Wall structure made of wood materials

Abstract

To provide a wall structure made of wooden material, which uses, as a constitutional member of a wall, a wooden material having fixed form and capable of reducing weight so as to be easily handled, and enables the wooden materials to be joined to each other with high construction efficiency and high bond strength.SOLUTION: A wall structure is constructed inside an opening part 4 partitioned by columns 2 and beams 3 and uses a plurality of regular octagonal blocks 5 that are the same size and made of wooden material. A wall 1 is constructed by arranging the regular octagonal blocks inside the opening part so that hypotenuses w face each other, arranging the regular octagonal blocks in vertical direction of the column and longitudinal direction of the beam so that vertical side y of the regular octagonal block facing the column faces the column, and horizontal side x of the regular octagonal block facing the beam faces the beam, forming a square opening S surrounded by four regular octagonal blocks, and providing a connection hardware 8 having square frame shape inside the opening so as to connect four regular octagonal blocks to each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wall structure made of wooden materials that uses wooden materials that have a fixed shape and can be made lightweight for easy handling as wall components, and that can be joined together with high construction efficiency and high joint strength. [Background technology]

[0002] There is growing attention being paid to the need to prevent global warming, utilize forest resources, and revitalize forestry, and there is also a need to actively utilize wood materials from the perspective of ESG investment and SDGs.

[0003] Wood materials are reusable and are an excellent way to utilize sustainable resources.

[0004] Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known as construction technologies that use wooden materials.

[0005] The "wooden structural member, joint structure for wooden structural members, and construction method thereof" of Patent Document 1 aims to provide a wooden structural member, a joining method for wooden structural members, and a construction method for a joint structure for wooden structural members that enables long-span construction of wooden semi-fireproof structures with a fire margin design, and that is low-cost, has a short delivery time, and is easy to assemble on-site.The wooden member of the wooden structural member is formed by stacking an inner wooden board placed in the center and a pair of outer wooden boards that sandwich the inner wooden board from both sides.A predetermined fire margin layer is provided on the outer periphery of the wooden member, and the area inside this fire margin layer is used as a load-bearing section, making the entire wooden structural member semi-fireproof.

[0006] The "shear wall" of Patent Document 2 aims to provide a shear wall with excellent earthquake resistance using wood-based materials, and the shear wall is installed within the structural plane of a column-beam frame. The shear wall includes a wooden wall portion formed by arranging multiple wooden boards with their longitudinal grain direction in a row, and a closing portion formed by closing the gap between the periphery of the wooden wall portion and the column-beam frame with mortar. The angle of the wooden boards is the angle of the diagonal of the column-beam frame. When a horizontal external load is applied to the column-beam frame due to an earthquake or other event, a tensile or compressive force acts in the diagonal direction within the structural plane of the column-beam frame. Because the wooden boards have a high Young's modulus and strength in the grain direction, they can sufficiently resist this tensile or compressive force, thereby demonstrating excellent earthquake resistance. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-14154 [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2021-147816 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] In the wall of Patent Document 2, the multiple wooden boards arranged within the structural surface must be shaped to different dimensions to match the column and beam dimensions in the diagonal direction specific to each column-beam frame, posing a problem in that manufacturing the wooden boards is time-consuming.

[0009] Furthermore, when wooden boards are used to span the diagonal corners of a column-beam structure, they become quite large, which makes it difficult to take full advantage of the advantage of wooden boards being lightweight, and also makes them difficult to install.

[0010] Furthermore, there was a need for the development of a joining structure that could ensure high joining strength when joining wooden boards together, had a simple configuration that allowed for joining without any hassle, and could improve construction efficiency.

[0011] The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide a wall structure made of wooden materials that uses wooden materials that have a fixed shape and can be made lightweight so that they are easy to handle as wall components, and that can be joined together with high construction efficiency and high joint strength. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The wooden wall structure according to the present invention is a wall structure constructed inside an opening defined by columns and beams, and uses a plurality of wooden octagonal blocks of the same size, each having a pair of two horizontal sides, one above the other, that are parallel to each other and of equal length, a pair of two vertical sides, one left above the other, that are parallel to each other and of equal length, and two pairs of four oblique sides, each of which is parallel to each other and of equal length, connecting the vertical sides and the horizontal sides. These octagonal blocks are arranged inside the opening so that the oblique sides face each other, and the vertical sides of the octagonal blocks facing the columns face the columns, and the upper The octagonal blocks are arranged in the vertical direction of the column and the horizontal direction of the beam so that the horizontal sides of the octagonal blocks facing the beam face the beam, and a rectangular opening is formed surrounded by the four octagonal blocks, partitioned by a pair of facing horizontal sides of two octagonal blocks adjacent to the octagonal block on the vertical side and a pair of facing vertical sides of two octagonal blocks adjacent to the octagonal block on the left and right, and a rectangular frame-shaped connecting metal fitting is provided inside the opening to connect the four octagonal blocks to each other, thereby constructing a wall.

[0013] The octagonal block is characterized in that the vertical side of the octagonal block facing the column is joined to the column, and the horizontal side of the octagonal block facing the beam is joined to the beam.

[0014] A sealing material formed with a fitting margin that seals the gap is placed in the gap between the column or beam and the octagonal block facing them, and the octagonal block is joined to the sealing material, which is then joined to the column or beam.

[0015] The octagonal block is a laminated material formed by stacking and integrating octagonal plate pieces in the width direction of the columns and beams.

[0016] The connecting hardware is characterized in that each of its four sides is formed to be equal in length to each of the pair of vertical sides and each of the pair of horizontal sides of the four octagonal blocks, and is installed in the opening so as to abut against the vertical sides and horizontal sides of these octagonal blocks.

[0017] Each side of the metal connector is joined to the octagonal block by adhesive.

[0018] Each side of the connecting hardware is joined to the octagonal block by a bolt that is inserted into a through hole formed in the connecting hardware and screwed into the octagonal block.

[0019] A rod-shaped embedded member having an outer peripheral thread and an inner peripheral thread is screwed into the octagonal block via the outer peripheral thread, and each side of the connecting hardware is joined to the octagonal block by a bolt that is inserted into a through hole formed in the connecting hardware and screwed into the inner peripheral thread of the embedded member.

[0020] The length of the embedded member is longer than the length of the bolt that transmits the tensile force to the octagonal block.

[0021] The connecting metal member is characterized in that one of its sides is provided in contact with the sealing material that defines the opening. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] In the wall structure made of wood materials according to the present invention, wood materials that have a fixed shape and can be made lightweight for easy handling are used as the constituent members of the wall, and the wood materials can be joined together with high construction efficiency and high joint strength. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view showing a preferred embodiment of a wall structure made of wood materials according to the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an octagonal block and a sealing block applied to the wall structure shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a wall structure in which sealing blocks that adjust the fit of the octagonal blocks are applied instead of the wall structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] 4 is an explanatory diagram of a sealing block applied to the wall structure shown in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration in the thickness direction (width direction of columns and beams) of an octagonal block applicable to a wall structure made of wood materials according to the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a connecting hardware that is applied to the wall structure shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an example of attaching the connecting hardware shown in FIG. 6 to an octagonal block or the like. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the state in which the connecting hardware is attached to an octagonal block or the like in the attachment example shown in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a stress transmission state in the wall structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. [Figure 11] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which two wall structures shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3 are constructed side by side in a single opening portion. [Figure 12] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example of the octagonal block shown in FIG. 2(a). [Figure 13] 13 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the octagonal block in the thickness direction (width direction of the columns and beams) according to the modified example shown in FIG. 12.

[0043] FIG. [Figure 14] 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams illustrating examples of other octagonal block shapes that can be applied to the wall structure made of wood materials according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a wall structure made of wood materials according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 1, a column-and-beam frame consisting of columns 2 and beams 3 is partitioned by a pair of columns 2 on the left and right and a pair of beams 3 on the top and bottom, forming a rectangular opening 4.

[0026] A wall 1 made of wood material is constructed inside this opening 4, and the wall 1 is joined to pillars 2 and beams 3 to form a wall structure.

[0027] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the wall 1 is composed of multiple octagonal blocks 5 made of wooden material of the same size that are lined up and stacked in the opening 4, and sealing blocks 6 and 7 made of wooden material that seal gaps that occur between these octagonal blocks 5 and the columns 2 and beams 3.

[0028] 2 shows the octagonal block 5 and the sealing blocks 6 and 7, with FIG. 2(a) being a front view of the octagonal block 5 and FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c) being front views of the sealing blocks 6 and 7.

[0029] The octagonal block 5 has a constant thickness, and its outer contour has a pair of two horizontal sides x, one above the other, that are parallel to each other and of equal length, a pair of two vertical sides y, one below the other, that are parallel to each other and of equal length, and four pairs of oblique sides w, that are parallel to each other and of equal length, connecting the vertical sides y and the horizontal sides x.

[0030] In the illustrated example, the octagonal block 5 is a regular octagon with eight sides x, y, and w all having the same length.

[0031] The octagonal block 5 may be a shape other than a regular octagon, and for example, the length of the vertical side y and the length of the horizontal side x may be different.

[0032] In the following description, an octagonal block 5 having a regular octagon will be described, but the same understanding can be given to an octagonal block 5 that is not a regular octagon.

[0033] Regarding the arrangement of the octagonal blocks 5 toward the inside of the opening portion 4, the octagonal blocks 5 are arranged vertically and horizontally in the column direction (up and down along the axial direction of the column 2) and beam direction (left and right along the axial direction of the beam 3) of the opening portion 4.

[0034] In this case, adjacent octagonal blocks 5 are always arranged so that their oblique sides w face each other and come into contact with each other.

[0035] Adjacent octagonal blocks 5 are joined together with adhesive or the like at their respective abutting hypotenuses w.

[0036] In this way, the hypotenuse w of the octagonal block 5 serves as a joint with another octagonal block 5 .

[0037] As shown in FIG. 1, taking any one octagonal block 5 as an example, the blocks are arranged so that each of the four hypotenuses w faces one of the hypotenuses w of each of the four surrounding octagonal blocks 5.

[0038] As a result, two octagonal blocks 5 are arranged on each of the right and left sides of the octagonal block 5, spaced apart by the length of the horizontal side x.

[0039] Similarly, two octagonal blocks 5 are arranged on each of the upper and lower sides of the octagonal block 5, spaced apart by the length of the vertical side y.

[0040] The octagonal blocks 5 spaced apart from each other are positioned such that their horizontal sides x face each other and their vertical sides y face each other.

[0041] As a result, an opening S is formed around any one of the octagonal blocks 5 by the other four octagonal blocks 5 with their vertical sides y and horizontal sides x.

[0042] When the surrounding octagonal blocks 5 are viewed from the opening S, the opening S is formed in a square shape by being surrounded by the vertical side y and the horizontal side x of the four octagonal blocks 5 arranged around it.

[0043] Of the octagonal blocks 5, the octagonal blocks 5 facing the column 2 and beam 3 are arranged so that their vertical sides y and horizontal sides x face and contact the column surface 2a and beam surface 3a.

[0044] Therefore, the hypotenuse w of the octagonal block 5 cannot abut against the column surface 2a or the beam surface 3a, and a gap is generated between the hypotenuse w of the octagonal block 5 and the column surface 2a or the beam surface 3a.

[0045] The sealing blocks 6 and 7 are disposed between the oblique side w and the column surface 2a or the beam surface 3a to seal the gap.

[0046] The sealing blocks 6, 7 are formed with fitting margins that fill and seal the gaps between the columns 2, beams 3 and the octagonal blocks 5 facing them.

[0047] The wall 1 is constructed by joining the hypotenuse w of the octagonal block 5 to the sealing blocks 6 and 7 with adhesive or the like, and the sealing blocks 6 and 7 are then joined to the columns 2 and beams 3 with adhesive or the like.

[0048] The sealing blocks 6 and 7 have the same thickness as the octagonal block 5, and two types are used.

[0049] The isosceles trapezoidal blocks 6 are disposed in the gaps between the hypotenuses w of the paired octagonal blocks 5 and the column surfaces 2a or beam surfaces 3a in the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0050] The right-angled isosceles triangular block 7 is disposed in the gap shaped like a right-angled isosceles triangle between the corner of the opening portion 4 and the hypotenuse w of the octagonal block 5 .

[0051] The isosceles trapezoidal blocks 6 are arranged so that their hypotenuses face the hypotenuses w of the two octagonal blocks 5 and their bases face the column surfaces 2a and beam surfaces 3a, thereby allowing the top edges to combine with the vertical sides y and horizontal sides x of the octagonal blocks 5 to form openings S.

[0052] The right-angled isosceles triangular block 7 is arranged such that two equal-length sides face the hypotenuse w of the octagonal block 5, and the apex corners abut against the corners.

[0053] The vertical side y of the octagonal block 5 facing the column 2 is adhered to the column surface 2a with adhesive or the like.

[0054] The horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 facing the beam 3 is also bonded to the beam surface 3a with adhesive or the like.

[0055] As described above, the octagonal block 5 and the sealing blocks 6 and 7 are arranged and joined inside the opening portion 4, thereby constructing a wall structure.

[0056] In Figure 1, the octagonal block 5 can be directly attached to the column 2 or beam 3 by placing the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 against the column surface 2a or beam surface 3a of the opening part 4. However, depending on the dimensional relationship between the opening part 4 and the octagonal block 5, as shown in Figure 3, a gap may occur between the column 2 or beam 3 and the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 facing them, and this gap may prevent the octagonal block 5 from being directly attached to the column surface 2a or beam surface 3a.

[0057] In such cases, as shown in Figure 4, sealing blocks 9 and 10 formed with a fitting margin to seal the gap are used, and the octagonal block 5 is adhered to the column surface 2a and beam surface 3a via these sealing blocks 9 and 10.

[0058] That is, sealing blocks 9, 10 for sealing the gaps are disposed between the columns 2 and beams 3 and the vertical side y, horizontal side x, and oblique side w of the octagonal blocks 5 facing them.

[0059] The vertical side y, horizontal side x, and oblique side w are joined to sealing blocks 9, 10, and the sealing blocks 9, 10 are joined to the columns 2 and beams 3, thereby constructing the wall 1.

[0060] The sealing blocks 9 and 10 have the same thickness as the octagonal block 5, and as shown in FIG. 4, two types are used.

[0061] The first sealing blocks 10 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction of the pillar 2 and in the horizontal direction of the beam 3, except for the corners 4a of the opening portion 4.

[0062] The first sealing block 10 has a first surface 10a that is joined to a pair of adjacent octagonal blocks 5 vertically or horizontally, a second surface 10b that is joined to a column 2 or a beam 3, and a pair of end surfaces 10c that are joined to other adjacent first sealing blocks 10 or second sealing blocks 9.

[0063] The first surface 10a is formed to have angled portions that abut against the hypotenuse w of a pair of adjacent octagonal blocks 5, and flat portions that abut on either side of the angled portions, over half the length of the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal blocks 5. The second surface 10b is formed flat so as to abut against the column 2 or beam 3.

[0064] The second sealing block 9 is provided at the corner 4a of the opening 4. The second sealing block 9 has a first surface 9a joined to one of the octagonal blocks 5 facing the corner 4a, a second surface 9b joined to the column 2 and the beam 3 at the corner 4a, and a pair of end surfaces 9c joined to end surfaces 10c of the adjacent first gap sealing block 10.

[0065] The first surface 9a is formed to have an inclined portion that abuts against the hypotenuse w of the octagonal block 5, and flat portions on both sides of the inclined portion that abut against the vertical side y and horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 over half their lengths.

[0066] The second surface 9b is formed in an L-shape so as to abut against both the column 2 and the beam 3 at the corner portion 4a.

[0067] The surfaces 9a to 9c and 10a to 10c of these sealing blocks 9 and 10 are used as joints for bonding to the octagonal block 5, the columns 2, the beams 3, and the blocks 9 and 10 themselves with adhesive or the like.

[0068] By using sealing blocks 9, 10 formed with a fitting margin to seal the gap, a wall 1 made of octagonal blocks 5 can be constructed inside the opening 4 even if the octagonal blocks 5 cannot be directly placed against the column surface 2a or beam surface 3a.

[0069] The adhesive is preferably an epoxy resin or the like that permeates the wood material, and the strength of the wood material is increased by the adhesive that permeates the bonded surfaces.

[0070] The octagonal block 5 is preferably an octagon in which the length of the hypotenuse w is longer than the vertical side y and / or the horizontal side x, rather than a regular octagon, because this increases the strength of the hypotenuse w to which the adhesive is applied.

[0071] Next, a detailed description will be given of the structure of the octagonal block 5. The octagonal block 5 made of a wooden material is formed so as to make use of the fibers f contained in the wooden material.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 and 2(a), the octagonal block 5 has a horizontal side x formed parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material, and a vertical side y formed so as to intersect at right angles with the direction of the fibers f of the wood material.

[0073] Alternatively, the octagonal block 5 is formed so that the vertical side y is parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material, and the horizontal side x intersects the direction of the fibers f of the wood material at a right angle.

[0074] In short, the octagonal block 5 is formed so that the horizontal side x or vertical side y is parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material, and the octagonal block 5 thus formed is used in its original orientation or rotated 90 degrees.

[0075] The horizontal side x or vertical side y being parallel to the direction of the fibers f means that the direction of the fibers f, which are aligned in one direction in the wood material, and the horizontal side x or vertical side y should essentially be approximately parallel.

[0076] Therefore, when the vertical side y or the horizontal side x intersects with the direction of the fibers f, it means that the direction of the fibers f, which are aligned in one direction in the wood material, and the vertical side y or the horizontal side x are essentially oriented in a direction that roughly intersects.

[0077] It is also preferable that the direction of the fibers of the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10 be aligned to match the direction of the fibers f of the wood material in each of the octagonal blocks 5 with which they are abutted.

[0078] In each octagonal block 5 thus constructed, the direction parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material is the strong axis direction SA with respect to the tensile force, and especially the compressive force C, as shown in FIG. 2(a).

[0079] In addition, the direction of each octagonal block 5 itself, which intersects with the direction of the fibers f of the wood material, becomes the weak axis direction WA with respect to the compressive force, and especially the tensile force T.

[0080] The octagonal block 5 can be formed in various ways as shown in Figure 5. Figure 5(a) is a side view of a raw material such as a cylindrical log cut in the direction of the grain to form a sawn board.

[0081] FIG. 5(b) is a side view of a laminated material in which sawn boards are used as octagonal plate pieces 5a, and these octagonal plate pieces 5a are stacked and integrated.

[0082] In this case, all the octagonal board pieces 5a are aligned so that the fibers f of the wood material are oriented in substantially the same direction, and are overlapped in the width direction of the pillars 2 and the beams 3.

[0083] Figure 4(c) is a side view of a laminated material in which thin plates are created from raw material logs, such as cylindrical logs, using a peeling method, and multiple octagonal plate pieces 5a cut from these thin plates are stacked and integrated together.

[0084] In this case as well, all the octagonal board pieces 5a are aligned so that the orientation of the fibers f of the wood material is substantially the same, and are overlapped in the width direction of the pillars 2 and the beams 3.

[0085] The multiple octagonal blocks 5 arranged as described above inside the opening portion 4 are arranged and glued in the vertical and horizontal directions (towards the columns and beams) with equal-length vertical sides y and horizontal sides x facing each other so that the orientation of the fibers f of the wood material in all of the octagonal blocks 5 is substantially approximately the same.

[0086] FIG. 1 shows a case where the direction of the fibers f of the wood material is parallel to the horizontal side x, and therefore, the fibers f appear in the wall 1 with their direction aligned in the left-right direction.

[0087] FIG. 3 shows a case where the direction of the fibers f of the wood material is parallel to the vertical side y, and therefore, the fibers f appear in the wall 1 with their direction aligned in the vertical direction.

[0088] By providing octagonal blocks 5 or the like in an arrangement in which the fibers f of the wood material are aligned in one direction, either left-right or up-down, it is possible to create design effects on the front and back surfaces of the wall 1.

[0089] In the wall structure made of wood materials according to this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 3, connecting hardware 8 is provided inside the opening S, and this connecting hardware 8 connects the two vertical sides y and the two horizontal sides x of the four octagonal blocks 5 surrounding the opening S to each other.

[0090] The octagonal block 5 surrounding the opening S and the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10 are also connected to one another by connecting hardware 8.

[0091] As shown in FIG. 6, the connecting hardware 8 is formed in the shape of a rectangular frame having four sides 8a, and in this embodiment, in the shape of a square frame.

[0092] That is, the four sides 8a of the connecting hardware 8 are formed to be equal in length to the vertical side y and horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 having a regular octagonal shape and to the sides of the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10 facing the opening S, respectively.

[0093] Each side 8a of the connecting hardware 8 abuts against each side of the octagonal block 5 and the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10, respectively, so that the connecting hardware 8 is installed in the opening S. At least one through hole 8b is formed in each side 8a of the connecting hardware 8.

[0094] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the connecting hardware 8 is joined to the octagonal block 5 and the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10 by rod-shaped embedded members 11 that are embedded in the octagonal block 5 and the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10, and bolts 12 that are screwed into the embedded members 11.

[0095] The embedding member 11 is formed of a solid cylindrical metal rod, and has an outer circumferential thread 11a formed on its outer circumferential surface along its entire length so as to be screwed into the octagonal block 5 or the like.

[0096] At one end of the embedded member 11 in the longitudinal direction, a bottomed hole portion of a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the embedded member 11 is formed, and this hole portion has an internal thread 11b formed along its entire length into which the bolt 12 is screwed.

[0097] When attaching the connecting hardware 8 to an octagonal block 5 or the like, first, the embedded member 11 is screwed inward using the outer thread 11a from, for example, the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 or the like, thereby embedding the embedded member 11 inside the octagonal block 5 or the like.

[0098] As a result, the inner peripheral thread 11b of the embedded member 11 appears on the vertical side y and horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 or the like.

[0099] Next, one of the sides 8a of the connecting hardware 8 is placed against the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 etc. so that the through-hole 8b is aligned with the internal thread 11b appearing on the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 etc., and in this state, the bolt 12 inserted into the through-hole 8b is screwed into the internal thread 11b of the embedded member 11 via the washer 13. This joins the connecting hardware 8 to the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 etc.

[0100] In actual construction, for example, an octagonal block 5 and sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10 are arranged so as to form an opening S, and a connecting hardware 8 is provided inside the opening S, and then bolts 12 are screwed into the embedded members 11 on each side 8a of the connecting hardware 8.

[0101] The length of the embedded member 11 is formed to be longer than the length of the bolt 12. The bolt 12 transmits a tensile force to the embedded member 11, and the embedded member 11 bears the fixing force of the connecting hardware 8 to the octagonal block 5 etc. while receiving the tensile force (pulling force) from the bolt 12.

[0102] Therefore, in order to join the connecting hardware 8 to the octagonal blocks 5 etc. with high joining strength, in other words, to firmly connect the octagonal blocks 5 to each other, and the octagonal blocks 5 to the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, 10, it is desirable to make the length of the embedded member 11, which provides resistance to pull-out, sufficiently longer than the length of the bolt 12.

[0103] The above explanation is for the case where an embedded member 11 is used, but if the connecting hardware 8 and the octagonal block 5 or the like can be joined with the required joining strength using a bolt 12, it is also possible to join each side 8a of the connecting hardware 8 to the vertical side y and horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 or the like by inserting the bolt 12 into the through hole 8b of the connecting hardware 8 and screwing it directly into the octagonal block 5 or the like without using an embedded member 11.

[0104] Furthermore, if each side 8a of the connecting hardware 8 can be joined to the vertical side y or horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 or the like with adhesive with the required joining strength, the connecting hardware 8 may be joined to the octagonal block 5 or the like using only adhesive, without using embedded members 11 or bolts 12.

[0105] On the other hand, whether the embedded member 11 and bolt 12 are used as described above to join the connecting hardware 8 to the octagonal block 5, etc., or whether only the bolt 12 is used, it is of course also possible to use adhesive joining in combination.

[0106] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 9, inside the opening 4, where octagonal blocks 5 are stacked between upper and lower beams 3, 3 and lined up between left and right columns 2, 2, external forces in the horizontal direction, such as those caused by an earthquake, act on the wall 1 inside the opening 4 from the columns 2 and beams 3.

[0107] Regarding the stress transmission state at that time, for example, the external force RF acting in the right direction acts as a shear force q diagonally downward to the right, perpendicular to the hypotenuse w of each octagonal block 5, from the column 2 and beam 3 through the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10.

[0108] The shear force q input to the hypotenuse w of each octagonal block 5 is transmitted through each octagonal block 5, via the opening S where the connecting hardware 8 is installed, as an accumulation of horizontal component force hf directed to the right due to the joint between the vertical sides y, and as an accumulation of vertical component force vf directed downward due to the joint between the horizontal sides x.

[0109] These horizontal component hf and vertical component vf create a compression strut CF along the direction of the shear force q when viewed as a whole wall 1 (a compression strut pointing downward to the right in the figure; 45° in the case of a regular octagon).

[0110] As shown in Figure 10, when an external force LF acts to the left, a similar compression strut CF is generated in the opposite direction (a downward compression strut to the left; 45° in the case of a regular octagon).

[0111] When the horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 is parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material (see Figure 2(a)), a wall 1 is constructed in which the direction along the horizontal side x to which the horizontal component force hf is transmitted is the strong axis direction SA, and the direction along the vertical side y to which the vertical component force vf is transmitted is the weak axis direction WA.

[0112] Therefore, a column-and-beam frame equipped with such a wall 1 can provide a structure with more leeway against the horizontal component force hf than against the vertical component force vf.

[0113] When the vertical side y of the octagonal block 5 is parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material, a wall 1 is constructed in which the direction along the vertical side y to which the vertical component force vf is transmitted is the strong axis direction, and the direction along the horizontal side x to which the horizontal component force hf is transmitted is the weak axis direction, although this is not shown in the figure.

[0114] A column-and-beam frame equipped with such a wall 1 can provide a structure with more leeway against the vertical component force vf than against the horizontal component force hf.

[0115] As described above, if the structural strength of the wall 1 is sufficient to withstand either the horizontal component force hf or the vertical component force vf, then the opening 4 may be provided with a single wall 1 in which the orientation of the fibers f of the wood material is parallel to the horizontal side x or the vertical side y.

[0116] On the other hand, if the strength of the wall 1 is insufficient, the wall 1 is constructed by stacking at least two walls 1 side by side in the width direction of the columns 2 and beams 3 inside the opening 4, as shown in Figure 11.

[0117] Figure 11(a) is a side cross-sectional view of the wall structure, Figure 11(b) is an enlarged front view of a main part of one wall 1 of the wall structure of Figure 11(a) viewed from the left, and Figure 11(c) is an enlarged front view of a main part of the other wall 1 of the wall structure of Figure 11(a) viewed from the right.

[0118] In these adjacent walls 1, the direction of the fibers f of the wood material of one wall 1 is parallel to the horizontal side x, and the direction of the fibers f of the wood material of the other wall 1 is parallel to the vertical side y.

[0119] In other words, these walls 1 are arranged side by side so that the strong axis direction SA of one wall 1 (of its octagonal block 5) is the weak axis direction WA of the other wall 1 (of its octagonal block 5), and the weak axis direction WA of one wall 1 (of its octagonal block 5) is the strong axis direction SA of the other wall 1 (of its octagonal block 5).

[0120] These walls 1 are not bonded to each other in the width direction of the columns 2 and beams 3, but are disconnected and constructed so as to move freely relative to each other.

[0121] Such a wall structure will provide a column-and-beam frame that will provide equal resistance to both a right-facing external force RF and a left-facing external force LF at a single opening 4. The number of walls 1 that can be placed side by side is not limited as long as it is an even number.

[0122] In the wall structure made of wood materials according to the present embodiment described above, a plurality of regular octagonal blocks 5 made of wood materials of the same dimensions are used, and these octagonal blocks 5 are arranged inside the opening portion 4 so that their hypotenuses w face each other, and are arranged in the vertical direction of the column 2 and the horizontal direction of the beam 3 so that the vertical side y of the octagonal block 5 facing the column 2 faces the column 2, and the horizontal side x of the octagonal block 5 facing the beam 3 faces the beam 3. A square opening S surrounded by four octagonal blocks 5 is formed, and inside the opening S, square frame-shaped connecting metal fittings 8 are provided to connect the four octagonal blocks 5 to each other, and the wall 1 is constructed by joining the octagonal blocks 5 to the column 2 and the beam 3. This allows the wall 1 to be made of wood materials, yet has high strength that provides earthquake resistance.

[0123] Even if gaps occur between the columns 2 or beams 3 and the octagonal blocks 5 facing them, sealing blocks 9, 10 with fitting allowances to seal the gaps are arranged, the octagonal blocks 5 are joined to the sealing blocks 9, 10, and the sealing blocks 9, 10 are joined to the columns 2 or beams 3, so that a solid wall 1 made of octagonal blocks 5 can be constructed against the columns 2 and beams 3.

[0124] The connecting hardware 8 that connects at least the octagonal blocks 5 together has four sides 8a that are formed to be equal in length to the vertical sides y and horizontal sides x of the four octagonal blocks 5, and is installed in the opening S so that it abuts against the vertical sides y and horizontal sides x of these octagonal blocks 5, thereby ensuring a strong connecting structure between the octagonal blocks 5.

[0125] The mounting structure of the square frame-shaped connecting hardware 8 is such that a rod-shaped embedded member 11 having an outer peripheral thread 11a and an inner peripheral thread 11b is screwed into the octagonal block 5 via the outer peripheral thread 11a, and each side 8a of the connecting hardware 8 is joined to the octagonal block 5 by a bolt 12 that is inserted into a through hole 8b formed in the connecting hardware 8 and screwed into the inner peripheral thread 11b of the embedded member 11.Since the components are simply a frame body consisting of the connecting hardware 8, the embedded member 11, and the bolts 12, the structure is extremely simple and easy to handle, so the connecting hardware 8 can be easily attached to the octagonal block 5, etc., and this makes it possible to connect octagonal blocks 5, etc. to each other with high construction efficiency.

[0126] Furthermore, since the bolts 12 are screwed into the embedded members 11, the connecting hardware 8 can be attached with high strength even to octagonal blocks 5 made of wooden materials, and this connecting hardware 8 can connect octagonal blocks 5 together with high strength.

[0127] Since the length of the embedded member 11 is longer than the length of the bolt 12 that transmits the tensile force to the octagonal block 5, the embedded member 11 can resist the pull-out force acting through the bolt 12, thereby firmly attaching the connecting hardware 8 and therefore firmly connecting the octagonal blocks 5 together, etc.

[0128] The attachment structure of the connecting hardware 8 can be achieved by simply screwing the bolts 12 into the octagonal blocks 5 without using the embedded members 11, which further improves construction efficiency.

[0129] The attachment structure of the connecting hardware 8 can be achieved by simply bonding with an adhesive, without using the embedded members 11 or bolts 12, which further improves construction efficiency.

[0130] The octagonal wooden blocks 5 that make up the wall 1 are of a standard shape compared to the openings 4 in the column-and-beam structure, and are lightweight for easy handling, making them easy to construct and also reducing the weight of the wall 1 itself.

[0131] The octagonal blocks 5 are arranged so that the fibers f of the wood material all face in the same direction in the strong axis direction SA of the wall 1, and the octagonal blocks 5 are connected to each other with connecting metal fittings 8 that are arranged in the same direction as the fibers f of the wood material, so that tensile stress can be transmitted in the strong axis direction SA, thereby increasing the strength of the wall 1.

[0132] By combining octagonal blocks 5 formed as single units, it is possible to rationally form openings S in the wall 1 that ensure lighting and ventilation while ensuring high strength of the octagonal blocks 5. In addition, these openings S can be reinforced with connecting metal fittings 8.

[0133] The octagonal blocks 5 themselves are very strong, and the walls 1 are constructed by bonding the octagonal blocks 5 together and between the octagonal blocks 5 and the columns 2 and beams 3, so there is no noise, vibration, or dust generated, and the walls 1 can be constructed without the need for any maintenance work. Therefore, this construction can be carried out as a renovation project for an existing building.

[0134] By constructing the wall 1 using blocks 5 to 7, 9, and 10 made of wood material, finishing is not required, and the wall 1 can be obtained by making the most of the texture of the wood.

[0135] The blocks 5 to 7, 9, and 10 may be small pieces of wood, that is, scrap wood, which is the raw material, and therefore contribute to the effective use of wood resources.

[0136] Of course, the blocks 5 to 7, 9, and 10 made of wood may be provided with a fire-resistant coating or have a fire-resistant finish.

[0137] Blocks 5 to 7, 9, and 10 are bonded together with adhesive, which increases the strength of the adhesive-soaked bonding surfaces. As a result, it can be said that each bonding surface of blocks 5 to 7, 9, and 10 is reinforced, and as a wall 1, deformation such as buckling or crushing in the out-of-plane direction can be suppressed.

[0138] At least two walls 1 are constructed inside the opening 4 in the width direction of the columns 2 and beams 3, and since the orientation of the fibers f of the wood material differs between adjacent walls 1, even if there is a strong axis and a weak axis depending on the orientation of the fibers f of the wood material, a wall 1 of the required strength can be constructed in a single opening 4.

[0139] The octagonal blocks 5 are laminated materials made by stacking and integrating octagonal board pieces 5a of wood material with the same fiber f orientation across the width of the columns 2 and beams 3. This laminated material can be used to form octagonal blocks 5 that meet the required strength of the wall 1, and to construct the wall 1.

[0140] 12 and 13 show modified examples of the octagonal block 5 formed of the octagonal plate pieces 5a described in the above embodiment.

[0141] The octagonal block 5 according to this modification is formed of a laminated material in which a plurality of octagonal plate pieces 5a are stacked and integrated in the width direction of the columns 2 and beams 3, similar to FIGS. 5(b) and (c).

[0142] The octagonal plate piece 5a has a vertical side y parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material, and a horizontal side x parallel to the direction of the fibers f of the wood material.

[0143] The octagonal block 5 is formed as a laminated material in which the direction of the fibers f crosses in the thickness direction, as shown in Figure 12, by alternately stacking wood materials whose fibers f are oriented along the vertical side y and those whose fibers are oriented along the horizontal side x.

[0144] Specifically, the octagonal block 5 can be formed in various ways as shown in the side views of FIG.

[0145] Figure 13(a) is a side view of the case where the raw material, cylindrical logs, etc., are cut in the direction of the fibers to form octagonal board pieces 5a, and two of these octagonal board pieces 5a are stacked and integrated in the width direction of the pillar 2 and beam 3 so that the fibers f of the wood material are oriented in a crosswise direction.

[0146] FIG. 13(b) is a side view of a large number of octagonal plate pieces 5a, which are thinner than those in FIG. 13(a), stacked and integrated together so that the directions of the fibers f intersect.

[0147] Figure 13(c) is a side view of a laminated material in which thin plates are created from raw material logs, such as cylindrical logs, using a peeling method, and multiple octagonal plate pieces 5a cut from these thin plates are stacked and integrated together.

[0148] In this case as well, the wood materials are overlapped in the width direction of the pillars 2 and the beams 3 so that the directions of the fibers f of the wood materials cross each other.

[0149] Therefore, in the octagonal block 5 of this modified example shown in Figure 12, the strong axis direction SA and the weak axis direction WA shown in Figure 2(a) are canceled out, so the wall 1 constructed with the octagonal block 5 can provide equal resistance to both a right-facing external force RF and a left-facing external force LF.

[0150] In other words, according to this modified example, the octagonal block 5 is formed from laminated wood in which the fibers f of the wood material are oriented in a cross-sectional direction, so that a column-and-beam frame that can resist both left and right forces can be constructed by simply constructing a single wall 1.

[0151] In this case, it is desirable that the octagonal plate pieces 5a of the two octagonal blocks 5 to be joined are arranged so that the fibers f of the plates aligned on the same plane are all parallel to each other.

[0152] Furthermore, in the octagonal block 5 according to this modified example, the number of octagonal plate pieces 5a whose fibers f are parallel to the horizontal side x and the number of octagonal plate pieces 5a whose fibers f are parallel to the vertical side y do not necessarily have to be the same; it is also possible for either the horizontal side x or the vertical side y to be a stronger axis than the other.

[0153] The octagonal block 5 may have a shape in which the length of the vertical side y and the length of the horizontal side x are different, or may have other shapes instead of a regular octagonal shape. Figure 14 shows another modified example of the octagonal block 5.

[0154] As shown in Figures 14(a) and (b), in the case of an octagonal block 5 in which all interior angles are 135°, when the vertical side y is parallel to the fiber f, the horizontal side x intersects the direction of the fiber f at a right angle.

[0155] FIG. 14(a) shows a case where the length of the sides is horizontal side x>vertical side y, and FIG. 14(b) shows a case where the length of the sides is vertical side y>horizontal side x.

[0156] The hypotenuse w of the regular octagonal block 5 forms an angle of 45° (internal angle is 135°) with the vertical side y and the horizontal side x (see Figure 2(a)), but Figure 14(c) shows the case where the hypotenuse w forms an angle of 60° with the vertical side y and 30° with the horizontal side x, and the vertical side y is smaller than the horizontal side x.

[0157] Figure 14(d) shows a case where one pair of opposing hypotenuses w is formed so that it forms an angle of 60° with respect to one vertical side y and an angle of 30° with respect to the horizontal side x, and the other pair of opposing hypotenuses w is formed so that it forms an angle of 30° with respect to the vertical side y and an angle of 60° with respect to the horizontal side x.

[0158] In this way, if the octagonal block 5 has a hypotenuse w whose sum of the angles it makes with the vertical side y and the horizontal side x is 90°, it goes without saying that the wall 1 can be constructed using this octagonal block 5 without being limited to the angles of 45°, 30°, or 60° mentioned above.

[0159] In the configurations illustrated in Figures 14(a) to (d), the lengths of the vertical side y and horizontal side x, which are the bonding points, are significantly longer than the oblique side w, so the strength of the wall 1 obtained by bonding with an adhesive can be increased.

[0160] It goes without saying that the various modifications described above also provide the same effects as those of the above embodiment.

[0161] In the above embodiment, the sealing blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10 are made of wood material, but these blocks 6, 7, 9, and 10 may be made of any material harder than the wood material of the octagonal block 5, and may be made of, for example, concrete or mortar.

[0162] Instead of the mounting structure of the connecting hardware 8 to the octagonal block 5 shown in Figures 7 and 8, a through hole may be provided through the octagonal block 5, a PC steel rod may be inserted into this through hole, and both ends of the PC steel rod may be fastened to the sides 8a of the connecting hardware 8 via bolts.

[0163] The wall structure made of wood materials according to the present invention may be applied to reinforce existing post-and-beam structures against earthquakes, or may be used as an earthquake-resistant structure within a newly constructed post-and-beam structure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0164] 1. Wall 2 pillars 3 beams 4 Opening part 5 Octagonal Blocks 5a Octagonal plate piece 8 Connecting hardware 8a Connecting hardware edge 8b Through hole of connecting metal fitting 9 First sealing block 10 Second sealing block 11 Embedded parts 11a Peripheral thread 11b Internal thread 12 volts S opening x side of octagon block y vertical side of the octagonal block w Hypotenuse of the octagonal block

Claims

1. A wall structure constructed inside an opening defined by columns and beams, A plurality of octagonal blocks made of wood material of the same dimensions are used, each having a pair of two horizontal sides, one above the other, that are parallel to each other and of equal length, a pair of two vertical sides, one left and one right, that are parallel to each other and of equal length, and two pairs of four oblique sides, each of which is parallel to each other and of equal length, connecting the vertical sides and the horizontal sides, These octagonal blocks are arranged inside the opening portion so that the oblique sides face each other and abut and join with each other, and are arranged in the up-down direction of the column and the left-right direction of the beam so that the vertical sides of the octagonal blocks facing the column face the column and the horizontal sides of the octagonal blocks facing the beam face the beam, a pair of opposing horizontal sides of two of the octagonal blocks that are adjacent to each other on the top and bottom sides with an interval equal to the length of the vertical sides, and a pair of opposing vertical sides of two of the octagonal blocks that are adjacent to each other on the left and right sides with an interval equal to the length of the horizontal sides, to form a rectangular opening surrounded by four of the octagonal blocks; A wall structure made of wood material is characterized in that a rectangular frame-shaped connecting metal fitting is provided inside the opening to connect the four octagonal blocks to each other, thereby constructing the wall.

2. 2. The wall structure made of wood material according to claim 1, wherein the vertical side of the octagonal block facing the column is joined to the column, and the horizontal side of the octagonal block facing the beam is joined to the beam.

3. The wall structure made of wood materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that a sealing material formed with a fitting margin to seal the gap between the pillars or beams and the octagonal blocks facing them is arranged, the octagonal blocks are joined to the sealing material, and the sealing material is joined to the pillars or beams.

4. The octagonal blocks are laminated materials made by stacking and integrating octagonal board pieces in the width direction of the columns and beams.

5. The wall structure made of wood materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that each of the four connecting metal fittings has four sides that are equal in length to each of the pair of vertical sides and each of the pair of horizontal sides of the four octagonal blocks, and is installed in the opening so that it abuts against the vertical sides and horizontal sides of these octagonal blocks.

6. 6. A wall structure made of wood material according to claim 5, wherein each side of the connecting metal member is joined to the octagonal block by adhesive.

7. A wall structure made of wood material as described in claim 5, characterized in that each side of the connecting hardware is joined to the octagonal block by a bolt inserted into a through hole formed in the connecting hardware and screwed into the octagonal block.

8. The wall structure made of wood material as described in claim 5, characterized in that a rod-shaped embedded member having an outer peripheral thread and an inner peripheral thread is screwed into the octagonal block via the outer peripheral thread, and each side of the connecting hardware is joined to the octagonal block by a bolt inserted into a through hole formed in the connecting hardware and screwed into the inner peripheral thread of the embedded member.

9. 9. The wall structure made of wood material according to claim 8, wherein the length of the embedded member is longer than the length of the bolt that transmits the tensile force to the octagonal block.

10. 4. A wall structure made of wood material according to claim 3, wherein one of the edges of the connecting metal fittings is in contact with the sealing material that defines the opening.

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