Equipment with titanium clad pipe heads

Abstract

To provide a device comprising a nozzle neck to which a covering part with corrosion resistance is applied and that can prevent excessive stress from being applied to a place where the covering part is connected to a container or a pipe with welding.SOLUTION: The present invention pertains to a pressure container 1 that comprises a titanium clad nozzle neck 2 provided at a position of a hole 10H in a wall 10, and the wall 10. The nozzle neck 2 comprises a nozzle neck body 21, and a covering part 22 that is made of titanium and covers an inner peripheral part 21B of the nozzle neck body 21. The nozzle neck body 21 and the covering part 22 are both formed into a pipe shape and are crimped to form a clad pipe 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an appliance comprising a nozzle provided on the inside with a coating made of titanium. [Background technology]

[0002] Clad steel is used for pressure vessels such as reactors in various industrial plants, power generation facilities, etc. For pressure vessels that come into contact with corrosive liquids or gases, clad steel plates are used, which are made by crimping a base material such as carbon steel to a clad material with good corrosion resistance, such as titanium. Pressure vessels are formed into a cylindrical shape by bending the clad steel plate.

[0003] Pressure vessels are welded with nozzles that serve as inlets and outlets for the inflow and outflow of liquids and gases, or nozzles for installing instrumentation that measures the temperature, pressure, density, liquid level, etc. of the fluid inside the vessel. The inner circumferential surface of such nozzles is covered with a corrosion-resistant sleeve (lining) as shown in Patent Document 1, if necessary. The sleeve that serves as the covering that covers the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle can be made of titanium, which has good corrosion resistance. Because it is virtually impossible to weld titanium to iron, a sleeve made of titanium and a nozzle made of steel cannot be welded at both axial ends, for example. Furthermore, the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle cannot be covered by titanium build-up welding.

[0004] The sleeve in Patent Document 1 is welded to a wear plate inside the vessel and to a flange sheet brazed to the flange of the nozzle. The wear plate covers the end face of the nozzle and is welded to a mating material that forms the inner wall of the vessel. All of the sleeve, wear plate, and flange sheet can be made of titanium. In addition, to restrict the expansion and contraction of the sleeve due to the high-temperature fluid treatment cycle, a stopper that fits into a groove on the outer periphery of the sleeve is formed on the inner periphery of the nozzle. In other words, the engagement between the stopper and the groove restricts the thermal expansion of the sleeve in the axial direction, preventing damage to the flange seat. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-176597 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The nozzle sleeve and nozzle body are manufactured separately, and the nozzle body and the sleeve inserted therein are then assembled to the vessel together with a backing plate and flange sheet. When equipment equipped with a pressure vessel is in operation, the sleeve is subjected to an axial load due to the difference in the amount of thermal expansion in the axial direction caused by the temperature difference between the sleeve and the nozzle body. In addition, if external forces such as vibrations and impacts are applied to the sleeve from devices, piping, instrumentation, etc. connected to the nozzle inside or outside the vessel, a load perpendicular to the axis also acts on the sleeve.

[0007] Even if there is almost no gap between the nozzle body and the sleeve due to machining, the inner periphery of the nozzle body and the outer periphery of the sleeve are not joined, so the above load causes relative displacement between the sleeve and the nozzle body. It is desirable to avoid the application of excessive stress due to such relative displacement to, for example, the joint between the container's cladding and the backing plate, or the joint between the nozzle flange and the flange sheet.

[0008] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus equipped with a pipe stub provided with a corrosion-resistant coating, which can prevent excessive stress from being applied to the joints of components by welding or the like. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present invention relates to a device comprising a nozzle provided at the position of a hole in a wall and the wall, wherein the nozzle comprises a nozzle body and a nozzle cover made of titanium that covers the inner periphery of the nozzle body. The nozzle body and the nozzle cover are both formed in a pipe shape and crimped together to form a clad tube.

[0010] In the device of the present invention, the nozzle body and the nozzle covering portion preferably form a clad tube by explosive bonding.

[0011] In the device of the present invention, the nozzle body preferably has a flange on the outside of the wall, and the nozzle covering portion is welded to a sealing member made of titanium and disposed on the flange.

[0012] In the equipment of the present invention, the nozzle is preferably formed from titanium, covers the end face of the nozzle body on the inside of the wall, and is welded to the outer periphery or end face of the nozzle covering part, and is provided with a backing plate welded to the wall covering part that covers the inside of the wall. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the present invention, the inner periphery of the nozzle stub main body and the outer periphery of the nozzle stub cover are joined together by crimping, so that displacement of the nozzle stub cover is restrained by the nozzle stub main body. As a result, excessive stress is not applied from the nozzle stub cover to the joints of the components due to thermal expansion differences resulting from temperature differences between the nozzle stub cover and the nozzle stub main body. Furthermore, since all loads due to external forces such as vibration of components connected to the nozzle stub cover are borne by the nozzle stub main body and the wall, excessive stress is not applied from the nozzle stub cover to the joints of the components.

[0014] In other words, since the nozzle base covering portion and the nozzle base main body are joined together by crimping, it is possible to prevent excessive stress from being applied to the joint due to welding, etc., and therefore the joint can be maintained in good condition for a longer period of time.

[0015] In addition, since the nozzle base covering portion and the nozzle base main body are joined together by crimping, there is no need to engage the nozzle base main body and the nozzle base covering portion using protrusions and grooves as in conventional technology, so a nozzle with a simple structure without protrusions or grooves can be provided.

[0016] According to the present invention, a clad tube is used in which the nozzle body and the nozzle covering portion made of titanium are both crimped together in a pipe state, so that it is possible to provide a titanium clad nozzle of any diameter, unlike when a flat clad steel plate is bent to form it into a pipe shape. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is an external side view of a pressure vessel equipped with a titanium clad nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a nozzle that can be applied to each nozzle shown in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the structure of a titanium-lined nozzle according to a comparative example. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a first modified example of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a titanium clad nozzle according to a second modified example of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a titanium clad nozzle according to a third modified example of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a titanium clad nozzle according to a fourth modified example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Explanation of pressure vessel] The pressure vessel 1 shown in Figure 1 is a reactor for reacting liquids, gases, etc., and together with other vessels, devices, valves, pumps, etc. (not shown), constitutes equipment such as a plant. The pressure vessel 1 comprises a wall 10 that forms an outer shell enclosing a space 11 (Figure 2), and a plurality of nozzles 2 (nozzles) attached to the wall 10. Note that the number and positions of the nozzles 2 shown in Figure 1 are merely examples. The pressure vessel 1 may comprise other nozzles in addition to the nozzles 2 shown in Figure 1.

[0019] The wall 10 includes a cylindrical body 12, an upper head plate 13, and a lower head plate 14, both of which are assembled to the body 12, and has the pressure resistance to withstand a specified pressure. The nozzle 2 is provided on either the body 12, the upper head plate 13, or the lower head plate 14. The wall 10 is made of a clad steel plate in which a wall covering 101, which serves as a corrosion-resistant cladding material, is pressure-bonded to a base material, which serves as a wall main body 100. The wall main body 100 is made of, for example, any of carbon steel, low-alloy steel, and stainless steel.

[0020] The wall covering portion 101 is made of, for example, titanium. In this specification, "titanium" means pure titanium or a titanium alloy.

[0021] The clad steel plate used for the wall 10 can be obtained by rolling or explosive bonding from a titanium plate corresponding to the wall covering portion 101 and a steel plate corresponding to the wall body 100. The clad steel plate is formed by bending and the seams of the steel plates are welded to produce the shell 12, upper head 13, and lower head 14. The pressure vessel 1 is manufactured by assembling the shell 12, upper head 13, lower head 14, nozzle stub 2, etc.

[0022] [Basic explanation of pipe stand] The nozzle stub 2 communicates with the space 11 inside the wall 10 through a hole 10H formed in the wall 10. Of the nozzle stubs 2, the nozzle stub 2-1 is connected to a pipe 31 outside the pressure vessel 1 and is used as an inlet for allowing fluids such as liquids and gases to flow into the pressure vessel 1 through the pipe 31, or as an outlet for allowing fluids to flow out from the pressure vessel 1 through the pipe 31. The nozzle stub 2-1 is connected to members such as internal parts 32 or pipes 33 in the space 11 inside the pressure vessel 1 as necessary.

[0023] Of the nozzle stubs 2, the nozzle stub 2-2 is used to install instrumentation 34 that measures the temperature, pressure, density, liquid level, etc. of the fluid inside the pressure vessel 1. Similar instrumentation can also be installed inside the pipe 31 or pipe 33 connected to the nozzle stub 2-1, which corresponds to the inlet or outlet of the fluid.

[0024] The structure of the nozzle stub 2 of this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows the structure of the nozzle stub 2-1 provided on the shell 12, representing the multiple nozzle stubs 2 provided in the pressure vessel 1. A corrosive liquid or gas exists in the space 11 inside the pressure vessel 1. A non-corrosive fluid or a corrosive fluid flows inside the nozzle 2-1. The nozzle stub 2 shown in Figure 2 corresponds to a titanium-clad nozzle stub that includes a coating portion 22 made of corrosion-resistant titanium. A nozzle stub 2 that includes a coating portion 22 made of titanium can be used for corrosion resistance against the corrosive fluid in the pressure vessel 1 or the corrosive fluid flowing through the internal flow path of the nozzle stub 2, or for the purpose of welding to the internal component 32 or the piping 31, 33 when the internal component 32 or the piping 31, 33 are made of titanium. The internal component 32 in this embodiment is, for example, a heating coil, and is made of titanium for corrosion resistance of the outer surface of the heating coil that comes into contact with the corrosive fluid in the pressure vessel 1.

[0025] The nozzle 2 includes a nozzle body 21 placed in a circular hole 10H that penetrates the wall 10, a covering portion 22 that covers the entire inner peripheral portion 21B of the nozzle body 21 to protect the nozzle body 21 from corrosion, a sealing member 23 that is placed on the flange 21F of the nozzle body 21 outside the wall 10, and a cover plate 24 that covers the end face 21E of the nozzle body 21 inside the wall 10.

[0026] In addition to the covering portion 22, the backing plate 24 that comes into contact with the corrosive fluid and the sealing member 23 that is welded to the covering portion 22 can also be made of titanium. Pipe 31 connected to flange 21F can be made of titanium piping when it comes into contact with a corrosive fluid, or carbon steel piping when it comes into contact with a non-corrosive fluid. Pipe 33 connected to inner end 222 of covering portion 22 inside wall 10 in a corrosive atmosphere can be made of titanium piping.

[0027] 2 penetrates the wall 10 in the thickness direction of the wall 10, and the axis L of the nozzle body 21 placed in the hole 10H extends in the diameter direction of the wall 10, but this is not limited to this. The hole 10H may penetrate the wall 10 in a direction inclined with respect to the diameter direction of the wall 10 in a side view or a plan view of the wall 10.

[0028] [Explanation of clad tube] The nozzle body 21 and the covering portion 22 are both formed in a pipe shape and are crimped together to form a clad pipe 20. The nozzle body 21 corresponds to the base material of the clad pipe 20, and the covering portion 22 corresponds to the clad pipe 20. The nozzle body 21 can be formed using, for example, any of carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel, and the like.

[0029] The covering portion 22 can be formed using, for example, any of the materials described in JIS H 4600:2012. If pressure resistance is not required, Class 1 of JIS H 4600:2012 can be used. If pressure resistance is required and Class 1 results in a thick plate, Class 2 can be used if a thinner plate is desired. If better corrosion resistance than pure titanium is required, a corrosion-resistant titanium alloy containing Pd, Ta, or the like can be used.

[0030] The cladding tube 20 is given an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the hole 10H and is given a predetermined length that protrudes outward from the wall 10. The outer peripheral portion 21A of the nozzle body 21 is welded around the hole 10H in the wall 10 at positions that respectively correspond to the outer surface 10A and the inner surface 10B of the wall 10. Welding on both the outer surface 10A side and the inner surface 10B side contributes to ensuring the pressure resistance of the pressure vessel 1.

[0031] Both the welded portion 21C on the outer surface 10A side and the welded portion 21D on the inner surface 10B side are formed along the entire inner periphery of the hole 10H. Since the wall 10 and the nozzle main body 21 are welded on the inner surface 10B side, the wall covering portion 101 is not formed in the region of the wall main body 100 around the hole 10H. In order to increase the joining strength by welding, it is preferable to form a groove 10C of an appropriate shape on the inner periphery of the hole 10H. It is also preferable to form grooves in other welded parts, if possible.

[0032] Even if a member made of titanium and a member made of a material containing iron as a main component are welded together, a brittle intermetallic compound of titanium and iron is formed at the welded portion, making it virtually impossible to weld these members together. In other words, it is not possible to weld the nozzle body 21 and the covering portion 22, for example, at both axial ends. However, they are joined together by crimping.

[0033] Before crimping, the nozzle body 21 and the covering portion 22 correspond to pipes that have been separately manufactured by, for example, drawing, cutting, plate bending welding in which a plate material is bent into a tubular shape and then welded together, or casting. The manufacturing method is selected depending on the wall thickness of the nozzle 2. It is preferable to employ explosive crimping as a method for crimping the nozzle body 21 and the covering portion 22 together.

[0034] The outer diameter of the pipe (inner pipe) corresponding to the covering portion 22 before explosive crimping is set small enough to leave a gap with the inner diameter of the pipe (outer pipe) corresponding to the nozzle body 21 before explosive crimping. The inner pipe is placed concentrically inside the outer pipe, and when the explosive placed inside the inner pipe is detonated, the diameter of the inner pipe instantly expands due to the enormous physical energy that flows radially outward from the axis of the inner pipe, causing the inner pipe to collide with the outer pipe. The collision of the inner pipe with the outer pipe results in a clad pipe 20 in which the inner peripheral portion 21B of the outer pipe and the outer peripheral portion 22A of the inner pipe are crimped with strong bonding strength.

[0035] As described above, the clad pipe 20, which is formed by crimping the nozzle stub body 21 and the covering portion 22 together in a pipe-shaped state before crimping, differs in manufacturing method from clad pipes obtained by bending a flat clad steel plate into a pipe shape and welding the seams. Furthermore, the clad pipe 20 also differs in structure because both the inner pipe and the outer pipe can be made seamless. When the nozzle stub body 21 and the covering portion 22 are each manufactured by plate bending welding, there are seams when the nozzle stub body 21 and the covering portion 22 are viewed individually, but there are no seams that run across the two in the thickness direction. In this sense, the two constitute a seamless clad pipe 20.

[0036] The diameter of the shell 12 of the pressure vessel 1 is sufficiently large compared to the diameter of the nozzle stub 2. The shell 12 can be fabricated by bending a clad steel plate. However, it is difficult to fabricate the nozzle stub 2 by bending a clad steel plate. Fabricating the nozzle stub 2 by bending a clad steel plate requires at least one axial weld as a joint in each of the nozzle stub body 21 and the covering portion 22. Here, welding of the covering portion 22, whose outer surface is already crimped to the nozzle stub body 21, must be performed from the inner surface. The smaller the diameter, the more difficult it is to weld the inner surface of the covering portion 22 because it is difficult to reach with hands or jigs. For example, while welding is possible when the diameter is 500 mm or more, welding the inner surface is extremely difficult when the diameter is 200 mm or less, making it virtually impossible to fabricate the nozzle stub 2 by bending a clad steel plate.

[0037] [Explanation of components of the pipe stand] Next, with reference to FIG. 2, an example of the detailed configuration and arrangement of each of the nozzle body 21, the covering portion 22, the sealing member 23, and the contact plate 24 will be described. The nozzle body 21 corresponds to a straight pipe with a circular cross section having a flange 21F at one end in the direction of the axis L. The flange 21F may be welded to the nozzle body 21. The flange 21F of the nozzle body 21 is fastened to a flange 31F of the piping 31 with bolts 31B. The flange 21F is formed with an annular recess 211 in which the sealing member 23 is disposed. The diameter of the inner peripheral portion 21B of the nozzle main body 21 is constant, and no protrusions or grooves are formed on the inner peripheral portion 21B. When the nozzle 2 is a nozzle 2-2 for installing an instrumentation 34, the instrumentation 34 is installed on the flange 21F.

[0038] The covering portion 22 extends in the direction of the axis L from the position of the flange 21F beyond the end face 21E of the nozzle stub body 21 to the inside of the wall 10. The amount by which the inner end 222 of the covering portion 22 actually protrudes from the nozzle stub body 21 to the inside of the wall 10 is small. The internal part 32 is joined, for example by welding, to the inner end 222 of the covering part 22 located inside the wall 10 .

[0039] The sealing member 23 is formed in an annular shape and is arranged to cover the flange 21F. This is not necessary if the internal fluid flowing inside the nozzle 2 is a non-corrosive fluid. A gasket arranged between the sealing member 23 and the flange 31F seals the gap between the flanges 21F, 31F. The inner diameter of the sealing member 23 is equal to the inner diameter of the covering portion 22. On the outer end 221 side of the covering portion 22, the sealing member 23 and the covering portion 22 are welded around the entire circumference to form a welded portion 23A. The radially outer end of the sealing member 23 may also be brazed to the flange 21F.

[0040] The contact plate 24 is formed in an annular shape and covers the end surface 21E of the nozzle body 21 facing the space 11 containing the corrosive atmosphere. The covering portion 22 protruding inward from the wall 10 passes through an opening 240 on the inside of the contact plate 24. The contact plate 24 is disposed on the wall covering portion 101 in a position perpendicular to the axis L in a side view. The contact plate 24 may be formed to be curved in accordance with the radius of curvature of the wall covering portion 101. The end face 21E of the nozzle body 21 does not need to be disposed flush with the inner surface 10B of the wall 10. The end face 21E may be located inside the inner surface 10B.

[0041] The inner periphery of the opening 240 and the outer periphery 22A of the covering portion 22 are welded around the entire circumference to form a welded portion 24A. Also, the radially outer end portion 241 of the contact plate 24 and the wall covering portion 101 are welded around the entire circumference to form a welded portion 24B. As will be described later with reference to FIG. 4, the contact plate 24 does not necessarily have to be welded to the outer circumferential portion 22A of the covering portion 22.

[0042] [Manufacturing method of pipe head] An example of a procedure for manufacturing the nozzle 2 will be briefly described below. First, the nozzle stub body 21 and the covering portion 22, both of which have been formed into a pipe shape, are explosively pressure-bonded to obtain the clad tube 20 (first step). A sealing member 23 is placed on the flange 21F of the clad tube 20, and the sealing member 23 is welded to the covering portion 22 (second step). Next, the clad tube 20 is inserted into the hole 10H of the wall 10, and the nozzle body 21 is welded to both the outer surface 10A side and the inner surface 10B side of the wall 10 (third step). Furthermore, the contact plate 24 is welded to the covering portion 22 and the wall covering portion 101 (fourth step).

[0043] [Explanation of Comparative Example] 3 includes a nozzle stub body 41 and a covering sleeve 42 that is separate from the nozzle stub body 41. The nozzle stub body 41 is made of steel like the nozzle stub body 21 of this embodiment, and the covering sleeve 42 is made of titanium like the covering portion 22 of this embodiment.

[0044] As in the present embodiment, the nozzle body 41 and the covering sleeve 42 are assembled together with the sealing member 23, the contact plate 24, and the wall 10. Unlike the nozzle body 21 and the covering portion 22 that form the clad tube 20 in the present embodiment, the nozzle body 41 and the covering sleeve 42 in the comparative example are not joined to each other. Therefore, no matter how small the gap G between the inner peripheral portion 41B of the nozzle body 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42A of the covering sleeve 42 is, or even if the inner peripheral portion 41B and the outer peripheral portion 42A are engaged by shrink fitting, cold fitting, screws, etc., the covering sleeve 42 and the nozzle body 41 will be displaced relative to each other due to thermal expansion, vibration, etc.

[0045] For example, assume that a high-temperature fluid flows into the pressure vessel 1 through the nozzle stub 2-Z at the start of a processing cycle of a process including the pressure vessel 1. As described above, since the covering sleeve 42 and the nozzle stub main body 41 are not joined, displacement of the covering sleeve 42 relative to the nozzle stub main body 41 is permitted. Therefore, the covering sleeve 42, whose temperature rises suddenly due to direct contact with the high-temperature fluid, expands in the direction of arrow A1 relative to the nozzle body 41 due to thermal expansion in the direction of axis L. Although the linear expansion coefficient of titanium is slightly smaller than that of iron, the rapid temperature change in the covering sleeve 42 creates a large temperature difference between the covering sleeve 42 and the nozzle body 41, causing the covering sleeve 42 to expand relative to the nozzle body 41.

[0046] Due to the thermal expansion of the covering sleeve 42 in the direction A1, an axial load F1 acts on the backing plate 24 joined to the covering sleeve 42, causing a shear force to be generated at the welded portions 24A and 24B and a compressive stress to be generated at the welded portion 23A. Furthermore, when a cryogenic fluid flows into the pressure vessel 1 through the nozzle stub 2-Z, the covering sleeve 42 contracts relative to the nozzle stub main body 41 in the direction of arrow A2, causing a shear force to be generated at the welded portions 24A and 24B and a tensile stress to be generated at the welded portion 23A.

[0047] Furthermore, a load due to vibration or impact of the internal part 32 connected to the nozzle stub 2 or thermal expansion of the internal part 32 may be applied to the covering sleeve 42. Alternatively, a load due to vibration or impact or thermal expansion of the piping 31, 33 or the instrumentation 34 may be applied to the covering sleeve 42. Such a load may act in the direction of the axis L, as with the axial load F1, or may act in a direction perpendicular to the axis L, as with the transverse load F2 shown in FIG. 3. The transverse load F2 displaces the covering sleeve 42 relative to the nozzle stub main body 41, and the transverse load F2 acts on the welded portions 24A and 24B of the backing plate 24 and the welded portion 23A of the sealing member 23, which are joined to the covering sleeve 42.

[0048] [Action of the nozzle of this embodiment] 3, in the nozzle stub 2 of this embodiment including the clad tube 20, the inner peripheral portion 21B of the nozzle stub main body 21 and the outer peripheral portion 22A of the covering portion 22 are joined by crimping, so that axial displacement of the covering portion 22 is restrained by the nozzle stub main body 21. Therefore, excessive stress is not applied to the welded portions 24A, 24B of the backing plate 24 or the welded portion 23A of the sealing member 23 due to axial displacement of the covering portion 22. Here, even if we take into consideration the stress generated by thermal expansion in the axial direction of the portion where the covering portion 22 is exposed from the nozzle body 21, the stress is sufficiently small compared to the axial thermal expansion in the comparative example, and therefore excessive stress does not act on the welded portions 24A, 24B of the contact plate 24 on the side where the covering portion 22 is exposed. On the other hand, with regard to loads in the axis-perpendicular direction, the relative displacement between the covering portion 22 and the nozzle body 21 is restricted by crimping, and therefore the axis-perpendicular load F2 due to external forces such as vibration is received entirely by the nozzle body 21 and the wall 10, and therefore the axis-perpendicular load F2 is not applied to members joined to the covering portion 22, such as the contact plate 24 and the sealing member 23. Furthermore, even if the axis-perpendicular load F2 due to thermal expansion in the radial direction of the covering portion 22 is taken into consideration, the stress is sufficiently small compared to external forces such as vibration, and therefore an excessive axis-perpendicular load F2 is not applied to members joined to the covering portion 22, such as the contact plate 24 and the sealing member 23.

[0049] As explained above, since the covering portion 22 and the nozzle body 21 are joined together by crimping, it is possible to prevent excessive stress from being applied to the welded portions 24A, 24B of the contact plate 24 joined to the covering portion 22 and the welded portion 23A of the sealing member 23 joined to the covering portion 22, as described above. The nozzle 2 of this embodiment uses a clad pipe 20 in which a covering portion 22 and a nozzle stub body 21 are joined together by crimping. Because the covering portion 22 and the nozzle stub body 21 are both crimped together in a pipe state, it is possible to provide a titanium clad nozzle 2 without having to choose a diameter, unlike when a clad steel plate is bent into a pipe shape. Furthermore, if at least the nozzle stub body 21 of the nozzle stub body 21 and the covering portion 22 is seamless before crimping, this contributes to ensuring the pressure resistance of the pressure vessel 1.

[0050] The backing plate 24 and the sealing member 23 are made of titanium, just like the covering portion 22, and welding titanium is more difficult than welding steel. According to this embodiment, the welded portions 23A, 24A, 24B can be maintained in good condition for a longer period of time, reducing the frequency of repairs to the welded portions 23A, 24A, 24B during inspection and maintenance of the pressure vessel 1. This improves the plant's availability and enables stable operation while maintaining the airtightness of the pressure vessel 1.

[0051] Furthermore, since the covering portion 22 and the nozzle body 21 are joined together by crimping, there is no need to use protrusions and grooves to engage the nozzle body 21 and the covering portion 22, as in the prior art. According to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a nozzle 2 with a simple structure that does not have protrusions or grooves.

[0052] When multiple nozzles 2 are provided in a pressure vessel 1, the difference in thermal expansion between the cladding 22 and the nozzle body 21, as well as the stress acting on the joints between the components, will vary depending on the installation position of the nozzles 2, the temperature conditions, the loads applied from the piping 31, 33, etc. Therefore, nozzles equipped with titanium sleeves, as in conventional structures, can be provided in areas of the pressure vessel 1 where the difference in thermal expansion and stress are relatively small. In other words, the same pressure vessel 1 may be equipped with a titanium clad nozzle 2 and a titanium sleeve nozzle stub.

[0053] [Modification] The structures of the nozzles according to the various modifications of the present invention will be described below. Unlike the above embodiment, the contact plate 24-1 of the nozzle stub 2-X1 shown in Fig. 4 is not welded to the outer circumferential portion 22A of the covering portion 22. As shown in Fig. 4, the inner circumferential portion of the opening 240 of the contact plate 24-1 may be welded to the end face 22E of the covering portion 22.

[0054] 5, corrosive liquid and gas flow through the nozzle stub 2-X2, the pipe 31 connected to the flange 21F, and the pipe 33 connected to the inner end 222 of the covering portion 22. However, no corrosive liquid or gas exists in the space 11 of the wall 10. Therefore, the nozzle stub 2-X2 does not have the backing plates 24, 24-1 that cover the end face 21E of the nozzle stub main body 21. In addition, the wall 10 does not have the wall covering portion 101 that covers the wall main body 100.

[0055] According to the nozzle stub 2-X2, as in the above embodiment, the nozzle stub main body 21 and the covering portion 22 are joined together by crimping, and therefore axial displacement of the covering portion 22 is restrained by the nozzle stub main body 21. Therefore, excessive stress is not applied to the welded portion 23A of the sealing member 23 due to axial displacement of the covering portion 22. In addition, the transverse load F2 acting on the covering portion 22 due to external forces such as vibration, impact, and thermal expansion of the piping 33 or piping 31 is entirely borne by the nozzle stub main body 21 and the wall 10, and therefore excessive stress is not applied to the welded portion 23A of the sealing member 23 due to the transverse load F2. In addition, according to the nozzle stub 2-X2, the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.

[0056] 6, the nozzle stub body 21-1 may be abutted against the outer surface 10A of the wall 10 and welded to the wall 10. A tip 213 of the nozzle stub body 21-1 and the wall 10 are welded to a welded portion 21C by groove welding. The inner diameter of the hole 10H-1 in the wall 10 corresponds to the outer diameter of the covering portion 22.

[0057] FIG. 7 shows the structure of a nozzle stub 2-X4, inside which a noncorrosive fluid flows. Because a corrosive fluid is present inside the wall 10, the nozzle stub body 21 is provided with a backing plate 24 that covers the end face 21E. The covering portion 22 covers the base-end region of the inner periphery 21B, which extends from the flange 21F side of the nozzle stub body 21 to the base end side (end face 21E side), and extends beyond the end face 21E toward the inside of the wall 10. The region of the inner periphery 21B that is not covered by the covering portion 22 is exposed to the internal flow path of the nozzle stub 2-X4. To reduce fluid resistance, it is preferable that the covering portion 22, which is arranged on the step 21G of the inner periphery 21B, and the inner periphery 21B are arranged flush with each other. The nozzle stub structure of this example does not include a sealing member 23 welded to the covering portion 22 on the outer end 221 side of the covering portion 22.

[0058] In addition to the above, the configurations given in the above embodiments can be selected or changed as appropriate to other configurations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The nozzle of the present invention does not necessarily have to be provided on the wall 10 of the pressure vessel 1, but can also be provided on the wall of a vessel that does not require pressure resistance or on the wall of an apparatus housing. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1. Pressure vessels (equipment) 2, 2-1, 2-2, 2-X1, 2-X2, 2-X3, 2-X4 Titanium clad pipe head 2-Z Comparative Example Pipe Stand 10 Wall 10A external 10B Inner surface 10C Bevel 10H hole 11 Space 12 Torso 13 Upper mirror plate 14 Lower mirror plate 20 Clad pipe 21,21-1 Pipe stand body 21A outer periphery 21B Inner circumference 21C, 21D welded parts 21E End face 21F flange 21G step 22 Covering part (nozzle cover part) 22A outer periphery 22E End face 23 Sealing member 23A welded section 24,24-1 Our board 24A, 24B welded section 31 Piping 31B Bolt 31F flange 32 Internal parts 33 Piping 34 Instrumentation 41 Pipe stand body 41B Inner circumference 42 Covering sleeve 42A outer periphery 100 Wall body 101 Wall covering part 211 recess 213 Tip 221 Outer edge 222 Inner end 240 aperture 241 End F1 Axial load F2 Perpendicular load G Gap L axis

Claims

1. A device used in a pressure vessel forming a reactor, comprising a nozzle provided at a position of a hole in the wall and the wall, The nozzle is A nozzle body, A nozzle cover part is formed from type 2 titanium as described in JIS H 4600:2012 and covers the inner periphery of the nozzle body, The nozzle body and the nozzle covering portion are both formed in a pipe shape and explosively pressure-bonded to form a clad tube.

2. The nozzle body includes a flange on the outside of the wall, The nozzle covering portion is welded to a sealing member formed from type 2 titanium described in JIS H 4600:2012 and disposed on the flange.

10. The device of claim 1.

3. A backing plate is provided which is made of two types of titanium as described in JIS H 4600:2012, covers the end face of the nozzle body on the inside of the wall, is welded to the outer periphery or end face of the nozzle covering part, and is welded to the wall covering part which covers the inside of the wall.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2.

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