incinerator

Abstract

To provide an incinerator capable of almost completely burning materials to be incinerated and reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance costs. [Solution] The incinerator (1) includes a primary combustion furnace (10) that generates combustion gas (G1) by directly burning paper, wood chips, waste tires, etc., fed into the primary combustion furnace (10); a blower (60) that blows air into the primary combustion furnace (10) to cause the combustion gas (G1) to spiral in the circumferential direction; a secondary combustion furnace (20) that reburns the combustion gas (G1) generated in the primary combustion furnace (10) as reburned gas (G2); an induction plate (30) for guiding the combustion gas (G1) to the secondary combustion furnace (20); a combustion burner (41) attached to the lower end of the secondary combustion furnace (20); and a reburned gas exhaust section (50) attached to the ceiling (21T) of the secondary combustion furnace (20). The induction plate (30) is provided with one induction hole (32). An imaginary nozzle axis (L1) extends circumferentially toward the induction hole (32), and an imaginary induction hole axis (L2) extends circumferentially at an inclination angle (R).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an incinerator for burning waste tires, synthetic rubber, waste plastics, etc., discharged from businesses, ordinary households, etc. [Background technology]

[0002] Various incinerators have been developed to incinerate various industrial wastes, such as waste tires and waste plastics, generated by businesses and other facilities. For example, large, complex incinerators with firebrick structures have been proposed to process waste plastics and waste tires, which burn at high temperatures. Because wastes such as plastics and tires have high combustion speeds and temperatures, incinerators are large and complex, with firebrick structures. Furthermore, in the incineration of garbage, various miscellaneous materials are mixed in, and some of the waste contains a large amount of moisture. Therefore, large incinerators with separate drying and incineration chambers are used to ensure that the materials being incinerated are burned as completely as possible while preventing pollution caused by incomplete combustion.

[0003] Patent Document 1 proposes an incinerator in which an exhaust pipe communicating with the primary combustion furnace is provided on the upper surface of an incinerator body that forms the primary combustion furnace for burning materials to be combusted, and a blower device is attached to the upper position of the secondary combustion furnace and a burner device is attached to the lower position, with the devices attached diagonally above the exhaust pipe and eccentric to the center line of the exhaust pipe, respectively, thereby forming a vortex-shaped exhaust gas flow path that causes the flame heat sprayed from the burner device to rotate along the inner surface of the secondary combustion furnace.

[0004] Patent Document 2 is an invention previously proposed by the inventor of the present invention, and is an incinerator that can completely burn unburned gas contained in the secondary combustion gas by rotating it in a secondary combustion gas swirling section, completely burn soot, dust, etc., and discharge clean smokeless gas upward from an exhaust port. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-38278 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-203572 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The incinerator in Patent Document 1 aims to accelerate the decomposition of soot and unburned gas in the secondary combustion furnace by installing a burner device eccentrically in the secondary combustion furnace, but the swirling residence time of the soot and unburned gas in the secondary combustion furnace is short, and decomposition is insufficient. Therefore, when used by small and medium-sized businesses or ordinary households, there is a concern that the black smoke from incomplete combustion will be emitted, which will cause backlash from nearby residents.

[0007] The incinerator of Patent Document 2 can burn materials almost completely, but there is room for improvement in manufacturing costs and maintenance costs.

[0008] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and proposes an incinerator that can almost completely burn the materials to be incinerated and further reduce manufacturing costs and maintenance costs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The invention for solving the above problem is an incinerator comprising: a primary combustion furnace that directly burns the material to be incinerated and generates combustion gas; a blower that blows air into the primary combustion furnace and rotates the combustion gas in a spiral circumferential direction; a secondary combustion furnace that re-burns the combustion gas generated in the primary combustion furnace as re-burned gas; an induction plate with one induction hole for guiding the combustion gas to the secondary combustion furnace; a combustion burner attached to the lower end of the secondary combustion furnace; and a re-burned gas discharge section attached to the ceiling of the secondary combustion furnace, wherein the secondary combustion furnace is located above the primary combustion furnace and connected to the primary combustion furnace via the induction plate; an imaginary nozzle axis, which is the direction in which the nozzle attached to the tip of the combustion burner extends, extends circumferentially toward the induction hole; and the re-burned gas re-burned by the combustion burner rotates in a spiral circumferential direction within the secondary combustion furnace and is discharged from the re-burned gas discharge section.

[0010] According to this configuration, the incinerator includes a primary combustion furnace that directly burns the input materials to be incinerated and generates combustion gas; a blower that rotates the combustion gas in a circumferential spiral; a secondary combustion furnace that reburns the combustion gas generated in the primary combustion furnace as reburned gas; an induction plate with a single induction hole that guides the combustion gas to the secondary combustion furnace; a combustion burner attached to the lower end of the secondary combustion furnace; and a reburned gas exhaust unit attached to the ceiling of the secondary combustion furnace. This allows the device itself to have a simpler structure, with fewer parts than other devices. This reduces manufacturing costs. The secondary combustion furnace is located above the primary combustion furnace and is connected to it via an induction plate. The virtual nozzle axis, which is the direction in which the nozzle attached to the tip of the combustion burner extends circumferentially toward the induction hole, allows the reburned gas reburned by the combustion burner to rotate in a circumferential spiral within the secondary combustion furnace and be discharged from the reburned gas exhaust unit. This allows the re-burning time of the re-burned gas in the secondary combustion furnace to be set longer, resulting in efficient re-burning and the release of clean, smokeless gas to the outside.

[0011] Preferably, the imaginary induction hole axis passing through the centroid of the induction hole on the side of the primary combustion furnace and the centroid of the induction hole on the side of the secondary combustion furnace extends in the direction in which the imaginary nozzle axis extends, with an inclination angle.

[0012] According to this configuration, the imaginary induction hole axis, which passes through the centroid of the induction hole on the primary combustion furnace side and the centroid of the secondary combustion furnace side, extends along the direction in which the imaginary nozzle axis extends, with an inclination angle.Therefore, the combustion gas induced from the induction hole to the secondary combustion furnace rises in the secondary combustion furnace by itself, generating a vortex flow, without the aid of a combustion burner.

[0013] Preferably, the inclination angle is between 35° and 55°.

[0014] According to this configuration, the inclination angle of the virtual induction hole axis is set to 35° to 55°, which can contribute to the generation of an appropriate vortex flow under certain conditions.

[0015] Preferably, the imaginary nozzle axis extends in a direction intersecting the surface of the induction plate facing the secondary combustion furnace, either parallel to the surface of the induction plate facing the secondary combustion furnace, or crossing the imaginary induction hole axis.

[0016] With this configuration, the virtual nozzle axis extends parallel to the surface of the guide plate facing the secondary combustion furnace, or crosses the virtual guide hole axis and intersects with the surface of the guide plate facing the secondary combustion furnace, so that operating the combustion burner can turn the reburned gas into a vortex flow with a long residence time, thereby lengthening the reburning time of the reburned gas.

[0017] Preferably, the guide plate is a disc-shaped concrete plate having a predetermined thickness, and the guide hole has a circular surface perpendicular to the virtual guide hole axis.

[0018] According to this configuration, the guide plate is a circular concrete plate with a predetermined thickness, and the guide hole has a circular surface perpendicular to the virtual guide hole axis, which simplifies the structure of the guide plate and reduces the manufacturing cost of the guide plate.

[0019] Preferably, the blower device is attached to the outer surface of the primary combustion furnace and has a blower duct extending in the direction of the secondary combustion furnace, and the blower duct is provided with a plurality of blower holes that penetrate the outer wall of the primary combustion furnace at an inclination in the circumferential direction.

[0020] According to this configuration, the blower is attached to the outer surface of the primary combustion furnace and has a blower duct extending toward the secondary combustion furnace. The blower duct is provided with a plurality of blower holes that penetrate the outer wall of the primary combustion furnace at an angle in the circumferential direction. As a result, the blower supplies external air to the primary combustion gas and simultaneously causes the primary combustion gas to spiral in the circumferential direction.

[0021] Preferably, the air ducts are provided opposite to each other.

[0022] According to this configuration, the air ducts are provided opposite each other, so that a vortex flow rotating in the circumferential direction can be efficiently generated.

[0023] Preferably, the re-burned gas discharge section is characterized by having a cylindrical portion having an outlet for discharging the re-burned gas and extending toward the guide plate, and a blocking portion that blocks the tip of the cylindrical portion.

[0024] According to this configuration, the exhaust port for discharging the reburned gas is provided in the cylindrical portion extending toward the guide plate, and the tip of the cylindrical portion is blocked by the blocking portion, so the reburned gas rises while changing its path, which makes it possible to further extend the combustion time of the reburned gas in the secondary combustion furnace.

[0025] Preferably, the outlet is characterized in that it is defined by an outer edge that is configured as a curve having a substantially constant curvature.

[0026] With this configuration, the shape of the exhaust port provided in the reburned gas exhaust section is defined by an outer edge composed of a curve with a nearly constant curvature, making the reburned gas exhaust section less susceptible to stress concentration due to temperature changes, thereby improving the durability of the reburned gas exhaust section, which has traditionally been considered a structural weakness.

[0027] Preferably, a connection part is provided for detachably connecting the primary combustion furnace and the secondary combustion furnace, and the guide plate is supported at the upper end of the primary combustion furnace.

[0028] According to this configuration, a connecting part is provided for detachably connecting the primary and secondary combustion furnaces, and the guide plate is supported at the upper end of the primary combustion furnace, so the guide plate can be easily attached and removed.In addition, inspection and repair of the primary and secondary combustion furnaces are also easy. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic front view of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] A cross-sectional view of the primary combustion furnace. [Figure 3] A cross-sectional view of a secondary combustion furnace. [Figure 4] FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a front view of the reburned gas discharge section. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the combustion action in the incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The incinerator of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.

[0031] Although the incinerator 1 of the present invention is exemplified as a small incinerator, it is not limited to this. It may be an incinerator larger than a small incinerator. A small incinerator is an incinerator that is not subject to the notification obligations under the Act on Special Measures against Dioxins and the Fire Service Act, and specifically, a small incinerator with a hearth area of ​​0.49 m2 Less than 1.5m installation area 2 The following is the result.

[0032] The incinerator 1 includes a primary combustion furnace 10, which receives and directly burns materials to be incinerated, such as paper, wood chips, and waste tires, to generate combustion gas G1; a ventilation mechanism 60 that blows air into the primary combustion furnace 10 to rotate the combustion gas G1 in a spiral circumferential direction; a secondary combustion furnace 20 that reburns the combustion gas G1 to generate reburned gas G2; an induction plate 30 for guiding the combustion gas G1 to the secondary combustion furnace 20; a combustion burner 41 attached to the lower end of the secondary combustion furnace 20; and a reburned gas exhaust unit 50 attached to the ceiling 21T of the secondary combustion furnace 20. The secondary combustion furnace 20 is located above the primary combustion furnace 10 and is connected to the primary combustion furnace 10 via the induction plate 30. The induction plate 30 is provided with one induction hole 32. An imaginary nozzle axis L1 extends circumferentially toward the induction hole 32. Here, the imaginary nozzle axis L1 is an imaginary axis extending along the direction in which the nozzle 41a attached to the combustion burner 41 extends.

[0033] The primary combustion furnace 10 and the secondary combustion furnace 20 are detachably connected via a connection part 70. In addition, the guide plate 30 is supported at the upper end of the primary combustion furnace 10 while separating the primary combustion furnace 10 and the secondary combustion furnace 20.

[0034] The primary outer shell 17 of the primary combustion furnace 10 is composed of a cylindrical outer wall 11 having a bottom plate 11a, and an inner wall 12 covering the inner surface of the outer wall 11. Examples of the material for the inner wall 12 include refractory materials such as firebricks and heat-resistant concrete, and examples of the material for the outer wall 11 include heat-resistant steel plates. This allows the inner wall 12 to be protected by the outer wall 11. In this embodiment, the primary combustion furnace 10 is exemplified as having a cylindrical shape, but is not necessarily limited to a cylindrical shape and may be, for example, a polygonal cylinder having a square, hexagonal, or other polygonal shape in plan view.

[0035] The primary combustion furnace 10 is provided with a substantially rectangular inlet 15 for feeding materials for incineration into the primary combustion furnace 10. This inlet 15 has a single-wing input door 15a pivotally attached to one end so that it can be opened and closed freely.

[0036] An ash discharge section 14 is connected to the lower position of the inlet 15, and a single-wing ash discharge door 14a is pivotally attached to the end of this ash discharge section 14 so that it can be opened and closed freely and is locked with a fastener. When this ash discharge door 14a is opened, the combustion ash of the incinerated material that has finished burning can be discharged to the outside.

[0037] The blower 60 is a device that operates a blower fan 61 to take in outside air from an air intake 62 and supply the taken-in outside air to the primary combustion furnace 10. The outside air is supplied to the primary combustion furnace 10 via an air duct 63.

[0038] The air ducts 63 are attached to the outer wall 11 and extend vertically from the lower end to the upper end of the outer wall 11. Two air ducts 63 are attached opposite each other and are connected at their lower ends via a connecting pipe 65. A blower fan 61 is connected to one of the air ducts 63.

[0039] The external air taken in by the blower fan 61 passes through the air duct 63 and then through a plurality of air holes 60a that penetrate the outer shell 17, and is supplied to the primary combustion furnace 10. The air holes 60a are holes that are inclined in the circumferential direction. As a result, the external air taken into the primary combustion furnace 10 by the blower device 60 promotes the combustion of the combustion gas G1 and causes the combustion gas G1 to spiral in the circumferential direction.

[0040] The guide plate 30 has a disk shape with a predetermined thickness and is supported on the upper end of the primary combustion furnace 10. The guide plate 30 is provided with one guide hole 32, and an imaginary guide hole axis L2 extends in the circumferential direction with an inclination angle R. The imaginary guide hole axis L2 is an imaginary line passing through the centroid of the guide hole 32 on the primary combustion furnace 10 side and the centroid of the guide hole 32 on the secondary combustion furnace 20 side. The imaginary guide hole axis L2 extends from the primary combustion furnace 10 side toward the secondary combustion furnace 20 side, away from the combustion burner 41.

[0041] The inclination angle R is preferably 35° to 55°, and more preferably 35° to 45°. This allows the re-burning gas in the secondary combustion furnace 20 to efficiently become a swirling flow. The shape of the induction hole 32 is such that the plane perpendicular to the imaginary induction hole axis L2 is circular. In other words, it is a cylindrical hole formed along the inclination angle R. This allows the combustion gas G1 to be smoothly introduced into the secondary combustion furnace 20.

[0042] The thickness of the guide plate 30 is preferably set so that the hole on the primary combustion furnace 10 side and the hole on the secondary combustion furnace 20 side are spaced a predetermined distance apart in a plan view. For example, when the inclination angle R is 45°, the thickness of the guide plate 30 is preferably greater than √2 times the diameter of the cylindrical hole. When the inclination angle R is less than 45°, the thickness of the guide plate 30 may be less than √2 times the diameter of the cylindrical hole, and when the inclination angle R is greater than 45°, the thickness of the guide plate 30 is preferably greater than √2 times the diameter of the cylindrical hole.

[0043] By setting the relationship between the thickness of the guide plate 30 and the shape of the guide hole 32 as described above, the combustion gas G1 flowing into the secondary combustion furnace 20 comes into contact with the surface of the guide hole 32, changes its path, and changes direction to the direction of the virtual guide hole axis L2 while being guided into the secondary combustion furnace 20. In other words, even if the combustion gas G1 rises vertically, it comes into contact with the wall surface of the guide hole 32 during the upward movement, and therefore does not flow directly into the secondary combustion furnace 20.

[0044] The relationship between the thickness of the guide plate 30, the inclination angle R, and the guide holes 32 described above is merely an example, and does not necessarily have to satisfy the above conditions. It is sufficient to ensure that a predetermined vortex flow can be generated when the combustion gas G1 flows into the secondary combustion furnace through the guide holes 32.

[0045] The secondary combustion furnace 20 has a cylindrical shape with the same diameter as the primary combustion furnace 10, and is detachably connected to the primary combustion furnace 10 via a connection part 70. The diameter of the secondary combustion furnace 20 may be set smaller than the diameter of the primary combustion furnace 10.

[0046] The secondary outer shell 27 of the secondary combustion furnace 20 is composed of a cylindrical outer peripheral wall 21 having a ceiling 21T, and an inner peripheral wall 22 that covers the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall 21. Examples of the material for the inner peripheral wall 22 include refractory materials such as firebricks and heat-resistant concrete, and examples of the material for the outer peripheral wall 21 include heat-resistant steel plates. This allows the inner peripheral wall 22 to be protected by the outer peripheral wall 21. In this embodiment, the secondary combustion furnace 20 is exemplified as having a cylindrical shape, but is not necessarily limited to a cylindrical shape and may be, for example, a polygonal cylinder that is rectangular, hexagonal, or the like in plan view.

[0047] A combustion burner 41 is attached to the outer peripheral wall 21 at the lower end of the secondary combustion furnace 20. The combustion burner 41 blows flame or air from a nozzle 41a into the secondary combustion furnace 20, thereby assisting in re-burning the combustion gas G1 generated in the primary combustion furnace 10 as re-burned gas G2 in the secondary combustion furnace 20.

[0048] The combustion burner 41 can adjust the amount of fuel it blows in to appropriately adjust the combustion assistance in the secondary combustion furnace 20. If the temperature of the primary combustion furnace 10 rises, it is possible to stop blowing fuel such as gas or kerosene into the combustion burner 41 and leave it to blow air only.

[0049] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the re-burned gas exhaust section 50 is attached to the ceiling 21T and has a cylindrical portion 51 extending toward the guide plate 30 and a blocking portion 52 that blocks the tip of the cylindrical portion 51, and the cylindrical portion 51 is provided with an exhaust port 53 for exhausting the re-burned gas G2 to the outside.

[0050] It is preferable that the lower end of the discharge port 53 is set at a position higher than at least the tip of the nozzle 41a. More preferably, the lower end of the blocking section 52 is set at a position higher than the tip of the nozzle 41a. This ensures sufficient circumferential rotation of the reburned gas G2, and ensures that the reburned gas G2 remains in the secondary combustion furnace 20 for a predetermined period of time.

[0051] Exhaust port 53 is defined by an outer edge formed by a curve with a nearly constant curvature. Specifically, it is a hole that is approximately circular when viewed from the front. Furthermore, an installation portion 54 is provided at the upper end of cylindrical portion 51 for installation on ceiling 21T. This structure makes the reburned gas exhaust portion less susceptible to stress concentration due to temperature changes, improving the durability of the reburned gas exhaust portion, which has traditionally been considered a structural weakness.

[0052] The use of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described.

[0053] The loading door 15a of the primary combustion furnace 10 is opened, and materials to be incinerated, such as waste tires and waste plastic, are loaded into the primary combustion furnace 10. Paper, wood, and other combustion aids are also loaded to facilitate ignition. When igniting, the blower fan 61 installed on the lower outer surface of the primary combustion furnace 10 is started, and air circulating in the circumferential direction is supplied into the primary combustion furnace 10 from the blower holes 60a.

[0054] This promotes combustion of the material to be burned, and the primary combustion gas G1 rises while rotating in a spiral shape in the circumferential direction.

[0055] When the waste tires or the like are ignited and combustion progresses, and the temperature of the primary combustion furnace 10 rises, the airflow rate of the blower fan 61 is reduced to adjust the amount of outside air flowing in through the air vents 60a.

[0056] The combustion gas G1 generated by the primary combustion passes through the guide holes 32 provided in the guide plate 30 and flows directly into the secondary combustion furnace 20. At this time, the direction of travel of the combustion gas G1 is changed to the circumferential direction by the inclination angle R of the guide holes 32, and the combustion gas G1 moves along the inner circumferential wall, thereby imparting a swirling force. Furthermore, a flame is ejected from the nozzle 41a provided at the tip of the combustion burner 41 in the direction of the imaginary nozzle axis L1, thereby promoting the combustion of the re-burned gas G2 and further increasing the swirling force.

[0057] The reburned gas G2 is maintained in a swirling state in the secondary combustion furnace 20. During this swirling state, unburned gas contained in the reburned gas G2 is completely combusted. Also, during this swirling state, soot, dust, etc. contained in the reburned gas G2 are completely combusted in the secondary combustion furnace 20, and clean smokeless gas is discharged upward from the exhaust port 53.

[0058] In other words, the purpose of rotating the reburned gas G2 in a spiral circumferential direction within the secondary combustion furnace 20 is to increase the residence time of the reburned gas G2 within the secondary combustion furnace 20, and during that time, to completely burn the unburned gas, soot, dust, etc. contained in the reburned gas G2.

[0059] As described above, the primary combustion furnace 10, secondary combustion furnace 20, guide plate 30, and reburned gas discharge section 50 are arranged in series in the vertical direction, so the temperatures of the combustion gas G1 and reburned gas G2 do not drop midway, thereby increasing combustion efficiency. Furthermore, each component has a relatively simple structure, making it easy to improve durability. Furthermore, the manufacturing cost is low, making it easy to install and use in small and medium-sized businesses and ordinary homes.

[0060] The incinerator in this embodiment is merely an example, and can be modified within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0061] The small combustion furnace of this embodiment has high combustion efficiency and can minimize the generation of soot, smoke, dust, etc., so it can be installed without restrictions on installation location. In addition, it is inexpensive, and it is expected to be used in small and medium-sized businesses and ordinary homes, so it has great industrial applicability. [Explanation of symbols]

[0062] 1. Incinerator 10 Primary combustion furnace 20 Secondary combustion furnace 21T ceiling 30 Guidance plate 32 Guide hole 41 Combustion Burner 50 Reburning gas exhaust section 51 Cylindrical part 52 Occlusion 53 Outlet 60 Blower 60a Ventilation hole 63 Air pipe 70 Connection G1 Combustion Gas G2 Reburning Gas L1 Virtual nozzle axis L2 Virtual guide hole axis R Tilt angle

Claims

1. A primary combustion furnace that directly burns the materials to be incinerated and generates combustion gases; a blower that blows air into the primary combustion furnace and causes the combustion gas to spiral in a circumferential direction; a secondary combustion furnace that re-burns the combustion gas generated in the primary combustion furnace as a re-burning gas; an induction plate having one induction hole for guiding the combustion gas to the secondary combustion furnace; a combustion burner attached to a lower end of the secondary combustion furnace; a re-burning gas exhaust unit attached to the ceiling of the secondary combustion furnace; the secondary combustion furnace is located above the primary combustion furnace and is connected to the primary combustion furnace via the induction plate; a virtual nozzle axis, which is a direction in which a nozzle provided at a tip end of the combustion burner extends, extends in a circumferential direction toward the induction hole; The reburned gas reburned by the combustion burner rotates in a spiral shape in the circumferential direction within the secondary combustion furnace and is discharged from the reburned gas discharge section, a virtual induction hole axis passing through the centroid of the induction hole on the side of the primary combustion furnace and the centroid of the induction hole on the side of the secondary combustion furnace extends in a direction in which the virtual nozzle axis extends, with an inclination angle; The tilt angle is 35° to 55°, The guide plate is a concrete plate, A combustion furnace characterized in that the thickness of the induction plate is set so that the hole on the primary combustion furnace side and the hole on the secondary combustion furnace side are separated by a predetermined distance in a plan view.

2. The incinerator described in claim 1, characterized in that the virtual nozzle axis extends in a direction intersecting the surface of the induction plate facing the secondary combustion furnace, either parallel to the surface of the induction plate facing the secondary combustion furnace or crossing the virtual induction hole axis.

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