Internal structure, fluid property changing device and device using the same

Abstract

To provide an internal structure which can generate fine bubbles without increasing a flow rate, a fluid property changing device and a utilization device thereof.SOLUTION: An internal structure, which is stored in a storage body and changes property of a fluid, includes a first internal structure and a second internal structure. The first internal structure has a flow property application part which has a structure of one or more hollow venturi tubes. The second internal structure has a hollow shaft form, and stores at least a part of the first internal structure in the hollow shaft, and has a body part, on which a plurality of projection parts are formed, on an external surface thereof.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fluid property changing device for changing the properties of a fluid, an internal structure thereof, and an apparatus using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there have been devices that realize at least one fluid property change function, such as generating fine bubbles (microbubbles) such as microbubbles (cloudy, visible bubbles ranging from 1 micrometer to 100 micrometers) or ultrafine bubbles (colorless, transparent, invisible bubbles ranging from several tens of nanometers to 1 micrometer), mixing multiple fluids (multiple liquids, liquids and gases, or gases), or stirring, diffusing, or shearing a supplied fluid. For example, the present patent applicant has proposed inventions relating to Japanese Patent Nos. 6245397 and 6245401 as such devices. Other patent applicants have also proposed inventions relating to WO 2014 / 204399 and JP 2016-536139. Furthermore, technologies for generating fine bubbles using other methods have also been developed. For example, there is a technology for generating fine bubbles using a Venturi tube, such as the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-22575. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6245397 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6245401 [Patent Document 3] WO2014 / 204399 [Patent Document 4] Special table number 2016-536139 [Patent Document 5] Patent Publication No. 2013-22575 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The present invention aims to improve upon such conventional technology by providing an internal structure, a fluid property changer, and a device using the same that can generate fine bubbles without increasing the flow rate and without suctioning or injecting gases such as air. Alternatively, the present invention aims to provide an internal structure, a fluid property changer, and a device using the same that can simultaneously generate microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles. Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide an internal structure and a fluid property changer that are suitable for use in high-pressure coolant supply devices in machine tools, where a fluid (cutting fluid) pressurized by a high-pressure pump is sprayed to forcibly eject chips. Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide an internal structure and a fluid property changer that can supply a fluid that can achieve a cleaning effect by utilizing cavitation, a flow phenomenon in which pressure is applied to the cavities of microbubbles, causing impact forces (continuous vibrations) when they are crushed. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention specifically has the following configuration: An internal structure that is housed in a housing and changes the properties of a fluid, the internal structure including a first internal structure and a second internal structure. The first internal structure is a tubular structure consisting of one or more hollow reduced diameter sections, throttle sections, and expanded diameter sections. And, Microbubbles are generated in the fluid as it passes through this tubular structure. tube structure The second internal structure has a hollow shaft shape, and at least a part of the first internal structure is housed inside the hollow shaft. The second internal structure has a body portion on its outer surface that has a plurality of protrusions formed thereon and generates ultrafine bubbles in the fluid as the fluid passes between the protrusions. The fluid in which the microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles have been generated is output from the internal structure. The fluid characteristics changing device comprises the internal structure described above and a housing for housing it. A device utilizing the fluid characteristics changing device uses the fluid from the fluid characteristics changing device as a coolant, cleaning agent, disinfectant, or heat transfer agent. Another example of the present invention is an internal structure that is housed in a housing and changes the properties of a fluid, the internal structure having a tubular shape and including an internal structure and an external structure. The internal structure is a tubular structure that includes one or more hollow reduced diameter sections, throttle sections, and expanded diameter sections. And, Microbubbles are generated in the fluid as it passes through this tubular structure. tube structure The outer structure has a body portion on which a plurality of protrusions are formed, and generates ultra-fine bubbles in the fluid while the fluid passes between the plurality of protrusions. The internal structure outputs a fluid in which microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles are generated. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] The internal structure of the present invention can generate fine bubbles (microbubbles) such as microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles, mix multiple fluids, and agitate, diffuse, or shear a supply fluid. In particular, the first internal structure is suitable for generating microbubbles. The second internal structure is suitable for generating ultrafine bubbles. Furthermore, the first internal structure allows fluid to flow more smoothly than the second internal structure, so a large amount of fine bubbles can be generated without increasing the flow rate. Alternatively, as another configuration example, the internal structure of the internal structure may be one or more hollow reduced diameter portions, throttle portions, and expanded diameter portions. The tube structure is This tubular structure is suitable for generating microbubbles in the fluid as it passes through. The body portion, which is the outer structure of the internal structure and has multiple protrusions formed thereon, is suitable for generating ultrafine bubbles in the fluid as it passes between the multiple protrusions. Furthermore, the internal structure allows the fluid to flow more smoothly than the external structure, so a large amount of fine bubbles can be generated without increasing the flow rate. The fluid property changing device of the present invention can also be applied to a high-pressure coolant supply device that discharges a fluid at high pressure. Furthermore, it can effectively generate fine bubbles, such as microbubbles, in the fluid, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the fluid. Alternatively, it can generate various fluids containing fine bubbles, such as microbubbles or ultrafine bubbles, for cooling, cleaning, sterilization, and heat transfer, or generate other functional water, and provide it to various devices and equipment. Furthermore, such internal structures and fluid property changing devices can be used as devices that provide tap water containing fine bubbles to household or commercial water faucets, showers, washing machines, etc. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] A better understanding of the invention can be obtained from the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the following drawings, which are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a utilization device using the fluid property changing device of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a three-dimensional external perspective view of a fluid supply pipe according to a first embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a perspective plan view of the fluid supply pipe of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional exploded perspective view of the fluid supply tube of FIG. 2. [Figure 5] FIG. 3 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the fluid supply pipe of FIG. 2. [Figure 6] FIG. 1A is a side view of the vortex flow generating section on the upstream side of the first internal structure, and FIG. 1B is a three-dimensional perspective view thereof. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a plan cross-sectional view of a first internal structure. [Figure 8] 1A is a three-dimensional perspective view of the second internal structure, and FIG. 1B is a side view of the downstream side. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing that a large number of protrusions are formed by the intersection of a plurality of spiral flow paths and a plurality of annular flow paths in the body portion of the second internal structure. [Figure 10]10 is a perspective plan view of a fluid supply pipe according to a second embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the fluid supply pipe of FIG. [Figure 12] 10A is a side view of a vortex flow generating section on the upstream side of a first internal structure according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a three-dimensional perspective view thereof. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a plan cross-sectional view of a first internal structure according to a second embodiment. [Figure 14] 10 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a fluid supply pipe according to a third embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a plan cross-sectional view of a first internal structure according to a third embodiment. [Figure 16] 10 is a perspective plan view of a fluid supply pipe according to a fourth embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a three-dimensional exploded perspective view of the fluid supply tube of FIG. 16. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is an external view of a second internal structure according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 19] 10 is a perspective plan view of a fluid supply pipe according to a fifth embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a three-dimensional exploded perspective view of the fluid supply tube of FIG. 19. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is an external view of a second internal structure according to the fifth embodiment. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional exploded perspective view of a fluid supply pipe according to a sixth embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a fluid supply pipe according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 24] FIG. 13 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a modified example of the fluid supply pipe according to the sixth embodiment. [Figure 25] FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional exploded perspective view of a fluid supply pipe according to a seventh embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. [Figure 26] FIG. 13 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a fluid supply pipe according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 27] FIG. 13 is an external perspective view of a first internal structure according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 28] FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a first internal structure according to the seventh embodiment. [Figure 29] FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional exploded perspective view of a fluid supply pipe according to an eighth embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device of the present invention. [Figure 30] FIG. 13 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a fluid supply pipe according to an eighth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The following describes a device using the fluid properties change device S of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a tank (water tank) that stores a fluid (e.g., water). The fluid in this tank 1 is pumped up by a pump 2 and supplied to the fluid properties change device S through a pipe. In addition to being supplied with the fluid (first fluid) from the tank 1, the fluid properties change device S also receives a second fluid (not shown) as needed, undergoes fluid property change, and is then supplied to a target device 4 via a valve 3. If the second fluid is air, the fluid properties change device S simply takes in outside air. For example, if the first fluid from the tank 1 is water and the second fluid is air, the fluid properties change device S directly generates ultrafine bubbles (the bubbles are mainly vaporized water inside), while also stirring, diffusing, or shearing the drawn-in air to generate a large amount of microbubbles (some of which may become ultrafine bubbles) that mainly contain air inside. Alternatively, the fluid properties change device S can generate both ultra-fine bubbles and microbubbles using only the first fluid without incorporating a second fluid. In other words, the fluid properties change device S of the present invention can generate fine bubbles by boiling and vaporizing the fluid itself through reduced pressure, or by precipitating gas dissolved in the fluid at room temperature through reduced pressure. In this way, the fluid properties change device S can generate ultra-fine bubbles in addition to microbubbles, allowing the utilization device to utilize fluids containing fine bubbles of various sizes. The fluid properties change device S can also mix, stir, diffuse, or shear two fluids (liquids, liquids, gases, or gas-liquid mixtures).

[0009] A control device 7 controls the opening and closing of a valve 3 based on the output of a sensor 5 that detects the state (water temperature, etc.) of the first fluid in the tank 1 and a sensor 6 that detects the state (flow rate, pressure, etc.) of the fluid passing through the fluid property change device S, and the control state is clearly displayed to an operator on a display panel 8. The fluid that passes through the valve 3 is then supplied to the target device 4. Except when the supplied fluid is consumed by the target device 4, when the fluid is recycled, the fluid used in the target device 4 is returned to the tank 1 after foreign matter and impurities have been filtered out through a filter 9 (or a chiller in some cases) or the like (and the temperature is returned to its original value in some cases).

[0010] The fluid from the fluid properties change device S of the present invention is used in various application devices. For example, the application device may be a machine tool, where the fluid from the fluid properties change device S is discharged from a nozzle onto workpieces or cutting tools such as grinding wheels or drills to cool or clean the workpiece. Alternatively, the application device may be a cleaning system for a factory production line (especially precision equipment). In this way, the fluid supplied from the fluid properties change device S functions as a coolant or cleaning agent in the target equipment 4. In other words, a liquid containing fine bubbles reduces the surface tension of the fluid and improves its permeability, allowing the fluid to reach every detail, improving its cooling effect and cleaning performance. When the air pressure in the liquid falls below the saturated vapor pressure due to the cavitation phenomenon described below, if the liquid is water, bubbles are generated by water vapor. These bubbles are created by negative pressure and naturally disappear at high pressures, generating a large impact. This impact can be used for cleaning, improving cleaning performance. Similarly, the application device can also be used as a cleaning device for bottles, containers, and equipment. Furthermore, ozone is mixed into the water from tank 1 as a second fluid, and the fluid properties are changed to ozone fine bubble water by the fluid properties change device S, which then discharges the ozone bubble water into the target product in the target device 4. In this way, deodorizing, decolorizing, and sterilizing effects can be obtained. Ozone is decomposed into oxygen molecules, and in the process, OH radicals and other substances are generated, improving sterilization performance. Therefore, the fluid supplied from the fluid properties change device S can be used, for example, as a sterilant.

[0011] Furthermore, the target device 4 can be used in fluid systems for household washing, bathing, laundry, and cleaning, where a cleaning effect is expected. In this case, the tank 1 is not required, and tap water (the first fluid) supplied from a water pipe can be directly passed through the fluid property change device S (the second fluid is air). Similarly, this can be applied to fluid systems that directly use tap water in factories, offices, and stores. Alternatively, water from the tank 1 can be mixed with oxygen as the second fluid, and the properties of the water can be changed to oxygen fine bubble water by the fluid property change device S. This can be applied to fluid systems for water treatment in agriculture, fisheries, and other fields. Liquids containing fine bubbles can be absorbed by living organisms such as plants and fish, accelerating their growth. They can also be used to wash food ingredients such as rice, agricultural products, and fresh fish. Furthermore, this can be applied to water treatment systems for purifying groundwater, well water, and contaminated water. Hydrogen, carbon dioxide, or other gases are mixed into the water from tank 1 as a second fluid, and the fluid properties are changed in the fluid property change device S to hydrogen fine bubble water, carbon dioxide fine bubble water, fine bubble water with other properties, or various types of functional water, which can then be used for various purposes.

[0012] Furthermore, the utilization device including the target device 4 can be applied to a fluid system that exchanges heat generated by various devices, and the fluid from the fluid property change device S can be supplied to such a heat exchanger to achieve cooling or heating. The fluid from the fluid property change device S (which contains fine bubbles and is expected to have a temperature change effect) is passed through a pipe in the heat exchanger in the target device 4. In the target device 4, the fluid that has passed through the heat exchanger is returned to its original temperature by a chiller (not shown) and circulated and supplied to the tank 1. In this way, the fluid supplied to the target device 4 functions as a heat transfer agent to achieve cooling or heating of the target device.

[0013] In the case of a fluid system that consumes a specific fluid (does not circulate the fluid), the fluid is used by appropriately replenishing the fluid in the tank 1. Such target equipment is a variety of manufacturing and production lines, and the fluid from the fluid property change device S can be used in the manufacture and production of various goods (food, medicine, emulsion fuel, etc.).

[0014] In the present invention, the fluid property changing device S includes a first or second internal structure that changes the properties of the supplied fluid, or a single internal structure that combines an internal structure with an external structure, and this internal structure may be one that generates fine bubbles (microbubbles or ultrafine bubbles) in the fluid, or one that changes the properties of the fluid by stirring, diffusing, or shearing the fluid, and is thought to bring about a change in the intermolecular bond structure of the fluid. Furthermore, the fluid property changing device S may also be configured by arranging multiple such internal structures in series or in parallel.

[0015] (First embodiment) FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a fluid supply pipe 1100 according to one embodiment of the fluid characteristic change device S of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective plan view of the fluid supply pipe 1100 with its internal components housed and fixed, FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded perspective view of the fluid supply pipe 1100, and FIG. 5 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the fluid supply pipe 1100. As shown in these drawings, the fluid supply pipe 1100 includes a pipe main body 110 and a first internal structure 140 and a second internal structure 240 that constitute the internal structure. The second internal structure 240 has a hollow pipe structure. In FIG. 2, a fluid flows from an inlet 111 to an outlet 112. The inlet 111 and the outlet 112 have the same diameter and are concentric.

[0016] The pipe main body 110 functions as a housing for housing the second internal structure 240, which has the first internal structure 140 disposed in its internal space. The pipe main body 110 is composed of an inlet-side member 120 and an outlet-side member 130. The inlet-side member 120 and the outlet-side member 130 form a cylindrical, open pipe. The inlet-side member 120 has an inlet 111 of a predetermined diameter at one end, and a female thread 121 formed by threading the inner circumferential surface at the other end for connection to the outlet-side member 130. A connecting portion is formed on the inlet 111 side, and the inlet-side member 120 and the upstream joint portion are connected by a threaded engagement between a female thread 122 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the connecting portion and a male thread formed on the outer circumferential surface of the end of an upstream joint portion (not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, the inner diameter of the inlet 111 is smaller than the diameter of the female thread 121, and a tapered portion 123 corresponding to this difference in diameter is formed from the end of the female thread 122 to the start of the female thread 121.

[0017] The outlet-side member 130 has an outlet 112 of a predetermined diameter at one end, and an external thread 132 formed by threading the outer circumferential surface at the other end for connection to the inlet-side member 120. The diameter of the outer circumferential surface of the external thread 132 of the outlet-side member 130 is the same as the inner diameter of the internal thread 121 of the inlet-side member 120. A connecting portion is formed on the outlet 112 side, and the connecting portion is connected to a joint portion (not shown) on the downstream side. For example, the outlet-side member 130 and the joint portion are connected by a threaded connection between the internal thread 133 formed on the internal circumferential surface of the connecting portion and the external thread formed on the external circumferential surface of the end of the joint portion. The inlet-side member 120 and the outlet-side member 130 are connected by a threaded connection between the internal thread 121 on the internal circumferential surface of one end of the inlet-side member 120 and the external thread 132 on the external circumferential surface of one end of the outlet-side member 130, thereby forming the pipe main body 110. As shown in Figure 3, the inner diameter of the pipe with the female thread 132 is larger than the diameter of the outlet 112, so a tapered section 134 is provided on the downstream side of the outlet side member 130, and its downstream end is connected to the upstream end of the female thread 133.

[0018] The above-described configuration of the pipe main body 110 is merely one embodiment, and the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the connection between the inlet-side member 120 and the outlet-side member 130 is not limited to the above-described threaded connection, and any method of connecting mechanical parts known to those skilled in the art can be applied. Furthermore, the configuration of the inlet-side member 120 and the outlet-side member 130 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2 , but can be selected arbitrarily by the designer or changed depending on the application of the fluid supply pipe 1100. The inlet-side member 120 or the outlet-side member 130 can be made of, for example, a metal such as steel, or a non-metal such as plastic or resin. This also applies to the other embodiments described below.

[0019] 2 to 5, it can be seen that the fluid supply pipe 1100 is constructed by inserting and fixing the first internal structure 140 into the hollow cavity of the cylindrical shaft of the second internal structure 240, and then housing it in the outlet-side member 130, and then coupling the male thread 132 on the outer circumferential surface of the outlet-side member 130 with the female thread 121 on the inner circumferential surface of the inlet-side member 120. In FIG. 3, the first internal structure 140 is completely housed in the second internal structure 240, but the first internal structure 140 may have a length that protrudes from the upstream end and / or downstream end of the second internal structure 240. This is the same in the second embodiment and subsequent embodiments. 3, a step at the downstream end of the internal hollow portion of the second internal structure 240 (located on the upstream side of a guide section 247 described later) serves as a stopper for positioning when the first internal structure 140 is disposed relative to the second internal structure 240, and a step at the upstream end of the tapered section 134 of the outflow-side member 130 serves as a stopper for positioning when the second internal structure 240 is disposed relative to the pipe main body 110. In addition, it is possible to prepare a special fixing member or supporting member to fix or support the first internal structure 140 in the internal space of the second internal structure 240, or to fix or support the second internal structure 240 in the internal space of the pipe main body 110. This also applies to other embodiments described below.

[0020] The first internal structure 140 is formed, for example, by processing a cylindrical member made of a metal such as steel or by molding plastic (including injection molding). Its outer diameter is the same as or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical space (cavity) of the hollow shaft (cylindrical tube) of the second internal structure 240 (described below), and the outer shape of the first internal structure 140 is cylindrical so that it can be accommodated in the cylindrical space of the second internal structure 240. As shown in FIG. 7 , the internal space includes a vortex flow generating section 141 on the upstream side and a flow characteristic imparting section 142 on the downstream side. The vortex flow generating section 141 and the flow characteristic imparting section 142 may be separate or integral. For example, they may be formed by cutting, turning, or grinding the interior of a cylindrical member, either singly or in combination. Alternatively, they may be three-dimensionally printed from metal or resin materials using a 3D printer.

[0021] The vortex flow generating section 141 is provided near the upstream opening. Specifically, the vortex flow generating section 141 has multiple grooves formed on the upstream inner wall surface of the pipe, which change the flow of fluid at a specific angle. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6(A), eight grooves with a roughly semicircular cross section are formed from the end surface at a specific oblique angle as shown in FIG. 6(B). That is, grooves 141-1 to 141-8 are formed at 45-degree intervals on the end surface, and the grooves are inclined obliquely to the right as they move downstream. The number of grooves, the shape of the grooves, and the specific inclination angle can be selected as appropriate and are not limited to this embodiment. With this configuration of the vortex flow generating section 141, the fluid supplied to the first internal structure 140 becomes a vortex flow that swirls to the right in the upstream portion. Since a vortex flow can be generated simply by forming multiple grooves, the processing is extremely simple.

[0022] The flow characteristic imparting section 142 downstream of the first internal structure 140 has an internal cavity shaped like a Venturi tube. Specifically, a reduced diameter section 142-1, in which the inner diameter abruptly decreases, a constricted section 142-2, which is connected to the reduced diameter section 142-1 and has a small inner diameter, and an expanded diameter section 142-3, in which the inner diameter abruptly increases, are all formed concentrically. In one configuration example, the distance in the fluid flow direction of the reduced diameter section 142-1 is shorter than the distance in the fluid flow direction of the expanded diameter section 142-3. The maximum radius of the reduced diameter section 142-1 and the maximum radius of the expanded diameter section 142-3 are the same or nearly equal. Of course, the shape of the Venturi tube of this internal cavity can be modified as appropriate. Due to the abrupt change in the inner diameter of this internal cavity, the velocity of the fluid (which actually flows as a vortex flow (spiral flow)) reaches its maximum in the constricted section 142-2, and the static pressure of the fluid drops abruptly according to Bernoulli's equation. The relationship between pressure, velocity, and potential energy in a fluid when no external energy is applied is expressed as Bernoulli's equation:

number

[0023] When the air pressure drops, the boiling point of a liquid drops. According to Boyle-Charles' law, the liquid begins to vaporize when the reduced static pressure reaches the saturated vapor pressure of the liquid. This phenomenon, where static pressure P drops below saturated vapor pressure Pv (3000-4000 Pa for water) in a very short time at roughly the same temperature, causing the liquid to rapidly vaporize, is called cavitation. The hollow shape of a Venturi tube induces this cavitation phenomenon. Cavitation can cause the liquid to boil around tiny bubble nuclei less than 100 microns in size present in the liquid, or numerous tiny bubbles are generated by the release of dissolved gases. While some of these may be ultrafine bubbles, microbubbles are the main type.

[0024] In the fluid property changing device S (see Figure 1), even when a gas as a second fluid is mixed into a liquid as a first fluid, in the flow property imparting section 142, the static pressure of the gas decreases at the constriction section 142-2, causing the bubbles to expand significantly, but the rapid expansion of the inner diameter at the expansion section 142-3 reduces the flow rate and increases the pressure, and the large bubbles are compressed, split, and reduced in size by the pressure, resulting in the generation of mainly microbubbles.

[0025] In this way, a portion of the fluid supplied from the inlet 111 of the pipe main body 110 is supplied from the upstream opening of the first internal structure 140, becomes a right-swirling fluid in the upstream vortex flow generating section 141, and passes as a swirling flow through the Venturi-tube-shaped internal cavity of the downstream flow characteristic imparting section 142. As a result, the static pressure changes suddenly at the diameter reduction section 142-1, then reaches the lowest static pressure at the throttle section 142-3, and conversely, the static pressure suddenly increases at the diameter expansion section 142-3, thereby generating fine bubbles or turning the entrained gas into fine bubbles such as microbubbles. The fluid containing the fine bubbles from the first internal structure 140 flows out from the most downstream open end of the diameter expansion section 142-3.

[0026] On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8 , the second internal structure 240 of this embodiment is a hollow shaft body, and from the upstream side to the downstream side, a head portion 243, a body portion 245, and a guide portion 247 are integrally formed on a shaft portion 241. The head portion 243, the body portion 245, and the guide portion 247 are formed, for example, by cutting, turning, or grinding a cylindrical tubular member made of a metal such as steel, either alone or in combination. Alternatively, they can be formed by a plastic molding method (including injection molding, etc.). Alternatively, they can be three-dimensionally printed from a metal or resin material using a 3D printer.

[0027] More specifically, head portion 243 is a portion that generates a vortex flow (spiral flow) for the fluid when second internal structure 240 is housed in pipe main body 110. Head portion 243 includes shaft portion 241, which has a constant diameter along the length, and four spirally formed blades 243-1 to 243-4. As shown in FIG. 8(A), the tips of blades 243-1 to 243-4 are offset by 90 degrees from one another in the circumferential direction of shaft portion 241, and are spirally formed clockwise at predetermined intervals on the outer peripheral surface of shaft portion 241 between blades corresponding to head portion 243. While the number of blades is four in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Any number of blades may be used, preferably three or more. In this manner, head portion 243 generates a clockwise vortex flow for the fluid. The shape of the blades 243-1 to 243-4 for generating a vortex flow in the head portion 243 is not particularly limited in terms of the angle, thickness, and other shapes of the blades, as long as the blades are configured to generate a vortex flow while the fluid passes between the blades. In this embodiment, the head portion 243 has an outer diameter that is close to the wall surface of the internal space of the outlet-side member 130 of the pipe main body 110 when the second internal structure 240 is housed in the pipe main body 110. In other words, the maximum outer diameter of the outer surface of the head portion 243 is equal to or slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the pipe main body 110.

[0028] The body portion 245 is formed downstream of the head portion 243 and includes a shaft portion 241 having a cylindrical cross section and a constant diameter, and a plurality of projections (convex portions) 245p formed in a net shape and protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion 241. A horizontal cross section of the projections 245p is approximately diamond-shaped. In this embodiment, the diameter of the shaft portion 241 of the body portion 245 is the same as the diameter of the head portion 243. When a fluid flows from the head portion 243 to the body portion 245, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path suddenly decreases, changing the flow characteristics of the fluid.

[0029] FIG. 9 shows an example of a method for forming the protrusions 245p and the flow paths 245r according to this embodiment. Multiple lines (e.g., 14 parallel, annular closed flow paths) are intersected at regular intervals in a 90-degree direction relative to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical shaft member (the left-right direction in the drawing) with multiple lines (e.g., eight spiral flow paths) inclined at a predetermined angle (e.g., 60 degrees) relative to the longitudinal direction at regular intervals. Then, cutting or other processing is performed between the 90-degree lines, skipping one between each of the inclined lines, and cutting or other processing is performed between each of the inclined lines. In this way, multiple protrusions 245p protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion 241 are formed regularly, skipping one between each of the protrusions 245p in the vertical (circumferential) and horizontal (longitudinal) directions. As described above, flow paths 245r are formed between each of the protrusions 245p. In this embodiment, the body portion 245 has an outer diameter that is close to the wall surface of the cylindrical internal space of the outflow-side member 130 of the pipe main body 110 when the internal structure 240 is housed in the pipe main body 110 (i.e., close enough that the top surface (upper surface) of the protrusions 245p comes into contact with the wall surface). The shape of the multiple protrusions 245p can take various shapes, such as a triangle, a polygon, or other shapes, and can be modified to, for example, an airfoil type (wing type) as disclosed in WO2014 / 204399 or a notch type (cutout type) as disclosed in JP2016-536139A. The arrangement thereof can also be appropriately changed (angle, width, etc.) from FIG. 9. For example, the size of the protrusions can be larger on the upstream side and smaller on the downstream side. Such selection and modification of the shape and arrangement can be similarly applied to other embodiments.

[0030] In this embodiment, a guide section 247 is provided on the downstream side of the body section 245. The guide section 247 has a truncated dome shape as shown in side view in Fig. 8(B) and has a hole in the center that connects to the downstream open end of the first internal structure 140. The fluid guided toward the center by the guide section 247 is discharged through the outlet 112 of the pipe main body 110. The shape of this guide section 247 is not limited to a truncated dome shape, and may be a truncated cone shape, a truncated pyramid shape, or the like.

[0031] A portion of the fluid flowing in through the inlet 111 of the pipe main body 110 passes between the inner wall surface of the inlet-side member 120 and the four spiral-shaped blades 243-1 to 243-4 of the head portion 243. As a result, the fluid is transformed into a strong vortex flow by each blade of the head portion 243 and sent to the body portion 245. The fluid passes through multiple narrow flow paths 245r between the multiple protrusions 245p of the body portion 245, each of which has a roughly diamond-shaped horizontal cross section. Specifically, among these flow paths 245r, for example, eight spiral flow paths have steeper flow, while fourteen annular closed flow paths have slower flow. These spiral flow paths and the annular closed flow paths intersect to form intersecting flow paths, and the fluid as a whole moves downstream while repeatedly colliding at the intersections. As a result, turbulence occurs in the fluid, generating numerous tiny vortices. This phenomenon induces fluid mixing and diffusion. The above-described structure of the body portion 245 is also useful for mixing two or more fluids with different properties.

[0032] The second internal structure 240 has a structure that allows the fluid to flow from the upstream side (head 243) with a large cross-sectional area to the downstream side (flow path 245r formed between the multiple protrusions 245p of the body portion 245) with a small cross-sectional area. This structure is expressed by the Bernoulli equation described above. When the fluid is a liquid, it induces a cavitation phenomenon. The cavitation phenomenon causes the liquid to boil around tiny bubble nuclei of 100 microns or less that exist in the liquid, or generates a large number of small bubbles due to the release of dissolved gas. In other words, as the fluid passes through the flow characteristic imparting portion 245, a large number of fine bubbles (fine bubbles) including microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles are generated.

[0033] Furthermore, when the fluid is water, one water molecule forms hydrogen bonds with four other water molecules, and this hydrogen bond network is difficult to break. Therefore, water has a very high boiling point and melting point and high viscosity compared to other liquids that do not form hydrogen bonds. Because water's high boiling point provides excellent cooling, it is frequently used as cooling water in the fields of processing equipment and machine tools. However, the large size of water molecules limits its permeability and lubricity to the processing area. Therefore, special lubricants (e.g., cutting oils) are often used alone or mixed with water. However, when using the fluid supply pipe 1100, the cavitation phenomenon described above causes water vaporization, which is thought to destroy the hydrogen bond network of water. Furthermore, fine bubbles (especially ultrafine bubbles) generated by vaporization improve the permeability and lubricity of the fluid (water). This improved permeability ultimately increases cooling efficiency.

[0034] Then, the fluid containing fine bubbles that has passed through the body portion 245 is guided by the guide portion 247 and flows toward the end of the second internal structure 240. In this way, the fluid (mainly containing ultrafine bubbles) that has passed through the flow path between the second internal structure 240 and the inner wall of the pipe main body 110 merges with the fluid (mainly containing microbubbles) that has passed through the internal flow path of the first internal structure 140 downstream of the pipe main body 110, and is output to the outside from the outlet 112 of the pipe main body 110.

[0035] In the above configuration example, a clockwise vortex flow (swirl flow) is generated in the vortex flow generating portion 141 of the first internal structure 140 and the head portion 243 of the second internal structure 240, but both may be configured to generate a counterclockwise vortex flow (swirl flow). This also applies to the other embodiments described below.

[0036] (Second embodiment) Next, a fluid supply pipe according to a second embodiment of the fluid characteristic change device S of the present invention will be described. FIG. 10 is a perspective plan view of the fluid supply pipe 2100, and FIG. 11 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the fluid supply pipe 2100. This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the configuration of the vortex flow generating means in the upstream portion of the first internal structure. The same components as in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and will not be described again. As shown in the figure, only the vortex flow generating section 2141 of the first internal structure 2140 differs from the first embodiment. Specifically, the vortex flow generating section 2141, located near the upstream opening, is composed of multiple blades protruding from the inner wall surface of the cylindrical tube. In this embodiment, the number of blades is three, but it may be two or four or more. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12(A), the tips of the blades 2141-1 to 2141-3 are offset 120 degrees in the circumferential direction, and as shown in FIG. 12(B), the blades have a spiral blade or blade shape with a certain length in the downstream direction (e.g., halfway around the side of a cylindrical pipe) so as to generate, for example, a right-handed (clockwise) vortex flow. The number of blades and the angle by which the tips are offset circumferentially around the shaft are related. For example, with four blades, the angle is 90 degrees, and with five blades, the angle is 72 degrees. There are no particular limitations on the blade angle, thickness, or other shape, as long as the blade shape can generate a vortex flow as the fluid passes between the blades.

[0037] In the second embodiment, a portion of the fluid supplied from the inlet 111 of the pipe main body 2110 is supplied from the upstream opening of the first internal structure 2140, becomes a right-swirling fluid in the upstream vortex flow generating section 2141, and passes as a swirling flow through the Venturi-tube-shaped internal cavity of the downstream flow characteristic imparting section 142. As a result, the static pressure changes suddenly at the reduced diameter section 142-1, then reaches the lowest static pressure at the throttle section 142-3, and conversely, the static pressure suddenly increases at the expanded diameter section 142-3, thereby generating fine bubbles or converting the entrained gas into fine bubbles such as microbubbles. The fluid containing the fine bubbles from the first internal structure 2140 flows out from the most downstream open end of the expanded diameter section 142-3. Then, the fluid (mainly containing ultra-fine bubbles) that has passed through the flow path between the second internal structure 240 and the inner wall of the pipe main body 110 merges with the fluid downstream of the pipe main body 110 and is output to the outside from the outlet 112 of the pipe main body 110.

[0038] In this embodiment as well, a clockwise vortex flow (swirl flow) is generated in the vortex flow generating portion 2141 of the first internal structure 2140 and the head portion 243 of the second internal structure 240, but both may be configured to generate a counterclockwise vortex flow (swirl flow). The vortex flow generating portion 2141 of the first internal structure 2140 can also be employed in other embodiments described below.

[0039] (Third embodiment) Next, a fluid supply pipe according to a third embodiment of the fluid characteristic change device S of the present invention will be described. Fig. 14 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the fluid supply pipe 3100. This third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments only in that there is no vortex flow generating means in the upstream portion. The same parts as those in the first and second embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

[0040] The first internal structure 3140 is provided with a flow characteristic imparting section 3142, which has an internal cavity shaped like a Venturi tube. Specifically, a reduced diameter section 3142-1, in which the internal diameter decreases abruptly, a constricted section 3142-2 connected thereto, which has a small internal diameter, and an expanded diameter section 3142-3, in which the internal diameter increases abruptly, are all formed concentrically. In one configuration example, the distance in the fluid flow direction of the reduced diameter section 3142-1 is shorter than the distance in the fluid flow direction of the expanded diameter section 3142-3. The maximum radius of the reduced diameter section 3142-1 and the maximum radius of the expanded diameter section 3142-3 are the same or nearly equal. The shape of the Venturi tube of this internal cavity can be modified as appropriate. Due to the abrupt change in the internal diameter of this internal cavity, the velocity of the fluid traveling in a nearly straight line (with vortices generated in some areas due to turbulence) reaches its maximum in the constricted section 3142-2, and according to Bernoulli's equation, the static pressure of the fluid drops sharply. Conversely, the static pressure in the expanded diameter section 3142-3 increases suddenly, generating fine bubbles, or the mixed gas becomes fine bubbles such as microbubbles. The fluid containing the fine bubbles from the first internal structure 3140 flows out from the most downstream open end of the expanded diameter section 3142-3. Note that in subsequent embodiments, a first internal structure 3140 without a swirl generator can also be used.

[0041] (Fourth embodiment) Next, a fluid supply pipe according to a fourth embodiment of the fluid characteristic change device S of the present invention will be described. FIG. 16 is a perspective plan view of the fluid supply pipe 4100, and FIG. 17 is an exploded three-dimensional perspective view of the fluid supply pipe 4100. This fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the configuration of the second internal structure. Therefore, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 18, in this embodiment, a hollow second internal structure 4240 is a hollow circular shaft having a body portion 4245 on the outer surface of which a plurality of protrusions 4245p are provided in a network pattern. Unlike the first embodiment, this embodiment does not have a head portion.

[0042] The body portion 4245 includes a shaft portion 4241 having a cylindrical cross section and a constant diameter, and a plurality of projections (convex portions) 4245p, each having a net-like shape and a generally diamond-shaped cross section, protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 4241. In the fourth embodiment, the side (side edge) connecting the vertices of the generally diamond-shaped cross section, each having an obtuse angle, faces the flow (from left to right in FIG. 18 ). The two sides of the obtuse angle cause the fluid to flow separately to the left and right. The fluid flows separately in two directions, diagonally upward and downward to the right in FIG. 18 , but repeatedly collides with and mixes with fluids flowing similarly from other projections 4245p. In this way, the fluid flows through the intersecting flow paths 4245r and downstream. In Figure 18, a plurality of lines at regular intervals in the diagonally downward right direction of the drawing are cut or processed at an angle (e.g., 20 degrees) that is half of an obtuse angle of a diamond (e.g., 140 degrees) subtracted from 180 degrees in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical shaft member (left-right direction of the drawing), and the lines inclined diagonally upward right direction are cut or processed at an interval of one each, thereby forming a plurality of protrusions 4245p protruding from the outer surface of the shaft portion 4241 in a regular pattern, with one protrusion in the vertical direction (circumferential direction) and left-right direction (longitudinal direction of the shaft portion 4241) skipping one each.

[0043] In this embodiment, the body portion 4245 has an outer diameter that is close to the wall surface of the cylindrical internal space of the outflow-side member 130 of the pipe main body 110 when the internal structure 4240 is housed in the pipe main body 110 (i.e., close enough that the top surface (upper surface) of the protrusions 4245p comes into contact with the wall surface). Note that this top surface is part of the outer surface of the original cylinder and is rounded. The shape and arrangement of the multiple protrusions 4245p can also be changed as appropriate from FIG. 18.

[0044] In this embodiment, a guide portion 4247 is provided downstream of the body portion 4245. This guide portion 4247 is made up of eight protrusions with inclined surfaces facing the center of the shaft, and guides the fluid toward the center of the shaft. The fluid is then discharged through the outlet 112 of the pipe main body 110. The number and shape of this guide portion 4247 are not limited to those shown in the figure.

[0045] A portion of the fluid flowing in through the inlet 111 of the pipe main body 110 passes through multiple narrow flow paths 4245r between multiple diamond-shaped protrusions 4245p of the body portion 4245. Specifically, these flow paths 4245r intersect, and the fluid continues to move downstream as a whole while repeatedly colliding at the intersections. As a result, turbulence occurs in the fluid, generating numerous tiny vortices. Alternatively, a flip-flop phenomenon, in which the fluid alternates between flow paths, may occur, which induces mixing and diffusion of the fluid. The above-described structure of the body portion 4245 is also useful when mixing two or more fluids with different properties.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​flow path 4245r of the fluid supplied from upstream suddenly decreases in body portion 4245, changing the flow characteristics of the fluid. This is the same as in the first to third embodiments. That is, in flow path 4245r with a narrow cross section that intersects second internal structure 4245, the liquid boils around tiny bubble nuclei of 100 microns or less present in the liquid due to the cavitation phenomenon, or many small bubbles are generated by the liberation of dissolved gas. That is, many fine bubbles (fine bubbles) including microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles are generated as the fluid passes through flow characteristic imparting portion 4245.

[0047] (Fifth embodiment) Next, a fluid supply pipe according to a fifth embodiment of the fluid characteristic change device S of the present invention will be described. FIG. 19 is a perspective plan view of the fluid supply pipe 5100, and FIG. 20 is an exploded three-dimensional perspective view of the fluid supply pipe 5100. This fifth embodiment differs from the other embodiments only in the configuration of the second internal structure. Therefore, the same components as those in the other embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 20, in this embodiment, the hollow second internal structure 5240 is a prismatic shaft having a body portion 5245 on the outer surface of which a plurality of protrusions 5245p are provided in a network pattern. Unlike the first embodiment, the second internal structure 5240 does not have a head portion. The outer shape of the shaft of the second internal structure 5245 is a triangular prism with three side faces. The outer shape of the shaft may be a square prism or other prismatic shape. This also applies to the other embodiments.

[0048] In FIG. 21, body portion 5245 includes a triangular prism-shaped shaft portion 5241 with a cylindrical cross section, and multiple protrusions (convex portions) 5245p formed in a network pattern protruding from the outer peripheral surface of shaft portion 5241. Each of these multiple protrusions 5245p has a generally diamond-shaped cross section. As shown in FIG. 21, the protrusions 5245p are formed so that the sides (side edges) connecting the acute-angled vertices of the generally diamond-shaped cross section face the flow (from left to right in the figure). The two sides sandwiching the acute angle cause the fluid to flow separately to the left and right. The fluid flows in diagonally upward and downward to the right, but similarly collides with and mixes with the separated fluid at other protrusions 5245p repeatedly. In this way, the fluid flows through intersecting flow paths 5245r and downstream. In FIG. 21 , multiple lines are cut or otherwise machined at regular intervals diagonally downward to the right of the drawing, with a tilt angle (e.g., 70 degrees) that is half of an acute angle (e.g., 40 degrees) subtracted from 180 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of the triangular prism shaft member (the left-right direction of the drawing), skipping once each. Furthermore, multiple protrusions 5245p protruding from the outer surface of one side of the shaft portion 5241 are regularly formed, skipping one each in the vertical (circumferential) and horizontal (longitudinal) directions of the shaft portion 5241. By performing this machining process on three sides, the entire body portion is formed. Note that, because the original shaft body before machining is cylindrical, each of the top surfaces (upper surfaces) of the multiple protrusions 5245p is the outer surface of the original cylinder, and is rounded. Furthermore, the overall height is higher in the center and decreases toward the outside.

[0049] In this embodiment, the body portion 5245 has an outer diameter that is close to the wall surface of the cylindrical internal space of the outflow-side member 130 of the pipe main body 110 when the internal structure 5240 is housed in the pipe main body 110 (i.e., close enough that the top surface (upper surface) of the protrusions 5245p comes into contact with the wall surface). The shapes of the multiple protrusions 5245p can be various, and their arrangement (angle, width, etc.) can be changed as appropriate from FIG. 21. In particular, if the protrusions 5245p are arranged in a meandering pattern with a slight angle in each row, more turbulence will be generated.

[0050] In this embodiment, a guide portion 5247 is provided downstream of the body portion 5245. This guide portion 5247 is a triangular pyramid with a slope toward the center of the shaft, and the end portion is cut out to connect to the internal cavity. This guide portion 5247 guides the fluid toward the center of the shaft. The fluid is then discharged through the outlet 112 of the pipe main body 110. The shape of this guide portion 5247 can also be changed as appropriate according to the prismatic shape and is not limited to the one shown in the figure.

[0051] A portion of the fluid flowing in through the inlet 111 of the pipe main body 110 passes through multiple narrow flow paths 5245r between multiple protrusions 5245p with approximately diamond-shaped cross sections provided on each side of the body portion 5245. Specifically, these flow paths 5245r intersect, and the fluid as a whole moves downstream while repeatedly colliding and mixing at the intersections. As a result, turbulence occurs in the fluid, generating numerous tiny vortices. Alternatively, a flip-flop phenomenon, in which the fluid alternates between flow paths, may occur, which induces mixing and diffusion of the fluid. The above-described structure of the body portion 5245 is also useful for mixing two or more fluids with different properties.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​flow path 5245r of fluid supplied from upstream in body portion 5245 suddenly decreases, changing the flow characteristics of the fluid. This is the same as in the first to fourth embodiments. That is, in flow path 5245r having a narrow cross section that intersects second internal structure 5240, the liquid boils around tiny bubble nuclei of 100 microns or less present in the liquid due to the cavitation phenomenon, or many small bubbles are generated by the liberation of dissolved gas. That is, many fine bubbles (fine bubbles) including microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles are generated as the fluid passes through flow characteristic imparting portion 5245.

[0053] (Sixth embodiment) Next, a fluid supply pipe 6100 according to a sixth embodiment of the fluid characteristic change device S of the present invention will be described. FIG. 22 is an exploded three-dimensional perspective view of the fluid supply pipe 6100. The pipe body of this sixth embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that the inlet end of the outer surface of the inlet-side member 6120 is cylindrical and has the same diameter, and the outlet end of the outer surface of the outlet-side member 6130 is cylindrical and has the same diameter, but is functionally the same. Furthermore, the internal structure 6140 included inside the pipe body differs from that of the first embodiment in that the first internal structure 140 and the second hollow internal structure 240 are integrally formed. In other words, the internal structure 6140 of the sixth embodiment has the shape of a pipe body and includes an internal structure and an external structure, as shown in FIG. 23. The internal structure, which is the structure inside the tubular body, has, from upstream, a vortex generating section 6141 consisting of multiple grooves, and a flow characteristic imparting section 6142 (reduced diameter section 6142-1, throttle section 6142-2, expanded diameter section 6142-3, and straight pipe section 6142-4) which has a hollow Venturi tube structure, and is configured similarly to the first embodiment. The external structure, which is the structure outside the tubular body, has, from upstream, a head section 6143, a body section 6145, and a guide section 6147. The head section 6143 has, for example, four spirally formed blades, the body section includes multiple projections 6145p formed in a net pattern, and the guide section has a truncated dome shape, similar to the first embodiment.

[0054] In other words, the internal structure 6140 of the sixth embodiment is an integral structure of the first internal structure 140 and the second hollow second internal structure 240 of the first embodiment. When the internal structure 6140 is disposed and fixed inside the inlet-side member 6120 and the outlet-side member 6130 to manufacture the fluid supply pipe 6100, the internal structure 6140 exhibits the same functions and actions as the first internal structure 140 and the second internal structure 240. The internal structure 6140 can be formed from resin such as plastic or metal such as steel using a three-dimensional printer. Of course, other manufacturing processes, such as molding, can also be used. The flow characteristic imparting portion 6142, which is an internal structure of the internal structure 6140 and has a hollow Venturi tube structure, is suitable for generating microbubbles. The body portion 6145, which is an external structure of the internal structure 6140 and has multiple protrusions 6145p formed thereon, is suitable for generating ultrafine bubbles. Furthermore, the internal structure allows fluid to flow more smoothly than the external structure, so a large amount of fine bubbles can be generated without increasing the flow rate.

[0055] The vortex generating portion 6141 of the internal structure 6140 is composed of multiple grooves, as in the first embodiment. However, it may also be composed of multiple blades protruding from the inner wall surface of a cylindrical tube, as in the second embodiment. Furthermore, it may be configured as shown in the modified example in FIG. 24 . That is, in the fluid supply pipe 6100A of FIG. 24 , a straight pipe portion 6146 is formed in the internal structure 6140A instead of the vortex generating portion 6141. The other parts are the same as those in FIG. 23 of the sixth embodiment. The same reference numerals are used to designate the same parts, and their description is omitted. In other words, since this modified example does not have a vortex generating portion, vortex flow generation cannot be expected, but this internal structure is easier to manufacture. In other words, the internal structure of the internal structure 6140A can be formed by cutting processes from the upstream and downstream sides, turning processes (boring, etc.), etc., eliminating the need for a 3D printer. It goes without saying that it can also be formed by a 3D printer. Furthermore, the external structure of the internal structure 6140, 6140A can have the same shape as the body portion 4245, 5245 of the fourth and fifth embodiments, or another shape. That is, the shape of the multiple protrusions 6145p can take various shapes, such as a triangle, a polygon, or another shape, such as the airfoil type (wing type) disclosed in WO2014 / 204399 or the notch type (cutout type) disclosed in JP2016-536139A.

[0056] Seventh embodiment Next, a fluid supply pipe 7100 according to a seventh embodiment of the fluid characteristic changing device S of the present invention will be described. FIG. 25 is an exploded three-dimensional perspective view of the fluid supply pipe 7100. FIG. 26 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the fluid supply pipe 7100. This seventh embodiment has an inlet side member 6120 and an outlet side member 6130 similar to those of the sixth embodiment. A first internal structure 7140 is inserted into and fixed to the hollow cavity of the cylindrical shaft of a second internal structure 7240. As is clear from FIGS. 27 and 28, this first internal structure 7140 is formed with three vortex generating sections 7141A to 7141C and flow characteristic imparting sections 7142A to 7142C downstream thereof, each of which is composed of an internal cavity having the shape of a Venturi tube. That is, each of the flow characteristic imparting sections 7142A-7142C includes a reduced diameter section 7142-1, whose inner diameter decreases rapidly, a constricted section 7142-2, whose inner diameter is narrow, connected to the reduced diameter section 7142-1, and an expanded diameter section 7142-3, whose inner diameter increases rapidly. These sections are formed in a concentric circle. In one configuration example, the distance along the fluid flow direction of the reduced diameter section 7142-1 is shorter than the distance along the expanded diameter section 7142-3. The maximum radius of the reduced diameter section 7142-1 and the maximum radius of the expanded diameter section 7142-3 are the same or nearly equal. Of course, the shape of the Venturi tube of this internal cavity can be modified as needed. The shape of the swirl generating sections 7141A-7141C can also be modified as needed, using grooves or vanes. Alternatively, the swirl generating sections 7141A-7141C can be omitted to simplify the manufacturing process. Furthermore, the second internal structure 7240 into which the first internal structure 7140 is inserted and fixed is similar to the second internal structure of the first embodiment or the second internal structures of the other embodiments, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

[0057] As described above, in this embodiment, particularly when the size of the fluid supply pipe 7100 is increased to increase the flow rate of the fluid and the diameter of the pipe is increased, providing multiple Venturi tubes may maximize the amount of microbubbles generated. Although three flow characteristic imparting units 7142A-7142C are formed in the figure, the number of systems can be two or more. Therefore, two, three, or even four or more systems may be used. It goes without saying that a flow characteristic imparting unit using multiple Venturi tubes can also be applied to the first internal structure of other embodiments.

[0058] Furthermore, in the seventh embodiment, similarly to the sixth embodiment, the first internal structure 7140 and the second internal structure 7240 are integrally configured, and the internal structure is shaped like a tube and has an internal structure inside the tube and an external structure outside the tube, and the internal structure has a flow characteristic imparting portion that is a hollow Venturi tube structure of three systems or two or four or more systems, and the external structure can have a body portion on which a plurality of protrusions are formed. The internal structure can also be provided with a plurality of grooves that create a vortex flow in the fluid flowing into the hollow Venturi tube, or a plurality of blades that protrude from the inner wall surface of the tube.

[0059] (Eighth embodiment) 29 and 30 show a fluid supply pipe 8100 according to an eighth embodiment of the fluid characteristic change device S of the present invention. This is similar to the modified example of the sixth embodiment (FIG. 24), and the internal structure 6140A is similar to that of the sixth embodiment, so a description thereof will be omitted. This internal structure 6140A is housed and fixed in a pipe main body 8130. A female thread 8131 is formed on the inner surface at the upstream end thereof, and a male thread 8132 is formed on the outer surface of the upstream end. A female thread 8133 is also formed on the inner surface of the downstream end. With the internal structure 6140A housed and fixed, the female thread 8131 on the inner side of the upstream end of the pipe main body 8130 is threadedly coupled to a male thread 8121 on the outer side of a fixing ring 8120 that functions as a stopper and has a fluid inlet formed therein. In this way, the internal structure 6140A is fixed to the inner wall of the pipe main body 8130. Male thread 8132 on the outer surface of the upstream end of pipe body 8130 is threadedly coupled to an upstream piping member (not shown), and female thread 8133 on the inner wall surface of the downstream end is threadedly coupled to a downstream piping member (not shown). Fluid supply pipe 8100 according to this embodiment has a compact shape, and by being made entirely from resin, it is lightweight and can be manufactured inexpensively, and can be easily connected to and used with household plumbing equipment, washing machines, and other appliances.

[0060] Although the present invention has been described above using several embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments. Those skilled in the art will be able to derive many modifications and other embodiments of the present invention from the above description and the related drawings. Although several specific terms are used in this specification, they are used in a general sense for the purpose of description only and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications are possible within the scope of the general concept and spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] S Fluid property change device 4. Target devices 1100, 2100, 3100, 4100, 5100, 6100, 6100A, 7100, 8100 Fluid supply pipe 140, 2140, 3140, 7140 First internal structure 141, 2141, 6141, 7141A vortex flow generator 141-1~141-8 Groove 2141-1~2141-3 Wings 142, 3142, 6142, 7142A~7142C Flow characteristic imparting part 240, 4240, 5240, 7240 Second internal structure 243 Head 234-1~234-4 Wings 245, 4245, 5245, 6145, Body 245p, 4245p, 5245p, 6145p Protrusion 245r, 4245r, 5245r flow path 6140, 6140A internal structure

Claims

1. An internal structure that is housed in a housing and changes the properties of the fluid with respect to the fluid, the internal structure includes a first internal structure and a second internal structure; the first internal structure is a tubular structure including one or more hollow reduced diameter portions, throttle portions, and expanded diameter portions, and generates microbubbles in a fluid while the fluid passes through the tubular structure; the second internal structure has a hollow shaft form, and at least a part of the first internal structure is housed inside the hollow shaft, and has a body portion on its outer surface which has a plurality of protrusions formed thereon and which generates ultrafine bubbles in the fluid while the fluid passes between the plurality of protrusions; The internal structure outputs a fluid in which microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles are generated. An internal structure characterized by:

2. The internal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a vortex flow generating means is provided upstream of the flow characteristic imparting portion of the first internal structure, and the vortex flow generating means generates a vortex flow in the fluid flowing into the pipe structure consisting of the hollow reduced diameter portion, the throttle portion, and the expanded diameter portion. body.

3. 3. The internal structure according to claim 2, wherein the vortex flow generating means is a plurality of grooves formed on the inner wall surface of the pipe body, which change the direction of the fluid flow at a specific angle.

4. 3. The internal structure according to claim 2, wherein the vortex flow generating means is a plurality of blades protruding from the inner wall surface of the pipe body for rotating the direction of the fluid flow.

5. The internal structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the tips of the plurality of blades of the vortex flow generating portion of the first internal structure are offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the shaft portion by an angle depending on the number of blades.

6. The internal structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the vortex flow generating portion of the first internal structure includes three blades, the tips of which are offset from each other by 120 degrees in the circumferential direction of the shaft portion.

7. 3. The internal structure according to claim 2, wherein the upstream vortex flow generating portion and the downstream flow characteristic imparting portion of the first internal structure are integrally formed.

8. The internal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow characteristic imparting portion of the first internal structure has a tubular structure consisting of a hollow reduced diameter portion, a throttle portion, and an expanded diameter portion, and by suddenly reducing and then increasing the static pressure of the fluid flowing through the flow path, a cavitation phenomenon is induced and microbubbles are generated.

9. 10. The internal structure of claim 1, wherein the second internal structure has a head portion formed upstream of the body portion, the head portion including a plurality of spirally formed wings.

10. The internal structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the head of the second internal structure includes a shaft portion having a circular cross section and a plurality of spirally formed blades, and the tips of the blades are offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the shaft portion by an angle depending on the number of blades.

11. 11. The internal structure according to claim 10, wherein the head of the second internal structure includes four spirally formed wings, the tips of which are offset by 90 degrees from each other in the circumferential direction of the shaft portion.

12. The internal structure described in claim 1, characterized in that the body portion of the second internal structure has a number of protrusions formed in a net-like pattern on its outer surface, and by passing through the flow paths formed between the protrusions, a cavitation phenomenon is induced and ultra-fine bubbles are generated.

13. 2. The internal structure according to claim 1, wherein a large number of protrusions are formed in a network, and the flow paths formed between the protrusions are intersecting flow paths in which a plurality of spiral flow paths and a plurality of annular flow paths intersect.

14. The internal structure according to claim 9, wherein the second internal structure further comprises a guide portion downstream of the body portion, which guides the fluid toward the center of the container.

15. 2. The internal structure according to claim 1, wherein a large number of protrusions are formed in a net-like pattern, and the flow paths formed between the protrusions are intersecting flow paths where a plurality of flow paths intersect.

16. The internal structure according to claim 1 , wherein the second internal structure is in the form of a cylindrical hollow shaft.

17. The internal structure according to claim 1 , wherein the second internal structure is in the form of a hollow shaft in the shape of a rectangular pillar.

18. An internal structure that is housed in a housing and changes the properties of the fluid with respect to the fluid, the inner structure is tubular in shape and has an inner structure and an outer structure; the internal structure is a tubular structure consisting of one or more hollow reduced diameter sections, throttle sections, and expanded diameter sections, and the tubular structure generates microbubbles in the fluid while the fluid passes through the tubular structure; The outer structure has a body portion on which a plurality of protrusions are formed, and which generates ultra-fine bubbles in the fluid while the fluid passes between the plurality of protrusions; The internal structure outputs a fluid in which microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles are generated. An internal structure characterized by:

19. The internal structure according to claim 18, characterized in that the internal structure is provided with a vortex flow generating means for generating a vortex flow in a fluid flowing into a tubular structure consisting of a hollow reduced diameter section, a throttle section, and an expanded diameter section.

20. 20. The internal structure according to claim 19, wherein the vortex flow generating means is a plurality of grooves formed on the inner wall surface of the tube, which change the direction of the fluid flow at a specific angle.

21. 20. The internal structure according to claim 19, wherein the vortex flow generating means is a plurality of blades protruding from the inner wall surface of the pipe body for rotating the direction of the fluid flow.

22. A fluid property changing device comprising the internal structure according to any one of claims 1 to 21 and a housing for housing the internal structure.

23. 23. A utilization device that utilizes the fluid property changing device according to claim 22, wherein the fluid from the fluid property changing device is used as any one of a coolant, a cleaning agent, a disinfectant, and a heat transfer agent.

Images