Method for forming a sheet or film comprising a collection of carbon black aggregates and a collection of metal nanoparticles

Abstract

To provide a method of simultaneously imparting higher tensile strength, higher compression strength and higher shear strength than a plastic sheet or film, to a sheet or a film made of a mass of aggregates of carbon black.SOLUTION: A first suspension in which carbon black aggregates are dispersed in alcohol is prepared. A second suspension is prepared by mixing a cluster of nano-sized fine crystals of a metal compound that precipitates metal by thermal decomposition with alcohol. A mixture of two kinds of suspensions is filled in a chamber of a vacuum impregnation device, and the pressure in the chamber is set to minimum, and saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol is reduced to 1 / 5 to create raw materials for forming a sheet or a film by a T-die method. Finally, the sheet or film is heated to a temperature at which the thermal decomposition of the metal compound is completed, causing a mass of metal nanoparticles to be precipitated all at once.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] In this invention, first, a first suspension is prepared by dispersing a collection of carbon black aggregates, in which the aggregates are entangled with each other via alcohol, in alcohol. Second, a second suspension is prepared by mixing a collection of nano-sized microcrystals of a metal compound that precipitates a metal upon thermal decomposition with alcohol. Third, the mixture of the two suspensions is filled into the chamber of a vacuum impregnation device, and the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol as the minimum pressure, to prepare a raw material for forming a sheet or film in the chamber. Fourth, a sheet or film is formed using the raw material by the T-die method. Fifth, the sheet or film is heated to a temperature at which the metal compound completes thermal decomposition, causing the collection of metal nanoparticles to precipitate simultaneously. As a result, the gaps between the entangled carbon black aggregates are filled with metal nanoparticles, and the entangled aggregates are covered with a layer of metal nanoparticles. On the other hand, while the size of gases and water vapor is 0.3-0.5 nm, aggregates are made up of carbon particles with sizes of 10-100 nm strung together in an irregular, complex shape. Therefore, sheets or films made up of aggregates entangled with each other have many pores with sizes of 0.3-0.5 nm or larger. For this reason, sheets or films made up of aggregates entangled with each other do not have gas barrier properties. The size of the aggregates is 100-500 nm. Therefore, a sheet or film made of a collection of entangled aggregates has low mechanical strength because the aggregates are not bonded to each other. Furthermore, a sheet or film made of a collection of aggregates in which the aggregates are entangled with one another reflects the color of the aggregates, resulting in a blackish sheet or film that does not look attractive. Furthermore, the resistivity of carbon black is six orders of magnitude greater than that of metals, but 13 orders of magnitude less than that of synthetic resins. Therefore, a sheet or film made of aggregates does not have electrical or thermal conductivity comparable to that of metals. In contrast, in the sheet or film of the present invention, the gaps between entangled carbon black aggregates are filled with layers of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles, and the surfaces of the entangled aggregates are covered with layers of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles, thereby simultaneously providing a variety of excellent properties. First, since the sheet or film is made up of a collection of aggregates in which aggregates are entangled with one another, the sheet or film has excellent light-blocking and heat-dissipating properties. Second, the collection of metallically bonded metal nanoparticles forms a path in the sheet or film through which electrons can travel continuously, giving the sheet or film electrical and thermal conductivity comparable to that of a metal. Thirdly, the sheet or film is covered with a layer of metal-bonded nanoparticles, which blocks pores through which gases and water vapor pass, thereby imparting gas barrier properties to the sheet or film. Fourth, liquids have surface tension and cannot penetrate the sheet or film. Fifth, the aggregates are bound together by the clusters of metal nanoparticles that are metal-bonded. Therefore, the sheet or film Pull It has tensile strength, compressive strength and shear strength. Sixth, the heat resistance and flame resistance of the sheet or film are higher than those of plastic sheets or films. Seventh, the surface of the sheet or film is covered with a cluster of metal-bonded nanoparticles, giving the sheet or film a metallic luster. Thus, the sheet or film of the present invention simultaneously possesses a variety of properties that surpass those of conventional plastic sheets or films. According to the JIS packaging terminology, a film is defined as "a plastic membrane with a thickness of less than 250 μm," and a sheet is defined as "a thin plastic plate with a thickness of 250 μm or more." In the present invention, in accordance with the JIS, a wide, thin membrane-like body made of a collection of carbon black aggregates is defined as a sheet if it is 250 μm or more thick, and as a film if it is less than 250 μm thick. Prior to the present invention, the inventors filed a patent application in Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-07055 for an invention in which a thin film or film made of a collection of carbon black aggregates is prepared, and the surface of the thin film or film is covered with a coating made of a collection of laminated metal nanoparticles, thereby giving the thin film or film both gas barrier properties and metallic gloss. The present invention is an improved application of the earlier application, and relates to a method for producing a carbon black aggregate by filling the gaps between the entangled aggregates with a cluster of stacked metal nanoparticles and covering the surface of the aggregate with the cluster of stacked metal nanoparticles. Pull Tensile strength and pressure Compression strength and height The improvement is that it simultaneously provides tensile strength. [Background technology]

[0002] Prior art close to the present invention includes light-shielding thin films and light-shielding films, and heat-dissipating thin films and heat-dissipating films. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a conventional light-blocking film. Specifically, the outside of a liquid beverage container is covered with a light-blocking shrink film to prevent light from reaching the liquid beverage and inhibit the deterioration of the functional ingredients in the liquid beverage due to light exposure. However, even the highest light-blocking shrink film has a total light transmittance of only around 92%, and continuous exposure to ultraviolet light slowly accelerates the deterioration of the liquid beverage.

[0003] Patent Document 2 also describes a conventional heat-dissipating film. Specifically, a heat-dissipating layer with excellent heat dissipation properties due to infrared radiation is formed by laminating a water-insoluble inorganic compound and a heat-resistant synthetic resin on a metal film with excellent thermal conductivity. However, the emissivity of the heat-dissipating layer made of a water-insoluble inorganic compound and a heat-resistant synthetic resin is low, at 0.8-0.9. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-201569 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-193529 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sheet or film made of a collection of carbon black aggregates with gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of a metal, as well as Pull Tensile strength and pressure Compression strength and height The purpose is to simultaneously impart rupture strength. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] It has gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to that of metal. Ta The method for preparing the feedstock for use in forming a sheet or film of carbon black aggregates comprises: A first suspension is prepared in advance, in which aggregates, which are primary agglomerates of carbon particles constituting carbon black, are entangled with each other via a first alcohol having a weight greater than that of the aggregates of carbon black, and the entangled aggregates are dispersed in the first alcohol. A second suspension is prepared in advance, in which aggregates of fine crystals of the metal compound, which are one order of magnitude smaller than the aggregates, are mixed with a second alcohol having a boiling point 15°C or more higher than that of the first alcohol and lower than the temperature at which thermal decomposition of a metal compound that precipitates metal by thermal decomposition begins, in a weight less than that of the second alcohol. Thereafter, the second suspension, which is greater in weight than the first suspension, and the first suspension are filled into a container, and the two suspensions are stirred to prepare a mixture of the two suspensions. Thereafter, the mixture of the two suspensions is filled into the chamber of a vacuum impregnation device, and the chamber is sealed. Furthermore, the vacuum pump of the vacuum impregnation device is operated. and reducing the pressure in the chamber to a minimum pressure that is 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature in the chamber, thereby causing 4 / 5 or less of the first alcohol to vaporize and be discharged from the chamber, and also causing a portion of the second alcohol to vaporize and be discharged from the chamber in accordance with the magnitude of the saturated vapor pressure of the second alcohol at the temperature in the chamber, and as the amounts of both the first alcohol and the second alcohol decrease, the mixture of the two types of suspensions becomes a new suspension, and as the two types of alcohols vaporize, the new suspension moves into the gaps between the entangled aggregates and is adsorbed onto the surfaces of the entangled aggregate groups, thereby forming a mixture consisting of the new suspension and the aggregate groups in the chamber, and the mixture is used as a raw material for forming a sheet or film. It has gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to that of metal. Ta A method for preparing a feedstock for use in forming a sheet or film of aggregates of carbon black.

[0007] By carrying out two very simple treatments described below in succession, it is possible to impart gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of metal. Ta A raw material to be used in forming a sheet or film made of a collection of carbon black aggregates is prepared. Prior to the preparation of the raw material, a first suspension and a second suspension are prepared in advance. The first process involves simply filling a container with the first suspension and the second suspension and stirring the two suspensions. The second process involves filling the stirred two suspensions into a chamber of a vacuum impregnation device, sealing the chamber, and then operating the vacuum pump of the vacuum impregnation device to reduce the pressure inside the chamber to a minimum pressure of 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature inside the chamber. Carbon black is an inexpensive industrial material produced by burning oil or gas in a large furnace under oxygen-rich conditions. Alcohol is the most commonly used organic solvent. The two processes are extremely simple, and the process in a vacuum impregnation device is also extremely simple. Therefore, the raw material used to form sheets or films can be produced inexpensively using inexpensive raw materials with low processing costs. Next, the phenomena that occur in the two processes and the effects that the two processes bring about will be explained. In the first process, the first and second suspensions are filled into a container and stirred. During this process, the metal compound that precipitates the metal upon thermal decomposition is insoluble in both the first and second alcohols. Furthermore, the first and second alcohols are miscible. On the other hand, carbon black aggregates are clusters of carbon particles, each 10-100 nm in size, bound together in an irregular, complex, string-like structure (called a "structure"). Furthermore, the aggregates are 100-500 nm in size and contain 100-1000 carbon particles. Furthermore, the metal compound microcrystals are nanosized, an order of magnitude smaller than the aggregate size. Therefore, when the first and second suspensions are stirred, the first and second alcohols become miscible, forming a third suspension, a mixture of the mixed alcohols and nanosized clusters of metal compound microcrystals. As a result, the third suspension, instead of the first alcohol, fills the gaps between the entangled aggregates of carbon black, and the aggregates become a mixture dispersed in the third suspension. Note that, because the metal compound does not disperse or dissolve in the mixed alcohol, the microcrystals in the third suspension are similar in size to the microcrystals in the second suspension and are one order of magnitude smaller than the aggregates. In other words, metal compounds that precipitate metals through thermal decomposition are dispersed at a rate of around 10% by weight in methanol, which has one carbon atom. As the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol increases, the weight percentage of metal compounds dispersed in the alcohol decreases, and metal compounds do not disperse or dissolve in alcohols with a certain number of carbon atoms or more. Therefore, the first suspension is composed of alcohols with a certain number of carbon atoms or more. Furthermore, since the second alcohol has a boiling point that is 15°C or more higher than that of the first alcohol, the number of carbon atoms in the second alcohol is equal to or greater than that of the first alcohol. Therefore, like the first alcohol, metal compounds do not disperse or dissolve in the second alcohol. For this reason, metal compounds do not disperse or dissolve in alcohols that are a mixture of two types of alcohol. Furthermore, the second alcohol, No.It has a higher viscosity than alcohol. In the second process, the stirred mixture of the two suspensions is filled into the chamber of a vacuum impregnation device, and the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature inside the chamber, as the minimum pressure. This causes 4 / 5 or less of the first alcohol to evaporate from the mixed alcohol, and the evaporated first alcohol is discharged from the chamber to the outside of the vacuum impregnation device. A portion of the second alcohol also evaporates in an amount corresponding to the saturated vapor pressure of the second alcohol at the temperature inside the chamber, and the evaporated second alcohol is discharged from the chamber to the outside of the vacuum impregnation device. As a result, the third suspension becomes a mixture of the two alcohols with reduced amounts of both alcohols, and becomes a fourth suspension in which the mixed two alcohols are mixed with clusters of microcrystals of the metal compound. As the two alcohols evaporate, the fourth suspension moves within the mixed two alcohols. As a result, the fourth suspension, instead of the third suspension, enters the gaps between the entangled carbon black aggregates. Furthermore, the fourth suspension, instead of the third suspension, is adsorbed onto the surface of the entangled aggregates. As a result, a mixture consisting of the fourth suspension and the aggregates is created in the chamber. This mixture is used as a raw material for forming a sheet or film consisting of the carbon black aggregates. The two vaporized alcohols are recovered in a recovery machine and reused. In other words, if the boiling points of two alcohols differ by 15°C or more, the saturated vapor pressures of the two alcohols at each temperature will differ. For example, the saturated vapor pressure of ethanol is 1.068 atmospheres at 80°C, close to its boiling point of 78.5°C, and 0.712 atmospheres at 70°C. A mere 10°C increase in temperature near the boiling point increases the saturated vapor pressure by nearly 50%. Therefore, if the boiling points of two alcohols differ by 15°C or more, the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol will be higher than that of the second alcohol at each temperature. Therefore, if the pressure inside the chamber of a vacuum impregnation device is reduced to a minimum pressure of 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the chamber temperature, less than 4 / 5 of the first alcohol will vaporize. Meanwhile, the second alcohol evaporates in accordance with the magnitude of its saturated vapor pressure at the temperature inside the chamber. However, because the boiling point of the second alcohol is more than 15°C higher than that of the first alcohol, the amount of the second alcohol that evaporates is less than half the amount of the first alcohol that evaporates. As a result, both types of alcohol are reduced in volume, and the third suspension becomes a new fourth suspension. Meanwhile, even though the second alcohol evaporates, with less than four-fifths of the first alcohol evaporating, less than half the amount of the first alcohol that evaporates, the total amount of the two types of alcohol is still more than half the total amount of the two types of alcohol in the third suspension. Therefore, the fourth suspension still exhibits the properties of liquid alcohol rather than the properties of the microcrystalline solid metal compound. Therefore, when the pressure in the chamber is reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature in the chamber, the fourth suspension moves into the gaps between the entangled aggregates, replacing the third suspension, and the fourth suspension is adsorbed onto the surface of the entangled aggregates, replacing the third suspension. In contrast, if the second alcohol is composed of an alcohol with a boiling point close to that of the first alcohol and the pressure in the chamber is reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature inside the chamber, the closer the boiling points of the two alcohols, the greater the amount of vaporization of both alcohols. The fourth suspension then becomes dominated by the properties of the solid metal compound's microcrystalline structure rather than the properties of the liquid alcohol. As a result, the fourth suspension has difficulty penetrating the gaps between the entangled aggregates, preventing the carbon black aggregates from entangling with each other through the fourth suspension. For this reason, an alcohol with a boiling point 15°C or more higher than that of the first alcohol was used as the second alcohol. As explained above, even when the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to a minimum pressure of 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature inside the chamber, the total amount of the two alcohols is more than 1 / 2 of the total amount of the two alcohols in the third suspension. Therefore, the fourth suspension, which has predominantly alcoholic properties, replaces the third suspension and enters the gaps between the entangled carbon black aggregates, causing the carbon black aggregates to entangle with each other through the fourth suspension. Furthermore, the fourth suspension is adsorbed onto the surface of the entangled aggregate clusters. Thus, a mixture of the aggregate clusters and the fourth suspension is formed inside the chamber. This mixture is used as a raw material for forming a sheet or film composed of the carbon black aggregate clusters.

[0008] The method of making the first suspension described in paragraph 6, As the first alcohol described in paragraph 6, an alcohol having a viscosity of 3-5 mPa·sec at 20°C is used, and the alcohol and carbon black aggregates having a weight less than that of the alcohol are filled into a container, and the carbon black aggregates are stirred and immersed in the alcohol. Thereafter, an ultrasonic homogenizer is placed in the container, and the homogenizer is operated in the alcohol to homogenize the carbon black aggregates, which are primary agglomerates of carbon particles constituting the carbon black, to a size smaller than that of the aggregates. Small bubbles are generated in the alcohol, and then the bubbles disappear almost simultaneously. At this time, shock waves generated when the bubbles burst are continuously generated in the alcohol, and the shock waves are continuously irradiated to the fine parts of the agglomerates, which are clumps of the aggregates entangled with each other. As a result, the entangled parts of the aggregates are released, and the alcohol is adsorbed to the released entangled parts, thereby creating a first suspension in which a collection of aggregates entangled via the alcohol is dispersed in the alcohol. 6 paragraphs 2. A method of making the first suspension described in 1.

[0009] In other words, the smallest unit that cannot be decomposed from carbon black is the aggregate, which is a primary agglomeration of carbon particles. As described in paragraph 7, this aggregate is a collection of carbon particles, each 10-100 nm in size, bound together in an irregular, complex, string-like structure (called a "structure"). The size of an aggregate is 100-500 nm, and the number of carbon particles is 100-1000. This structure allows these aggregates to easily become entangled, forming agglomerates, which are secondary agglomerations of carbon particles and aggregate clusters. Therefore, carbon black is largely composed of agglomerates, the largest of which can be as large as 1 mm, forming a powder. For this reason, it is difficult to prepare a suspension of agglomerates in alcohol, and it is even more difficult to form a sheet or film from agglomerates. For this reason, a homogenizer is operated in a low-viscosity alcohol of 3-5 mPa·sec at 20°C, shock waves are continuously applied to the agglomerate collection, and the sites where aggregates are directly entangled are separated by the irradiation of shock waves, and the alcohol is adsorbed onto the separated sites, entangling the aggregates via the alcohol. As a result, a first suspension is formed in which the aggregate collection entangled via the alcohol is dispersed in the low-viscosity alcohol. That is, an alcohol having a viscosity of 3-5 mPa·sec at 20°C was used as the first alcohol for the following three reasons. First, metal compounds do not disperse or dissolve in alcohols with five or more carbon atoms. That is, metal compounds disperse at a rate of nearly 10% by weight in methanol with one carbon atom, dispersing in the methanol in a molecular state. On the other hand, as the number of carbon atoms and molecular weight increase, the dispersibility of metal compounds in alcohol decreases, and metal compounds do not disperse or dissolve in alcohols with five or more carbon atoms. Therefore, the first suspension is formed using an alcohol with five or more carbon atoms. Furthermore, because the boiling point of the second alcohol is 15°C or more higher than that of the first alcohol, the number of carbon atoms in the second alcohol is equal to or greater than the number of carbon atoms in the first alcohol. Therefore, like the first alcohol, metal compounds do not disperse or dissolve in the second alcohol. Therefore, even when the first suspension is mixed with the second suspension, the size of the nano-sized crystals of the metal compound remains unchanged, and a collection of these nano-sized crystals forms a third suspension, a mixture of the two alcohols. Some alcohols with five or more carbon atoms have a viscosity of 3-5 mPa·sec at 20°C. Second, alcohols with relatively high viscosities have higher boiling points than alcohols with relatively low viscosities. That is, the boiling point of an alcohol with a viscosity of 6 mPa·s at 20°C is higher than that of an alcohol with a viscosity of 5 mPa·s at 20°C. On the other hand, the boiling point of the second alcohol is at least 15°C higher than that of the first alcohol, but lower than the temperature at which thermal decomposition of metal compounds begins. Therefore, if the first alcohol has a viscosity higher than 5 mPa·s at 20°C, the boiling point of the first alcohol will increase, and the boiling point of the second alcohol, which is at least 15°C higher than that of the first alcohol, will exceed the thermal decomposition temperature of some metal compounds, narrowing the range of metal compounds that can precipitate metals through thermal decomposition. Third, when a homogenizer is operated in alcohol having a viscosity of 3-5 mPa·sec at 20°C, the sites where aggregates are directly entangled with each other are released in a short time, and alcohol having the above viscosity is adsorbed to the sites, causing the aggregates to entangle with each other via the alcohol, thereby producing a first suspension. In other words, when a homogenizer is operated in alcohol, tiny shock waves are generated in the alcohol, which excite the alcohol molecules as they move through the alcohol. On the other hand, the lower the viscosity of the alcohol, the less likely the alcohol molecules are excited by the shock waves, and the less energy is lost from the shock waves. Because the viscosity of alcohol is low (3-5 mPa·sec), the energy of the shock waves is less likely to be lost, and the tiny shock waves are efficiently irradiated onto the agglomerates, which are clumps of aggregates. This allows the tiny shock waves to repeatedly irradiate the areas where aggregates are directly entangled. Because aggregates are extremely lightweight, with sizes ranging from 100-500 nm, the directly entangled areas are dissociated. Since the agglomerates are immersed in the low-viscosity alcohol, the low-viscosity alcohol adsorbs onto the disentangled aggregates. As a result, the aggregates entangled through the alcohol are dispersed in the alcohol. As a result, the aggregates become entangled with each other via the low-viscosity alcohol, and a first suspension is created in which a collection of entangled aggregates is dispersed in the low-viscosity alcohol. When an ultrasonic homogenizer is used as the homogenizer, a huge number of bubbles smaller than the size of the aggregates are simultaneously generated, and then the bubbles disappear almost simultaneously. This generation and disappearance of bubbles occurs repeatedly according to the ultrasonic generation cycle, and the generation and disappearance of bubbles is repeated in the low-viscosity alcohol (this phenomenon is called cavitation). Shock waves generated when the bubbles burst are continuously generated in the low-viscosity alcohol, and the shock waves are hardly absorbed and are continuously irradiated to the fine details of the agglomerates, causing the areas where the aggregates are directly entangled to separate in a short period of time, and the alcohol is adsorbed to the separated areas. Therefore, the ultrasonic homogenizer repeatedly generates and disappears bubbles according to the ultrasonic generation cycle, thereby separating the areas where the aggregates are directly entangled in a short period of time. The aggregates have an irregular, complex structure in which carbon particles are strung together, and the size and shape of each aggregate vary. Therefore, even if the shock waves emitted by the homogenizer are repeatedly applied to the agglomerates, all of the areas where the aggregates are directly entangled in the aggregate cluster are separated, resulting in the aggregate cluster being separated into individual aggregates, and the separated aggregates cannot be dispersed in alcohol. Therefore, the separation of aggregate clusters using the homogenizer is a process in which alcohol is adsorbed onto the areas where the aggregates are directly entangled. This process allows the aggregate clusters, in which the aggregates are entangled via alcohol, to be easily dispersed in alcohol. Aggregates are collections of carbon particles with sizes of 10-100 nm, bound together in a string of irregular, complex shapes, with sizes ranging from 100-500 nm. Therefore, in collections of aggregates where aggregates are entangled with each other via alcohol, the entangled aggregates do not bond with each other, but are dispersed in the alcohol. By the way, the following alcohols exist that have a viscosity of 3-5 mPa·s at 20°C: 1-pentanol, which has a viscosity of 3.3 mPa·s at 20°C and a boiling point of 138°C, and other structural isomers of pentyl alcohol, which has five carbon atoms. These include 2-pentanol, which has a viscosity of 4.1 mPa·s at 20°C and a boiling point of 119°C; 2-methyl-2-butanol (also known as t-amyl alcohol), which has a viscosity of 3.5 mPa·s at 20°C and a boiling point of 102°C; 3-methyl-1-butanol (also known as isoamyl alcohol), which has a viscosity of 3.7 mPa·s at 20°C and a boiling point of 131°C; 2-methyl-1-butanol, which has a viscosity of 5.1 mPa·s at 20°C and a boiling point of 128°C; and 3-methyl-2-butanol, which has a viscosity of 3.4 mPa·s at 20°C and a boiling point of 113°C. The first suspension is prepared by running a homogenizer on a mixture of the first alcohol and the carbon black aggregate. The first alcohol is a general-purpose organic solvent, and the carbon black is a general-purpose industrial material. Therefore, the first suspension can be prepared inexpensively. As described above, an alcohol having a viscosity of 3-5 mPa·sec at 20°C is used as the first alcohol described in paragraph 6, and the alcohol and carbon black aggregates having a weight less than that of the alcohol are filled into a container. Thereafter, a homogenizer is operated in the alcohol, and shock waves are repeatedly applied to the carbon black aggregates through the alcohol, causing the aggregates to entangle with each other through the alcohol, and a first suspension in which the entangled aggregate aggregates are dispersed in the alcohol is prepared.

[0010] The method of making the first suspension described in paragraph 8, The method for preparing the first suspension described in paragraph 8, wherein the carbon black described in paragraph 8 is Ketjen black, and the first suspension is prepared according to the method for preparing the first suspension described in paragraph 8, using the Ketjen black as the carbon black described in paragraph 8.

[0011] In other words, the characteristics of carbon black vary greatly depending on the manufacturing method, and carbon black is classified by the name of the manufacturing method. The properties of carbon black vary depending on this manufacturing method. Furnace black is carbon black produced by incomplete combustion of oil or gas in high-temperature gas, and is subdivided into oil furnaces and gas furnaces depending on the raw material used. Among furnace blacks, Ketjenblack uses hydrocarbon oil as the raw material, and produces carbon black through incomplete combustion of the oil. Other types of carbon black include channel black, which is made by burning natural gas and scraping off the deposits that form on channel steel; acetylene black, which is obtained by thermally decomposing acetylene gas; and thermal black, which is produced by repeatedly burning and decomposing gas in a heat-storing furnace. Acetylene black is produced using acetylene gas, which has the highest purity of all carbon black raw materials, so it has the fewest impurities of all carbon blacks and has the most developed structure and primary particles. In contrast, Ketjenblack has the smallest primary particles of all carbon blacks, the highest number of primary particles per unit mass, and the largest BET surface area (an index that represents the specific surface area due to the adsorption of gas molecules), giving it the best light-blocking properties of all carbon blacks. For this reason, sheets or films made from aggregates of Ketjenblack, which are used as the carbon black, act as excellent sheets or films for preventing UV degradation. Furthermore, Ketjenblack has a thermal emissivity of 0.97, the highest of all carbon blacks, so sheets or films made from aggregates of Ketjenblack act as excellent heat-dissipating sheets or films. That is, Ketjen Black has a primary particle diameter of 34 nm and the number of primary particles per unit mass is 1 × 10 7 particles / g, with a BET surface area of 1270m 2 / g and a porosity of 78%. In contrast, acetylene black has a primary particle size of 40 nm and a BET surface area of 76 m 2 / g and a low porosity of 22%. Therefore, a sheet or film made of aggregates of Ketjenblack has better light-blocking properties than a sheet or film made of aggregates of other carbon blacks. Therefore, if Ketjen black is used as the carbon black described in paragraph 8, a first suspension is prepared according to the method described in paragraph 8, and the first suspension is then used as the first suspension described in paragraph 6 to prepare the raw material described in paragraph 6, and a sheet or film is formed using the raw material, a sheet or film is formed that has better light-blocking properties and higher thermal emissivity than sheets or films made of other aggregates of carbon black.

[0012] The method of making the second suspension described in paragraph 6, A metal compound having a first property of dispersing in a molecular state in methanol but not dissolving in methanol, and a second property of precipitating a metal by thermal decomposition, is dispersed in methanol to prepare a methanol dispersion of the metal compound, and then the methanol is evaporated from the methanol dispersion of the metal compound to precipitate a cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound. The cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound is then filled into a container, and a plate covering the entire surface of the cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound is placed over the cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound. A compressive load equivalent to 1-10 kg, depending on the size of the container, is applied to the entire surface of the plate to crush the cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound. Impact accelerations of 0.2-0.5 G are repeatedly applied to the sides and bottom of the container in three directions, front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-to-down, depending on the size of the container, causing the crushed cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound to move within the container to fill voids, and the cluster of fine crystals is rearranged within the container. The entire surface of the plate is then crushed. the plate is then removed from the container, and the second alcohol described in paragraph 6 is added to the container in a weight greater than the weight of the collection of fine crystals of the metal compound, and the collection of fine crystals of the metal compound is stirred to form a second suspension in the container in which the collection of fine crystals of the metal compound is mixed with the second alcohol; the second alcohol ...

[0013] By carrying out the following four extremely simple steps in succession, a second suspension containing a collection of nano-sized microcrystals of a metal compound mixed in a second alcohol is created in a container. First, a metal compound that precipitates metals upon thermal decomposition is dispersed in methanol, and the metal compound becomes a molecular state and disperses in the methanol. When the metal compound dissolves in methanol, the metals that make up the metal compound become metal ions and are eluted into the methanol, and the dissolved metal compound cannot return to the metal compound before dissolution. Therefore, when the methanol is evaporated from the methanol solution, crystals of the metal compound before dissolution do not precipitate. Therefore, a metal compound that does not dissolve in methanol and disperses is used. Second, methanol is evaporated from the methanol dispersion of metal compounds, precipitating a cluster of metal compound microcrystals smaller than 100 nm. In other words, in the methanol dispersion of metal compounds, the metal compounds are in a molecular state and uniformly dispersed in the methanol. When the methanol is evaporated, the metal compounds before dispersion precipitate as granular microcrystals smaller than 100 nm. These microcrystals are a cluster of crystals formed by the accumulation of single molecules of the metal compounds, since the metal compounds dispersed in the methanol in a molecular state precipitated as microcrystals. Therefore, when stress is applied to the microcrystals, they easily break down into even smaller crystals. However, the smaller the crystals, the more difficult it is to apply stress to them, and there is a limit to how small they can be. The evaporated methanol is recovered in a recovery machine and reused. Third, the metal compound microcrystals precipitated in the second process are crushed into nano-sized microcrystals. To this end, a container is filled with the collection of granular microcrystals created in the second process, a plate is placed over the entire collection of granular metal compound microcrystals in the container, and a compressive load is applied to the entire collection of microcrystals via the plate. During this process, relatively larger microcrystals are more likely to be crushed. Therefore, relatively larger microcrystals are crushed first, and the crushing of the microcrystals progresses while the compressive load is applied. Meanwhile, voids are formed by the crushing of the microcrystals, and the microcrystals move to fill these voids while the compressive load is applied. Furthermore, to crush the microcrystals into a collection of uniformly sized microcrystals, the applied compressive load is temporarily stopped, and then impact acceleration is repeatedly applied to the sides and bottom of the container in three directions: front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-to-down. As a result, the collection of fine crystals is restrained within the container by the plate material and does not scatter, but moves within the container to fill the voids, and the collection of fine crystals is rearranged. When the collection of fine crystals is rearranged, the voids are filled with fine crystals. After this, the collection of fine crystals is further crushed, and the finer crystals are further refined into uniformly sized fine crystals. For this purpose, the compressive load is again applied to the collection of fine crystals via the plate material. At this time, the finer crystal collection is further crushed into fine crystals of uniform size. After this, the impact acceleration is again repeatedly applied to the container in three directions, and the rearrangement of the finer crystal collection is further promoted. This pair of processes consisting of the process of applying a compressive load and the process of repeatedly applying impact acceleration in three directions is repeated, and the crystals are further refined into a collection of uniformly sized fine crystals. On the other hand, the finer the crystals are, the more difficult it becomes to apply stress to the crystals even when a compressive load is applied, and there is a limit to the degree to which the crystals can be refined. When the crystals reach their limit of miniaturization, applying a compressive load to the plate will not crush the crystals, and the plate will no longer move even if a compressive load is applied. At this point, the pair of processes is stopped. As a result, the microcrystals are reduced to 18-22 nm, nearly one-fifth the size they were at when they were precipitated. The compressive load applied to the plate is equivalent to 1-10 kg weight, depending on the size of the container. The impact acceleration applied to the container is 0.2-0.5 G, depending on the size of the container. Fourth, a second alcohol is filled into the container in a weight greater than the weight of the nano-sized cluster of microcrystals of the metal compound in the container, and when the second alcohol is stirred, a second suspension in which the nano-sized cluster of microcrystals is mixed with the alcohol is produced in the container. Note that the weight of the viscous alcohol added is greater than the weight of the cluster of microcrystals, thereby improving the mixing of the microcrystals in the suspension. As explained above, the suspension can be prepared by sequentially carrying out the four extremely simple steps described above. Furthermore, the metal compound and alcohol are common industrial chemicals. Therefore, the suspension can be prepared inexpensively at low cost. On the other hand, the boiling point of the second alcohol is at least 15°C higher than the boiling point of the first alcohol, but lower than the temperature at which the thermal decomposition of the metal compound that precipitates the metal by thermal decomposition begins, as described in paragraph 6. This boiling point property provides the following four effects to the second suspension: First, metal compounds that precipitate metals upon thermal decomposition do not disperse or dissolve in the second alcohol, just as they do in the first alcohol. Specifically, the first alcohol is 1-pentanol, which has five carbon atoms, or another structural isomer of pentyl alcohol, which also has five carbon atoms. The second alcohol, which has a boiling point 15°C or more higher than that of the first alcohol, has five or more carbon atoms. Therefore, metal compounds do not disperse or dissolve in the second alcohol, which has five or more carbon atoms. Therefore, when a collection of nano-sized microcrystals of a metal compound is mixed with the second alcohol and the second alcohol is further stirred, a second suspension is created in which the collection of nano-sized microcrystals of the metal compound is mixed in the second alcohol in the form of nano-sized microcrystals. Second, as described in paragraph 7, when a mixture of the first suspension and the second suspension is filled into the chamber of a vacuum impregnation apparatus and the pressure in the chamber is reduced to a minimum pressure of 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature in the chamber, less than 4 / 5 of the first alcohol and a portion of the second alcohol evaporate, reducing the weight of both alcohols constituting the third suspension, and the third suspension becomes a fourth suspension. However, because the boiling point of the second alcohol is more than 15°C higher than that of the first alcohol, the amount of the second alcohol that evaporates is less than half the amount of the first alcohol that evaporates. Therefore, the properties of the fourth suspension remain dominated by the properties of the two remaining alcohols. As the two alcohols evaporate, the fourth suspension migrates into the gaps between the entangled aggregates, filling the gaps in the aggregates and replacing the third suspension. The fourth suspension is adsorbed onto the surface of the aggregates, which are entangled with each other, and as a result, a mixture of the aggregates and the fourth suspension is formed in the chamber, and the mixture can be used as a raw material for forming a sheet or film made of the aggregates of carbon black. Third, the viscosity of the second alcohol, which has a boiling point 15°C or more higher than that of the first alcohol, is higher than that of the first alcohol. Meanwhile, the amount of vaporization of the second alcohol is less than half that of the first alcohol. Therefore, the viscosity of the alcohol constituting the fourth suspension is higher than that of the alcohol constituting the third suspension. This allows nano-level microcrystals of the metal compound to adsorb to each other based on the viscosity of the alcohol constituting the fourth suspension, and clusters of adsorbed microcrystals move into the gaps between the entangled aggregates. Furthermore, the fourth suspension adsorbs to the surface of the aggregate clusters based on the viscosity of the alcohol. Because the viscosity of the alcohol constituting the fourth suspension is higher than that of the alcohol constituting the third suspension, the mixture formed in the chamber of the vacuum impregnation device, consisting of the fourth suspension and the aggregate clusters, can be handled and loaded into an extruder. Furthermore, the mixture extruded into a T-die spreads into the shape of a sheet or film in the T-die. Therefore, the mixture can be used as a raw material for forming a sheet or film. Fourth, because the boiling point of the second alcohol is lower than the temperature at which the thermal decomposition of the metal compound begins, when the temperature of the fourth suspension is raised and reaches the boiling point of the second alcohol, the second alcohol vaporizes, and clusters of 18-22 nm-sized microcrystals of the metal compound precipitate in layers. Furthermore, when the temperature reaches the temperature at which the metal compound begins to thermally decompose, the 18-22 nm-sized microcrystals decompose into inorganic or organic molecules and metal molecules. The inorganic or organic molecules absorb the heat of vaporization and vaporize. Once vaporization is complete, the clusters of metal molecules form metal nanoparticles approximately 10 nm in size, which precipitate simultaneously and form clusters of metal nanoparticles. Because the metal nanoparticles do not contain impurities and precipitate in an active state, adjacent metal nanoparticles form metal bonds at their contact points, forming clusters of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles. As a result, the gaps between the entangled aggregates are filled by clusters of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles. Furthermore, the surface of the aggregates, in which the aggregates are entangled, is covered by a layer of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles. As a result, the metal-bonded metal nanoparticles form a path in the sheet or film through which electrons continuously move. Therefore, the sheet or film has metal-like electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, electromagnetic wave shielding properties, and antistatic properties. Furthermore, the metal-bonded metal nanoparticles not only bond the entanglements between the aggregates but also bond all of the entangled aggregates together, thereby providing the sheet or film with tensile strength, compressive strength, and shear strength. As described above, the second alcohol exhibits four excellent properties, and forms a second suspension in which nano-sized fine crystals of a metal compound that precipitates a metal upon thermal decomposition are mixed in the second alcohol. The following alcohols exist as second alcohols: The boiling points of the first alcohols, as described in paragraph 11, are in the range of 102-138°C. There are structural isomers of pentyl alcohol with five carbon atoms. Of the eight structural isomers of pentyl alcohol, the following structural isomers of pentyl alcohol can be used as the second alcohol. 3-Pentanol has the rational formula CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3, a boiling point of 115°C, and a viscosity of 6.5 mPa·s at 20°C. 2-Methyl-1-butanol has the rational formula CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH, a boiling point of 128°C, and a viscosity of 5.1 mPa·s at 20°C. Furthermore, 1-hexanol, which has six carbon atoms, has the rational formula CH3(CH2)5OH, a boiling point of 157°C, and a viscosity of 5.2 mPa·s at 20°C. 1-heptanol, which has seven carbon atoms, has the rational formula CH3(CH2)6OH, a boiling point of 176°C, and a viscosity of 7.4 mPa·s at 20°C. 4-methyl-2-pentanol, which has six carbon atoms, has the rational formula (CH3)2CHCH2CH(OH)CH3, a boiling point of 132°C, and a viscosity of 5.2 mPa·s at 20°C. Therefore, when 2-methyl-1-butanol having a boiling point of 128°C is used as the second alcohol, any one of 2-methyl-2-butanol having a boiling point of 102°C and 3-methyl-2-butanol having a boiling point of 113°C can be used as the first alcohol. Furthermore, when 4-methyl-2-pentanol having a boiling point of 132°C is used as the second alcohol, any one of 2-methyl-2-butanol having a boiling point of 102°C and 3-methyl-2-butanol having a boiling point of 113°C can be used as the first alcohol. Furthermore, when 1-hexanol having a boiling point of 157°C is used as the second alcohol, any one of 2-methyl-2-butanol having a boiling point of 102°C, 3-methyl-2-butanol having a boiling point of 113°C, 2-pentanol having a boiling point of 119°C, boil Any of the alcohols consisting of 3-methyl-1-butanol, which has a boiling point of 131° C., and 1-pentanol, which has a boiling point of 138° C., can be used as the first alcohol. MaIn addition, when 1-heptanol, which has a boiling point of 176°C and a viscosity of 7.4 mPa·sec, is used as the second alcohol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, which has a boiling point of 128°C and a viscosity of 5.1 mPa·sec, can be added to the five alcohols, and any of the six alcohols can be used as the first alcohol. Here, we consider two alcohols, the boiling points of which differ by 19°C between the first and second alcohols. For the fourth suspension to maintain its predominantly alcoholic properties, the minimum pressure inside the chamber must be reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the chamber temperature. This can be explained by the amount of vaporized alcohol. In other words, if the fourth suspension maintains its predominantly alcoholic properties even after reduced pressure treatment in the chamber, the fourth suspension will migrate as the two alcohols evaporate, filling the gaps between the entangled aggregates and replacing the third suspension. This allows the formation of a raw material in the chamber for use in forming a sheet or film. Furthermore, if the raw material formed in the chamber has a higher viscosity than the first alcohol, it can be loaded into an extruder. Furthermore, the raw material extruded into a T-die will expand into the shape of a sheet or film. The two alcohols considered here are 1-hexanol, the second alcohol, which has a boiling point of 157°C and a saturated vapor pressure of 0.124 kPa at 25°C, and 1-pentanol, the first alcohol, which has a boiling point of 138°C and a saturated vapor pressure of 0.293 kPa at 25°C. First, the chamber, at 25°C, is reduced to one-third of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol. When the pressure in the chamber is reduced to 0.098 kPa, which corresponds to one-third of the saturated vapor pressure of 1-pentanol at 25°C (0.293 kPa), 67% of the 1-pentanol evaporates. In contrast, 21% of the 1-hexanol evaporates. As a result, 33% of the 1-pentanol and 79% of the 1-hexanol remain. Therefore, the total amount of remaining alcohol is greater than half of the total amount of alcohol in the third suspension. Therefore, the properties of the remaining alcohol dominate in the fourth suspension. However, because the fourth suspension contains a higher proportion of 1-hexanol, the viscosity of 1-hexanol is reflected, resulting in a viscosity of 4.6 mPa·s at 20°C. This viscosity is 1.4 times that of 1-pentanol. The viscosity of 1-hexanol at 20°C is 5.2 mPa·s, and that of 1-pentanol at 20°C is 3.3 mPa·s. Therefore, even when the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 0.098 kPa, the alcohol properties of the fourth suspension are dominant. As a result, as the two alcohols evaporate, the fourth suspension moves into the gaps between the entangled aggregates. Furthermore, because the fourth suspension has a viscosity similar to that of 1-hexanol, the raw material formed inside the chamber can be filled into the extruder, and the raw material extruded into the T-die spreads into the shape of a sheet or film at the T-die. Next, the pressure in the chamber, at 25°C, is reduced to one-quarter of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at 25°C. When the pressure in the chamber is reduced to one-quarter of the saturated vapor pressure of 1-pentanol (0.293 kPa), 75% of the 1-pentanol evaporates. On the other hand, when the pressure in the chamber is reduced to 0.073 kPa, 41% of the 1-hexanol evaporates. As a result, 25% of the 1-pentanol and 59% of the 1-hexanol remain. Therefore, the total amount of remaining alcohol is greater than half of the total amount of alcohol in the third suspension. Therefore, the properties of the remaining alcohol dominate in the fourth suspension. Furthermore, because the fourth suspension contains a higher proportion of 1-hexanol, the viscosity of 1-hexanol is reflected, resulting in a viscosity of 4.6 mPa·s at 20°C. Therefore, even if the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 1 / 4 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature inside the chamber, the properties of the alcohol are dominant in the fourth suspension. Therefore, as the two alcohols evaporate, the fourth suspension moves into the gaps between the entangled aggregates. Furthermore, because the fourth suspension has a viscosity similar to that of 1-hexanol, the raw material formed inside the chamber can be filled into an extruder, and the raw material extruded into a T-die spreads into the shape of a sheet or film at the T-die. Furthermore, the pressure inside the chamber, which is at 25°C, is reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at 25°C. When the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of 1-pentanol at 25°C (0.293 kPa), 80% of the 1-pentanol evaporates. On the other hand, when the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 0.059 kPa, 52% of the 1-hexanol evaporates. As a result, 20% of the 1-pentanol and 48% of the 1-hexanol remain. Therefore, the total amount of remaining alcohol is greater than half of the total amount of alcohol in the third suspension. Therefore, the properties of the remaining alcohol dominate in the fourth suspension. Furthermore, the viscosity of the fourth suspension reflects the viscosity of the high percentage of 1-hexanol, resulting in a viscosity of 4.7 mPa·s at 20°C. Furthermore, when the difference in boiling points between the two alcohols was 19°C and the pressure was reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol, 68% of the alcohol remained. On the other hand, even if the difference in boiling points between the two alcohols was reduced by 4°C to 15°C, the vapor pressures of the two alcohols only became slightly closer, so the total amount of remaining alcohol exceeded 50% of the total amount of alcohol in the third suspension, and the properties of the remaining alcohol became dominant in the fourth suspension. Furthermore, the pressure inside the chamber, which is at 25°C, is reduced to 1 / 10 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at 25°C. When the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 1 / 10 of the saturated vapor pressure of 1-pentanol at 25°C (0.293 kPa), 90% of the 1-pentanol evaporates. On the other hand, when the pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 0.029 kPa, 77% of the 1-hexanol evaporates. As a result, 10% of the 1-pentanol and 23% of the 1-hexanol remain. Therefore, the total amount of remaining alcohol is less than 1 / 2 of the total amount of alcohol in the third suspension. Therefore, in the fourth suspension, the properties of the remaining alcohol become inferior, and the properties of the fine crystals of the solid metal compound become dominant. Based on the above findings, the pressure inside the chamber can be reduced to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature inside the chamber as the minimum pressure. In the chamber, the fourth suspension has predominantly alcoholic properties, and when the two types of alcohol evaporate, the fourth suspension moves into the gaps between the entangled aggregates. This causes the fourth suspension to fill the gaps between the aggregates, replacing the third suspension. Furthermore, the fourth suspension is adsorbed onto the surface of the entangled aggregates. As a result, a mixture of the aggregates and the fourth suspension is formed inside the chamber, and this mixture can be used as a raw material for forming a sheet or film composed of aggregates of carbon black.

[0014] The method of making the second suspension described in paragraph 12 comprises: A method for preparing the second suspension described in paragraph 12, in which the metal compound described in paragraph 12 is an inorganic metal compound consisting of an inorganic salt having a metal complex ion in which an inorganic molecule or an inorganic ion is coordinately bonded to a metal ion, and the inorganic metal compound is used as the metal compound described in paragraph 12, following the method for preparing the second suspension described in paragraph 12.

[0015] In other words, when an inorganic-metal compound consisting of an inorganic salt with a metal complex ion coordinated to a metal ion, where the inorganic molecule or ion acts as a ligand, is heat-treated in a reducing atmosphere, the coordinate bond is first broken and the compound decomposes into the inorganic substance and the metal. As the temperature is further increased, the inorganic substance absorbs the heat of vaporization and vaporizes. At a temperature range of 180-220°C, the inorganic substance vaporizes and the metal precipitates. That is, among the ions constituting the inorganic metal compound, the metal ion located at the center of the molecule is the largest, and the distance between the metal ion and the ligand is the longest. When this inorganic metal compound is heat-treated in a reducing atmosphere, the coordinate bond between the metal ion and the ligand is first broken, resulting in decomposition into the metal and the inorganic substance. As the temperature rises further, the inorganic substance absorbs the heat of vaporization and vaporizes. Once the inorganic substance has completely vaporized, the metal precipitates, completing the thermal decomposition. The temperature at which the metal precipitates is the lowest of all temperatures at which metal precipitates during the thermal decomposition of metal compounds. Furthermore, inorganic metal compounds composed of inorganic salts containing metal complex ions disperse in methanol at nearly 10% by weight but are insoluble in methanol. Therefore, inorganic metal compounds composed of inorganic salts containing metal complex ions can be used as the metal compounds that precipitate metals upon thermal decomposition described in paragraph 12. On the other hand, metal complex ions, in which inorganic molecules or ions act as ligands and form coordinate bonds with metal ions, are easier to synthesize than other metal complex ions. Examples of such metal complex ions include ammine metal complex ions, in which ammonia (NH3) acts as a ligand and forms coordinate bonds with metal ions; aqua metal complex ions, in which water (HO) acts as a ligand and forms coordinate bonds with metal ions; and hydroxyl groups (OH). ― is a ligand that forms a coordinate bond with a metal ion, and chloride ion Cl ― or chlorine ion Cl ―Examples include chlorometal complex ions, in which ammonia (NH3) acts as a ligand and coordinates to a metal ion. Furthermore, inorganic metal compounds made from inorganic salts such as chlorides, sulfates, and nitrates with such metal complex ions are easy to synthesize, and because the molecular weight of the inorganic salts is small, the inorganic compounds vaporize completely and the metal precipitates in the temperature range of 180-220°C. This temperature at which the metal precipitates is the lowest temperature at which metals precipitate through thermal decomposition of metal compounds. These inorganic metal compounds are general-purpose industrial chemicals. As explained above, when an inorganic metal compound consisting of an inorganic salt having a metal complex ion in which an inorganic molecule or an inorganic ion is coordinately bonded to a metal ion is used as the metal compound described in paragraph 12 and a second suspension is prepared according to the method described in paragraph 12, the second suspension described in paragraph 6 is prepared.

[0016] The method of making the second suspension described in paragraph 12 comprises: A method for preparing the second suspension described in paragraph 12, wherein the metal compound described in paragraph 12 is a metal octylate compound, and the metal octylate compound is used as the metal compound described in paragraph 12, following the method for preparing the second suspension described in paragraph 12.

[0017] In other words, in metal octylate compounds, in which the oxygen ion constituting the carboxyl group of octylic acid is covalently bonded to a metal ion, the metal ion is the largest ion, and the distance between the oxygen ion constituting the carboxyl group and the metal ion is longer than the distance between other ions. When a metal octylate compound with this molecular structure is heat-treated in air, the bond between the oxygen ion constituting the carboxyl group and the metal ion is first broken when the temperature exceeds the boiling point of octylic acid, separating into octylic acid and the metal. Because octylic acid is composed of saturated fatty acids and does not have an unsaturated structure in which carbon atoms exceed hydrogen atoms, the octylic acid absorbs the heat of vaporization and vaporizes, and the metal precipitates once vaporization is complete. Furthermore, metal octylate compounds disperse in methanol at concentrations of around 10% by weight and are insoluble in methanol. Therefore, metal octylate compounds can be used as metal compounds that precipitate metals by thermal decomposition, as described in paragraph 12. Metal octylate compounds are organometallic compounds belonging to the carboxylic acid metal compounds, which possess both a first characteristic that the oxygen ions constituting the carboxyl group of the carboxylic acid are covalently bonded to a metal ion and a second characteristic that the carboxylic acid is a saturated fatty acid. Octylate compounds have a branched structure, a short linear chain, and the lowest boiling point of 228°C. Therefore, thermal decomposition is completed at 290°C in the air, resulting in the deposition of metal. Other carboxylic acid metal compounds that possess both of these characteristics include metal laurate compounds and metal stearates, in addition to metal octylate compounds. Because both lauric acid and stearic acid have linear structures, the boiling points of lauric acid and stearic acid are 296°C and 376°C, respectively, which are higher than the boiling point of octylate. Therefore, the temperature at which thermal decomposition is completed and metal is deposited is higher than that of metal octylate compounds. Therefore, metal octylate compounds deposit metals at the lowest thermal decomposition temperature among organometallic compounds. In other words, octylic acid is a branched saturated fatty acid with the rational formula CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)COOH, branched at CH to form alkanes CH3(CH2)3 and C2H5, with a carboxyl group COOH bonded to CH. Branched saturated fatty acids have shorter chain lengths than straight-chain saturated fatty acids and a lower boiling point of 228°C. In contrast, lauric acid and stearic acid are straight-chain saturated fatty acids with higher boiling points than branched saturated fatty acids. Octylic acid and caprylic acid (also called octanoic acid) have the same molecular formula: CH 16O2, but are isomers with different molecular structures. Octylic acid, as mentioned above, is a branched fatty acid. Caprylic acid, on the other hand, is a linear fatty acid with the rational formula CH3(CH2)6COOH. Therefore, although metal octylic acid compounds and metal caprylic acid compounds have the same molecular formula, they differ in molecular structure. In other words, in metal caprylic acid compounds, a metal ion is coordinated to the carboxylate anion, which is the anion produced by the ionization of caprylic acid. Therefore, metal caprylic acid compounds precipitate metal oxides upon thermal decomposition in an atmospheric environment. In other words, in metal caprylic acid compounds, the carboxylate ion approaches and coordinates with the metal ion, which is the largest ion, shortening the distance between the metal ion and the oxygen ion that makes up the carboxylate ion. This results in the longest distance between the oxygen ion and the ion covalently bonded to it on the opposite side of the metal ion. When the temperature of a metal caprylic acid compound with this molecular structure exceeds the boiling point of caprylic acid, the bond between the oxygen ion and the ion covalently bonded on the opposite side of the metal ion is broken, and the compound of the metal ion and oxygen ion is decomposed into caprylic acid and the metal oxide. If the temperature is further increased, the caprylic acid absorbs the heat of vaporization and vaporizes, and immediately after the vaporization is complete, the metal oxide precipitates. Furthermore, metal octylate compounds are inexpensive industrial chemicals that can be easily synthesized. Specifically, when octylate, the most commonly used organic acid, is reacted with a strong alkali, alkali metal octylate compounds are produced, and when alkali metal octylate compounds are reacted with inorganic metal compounds, metal octylate compounds composed of various metals are synthesized. Therefore, metal octylate compounds are the least expensive organometallic compounds. Therefore, although their heat treatment temperatures are higher than those of the inorganic metal compounds described in paragraphs 14-15, they are still less expensive than inorganic metal compounds. As explained above, when a metal octylate compound is used as the metal compound described in paragraph 12 and a second suspension is prepared according to the method described in paragraph 12, the second suspension described in paragraph 6 is prepared.

[0018] The raw materials used to form the sheet or film described in paragraph 6 are used to impart gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of metal. Ta A method for continuously forming a sheet or film of carbon black aggregates comprises: a first suspension is prepared according to the method set forth in paragraph 8, the first suspension is used as the first suspension set forth in paragraph 6, a second suspension is prepared according to the method set forth in paragraph 12, the second suspension is used as the second suspension set forth in paragraph 6, and a raw material to be used in forming a sheet or film composed of a collection of carbon black aggregates is prepared according to the method set forth in paragraph 6, the raw material is continuously charged into an extruder, the screw of the extruder is continuously driven, the raw material charged in the extruder is continuously extruded from the extruder into a T-die, and the raw material is continuously extruded in the form of a sheet or film by the pressure from the extruder from a lip of the T-die having a width corresponding to the width of the sheet or film to be produced and a gap corresponding to the thickness of the sheet or film to be produced, and the extruded sheet or the extruded film is continuously passed through a heat treatment furnace whose temperature has been raised to a temperature at which the metal compound constituting the raw material completes thermal decomposition, The microcrystals, which are 18-22 nm in size, are decomposed into inorganic or organic molecules and metal molecules, and the inorganic or organic molecules absorb the heat of vaporization and vaporize. When the vaporization is complete, the clusters of metal molecules form metal nanoparticles with a size of about 10 nm, and the clusters of metal nanoparticles precipitate all at once. Since the metal nanoparticles do not contain impurities and precipitate in an active state, adjacent metal nanoparticles form metallic bonds at the contact points, and the clusters of metallically bonded metal nanoparticles The sheet or film is then laminated, whereby the gaps between the entangled aggregates are filled with the clusters of metal-bonded nanoparticles, and the surfaces of the clusters of entangled aggregates are covered with the clusters of metal-bonded nanoparticles. The sheet or film that has passed through the heat treatment furnace is then continuously wound up with a winder, whereby gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of a metal are imparted to the sheet or film. TaA sheet or film consisting of a collection of carbon black aggregates is continuously formed, and the raw material used to form the sheet or film described in paragraph 6 is used to impart gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to that of a metal. Ta A method for continuously forming a sheet or film consisting of a collection of carbon black aggregates.

[0019] In other words, by carrying out the following five treatments in succession, it is possible to impart gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of metal. Ta A continuous sheet or film of carbon black aggregates is formed. First, a first suspension is prepared according to the method described in paragraph 8, and the first suspension is used as the first suspension described in paragraph 6. A second suspension is prepared according to the method described in paragraph 12, and the second suspension is used as the second suspension described in paragraph 6. The raw material prepared according to the method described in paragraph 6 is continuously charged into an extruder. Second, the screw of the extruder is continuously driven, and the raw material charged into the extruder is continuously extruded from the extruder into a T-die. Third, the raw material extruded into the T-die is continuously extruded as a sheet or film from the lip of the T-die by pressure from the extruder. Fourth, the sheet or film extruded from the lip of the T-die is continuously passed through a heat treatment furnace. Fifth, the sheet or film that has passed through the heat treatment furnace is continuously wound up by a winder. As a result, gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of a metal are imparted to the extruded material. Ta A continuous sheet or film of carbon black aggregates is formed. Next, we will explain the phenomena that occur in the five treatments and the effects that the five treatments bring about. In the first process, the raw material prepared according to the method described in paragraph 6 can be charged into an extruder because the new suspension described in paragraph 6, i.e., the fourth suspension described in paragraphs 7, 13 and 19, is predominantly alcoholic in nature and has a higher viscosity than the first alcohol. In the second process, the material charged in the extruder is forced through a T-die by the action of the extruder screw, and again, the new suspension described in paragraph 6, i.e., the fourth suspension described in paragraphs 7, 13 and 19, is predominantly alcoholic in nature, so the material is forced through the T-die. In the third process, the material extruded into the T-die continues to be extruded from the lip of the T-die as a sheet or film. A T-die is a mold shaped like a clothing hanger and consists of three sections. First, the extruder feedstock is forced into a narrow, fixed-length inlet section from the extruder outlet. The feedstock advances through the inlet section while undergoing compressive stress from the extruder, and then is extruded into a fan-shaped area called a manifold. The feedstock is then constantly subjected to compressive stress from the extruder, stretching it to the width of the desired sheet or film shape and along its length, forming a shape similar to that of a sheet or film. The feedstock is then extruded into a fixed-length area called a lip, which has a gap equal to the thickness of the sheet or film and a width equal to the width of the sheet or film. Finally, the sheet or film extruded into the lip is forced out of the T-die through the lip while undergoing compressive stress. The thickness of the sheet or film is determined by the preset lip gap, and the width of the sheet or film is determined by the preset lip width. Next, we will explain the behavior of the feedstock and sheet or film in the T-die. As the feedstock is extruded into the T-die, it continues to be compressed at the entrance of the T-die, where the gap narrows. When compressive stress is applied to the feedstock, it deforms, causing the liquid alcohol to seep out onto the surface of the feedstock. In contrast, the nano-sized crystallites of the metal compound move slightly as the alcohol seeps out onto the surface of the feedstock. However, because they are a collection of solid particles adsorbed to each other due to the viscosity of the alcohol that makes up the fourth suspension, they remain in the gaps between the entangled aggregates. Furthermore, the nano-sized crystallites of the metal compound adsorbed onto the surface of the entangled aggregates also move slightly as the alcohol seeps out onto the surface of the feedstock. However, because they are a collection of solid particles adsorbed to each other due to the viscosity of the alcohol that makes up the fourth suspension, they continue to adsorb to the surface of the entangled aggregates. In other words, the alcohol that seeps out onto the surface of the feedstock is excess alcohol that makes up the feedstock, and the alcohol adsorbed onto the surface of the aggregates does not move from the surface of the aggregates. The alcohol that seeps onto the surface of the raw material is expelled from the surface as the raw material continues to be compressed. Meanwhile, the aggregates that make up the raw material continue to be compressed, deforming the aggregates and causing them to become increasingly entangled. Meanwhile, the nano-sized crystallites of the metal compound are compressed in the gaps between the entangled aggregates, deforming as the aggregates deform, adsorbing to the aggregates and moving along with them. However, because they are a collection of solid particles adsorbed to each other based on the viscosity of the alcohol that makes up the fourth suspension, they remain in the gaps between the entangled aggregates. Furthermore, the nano-sized crystallites of the metal compound adsorbed on the surface of the entangled aggregates also deform as the aggregates deform, adsorbing to the aggregates and moving along with them, but continue to adsorb to the surface of the entangled aggregates. The raw material then enters the manifold. The raw material that enters the manifold is stretched to the width of the sheet or film shape, and the stretched raw material continues to be extruded.Because the volume of the manifold is larger than the volume of the inlet, the raw material entering the manifold is placed under negative pressure, and alcohol once again seeps out onto the surface of the raw material. Meanwhile, as the raw material is stretched, the aggregates are deformed, and the nano-sized crystal clusters of the metal compound deform along with the deformation of the aggregates, adsorb to the aggregates, and move along with them. Furthermore, as the aggregates deform and move, they become increasingly entangled with each other. Next, the sheet or film is continuously compressed by the lip, and alcohol seeps out onto the surface of the sheet or film once again. As the sheet or film moves along the lip, the exuded alcohol is expelled from the surface of the sheet or film due to the continued compression of the sheet or film. Meanwhile, the aggregate clusters that make up the sheet or film are also continuously compressed, causing the aggregates to deform and become intricately entangled with each other. Furthermore, the nano-sized crystals of the metal compound are compressed in the gaps between the entangled aggregates and move due to the compressive stress, but remain in the gaps between the entangled aggregates. The nano-sized crystals of the metal compound adsorbed on the surface of the entangled aggregates are also continuously subjected to compressive stress, and due to the deformation of the aggregates, they are adsorbed to the aggregates and move together with the aggregates, but continue to adsorb to the surface of the entangled aggregates. Thus, the sheet or film extruded from the lip is composed of a complexly entangled aggregate collection, with most of the alcohol having been expelled, a nano-sized crystals of the metal compound that has entered the gaps between the entangled aggregates, and a nano-sized crystals of the metal compound adsorbed on the surface of the entangled aggregate collection. Meanwhile, a small amount of alcohol remains in the extruded sheet or film, and due to the viscosity of the alcohol, the sheet or film extruded from the lip is moved to a heat treatment furnace without being cut. The discharged alcohol is recovered in a recovery machine and reused. In the fourth process, the sheet or film extruded from the lip of the T-die is passed continuously through a heat treatment furnace, where the nano-sized crystals of the metal compound are thermally decomposed, causing a cluster of metal particles approximately 10 nm in size to precipitate all at once. Specifically, when the sheet or film enters the heat treatment furnace, the remaining alcohol first evaporates from the sheet or film, resulting in the deposition of clusters of metal compound microcrystals measuring 18-22 nm in size. Next, the temperature at which the metal compound begins to thermally decomposes is reached, and the 18-22 nm microcrystals decompose into inorganic or organic molecules and metal molecules. The inorganic or organic molecules absorb the heat of vaporization and vaporize. Furthermore, once the inorganic or organic molecules have completely evaporated, the clusters of metal molecules form metal nanoparticles measuring approximately 10 nm in size, which precipitate simultaneously, forming a cluster of metal nanoparticles. Because the metal nanoparticles are free of impurities and precipitate in an active state, adjacent metal nanoparticles form metallic bonds at their contact points, forming a cluster of metal-bonded nanoparticles. As a result, the gaps between the complexly entangled aggregates are filled by clusters of metal-bonded nanoparticles. Furthermore, the surface of the aggregates, in which the aggregates are intricately entangled, is covered with a layer of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles. In the fifth treatment, the sheet or film that has passed through the heat treatment furnace is continuously wound up by a winder. As a result, gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of metal are imparted to the sheet or film. Ta A continuous sheet or film of carbon black aggregates is formed. The sheet or film formed from the aggregates thus formed has the following effects. First, because the aggregates, which are entangled with each other, form the sheet or film, the total light transmittance of the sheet or film is as low as 0%, providing excellent light blocking properties. Therefore, even if the sheet or film is continuously exposed to ultraviolet light, it will not deteriorate. In addition, the thermal emissivity of carbon black is high, at 0.95-0.97, allowing the sheet or film to function as a heat dissipation film. Second, the gaps between the entangled aggregates are filled with metal-bonded nanoparticle clusters, and the surfaces of the entangled aggregate clusters are covered with metal-bonded nanoparticle clusters. Therefore, the metal-bonded nanoparticle clusters form a path for continuous electron movement in the sheet or film. This gives the sheet or film metal-like electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, electromagnetic wave shielding, and antistatic properties. Third, the surface of the aggregates, which are entangled with each other, is covered with nearly 20 layers of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles, giving the sheet or film gas barrier properties. While gases and water vapor are 0.3-0.5 nm in size, aggregates are composed of carbon particles 10-100 nm in size strung together in an irregular, complex shape. Therefore, aggregates with complex entanglements have numerous pores with sizes of 0.3-0.5 nm or larger. Furthermore, when granular metal nanoparticles with sizes of approximately 10 nm contact each other, metal-bonded metal nanoparticles form numerous voids of 1-2 nm between adjacent metal nanoparticles. Therefore, aggregates with metal-bonded metal nanoparticles that fill the gaps between the complex entanglements have pores with sizes of 0.3-0.5 nm or larger. In contrast, when metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters are layered on the surface of a complexly entangled aggregate cluster, and the number of layers of metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters is increased, the voids penetrating the metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters are blocked by randomly layered metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters. Experiments have shown that when metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters are randomly layered up to nearly 20 layers, the metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters are impermeable to air, nitrogen gas, and water vapor. For this reason, the entire surface of a sheet or film is covered with metal nanoparticle clusters of granular metal nanoparticles approximately 10 nm in size, layered up to nearly 20 layers. Note that because the weight of the second suspension is greater than the weight of the first suspension, the surface of the aggregate cluster is covered with nearly 20 layers of metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters. Further increasing the weight of the second suspension increases the number of layers of metal-bonded metal nanoparticle clusters. Fourth, the sheet or film blocks liquids. That is, the surface of the aggregates, which are entangled with each other, is covered with nearly 20 layers of metal-bonded nanoparticles, and the surface tension of the liquid gives the sheet or film the ability to block liquids. Therefore, it can be used as a sheet or film that blocks liquids. Fifth, the color of a sheet or film made of a collection of aggregates is close to black and looks unattractive. When the surface of a sheet or film is covered with a collection of stacked metal nanoparticles, the sheet or film has a metallic luster. This allows the sheet or film to have both gas barrier properties and a metallic luster. Sixth, the gaps between the entangled aggregates are filled by stacking clusters of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles. Furthermore, the surfaces of the clusters of entangled aggregates are covered by stacking clusters of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles. Therefore, the clusters of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles bond the aggregates together and further bond the entangled aggregates together. Therefore, the sheet or film has a certain level of tensile strength, compressive strength, and shear strength based on the bonding strength of the clusters of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles. Seventh, the heat resistance and flame retardancy are higher than those of plastic sheets or films. That is, the ignition temperature of carbon black in the atmosphere exceeds 500°C. Therefore, sheets or films made of clusters of metal nanoparticles and clusters of aggregates have higher heat resistance and flame retardancy than sheets or films made of plastic. Eighth, the width of the sheet or film can be freely changed by changing the shape of the manifold and lip of the T-die. Ninth, the thickness of the sheet or film can be freely changed by adjusting the gap between the lips of the T-die. Tenth, carbon black is an inexpensive industrial material, and alcohol is the most commonly used organic solvent. Furthermore, the T-die process is a simple extrusion molding process. Therefore, inexpensive raw materials can be used to form inexpensive sheets or films with low processing costs. Eleventh, sheets or films made of aggregates can be safely produced. Carbon black is soaked in alcohol and processed as a first and second suspension to form a sheet or film, preventing the carbon black from scattering as dust. Furthermore, the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal compound is more than 200°C lower than the atmospheric ignition temperature of carbon black, preventing the carbon black from igniting. As a result, the sheet or film of the present invention not only solves the problems described in paragraph 5, but also has a variety of excellent properties, making the sheet or film applicable in a variety of fields.

[0020] The method of laminating sheets or films formed by the method described in paragraph 18 together is as follows: A method for pressing sheets together, comprising overlapping the sheets formed by the method described in paragraph 18 at portions to be pressed together and applying compressive stress to one surface of the overlapped portions, thereby bringing metal nanoparticles formed on the surfaces of both the overlapped sheets into contact with each other, generating frictional heat at the contact points of the metal nanoparticles, bonding the metal nanoparticles together due to the frictional heat, and bonding the overlapped portions together due to the bonding of the metal nanoparticles. 、 or A method for bonding films together, comprising overlapping portions of the films formed by the method described in paragraph 18 to be bonded together, and applying compressive stress to one surface of the overlapped portions, thereby bringing metal nanoparticles formed on the surfaces of both of the overlapped films into contact with each other, generating frictional heat at the contact points of the metal nanoparticles, which causes the metal nanoparticles to bond together, and the overlapped portions to be bonded together due to the bonding of the metal nanoparticles. 。

[0021] In other words, the portions where the sheets or films are to be bonded are overlapped, and a compressive load is applied to the overlapping portions. This causes the metal nanoparticles to come into contact with each other on both overlapping surfaces. Furthermore, excessive frictional heat is instantaneously generated at the contact points of the metal nanoparticles, which bonds the metal nanoparticles together. The bonding of the metal nanoparticles results in the sheets or films being bonded together. Because the bonded portions are formed by a vast collection of metal nanoparticles, sheets or films with small masses are firmly bonded together. Meanwhile, the gaps formed between adjacent metal nanoparticles by the bonding of the metal nanoparticles are extremely small, at 1-2 nm, so surface tension prevents all liquid from leaking from the bonded portions. Therefore, by overlapping and bonding sheets or films together, a container filled with liquid made of sheets or films can be created. Furthermore, this container simultaneously possesses the various properties of the sheets or films described above. That is, the sheets formed by the method described in paragraph 18 are overlapped at the portions to be bonded together, and one surface of the overlapped portion is compressed. As a result, the vast number of metal nanoparticles covering the surfaces of the sheets come into contact with each other on both sides of the overlapped sheets. At this time, frictional heat is generated at the contact points between the contacting metal nanoparticles, and this frictional heat bonds the vast number of metal nanoparticles together. The surfaces of the overlapping sheets are bonded together by the bonding of the vast number of metal nanoparticles together. As a result, the sheets, each having a small mass, are bonded together with a certain bonding force due to the bonding of the vast number of metal nanoparticles together. Similarly, the sections of the films formed by the method described in paragraph 18 to be pressed together are overlapped, and one surface of the overlapped section is compressed. As a result, the vast number of metal nanoparticles covering the surfaces of the films come into contact with each other on both sides of the overlapped films. At this time, frictional heat is generated at the contact points between the contacting metal nanoparticles, and this frictional heat bonds the vast number of metal nanoparticles together. The overlapping film surfaces are pressed together by the bonding of the vast number of metal nanoparticles together. As a result, the films, each having a small mass, are pressed together with a certain bonding force due to the bonding of the vast number of metal nanoparticles together. Furthermore, sheets or films can be easily sealed together using a sealing machine called a plastic bag sealer. However, because sheets or films are sealed together by bonding metal nanoparticles, there is no need to heat the sealed area of the sheets or films.

[0022] The method of pressing the sheet or film formed by the method described in paragraph 18 onto a substrate or part is as follows: A method for pressing a sheet or film formed by the method described in paragraph 18 to a substrate or part, comprising cutting the sheet or film formed by the method described in paragraph 18 to a predetermined shape, placing the cut sheet or the cut film on the surface of a substrate or part, and compressing the surface of the cut sheet or the cut film, thereby causing a cluster of metal nanoparticles covering the surface of the cut sheet or the cut film to come into contact with the surface of the substrate or the part, and generating frictional heat at the contact points of the metal nanoparticles, which bonds the cluster of metal nanoparticles to the surface of the substrate or the part, and pressing the cut sheet or the cut film to the surface of the substrate or the part.

[0023] In other words, the primary carbon particles in the aggregates are bonded to each other through the interaction of the π electrons of the carbon atoms, so the bonding strength between the carbon atoms is weak. Therefore, the primary particles can be easily cut. Furthermore, the metal nanoparticles are granular particles, and the volume of the bond between adjacent metal nanoparticles is extremely small. Therefore, a sheet or film consisting of a collection of metal-bonded metal nanoparticles and a collection of aggregates can be cut into various sizes and shapes. Furthermore, the collection of metal nanoparticles covering the surface of the sheet or film can be used as a bonding means. This allows the cut sheet or film to be bonded to the surface of various substrates or parts, regardless of their material and shape, simultaneously imparting the various properties of the sheet or film to the substrate or part. That is, the sheet or film formed by the method described in paragraph 18 is cut into a predetermined shape, and the cut sheet or cut film is placed on the surface of a substrate or part. The surface of the cut sheet or cut film is then compressed. As a result, the surface of the cut sheet or cut film is covered with a vast number of metal nanoparticles, which come into contact with the surface of the substrate or part, and frictional heat is generated at the contact points of the metal nanoparticles. This frictional heat bonds the vast number of metal nanoparticles to the surface of the substrate or part. As a result, the cut sheet or the cut film is pressed against the surface of the substrate or part with a certain bonding force. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a state in which the gaps between entangled Ketjenblack particles are filled with clusters of silver nanoparticles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Example 1 The first suspension described in paragraphs 10-11 was prepared using Ketjen Black (product EC600JD, manufactured by Lion Corporation) as carbon black and 1-pentanol (product of Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as alcohol. Note that Ketjen Black has a small average particle diameter of 34 nm and a specific surface area of 1270 m 2 / g, which shows excellent light-blocking properties. In addition, the amount of dibutyl phthalate required to fill the gaps between Ketjen Black particles is 495 cm 3 / 100g, which is large, and the degree of particle connection and particle aggregation is high. Therefore, when 1-pentanol is added to the entanglement of Ketjen Black aggregates, the highly entangled aggregates are dispersed in the 1-pentanol. Furthermore, when the highly entangled aggregates are bonded together with a collection of metal nanoparticles that are metal-bonded, the mechanical strength of the sheet or film increases. 1-pentanol has a viscosity of 3.3 mPa·s at 20°C and a boiling point of 138°C. First, 15 g of Ketjen Black and 20 g of 1-pentanol were charged into a container, and the 1-pentanol was stirred to immerse the Ketjen Black in the 1-pentanol. After this, an ultrasonic homogenizer (LUH150, product of Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.) was operated in the 1-pentanol in the container, and a 20 kHz ultrasonic signal was applied for 5 minutes to create a first suspension in which aggregates were dispersed in 1-pentanol.

[0026] Example 2 Diaminesilver chloride [Ag(NH3)2]Cl (a product of Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), an inorganic metal compound containing a silver complex ion in which ammonia is coordinated to a silver ion, is used as the metal compound that precipitates silver upon thermal decomposition, and fine crystals of diaminesilver chloride are mixed with 1-hexanol (a product of Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to prepare the second suspension described in paragraphs 12 and 13. 1-Hexanol has a boiling point of 157°C and a viscosity of 5.2 mPa·s at 20°C. First, 18 g (equivalent to 0.1 moles) of diamine silver chloride and 180 g of methanol were charged into a container, and the methanol was stirred to disperse the diamine silver chloride in the methanol. The container was then heated to 65°C, evaporating the methanol and precipitating diamine silver chloride crystals. A plate covering the entire diamine silver chloride crystals in the container was then placed over the cluster of diamine silver chloride crystals, and a 1 kg weight was placed on the plate. After the weight was removed, impact accelerations of 0.2 G were applied three times each to the bottom and sides of the container in three directions: up / down, front / back, and left / right. In this way, a compressive load and impact acceleration were applied three times each to the cluster of diamine silver chloride crystals. A weight was then placed on the plate, but since no movement was observed, it was determined that the crushing of the diamine silver chloride crystals was complete. Thereafter, the plate material was removed, and the container was filled with 20 g of 1-hexanol. The 1-hexanol was stirred to prepare a second suspension in which the clusters of fine crystals of diammine silver chloride were mixed with 1-hexanol.

[0027] Example 3 The first suspension prepared in Example 1 and the second suspension prepared in Example 2 are used to prepare a raw material used in forming a sheet or film made of a collection of carbon black aggregates. The first suspension prepared in Example 1 and the second suspension prepared in Example 2 were filled into a container, the two suspensions were stirred, and the stirred two suspensions were filled into the chamber of a vacuum impregnation apparatus, which was then sealed. The vacuum pump of the vacuum impregnation apparatus was then operated, and the pressure inside the chamber was reduced to 0.059 kPa, which corresponds to 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of 1-pentanol at 25°C (0.293 kPa). As a result, 80% of the 1-pentanol evaporated. Meanwhile, 52% of the 1-hexanol evaporated. As a result, 20% of the 1-pentanol and 48% of the 1-hexanol remained. Therefore, the suspension obtained by mixing the first suspension and the second suspension was a mixture of 20% of the remaining 1-pentanol and 48% of the remaining 1-hexanol, and this mixture of alcohols was mixed with clusters of fine crystals of diammine silver chloride, resulting in a new suspension. This new suspension penetrates into the gaps between the entangled aggregates and adsorbs onto the surfaces of the entangled aggregates. The mixture of this new suspension and the aggregates is used as the raw material for forming a sheet or film.

[0028] Example 4 For the first suspension prepared in Example 1, 30 g of the Ketjen black used in Example 1 and 35 g of the 1-pentanol used in Example 1 were charged into a container, and the 1-pentanol was stirred to immerse the Ketjen black in the 1-pentanol. Thereafter, the ultrasonic homogenizer used in Example 1 was operated in 1-pentanol in the container, and an ultrasonic signal of 20 kHz was applied for 5 minutes to prepare a first suspension in which aggregate groups were dispersed in 1-pentanol.

[0029] Example 5 The second suspension described in paragraphs 12-13 is prepared using copper octylate Cu[OOCCH(C2H5)C4H9]2 (a product of Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as the metal compound from which copper precipitates upon thermal decomposition, and the 1-hexanol used in Example 2. First, 35 g (equivalent to 0.1 moles) of copper octylate and 350 g of methanol were charged into a container, and the methanol was stirred to disperse the copper octylate in the methanol. The container was then heated to 65°C, the methanol was evaporated, and copper octylate crystals were precipitated. A plate covering the entire copper octylate crystals in the container was then placed over the cluster of copper octylate crystals, and a 1 kg weight was placed on the plate. After the weight was removed, an impact acceleration of 0.3 G was applied three times each to the bottom and sides of the container in three directions: up and down, front and back, and left and right. In this way, a compressive load and impact acceleration were applied three times each to the cluster of copper octylate crystals. A weight was then placed on the plate, but since no movement was observed in the plate, it was determined that the copper octylate crystals had been crushed. Thereafter, the plate material was removed, and the container was filled with 40 g of 1-hexanol. The 1-hexanol was stirred to prepare a second suspension in which the clusters of copper octylate fine crystals were mixed with 1-hexanol.

[0030] Example 6 Using the first suspension prepared in Example 4 and the second suspension prepared in Example 5, a raw material to be used in forming a sheet or film composed of a collection of carbon black aggregates is prepared using a vacuum impregnation apparatus in the same manner as in Example 3. In this example, the pressure inside the chamber was reduced to 0.073 kPa, which corresponds to 1 / 4 of the saturated vapor pressure of 1-pentanol at 25°C (0.293 kPa). This resulted in 75% of the 1-pentanol evaporating. Meanwhile, 41% of the 1-hexanol evaporating. As a result, 25% of the 1-pentanol and 59% of the 1-hexanol remained. The remaining two alcohols mixed, forming a suspension of the mixed alcohol and clusters of copper octylate microcrystals. This suspension penetrates into the gaps between the entangled aggregates and adsorbs onto the surfaces of the entangled aggregate clusters. This mixture of the suspension and the clusters of aggregates is used as the raw material for forming a sheet or film.

[0031] Example 7 Using the raw material prepared in Example 3, a film with a width of 100 mm, a thickness of 30 μm, and a length of 50 cm was formed using a T-die (equipment owned by Bax Co., Ltd.) The width and thickness of the film can be freely changed by adjusting the lip width and gap setting of the T-die. Thereafter, the prepared film was left in a hydrogen atmosphere at 180° C. for 5 minutes for heat treatment. First, the light-shielding property of the film was measured according to JIS-L-1055A. The light-shielding rate was 99.99%, indicating that it was an excellent light-shielding film. Next, the thermal emissivity of the film was measured using an analyzer consisting of a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer and a radiation measurement unit (equipment owned by Kobelco Research Institute, Inc.) The thermal emissivity was found to be high at 0.97, making it an excellent heat dissipation film. These excellent light blocking and heat radiation results are based on the properties of Ketjen Black. Furthermore, the gas barrier properties of the film were measured using a differential pressure gas chromatograph (analytical equipment owned by DJK Co., Ltd.) based on the gas permeability test method described in JIS-K-7126-1. Under an environment of 20°C and humidity of 65%, the gas permeability for carbon dioxide gas was 110 (ml / m 2 d·MPa), and the gas permeability for oxygen gas is 60 (ml / m 2 d·MPa), and the gas permeability for nitrogen gas is 10 (ml / m 2 d·MPa). The water vapor permeability was 2-3 (g / m 2 ·d). These results show that the gas barrier performance is superior to that of a film made of biaxially oriented polypropylene film coated with polyvinylidene chloride, which is the plastic film with the best gas barrier performance. Next, the surface resistance of the film was measured at multiple points using a surface resistance meter (for example, a surface resistance meter ST-4 manufactured by Simco Japan Co., Ltd.). 3Because the surface resistance was Ω / □, it had a surface resistance close to that of metal. Therefore, the film created also functions as a film that combines electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, electromagnetic wave shielding, and anti-static properties based on the resistivity of metal. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the film was measured according to JIS-K7127 and was found to be 200 MPa, which is 1.5 times that of PET film and close to that of silver foil. The film was then cut, and the film surface and cut surface were observed using an electron microscope. An ultra-low accelerating voltage SEM owned by JFE Techno-Research Corporation was used as the electron microscope. This device is capable of surface observation at ultra-low accelerating voltages starting from 100 volts, allowing the film surface to be observed directly without forming a conductive coating. First, secondary electron beams between 900-1000 volts were extracted from the electron beam reflected from the surface of the film and image processing was performed. The surface of the film was covered with a collection of granular particles approximately 10 nm in size. Furthermore, energy between 900-1000 volts of the electron beam reflected from the surface of the film was extracted and image processing was performed, and the material of the granular particles was analyzed based on the shade of the image. As no shade was observed, it was determined that the particles were composed of a single atom. Furthermore, the energy and intensity of characteristic X-rays from multiple points on the surface were image processed and the type of elements that made up the granular particles were analyzed. The granular particles were composed only of silver atoms. From these results, it was determined that the film was covered with silver nanoparticles approximately 10 nm in size. Furthermore, when the cross section of the film was examined under a microscope, it was found that silver nanoparticles were stacked in layers of around 20 on the surface of the carbon-atom material, covering the film's surface. Furthermore, the silver nanoparticles filled the gaps formed by the carbon-atom material. These results indicate that the film is covered with around 20 layers of silver nanoparticles, and that the gaps formed by the aggregates of Ketjen Black, a substance composed only of carbon atoms, are filled with clusters of silver nanoparticles. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section of the film. 1 is the cross section of a primary carbon particle of Ketjen Black, and 2 is a silver nanoparticle with a size of around 10 nm, with the clusters of silver nanoparticles filling the gaps formed by the entangled Ketjen Black. The aforementioned excellent gas barrier properties and surface resistance close to that of metal are due to the fact that around 20 layers of silver nanoparticles are stacked to cover the surface of the film. The film also has a silvery luster. Furthermore, the gaps formed by the Ketjen Black aggregates are filled by clusters of silver nanoparticles, resulting in tensile strength close to that of silver foil. The metal nanoparticles are not limited to silver. As explained in paragraphs 14-15, by using an inorganic metal compound made of an inorganic salt containing metal complex ions in which inorganic molecules or inorganic ions are coordinately bonded to metal ions, a collection of metal nanoparticles made of various materials covers the surface of the film and fills the gaps formed by the aggregates.

[0032] Example 8 The raw material prepared in Example 6 was molded into a sheet having a width of 100 mm, a thickness of 300 μm and a length of 20 cm using a T-die (equipment owned by Bax Corporation). Furthermore, the prepared sheet was left in the air at 290°C for 1 minute for heat treatment. First, the light-blocking property of the produced sheet was measured in the same manner as in Example 7. The light-blocking rate was 99.99%, and it was found to be an excellent light-blocking sheet. Next, the thermal emissivity of the prepared sheet was measured in the same manner as in Example 7. The thermal emissivity was as high as 0.97, and it was found to be an excellent heat dissipation sheet. Furthermore, the gas barrier properties of the prepared sheet were measured in the same manner as in Example 7. The sheet had gas barrier properties similar to those of Example 7. Next, the surface resistance of the prepared sheet was measured at multiple points using a surface resistance meter in the same manner as in Example 7. The surface resistance was 1×10 3 The surface resistance was Ω / □, close to that of metal. Based on the resistivity of metal, the sheet also functions as a sheet with electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, electromagnetic wave shielding, and anti-static properties. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the fabricated sheet was measured according to the JIS-K7127 standard. The tensile strength was 380 MPa. This tensile strength was greater than that of a sheet made of composite fibers of aramid fiber and nylon fiber, and was close to that of copper foil. Thereafter, the prepared sheet was cut, and the surface and cut surface of the sheet were observed under an electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 7. The surface of the sheet was covered with copper nanoparticles with a size of about 10 nm. Furthermore, the surface of the sheet was covered with copper nanoparticles stacked in layers of about 20, and clusters of copper nanoparticles filled the gaps formed by the Ketjenblack aggregates. The excellent gas barrier properties and surface resistance close to that of metal are due to the fact that around 20 layers of copper nanoparticles are stacked to cover the surface of the sheet. The surface of the sheet also has the luster of copper. Furthermore, the gaps formed by the Ketjen Black aggregates are filled by clusters of copper nanoparticles, resulting in tensile strength close to that of copper foil. The metal nanoparticles are not limited to copper. As explained in paragraphs 16-17, by using metal octylate compounds, a collection of metal nanoparticles made of various materials covers the surface of the sheet and fills the gaps formed by the aggregates.

[0033] Example 9 This is an example in which the film prepared in Example 7 is pressure-bonded to a liquid crystal polymer film. The liquid crystal polymer film has low water absorption, a low dielectric loss tangent, gas barrier properties, heat resistance, and flame retardancy. When the film prepared in Example 7 is pressure-bonded to this liquid crystal polymer film, it is possible to add electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity similar to that of silver, the luster of silver, the light-blocking and heat dissipation properties of Ketjen Black, and even higher gas barrier properties and heat resistance. A liquid crystal polymer film (CTQ-25, product of Kuraray Co., Ltd.) with a thickness of 25 μm was cut to a size of 15 cm × 15 cm, placed on a plate, and the four edges were fixed with insect pins. Next, the film prepared in Example 7 was cut to a size of 12 cm × 12 cm and placed on top of the liquid crystal polymer film. Furthermore, a plate measuring 12 cm × 12 cm was placed on top of the liquid crystal polymer film, and five 5 kg weights were placed on top of the plate at equal intervals diagonally. After this, the weight and plate were removed, and the liquid crystal polymer film was cut into 12 cm x 12 cm pieces. A double film was created by pressing a film consisting of a cluster of silver nanoparticles and a cluster of aggregates onto the liquid crystal polymer film. The double film was allowed to fall from a height of 2 m, but no damage was observed. Therefore, the two films were bonded with a certain strength, and the film produced in Example 7 had a certain shear strength. The film to which the film prepared in Example 7 is pressed is not limited to a liquid crystal polymer film. Since a collection of metal nanoparticles bonds two types of films, there are no restrictions on the material of the films to be bonded. Furthermore, the metal nanoparticles are not limited to silver nanoparticles. Depending on the application, two types of film materials are selected to create a double film.

[0034] Example 10 In this example, the sheet prepared in Example 8 is pressure-bonded to a polypropylene sheet, which is the most commonly used plastic sheet. This gives the polypropylene sheet electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity similar to copper, the luster of copper, the light-blocking and heat-dissipating properties of Ketjenblack, and high gas barrier properties. A polypropylene sheet with a thickness of 300 μm was cut to a size of 15 cm × 15 cm, placed on a plate, and secured at all four edges with pins. Next, the sheet prepared in Example 8 was cut to a size of 12 cm × 12 cm and placed on the polypropylene sheet. A 12 cm × 12 cm plate was then placed over the sheet, and five 5 kg weights were placed on top of the plate at equal intervals diagonally. After this, the weight and plate were removed, and the polypropylene sheet was cut into 12 cm x 12 cm pieces. A double sheet was created by pressing a sheet consisting of a cluster of copper nanoparticles and a cluster of aggregates onto the polypropylene sheet. The double sheet was allowed to fall from a height of 2 m, but no damage was observed. Therefore, the two sheets are bonded with a certain strength, and the sheet created in Example 8 has a certain shear strength. The sheet to which the sheet prepared in Example 8 is pressed is not limited to a polypropylene sheet. Since a collection of metal nanoparticles bonds two types of films, there are no restrictions on the material of the sheets to be bonded. Furthermore, the metal nanoparticles are not limited to copper nanoparticles. Depending on the application, two types of sheet materials are selected to create a double sheet. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1. Cross section of Ketjen Black carbon primary particle 2. Silver nanoparticles

Claims

1. A method for producing a raw material used in forming a sheet or film made of a collection of carbon black aggregates that has gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of a metal, is as follows: A first suspension is prepared in advance, in which aggregates, which are primary agglomerates of carbon particles constituting carbon black, are entangled with each other via a first alcohol having a weight greater than that of the aggregates of carbon black, and the entangled aggregates are dispersed in the first alcohol. A second suspension is prepared in advance, in which aggregates of fine crystals of the metal compound having a size of 18-22 nm, which is one order of magnitude smaller than the aggregates having a size of 100-500 nm, are mixed with a second alcohol having a boiling point 15°C or more higher than that of the first alcohol and lower than the temperature at which thermal decomposition of a metal compound that precipitates a metal by thermal decomposition begins, in an amount less than that of the second alcohol. Thereafter, the second suspension, which is greater in weight than the first suspension, and the first suspension are filled into a container, and the two types of suspensions are stirred to prepare a mixture of the two types of suspensions. Thereafter, the mixture of the two types of suspensions is filled into a chamber of a vacuum impregnation device, and the chamber is sealed. a vacuum pump of the dry impregnation apparatus is operated to reduce the pressure in the chamber to a minimum pressure that is 1 / 5 of the saturated vapor pressure of the first alcohol at the temperature in the chamber; thereby, 4 / 5 or less of the first alcohol is vaporized and discharged from the chamber; and a portion of the second alcohol is vaporized and discharged from the chamber in accordance with the saturated vapor pressure of the second alcohol at the temperature in the chamber, and the amounts of both the first alcohol and the second alcohol are reduced, so that the mixture of the two types of suspensions becomes a new suspension; with the evaporation of the two types of alcohol, the new suspension moves into the gaps between the entangled aggregates, and the new suspension is adsorbed onto the surfaces of the entangled aggregate groups; thereby, a mixture consisting of the new suspension and the aggregate groups is formed in the chamber, and the mixture is used as a raw material for forming a sheet or film. A method for producing raw materials used in forming sheets or films consisting of aggregates of carbon black that have gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity comparable to that of metals.

2. A method for preparing the first suspension according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: The first alcohol described in claim 1 is an alcohol having a viscosity of 3-5 mPa·sec at 20°C, and the alcohol and carbon black aggregates, the weight of which is less than that of the alcohol, are filled into a container, and the carbon black aggregates are stirred and immersed in the alcohol. Thereafter, an ultrasonic homogenizer is placed in the container, and the homogenizer is operated in the alcohol, and bubbles smaller than the size of aggregates, which are primary agglomerates of carbon particles that make up the carbon black, are generated in the alcohol.

2. The method for preparing a first suspension according to claim 1, wherein bubbles are generated in the alcohol, and then the bubbles disappear almost simultaneously, and at this time, shock waves generated when the bubbles burst continue to be generated in the alcohol, and the shock waves are continuously irradiated to the fine parts of agglomerates, which are clumps of the aggregates entangled with each other, thereby disentangling the entangled parts of the aggregates, and the alcohol is adsorbed to the disentangled parts, thereby preparing a first suspension in which a collection of aggregates entangled via the alcohol is dispersed in the alcohol.

3. The method for preparing the first suspension according to claim 2 comprises the steps of: A method for preparing the first suspension according to claim 2, wherein the carbon black according to claim 2 is Ketjen black, and the first suspension is prepared according to the method for preparing the first suspension according to claim 2, using the Ketjen black as the carbon black according to claim 2.

4. The method for preparing the second suspension according to claim 1 comprises the steps of: A metal compound having a first property of dispersing in a molecular state in methanol but not dissolving in methanol, and a second property of precipitating a metal by thermal decomposition, is dispersed in methanol to prepare a methanol dispersion of the metal compound, and then the methanol is evaporated from the methanol dispersion of the metal compound to precipitate a cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound. The cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound is then filled into a container, and a plate covering the entire surface of the cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound is placed over the cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound. A compressive load equivalent to 1-10 kg weight, depending on the size of the container, is applied to the entire surface of the plate to crush the cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound. Impact accelerations of 0.2-0.5 G are repeatedly applied to the sides and bottom of the container in three directions, front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-to-down, depending on the size of the container, causing the crushed clusters of fine crystals of the metal compound to move within the container to fill voids, and the clusters of fine crystals are rearranged within the container. The entire surface of the plate is then crushed. the compressive load is applied again to the plate, and further, the impact acceleration in the three directions is repeatedly applied to the side and bottom of the container; the pair of processes consisting of the process of applying the compressive load and the process of applying the impact acceleration are repeated; when the crystals reach their limit of micronization, the crystals do not break even when the compressive load is applied to the plate, and therefore the plate stops moving even when the compressive load is applied to the plate, and at this point, the pair of processes are stopped, and a cluster of fine crystals of 18-22 nm in size of the metal compound is created in the container; thereafter, the plate is removed from the container; the second alcohol described in claim 1 is filled into the container in a weight greater than the weight of the cluster of fine crystals of the metal compound; the cluster of fine crystals of 18-22 nm in size of the metal compound is stirred; and a second suspension is created in the container in which the cluster of fine crystals of 18-22 nm in size of the metal compound is mixed with the second alcohol.

5. The method for preparing the second suspension according to claim 4 comprises the steps of: A method for preparing the second suspension according to claim 4, wherein the metal compound according to claim 4 is an inorganic metal compound consisting of an inorganic salt having a metal complex ion in which an inorganic molecule or an inorganic ion is coordinately bonded to a metal ion, and the inorganic metal compound is used as the metal compound according to claim 4, and the second suspension is prepared according to the method for preparing the second suspension according to claim 4.

6. The method for preparing the second suspension according to claim 4 comprises the steps of: A method for preparing the second suspension described in claim 4, wherein the metal compound described in claim 4 is an octylate metal compound, and the second suspension is prepared using the octylate metal compound as the metal compound described in claim 4 according to the method for preparing the second suspension described in claim 4.

7. A method for continuously forming a sheet or film made of aggregates of carbon black, which has gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of a metal, using a raw material used in forming the sheet or film according to claim 1, comprises the steps of: a first suspension is prepared according to the method of claim 2, and the first suspension is used as the first suspension of claim 1; a second suspension is prepared according to the method of claim 4, and the second suspension is used as the second suspension of claim 1; a raw material to be used in forming a sheet or film composed of a collection of carbon black aggregates is prepared according to the method of claim 1; the raw material is continuously charged into an extruder; the screw of the extruder is continuously driven; the raw material charged in the extruder is continuously extruded from the extruder into a T-die; the raw material is continuously extruded in the shape of a sheet or film by the pressure from the extruder from a lip of the T-die having a width corresponding to the width of the sheet or film to be produced and a gap corresponding to the thickness of the sheet or film to be produced; and the extruded sheet or film is continuously passed through a heat treatment furnace heated to a temperature at which the thermal decomposition of a metal compound constituting the raw material is completed; The inorganic or organic molecules are decomposed into metal molecules and metal molecules, and the inorganic or organic molecules absorb the heat of vaporization and vaporize. When the vaporization is complete, the metal molecules form metal nanoparticles with a size of about 10 nm, and the metal nanoparticles precipitate all at once. Since the metal nanoparticles do not contain impurities and precipitate in an active state, adjacent metal nanoparticles are metallically bonded at the contact points, and the metallically bonded metal nanoparticles are stacked. As a result, the gaps between the entangled aggregates are filled by the metallically bonded metal nanoparticles. the aggregates are layered and filled up, and the surfaces of the aggregates in which the aggregates are entangled are covered with the aggregates of metal-bonded nanoparticles in layers; and the sheet or film that has passed through the heat treatment furnace is continuously wound up with a winder, thereby continuously forming a sheet or film made of aggregates of carbon black that has been endowed with gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity equivalent to those of a metal.A method for continuously forming a sheet or film made of aggregates of carbon black that has been endowed with gas barrier properties, metallic luster, and electrical and thermal conductivity comparable to those of metal.

8. The method for press-bonding sheets or films formed by the method according to claim 7 to each other comprises the steps of: A method for pressure-bonding sheets, comprising: overlapping portions of the sheets formed by the method according to claim 7 to be pressure-bonded together; applying compressive stress to one surface of the overlapping portions; thereby bringing metal nanoparticles formed on the surfaces of both the overlapping sheets into contact with each other; furthermore, generating frictional heat at the contact portions of the metal nanoparticles; bonding the metal nanoparticles together due to the frictional heat; and pressure-bonding the overlapping portions together due to the bonding of the metal nanoparticles together. or A method for laminating films together, comprising overlapping the portions of the films formed by the method described in claim 7 to be laminated together and applying compressive stress to one surface of the laminated portions, thereby bringing metal nanoparticles formed on the surfaces of both of the laminated films into contact with each other, and further generating frictional heat at the contact points of the metal nanoparticles, which causes the metal nanoparticles to bond together, and the bonding of the metal nanoparticles to each other causes the laminated portions to be laminated together.

9. A method for press-bonding the sheet or film formed by the method according to claim 7 to a substrate or a part comprises the steps of: A method for pressing a sheet or film formed by the method of claim 7 to a substrate or a part, comprising cutting the sheet or film formed by the method of claim 7 to a predetermined shape, placing the cut sheet or the cut film on the surface of a substrate or a part, and further compressing the surface of the cut sheet or the cut film, thereby causing a cluster of metal nanoparticles covering the surface of the cut sheet or the cut film to come into contact with the surface of the substrate or the part, and further generating frictional heat at the contact points of the metal nanoparticles, which causes the cluster of metal nanoparticles to bond to the surface of the substrate or the part, and pressing the cut sheet or the cut film to the surface of the substrate or the part.

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