Concrete pouring management method and radio communication device

Abstract

Provided is a wireless communication device which can measure a state amount of concrete also during a period from separation of a formwork until achievement of a predetermined strength, and with which defect of the concrete after detachment of the communication device is not caused easily. This wireless communication device 40 comprises a temperature sensor S2 which measures the temperature of concrete C on the inside of sheathing boards 1, 2 in contact and wirelessly transmits a signal S2 of the temperature sensor. This wireless communication device 40 comprises a flange 3 which includes, in an opening 1a formed in the sheathing board 1, a bottom surface 3a flushing with a contact surface 3a of the opening 1a, an insertion portion 5 which protrudes from the flange 3 to the inside of a formwork, has a tapered conical shape, and holds the temperature sensor S2, and a head portion 4 which is exposed from the flange 3 to the outside of the formwork and has a smaller diameter than that of the flange 3, and this wireless communication device 40 is integrated with the concrete C by fixing tools 6 fixing the head portion 4 to the sheathing board 1 in a period until the separation of the formwork and, after the separation of the formwork, is integrated with the concrete C by the hardened and shrunk concrete C holding the insertion portion 5.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wireless communication device that measures the temperature of concrete being poured into a formwork at a construction site, and a concrete pouring management method using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] The applicant has already proposed and put into practical use a technology that not only measures the surface temperature of the concrete itself being poured into a formwork and enables the formwork to be released based on objective data, but also ensures that no foreign matter remains in the concrete after release (see, for example, Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5734785).

[0003] They have also proposed a technique for calculating the effective age of concrete more accurately by adding a humidity term (see Patent Document 2: JP 2022-11757 A).

[0004] Generally, the age of a concrete structure is often considered to be 28 days after pouring, but the applicant's system is based on the premise that the sensor is supported integrally with the formwork. Therefore, the current system has the problem that it cannot measure the condition of the concrete after the formwork has been removed.

[0005] The method of mixing RFID chips with sensors into concrete eliminates these limitations. However, the presence of large quantities of RFID chips, which are foreign objects, in concrete can lead to future problems such as cracks and should be avoided. This is particularly problematic when RFID chips are present near the surface of the concrete.

[0006] Furthermore, if a wired connection is assumed as in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-13013), it is difficult to use, unrealistic, and not practical, given that many formworks are used simultaneously on site. [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5734785 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-11757 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-13013 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a wireless communication device and a concrete pouring management method using the same that can measure the state of concrete not only when the formwork is assembled, but also after the formwork is released and until the concrete reaches a predetermined strength, and that is less likely to cause defects in the concrete even after removal. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The wireless communication device of the first invention is a wireless communication device that has a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the concrete in the formwork that it comes into contact with and transmits the temperature sensor signal wirelessly. It has a flange that is attached to an opening formed in the sheathing that makes up the formwork and has a bottom surface that is flush with the contact surface of the opening, an insertion portion that protrudes from the flange into the inside of the formwork, has a tapered cone shape, and holds the temperature sensor, and a head portion that is exposed from the flange to the outside of the formwork and has a smaller diameter than the flange. Until the formwork is released, the head portion is fixed to the sheathing with a fixing device, thereby becoming one with the concrete, and after the formwork is released, the hardened and shrunk concrete grasps the insertion portion, thereby becoming one with the concrete.

[0009] In this configuration, first, an opening is formed in at least one of a pair of sheathing boards that make up the formwork, and the flange of the wireless communication device is fitted into this opening.

[0010] This causes a tapered cone-shaped insertion portion to protrude from the flange of the communication device to the inside of the formwork, and also causes a head portion with a smaller diameter than the flange to be exposed from the flange to the outside of the formwork.

[0011] Once the above preparations are complete, concrete is poured into the formwork.

[0012] While measuring the temperature of the concrete inside the formwork using a temperature sensor stored in the insertion part, it is determined whether the conditions for release are met, and the formwork is kept assembled until the conditions for release are met.

[0013] When the release conditions are met and the concrete in the formwork has hardened, the formwork is removed, but the insertion part of the wireless communication device remains gripped by the hardened and shrunk concrete.

[0014] Even after the formwork is removed, the temperature sensor continues to measure the temperature to determine whether the concrete has reached the specified strength, and the insertion part remains gripped in the hardened and shrunk concrete until the specified strength is reached.

[0015] Once a predetermined strength is reached, the head portion is rotated to separate the insertion portion from the concrete, thereby removing the wireless communication device from the concrete.

[0016] In the wireless communication device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the flange is disk-shaped.

[0017] With this configuration, the flange can be fitted into the opening of the formwork regardless of the rotational position of the head portion.

[0018] In the wireless communication device according to the third aspect of the present invention, the depth of the insertion portion is greater than the height of the head portion.

[0019] With this configuration, the insertion part can reach deep inside the concrete and measure the temperature of the deep inside.

[0020] In the wireless communication device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the depth of the insertion portion is smaller than the height of the head portion.

[0021] With this configuration, the insertion part can reach the surface of the concrete and measure the temperature of the surface.

[0022] Furthermore, after the wireless communication device is removed from the concrete, it is preferable to fill and seal the gap formed when the insertion portion is removed with a filler such as mortar.

[0023] This configuration improves the appearance of the poured concrete.

[0024] Furthermore, the predetermined strength is preferably a design standard strength.

[0025] This configuration allows for operation in accordance with common practice. [Effects of the Invention]

[0026] As described above, according to the present invention, the insertion portion of the wireless communication device remains gripped by the hardened and shrunk concrete not only while the formwork is assembled, but also after the formwork is released until the concrete reaches a predetermined strength, so that the state quantities of the concrete can be measured continuously. In particular, even when multiple formworks are used at the same site, measurements can be made wirelessly without any problems.

[0027] Furthermore, after the wireless communication device is removed from the concrete, no foreign matter remains inside the concrete, making it less likely that problems such as cracks will occur in the concrete. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0028] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0029] Figures 1 to 6 are process explanatory diagrams of a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device in one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 is a block diagram of the wireless communication device, and Figure 8 is a flowchart showing a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] First, an overview of the wireless communication device in this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 7. In this embodiment, a frequency of 13.56 MHz is used to transmit the RFID carrier. Of course, this does not mean that the frequency band is limited to the above, and other frequency bands may also be used. The wireless communication device 40 has the following elements:

[0031] The antenna 41 transmits and receives RFID carriers, and the voltage application circuit 42 generates an induced voltage.

[0032] When the voltage application circuit 42 generates an induced voltage, the FET 43 turns on and activates the regulator 44 .

[0033] When regulator 44 is operational, it supplies power from battery 45 to microprocessor 46 .

[0034] The microprocessor 46 receives power and controls each element of the wireless communication device 40. In this embodiment, the microprocessor 46 has a built-in timer.

[0035] In this embodiment, four sensors are provided. The attitude sensor S1 detects whether the attitude of the formwork is horizontal or vertical. An acceleration sensor can be suitably used as the attitude detection sensor S1.

[0036] The acceleration sensor may be of any type, such as a mechanical type, an optical type, or a semiconductor type, but a semiconductor type acceleration sensor is preferable because it is inexpensive and easy to handle.

[0037] Although a three-axis acceleration sensor is desirable, one-axis or two-axis acceleration sensors can also be used if the installation or number of sensors is adjusted.

[0038] The temperature sensor S2 measures the temperature of the concrete.

[0039] The concrete detection sensor S3 detects whether the poured concrete has reached the installation position of the wireless communication device 40.

[0040] The moisture sensor S4 determines a state quantity related to moisture in the concrete.

[0041] Next, each step of the concrete pouring management method using the wireless communication device 40 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8 and FIGS.

[0042] First, as shown in steps 1 and 2 of Fig. 8, the members are prepared, the wireless communication device 40 is attached, and the formwork is assembled. Usually, reinforcing bars are placed inside the formwork.

[0043] More specifically, as shown in Figure 1, an opening 1a is formed in at least one (shear 1) of a pair of sheathing boards 1 and 2 that make up the formwork, penetrating through the thickness of the board. The spacing between the pair of sheathing boards 1 and 2 is set in accordance with the dimension W of the concrete structure to be constructed.

[0044] For convenience of illustration, the following description will be given of a case where the sheathing board 1 is on top and the sheathing board 2 is on the bottom, as in the case of constructing a horizontal slab.

[0045] However, it should be understood that the present invention is equally applicable even when the wireless communication device 40 is placed sideways, such as when constructing a pillar or a vertical wall (i.e., when the sheathing 1 is on one side and the sheathing 2 is on the other side), and that such cases also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The wireless communication device 40 has an external appearance as shown in FIG. 2 and includes the following elements:

[0047] The flange 3 is preferably disk-shaped and has a bottom surface flush with the bottom surface 1b of the opening 1a formed in the sheathing 1. However, the flange 3 may be rectangular or polygonal as long as it does not interfere with fitting into or removing from the opening 1a of the sheathing 1.

[0048] A tapered conical insert 5 projects from the flange 3 into the interior of the formwork.

[0049] The head 4, which has a smaller diameter than the flange 3, is exposed from the flange 3 to the outside of the formwork. The head 4 has a small diameter so that it can be easily attached to and detached from the opening 1a of the sheathing board 1. The outer surface of the head 4 is preferably roughened to prevent the worker's hands from slipping during operation, or provided with a protrusion 4a or the like as shown in the figure.

[0050] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, after fitting the flange 3 into the opening 1a, screws 7 are attached to both ends of the fixing device 6 fixed to the top of the head portion 4, and the fixing device 6 is screwed into the sheathing 1, thereby fixing the wireless communication device 40 to the formwork.

[0051] This fixed state continues until the formwork is released (that is, until the poured concrete has sufficiently hardened and shrunk from its soft state). During this time, head 4 is fixed to sheathing 1 by fixture 6, and wireless communication device 40 becomes one with the concrete.

[0052] Once the state shown in Figure 2 is reached, measurements can begin as shown in step 3 of Figure 8.

[0053] More specifically, the measured values ​​of the sensors S1 to S4 can be transmitted from the antenna 41 in Fig. 7 to an external receiver (not shown, for example, a smartphone or a personal computer). The receiver may store the data internally, or may transmit the data to a server at a predetermined site, enabling communication that is obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0054] Furthermore, as shown in step 4 of Figure 8, pouring of concrete begins. Note that the order of steps 3 and 4 may be simultaneous or may be reversed. Note that vibration may or may not be applied to the concrete C using a vibrator. There are no particular restrictions on the type of concrete C, and it may be selected as appropriate.

[0055] When the concrete reaches the area around the wireless communication device 40, it will be in the state shown in Figure 3. Immediately after pouring, the concrete is in a sludgy state, but as the hydration reaction progresses, the temperature rises and the concrete gradually hardens and shrinks.

[0056] During this time, as shown in step 5 of FIG. 8, the MPU 46 checks whether or not predetermined demolding conditions are met, and if the demolding conditions are not met, the mold is maintained and measurement continues (step 6).

[0057] In step 5, when the demolding conditions are met, the screws 7 of the fixing device 6 are loosened and the fixing device 6 is removed from the sheathing 1. Furthermore, the sheathing 1 and 2 are also removed and the formwork is dismantled. Alternatively, conversely, the sheathing 1 and 2 may be removed first, and then the screws 7 of the fixing device 6 may be loosened and the fixing device 6 may be removed from the sheathing 1.

[0058] At this time, the wireless communication device 40 is in the state shown in Fig. 4. When the concrete C hardens, it shrinks and tightly grips the insertion part 5 of the wireless communication device 40. As a result, even after the sheathing boards 1 and 2 are removed and the formwork is dismantled, the insertion part 5 remains connected to the concrete C.

[0059] This point is true not only when the sheathing is in an up-down relationship with sheathing 1 on top and sheathing 2 on the bottom, and the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 5 is parallel to the direction of gravity, but also when sheathing 1 is on one of the left and right sides and sheathing 2 is on the other of the left and right sides, and the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 5 is perpendicular to or intersects with the direction of gravity.

[0060] In fact, it should be noted that experiments conducted by the inventors of the present application have revealed that when the concrete C hardens and shrinks, the insertion portion 5 is strongly connected to the concrete C, and does not easily come off even when the sheathing board 2 becomes the other of the left and right sides.

[0061] Thereafter, as shown in steps 8 and 9 of FIG. 8, measurement and communication by the wireless communication device 40 continues until the strength of the concrete C reaches the design standard strength.

[0062] In this way, according to the present invention, even after the formwork has been dismantled, measurement and communication, mainly of temperature history, is possible until the strength reaches the design standard strength.

[0063] Once the specified strength is reached, as shown in Figure 5, the worker grasps the head 4 by hand and rotates it, for example, in the direction of arrow N, causing the insertion part 5 to separate from the concrete C. The time when the specified strength is reached depends on the conditions at the site, so it may be 28 days after the concrete is poured, or it may be sooner or later. To facilitate separation, a lubricant may be applied to the surface of the insertion part 5, or a release layer may be provided.

[0064] As a result, a void t is formed where the insertion part 5 was originally located. As shown in FIG. 6, in order to improve the appearance of the poured concrete C, it is desirable to fill the void t with a filler (for example, mortar m) and seal the void t.

[0065] From the above explanation, it will be understood that no foreign matter remains in the concrete C after the wireless communication device 40 is removed.

[0066] Two embodiments regarding the length of the insertion portion 5 will be described below.

[0067] Example 1 9, in the wireless communication device 40 of the first embodiment, the depth of the insertion portion 5 from the flange 3 is greater than the height of the head portion 4. In addition, the head portion 4 is provided with a board 8 on which the circuit shown in FIG. 7 is mounted, and a support 9 that supports the board 8 within the head portion 4.

[0068] The relationship in Example 1 is suitable for measuring deep layers of concrete C. In deep layers, the moisture sensor S4 may be omitted.

[0069] Example 2 In the wireless communication device 40' of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the depth of the insertion portion 5 from the flange 3 is smaller than the height of the head portion 4. In this case, it is desirable to provide the moisture sensor S4 at approximately the same position as the temperature sensor S2. This is because the surface layer tends to dry out easily. It is preferable to perform measurements using the moisture sensor S4 after removing the formwork.

[0070] The relationship in Example 2 is suitable for measuring the surface layer of concrete C. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0071] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 8] A flowchart showing a concrete pouring management method using a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an insertion section according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an insertion section according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 1, 2 Sheathing 1a opening 1b Contact surface 1c Non-contact surface 3 flange 3a Bottom 4 Head 4a protrusion 5 Insertion section 5a Tip 6 Fixtures 7 bis 8 PCB 9 pillars 40, 40' radio transmitter 41 Antenna 42 Voltage application circuit 43 FET 44 Regulator 45 Batteries 46 microprocessors m Mortar t air gap S1 Attitude Sensor S2 Temperature Sensor S3 Concrete Detection Sensor S4 Moisture Sensor

Claims

1. a first step of forming an opening in at least one of a pair of sheathing boards constituting the formwork, and fitting a flange of a wireless communication device into the opening, thereby causing a tapered cone-shaped insertion portion to protrude from the flange of the communication device to the inside of the formwork, and exposing a head portion having a diameter smaller than that of the flange from the flange to the outside of the formwork; A second step of pouring concrete into the formwork; a third step of determining whether the demolding conditions are met while measuring the temperature of the concrete in the formwork using a temperature sensor housed in the insertion part, and maintaining the formwork while the demolding conditions are not met; A fourth step of removing the formwork when the release conditions are satisfied and the concrete in the formwork has hardened and shrunk, while the insertion portion remains gripped by the hardened and shrunk concrete; A fifth step of determining whether the concrete has reached a predetermined strength while continuing to measure the temperature with the temperature sensor, and maintaining the state in which the insertion part is gripped by the hardened and shrunk concrete until the predetermined strength is reached; A concrete pouring management method comprising a sixth step of removing the wireless communication device from the concrete after a predetermined strength has been reached by rotating the head portion to remove the insertion portion from the concrete.

2. The concrete pouring management method according to claim 1, further comprising a seventh step of filling and sealing a gap formed when the insertion portion is removed with a filler material after the sixth step.

3. 3. The concrete pouring management method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined strength is a design standard strength.

4. A wireless communication device that includes a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of concrete in a formwork that the device contacts, and that transmits a signal from the temperature sensor wirelessly, a flange having a bottom surface flush with the contact surface of an opening formed in a sheathing board constituting the formwork; an insertion portion that protrudes from the flange toward the inside of the mold, has a tapered cone shape, and holds the temperature sensor; a head portion that is exposed to the outside of the formwork from the flange and has a smaller diameter than the flange; The head portion is fixed to the sheathing by a fixing device until the formwork is released, thereby becoming one with the concrete, After the formwork is released, the hardened and shrunk concrete grips the insertion portion, thereby forming a single piece with the concrete.

5. 5. The wireless communication device according to claim 4, wherein the head portion is rotated to separate the insertion portion from the concrete after the concrete has reached a predetermined strength, thereby removing the wireless communication device from the concrete.

6. The wireless communication device according to claim 4 , wherein the flange is disk-shaped.

7. 5. The wireless communication device according to claim 4, wherein the depth of the insertion portion is greater than the height of the head portion.

8. 5. The wireless communication device according to claim 4, wherein the depth of the insertion portion is smaller than the height of the head portion.

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