Fire-resistant structure and installation method

Abstract

To provide a fire-resistant structure capable of improving fire resistance performance, and a method for installing the fire-resistant structure. [Solution] A fire-resistant structure 1 according to one embodiment comprises a steel member 2, a plurality of wooden boards 3 arranged to surround the steel member 2, and a plurality of fire-resistant boards 6 fixed to surfaces 3d of the plurality of wooden boards 3 facing the steel member 2. When viewed along the direction in which the steel member 2 extends, gaps K are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant boards 6.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to fire-resistant structures and methods of installing fire-resistant structures. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a fire-resistant structure and a method for constructing the fire-resistant structure. The fire-resistant structure includes a steel material, which is a steel pipe material with a rectangular cross section, and a wooden fire-resistant covering material formed in the shape of a hollow square pillar that encloses the steel material. Mounting members are connected to each side of the steel material to which the wooden fire-resistant covering material is attached. The mounting members have an air layer between the steel material and the wooden fire-resistant covering material that surrounds the steel material.

[0003] The wood fire-resistant covering material has wood boards, flame penetration prevention corners, and fire-resistant material. The flame penetration prevention corners are provided at each of the inner corners of the multiple wood boards in a cross section perpendicular to the direction in which the wood boards extend. The flame penetration prevention corners extend in the direction in which the wood boards extend so as to follow each inner corner. The flame penetration prevention corners are made of a material that is less flammable than the wood boards, such as a high-heat-capacity material, a non-combustible material, or wood with a high specific gravity.

[0004] The fire-resistant material is provided on the inner surface of the wooden board portion so as to face the air layer. The fire-resistant material is provided so as to connect a pair of adjacent fire penetration prevention corners. The fire-resistant material is provided discontinuously with respect to adjacent fire-resistant materials. The fire-resistant material is made of gypsum board, reinforced gypsum board, fire-resistant paint, or fire-resistant spray material.

[0005] In a cross section perpendicular to the direction in which the wooden board extends, multiple fire-resistant materials are arranged to surround the steel material. From the outside of the wooden board in this cross section, mounting materials constituting the heat transfer material are driven into the wooden board and the fire-resistant materials, and corner joint materials are driven into the wooden board and the flame penetration prevention corners. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7287562 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In fire-resistant structures using wood, it is necessary to ensure fire resistance and to use as much wood as possible to increase the amount of carbon dioxide fixed. Wood absorbs carbon dioxide during its growth process, and by planting new trees and using wood that has absorbed carbon dioxide as fire-resistant structures, the amount of carbon dioxide fixed increases. When mounting materials are driven into the wooden boards from the outside, as in the fire-resistant structure described above, the parts where the mounting materials are driven in can become weak points in the fire resistance, so there is room for improvement in terms of fire resistance.

[0008] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a fire-resistant structure that can improve fire resistance performance, and a method for installing the fire-resistant structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] (1) The fire-resistant structure according to the present disclosure includes a steel member, a plurality of wooden boards arranged to surround the steel member, and a plurality of fire-resistant boards fixed to the surfaces of the wooden boards facing the steel member. A fire-resistant structure comprising: When viewed along the direction of the steel material, gaps are formed between multiple fireproof plates. When the fire-resistant structure is cut along a horizontal plane, a rectangular frame-shaped steel material arrangement area is formed, and gaps are formed between the fire-resistant board and the wooden board at each of the four corners of the steel material arrangement area. .

[0010] In this fire-resistant structure, multiple wooden boards are arranged to surround the steel material, and fire-resistant boards are provided on the surfaces of the multiple wooden boards facing the steel material. This improves the thermal insulation between the steel material and the wooden boards. Therefore, fire resistance can be improved even if gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards. Furthermore, if no gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards, high construction accuracy is required. In contrast, if gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards when viewed along the extension direction of the steel material, construction can be easily performed.

[0011] (2) In the above (1), the fire-resistant structure may include a fire-resistant member provided between multiple wooden boards. When viewed along the direction in which the steel member extends, the fire-resistant member may extend between multiple wooden boards in the thickness direction of the wooden boards. In this case, the fire-resistant member extends between multiple wooden boards in the thickness direction of the wooden boards. Therefore, by arranging multiple wooden boards to surround the steel member, the amount of wood used can be increased compared to when the fire-resistant member is arranged to surround the steel member.

[0012] (3) In the above (1) or (2), the fire-resistant structure may have an air gap between the steel material and the plurality of wooden boards. In this case, the air gap between the steel material and the wooden boards can improve the heat insulation between the steel material and the wooden boards, thereby further improving the fire resistance.

[0013] (4) In any of the above (1) to (3), the wooden board portion may be U-shaped when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends. In this case, by joining two U-shaped wooden board portions together, the steel material can be surrounded by the two wooden board portions. This increases the amount of wood used and makes it easier to arrange the wooden board portions.

[0014] (5) In any of the above (1) to (4), the fire-resistant structure may include a first metal fitting that secures the lower end of the wooden board to the floor material located at the lower end of the steel material, and a second metal fitting that secures the upper part of the wooden board to the upper part of the steel material. In this case, the lower end of the wooden board can be secured to the floor material by the first metal fitting, and the upper part of the wooden board can be secured to the upper part of the steel material by the second metal fitting.

[0015] (6) In any of the above (1) to (5), the fire-resistant structure may include a third metal fitting that connects the upper ends of the plurality of wooden boards together, and a fourth metal fitting that connects the lower ends of the plurality of wooden boards together. In this case, the third metal fitting can connect the upper ends of the plurality of wooden boards together, and the fourth metal fitting can connect the lower ends of the plurality of wooden boards together.

[0016] (7) A method for installing a fire-resistant structure according to the present disclosure includes a steel member, a plurality of wooden boards, and a plurality of fire-resistant boards. The method for installing a fire-resistant structure includes a step of fixing a fire-resistant board to a surface of each of the plurality of wooden boards facing the steel member, and a step of installing the plurality of wooden boards around the steel member so that gaps are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant boards when viewed along the direction in which the steel member extends. When the fire-resistant structure is cut along a horizontal plane, a rectangular frame-shaped steel material arrangement area is formed, and gaps are formed between the fire-resistant board and the wooden board at each of the four corners of the steel material arrangement area. .

[0017] In this fireproof construction installation method, fireproof boards are fixed to the surfaces of multiple wooden boards facing the steel material, and the multiple wooden boards with the fireproof boards fixed to them are arranged to surround the steel material. This improves the thermal insulation between the steel material and the wooden boards, thereby improving fire resistance even when gaps are formed between the multiple fireproof boards. Furthermore, gaps are formed between the multiple fireproof boards when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends. This makes construction easy.

[0018] (8) In the above (7), the method for installing a fire-resistant structure may include a step of fixing a fire-resistant member to at least one of the plurality of wooden boards. In the step of installing the wooden boards, the plurality of wooden boards may be installed around the steel material so that the fire-resistant member extends in the thickness direction of the wooden boards between the plurality of wooden boards. In this case, the steel material, the wooden boards, and the fire-resistant member are provided, and the plurality of wooden boards are arranged to surround the steel material. The fire-resistant member is provided between the plurality of wooden boards arranged to surround the steel material. This improves the fire resistance between the plurality of wooden boards. The fire-resistant member is arranged to extend in the thickness direction of the wooden boards between the plurality of wooden boards. Therefore, by arranging the plurality of wooden boards to surround the steel material, the amount of wood used can be increased compared to when the fire-resistant member is arranged to surround the steel material.

[0019] (9) In the above (8), each of the plurality of wooden boards may be U-shaped when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends. In the step of fixing the fire-resistant member, the fire-resistant member may be fixed to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden boards. In the step of installing the plurality of wooden boards, the fire-resistant member fixed to one of the pair of wooden boards may be brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of the other of the pair of wooden boards, and the fire-resistant member fixed to the other of the pair of wooden boards may be brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of one of the pair of wooden boards. In this case, the steel material can be surrounded by the pair of U-shaped wooden boards. Furthermore, the steel material can be surrounded by fixing the fire-resistant member to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden boards and connecting the ends of the U-shaped portions of the pair of wooden boards. This facilitates the installation of a fire-resistant structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] According to the present disclosure, fire resistance can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the wooden board portion and the fireproof board material of the fireproof structure of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the steel material, the wooden board portion, and the fireproof board material of the fireproof structure of FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a plurality of wood boards, a plurality of fire-resistant boards, and a fire-resistant member of the fire-resistant structure of FIG. [Figure 5] 5(a) and 5(b) are side views showing the fire-resistant structure of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the upper end of the fire-resistant structure of FIG. [Figure 7] 7(a) and 7(b) are diagrams showing the first metal fittings of the fire-resistant structures of FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b). [Figure 8]8(a) and 8(b) are diagrams showing the second metal fittings of the fire-resistant structures of FIGS. 5(a), 5(b) and 6. FIG. [Figure 9] 9(a) and 9(b) are diagrams showing the third and fourth metal fittings of the fire-resistant structures of FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b). [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an example of a state before the lower end of the wooden board part is fixed to the floor material located at the lower end of the steel material. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a fire-resistant structure according to a first modified example. [Figure 12] 12(a) and 12(b) are diagrams showing a fire-resistant structure according to a second modified example. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a fire-resistant structure according to a third modified example. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a fire-resistant structure according to a fourth modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] Hereinafter, embodiments of the fire-resistant structure and the installation method of the fire-resistant structure according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations will be omitted as appropriate. The drawings may be partially simplified or exaggerated for ease of understanding, and the dimensional ratios and the like are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

[0023] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a fire-resistant structure 1 according to an embodiment, cut along a horizontal plane. The fire-resistant structure 1 has steel members 2, a wooden board portion 3, and fire-resistant members 4. In plan view, for example, the steel members 2 have a rectangular frame shape with rounded corners. As an example, the steel members 2 are square steel pipes. The steel members 2 may also be steel frame members. For example, the steel members 2 are steel frame columns. Furthermore, the steel members 2 may also be CFT columns, and the type of steel member 2 is not particularly limited.

[0024] The fire-resistant structure 1 has a plurality of wooden boards 3. The plurality of wooden boards 3 are arranged to surround the steel material 2. For example, the wooden boards 3 are U-shaped in plan view. In this case, the U-shaped ends of the pair of wooden boards 3 are joined to form a rectangular frame-shaped steel material placement area 3b. The steel material placement area 3b is an internal space that is formed by the pair of U-shaped wooden boards 3 and has a rectangular frame shape in plan view, and the steel material 2 is placed in the steel material placement area 3b.

[0025] The fire-resistant structure 1 has an air space 5 located between the steel material 2 and the plurality of wooden boards 3 (steel arrangement area 3b). In a plan view, the air space 5 surrounds the steel material 2 and is also surrounded by the plurality of wooden boards 3. The wooden boards 3 are wooden fire-resistant covering materials that further surround the air space 5 that surrounds the steel material 2. The wooden boards 3 are composed of, for example, a plurality of boards 3c.

[0026] The plurality of plate materials 3c includes, for example, a plurality of first plate materials 3c1 and a plurality of second plate materials 3c2. The first plate material 3c1 has a rectangular shape having long sides extending in a first direction D1 in a plan view and short sides extending in a second direction D2 that intersects with the first direction D1 in a plan view. The second plate material 3c2 has a rectangular shape having long sides extending in the second direction D2 in a plan view and short sides extending in the first direction D1 in a plan view.

[0027] For example, the first direction D1 is a horizontal direction, and the second direction D2 is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the first direction D1. The steel material 2 extends in a third direction D3 that intersects both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The third direction D3 is, for example, perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. As an example, the third direction D3 is a vertical direction.

[0028] The wooden board 3 has a pair of first boards 3c1 arranged in the second direction D2 and a plurality of second boards 3c2 positioned between the ends of the pair of first boards 3c1 in the first direction D1. As an example, the wooden board 3 is composed of two first boards 3c1 and three second boards 3c2. In this case, three second boards 3c2 are arranged in the second direction D2 between the ends of the two first boards 3c1 in the first direction D1. The above describes an example in which the wooden board 3 is composed of two first boards 3c1 and three second boards 3c2. However, the number, shape, and arrangement of the boards 3c in the wooden board 3 are not particularly limited.

[0029] Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the plurality of wooden boards 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the steel material 2 and a portion of the plurality of boards 3c in Fig. 1. As shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the fire-resistant structure 1 has fire-resistant boards 6 provided on surfaces 3d of the plurality of wooden boards 3 facing the steel material 2, and corner fittings 7 provided at each corner of the steel material arrangement area 3b in a plan view. Surface 3d is the inner surface of the steel material arrangement area 3b in a plan view.

[0030] The fire-resistant board 6 is, for example, a calcium silicate board. The fire-resistant board 6 is arranged so as to straddle the surfaces 3d of the plurality of boards 3c. The fire-resistant structure 1 has a plurality of screws 8 that fix the fire-resistant boards 6 to the wooden board portion 3. For example, the fire-resistant structure 1 has six fire-resistant boards 6, and three fire-resistant boards 6 are attached to one wooden board portion 3. For example, one fire-resistant board 6 is attached to the surface 3d of the first board 3c1, and the fire-resistant board 6 is fixed to the surface 3d of the board 3c with a plurality of screws 8 (for example, two).

[0031] For example, one fire-resistant plate 6 is attached so as to straddle multiple second plates 3c2. For example, the fire-resistant plate 6 is attached so as to straddle three second plates 3c2. The fire-resistant plate 6 is fixed to the surface 3d of the second plate 3c2 with screws 8. The screws 8 fix the fire-resistant plate 6 to the second plate 3c2 on both sides of the second plate 3c2 in the second direction D2, for example.

[0032] The fire-resistant structure 1 has a plurality of fire-resistant boards 6, which are fixed to surfaces 3d of the plurality of wooden board sections 3 that face the steel members 2. When viewed along the third direction D3, gaps K are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant boards 6. The gaps K extend continuously in the third direction D3. For example, when viewed along the third direction D3, gaps K are formed at each of the corners (for example, the four corners) of the plurality of wooden board sections 3 (steel member arrangement areas 3b).

[0033] The corner hardware 7 is made of, for example, a bent steel plate. The corner hardware 7 is fixed to each surface 3d of the first plate 3c1 and the second plate 3c2 together with the fire-resistant plate 6 by screws 8. The corner hardware 7 is located, for example, on the inside of the fire-resistant plate 6 when viewed along the third direction D3. As an example, two screws 8 are driven into the corner hardware 7, the fire-resistant plate 6, and the first plate 3c1, and two screws 8 are driven into the corner hardware 7, the fire-resistant plate 6, and the second plate 3c2.

[0034] As an example, in the fire-resistant structure 1, the screws 8 are not driven from the outside in a plan view. In this case, the screws 8 are prevented from becoming thermal bridges, further improving the heat insulating performance. For example, multiple corner fittings 7 are lined up along the third direction D3. As an example, multiple corner fittings 7 are arranged at equal intervals along the third direction D3, and the intervals between the corner fittings 7 lined up along the third direction D3 are 800 mm.

[0035] As described above, the plurality of fire-resistant boards 6 and the plurality of corner fittings 7 are fixed to the surfaces 3d of the plurality of first boards 3c1 and the surfaces 3d of the plurality of boards 3c, thereby integrating the wooden board portion 3 that is U-shaped in plan view. As a result, the wooden board portion 3 is U-shaped (in plan view) when viewed along the third direction D3, which is the direction in which the steel materials 2 extend.

[0036] FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of multiple wooden boards 3, multiple fire-resistant boards 6, and fire-resistant members 4. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the fire-resistant members 4 are provided between the multiple wooden boards 3. When viewed along the third direction D3, which is the direction in which the steel material 2 extends, the fire-resistant members 4 extend in the thickness direction D4 of the wooden boards 3 between the multiple wooden boards 3. As an example, the fire-resistant members 4 are provided between a pair of first boards 3c1. The fire-resistant members 4 extend in the second direction D2 between the pair of first boards 3c1. For example, the second direction D2 coincides with the thickness direction D4.

[0037] The fire-resistant member 4 is, for example, an expandable fire-resistant sheet (high-temperature expandable fire-resistant sheet). The fire-resistant member 4 may expand in the event of a fire to form an insulating layer between the multiple wooden boards 3. The fire-resistant member 4 expands several tens of times due to the heat of the fire, for example, to form an insulating layer, thereby filling the gaps between the multiple boards 3c and blocking heat from penetrating into the air layer 5 through the gaps. In this way, the fire-resistant member 4 expands to exhibit fire resistance. As an example, the fire-resistant member 4 contains ammonium polyphosphate. In this case, the fire-resistant member 4 exhibits high flame retardancy. However, the material of the fire-resistant member 4 can be changed as appropriate.

[0038] A gap S is formed between the fire-resistant board 6 fixed to the surface 3d of the wooden board 3 located on one side in the first direction D1 as viewed from the fire-resistant member 4, and the fire-resistant board 6 fixed to the surface 3d of the wooden board 3 located on the other side in the first direction D1 as viewed from the fire-resistant member 4. The end face of the fire-resistant board 6 in the first direction D1 is recessed further away from the fire-resistant member 4 than the end face of the wooden board 3 in the first direction D1.

[0039] Because the end faces of the fire-resistant boards 6 are recessed from the end faces of the wooden boards 3, collisions between the fire-resistant boards 6 can be avoided when joining multiple wooden boards 3. For example, the length X (length in the first direction D1) of the gap S is greater than the thickness (length in the first direction D1) of the fire-resistant member 4. As an example, the upper limit of the length of the gap S is 10 mm. In this case, the gap S can be closed by the expanded fire-resistant member 4, thereby improving the fire resistance between the pair of fire-resistant boards 6.

[0040] FIG. 5(a) is a side view of the fire-resistant structure 1 when viewed along the second direction D2. FIG. 5(b) is a side view of the fire-resistant structure 1 when viewed along the first direction D1. In FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the fire-resistant structure 1 includes H-beam steel members 9 instead of the steel members 2. In this manner, the type of steel member of the fire-resistant structure 1 can be changed as appropriate. The steel members 9 have, for example, a web 9b extending in the first direction D1 and the third direction D3, and a pair of flanges 9c extending in the second direction D2 and the third direction D3 at each end of the web 9b in the first direction D1.

[0041] The fire-resistant structure 1 has a plurality of metal fittings 10 that join the various parts of the fire-resistant structure 1 together. For example, the plurality of metal fittings 10 include a first metal fitting 11 that secures the lower end of the wooden board portion 3 to the floor material F located at the lower end of the steel material 9, a second metal fitting 12 that secures the upper part of the wooden board portion 3 to the upper part of the steel material 9 (the column capital), a third metal fitting 13 that connects the upper ends of the plurality of wooden board portions 3 together, and a fourth metal fitting 14 that connects the lower ends of the plurality of wooden board portions 3 together.

[0042] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the upper portion of the fire-resistant structure 1. As shown in FIGS. 5(a), 5(b), and 6, for example, steel material 9 protrudes upward from the wooden board portion 3. As an example, the metal fittings 10 include a fifth metal fitting 15 fixed to the steel material 9. In this case, the second metal fitting 12 fixed to the top of the wooden board portion 3 is fixed to the top of the steel material 9 via the fifth metal fitting 15. Below, an example of details of the first metal fitting 11, the second metal fitting 12, the third metal fitting 13, the fourth metal fitting 14, and the fifth metal fitting 15 will be described.

[0043] 7(a) and 7(b) are diagrams showing the first metal fitting 11. As shown in Fig. 5(b), Fig. 7(a), and Fig. 7(b), the first metal fitting 11 has a C-shaped insertion portion 11b into which the wooden board portion 3 fits, and an extension portion 11c extending from the left end of the C of the insertion portion 11b. The insertion portion 11b and the extension portion 11c are F-shaped.

[0044] The first metal fitting 11 has a rectangular first plate portion 11d, a second plate portion 11f extending from one longitudinal end of the first plate portion 11d in a direction intersecting the first plate portion 11d, and a third plate portion 11g extending from a longitudinal midpoint of the first plate portion 11d in a direction intersecting the first plate portion 11d. An insertion portion 11b is formed in an area surrounded by a part of the first plate portion 11d, the second plate portion 11f, and the third plate portion 11g, and an extension portion 11c is formed by the remaining part of the first plate portion 11d.

[0045] The extension portion 11c has a hole 11h into which a bolt is inserted to attach the first metal fitting 11 to the floor material F. The floor material F has, for example, an insert into which the bolt is screwed. The first metal fitting 11 is fixed to the floor material F by aligning the position of the hole 11h with the position of the insert and then screwing the bolt inserted into the hole 11h into the insert. The hole 11h penetrates the extension portion 11c in the thickness direction of the extension portion 11c. The hole 11h is, for example, an elongated hole.

[0046] 8(a) and 8(b) are diagrams showing the second metal fitting 12. As shown in FIGS. 6, 8(a), and 8(b), the second metal fitting 12 has a first opposing portion 12b that faces the wood board portion 3 and a second opposing portion 12c that faces the fifth metal fitting 15. The first opposing portion 12b and the second opposing portion 12c are rectangular plate-shaped. The second opposing portion 12c extends from one long side of the first opposing portion 12b in a direction that intersects with the first opposing portion 12b. When viewed along the longitudinal direction of the second metal fitting 12, the first opposing portion 12b and the second opposing portion 12c are L-shaped.

[0047] The first opposing portion 12b has a first hole 12d into which a screw is inserted to fix the second metal fitting 12 to the wooden board portion 3. The first hole 12d penetrates the first opposing portion 12b in the thickness direction of the first opposing portion 12b. The first opposing portion 12b has, for example, a plurality of first holes 12d. The plurality of first holes 12d are aligned along the longitudinal direction of the first opposing portion 12b.

[0048] The second opposing portion 12c has a second hole 12f into which a bolt is inserted to secure the second metal member 12 to the fifth metal member 15. The second hole 12f penetrates the second opposing portion 12c in the thickness direction of the second opposing portion 12c. The inner diameter of the second hole 12f is larger than the inner diameter of the first hole 12d. The first hole 12d is formed on one side (e.g., the lower side) of the second metal member 12 in the longitudinal direction, and the second hole 12f is formed on the other side (e.g., the upper side) of the second metal member 12 in the longitudinal direction.

[0049] The fifth metal fitting 15 has a first fixing portion 15b that is fixed to the steel material 9 and a second fixing portion 15c that is fixed to the second metal fitting 12. The first fixing portion 15b and the second fixing portion 15c are rectangular plate-shaped. The second fixing portion 15c extends from one side of the first fixing portion 15b in a direction that intersects with the first fixing portion 15b. For example, the first fixing portion 15b and the second fixing portion 15c are L-shaped in a plan view.

[0050] The first fixing portion 15b is fixed to the steel material 9 by, for example, welding. The second fixing portion 15c protrudes from the first fixing portion 15b and has a hole into which a bolt is inserted to fix the second hardware 12 to the fifth hardware 15. With the second hole 12f of the second hardware 12 aligned with this hole, a bolt B is inserted through this hole and the second hole 12f, and the bolt B is tightened by a nut, thereby fixing the second hardware 12 to the fifth hardware 15.

[0051] 9(a) and 9(b) are diagrams showing the third metal member 13 and the fourth metal member 14. As shown in Fig. 5(a), Fig. 9(a) and Fig. 9(b), for example, the same metal member can be used as the third metal member 13 and the fourth metal member 14. Therefore, detailed description of the fourth metal member 14 will be omitted below.

[0052] The third metal fitting 13 has an insertion portion 13b into which multiple wooden boards 3 are inserted. The insertion portion 13b is U-shaped. The third metal fitting 13 has a rectangular first board portion 13c, a second board portion 13d extending from one end of the first board portion 13c in the short direction in a direction intersecting with the first board portion 13c, and a third board portion 13f extending from the end of the second board portion 13d opposite the first board portion 13c in a direction intersecting with the second board portion 13d. The insertion portion 13b is formed in the area surrounded by the first board portion 13c, the second board portion 13d, and the third board portion 13f.

[0053] A pair of wooden boards 3 fit into the insertion portion 13b. The third metal fitting 13 has a first hole 13h through which a screw for fixing the third metal fitting 13 to one of the pair of wooden boards 3 is inserted, and a second hole 13j through which a screw for fixing the third metal fitting 13 to the other of the pair of wooden boards 3 is inserted. One wooden board 3 is inserted into a position facing the first hole 13h of the insertion portion 13b, and the other wooden board 3 is inserted into a position facing the second hole 13j of the insertion portion 13b. With this state, screws are driven into the first hole 13h and the second hole 13j, respectively, to connect the pair of wooden boards 3 to each other. For example, the third metal fitting 13 has a plurality of first holes 13h and a plurality of second holes 13j. The plurality of first holes 13h and the plurality of second holes 13j are aligned along the longitudinal direction of the third metal fitting 13.

[0054] The above has described the details of the first metal fitting 11, the second metal fitting 12, the third metal fitting 13, the fourth metal fitting 14, and the fifth metal fitting 15. However, the shapes and sizes of the first metal fitting 11, the second metal fitting 12, the third metal fitting 13, the fourth metal fitting 14, and the fifth metal fitting 15 are not limited to the above examples, and can be changed as appropriate.

[0055] Next, an installation method according to this embodiment will be described. An example of a method for installing a fire-resistant structure 1 including steel members 2, a plurality of wooden boards 3, and fire-resistant members 4 provided between the plurality of wooden boards 3 will be described below. First, as shown in Fig. 10, steel members 9 are erected on top of floor material F (step of erecting steel members).

[0056] Next, the wooden boards 3 are fabricated. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, a fire-resistant board 6 is fixed to the surface 3d of each of the plurality of wooden boards 3 facing the steel material 2 (step of fixing the fire-resistant board). For example, a plurality of boards 3c are arranged so as to form a U-shape in plan view, and a plurality of fire-resistant boards 6 and corner hardware 7 are fixed with screws 8 to the inside (surface 3d) of the plurality of boards 3c in plan view. Then, a fire-resistant member 4 is fixed to one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the wooden board 3 (step of fixing the fire-resistant member), thereby fabricating a wooden board 3 having a U-shape in plan view. In this manner, two wooden boards 3 are fabricated.

[0057] As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the first metal fittings 11 that determine the position of the wooden board portion 3 on the base side are fixed to the floor material F (step of fixing the first metal fittings to the floor material). For example, the first metal fittings 11 are placed on the floor material F, and bolts are inserted into the holes 11h of the extension portions 11c to fix the first metal fittings 11 to the floor material F. As an example, the first metal fittings 11 are fixed to each of the four sides of a rectangular area of ​​the floor material F in plan view where the wooden board portion 3 is to be placed.

[0058] A fourth metal fitting 14 is fixed to one longitudinal end of one of the two wooden boards 3. Then, one of the wooden boards 3 is erected with the fourth metal fitting 14 facing downward and oriented to surround the side of the steel material 9 (a process of installing a wooden board around the steel material). As shown in FIG. 1, the wooden board 3 is installed so that gaps K are formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards 6 when viewed along the third direction D3. Then, one of the wooden boards 3 is inserted into the insertion portion 11b of the first metal fitting 11 (see FIG. 7). This determines the position of the one of the wooden boards 3 relative to the floor material F.

[0059] The wooden board part 3 may be erected manually or by a crane and a lever hoist. When erecting the wooden board part 3 by a crane and a lever hoist, a hanging jig (hook part) for hooking the lever hoist may be provided on the wooden board part 3. In this case, the hanging jig is provided on the thickness surface or the inside of the U-shaped part of the wooden board part 3. One example of this hanging jig is a long eye screw.

[0060] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the second metal fitting 12 is fixed to the capital part of one of the wooden board parts 3, and the fifth metal fitting 15 is fixed to the steel material 9. The second metal fitting 12 may be fixed to the wooden board part 3 in advance, or the fifth metal fitting 15 may be fixed to the capital part of the steel material 9 by welding in advance. For example, the second metal fitting 12 is fixed to the wooden board part 3 by driving a screw into the first hole 12d with the second metal fitting 12 placed on the wooden board part 3. Then, the second metal fitting 12 fixed to the wooden board part 3 is fixed to the fifth metal fitting 15 fixed to the steel material 9 with a bolt. This fixes one of the wooden board parts 3 to the capital part of the steel material 9.

[0061] Then, the other of the two wooden boards 3 is erected in a direction that surrounds the side of the steel material 9 and inserted into the insertion portion 11b of the first metal fitting 11, and the position of the other wooden board 3 relative to the floor material F is determined (the process of installing the wooden boards around the steel material). As described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the wooden boards 3 are installed so that gaps K are formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards 6 when viewed along the third direction D3. At this time, the fire-resistant members 4 fixed to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the other wooden board 3 in a plan view are brought into contact with either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of one of the wooden boards 3 in a plan view, so that the side of the steel material 9 is surrounded by the pair of wooden boards 3. The fire-resistant member 4 fixed to one of the pair of wooden board portions 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of the other of the pair of wooden board portions 3, and the fire-resistant member 4 fixed to the other of the pair of wooden board portions 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of one of the pair of wooden board portions 3.

[0062] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the second metal fitting 12 fixed to the other wooden board part 3 is fixed with a bolt to the fifth metal fitting 15 fixed to the steel material 9, and the other wooden board part 3 is fixed to the column capital part of the steel material 9. Then, the third metal fitting 13 connecting the upper ends of the pair of wooden board parts 3 is placed, and the third metal fitting 13 is fixed to both of the pair of wooden board parts 3 (step of fixing the third metal fitting). After that, the series of steps in the installation method for the fire-resistant structure 1 is completed.

[0063] Next, the effects obtained from the fire-resistant structure 1 and installation method according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, in the fire-resistant structure 1 and installation method according to this embodiment, multiple wooden boards 3 are arranged to surround the steel material 2, and fire-resistant boards 6 are provided on the surfaces 3d of the multiple wooden boards 3 facing the steel material 2. This improves the thermal insulation between the steel material 2 and the wooden boards 3. Therefore, fire resistance can be improved even if gaps K are formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards 6. Furthermore, if gaps K are not formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards 6, high construction accuracy is required. In contrast, if gaps K are formed between the multiple fire-resistant boards 6 when viewed along the extension direction of the steel material 2 (third direction D3), construction can be easily performed.

[0064] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 comprises steel members 2 (or steel members 9), wooden board members 3, and fire-resistant members 4, and the plurality of wooden board members 3 are arranged to surround the steel members 2. The installation method for the fire-resistant structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a step of fixing the fire-resistant members 4 to at least one of the plurality of wooden board members 3. Thus, the fire-resistant members 4 are provided between the plurality of wooden board members 3 arranged to surround the steel members 2. This improves the fire resistance performance between the plurality of wooden board members 3. The fire-resistant members 4 extend in the thickness direction D4 of the wooden board members 3 between the plurality of wooden board members 3. Therefore, with the plurality of wooden board members 3 arranged to surround the steel members 2, the amount of wood used can be increased compared to when the fire-resistant members 4 are arranged to surround the steel members 2.

[0065] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 has an air layer 5 located between the steel material 2 and the plurality of wooden boards 3. In this case, the air layer 5 located between the steel material 2 and the wooden boards 3 can improve the heat insulation between the steel material 2 and the wooden boards 3, thereby further improving the fire resistance performance.

[0066] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 includes fire-resistant boards 6 fixed to the surfaces 3d (inner surfaces) of the plurality of wooden boards 3 that face the steel material 2. In this case, by providing the fire-resistant boards 6 on the surfaces 3d of the plurality of wooden boards 3 that face the steel material 2, it is possible to improve the heat insulation between the steel material 2 and the wooden boards 3. This further improves the fire resistance performance.

[0067] In this embodiment, the wooden board portion 3 is U-shaped when viewed along the third direction D3 in which the steel material 2 extends. In this case, by joining two U-shaped wooden board portions 3 together, the steel material 2 can be surrounded by the two wooden board portions 3. This allows for a greater amount of wood to be used and makes it easier to arrange the wooden board portions 3.

[0068] 5(a) and 5(b), the fire-resistant structure 1 in this embodiment includes a first metal fitting 11 that secures the lower end of the wooden board 3 to the floor material F located at the lower end of the steel material 2, and a second metal fitting 12 that secures the upper part of the wooden board 3 to the upper part of the steel material 2. In this case, the lower end of the wooden board 3 can be secured to the floor material by the first metal fitting 11, and the upper part of the wooden board 3 can be secured to the upper part of the steel material 2 by the second metal fitting 12.

[0069] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 includes a third metal fitting 13 that connects the upper ends of the plurality of wooden boards 3 together, and a fourth metal fitting 14 that connects the lower ends of the plurality of wooden boards 3 together. In this case, the third metal fitting 13 can connect the upper ends of the plurality of wooden boards 3 together, and the fourth metal fitting 14 can connect the lower ends of the plurality of wooden boards 3 together.

[0070] In the installation method according to this embodiment, in the step of fixing the fire-resistant member 4, the fire-resistant member 4 is fixed to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden boards 3. In the step of installing the plurality of wooden boards 3, the fire-resistant member 4 fixed to one of the pair of wooden boards 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of the other of the pair of wooden boards 3, and the fire-resistant member 4 fixed to the other of the pair of wooden boards 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of one of the pair of wooden boards 3. In this case, the steel material 2 can be surrounded by the pair of U-shaped wooden boards 3. Furthermore, by fixing the fire-resistant member 4 to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden boards 3 and connecting the ends of the U-shaped portions of the pair of wooden boards 3, the steel material 2 can be surrounded. This facilitates the installation of the fire-resistant structure 1.

[0071] Next, modified examples of the fire-resistant structure according to the present disclosure will be described. Some configurations of the fire-resistant structures according to the modified examples described below are the same as some configurations of the fire-resistant structure 1 described above. Therefore, in the following, descriptions that overlap with the configuration of the fire-resistant structure 1 described above will be omitted as appropriate. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing a fire-resistant structure 1A according to a first modified example.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 11, the fireproof structure 1A further includes fireproof members 4A positioned between the multiple boards 3c. The fireproof members 4A are sandwiched between the end of the second board 3c2 in the second direction D2 and the first board 3c1. The fireproof members 4A are arranged in the corners of the fireproof structure 1A. When fireproof boards 6 are placed in the corners of the wooden board portion 3 in a plan view, a gap H may be formed between the pair of fireproof boards 6 in the corner. The fireproof members 4A are arranged between the two boards 3c in a position that closes the gap H. By arranging the fireproof members 4A in this manner, the fireproof performance of the fireproof structure 1A can be further improved.

[0073] 12(a) and 12(b) show a fire-resistant structure 1B according to a second modification. In the fire-resistant structure 1B, the end 3f of the U-shaped portion of the wooden board 3 is crank-shaped. The end 3f includes a first surface 3f1 extending from the outer surface 3h of the U-shaped portion of the wooden board 3, a second surface 3f2 extending from the end of the first surface 3f1 opposite the outer surface 3h, and a third surface 3f3 extending from the end of the second surface 3f2 opposite the first surface 3f1 to the inner surface 3j of the U-shaped portion of the wooden board 3. The first surface 3f1 extends from the outer surface 3h toward the inner surface 3j. The second surface 3f2 extends along the outer surface 3h and the inner surface 3j. The third surface 3f3 extends from the end of the second surface 3f2 to the inner surface 3j.

[0074] The fireproof structure 1B includes a fireproof member 4B disposed on the crank-shaped end 3f. In the example shown in FIG. 12(a), the fireproof member 4B is fixed to the third surface 3f3. Alternatively, as shown in the example shown in FIG. 12(b), the fireproof member 4B may be fixed to the second surface 3f2. By disposing the fireproof member 4B on the crank-shaped end 3f in this manner, even if the outside of the fireproof structure 1B is exposed to high temperatures, it is possible to prevent heat from entering the interior of the fireproof structure 1B.

[0075] Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a fire-resistant structure 1C according to a third modification. As shown in Fig. 13, the fire-resistant structure 1C has two wooden boards 33 that are different in shape. The two wooden boards 33 are a first wooden board 33A that is U-shaped in a plan view and a second wooden board 33B that extends linearly in a plan view. The second wooden board 33B extends from one end of the U-shaped portion of the first wooden board 33A to the other end.

[0076] The fire-resistant structure 1C has metal fittings 34 located at the corners of the fire-resistant structure 1C in a plan view and connecting the first wooden board portion 33A and the second wooden board portion 33B to each other. The metal fittings 34 are L-shaped in a plan view. The metal fittings 34 cover the upper ends of the first wooden board portion 33A and the second wooden board portion 33B and are fixed to the first wooden board portion 33A and the second wooden board portion 33B with screws. This connects the first wooden board portion 33A and the second wooden board portion 33B to each other via the metal fittings 34.

[0077] The installation method for fire-resistant structure 1C is the same as the installation method for fire-resistant structure 1 described above. In the installation method for fire-resistant structure 1C, for example, first erect the first wooden board part 33A, which is U-shaped in plan view, and place the first wooden board part 33A on the floor material F so as to surround the steel material 9. Then, erect the second wooden board part 33B, which is a rectangular plate, and place the second wooden board part 33B on the floor material F so as to surround the steel material 9 together with the first wooden board part 33A. Then, as described above, the first wooden board part 33A and the second wooden board part 33B are connected to each other with the metal fittings 34. This completes the series of steps in the installation method for fire-resistant structure 1C.

[0078] Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a fire-resistant structure 1D according to a fourth modified example. As shown in Fig. 14, the fire-resistant structure 1D has two wooden boards 43. The two wooden boards 43 are a first wooden board 43A that is L-shaped in a plan view and a second wooden board 43B that is L-shaped in a plan view.

[0079] One end of the L-shape of the second wooden board portion 43B is fixed to one end of the L-shape of the first wooden board portion 43A with a screw V1, and the other end of the second wooden board portion 43B is fixed to the other end of the L-shape of the first wooden board portion 43A with a screw V2. The screw V1 is driven into the first wooden board portion 43A and the second wooden board portion 43B along the second direction D2, and the screw V2 is driven into the second wooden board portion 43B and the first wooden board portion 43A in the direction opposite to D2.

[0080] As described above, the fire-resistant structure 1D according to the fourth modification provides the same effects as the fire-resistant structure 1. Each of the first wooden board portion 43A and the second wooden board portion 43B may be made up of multiple boards 3c as described above (see FIG. 1), or may be integral.

[0081] The above describes embodiments and various modifications of the fire-resistant structure and installation method according to the present disclosure. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible within the scope of the appended claims. The shape, size, number, materials, and arrangement of each component of the fire-resistant structure, as well as the content and order of the steps of the installation method, may be modified as appropriate within the scope of the above-described gist. For example, with respect to the fire-resistant members 4 described above, multiple fire-resistant members 4 may be arranged at intervals in the third direction D3 (the depth direction in the drawing). That is, the fire-resistant members 4 may not be continuous in the third direction D3, but may be arranged intermittently in the third direction D3, for example, with intervals sufficient to allow the fire-resistant members 4 to expand when exposed to heat.

[0082] In the above-described embodiment, the wooden board portion 3 is configured from two first boards 3c1 and three second boards 3c2. However, the number, shape, and arrangement of the boards that configure the wooden board portion are not particularly limited. For example, the wooden board portion may be configured from a single board.

[0083] In the above-described embodiment, an example was described in which the flooring material F has an insert into which a bolt is screwed, and the first hardware 11 is fixed to the flooring material F by inserting a bolt into the hole 11h while aligning the position of the hole 11h with the position of the insert and screwing it into the insert. However, the flooring material F does not have to have an insert, and the first hardware 11 may be fixed to the flooring material F by drilling a hole in the flooring material F on-site and screwing a bolt inserted into the hole 11h into the hole. In this way, the methods of fixing hardware to flooring materials, fixing hardware to wooden boards, fixing hardware to steel materials, and fixing hardware to each other are not particularly limited and can be changed as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0084] 1,1A,1B,1C,1D...Fireproof structure, 2...Steel material, 3...Wood board part, 3b...Steel material arrangement area, 3c...Plate material, 3c1...1st plate material, 3c2...2nd board Material, 3d...surface, 3f...end, 3f1...first surface, 3f2...second surface, 3f3...third surface, 3h...outer surface, 3j...inner surface, 4,4A,4B...fireproof member, 5... Air layer, 6... Fireproof plate material, 7... Corner hardware, 8... Screw, 9... Steel material, 9b... Web, 9c... Flange, 10... Hardware, 11... First hardware, 11b... Insertion part, 11c...extending part, 11d...first plate part, 11f...second plate part, 11g...third plate part, 11h...hole, 12...second hardware, 12b...first opposing part, 1 2c...second opposing portion, 12d...first hole, 12f...second hole, 13...third metal fitting, 13b...insertion portion, 13c...first board portion, 13d...second board portion, 13f...third board portion, 13h...first hole, 13j...second hole, 14...fourth metal fitting, 15...fifth metal fitting, 15b...first fixing portion, 15c...second fixing portion, 33...wooden board portion, 33A...first wooden board portion, 33B...second wooden board portion, 34...metal fitting, 43...wooden board portion, 43A...first wooden board portion, 43B...second wooden board portion, B...bolt, D1...first direction, D2...second direction, D3...third direction, D4...board thickness direction, F...flooring material, K...gap, H,S...gap, V1,V2...screw, X...length.

Claims

1. Steel and A plurality of wooden boards arranged to surround the steel material; A plurality of fire-resistant boards fixed to the surfaces of the plurality of wood boards facing the steel material; A fire-resistant structure comprising: When viewed along the extending direction of the steel material, gaps are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant plate materials, When the fire-resistant structure is cut along a plane extending horizontally, a rectangular frame-shaped steel material arrangement area is formed, and the gap is formed between the fire-resistant board and the wooden board portion at each of the four corners of the steel material arrangement area, When viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends, the wood board portion is U-shaped. Fireproof construction.

2. a fire-resistant member provided between the plurality of wood board portions; When viewed along the extending direction of the steel material, the fire-resistant member extends in the thickness direction of the wood board portion between the plurality of wood board portions.

2. The fire-resistant structure of claim 1.

3. An air layer is provided between the steel material and the plurality of wood board portions. The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1 or 2.

4. a first metal fitting for fixing the lower end of the wooden board portion to a floor material located at the lower end of the steel material; A second metal fitting that fixes the upper part of the wooden board part to the upper part of the steel material; Equipped with The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1 or 2.

5. A third metal fitting that connects the upper ends of the plurality of wooden board portions to each other; A fourth metal fitting that connects the lower ends of the plurality of wooden board portions to each other; Equipped with The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1 or 2.

6. A method for installing a fire-resistant structure including a steel member, a plurality of wood boards, and a plurality of fire-resistant boards, a step of fixing the fire-resistant board to a surface of each of the plurality of wood board portions facing the steel material; a step of installing a plurality of the wood boards around the steel material so that gaps are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant boards when viewed along the extending direction of the steel material; Equipped with When the fire-resistant structure is cut along a plane extending horizontally, a rectangular frame-shaped steel material arrangement area is formed, and the gap is formed between the fire-resistant board and the wooden board portion at each of the four corners of the steel material arrangement area, a step of fixing a fire-resistant member to at least one of the plurality of wood board portions, In the step of installing the wooden boards, the wooden boards are installed around the steel material so that the fire-resistant members extend in the thickness direction of the wooden boards between the wooden boards, Each of the plurality of wooden board portions is U-shaped when viewed along the extending direction of the steel material, In the step of fixing the fire-resistant member, the fire-resistant member is fixed to one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden boards, In the step of installing the plurality of wood boards, The fire-resistant member fixed to one of the pair of wooden boards is brought into contact with an end of the U-shaped portion of the other of the pair of wooden boards, The fire-resistant member fixed to the other of the pair of wooden boards is brought into contact with an end of the U-shaped portion of one of the pair of wooden boards. Installation method.

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