a homogeneous system, but the solvent introduced in this process needs to be removed in another process. The present invention provides a new method for producing poly-α-olefins with a high viscosity index. By using a specific activator and compounding it with a specific metallocene compound, a homogeneous system can be formed from the metallocene catalyst and α-olefin raw materials containing these two substances, avoiding the use of solvents and the subsequent solvent removal process. And unexpectedly, it was found that the poly-α-olefins obtained by the method of the present invention have a high viscosity index.

[0007] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide poly-α-olefins produced by the method for solving the first technical problem.

[0008] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the application of the poly-α-olefin produced by the method of the first technical problem or the lubricating oil of the poly-α-olefin of the second technical problem.

[0009] The fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a lubricating oil containing the poly-α-olefin produced by the method of the first technical problem or the poly-α-olefin of the second technical problem.

[0010] 〔Means for Solving the Problems〕 In order to solve the first technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0011] A method for producing a high viscosity index poly-α-olefin, comprising subjecting an α-olefin to a polymerization reaction in the presence of a metallocene catalyst to obtain a poly-α-olefin, wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out in the absence of a solvent, the metallocene catalyst is composed of or formed by interacting with a metallocene compound and an activator, wherein the structure of the metallocene compound is as shown in formula (I),

[0012]

Chemical formula

[0013] In formula (I), M is a Group IV metal, preferably titanium, zirconium or hafnium, X 1 、X 2 are each independently halogen, C1-C 10 alkyl group, C6-C 10 aryl group, C1-C 10 substituted alkyl group, C6-C 10 substituted aryl group, optionally with one or more carbons in the alkyl or aryl group substituted by a heteroatom, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4, R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 are each independently H, C1-C 20 alkyl group, C6-C 20 aryl group, C1-C 20 substituted alkyl group and C6-C 20 substituted aryl group, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl group or aryl group are substituted with heteroatoms, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 Among the adjacent groups of R 7 , R 8 , they may optionally be bonded to each other to form a cyclopentadienyl-aryl group together with the five-membered ring connected thereto, Z is silicon or carbon whose valence saturation is achieved by a substituent, where the substituent is C1-C 20 alkyl group, C1-C 20 substituted alkyl group and C6-C 20 aryl group, and is any one of them, The activator contains alkylaluminum and / or borate, preferably contains alkylaluminum and borate.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the borate is (0.0001 to 5000):1, preferably (0.001 to 500):1, more preferably (0.005 to 50):1, and even more preferably (0.01 to 20):1.

[0015] According to the present invention, when the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the borate is within the above range, it is advantageous for forming the metallocene catalyst in a homogeneous system in α-olefin, and further advantageous for the progress of the polymerization reaction.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the borate may be 0.0001:1, 0.001:1, 0.005:1, 0.01:1, 0.05:1, 0.1:1, 0.5:1, 1:1, 5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 50:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1, 80:1, 85:1, 90:1, 95:1, 100:1, 200:1, 300:1, 400:1, 500:1, 600:1, 700:1, 800:1, 900:1, 1000:1, and any value therebetween.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the general formula of the alkylaluminum is AlR3, where R is a C1-C 10 alkyl group, and preferably the alkylaluminum is selected from trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, tri-n-propylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, triisopentylaluminum, tri-n-pentylaluminum, triisohexylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum, triisoheptylaluminum, tri-n-heptylaluminum, triisooctylaluminum, tri-n-octylaluminum, triisononylaluminum, tri-n-nonylaluminum, triisodecylaluminum, and tri-n-decylaluminum.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the borate is selected from dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, diethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, dibutylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, diethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, and tributylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the α-olefin is a C4-C 20 α-olefin, preferably a C6-C 14 α-olefin, more preferably 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-nonadecene, and 1-icosene, preferably 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene, and 1-tetradecene.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conditions of the polymerization reaction include that the reaction temperature is 20°C to 200°C, preferably 60°C to 170°C.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alkylaluminum is calculated as Al, the metallocene compound is calculated as M, and the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the metallocene compound is 0.1:1 to 1000:1, preferably 0.1:1 to 100:1.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alkylaluminum is calculated as Al, the metallocene compound is calculated as M, and the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the metallocene compound may be 0.1:1, 1:1, 5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 50:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1, 80:1, 85:1, 90:1, 95:1, 100:1, 200:1, 300:1, 400:1, 500:1, 600:1, 700:1, 800:1, 900:1, 1000:1, and any value therebetween.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the borate is calculated as B, the metallocene compound is calculated as M, and the molar ratio of the borate to the metallocene compound is 0.1:1 - 1000:1, preferably 0.1:1 to 100:1.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the borate is calculated as B, the metallocene compound is calculated as M, and the molar ratio of the borate to the metallocene compound is 0.1:1, 1:1, 5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 50:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1, 80:1, 85:1, 90:1, 95:1, 100:1, 200:1, 300:1, 400:1, 500:1, 600:1, 700:1, 800:1, 900:1, 1000:1, and any value therebetween.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the metallocene compound to the α-olefin is (10 -6 -10 -3 ):1, preferably (10 -5 -10 -4 ):1.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the metallocene compound to the α-olefin is 10 -6 :1, 5×10 -6 :1, 10 -5 :1, 5×10 -5 :1, 10 -4 :1, 5×10 -4 :1, 10 -3 :1, and any value therebetween.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in formula (I), M is zirconium.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in formula (I), X 1 , X 2 are each independently selected from chlorine, a C1-C4 alkyl group, or a C1-C4 substituted alkyl group, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl group are substituted with heteroatoms.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in formula (I), X 1, X 2 is chlorine.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in formula (I), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 are each independently selected from H, a C1-C 10 alkyl group, a C6-C 18 aryl group, a C1-C 10 substituted alkyl group, and a C6-C 15 substituted aryl group, preferably R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 are each independently selected from H, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C6-C 12 aryl group, a C1-C6 substituted alkyl group, and a C6-C 10 substituted aryl group, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl group or aryl group are substituted with heteroatoms.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in formula (I), Z is silicon that realizes valence saturation by a substituent, preferably, the substituent is a C1-C 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 are each independently selected from H, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in formula (I), Z is silicon that realizes valence saturation by a substituent, preferably, the substituent is a C1-C 10 alkyl group, a C1-C 10 substituted alkyl group, and a C6-C 18Any one of the aryl groups, preferably a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 substituted alkyl group, and a C6-C 12 is any one of the aryl groups.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metallocene compound is selected from the following compounds.

[0034] Dimethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbisindenylzirconium dichloride, Diethylsilylbisindenylzirconium dichloride, Diphenylsilylbis(4,7-dimethylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(4,7-dimethylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbisindenylzirconium dichloride, Diphenylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride, Ethylidenebisindenylzirconium dichloride, Ethylidenebis(2-methylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(2-methyl-3-butylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbiscyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride, Diethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(3,5-dimethylphenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Diethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(4,7-dimethylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(4,7-dimethylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl(4,7-dimethylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl(3,5-dimethylphenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(2-methylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl(2-methylindenyl)zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylhafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbisindenylhafnium dichloride, Diethylsilylbisindenylhafnium dichloride, Diphenylsilylbis(4,7-dimethylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(4,7-dimethylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbisindenylhafnium dichloride, Diphenylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)hafnium dichloride, Ethylidenebisindenylhafnium dichloride, Ethylidenebis(2-methylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(2-methyl-3-butylcyclopentadienyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbiscyclopentadienylhafnium dichloride, Diethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(3,5-dimethylphenylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Diethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(4,7-dimethylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(4,7-dimethylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl(4,7-dimethylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl(3,5-dimethylphenylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylbis(2-methylindenyl)hafnium dichloride, Dimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl(2-methylindenyl)hafnium dichloride.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above production method can obtain a poly-α-olefin with a high viscosity index without adding excess hydrogen gas. However, when excess hydrogen gas is added, the conversion rate of α-olefin can be further improved, and / or the molecular weight of the poly-α-olefin can be reduced and / or the activity of the poly-α-olefin can be improved.

[0036] In order to solve the above second technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0037] It is the poly-α-olefin produced by the above method.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the polymerization reaction is completed, unreacted monomers and oligomer products are removed by separation to obtain poly-α-olefin.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the poly-α-olefin has a viscosity index of 140 or more, preferably 180 or more, and more preferably 200 or more.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the poly-α-olefin has a kinematic viscosity at 100 °C of 3 cSt or more, preferably 50 cSt or more, and more preferably 100 cSt or more.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the poly-α-olefin has a weight average molecular weight of 200 to 50,000.

[0042] In order to solve the above third technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0043] It is an application in a lubricating oil of a poly-α-olefin produced by the above method or the poly-α-olefin described above.

[0044] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the poly-α-olefin does not require any further separation or blending operations and can be directly applied to the lubricating oil. Preferably, the separation involves separating impurities from the poly-α-olefin, and the impurities include a solvent.

[0045] According to the present invention, the poly-α-olefin produced by the above method or the poly-α-olefin described above is particularly suitable for application to lubricating oils for the following reasons.

[0046] 1) The poly-α-olefin produced by the above method or the poly-α-olefin described above has a high viscosity index, and its viscosity index is usually 140 or more.

[0047] 2) The poly-α-olefin produced by the above method or the poly-α-olefin described above does not require any further separation or blending operations and can be directly applied to the lubricating oil, which can simplify the manufacturing process and has great potential for industrial applications.

[0048] To solve the above fourth technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0049] A lubricating oil containing the poly-α-olefin produced by the above method or the above poly-α-olefin and optionally containing a lubricating oil additive.

[0050] According to the present invention, the lubricating oil additive may be one or more compounds added to the lubricating oil that are commonly used in this field, whereby the lubricating oil may obtain some new properties or some existing properties of the lubricating oil are improved. The lubricating oil additive is selected from antioxidants, antiwear agents, friction improvers (also called oiliness agents), extreme pressure additives, detergents, dispersants, antifoaming agents, anticorrosion and rust inhibitors, pour point improvers, and viscosity index improvers.

[0051] According to the present invention, the specific type of the lubricating oil additive can be generally selected according to different demands brought about by the scenarios where the lubricating oil is applied.

[0052] According to the present invention, the content of the lubricating oil additive can be generally selected according to different demands brought about by the scenarios where the lubricating oil is applied.

[0053] According to the present invention, the method for manufacturing lubricating oil by adopting the poly-α-olefin and the lubricating oil additive is a general technical means in this field, and the description thereof is omitted herein.

[0054] In the present invention, the term "high viscosity index" refers to a viscosity index of 140 or more.

[0055] In the present invention, the term "heteroatom" may refer to heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

[0056] In the present invention, the term substituted alkyl group or substituted aryl group refers to the substitution of one or more hydrogens in the alkyl group or aryl group by substituents, where the substituents may be selected from halogen, non-carbon oxo acid groups and their derivatives, and optionally substituted alkyl groups, aralkyl groups, and aryl groups. For example, it is a group substituted with a group selected from alkyl groups, aryl groups, amino groups, hydroxy groups, alkoxy groups, carbonyl groups, oxa groups, carboxyl groups, thia, sulfur oxo acids, halogeno groups, and combinations thereof.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least as follows. The method for manufacturing a high viscosity index poly-α-olefin provided by the present invention is carried out in the absence of a solvent and can obtain a poly-α-olefin with a high viscosity index without the need to additionally add hydrogen gas. It is economical, environmentally friendly, highly operable, and suitable for industrial production.

[0058] 〔Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention〕 The present invention will be further described by way of examples below.

[0059] In the present invention, the kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is measured with reference to the test method of GB / T 265, and the viscosity index is calculated with reference to the calculation method of GB / T 1995.

[0060] [Example 1] 100 g of 1-hexene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and it was heated isothermally at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 32 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 40 mg of trimethylaluminum, and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and after reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, it was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 70.52 g of a product, and the yield was 70%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 120.6 cSt, the viscosity index was 237, and the weight average molecular weight was 6102.

[0061] [Example 2] 100 g of 1-hexene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and it was heated isothermally at 80 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 32 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 40 mg of trimethylaluminum, and 3 μmol of dimethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylhafnium dichloride were added in sequence, and after reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, it was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 75.38 g of a product, and the yield was 75%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 111.8 cSt, the viscosity index was 220, and the weight average molecular weight was 5797.

[0062] [Example 3] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 32 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 40 mg of trimethylaluminum, and 3 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(n-propylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 95.25 g of the product, with a yield of 95%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 108.9 cSt, the viscosity index is 238, and the weight-average molecular weight is 5696.

[0063] [Example 4] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 100 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 32 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 40 mg of trimethylaluminum, and 3 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(n-propylcyclopentadienyl)hafnium dichloride were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 96.72 g of the product, with a yield of 96%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 100.2 cSt, the viscosity index is 230, and the weight-average molecular weight is 5394.

[0064] [Example 5] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 105 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 32 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 55 mg of triethylaluminum, and 3 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(n-propylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 94.56 g of the product, with a yield of 94%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 101.7 cSt, the viscosity index is 229, and the weight-average molecular weight is 5446.

[0065] [Example 6] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas and isothermally heated at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 55 mg of dibutylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 40 mg of trimethylaluminum, 71 mg of triisopropylaluminum, and 3 μmol of dimethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride were added, and after reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, it was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 92.63 g of a product, with a yield of 92%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 23.2 cSt, the viscosity index is 203, and the weight average molecular weight is 2721.

[0066] [Example 7] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas and isothermally heated at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 35 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 102 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbisindenylzirconium dichloride were added, and after reacting for 2 hours, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, it was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 81.72 g of a product, with a yield of 81%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 5 cSt, the viscosity index is 140, and the weight average molecular weight is 1025.

[0067] [Example 8] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 35 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 137 mg of tri-n-hexylaluminum, and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbisindenylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 80.26 g of a product, with a yield of 80%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 146.2 cSt, the viscosity index is 210, and the weight average molecular weight is 6991.

[0068] [Example 9] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 20 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 31 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 137 mg of tri-n-hexylaluminum, and 2 μmol of diphenylsilylbis(4,7-dimethylindenyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 10 hours. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 95.44 g of a product, with a yield of 95%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 104.5 cSt, the viscosity index is 237, and the weight average molecular weight is 5543.

[0069] [Example 10] 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 110 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 29 mg of dibutylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 74 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 4 μmol of ethylidenebisindenylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 96.42 g of a product, with a yield of 96%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 95.7 cSt, the viscosity index is 228, and the weight average molecular weight is 5238.

[0070] Example 11 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 33 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 74 mg of triisobutylaluminum, and 4 μmol of ethylidenebisindenylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 92.57 g of a product, and the yield was 92%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 213.7 cSt, the viscosity index was 274, and the weight-average molecular weight was 9335.

[0071] Example 12 100 g of 1-octene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 49 mg of diethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 126 mg of tri-n-butylaluminum, and 4 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methyl-3-butylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 70.45 g of a product, and the yield was 70%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 320.8 cSt, the viscosity index was 276, and the weight-average molecular weight was 13053.

[0072] Example 13 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 80 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 37 mg of triethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 43 mg of trimethylaluminum, and 2 μmol of ethylidenebisindenylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 3 hours. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 53.68 g of a product, and the yield was 53%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 18 cSt, the viscosity index was 190, and the weight-average molecular weight was 2540.

[0073] 〔Example 14〕 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 41 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 38 mg of trimethylaluminum, and 3 μmol of dimethylsilylbiscyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 87.92 g of a product, and the yield was 88%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 35.5 cSt, the viscosity index was 200, and the weight-average molecular weight was 3148.

[0074] 〔Example 15〕 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 45 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 52 mg of triethylaluminum, and 4 μmol of dimethylsilylbiscyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 93.02 g of a product, and the yield was 93%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 161 cSt, the viscosity index was 251, and the weight-average molecular weight was 7505.

[0075] 〔Example 16〕 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 60 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 45 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 68 mg of triethylaluminum, and 6 μmol of dimethylsilylbiscyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 3 hours. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 48.65 g of a product, and the yield was 48%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 387.5 cSt, the viscosity index was 216, and the weight-average molecular weight was 15369.

[0076] [Example 17] 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 15 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 80 mg of triisopropylaluminum, and 3 μmol of diethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(3,5-dimethylphenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 94.85 g of a product, and the yield was 95%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 128 cSt, the viscosity index was 329, and the weight-average molecular weight was 6359.

[0077] [Example 18] 100 g of 1-dodecene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 200 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 45 mg of diethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 50 mg of triisobutylaluminum, and 3 μmol of diethylmethylenecyclopentadienyl(3,5-dimethylphenylindenyl)hafnium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 93.66 g of a product, and the yield was 93%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 147 cSt, the viscosity index was 185, and the weight-average molecular weight was 7019.

[0078] 〔Example 19〕 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 140 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 61 mg of dibutylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 50 mg of triethylaluminum, and 3 μmol of dimethylsilylbisindenyldichlorozirconium were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 2 hours. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 88.27 g of a product, and the yield was 88%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 236 cSt, the viscosity index was 302, and the weight-average molecular weight was 10109.

[0079] 〔Example 20〕 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 22 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 103 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)dichlorozirconium were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 96.74 g of a product, and the yield was 96%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 197 cSt, the viscosity index was 278, and the weight-average molecular weight was 8755.

[0080] 〔Example 21〕 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 1.2 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 326 g of a product, with a yield of 81.5%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 1135 cSt, the viscosity index was 317, and the weight average molecular weight was 41322.

[0081] [Example 22] 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 1.25 g of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 248 g of a product, with a yield of 62%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 6 cSt, the viscosity index was 141, and the weight average molecular weight was 1350.

[0082] [Example 23] 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 0.16 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 133 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 73.52 g of a product, with a yield of 73%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 69 cSt, the viscosity index was 166, and the weight average molecular weight was 4311.

[0083] Example 24 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated isothermally at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 160 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 133 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 83.14 g of a product, and the yield was 83%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 1127 cSt, the viscosity index was 316, and the weight-average molecular weight was 41045.

[0084] Example 25 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated isothermally at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 293 mg of dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 0 g of a product, and the yield was 0%.

[0085] Example 26 100 g of 1-decene was added to a 250 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated isothermally at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 293 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum and 2 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 5 g of a product, and the yield was 5%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 12 cSt, the viscosity index was 165, and the weight-average molecular weight was 1857.

[0086] Example 27 The difference from Example 24 is only that the dosage of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride was adjusted to 0.1 μmol. 42.57 g of the product was obtained, and the yield was 42%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 1305 cSt, the viscosity index is 345, and the weight average molecular weight is 48605.

[0087] 〔Example 28〕 The difference from Example 24 is only that the dosage of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride was adjusted to 10 μmol. 98 g of the product was obtained, and the yield was 98%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 92 cSt, the viscosity index is 213, and the weight average molecular weight is 5047.

[0088] 〔Example 29〕 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated isothermally at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 0.6 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. After that, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 296 g of the product, and the yield was 74%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 1085 cSt, the viscosity index is 310, and the weight average molecular weight is 40685.

[0089] 〔Example 30〕 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 176 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 1.2 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence. After reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 348 g of a product, with a yield of 87%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 1055 cSt, the viscosity index is 310, and the weight-average molecular weight is 39605.

[0090] [Example 31] 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 0.3 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence. After reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 220 g of a product, with a yield of 55%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 946 cSt, the viscosity index is 308, and the weight-average molecular weight is 34681.

[0091] [Example 32] 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 2.4 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence. After reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 352 g of a product, with a yield of 88%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 1186 cSt, the viscosity index is 317, and the weight-average molecular weight is 43321.

[0092] 〔Example 33〕 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated isothermally at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 24 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and after reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 368 g of a product with a yield of 92%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 1257 cSt, the viscosity index is 330, and the weight average molecular weight is 45877.

[0093] 〔Example 34〕 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated isothermally at 120 °C for 30 minutes. Then, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 48 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and after reacting for 1 hour, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 384 g of a product with a yield of 96%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 1289 cSt, the viscosity index is 335, and the weight average molecular weight is 46029.

[0094] 〔Example 35〕 400 g of 1-decene was added to a 1000 mL flask filled with nitrogen gas, and the mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 120 °C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 88 mg of trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 270 mg of tri-n-propylaluminum, and 8 μmol of dimethylsilylbis(2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride were added in sequence, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour. Then, a small amount of isopropanol was added to terminate the reaction. After cooling the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 332 g of a product with a yield of 83%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 1302 cSt, the viscosity index was 345, and the weight-average molecular weight was 48021.

[0095] [Comparative Example 1] The difference from Example 1 is that dimethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride in Example 1 was replaced with methoxymethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride, and finally 65 g of a product was obtained with a yield of 65%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 111.8 cSt, the viscosity index was 195, and the weight-average molecular weight was 5649.

[0096] [Comparative Example 2] The difference from Example 1 is that dimethylsilylbis-n-propylcyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride in Example 1 was replaced with the compound shown in the following formula (1) in CN107663257A, and the dosage of the compound was 2 μmol (the same as the dosage in Example 1). Finally, 45 g of a product was obtained with a yield of 45%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 92 cSt, the viscosity index was 164, and the weight-average molecular weight was 4937.

[0097] [Chemical formula]

[0098] In formula (1), R 1 is H, R 2 is Ph, and X = Br.

[0099] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that trimethylaluminum in Example 1 was replaced with 32.2 mg of methylaluminoxane powder, and the methylaluminoxane powder was produced by evacuating a commercially available toluene solution of methylaluminoxane. Finally, 51 g of the product was obtained, and the yield was 51%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 80 cSt, the viscosity index was 190, and the weight-average molecular weight was 4,605.

[0100] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate in Example 1 was replaced with 20.4 mg of tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron. Finally, 22 g of the product was obtained, and the yield was 22%. The kinematic viscosity at 100 °C was 125 cSt, the viscosity index was 238, and the weight-average molecular weight was 6,125.

[0101] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that no activator was used, that is, dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate and trimethylaluminum were not employed. Finally, 0 g of the product was obtained, and the yield was 0%.

[0102] For the convenience of comparison and analysis, the data in the above examples and comparative examples are summarized in Table 1-3 below.

[0103] [Table 1]

[0104] [Table 2]

[0105] [Table 3]

[0106] JPEG0007713941000006.jpg238169

Claims

1. A method for producing a poly-α-olefin with a high viscosity index, which includes subjecting an α-olefin to a polymerization reaction in the presence of a metallocene catalyst to obtain a poly-α-olefin, wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out in the absence of a solvent, the metallocene catalyst is composed of or formed by the interaction of a metallocene compound and an activator, and here, the structure of the metallocene compound is as shown in formula (I), 【Chemical 1】 in formula (I), M is titanium, zirconium or hafnium, X １ , X ２ is, independently of each other, halogen, C １ -C １０ alkyl group, C ６ -C １０ aryl group, C １ -C １０ substituted alkyl group, C ６ -C １０ selected from substituted aryl groups, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl or aryl group are substituted with heteroatoms, R １ 、R ２ 、R ３ 、R ４ 、R ５ 、R ６ 、R ７ 、R ８ are each independently H, C １ -C ２０ alkyl group, C ６ -C ２０ aryl group, C １ -C ２０ substituted alkyl group and C ６ -C ２０ substituted aryl group, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl group or aryl group are substituted with heteroatoms, R １ 、R ２ 、R ３ 、R ４ 、R ５ 、R ６ 、R ７ 、R ８ Among the adjacent groups of R, any two of them are optionally bonded to each other to form a cyclopentadienyl-aryl group together with a five-membered ring connected thereto. Z is silicon or carbon whose valence saturation is achieved by a substituent, where the substituent is C １ -C ２０ alkyl group, C １ -C ２０ substituted alkyl group, and C ６ -C ２０ any one of aryl groups, the activator is an alkylaluminum and a borate, the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the borate is (0.005 - 50):1, the alkylaluminum is selected from trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, tri-n-propylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, triisopentylaluminum, tri-n-pentylaluminum, triisohexylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum, triisoheptylaluminum, tri-n-heptylaluminum, triisooctylaluminum, tri-n-octylaluminum, triisononylaluminum, tri-n-nonylaluminum, triisodecylaluminum and tri-n-decylaluminum, the borate is selected from dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, diethylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, dibutylphenylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, diethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate and tributylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, method.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the borate is (0.01 - 20):

1.

3. The α-olefin is C ４ -C ２０ The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the α-olefin is

4. The α-olefin is 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-nonadecene, or 1-icosene, and the method according to claim 3 is characterized by this.

5. The α-olefin is 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene, or 1-tetradecene, and the method according to claim 3 is characterized by this.

6. The conditions of the polymerization reaction include that the reaction temperature is 20°C to 200°C, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by this.

7. The alkylaluminum is calculated based on Al, the metallocene compound is calculated based on M, and the molar ratio of the alkylaluminum to the metallocene compound is 0.1:1 to 1000:1, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by this.

8. The borate is calculated based on B, the metallocene compound is calculated based on M, and the molar ratio of the borate to the metallocene compound is 0.1:1 to 1000:1, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by this.

9. The mass ratio of the metallocene compound to the α-olefin is (10 -６ - 10 -３ ):1, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that.

10. In formula (I), M is zirconium, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized by this.

11. In formula (I), X １ , X ２ are each independently chlorine, C １ -C ４ alkyl group or C １ -C ４ substituted alkyl group, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl group are substituted with heteroatoms. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that.

12. In formula (I), R １ , R ２ , R ３ , R ４ , R ５ , R ６ , R ７ , R ８ are each independently H, C １ -C １０ alkyl group, C ６ -C １８ aryl group, C １ -C １０ substituted alkyl group, C ６ -C １５ substituted aryl group, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl group or aryl group are substituted with heteroatoms, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. In formula (I), R １ , R ２ , R ３ , R ４ , R ５ , R ６ , R ７ , R ８ are each independently H, C １ -C ６ alkyl group, C ６ -C １２ aryl group, C １ -C ６ substituted alkyl group, and C ６ -C １０ selected from the group consisting of substituted aryl groups, and optionally, one or more carbons in the alkyl group or aryl group are substituted with heteroatoms, the method according to claim 12.

14. In formula (I), Z is silicon that realizes valence saturation by a substituent, and the substituent is C １ -C １０ an alkyl group, C １ -C １０ a substituted alkyl group, and C ６ -C １８ The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is any one of an aryl group.

15. The poly-α-olefin has a viscosity index of 140 or more, and the viscosity index is calculated with reference to the calculation method of GB / T 1995, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 is characterized by this.

16. The poly-α-olefin has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 3 cSt or more, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is characterized by this.

17. The poly-α-olefin has a weight average molecular weight of 200 to 50000, and the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is characterized by this.

18. Application of the poly-α-olefin produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 in a lubricating oil.

19. The poly-α-olefin according to claim 18 is characterized in that it does not require further separation or blending operations and is directly applied to the lubricating oil.

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