Subaxle installation / removal jig and subaxle installation / removal method using the same

Abstract

To provide a subaxle attachment and detachment jig capable of attaching or detaching a subaxle to or from an axle body, and a subaxle attachment and detachment method using the same.SOLUTION: An attachment and detachment jig 30 of a subaxle 26 pivotally supported in a manner that an axle body 25 extends in a longitudinal direction, as a mounting part of a crawler device included in a travel body of a construction machine. The attachment and detachment jig 30 includes: a frame 31 on which the subaxle 26 is placed; a caster 32 that enables the frame to move; an adjuster 33 that can adjust inclination of the frame; restriction means 34 that restricts a distal end portion of the subaxle 26 on the frame; and insertion and removal means 35 that can insert and remove a support shaft 27 to and from a shaft hole of a proximal end portion of the subaxle 26.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a subaxle attachment / detachment jig and a subaxle attachment / detachment method using the same, and more particularly to a subaxle attachment / detachment jig used when disassembling and transporting a crawler-type construction machine, and a subaxle attachment / detachment method using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In large crawler construction machines, such as large pile drivers, the crawler device is removed from the truck frame of the lower traveling body and transported separately due to weight restrictions during transportation, and then assembled and used on site. For this reason, a dedicated jig has been developed and is now in use to make it easy to attach and detach the crawler device (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-6809 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When it comes to reducing the transport weight, there are some models where simply disassembling large parts such as crawlers is not sufficient. In such cases, removing winch drums and other components is a major undertaking, which poses a significant workload when carried out on-site, where speed is essential.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a subaxle attachment / detachment jig that can attach and detach a subaxle to and from an axle body, and a subaxle attachment / detachment method using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the subaxle attachment / detachment jig of the present invention is an attachment / detachment jig for a subaxle that is axially supported in a manner that extends the axle body in the longitudinal direction as an attachment part for a crawler device that constitutes the running body of a construction machine, and is characterized in that it comprises a stand on which the subaxle is placed, casters that allow the stand to be moved, an adjuster that can adjust the inclination of the stand, a restraining means that restrains the tip end of the subaxle on the stand, and an insertion / removal means that can insert and remove the support shaft from the shaft hole at the base end of the subaxle.

[0007] The restraining means includes a rotating shaft that rotates the sub-axle and a fixed shaft that restricts the rotation of the sub-axle around the rotating shaft. The inserting and extracting means includes a support column provided on the base and a manual loading and unloading machine attached to the support column and holding the support shaft so that it can be lifted.

[0008] Furthermore, the subaxle removal method of the present invention is a method for removing or attaching a subaxle using the subaxle removal jig, and is characterized by carrying out the following steps in order: positioning the frame directly below the subaxle; placing the subaxle on the frame; restraining the tip end of the subaxle with the restraining means; removing the support axle from the axle hole at the base end of the subaxle with the insertion / removal means; and separating the subaxle from the axle body. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, the subaxle installation / removal jig includes a base for placing the subaxle, casters that allow the base to move, an adjuster that can adjust the tilt of the base, a restraining means that restrains the tip end of the subaxle on the base, and an insertion / removal means that allows the support shaft to be inserted into or removed from the shaft hole at the base end of the subaxle, so the subaxle can be installed and removed safely with a simple configuration. In other words, after the subaxle is placed on the base, the support shaft at the base end is inserted or removed while the tip end is restrained, so the subaxle can be stabilized on the base, which contributes to facilitating the disassembly and assembly work performed during transportation. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view of a pile driver to which a sub-axle attaching / detaching jig according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a side view of the base machine with the crawler device removed. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a side view of the sub-axle mounting / dismounting jig. [Figure 5] This is also a front view. [Figure 6] FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the setup for using the sub-axle mounting / dismounting jig. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the state in which the tip end of the subaxle is restrained. [Figure 9] FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the setup for using the cargo handling machine. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the state in which the shaft has been removed from the sub-axle of the cargo handling machine. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the state in which the sub-axle is rotated outward. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the state in which the sub-axle mounting / dismounting jig has been retracted. [Figure 14] FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the sub-axle mounting / dismounting jig in a state where it can be lifted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] 1 to 15 are diagrams illustrating a subaxle attachment / detachment jig according to one embodiment of the present invention applied to a pile driver, which is an example of a construction machine. As shown in Fig. 1, the pile driver 11 includes a base machine 14 consisting of a lower track body 12 and an upper rotating body 13 rotatably mounted on the upper part of the lower track body 12, a leader bracket 15 detachably mounted on the front part of the upper rotating body 13, a leader 16 mounted on the front end of the leader bracket 15 in a retractable manner, a pair of left and right front jacks 17 mounted on both sides of the leader bracket 15, a pair of left and right outrigger jacks 18 mounted on the rear part of the upper rotating body 13, a pair of left and right backstays 19 supporting the leader 16 from the rear of the upper rotating body 13, and a retractable gantry 20 mounted above the rear part of the upper rotating body 13.

[0012] A working device (not shown) such as an auger is provided in front of the leader 16 so that it can be raised and lowered along the leader 16. The working device winds and unwinds the wires wound around multiple winch drums (not shown) mounted on the upper rotating body 13, and by operating a hydraulic unit (not shown) mounted on the upper rotating body 13, various operations can be performed, including raising and lowering the working device.

[0013] When transporting such a pile driver 11, it is disassembled into multiple parts according to its mass and size, and each part is loaded onto a transport vehicle such as a trailer. First, large parts such as the leader 16, backstay 19, and gantry 20 are removed from the upper rotating body 13. Then, in order to transport the base machine 14, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the front jack 17 and outrigger jacks 18, each equipped with a raising spacer 21, are extended to raise the base machine 14, and the left and right crawler devices 22 are separated from the track frame 23 by the lifting operation of a crane on the lower traveling body 12.

[0014] The track frame 23 consists of a center frame 24 having a swivel bearing and a pair of front and rear axle bodies 25, 25 provided in front and behind the center frame 24, and four sub-axles 26 are provided at both longitudinal ends of the axle bodies 25, 25 as mounting portions for the crawler device 22, and are axially supported in a manner that extends the axle body 25 in the longitudinal direction.

[0015] The sub-axles 26 are a set of two with symmetrical bracket structures, and in this embodiment, each sub-axle has a mass of approximately 200 kg. A shaft hole 26a (FIG. 6) is provided at the base end of the sub-axle 26, which aligns with the overlapping portion with the axle body 25. A shaft (support shaft) 27 is inserted through this shaft hole 26a, and the sub-axle is supported in a cantilevered manner on the axle body 25. Meanwhile, the tip end of the sub-axle 26 is provided with two shaft holes 26b, 26c in its upper and lower bifurcated portion, into which a connecting member (not shown) of the crawler device 22 is inserted for connection. A first pin (rotating shaft) 28 and a second pin (fixed shaft) 29 are inserted, in order from the tip shaft hole 26b, into each of the shaft holes 26b, 26c.

[0016] When removing the subaxle 26 from the axle main body 25 as a measure to reduce the transportation mass, a subaxle removal and installation jig 30 that also serves as a transportation stand is used. As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the subaxle removal and installation jig 30 has a bogie structure that can be operated manually, and basically includes a stand 31 on which the pair of subaxles 26, 26 are placed, casters 32 that allow the stand 31 to be moved, an adjuster 33 that can adjust the inclination of the stand 31, a restraining means 34 that restrains the tip end of the subaxle 26 on the stand 31, and an insertion and removal means 35 that allows the shaft 27 to be inserted into and removed from the shaft hole 26a at the base end of the subaxle 26.

[0017] The platform 31 has a frame structure made up of a combination of steel sections and plate materials, and is provided with a flat mounting section 31a in the center for mounting the pair of subaxles 26, 26. A plate 31b is provided in a raised position on the front side of the platform 31 (the right side in FIG. 4) to be inserted into the tip end (which has a bifurcated shape) of the subaxle 26, and a bar handle 31c is provided on the top surface of the plate 31b for pushing and pulling the platform 31 supported by the casters 32. The frame section of the platform 31 is further provided with a plurality of lifting holes 31d for mounting and lifting the subaxles 26, 26.

[0018] The adjusters 33 are provided at four locations (front, back, left, and right) corresponding to the positions of the casters 32, and are formed, for example, by pusher bolts that penetrate vertically through the bottom of the base 31. When the pusher bolt is tightened at a desired position, a repulsive force from the ground G is obtained, allowing the tilt of the base 31 to be adjusted.

[0019] As shown in Figure 6, the restraint means 34 includes a first pin (rotating shaft) 28 that rotates the sub-axle 26 and a second pin (fixed shaft) 29 that restricts the rotation of the sub-axle 26 around the first pin 28. The plate body 31b has three shaft holes 31e, 31f, 31g on each side, for a total of six, so that the first pin 28 and the second pin 29 can be inserted and removed.

[0020] Of the shaft holes 31e, 31f, 31g, one shaft hole 31e that aligns with the shaft hole 26b of the subaxle 26 is selected, and the first pin 28 is inserted to rotatably support the subaxle 26. Then, the inner shaft hole 31f of the remaining two is selected, and the second pin 29 is inserted to non-rotatably support the subaxle 26, so that the pair of subaxles 26, 26 are restrained on the mounting portion 31a in a parallel relationship to each other. On the other hand, if the outer shaft hole 31g is selected, and the second pin 29 is inserted to non-rotatably support the subaxle 26, 26, the pair of subaxles 26, 26 are restrained on the mounting portion 31a in a V-shape.

[0021] The insertion / extraction means 35 includes a support pillar 36 attached to the frame 31 and a manual loading / unloading machine 37 attached to the support pillar 36 and holding the shaft (support shaft) 27 so that it can be lifted. The support pillar 36 is made of a square pipe with a thickness that allows it to pass between the subaxles 26, 26, and is a foldable structure that can be folded forward at an intermediate position around a pivot pin 36a. When the support pillar 36 is folded down (shown by the imaginary line in Figure 4), the plate surface of the contact plate portion 36b, which is folded down together with the support pillar 36, abuts against the upper surface of the subaxle 26, and the two are fixed together with a butterfly bolt 38 using a tapped hole 26d provided in the subaxle 26.

[0022] Upper shackles 39 are attached to both sides of the upper end of the support 36, and a lower shackle 39 is attached to the shaft 27, and a cargo handling machine 37 is connected via these upper and lower shackles 39, 39. The cargo handling machine 37 is, for example, a lever block (registered trademark, the same applies hereinafter) which is well known as a manual pulling device, and two are provided corresponding to the number of shafts 27, 27. When the upper and lower hooks 37a, 37b of the lever block are engaged with the shackles 39, 39 and the lever is operated back and forth, the length of the chain is shortened and tension is applied, allowing the shaft 27 to be inserted or removed.

[0023] A method for attaching and detaching the subaxles 26 using the subaxle attaching and detaching jig 30 will be described below with reference to Figures 7 to 15. Four subaxle attaching and detaching jigs 30 are prepared so that all eight subaxles 26 can be transported as individual parts. First, with the left and right crawler devices 22 removed from the truck frame 23, the truck frame 23 is rotated so that the first set of subaxles 26, 26 to be worked on is positioned on one side of the upper rotating body 13, for example, near the driver's cab 13a (Figure 3).

[0024] As shown in Figure 7, the sub-axle mounting / removal jig 30 is inserted into the space below the sub-axle 26 with the support posts 36 raised and the base 31 facing the sub-axle 26. At this time, the height of the base machine 14 is adjusted by extending and retracting the front jack 17 and the outrigger jacks 18 as needed.

[0025] 8, the frame 31 is placed directly below the sub-axle 26, and with the plate 31b inserted into the tip (bifurcated) of the sub-axle 26, the pusher bolt is tightened to adjust the adjuster 33. As a result, the sub-axle 26 is placed on the mounting portion 31a, and the inclinations of the sub-axle 26 and the frame 31 are aligned.

[0026] Next, the first pin 28 is inserted into one of the shaft holes 26b, 31e, which has now been made coaxial, and the second pin 29 is inserted into the other shaft holes 26c, 31f, which restrains the tip of the sub-axle 26. By similarly restraining the tip of the sub-axle 26 on the opposite side, the pair of sub-axles 26, 26 are stably held parallel to each other on the mounting portion 31a, as shown in Figure 9.

[0027] Next, as shown in Figure 10, shackles 39 are attached to both sides of the upper end of the support pillar 36 and to the upper ends of the two shafts 27, and the loading machine 37 is placed in a standby state with two lever blocks inserted between the upper and lower shackles 39. One of the lever blocks is then reciprocated to shorten the length of the chain. As a result, as shown in Figure 11, the shaft 27 is removed from the shaft hole 26a at the base end of the sub-axle 26, and the axial support state of the sub-axle 26, i.e., the connection between the axle body 25 and the sub-axle 26, is released.

[0028] Next, with the shaft 27 suspended (FIG. 11), as shown in FIG. 12, the second pin 29 is inserted from the inner shaft hole 31f to the outer shaft hole 31g in the plate 31b, thereby rotating the subaxle 26 from the inside to the outside around the first pin 28. The same process is repeated on the opposite side to rotate the subaxle 26 from the inside to the outside around the first pin 28. This prevents the axle body 25 and the subaxle 26 from being pressed together in the vertical direction when the adjuster 33 is released. After releasing the adjuster 33, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, with the pair of subaxles 26, 26 held in a V-shape, the mount 31 and the axle body 25 are separated and the mount 31 is retracted away from the axle body 25.

[0029] Next, by inserting the second pin 29 from the outer shaft hole 31g to the inner shaft hole 31f in the plate body 31b, the V-shaped sub-axles 26, 26 are rotated from the outer side to the inner side around the first pin 28. This causes the sub-axles 26, 26 to be held parallel to each other on the mounting portion 31a. Then, by operating the lever block back and forth to extend the length of the chain, the suspended shaft 27 moves downward and is inserted into the shaft hole 26a at the base end of the sub-axle 26. This procedure is repeated for the other shaft 27.

[0030] Finally, as shown in Figure 15, with the lever block removed, the support 36 is lowered and fixed to the top of the subaxle 26 with a butterfly bolt 38. This subaxle 26 separation work is carried out in the same way for the remaining three locations while the truck frame 23 is rotated as needed. The four subaxle attachment / detachment jigs 30, with the subaxles 26 now mounted, are lifted by a crane using the lifting holes 31d and loaded in an aligned state onto the bed of a transport vehicle. Then, when they are transported to the destination site, they are attached to the truck frame 23 in the process of assembling the pile driver 11 by reversing the above-described procedure.

[0031] As described above, according to the present invention, subaxle attachment / detachment jig 30 includes base 31 on which subaxle 26 is placed, casters 32 that allow base 31 to be moved, adjuster 33 that can adjust the inclination of base 31, restraining means 34 that restrains the tip end of subaxle 26 on base 31, and insertion / detachment means 35 that can insert and remove support shaft 27 into and from shaft hole 26a at the base end of subaxle 26, so that subaxle 26 can be safely attached and detached with a simple configuration. In other words, after subaxle 26 is placed on base 31, support shaft 27 at the base end is inserted and removed with the tip end restrained, so that subaxle 26 can be stabilized on the base, which contributes to facilitating disassembly and assembly work performed during transportation.

[0032] Furthermore, because the restraining means 34 is equipped with a rotating shaft 28 that rotates the sub-axle 26 and a fixed shaft 29 that restricts the rotation of the sub-axle 26 around the rotating shaft 28, a stable state of the sub-axle 26 can be created with a simple pin connection, and because the sub-axle 26 can be moved closer to or farther away from the axle body 25 by the simple action of simply rotating the sub-axle 26, this is particularly effective for inserting and removing axles where strict position and angle (inclination) are required.

[0033] Furthermore, since the insertion / removal means 35 comprises a support 36 provided on the frame 31 and a manual loading / unloading machine 37 attached to the support 36 and holding the support shaft 27 so that it can be lifted, the insertion / removal function of the support shaft 27 is obtained with a simple and inexpensive configuration, and a sub-axle attachment / detachment jig 30 is achieved that is suitable for the various environments at the site where the pile driver 11 is used.

[0034] The present invention is not limited to the above-described exemplary embodiments, and various configurations of the frame and each part are possible as long as they can be handled by hand, and modifications can be made as appropriate depending on the shape and size of the subaxle to be mounted. Furthermore, the equipment used when attaching and detaching the subaxle may be something that can check the degree of inclination (level), such as a spirit level. Furthermore, although the embodiments have been described using a pile driver as an example, the present invention is not limited to this and can also be applied to other large crawler-type construction machines. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 11...pile driver, 12...lower running body, 13...upper rotating body, 13a...operator cab, 14...base machine, 15...leader bracket, 16...leader, 17...front jack, 18...outrigger jack, 19...backstay, 20...gantry, 21...spacer, 22...crawler device, 23...track frame, 24...center frame, 25...axle body, 26...subaxle, 26a, 26b, 26c...axle hole, 26d...tapped hole, 27...shaft (support shaft), 28...first pin (rotating shaft), 29...second pin (fixed shaft), 30...subaxle attachment / detachment jig, 31...frame, 31a...mounting portion, 31b...plate body, 31c...bar handle, 31d...hanging hole, 31e, 31f, 31g...shaft hole, 32...caster, 33...adjuster, 34...restraint means, 35...insertion / removal means, 36...support, 36a...rotating pin, 36b...backing plate portion, 37...loading machine, 37a, 37b...hook, 38...wing bolt, 39...shackle

Claims

1. A sub-axle mounting / dismounting jig that supports a sub-axle in a manner that extends the axle body in the longitudinal direction as a mounting portion of a crawler device that constitutes a traveling body of a construction machine, a frame on which the sub-axle is mounted; Casters that allow the stand to be moved; an adjuster capable of adjusting the tilt of the frame; a restraining means for restraining a tip end portion of the subaxle on the frame; an insertion / removal means for inserting and removing a support shaft into and from a shaft hole at a base end of the sub-axle; A sub-axle attachment / detachment jig comprising:

2. 2. The subaxle removal and installation jig according to claim 1, wherein the restraining means comprises a rotation shaft for rotating the subaxle, and a fixed shaft for restricting rotation of the subaxle around the rotation shaft.

3. 3. A subaxle removal and installation jig according to claim 1, wherein the insertion and removal means comprises a support pillar provided on the frame and a manual loading and unloading machine attached to the support pillar and holding the support shaft so that it can be lifted.

4. A sub-axle mounting and dismounting method using the sub-axle mounting and dismounting jig according to claim 1, positioning the cradle directly beneath the sub-axle; placing the subaxle on the platform; restraining a tip end portion of the subaxle with the restraining means; removing the support shaft from the shaft hole at the base end of the sub-axle by the insertion / removal means; separating the sub-axle from the axle body; A sub-axle installation and removal method characterized by carrying out the above steps in order.

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