Horizontal water turbine hydroelectric power generation equipment

Abstract

To provide hydroelectric power generation equipment using a horizontal waterwheel which does not need an elevation difference in a river or the like.SOLUTION: Collection weirs 25 are constructed at left and right sides of a flow passage 30 in which an installation width of a horizontal waterwheel being a device of the present invention is secured, river flowing water which is collected by the collection weirs 25 is divided into left and right flowing water as energy generation flowing water 34 and non-energy generation flowing water 35 with a rotating body 1 located in a center of the horizontal water waterwheel which is installed at the flow passage 30 so as to be rotatable as a reference, rotating blades which are horizontally paired by a vertical angle and a 90°-angle are set as vertical blades by the positional energy of the energy generation flowing water 34, rotational energy is generated by vertical and horizontal conversion motions of the horizontal blade 5 and the mutual rotating blades while making an upper part of a water level position of the non-energy generation flowing water 35 not possess hydraulic resistance, and hydroelectric power generation equipment is composed of a power generator 24 which is gear-changed by a driven gear 22 engaged with a drive gear 21 which is integrated with an upper part of the rotating body 1 in the center of the horizontal waterwheel, and interlocked with a rotating shaft 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a small to medium-scale hydroelectric power generation device that does not require a head in a river and uses natural flowing water. More specifically, it relates to a cross-hung water turbine consisting of a rotor supported on bearings located opposite an upper plate that is spaced an appropriate distance from the water surface of the flowing river water and a bottom plate whose surface is buried parallel to the riverbed, and rotors that rotate in pairs with the rotor. The flowing river water is divided into left and right as energy-producing flowing water and non-energy-producing flowing water based on the rotor in the center of the cross-hung water turbine, and the vertical blades that are vertical in the water due to the potential energy of the energy-producing flowing water and the opposing horizontal blades that are horizontal on the surface of the non-energy-producing flowing water make it possible to produce electrical energy through the cyclic operation of these blades. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, the only type of hydroelectric power generation equipment that uses natural flowing water and does not require dust removal equipment is the overshot turbine. To make it possible to produce energy by overshot turbines on rivers, an intake weir with a suitable head is required, and at present there are very few existing weirs that can accommodate overshot turbines, so building a new weir on a river involves various challenges and requires enormous costs.

[0003] One example of an invention that sought to solve the problem of dealing with waste is Patent No. 5671769. In this device, the existing single-shaft overshot waterwheel was converted into a double-shaft conveyor belt system, which was hung diagonally above and below a weir with a head appropriate for the device, multiple buckets were attached evenly to the belt, natural flowing water was collected into the upper buckets of the belt, and the weight of the water in the multiple buckets and the pressure of the water flowing diagonally down rotated the belt conveyor, creating a hydroelectric power generation device that performed the same function as an existing overshot waterwheel in terms of waste control.

[0004] However, when it comes to hydroelectric power generation equipment that uses natural flowing water, there are a number of issues to be addressed in addition to garbage control, and this is particularly true when installing hydroelectric power generation equipment in rivers. In the case of Patent No. 5671769, dust removal measures for hydroelectric power generation equipment can reliably remove debris and other debris, but there are other issues with the construction of new weirs, such as erosion at the bottom of the weir due to falling water, problems with river organisms migrating upstream, the landscape, noise control, and especially driftwood, flowing rocks, and increased water volume during times of flooding, and solving these problems would require enormous costs. Furthermore, this invention uses a belt conveyor system with a certain degree of inclination, which means that the energy required to move each bucket of stored water is not vertical but diagonal, which places a huge amount of resistance on each part of the belt conveyor, making it difficult to efficiently and effectively utilize natural flowing water. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5671769 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] As mentioned above, among the direct river irrigation systems proposed to date, small-scale hydroelectric power generation systems are practical as systems, but none are suitable for new construction. The reasons for this are numerous issues, including climate change-related river flooding and the resulting driftwood and rocks, water level drops during droughts, landscape issues, noise control, and measures to prevent river organisms from migrating upstream. Furthermore, hydroelectric power generation systems that require a head require a weir of a suitable height for the system, and there are very few existing weirs suitable for installation. Therefore, solving these issues and constructing a new system would require enormous costs. With the exception of power-generating dams and power generation systems that use river water, it is impossible to build a direct river irrigation system that solves these issues.

[0007] This invention has been made to solve problems with small to medium-sized hydroelectric power generation devices that use flowing river water, and it converts the conventional overshot and undershot hydroelectric power generation devices into a new cross-shot waterwheel type, which divides the river flowing water into energy-producing flowing water and non-energy-producing flowing water on the left and right sides based on the rotor in the center of the waterwheel, and consists of vertical blades made up of the potential energy of the energy-producing flowing water and horizontal blades that eliminate water resistance on the water surface of the non-energy-producing flowing water.This invention does not require a head, and its objective is to provide a cross-shot waterwheel hydroelectric power generation device that solves the problems of increased water volume in rivers that rarely occur due to climate change, the accompanying driftwood, flowstones, etc., and measures to prevent the upstream migration of river organisms, as well as other issues. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The invention described in claim 1 for solving the above problem comprises a cylindrical rotor that is mostly submerged in water but leaves a portion above the water surface, a plurality of bearings that are arranged in parallel relative to the circumference with the center of the upper part of the rotor as the reference, a semicircular connecting plate that connects the 90° rotation support shafts that pass through the bearings freely and are separated from the 90° rotation support shafts with relatively equal projections of different lengths within the rotor, and a semicircular connecting plate that connects the 90° rotation support shafts and the perpendicular and 90° rotation support shafts that pass through the rotor and are radially arranged at a fixed length at an outer position. a pair of rotors arranged horizontally at an angle of 90°; a 90° rotation stopper plate that is integrated with the rotors in parallel at the projection; support plates for the 90° rotation stopper plates that are installed at the same positions on the inside and outside of the rotor to hold the rotors in a vertical position; a top cover that closes the upper part of the rotor, which is connected to a drive gear that is integrated with a main shaft at its center; a bottom cover that closes the lower part, which is integrated with the main shaft at its center; and a generator that changes speed using a driven gear that meshes with the drive gear and is linked via the rotor shaft.

[0009] In one embodiment, the top and bottom of the rotor are closed with an upper cover and a bottom cover, and the 90° rotation support shaft of a certain length is freely passed through a plurality of bearings arranged in parallel opposite each other around the center of the circumference of the sealed upper part of the rotor, and the bearings are separated from each other within the rotor, leaving equal projections, and each projection is connected via the semicircular connecting plate, and when connected, the rotor blade that becomes one with the 90° rotation support shaft is received in a vertical position to form a vertical blade, and the rotor blade that becomes one with the opposing 90° rotation support shaft becomes a horizontal blade that moves horizontally at an angle of 90° to the vertical blade.

[0010] In one embodiment, in order to prevent the multiple intersecting semicircular connecting plates within the rotating body from coming into contact with each other, the opposing projection widths are adjusted in order from longest to shortest, and the semicircular connecting plates that connect the separated 90° rotation support shafts have different diameters that expand from smallest to largest. In the above configuration, the longest projection width of each of the opposing projection widths is connected by the minimum semicircular connecting plate, and a step is provided to connect the lowest section with the shortest projection width and the maximum semicircular connecting plate.By providing a step, the semicircular connecting plate paired with the rotor, which alternately converts between vertical and horizontal positions at a fixed position, can avoid contact between the respective semicircular connecting plates.

[0011] In one embodiment, the rotor is reinforced by a double-layered structure with a thick outer frame and foam injected into the gaps, and when this device is installed in a river, the rotor at the center of the cross-hung water turbine can be protected from occasional flooding caused by climate change and the accompanying driftwood, rocks, etc. Furthermore, by making the outer frame thick, the rotor weight is increased, and the increased load on each part supporting the rotor is alleviated by the space inside the rotor formed by the top and bottom covers sealing the top and bottom, and by the buoyancy of the foam, which makes it float in the water, reducing the load on each part and making the invention sustainable.

[0012] In one embodiment, the rotor blades integrated with the 90° rotation support shaft that penetrates the rotor and extends radially at an outer position have one side integrated vertically to form a vertical blade and the opposing side horizontally at a 90° angle to form a horizontal blade. 90° rotation stop plates are integrated in parallel with the rotor blades that face each other vertically and horizontally, facing the width of the 90° rotation support shaft within the rotor, and support plates for vertically supporting the rotor blades are installed at the same positions on the inside and outside of the rotor, further strengthening the rotor and using the rotor blades as 90° rotation stop plates.

[0013] To solve the above problem, the invention described in claim 5 provides collection weirs of an appropriate height on both sides of the flow channel, which has a sufficient width for the installation of the cross-hung water turbine, to collect river flow water into the flow channel, and divides the flow water into energy-producing flow water and non-energy-producing flow water on the left and right sides based on the rotating body in the center of the cross-hung water turbine.The vertical blades are rotated vertically by the potential energy of the energy-producing flow water, and the opposing horizontal blades rotate horizontally on the surface of the non-energy-producing flow water, eliminating water resistance.

[0014] In one embodiment, the river flow collected in the flow channel by the collection weir is divided into left and right river flow as the energy-producing flow and the non-energy-producing flow with respect to the rotor, and at the confluence point downstream of the rotor, the flowing water and the vertical blades become parallel to each other, and water resistance associated with the vertical blades becomes zero. When the vertical blades pass the parallel position with the flowing water, the vertical and horizontal rotors, which are at an angle of 90° to the water resistance, act as a balance due to their own weight, and the flowing water pressure of the non-energy-producing flow, push the vertical blades up toward the water surface. At the same time, the horizontal blades upstream descend due to their own weight, and when they pass the water surface, they are pushed by the potential energy of the energy-producing flow and are received by the backing plate, becoming the vertical blades.

[0015] The invention described in claim 6 for solving the above problem involves removing the width of the flow path, which serves as both a flow path for the non-energy-producing flow water and an upstream migration path for river organisms, and burying multiple cylinders in parallel in the riverbed at an angle facing upstream with their tops at the water surface, at an upstream position that does not interfere with the rotation of the cross-hung water turbine, and installing a protective shelf consisting of several horizontal boards integrated with the cylinders at steps at an upstream protection position for the rotor and its associated vertical blades.

[0016] In one embodiment, the flow channel of the non-energy-producing flowing water is used as the upstream passage for river organisms, and the surface of the collection weir, which is slightly higher than the normal water level, and the upper plate hung over the collection weir for supporting the rotor, allows the surface to pass through when there is a rise in water level that rarely occurs due to climate change and the accompanying driftwood, etc., and flowing stones, etc. are poured into the upstream passage through the protective shelf. Also, in one embodiment, by using the present invention as a cross-hung water turbine, no head is required, and by providing the upstream passage, the ecosystem of river organisms is not destroyed and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of flooding. It can also be used as a protective barrier as part of a network. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] As described above, the present invention is a horizontally hung water turbine, which does not require a head, and generates rotational energy with vertical blades that move vertically using the potential energy of the energy-producing flowing water, and the horizontal blades that change from vertical to horizontal at a fixed position move horizontally over the surface of the non-energy-producing flowing water, eliminating water resistance associated with the horizontal blades.The open flow path of the non-energy-producing flowing water can be used as a passage for river organisms to swim upstream, and damage to the device caused by rising water levels due to climate change and the resulting driftwood, driftstones, etc. can be avoided, making it possible to make more efficient and effective use of the device, with the effect of improving power generation efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, without destroying the ecosystem of river organisms, they can be used as a passageway for daily life during normal times and as a dam during floods. In Japan, where we have water sources with unparalleled quality, they can be expanded without limit, and they are effective in being applied not only to rivers but also to irrigation channels, water purification plants, wastewater treatment plants, etc., as well as to tidal currents in straits caused by the ebb and flow of the tides, ocean currents at sea, wind power, and all other natural flows in the natural world. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a side view of a part in section of an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] Cross section of line BB in Figure 1 [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a partial cross section of an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 6] Illustrative diagram of one part of the present invention [Figure 7] Illustrative diagram of one part of the present invention [Figure 8] 1 is an explanatory diagram of a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is an overall plan view showing the configuration of one embodiment of a cross-hung waterwheel hydroelectric power generation device that uses river flowwater according to the present invention, and Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the cross-hung waterwheel at line BB. Collection weirs 25 of an appropriate height are constructed on both sides of a flow channel 30, which has a sufficient width to accommodate the installation of the cross-hung waterwheel, and the river flowwater collected by the collection weirs 25 is divided into energy production flowwater 34 and non-energy production flowwater 35 on the left and right sides, based on the rotor 1 at the center of the cross-hung waterwheel installed in the flow channel 30.

[0021] Bearings 18 are arranged in parallel in even numbers around the upper circumference of rotor 1, with rotor 1 centered as the reference, and 90° rotation shafts 7 pass through each bearing 18 and are separated within rotor 1, leaving projections 8, 9, 10, and 11. Each projection is connected by semicircular connecting plates 14, 15, 16, and 17, and the separated 90° rotation shafts 7 are paired together via the semicircular connecting plates. Rotor blades with one side integral with the 90° rotation shafts 7 that form a radial shape at the outside of rotor 1 are made vertical by the potential energy of the energy-producing flowing water 34 to form vertical blades 6, and one rotor blade with one side integral with one of the paired 90° rotation shafts 7 becomes horizontal blade 5 at a 90° angle to the vertical blade 6 above the water surface 26 of the non-energy-producing flowing water 35.

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of one embodiment of a cross-hung water turbine of the present invention. The cylindrical rotor 1 has a double structure, the outer frame is made thick and foam 2 is injected into the gaps to reinforce the rotor 1, and the top and bottom of the rotor 1 are sealed with an upper cover 3 to which the main shaft 19 and drive gear 21 are connected, and a bottom cover 4 with the main shaft 19 at its center. The upper and lower main shafts 19 of the rotor 1 are supported by main shaft bearings 20 provided relative to an upper plate 27 and a bottom plate 28. The total weight of the rotor 1 is increased by reinforcing the outer frame with a thick wall, but the increased load on the lower main shaft 19 and main shaft bearing 20 is mitigated by the space within the rotor 1 and the buoyancy of the foam 2 in water, allowing the device to last. The rotation of a drive gear 21 integrated with a main shaft 19 at the center of an upper cover 3 that closes the top of the rotor 1 is changed in speed by a driven gear 22, and electricity can be generated by a generator 24 via a rotating shaft 23.

[0023] The 90° rotation stop plates 12 that are integrated with the projections 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the 90° rotation support shaft 7 within the rotor 1 are placed in parallel with the vertical blades 6 and horizontal blades 5, and the same number of support plates 13 for the 90° rotation stop plates 12 are installed on the inner wall of the rotor 1. In this embodiment, by receiving the 90° rotation stop plates 12 on the support plates 13, the integrated rotor blades become vertical blades 6, and the 90° rotation stop plates 12 that are integrated with the opposing projections leave the support plates 13, and the rotor blades that are integrated with the 90° rotation stop plates 12 become horizontal blades 5 at an angle of 90° to the vertical blades 6.

[0024] At the downstream confluence point of the energy-producing flowing water 34 and the non-energy-producing flowing water 35, which are divided into left and right sides with respect to the rotor 1, the flowing water and the vertical blades become parallel, and there is no water resistance associated with the vertical blades 6. Once they pass the parallel position, the water resistance and the flow pressure of the non-energy-producing flowing water 35 cause the vertical blades 6 to be lifted toward the water surface 26, where they become horizontal blades, and at the same time, the horizontal blades 5, which are moving horizontally, descend into the water upstream due to their own weight, and are returned to a vertical position by the potential energy of the energy-producing flowing water 34 once they pass the water surface 26, and the horizontal and vertical conversion operation of the pair of rotors can be performed instantaneously at the fixed positions downstream and upstream via the semicircular connecting plate.

[0025] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the semicircular connecting plates 14, 15, 16, 17 are configured to have different projections and diameter differences within the rotating body 1 of the 90° rotating shaft, which starts from the bearing 18 and extends from the shortest projection 8, 8 to the longest projection 11, 11, and are expanded from the smallest to the largest. The longest projections 11, 11 are connected by the smallest semicircular connecting plate 14, and steps are formed by crossing them in order to connect the shortest projections 8, 8 with the largest semicircular connecting plate 17 at the bottom, which makes it possible to avoid contact between the semicircular connecting plates 14, 15, 16, 17 when in use.

[0026] Figure 7 shows one embodiment of the rotor 1, in which the shortest projections 8, 8 are connected by the largest semicircular connecting plate 17, and the 90° rotation stop plates 12, which are integrated with each projection in parallel with the vertical and horizontal rotor blades, are supported by the support plate 13, and the vertical blades, which become vertical due to the potential energy of the energy-producing flowing water 34 shown in Figure 1, are supported by the support plate 13, so that the vertically moving vertical blades 6 become energy-producing blades. In addition, the 90° rotation stop plate integrated with one projection 8 separates from the support plate 13, and the integrated horizontal blade 5 becomes a non-energy-producing blade, eliminating water resistance on the water surface.

[0027] The above configuration explains how the water volume and accompanying driftwood, etc. that occasionally rise due to climate change are allowed to pass over the surface of the collection weir 25 and upper plate 27, and how flowing rocks, etc. that arise from the rise in water are channeled along the protective shelf 31 installed upstream so as not to interfere with the rotation of the cross-hung waterwheel, into a flow path (not shown) that serves both as an upstream passage for river organisms (not shown) and as a flow path (not shown) for non-energy-producing flowing water 35, thereby protecting the device from the various adverse effects caused by the rise in water. [Industrial Applicability]

[0028] Currently, the mainstream of electricity production is thermal power generation, which is a cause of environmental destruction on a global scale, and nuclear power generation, which leaves problems for the future. With the aim of moving away from relying on these power sources, a rapid shift to solar power generation and wind power generation, which utilize natural energy, is underway. However, in Japan, which has water resources unparalleled in the world, hydroelectric power generation, which utilizes natural energy, is still in its infancy. The reasons why hydroelectric power generation has not become widespread are due to a pile of various problems, and this invention was invented to solve those problems. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied not only to rivers and irrigation channels, but also to all natural flows in nature, such as tidal currents in straits, ocean currents on the ocean, and wind power. We believe that by combining existing solar power generation and wind power generation with the hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention, we can quickly realize a decarbonized society. [Explanation of symbols]

[0029] 1 Rotating body 2. Foam 3 Top lid 4 Bottom lid 5 horizontal wing 6 vertical wings 7 90° rotating shaft 8 Projection 9 Projection 10 Projection 11 Projection 12 90° rotation stop plate 13 Receiving plate 14 Semicircular connecting plate 15 Semicircular connecting plate 16 Semicircular connecting plate 17 Semicircular connecting plate 18 Bearings 19 Spindle 20 Main shaft bearing 21 Drive gear 22 Driven gear 23 Generator 24 Collection Weir 25 Water surface 26 Upper Plate 27 Bottom plate 28 Underwater 29 Waterway 30 Protective shelf 31 Cylinder 32 horizontal board 33 Energy Production Running Water 34 Non-energy production runoff

Claims

1. A cylindrical rotating body that is partly above the water surface and most of the part is underwater; A plurality of bearings arranged in parallel relative to the circumference of the rotating body with the center of the upper part of the rotating body at the water surface position as a reference; A 90° rotation support shaft passing through the bearing, a semicircular connecting plate that connects the 90° rotation support shafts, with a pair of opposing shafts in the rotating body having the same length and adjacent shafts being separated with different projecting lengths; a rotor that penetrates the rotor and is integral with the 90° rotation support shaft that is radially extended to a fixed length at an outer position, and forms a vertical or horizontal rotor; a 90° rotation stopper plate integrated with the rotor blade in parallel at the projection width; A cross-hung water turbine hydroelectric power generation device consisting of a support plate for the 90° rotation stopper plate installed inside the rotor to support the rotor in a vertical position, a top cover that covers the upper part of the rotor which has a drive gear integrated with the main shaft in the center, a bottom cover that covers the lower part which has the main shaft integrated with the center, and a generator which changes speed with a driven gear that meshes with the drive gear and is linked via the rotor shaft.

2. The cylindrical rotating body is formed by closing the top and bottom lids to form a double structure, and the outer frame is reinforced by making it thick and injecting foam into the gaps, In the cross-hung water turbine, which is configured so that the main shaft is supported on bearings arranged opposite to an upper plate above the water surface and a bottom plate whose surface is buried parallel to the bottom of the water, the thick outer frame adds weight, and the increased load on the lower main shaft and main shaft bearing is floated in the water by the space within the rotating body and the buoyancy of the foam, thereby reducing the load on the main shaft and main shaft bearing and making the cross-hung water turbine sustainable.

3. 2. A cross-hung water turbine hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the 90° rotation support shafts are separated within the rotor, and the projection lengths are adjusted in sequence from the longest to the shortest along the inner wall of the rotor with different lengths, and the multiple semicircular connecting plates connecting the separated 90° rotation support shafts in pairs are strengthened by adjusting the thickness, width and shape, and the diameters are different and increased in sequence from the smallest to the largest.

4. 2. The cross-mounted water turbine hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotors integral with the 90° rotation support shafts, each of which is radially arranged at a fixed length outside the rotor body, have one side integral with the 90° rotation support shaft and made vertical, and the rotors integral with one of the pair of 90° rotation support shafts via the semicircular connecting plate are placed horizontally at an angle of 90° and form a vertical or horizontal blade integral with the 90° rotation support shaft which penetrates the rotor and is radially arranged at a fixed length outside the rotor body.

5. A cross-hung water turbine hydroelectric power generation system as described in claim 1, in which collecting weirs of an appropriate height are provided on both sides of a flow channel having a sufficient width for the installation of the cross-hung water turbine, and river flow water is collected in the flow channel, and is divided into energy-producing flow water and non-energy-producing flow water on the left and right sides based on the rotating body in the center of the cross-hung water turbine, and the vertical blades are rotated vertically by the potential energy of the energy-producing flow water, and the opposing horizontal blades are rotated horizontally on the surface of the non-energy-producing flow water without water resistance.

6. A cross-hung water turbine hydroelectric power generation system as described in claim 5, in which a plurality of cylinders are buried in parallel in the riverbed at an angle facing upstream with their upper parts at the water surface, at an upstream position that does not interfere with the rotation of the cross-hung water turbine, by removing the width of the flow path that serves both as a flow path for non-energy-producing water and as a passage for river organisms to swim upstream, and a protective shelf consisting of several horizontal plates integrated with the cylinders at a stepped position is installed in an upstream protective position for the rotor and the associated vertical blades.

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