Fire prevention systems and fire detectors

Abstract

To monitor an abnormality not to be determined by a sensitivity test or a dirtiness test in a fire detector, so as to report a malfunction before occurrence.SOLUTION: In a fire detector 12, a deterioration test section 86 functioning as an abnormality determination section determines a deterioration abnormality in a function configuration section, so as to transmit a determination result of the deterioration abnormality determined by the deterioration test section 86. A disaster prevention system including the fire detector 12 reports the deterioration abnormality determined by the deterioration test section 86. In a sensitivity test and a dirtiness test, the deterioration test section 86 determines the deterioration abnormality by acquiring information which is different from any of information on a detection sensitivity of sensor sections 64, 68 to be light receiving sensors and information on dirtiness of translucent windows 50L, 50R and which is information on voltage / current related to an operation of the function configuration section.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system provided with a fire detector that detects fires in a detection area, and to the fire detector. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, in tunnels for expressways and the like, fire detectors that monitor fires are installed to protect people and vehicles from fire accidents that occur within the tunnel, and these detectors are connected to signal lines drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel.

[0003] The fire detectors have detection areas on both the left and right sides, and are placed consecutively along the length of the tunnel, for example, at intervals of 25 m or 50 m, so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a complementary manner.

[0004] In addition, the fire detector monitors radiation, such as infrared rays, from fire flames occurring inside the tunnel through a translucent window, and in order to maintain its flame monitoring function, sensitivity tests are conducted to monitor the sensitivity of the light-receiving element and dirt tests are conducted to monitor dirt on the translucent window.

[0005] The sensitivity test of the light receiving element involves detecting the light receiving sensitivity by illuminating the light receiving element from a test light source, equivalent to the light from a simulated flame, with a test signal periodically transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel. The light receiving value is corrected with a correction value that is the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity until the light receiving sensitivity drops to a predetermined threshold sensitivity. If the detection sensitivity drops to the predetermined sensitivity threshold and correction becomes impossible, a light receiving element failure signal is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel, which issues a sensor failure alarm. A higher warning sensitivity threshold is set for the sensitivity threshold, and if the detection sensitivity falls below the warning sensitivity threshold, a warning alarm for abnormal sensitivity is issued.

[0006] In the light-transmitting window contamination test, when a test signal periodically transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel is received, test light from a test light source installed outside the fire detector is incident on the light-transmitting window, the light is received by a light-receiving element to determine the light attenuation rate, and if the light attenuation rate exceeds a predetermined dirt threshold, a dirt abnormality signal is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel to output a dirt alarm.In addition, a lower warning dirt threshold is set for the dirt threshold, and if the light attenuation rate exceeds the dirt warning threshold, a warning alarm for a dirt abnormality is output. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-325271 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-246962 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-128381 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-026446 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-315285 [Patent Document 6] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-249520 [Patent Document 7] Patent No. 5302086 [Patent Document 8] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-246552 [Patent Document 9] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-035818 [Patent Document 10] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-236577 [Patent Document 11] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-149866 Summary of the Invention

[0008] However, such tests of conventional fire detectors are unable to detect faults other than failures of the light receiving element and its signal processing circuit due to lightning strikes, etc., or dirt on the translucent window. As a result, after a long period of operation, there have been frequent cases where the fire detector suddenly malfunctions even when it appears to be operating normally without any sensor failures detected in sensitivity tests or abnormal dirt detected in dirt tests, which raises the risk of not being able to ensure the reliability of the tunnel disaster prevention system.

[0009] The present invention aims to provide a disaster prevention system and a fire detector capable of monitoring abnormalities in a fire detector that cannot be determined by sensitivity tests or dirt tests and reporting them before a malfunction occurs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] (Disaster prevention system) The present invention is a disaster prevention system provided with a fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area using a light receiving sensor, The abnormality determination unit determines a deterioration abnormality in a functional component that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to reaching a failure abnormality, which is a failure state of a functional component that constitutes the fire detector, and notifies the deterioration abnormality determined by the abnormality determination unit; The abnormality determination unit is characterized in that during a sensitivity test to test the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and during a dirt test which is a test different from the sensitivity test and which monitors dirt on the translucent window through which external light energy passes when it enters the light receiving sensor, it obtains information different from both the information on the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and the information on the dirt on the translucent window, which is information on the voltage or current related to the operation of the functional component, and determines a deterioration abnormality based on the information on the voltage or current.

[0011] (Fire detector) The present invention also provides a fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area using a light receiving sensor, The abnormality determination unit determines whether a functional component that constitutes the fire detector has a deterioration abnormality that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to reaching a failure abnormality, which is a failure state of the functional component, and transmits the determination result of the deterioration abnormality determined by the abnormality determination unit; The abnormality determination unit is characterized in that during a sensitivity test to test the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and during a dirt test which is a test different from the sensitivity test and which monitors dirt on the translucent window through which external light energy passes when it enters the light receiving sensor, it obtains information different from both the information on the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and the information on the dirt on the translucent window, which is information on the voltage or current related to the operation of the functional component, and determines a deterioration abnormality based on the information on the voltage or current. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] (Disaster prevention systems and fire detectors) The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system and fire detector equipped with a fire detector that uses a light-receiving sensor to detect light energy from a fire in a detection area, and the fire detector is equipped with an abnormality judgment unit that judges abnormal deterioration of functional components that are recognized as being in a deteriorated state before reaching a failure abnormality, which is a failure state of at least the functional components that make up the fire detector, and the abnormality judgment unit acquires information related to the voltage or current pertaining to the operation of the functional component, which is different from both information related to the detection sensitivity of the light-receiving sensor and information related to the dirt on the light-transmitting window, during a sensitivity test that tests the detection sensitivity of the light-receiving sensor and during a dirt test that is a different test from the sensitivity test and that monitors dirt on the light-transmitting window through which external light energy passes when incident on the light-receiving sensor, and judges abnormal deterioration based on the information related to the voltage or current, so that there is no need for a dedicated test for abnormal deterioration, and abnormal deterioration can be judged in conjunction with tests related to abnormal detection sensitivity, such as a sensitivity test or a dirt test, thereby shortening the test time.

[0013] (Effect of identifying the functional component where the deterioration abnormality occurred) Furthermore, the abnormality determination unit determines whether a deterioration abnormality has occurred in each of the multiple functional components of the fire detector that are the subject of deterioration abnormality determination, thereby making it possible to identify the functional component in which the deterioration abnormality has occurred.This makes it possible to take measures such as replacing the fire detector that is experiencing the deterioration abnormality with a spare fire detector before it malfunctions, and makes it possible to continuously maintain the reliability of fire monitoring and identify the part where the deterioration abnormality has occurred, even if the system deteriorates over time. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] An explanatory diagram showing the overview of the tunnel disaster prevention system [Figure 2] Block diagram showing the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel [Figure 3] An explanatory diagram showing the appearance of a fire detector [Figure 4] Block diagram showing the functional configuration of a fire detector [Figure 5] Flowchart showing the control operation of the disaster prevention receiving panel [Figure 6] Flowchart showing the control operation of the fire detector DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] [Outline of the tunnel disaster prevention system] Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of a tunnel disaster prevention system. As shown in Figure 1, an inbound tunnel 1a and an outbound tunnel 1b have been constructed as tunnels for a motorway.

[0016] Inside the up-track tunnel 1a and the down-track tunnel 1b, fire detectors 12 are installed at intervals of, for example, 25 meters or 50 meters along the walls in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Each fire detector 12 has two sets of fire detection units, so it has detection areas in both the up-track and down-track directions in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and is continuously arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a complementary manner, and detects fires by observing radiation, such as infrared rays, from flames caused by a fire that breaks out within the detection area.

[0017] In addition, emergency facilities such as manual reporting devices and emergency telephones for reporting fires, fire hydrant devices for extinguishing fires and preventing the spread of fires, and water sprayers that spray fire water from water spray heads to protect the tunnel body and ducts from fires are also installed in the up-track tunnel 1a and down-track tunnel 1b, but these are not shown in the illustration.

[0018] Transmission lines 14a and 14b including power lines are drawn from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b, respectively, to connect the fire detectors 12, and a unique address is set for each line of the fire detectors 12.

[0019] In addition, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is equipped with a fire pump system 16, duct cooling pump system 18, IG slave station system 20, ventilation system 22, alarm display board system 24, radio rebroadcast system 26, television monitoring system 28, and lighting system 30, and except for the IG slave station system 20 which is connected via a data transmission line, all other equipment is individually connected to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via P-type signal lines. Here, the IG slave station system 20 is a communication system which connects the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to remote monitoring and control system 32, which is a higher-level system installed externally, via a network.

[0020] The ventilation equipment 22 is a facility that applies energy to the air inside the tunnel by operating jet fans installed on the ceiling side of the tunnel to blow out air at high speeds, thereby creating a ventilation flow in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0021] The warning display board equipment 24 is equipment that notifies tunnel users of any abnormalities inside the tunnel by displaying them on an electronic display board. The radio rebroadcast equipment 26 is equipment that allows drivers and others inside the tunnel to receive information from the road administrator. The television monitoring equipment 28 is equipment that confirms the scale and location of a fire, activates water spray equipment, and grasps the situation inside the tunnel when providing evacuation guidance. The lighting equipment 30 is equipment that drives and manages the lighting equipment inside the tunnel.

[0022] [Disaster prevention receiving panel] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel. As shown in Figure 2, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is equipped with a panel control unit 34. The panel control unit 34 has functions that are realized, for example, by executing a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, etc.

[0023] Transmission units 36a and 36b are provided for the panel control unit 34, and multiple fire detectors 12 installed in the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b are connected to transmission lines 14a and 14b drawn from the transmission units 36a and 36b, respectively.

[0024] The panel control unit 34 is also provided with an alarm unit 38 equipped with a speaker, alarm indicator lights, etc., a display unit 40 equipped with an LCD display, printer, etc., an operation unit 42 equipped with various switches, etc., and a modem 44 connecting the IG slave station equipment 20 which communicates with external monitoring equipment, and further with an IO unit 46 connected to the fire pump equipment 16, cooling pump equipment 18, ventilation equipment 22, alarm display board equipment 24, radio rebroadcasting equipment 26, television monitoring equipment 28 and lighting equipment 30 shown in Figure 1.

[0025] The panel control unit 34 instructs the transmission units 36a and 36b to repeatedly send call signals including polling commands that sequentially specify the addresses of the fire detectors 12, and when the fire detectors 12 receive a call signal that matches their own address, they send back a response signal including their own status information, such as fire detection and test results.

[0026] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 detects a fire by receiving a response signal from the fire detector 12, it outputs a fire alarm using the alarm unit 38 and also controls the IO unit 46 to instruct the linked control of other equipment.

[0027] Furthermore, when the system is started up or at predetermined intervals during operation, the panel control unit 34 transmits a test signal containing a test instruction command that sequentially specifies the addresses of the fire detectors 12, causing the fire detectors 12 to perform sensitivity tests, contamination tests, and deterioration tests and respond with the results of each test. Also, by performing a test operation that specifies the address of a specific fire detector 12 using the operation unit 42, it is possible to transmit a test signal to an individual fire detector to perform the test.

[0028] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal of a sensitivity abnormality warning obtained by a sensitivity test of the fire detector 12, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to issue a sensitivity abnormality warning alarm specifying the address of the fire detector, and controls the unit to notify the user by an alarm sound, display, or printout.

[0029] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating a sensor failure obtained by a sensitivity test of the fire detector 12, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to issue a sensor failure alarm specifying the address of the fire detector, and controls the alarm to be notified by an alarm sound, display, or printout.

[0030] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a contamination abnormality warning signal obtained by a contamination test of the fire detector 12, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to issue a contamination abnormality warning alarm specifying the address of the fire detector, and controls the unit to notify the user by alarm sound, display, and printing.

[0031] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating abnormal contamination obtained by a contamination test of the fire detector 12, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to issue a contamination alarm specifying the address of the fire detector, and controls the alarm to be notified by alarm sound, display, and printing.

[0032] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal of a deterioration abnormality warning obtained by a deterioration test of the fire detector 12, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to issue a deterioration abnormality warning alarm specifying the address of the fire detector, and controls the unit to notify the user by alarm sound, display, and printing.

[0033] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating a deterioration abnormality obtained by a deterioration test of the fire detector 12, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to issue a deterioration abnormality alarm specifying the address of the fire detector, and controls the alarm to be notified by alarm sound, display, and printing.

[0034] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating a warning, failure, or abnormality obtained through the sensitivity test, dirt test, and deterioration test of the fire detector 12, it transmits the signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG substation equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, and controls the issuance of a warning alarm, failure alarm, or abnormality alarm.

[0035] Furthermore, the panel control unit 34 controls to change the thresholds for determining abnormal sensitivity, abnormal contamination, and abnormal deterioration set in the fire detectors 12, and the warning thresholds for determining warnings of abnormal sensitivity, abnormal contamination, and abnormal deterioration, based on the operation of the operation unit 42 using the display of the display unit 40. The control to change the thresholds and warning thresholds can change the thresholds or warning thresholds of all the fire detectors 12 at once, or can change the threshold or warning threshold of a specific fire detector 12 by specifying an address.

[0036] In the following description, the transmission paths 14a and 14b and the transmission units 36a and 36b may be referred to as the transmission path 14 and the transmission unit 36 ​​when there is no need to distinguish between them.

[0037] [Fire detector] (Appearance of a fire detector) FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the appearance of the fire detector, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the fire detector.

[0038] 3, the fire detector 12 has two pairs of light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L, separated into left and right, in a sensor housing 51 provided in the upper part of the housing 49, and a sensor unit is disposed in each of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L. In addition, two pairs of light-transmitting windows 52R, 52L for test light sources, which house external test light sources used for soiling tests of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L, are provided near the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L in positions where the sensor units can be seen through.

[0039] In the following description, the light-transmitting window 50R may be referred to as the right-eye light-transmitting window 50R, and the light-transmitting window 50L may be referred to as the left-eye light-transmitting window 50L.

[0040] (Outline of fire detector configuration) 4, the fire detector 12 is provided with a detector control unit 54, a transmission unit 56, a power supply unit 58, two sets of left and right fire detection units 60R, 60L, a test light emission drive unit 72, internal test light sources 74R, 75R and internal test light sources 74L, 75L used for sensitivity tests, and external test light sources 76R, 76L used for dirt tests. In the following description, the fire detection unit 60R may be referred to as the right-eye fire detection unit 60R, and the fire detection unit 60L may be referred to as the left-eye fire detection unit 60L.

[0041] The detector control unit 54 is a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit or the like equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, and the like.

[0042] The transmission unit 56 is connected to the transmission unit 36 ​​of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in FIG. 2 by the serial transmission line S and serial transmission common line SC of the transmission path 14, and transmits and receives various signals by serial transmission.

[0043] The power supply unit 58 receives power from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in Figure 2 via the power line B and power common line BC included in the transmission path 14, and is divided into circuit blocks such as the detector control unit 54, transmission unit 56, two sets of fire detection units 60R and 60L on the left and right, and test light emission drive unit 72, and is supplied with predetermined power supply voltages Vcc1 to Vcc5.

[0044] Here, power supply voltage Vcc1 is supplied to the transmission unit 56, power supply voltage Vcc2 is supplied to the detector control unit 54, power supply voltage Vcc3 is supplied to the fire detection unit 60R, power supply voltage Vcc4 is supplied to the fire detection unit 60L, and power supply voltage Vcc5 is supplied to the test light emission drive unit 72.

[0045] A voltage and current detection unit 78 is individually provided on the power supply line from the power supply unit 58 to each circuit block, and detects the power supply voltage and current consumption for each circuit block and outputs the results to the detector control unit 54. The voltage and current detection unit 78 detects voltage by directly extracting the voltage from the power supply line, and detects current by inserting and connecting a low resistance for current detection into the power supply line and extracting the voltage across it as a current detection voltage.

[0046] The test light emission driver 72 is connected to internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, and 75L used for sensitivity tests, and external test light sources 76R and 76L used for dirt tests, each of which is provided with an LED as a light emitting element.

[0047] (Fire detection section) The fire detection units 60R, 60L include sensor units 64, 68 and amplification processing units 66, 70. Taking the right fire detection unit 60R as an example, a right light-transmitting window 50R provided in the detector cover is disposed in front of the sensor units 64, 68, and light energy from the external detection area is incident on the sensor units 64, 68 through the right light-transmitting window 50R.

[0048] The right-eye fire detection unit 60R monitors fires, for example, by two-wavelength flame detection. The sensor unit 64 selectively transmits (passes) radiation of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is the CO2 resonance radiation band specific to fires, from the light energy incident through the right-eye translucent window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, detects the energy of the radiation using a light-receiving sensor, performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using an amplifier processing unit 66 to generate a light-receiving signal corresponding to the amount of energy, and outputs it to the detector control unit 54.

[0049] The sensor unit 68 selectively transmits (passes) radiation energy of 5 to 6 μm from the light energy incident through the left eye translucent window 50L using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, detects the radiation energy using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using an amplification processing unit 70 to convert it into a light receiving signal corresponding to the amount of energy and outputs it to the detector control unit 54.

[0050] The amplification processing units 66 and 70 are provided with a preamplifier, a filter that passes the flame fluctuation frequency band, a power amplifier, and the like.

[0051] (Fire judgment) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a fire determination unit 80, which is a function realized by executing a program. The fire determination unit 80 determines the presence or absence of a flame by, for example, taking the relative ratio of the light reception values ​​(light reception signal levels) output from the amplification processing units 66, 70 of the right eye fire detection unit 60R and comparing it with a predetermined threshold value, and when it determines that a fire is present, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to set fire detection information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmits the response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0052] (Sensitivity test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a sensitivity test unit 82, which is a function realized by executing a program. The sensitivity test unit 82 operates when it receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and instructs the test light emission drive unit 72 to sequentially drive the internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, and 75L to emit light to perform a sensitivity test of the fire detection units 60R and 60L.

[0053] For example, in a sensitivity test of the circuit system of the sensor unit 64 and amplification processing unit 66 in the right eye fire detection unit 60R, the test light emission driving unit 72 drives the internal test light sources 74R and 75R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64. The simulated flame light from the internal test light source 74R contains radiation energy of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is specific to a flame and received by the sensor unit 64, and 5 to 6 μm, which is received by the sensor unit 68, and is light having a fluctuation frequency of 8 to 12 Hz, which is specific to a flame.

[0054] The sensitivity test section 82 performs a sensitivity test for each circuit block of the sensor section 64 and the amplification processing section 66, and for each circuit block of the sensor section 68 and the amplification processing section .

[0055] For example, in the sensitivity test of the circuit blocks of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66, a reference light reception value that is initially set at the time of shipment from the factory is stored in memory, and the detected light reception value obtained in the sensitivity test at system startup matches the reference light reception value, and the detection sensitivity obtained by dividing the detected light reception value by the reference light reception value is 1. As the operating period passes, the detected light reception value gradually decreases, and the detection sensitivity decreases to 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, and so on.

[0056] In this way, when the detection sensitivity drops to 1 or less, the sensitivity test unit 82 determines the detection sensitivity through a sensitivity test, and also determines a correction value which is the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity and stores it in memory. The light reception value detected in the subsequent operating state is multiplied by the correction value to perform sensitivity correction, and the fire judgment unit 80 judges a fire based on the sensitivity-corrected light reception value.

[0057] Furthermore, the sensitivity test unit 82 is preset with a sensitivity threshold value corresponding to the limit at which sensitivity correction becomes impossible, for example, a sensitivity threshold value of 0.5, and if the detection sensitivity determined in the sensitivity test is equal to or lower than the sensitivity threshold value, it determines that the failure is due to abnormal sensitivity of the sensor unit 64, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set sensor failure information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit the response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. Note that, in order to ensure a reliable determination of sensor failure, the sensitivity test unit 82 may transmit a response signal setting a sensor failure if it determines multiple consecutive times that the failure is due to abnormal sensitivity.

[0058] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 82 is preset with a predetermined warning threshold for sensitivity abnormality that is greater than the sensitivity threshold, for example, a warning threshold of 0.6, and if the detection sensitivity determined by the sensitivity test is equal to or less than the warning threshold for sensitivity abnormality, it determines that a failure due to sensitivity abnormality in the sensor unit 64 is imminent, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set warning information for sensitivity abnormality in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0059] A sensitivity test of the circuit system of the sensor section 68 and the amplification processing section 70 in the left eye fire detection section 60L is also performed in a similar manner by driving the internal test light sources 74L and 75L to emit light using the test light emission driving section 72.

[0060] (Stain test) The detector control unit 54 has the function of a dirt test unit 84, which is a function realized by executing a program. The dirt test unit 84 operates when it receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and instructs the test light emission drive unit 72 to sequentially drive the external test light sources 76R, 76L to emit light and perform a dirt test on the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L.

[0061] For example, in the case of a stain test on the light-transmitting window 50R, the test light emission drive unit 72 drives the external test light source 76R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64 through the light-transmitting window 50R. The simulated flame light from the external test light source 76R contains radiation energy of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is specific to flames and received by the sensor unit 64, and 5 to 6 μm, which is received by the sensor unit 68, and is light having a fluctuation frequency of 8 to 12 Hz, which is specific to flames.

[0062] The light-transmitting window 50R is free of dirt when shipped from the factory, and the light reception value obtained in a dirt test at that time is stored in memory as a reference light reception value, which is used to calculate the light attenuation rate.

[0063] The detected light reception value obtained in the dirt test at system startup matches the reference light reception value, and the light attenuation rate obtained by subtracting the detected light reception value from the reference light reception value and dividing the result by the reference light reception value is 0. As the operation period passes, dirt accumulates on the translucent window 50R, and the light attenuation rate gradually increases to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and so on.

[0064] When the light attenuation rate increases in this way, the dirt test unit 84 determines the light attenuation rate through a dirt test, and also determines a correction value which is the reciprocal of (1 - light attenuation rate) and stores this in memory.The light reception value detected in the subsequent operational state (the light reception value corrected by the correction value from the sensitivity test) is divided by the correction value to perform a dirt correction, and the fire judgment unit 80 judges a fire based on the dirt-corrected light reception value.The light reception value detected in the operational state is corrected by the correction value obtained in the sensitivity test and the correction value obtained in the dirt test.

[0065] In addition, the dirt test unit 84 is preset with a dirt threshold value, for example, a dirt threshold value of 0.5, which is the light attenuation rate corresponding to the limit at which dirt correction becomes impossible, and if the light attenuation rate obtained in the dirt test is equal to or exceeds the dirt threshold value, it is determined to be a dirt abnormality that makes dirt correction of the translucent window 50R impossible, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set dirt abnormality information in the response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0066] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 82 is preset with a predetermined dirt warning threshold that is smaller than the dirt threshold, for example, a dirt warning threshold of 0.4, and if the light attenuation rate determined in the dirt test is equal to or greater than the dirt warning threshold, it determines that a dirt abnormality is imminent and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set dirt abnormality warning information in the response signal to the call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0067] (Deterioration test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a deterioration test unit 86 as a function realized by executing a program.

[0068] When the deterioration test unit 86 receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56 and the sensitivity test unit 82 and dirt test unit 84 operate sequentially to perform sensitivity tests and dirt tests, it periodically reads from the A / D conversion port the detection signals of the power supply voltages Vcc1 to Vcc5 and consumption currents (power supply currents) Icc1 to Icc5 being tested, which are detected by the voltage / current detection unit 78 provided on the power supply line to each circuit block, and stores them in memory, then calculates the average values ​​of the multiple power supply voltages and consumption currents stored in memory as the internal voltages and consumption currents of each circuit block, determines a deterioration abnormality from changes in the measured internal voltages or consumption currents, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set deterioration failure information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmits it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0069] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the internal voltage and current consumption will decrease as each circuit block of the fire detector 12 deteriorates. For this reason, the internal voltage and current consumption of each circuit block measured by testing before shipping from the factory are stored as reference values ​​in the memory of the detector control unit 54, and predetermined voltage thresholds and current thresholds that determine how much a decrease from these reference values ​​is required to determine whether a deterioration abnormality has occurred are also stored in advance, and predetermined warning voltage thresholds and warning current thresholds that are used to give a warning before determining whether a deterioration abnormality has occurred are also stored in advance.

[0070] The degradation test unit 86 has the function of an abnormality determination unit that determines a degradation abnormality, and determines that a degradation abnormality has occurred when the internal voltage measured for each circuit block is equal to or below a predetermined voltage threshold, or when the measured current consumption is equal to or below a predetermined current threshold, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set degradation failure information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit the response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. Note that, in order to ensure a determination of a degradation abnormality, the degradation test unit 86 may be configured to transmit a response signal setting degradation failure information if it determines that a degradation abnormality has occurred multiple times in succession.

[0071] In addition, if the internal voltage of a circuit block measured through the sensitivity test and the dirt test is below the warning voltage threshold or falls below the warning voltage threshold, or if the measured current consumption is below the warning current threshold or falls below the warning current threshold, the deterioration test unit 86 determines that the circuit block is about to experience a deterioration abnormality, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set warning information about the deterioration abnormality in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0072] The deterioration test by the deterioration test section 86 may measure only the internal voltage or current consumption and determine the degree of deterioration in the same manner as described above.

[0073] [Disaster prevention monitoring system operation] (Operation of the disaster prevention receiving panel) FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the disaster prevention receiving panel, which is the control operation by the panel control unit 34 provided in the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 of FIG.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 5, when the power supply to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is turned on and the system is started up, the panel control unit 34 performs a predetermined initialization process in step S1, and then proceeds to step S2 to perform a fire monitoring process.

[0075] As the fire monitoring process in step S2, the panel control unit 34 instructs the transmission units 36a, 36b to transmit call signals with sequentially specified addresses to the transmission paths 14a, 14b, and receives and processes response signals transmitted from the fire detectors 12 with matching addresses. Here, if the panel control unit 34 detects a fire by receiving a response signal, it causes the alarm unit 38 to output a fire alarm and instructs the IO unit 46 to control interlocking with other equipment, and also transmits a fire detection signal via the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 shown in Fig. 1 to output a fire alarm.

[0076] Next, when the panel control unit 34 determines in step S3 that a specified test timing, for example once a day, has been reached, it proceeds to step S4, where it sends a test signal containing a test instruction command specifying the address of the first fire detector 12 that has been initially set up, and causes the fire detector 12 to perform a sensitivity test, a dirt test, and a deterioration test.

[0077] Next, the process proceeds to step S5, and when the panel control unit 34 determines that it has received a response signal containing the test result from the fire detector 12 that instructed the test, the process proceeds to step S6, where it notifies and stores the test result.

[0078] As a test result of step S6, if the panel control unit 34 obtains warning information of a sensitivity abnormality from the response signal, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to output and display a warning warning of the sensitivity abnormality, and further to print it out on a printer, and also sends a warning signal of the sensitivity abnormality from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, so that a warning warning of the sensitivity abnormality is output.

[0079] Furthermore, if sensor failure information is obtained from the response signal after issuing a sensitivity abnormality warning, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to output and display a sensor failure warning, and even to print it out, and also sends a sensor failure signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to output a sensor failure warning.

[0080] On the other hand, if the test result of step S6 indicates that a warning of a soiling abnormality has been obtained from the response signal, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to output and display a warning of a soiling abnormality, and even to print it out, and also sends a warning signal of a soiling abnormality from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, causing the output of a warning of a soiling abnormality.

[0081] Furthermore, when abnormal soiling information is obtained from the response signal, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to output and display a soiling alarm and also to print it out, and also sends an abnormal soiling signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to output an abnormal soiling alarm, and cleaning work is then carried out on the translucent window.

[0082] Furthermore, if the test result of step S6 indicates that a deterioration abnormality warning has been obtained from the response signal, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to output and display a deterioration abnormality warning, and even to print it out, and also sends a deterioration abnormality warning signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, causing the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 to output a deterioration abnormality warning.

[0083] Furthermore, when deterioration abnormality information is obtained from the response signal, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to output and display a deterioration alarm, and also to print it out, and also to send a deterioration abnormality signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, to output a deterioration abnormality alarm, and then take measures such as replacing the fire detector with a spare one.

[0084] Next, the process proceeds to step S7, and the processes of steps S4 to S7 are repeated until it is determined that testing of all addresses of the fire detector 12 has been completed.

[0085] (Fire detector operation) FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the fire detector, which is the control operation by the detector control unit 54 provided in the fire detector 12 of FIG.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 6, when the fire detector 12 is started up by receiving power from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, the detector control unit 54 performs a predetermined initialization process in step S11, and then proceeds to step S12 to perform a fire detection process.

[0087] As part of the fire detection process in step S12, the detector control unit 54 reads the received light values ​​output from the amplification processing units 66, 70 of the fire detection units 60R, 60L, corrects the received light values ​​using the correction values ​​obtained in the sensitivity test and the correction values ​​obtained in the dirt test, calculates the ratio of the two, and if the ratio exceeds a predetermined threshold, determines that there is a fire, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set fire detection information in a response signal to the reception of a call signal specifying its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0088] Next, when the detector control unit 54 determines in step S13 that it has received a test signal specifying its own address, it performs sensitivity test processing, dirt test processing, and deterioration test processing in steps S14 to S16, and transmits the test results for each test processing to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via a response signal.

[0089] That is, in the sensitivity test processing of step S14, the detector control unit 54 instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to drive the internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, 75L to emit light, and by irradiating the flame test light to the sensor units 64, 68, the detector control unit 54 reads the detected light reception value output from the amplification processing units 66, 70, calculates the detection sensitivity based on the reference light reception value, and calculates a sensitivity correction value and stores it in memory.If the detection sensitivity is below the sensitivity abnormality warning threshold, the detector control unit 54 instructs the transmission unit 56 to send a response signal containing sensitivity abnormality warning information to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and further, if the detection sensitivity is below the sensitivity abnormality threshold, the detector control unit 54 instructs the transmission unit 56 to send a response signal containing sensor failure information to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0090] In addition, in the dirt test processing of step S15, the detector control unit 54 instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to drive the external test light sources 76R, 76L to emit light, and causes the flame test light to be incident on the sensor units 64, 68 through the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L, and reads the received light value output from, for example, the amplification processing unit 66, calculates the light attenuation rate based on the reference received light value, and calculates a dirt correction value and stores it in memory.If the light attenuation rate is greater than or equal to the dirt abnormality warning threshold, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to send a response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 containing the dirt abnormality warning information, and further, if the light attenuation rate is less than or equal to the dirt abnormality threshold, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to send a response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 containing the dirt abnormality information.

[0091] Furthermore, in the deterioration test processing of step S16, the internal voltage and current consumption for each circuit block in the sensitivity test of step S14 and the dirt test of step S15 are determined based on the detection signal of the voltage / current detection unit 78, and if the internal voltage is below the predicted voltage threshold or the current consumption is below the predicted current threshold, the transmission unit 56 is instructed to send a response signal containing deterioration abnormality warning information to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and further if the internal voltage is below the voltage threshold or the current consumption is below the current threshold, the transmission unit 56 is instructed to send a response signal containing deterioration abnormality information to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0092] [Example of determining deterioration abnormalities using a disaster prevention receiving panel] In another embodiment of the tunnel disaster prevention system, the deterioration test section 86 provided in the detector control section 54 of the fire detector 12 shown in Figure 4 measures the internal voltage and current consumption during the sensitivity test and the dirt test, and transmits a response signal setting the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and the panel control section 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in Figure 2 is provided with the function of an abnormality determination section that determines deterioration abnormalities, and the deterioration of the detector circuit section is determined from the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption during the test received from the fire detector 12 by the panel control section 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. For this reason, predetermined voltage thresholds and current thresholds for determining deterioration abnormalities, as well as predetermined warning voltage thresholds and warning current thresholds that are larger than those, are preset in the memory of the panel control section 34.

[0093] The panel control unit 34 determines whether the detector circuit unit has deteriorated in the same way as the deterioration testing unit 86 of the fire detector 12. If the internal voltage measured for each circuit block of the fire detector 12 is below the warning voltage threshold or falls below the warning voltage threshold, or if the measured current consumption is below the warning current threshold or falls below the warning current threshold, the panel control unit 34 determines that the circuit block is about to undergo a deterioration failure, and instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to issue a warning alarm of a deterioration abnormality specifying the address of the fire detector 12, to be notified by an alarm sound, display, or printout, and transmits the warning alarm from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, thereby controlling the warning of the deterioration abnormality to be notified.

[0094] Furthermore, if the internal voltage measured for each circuit block of the fire detector 12 is equal to or falls below a predetermined voltage threshold, or if the measured current consumption is equal to or falls below a predetermined current threshold, the panel control unit 34 determines that a deterioration abnormality has occurred, and instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to issue a deterioration abnormality alarm specifying the address of the fire detector, causing it to be notified by an alarm sound, display, or printout, and transmits the alarm from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, thereby controlling the notification of a deterioration abnormality.

[0095] The panel control unit 34 also stores in memory the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption received from the fire detectors 12 as chronological log information, and for example, based on a predetermined log output operation, the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption in chronological order in the address order of the fire detectors 12 can be displayed as a list on a display or printed out on a printer, making it possible to determine the degree of deterioration of the fire detectors 12 in address order. In this case, the chronological order can be set to days, weeks, months, or even a specified number of days, making it possible to emphasize changes in the internal voltage and current consumption due to deterioration.

[0096] Furthermore, the output format of the log information may be a graph display with the time axis as the horizontal axis and the voltage and current as the vertical axis, in addition to the numerical display of the internal voltage and current consumption.

[0097] Furthermore, the panel control unit 34 controls the changing of the threshold value for determining whether a deterioration abnormality has occurred and the warning threshold value for determining whether a deterioration abnormality has occurred, based on the operation of the operation unit 42 using the display of the display unit 40. The control for changing the threshold value and warning threshold value can change the threshold value and warning threshold value of all fire detectors 12 all at once, or can change the threshold value and warning threshold value of a specific fire detector 12 by specifying an address.

[0098] [Modifications of the present invention] (Fire detector) Although the above embodiment takes a two-wavelength fire detector as an example, other methods may be used. For example, in addition to the two wavelengths mentioned above, a three-wavelength flame detector may be used that detects radiation energy in a wavelength band around 3.8 μm, which is on the shorter wavelength side of the 4.4 to 4.5 μm band that is the resonant radiation band of CO2, using a method similar to that of the two-wavelength type, and determines the presence or absence of a flame based on the relative ratio of the received light signals in these three wavelength bands.

[0099] (Stain test) In the above embodiment, the light attenuation rate is calculated using the light reception value obtained by the sensor unit 64 and amplification processing unit 66 provided in the fire detection units 60R and 60L using test light from the external test light sources 76R and 76L, but it is also possible to provide a sensor unit and amplification processing unit dedicated to dirt testing and calculate the light attenuation rate from the light reception value using test light from the external test light sources 76R and 76L.

[0100] (Deterioration test) In the above embodiment, the degree of deterioration is judged on the assumption that the internal voltage and current consumption will decrease due to deterioration of the circuit block of the fire detector 12. However, depending on the circuit block, it is expected that the current consumption will increase due to leakage current caused by insulation deterioration, etc. Therefore, for example, a current threshold higher than a predetermined standard current consumption may be set for the current consumption, and if the current is equal to or exceeds this current threshold, it may be judged to be a deterioration abnormality and an abnormal deterioration alarm may be output.

[0101] (Measurement of internal voltage and current consumption of fire detector) In the above embodiment, the power supply voltage and power supply current supplied to each circuit block from the power supply unit 58 of the fire detector 12 are measured as an internal voltage and current consumption to determine the degree of deterioration, but the power supply voltage and power supply current supplied to all circuit units from the power supply unit 58 may also be measured as an internal voltage and current consumption to determine the degree of deterioration. This allows for only one voltage / current detection unit 78 to be required, simplifying the circuit configuration and measurement processing.

[0102] Furthermore, although the internal voltage and current consumption used to determine deterioration of the circuitry are measured during the sensitivity test and the contamination test, they may also be measured during any other appropriate fire detector test.Furthermore, in addition to measuring the internal voltage and current consumption during a fire detector test, the internal voltage and current consumption may also be measured during a steady-state monitoring state when no test is being conducted to determine the degree of deterioration of the circuitry.

[0103] (Display anomaly list) In addition, in order to notify abnormalities by the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, a list of abnormalities and a list of contamination alarms may be displayed on the same list.

[0104] (Handling of deteriorated and abnormal fire detectors) In addition, the fire detection results of a deteriorated or abnormal fire detector may be set not to be used on the disaster prevention receiving panel side. This makes it possible to monitor fires using only normal detection results, reducing false fire alerts. In addition, in the above case, it is preferable to control the system so that the fire detection results of the deteriorated or abnormal fire detector are not used only when there are no abnormalities in adjacent detectors with overlapping detection ranges, in order to perform minimum monitoring.

[0105] (Fire detector indicator light) In addition, fire detectors may be equipped with indicator lights that light up when an abnormality occurs. This allows workers responding to the abnormality to know at a glance which fire detector they should respond to. The abnormality indicator may also be set to light up only when a light-up permission signal is output from the disaster prevention receiving panel. This means that the abnormality indicator will not light up during normal use, so it will not attract the attention of drivers and others. Furthermore, by only lighting up the indicator during inspection, it will be possible to recognize the abnormality at a glance during inspection, and it is also possible to light up with an intensity that will attract attention.

[0106] (Fire detector log) The fire detector may also be configured to store the current consumption, internal voltage, and deterioration detection status as a log in its own memory.The fire detector is connected to an external device such as an address setting device, and the log data stored in the memory is read out.

[0107] (others) The present invention also includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages thereof, and is not limited to the numerical values ​​shown in the above embodiments. [Explanation of symbols]

[0108] 1a: Up line tunnel 1b: Down line tunnel 10: Disaster prevention receiving panel 12: Fire detector 14, 14a, 14b: Transmission path 16: Fire pump equipment 18: Cooling pump equipment 20:IG slave station equipment 22: Ventilation equipment 24: Alarm display board equipment 26: Radio rebroadcasting equipment 28: TV monitoring equipment 30: Lighting equipment 32: Remote monitoring and control equipment 34: Panel control unit 36, 36a, 36b, 56: Transmission section 46:IO Department 50R,50L: Translucent window 51: Sensor storage section 52R, 52L: Translucent window for test light source 54: Detector control unit 58: Power supply section 60R, 60L: Fire detection unit 64, 68: Sensor section 66, 70: Amplification processing section 72: Test light emission driver 74R, 74L, 75R, 75L: Internal test light source 76R, 76L: External test light source 78: Voltage and current detection unit 80: Fire judgment department 82: Sensitivity test section 84: Soil test section 86: Deterioration test section

Claims

1. A disaster prevention system equipped with a fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area with a light receiving sensor, An abnormality determination unit determines a deterioration abnormality in a functional component that constitutes the fire detector and that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to reaching a failure abnormality, which is a failure state of a functional component that constitutes the fire detector, and notifies the deterioration abnormality determined by the abnormality determination unit; A disaster prevention system characterized in that the abnormality determination unit obtains information regarding the voltage or current related to the operation of the functional component, which is different from both information regarding the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and information regarding dirt on the light-transmitting window, during a sensitivity test that tests the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and during a dirt test that is a test different from the sensitivity test that monitors dirt on the light-transmitting window through which the light energy from outside passes when it enters the light receiving sensor, and determines the deterioration abnormality based on the information regarding the voltage or current.

2. A fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area with a light receiving sensor, The abnormality determination unit determines a deterioration abnormality in the functional component that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to reaching a failure abnormality, which is a failure state of the functional component that constitutes the fire detector, and transmits the determination result of the deterioration abnormality determined by the abnormality determination unit; A fire detector characterized in that the abnormality determination unit obtains information regarding the voltage or current related to the operation of the functional component, which is different from both information regarding the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and information regarding dirt on the light-transmitting window, during a sensitivity test that tests the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and during a dirt test that is a test different from the sensitivity test that monitors dirt on the light-transmitting window through which the light energy from outside passes when it enters the light receiving sensor, and determines the deterioration abnormality based on the information regarding the voltage or current.

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