Launching equipment and launching method for tunneling machine

Abstract

To provide a starting facility and a starting method for an excavator, which can smoothly carry out material carrying-in work, etc., even during preparation for the start of the excavator or during initial excavation. [Solution] This launching equipment comprises a wall 4 in which a tunnel entrance 41 is formed, a reaction force receiving member 5 installed around the tunnel entrance 41, and anchors 6 for fixing the reaction force receiving member 5 to the wall 4. A storage space 42 capable of storing a tunneling machine M prior to initial excavation is formed through the wall 4, and a water-stopping member 45 capable of abutting against the outer periphery of the tunneling machine M is arranged on the peripheral wall of the storage space 42.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a launching facility and a method for launching an excavator. [Background technology]

[0002] When constructing a shield tunnel, the tunneling machine excavates while receiving thrust reaction force from the existing segment ring. During the initial excavation, temporary assembled segments and reaction support bases (including bearing walls, etc.) are installed behind the tunneling machine within the starting base or starting shaft, and construction is carried out while securing thrust reaction force (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 04-076190 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] If temporary assembled segments and reaction support stands are installed inside the launch base, it will restrict the transport of materials into the launch base. Therefore, until the temporary assembled segments and reaction support stands are removed from the launch base, it may be necessary to restrict the transport of materials into the launch base. The present invention aims to provide a launching facility and a launching method for an excavator that enable smooth material loading and other operations even while the excavator is preparing to launch or during initial excavation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The launch equipment of the present invention, which solves the above problem, comprises a wall body having a tunnel entrance formed therein, a reaction force receiving material installed around the tunnel entrance, and anchors for fixing the reaction force receiving material to the wall body. At the tunnel entrance, a storage space capable of storing a tunneling machine prior to initial excavation is formed by a through hole formed in the wall and a cross tunnel communicating with the through hole.With this launch facility, the thrust reaction force is secured from anchors fixed to the wall where the tunnel entrance is formed, so there is no need to install pre-assembled segments or reaction support stands behind the tunneling machine within the launch base. This makes it possible to secure space behind the tunneling machine, and there are no restrictions on work such as transporting materials within the launch base.

[0006] Also A storage space capable of storing a tunneling machine before initial tunneling is formed through the wall body. To , a larger working space can be secured within the launch base. In addition It is desirable that a water-stopping member that can abut against the outer periphery of the tunneling machine is disposed on the peripheral wall of the accommodation space, thereby preventing groundwater etc. from flowing into the launch base from the tunnel mouth.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for launching an excavator of the present invention comprises a first step of forming an accommodation space that penetrates a wall where a mine portal is formed, a second step of installing the excavator in said accommodation space prior to initial excavation, a third step of arranging reaction force receiving materials around the mine portal and fixing said reaction force receiving materials to said wall with anchors fixed to said wall, and a fourth step of applying a thrust reaction force to said reaction force receiving materials to move the excavator forward. According to this method for launching an excavator, thrust reaction force is secured from anchors fixed to the wall where the mine portal is formed, and the excavator installed in the accommodation space that penetrates the wall is moved forward, so that work space for carrying in materials, etc. can be secured behind the excavator.

[0008] before In the first step, a cross-hole communicating with the storage space is formed on the front side of the wall body, and in the second step, the front part of the tunneling machine is inserted into the cross-hole. do. In addition It is more preferable to form frozen soil or improved soil on the front side of the wall before the first step. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the launching equipment and launching method for an excavator of the present invention, it is possible to smoothly carry out work such as bringing in materials even while the excavator is preparing to launch or during initial excavation. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an underground structure of the present embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] 10 is a flowchart showing the steps of a method for starting the excavator. [Figure 5] 1A and 1B are cross-sectional views showing the construction status of the tunneling machine starting method, where FIG. 1A shows the wall formation process and FIG. 1B shows the tunnel entrance formation process. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the tunneling machine installation process. [Figure 7] This is a cross-sectional view showing the launch facility when constructing a new tunnel between existing tunnels. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the launch base and launch facility. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] In this embodiment, an underground structure 1 having a large cross-sectional underground space is formed by a plurality of tunnels 2, 2, .... FIG. 1 shows the underground structure 1. The plurality of tunnels 2, 2, ... are arranged side by side in a cylindrical shape with some of them overlapping (overlapped). The plurality of tunnels 2, 2, ... are connected in a rosary-like manner, and all of the tunnels 2, 2, ... form a cylindrical underground structure. Furthermore, the construction order is such that the shield tunnel (leading shield 2a) is constructed first, followed by the shield tunnel (following shield 2b) between the existing tunnels. The plurality of tunnels 2, 2, ... do not necessarily have to be arranged side by side in a cylindrical shape; for example, they may be arranged side by side in a rectangular or elliptical cylindrical shape. In other words, the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure 1 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be, for example, a rectangular or elliptical shape.

[0012] Tunnel 2 is constructed by the shield method using a tunneling machine M launched from a launch facility. A part of the launch facility is shown in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 2, the launch facility includes a wall body 4, a reaction force receiving member 5, an anchor 6, a watertight receiving frame 7, and a base 8.

[0013] The wall 4 of this embodiment is formed of a steel-plate concrete structure made of steel plates and concrete. A tunnel entrance 41 is formed in the wall 4 corresponding to the construction location of the tunnel 2. The tunnel entrance 41 is provided with a storage space 42 capable of storing the tunneling machine M before initial excavation. The storage space 42 is a space formed by penetrating the wall 4 and has an internal cross-section larger than the outer shape of the tunneling machine M. Multiple pipe members 44, 44, ... are installed in the wall 4. The base ends of the pipe members 44 protrude from the inner wall surface of the wall 4, and the ends of the pipe members 44 open into the storage space 42. The pipe members 44 function as injection pipes or air vent pipes when injecting filler material (such as backfill material) into the gap between the tunneling machine M or segment ring and the peripheral wall of the storage space 42. A water-stopping member 45 that can abut against the outer periphery of the tunneling machine M is arranged on the peripheral wall of the storage space 42.

[0014] The reaction force receiving member 5 is installed on the surface (the surface on the launch base side) of the tunnel entrance 41 (wall body 4). Figure 3 shows the reaction force receiving member 5. As shown in Figure 3, the reaction force receiving member 5 is formed into a ring shape by combining steel materials. The reaction force receiving member 5 has an outer shape larger than the internal cross section of the storage space 42 and abuts against the wall body 4 (see Figure 2). The reaction force receiving member 5 also has an internal cross section smaller than the internal cross section of the storage space 42 and has a shape that can abut against a segment provided behind the tunneling machine M. Furthermore, the reaction force receiving member 5 has a bearing capacity that can secure the thrust reaction force of the tunneling machine M. The reaction force receiving member 5 has a plurality of anchor holes 51, 51, ... arranged in a row in the circumferential direction.

[0015] The anchor 6 fixes the reaction force receiving member 5 to the wall 4. As shown in FIG. 2, the base end (head) of the anchor 6 protrudes from the surface of the wall 4, and the head of the anchor 6 is attached to the reaction force receiving member 5. At least the tip of the anchor 6 is fixed to the wall 4. When the anchor 6 is inserted into the anchor hole 51 and a nut is screwed onto the head, the reaction force receiving member 5 is pressed toward the wall 4. In this embodiment, multiple anchors 6, 6, ... are arranged side by side around the accommodation space 42. The multiple anchors 6, 6, ... are arranged radially and inclined with respect to the tunnel axis so that they move away from each other toward the tip side.

[0016] As shown in Figure 2, the watertight receiving frame 7 is interposed between the wall body 4 and the reaction force receiving member 5. The watertight receiving frame 7 is a component of the base of the watertight door in case of an inflow of groundwater while the steel plates of the wall body 4 are cut and the frozen soil is excavated to create the storage space 42, or while the tunneling machine M is inserted into the storage space 42 and backfill is injected into the gap between the tunneling machine M and the storage space 42 using the watertight member 45 until the water can be stopped.

[0017] The platform 8 is disposed below the pit entrance 41 on the front side of the pit entrance 41. The platform 8 has a base 81 and a bracket 82, and is fixed to the wall 4. The platform 8 functions as a work platform.

[0018] The method for starting the tunneling machine of this embodiment will be explained below. The steps of the method for starting the tunneling machine are shown in Figure 4. The method for starting the tunneling machine includes an improvement process S1, a wall formation process S2, a tunnel entrance formation process S3, an tunneling machine installation process S4, a reaction force receiving member fixing process S5, and a starting process S6.

[0019] In the improvement step S1, the ground G around the wall body 4 (forward in the excavation direction) is frozen at a position corresponding to the tunnel construction location to form frozen soil. Note that in the improvement step S1, the ground G may be improved to form improved soil.

[0020] The wall formation process S2 is a process of forming a wall 4 on the side of the launch base 3. FIG. 5(a) shows the wall formation process S2. The wall 4 is formed by excavating along pre-frozen frozen soil in conjunction with the construction of the launch base 3. As shown in FIG. 5(a), the wall 4 of this embodiment is formed by arranging a pair of steel plates 4s, 4s and pouring concrete 4c between the pair of steel plates 4s, 4s. An opening 43 (accommodation space 42) for the pit entrance 41 is formed in the wall 4, and pipes 44 are piped before pouring depending on the formation location.

[0021] In the mine entrance formation step (first step) S3, an accommodation space 42 large enough to accommodate the tunneling machine M is formed in the mine entrance 41. Figure 5(b) shows the mine entrance formation step S3. First, as shown in Figure 5(b), an anchor 6 is placed and a watertight receiving frame 7 is installed. This is a component that will serve as the base for a watertight door or wall in the event of groundwater inflow during frozen soil excavation. The component that will become the door or wall is designed to be able to be installed in a short time if groundwater inflow occurs.

[0022] Next, an adit H is formed that communicates with the through hole (storage space 42) formed in the wall body 4 (see Figure 1). This forms a storage space 42 large enough to accommodate the tunneling machine M. Before excavation, the steel plate on the frozen soil side of the wall body is cut. The adit H is formed by excavating the ground G (frozen soil) ahead of the wall body 4 in the tunnel excavation direction. Finally, a water-stopping member 45 (see Figure 2) is installed on the inner surface.

[0023] In the tunneling machine installation process (second process) S4, as shown in Figure 6, the tunneling machine M is installed in the accommodation space 42 before initial excavation. First, a platform 8 is formed in front of the tunnel entrance 41. Once the platform 8 is formed, the tunneling machine M is placed on the platform 8 and inserted into the accommodation space 42. The tunneling machine M penetrates the wall body 4 and is installed with its front part inserted into the horizontal tunnel H.

[0024] In the reaction force receiving material fixing process (third process) S5, the reaction force receiving material 5 is placed around (on the surface of) the tunnel entrance 41 (see Figure 2). First, the reaction force receiving material 5 is placed on top of the water-stop receiving frame 7. The reaction force receiving material 5 is fixed to the wall body 4 by anchors 6 fixed to the wall body 4. In the starting step (fourth step) S6, the tunneling machine M is advanced by receiving a thrust reaction force from the reaction force receiver 5. The tunnel 2 is excavated by cutting the natural ground with the tunneling machine M and extending the thrust jack of the tunneling machine M. Before excavation begins, at least the first ring of segment rings is assembled inside the tunneling machine M, and the rear end of the segment ring is joined to the reaction force receiver 5. Then, the thrust jack of the tunneling machine M is abutted against the end face of the existing segment ring, and the thrust jack of the tunneling machine M is extended to excavate. After the tunneling machine M has advanced one ring, the segment is assembled behind the tunneling machine M. Thereafter, the required number of rings are connected in a row, as in the case of a normal shield tunneling method, and the tunnel 2 is constructed. After the tunnel 2 is completed, concrete is poured into the tunnel 2.

[0025] Thereafter, the portal formation step S3 to the starting step S6 are repeated in a similar manner to construct multiple tunnels 2, 2, ... (leading shield 2a and trailing shield 2b). In this embodiment, first, every other leading shield 2a, 2a, ... is formed, and then a new tunnel 2 (trailing shield 2b) is formed between the existing tunnels 2 (leading shields 2a) in a partially overlapping state (lapped state). When forming the trailing shield 2b between the leading shields 2a, as shown in FIG. 7, the anchors 6 of the trailing shield 2b are fixed to the concrete filled in the leading shield 2a. In the portal formation step (first step) S3 when constructing the trailing shield 2b, an opening 43 is formed in the wall 4 by core boring or chipping to create a portal 41 for the trailing shield 2b. At least a portion of the opening 43 is enlarged to secure space for piping a pipe 44 within the wall 4.

[0026] According to the launch equipment of this embodiment, a thrust reaction force is secured from anchors 6 fixed to the wall 4 where the tunnel entrance 41 is formed, so there is no need to provide pre-assembled segments or a reaction force receiving base behind the tunneling machine M within the launch base 3. This makes it possible to secure space behind the tunneling machine M, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, and does not restrict work such as bringing in materials into the launch base 3. For example, even when other work is being carried out in parallel with the construction of multiple tunnels 2, such as when constructing the tunnels 2, work such as bringing in materials and equipment can be carried out.

[0027] In addition, since an accommodation space 42 capable of accommodating the tunneling machine M is formed, the tunneling machine M is prevented from protruding into the launch base 3, and a larger working space can be secured within the launch base 3. Furthermore, a water-stopping member 45 that abuts against the outer periphery of the tunneling machine M is arranged on the peripheral wall of the accommodation space 42, thereby preventing groundwater and the like from flowing into the launch base from the tunnel entrance 41.

[0028] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and each of the above-described components can be appropriately modified within the scope of the invention. In the above embodiment, a case where multiple tunnels 2 are installed side by side has been described, but the number of tunnels 2 formed using the departure base 3 is not limited, and may be, for example, one. [Explanation of symbols]

[0029] 1 Underground structure 2. Tunnel 3 Launch base 4 wall 41 Wellhead 42 Containment Space 43 Opening 44 Piping material 45 Water-stopping material 5 Reaction receiving material 6. Anchor 7 Water-stopping receiving frame 8 Mounting stand G. Ground H side shaft M Tunnel Boring Machine

Claims

1. a wall body having a wellhead formed therein; A reaction force receiving material installed around the wellhead; An anchor for fixing the reaction force receiving member to the wall body, A launch facility characterized in that the tunnel entrance has a storage space formed by a through hole formed in the wall and a cross tunnel communicating with the through hole, which can accommodate a tunneling machine prior to initial excavation.

2. 2. The launching equipment according to claim 1, wherein a water-stopping member capable of contacting the outer periphery of the tunneling machine is arranged on the peripheral wall of the accommodation space.

3. a first step of forming a storage space penetrating a wall body in which a wellhead is formed; a second step of placing the tunneling machine before initial tunneling in the accommodation space; a third step of placing a reaction force receiving material around the wellhead and fixing the reaction force receiving material to the wall body with anchors fixed to the wall body; A fourth step of advancing the tunneling machine by receiving a thrust reaction force from the reaction force receiving member, In the first step, a cross hole communicating with the storage space is formed on the front side of the wall body, A method for starting a tunneling machine, characterized in that in the second step, a front part of the tunneling machine is inserted into the adit.

4. 4. A method for starting an excavator according to claim 3, wherein frozen soil or improved soil is formed in front of the wall body before the first step.

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