Refractory structure

Abstract

To improve workability and sound insulation property while securing fire resistant performance.SOLUTION: A fire resistant structure 1 includes a structure steel frame material 2, and a finishing material 3 which is arranged so as to be separated from the structure steel frame material 2, constitutes a wall surface of a wall body 10 including the structure steel frame material 2, and is formed of an orthogonal laminated plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant structure provided in structural materials of a building. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, a wall structure that separates a space within a building into two compartments, such as a parting wall in an apartment building, requires both sound insulation and fire resistance. Patent Document 1 discloses a wall structure having steel frames and finishing materials used as structural members of a building, in which an air gap is formed between the steel frames and the finishing materials without providing a fire-resistant covering material. In this wall structure, the air gap between the finishing materials and the steel frames suppresses heat transfer from the finishing materials to the steel frames, thereby improving the fire resistance of the steel frames. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6776016 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the wall structure described in Patent Document 1 requires the installation of steel base materials when fixing the finishing materials, which poses a problem of requiring a lot of construction work. Additionally, examples of fire-resistant finishing materials include gypsum board and ALC, but these materials have the problem of being difficult to process into complex shapes and grooves on-site.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant structure that can improve construction efficiency and sound insulation while ensuring fire resistance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The fire-resistant structure of the present invention is characterized by comprising a structural steel frame and a finishing material formed from orthogonally laminated timber that is positioned at a distance from the structural steel frame and forms the wall surface of a wall body that includes the structural steel frame.

[0007] The fire-resistant structure may further include a slab, the wall body being disposed in a space defined by the slab, and the finishing material being fixed directly to the slab.

[0008] In the above fire-resistant structure, an approach gap portion, which is the gap at the position where the finishing material is closest to the structural steel frame, may be formed between a notch formed in the finishing material and the structural steel frame.

[0009] In the above fire-resistant structure, the finishing material may be formed of cross-laminated timber boards having a thickness of 90 mm or more.

[0010] In the above fire-resistant structure, the finishing material may have a finishing material body formed by the cross-laminated boards, and a fire-retardant layer laminated with the finishing material body. In the above fire-resistant structure, the finishing material may be flame-retardant treated. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the fire-resistant structure of the present invention, the finishing material formed from cross-laminated timber reduces the heat input during a fire, ensuring fire resistance, and eliminating the need for underlayment improves workability. Furthermore, the use of cross-laminated timber as a finishing material improves the sound insulation of the fire-resistant structure, makes it possible to install cross-laminated walls, and improves the in-plane and out-of-plane wall strength. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a method for fixing the finishing material to the slab. [Figure 3]FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a finishing material for a fire-resistant structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a fireproof structure for explaining measurement positions in a heat conduction analysis simulation. [Figure 6] 10 is a graph showing temperature history at each measurement position in a heat conduction analysis simulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and drawings, components having substantially the same functional configurations are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

[0014] (First embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant structure 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The fire-resistant structure 1 is, for example, a partition wall that separates a space separated by a slab SL into two compartments S1 and S2 in a multi-story building such as an apartment building. The building is not limited to an apartment building, but may also be used as a hospital or office. The building is not limited to a multi-story building, but may also be a single-story building. The fire-resistant structure 1 is not limited to a partition wall, but may also be used as a partition wall or exterior wall.

[0015] As shown in FIG. 1, the fire-resistant structure 1 has a steel beam 2 and at least a pair of finishing materials 3 facing the compartments S1 and S2 on both sides, respectively. An approach gap 30 is formed between the steel beam 2 and the finishing material 3. The approach gap 30 is the gap where the finishing material 3 is closest to the steel beam 2. In other words, the finishing material 3 is provided so as to be separated from the steel beam 2 via the approach gap 30. It is preferable that the distance between the steel beam 2 and the finishing material 3 in the approach gap 30 is, for example, 10 mm or more. An air layer G is formed in the approach gap 30.

[0016] The steel beam 2 is a structural member made of H-shaped steel. The steel beam 2 extends in the wall width direction Z, i.e., in the in-plane direction of the finishing materials 3, in the space between a pair of finishing materials 3. By being positioned between the pair of finishing materials 3, the steel beam 2 is not visible from the sections S1 and S2, which are exclusive use areas. 1, the structural steel members are steel beams 2 extending in the wall width direction Z, but in other examples, the structural steel members may include steel columns extending in the height direction Y. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the structural steel members are steel members that constitute structural members such as beams, columns, and braces. The steel beams 2 only need to be provided with the minimum amount of fire-resistant coating, such as sprayed rock wool fire-resistant coating or wrapped fire-resistant coating, and if fire-resistant coating is not required due to the effect of the air layer G, the application of the fire-resistant coating may be omitted. By reducing the application of fire-resistant coating to structural steel frames such as the steel beams 2, the material costs and application costs of the fire-resistant coating can be reduced.

[0017] A pair of finishing materials 3 are arranged facing two separated sections S1 and S2, respectively, and constitute the wall surface of a wall 10 including steel beams 2, which are structural steel members. In this embodiment, the finishing material 3 is formed from cross-laminated timber (CLT). Cross-laminated timber is a wood-based material (wood finishing material) made by arranging sawn boards and then laminating and gluing them so that the grain directions are perpendicular to each other. Cross-laminated timber has higher rigidity than finishing materials such as gypsum board and ALC. The thickness of the finishing material 3 formed by cross-laminated boards is, for example, 90 mm or more and 210 mm or less. By making it have such a thickness, the finishing material 3 can exhibit further rigidity.

[0018] The pair of finishing materials 3 are fixed directly to the slab SL that forms the floor and ceiling. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the finishing materials 3 are fixed to the slab SL using metal fittings 12 that are used to fasten ALC panels, for example. Examples of the metal fittings 12 used to fasten the finishing materials 3 include RF plates shown in Figure 2, and a combination of an inazuma plate and an angle. That is, the finishing material 3 is fixed without using base materials such as steel or wooden base materials. The steel base material is, for example, a base material using light-gauge steel frames that can be assembled based on the standards set forth in JIS A 6517. By forming the finishing material 3 from cross-laminated timber with sufficient rigidity as described above, the finishing material 3 can be fixed to the slab SL without using base materials such as steel or wooden base materials.

[0019] According to the above embodiment, the finishing material 3 is formed from orthogonal laminated boards with high rigidity, and there is no need to install a base material when fixing the finishing material 3, which makes it easy to install and shortens the construction period.

[0020] Furthermore, the finishing material 3 formed from cross-laminated timber reduces the heat input during a fire, making it possible to ensure the required fire resistance while omitting or reducing the fire-resistant coating on the steel beams 2. Furthermore, by forming the finishing material 3 from cross-laminated timber, which is a wood-based finishing material, a char layer can be reliably formed, further improving fire resistance.

[0021] In addition, the air layer G formed in the approach gap 30 suppresses heat transfer from the finishing material 3 to the steel beam 2, thereby improving the fire resistance of the steel beam 2. Furthermore, by using cross-laminated boards as the finishing material 3, the material itself can have a beautiful appearance, and the need for further decoration such as pasting wallpaper on the surface of the finishing material 3 can be omitted.

[0022] (Second embodiment) Next, a fire-resistant structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 3 , notches 31 and 32 are formed on the surface of the finishing material 3B of this embodiment facing the steel beam 2. The finishing material 3B, which forms the wall surface of the wall 10 including the steel beam 2, is positioned so as to overlap a portion of the steel beam 2 when viewed from the height direction Y. The notches 31 and 32 are formed at the same height as the flange of the steel beam 2 when the wall 10 is constructed. In this embodiment, an approach gap 30, which is the gap where the finishing material 3 is closest to the steel beam 2, is formed between the notches 31 and 32 and the steel beam 2. In the approach gap 30, an air layer G (space) is provided between the finishing material 3 and the steel beam 2. More specifically, the notches 31 and 32 are formed so that the distance between the steel beam 2 and the notches 31 and 32 in the approach gap 30 is, for example, 10 mm or more.

[0023] The notches 31 and 32 may be formed in the finishing material 3 before it is delivered to the site, or may be formed and processed to match the shape of the steel beam 2 on site.

[0024] According to the above embodiment, by providing the notches 31 and 32 in the finishing material 3, the thickness of the entire fire-resistant structure 1B can be reduced. When using gypsum board or ALC as finishing materials, it is difficult to process complex shapes and grooves on-site, but by using cross-laminated board as finishing material 3B, grooves can be easily processed on-site.

[0025] (Third embodiment) Next, a fire-resistant structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in Figure 4(A), the finishing material 3C of this embodiment has a pair of finishing material bodies 33 formed from cross-laminated timber, and a fire-retardant layer 5 sandwiched between the pair of finishing material bodies 33. Such a finishing material 3C can be used, for example, as the finishing materials 3 and 3B in the first and second embodiments. In other words, the finishing material in this embodiment of the present invention does not have to be formed entirely from cross-laminated timber; for example, the finishing material may be constructed by laminating another material, such as the fire-retardant layer 5, onto the cross-laminated timber. The fire-stopping layer 5 is a layer formed of gypsum board, heat-insulating fire-resistant panel, mortar, or the like, which stops combustion. According to the above embodiment, as explained in the above embodiment, the finishing material formed from orthogonal laminated boards reduces the heat input from a fire, and the air layer G formed in the approach gap 30 suppresses heat transfer, thereby improving the fire resistance performance. In addition, the finishing material 3C includes a fire-retardant layer 5, which further improves the fire resistance performance of the fire-resistant structure.

[0026] The fire-retardant layer 5 is not limited to being sandwiched between the finishing material main body 33 as described above, but may also be configured as a layer of the fire-retardant layer 5 on the surface of the finishing material main body 33 facing the steel beam 2 (inside the wall), as in the finishing material 3D shown in Figure 4(B).

[0027] In the above embodiments, the finishing material formed by the cross-laminated boards is not flame-retardant treated, but may be covered with wood injected with a flame-retardant agent, for example. The cross-laminated timber board may be subjected to a fire-retardant treatment.

[0028] (Example) A simulation carried out to verify the fire resistance performance of the fire-resistant structure of the present invention will be described below. Figures 5 and 6 show the results of a heat conduction analysis simulation conducted to verify the fire resistance of a fire-resistant structure. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant structure to explain the measurement positions, and Figure 6 is a graph showing the temperature history at each measurement position. The horizontal axis of Figure 6 represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents temperature (°C).

[0029] As shown in Figure 5, the finishing material 3 used in the simulation is a 150 mm thick orthogonal laminated board, and the distance between the finishing material 3 and the flange of the H-shaped steel that makes up the steel beam 2 in the approach gap is 25 mm. Measurement position P1 was the surface of the finishing material facing the side where the fire broke out, measurement position P2 was 50 mm inside the finishing material from position P1, measurement position P3 was 100 mm inside the finishing material from position P1, and measurement position P4 was 150 mm from position P1 on the opposite surface of the finishing material. Measurement position P5 was the flange end of the H-shaped steel, facing position P4 across an approach gap. In the simulation, the heating was set to follow the standard fire temperature curve defined in ISO834.

[0030] As shown in Figure 6, in the fire-resistant structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature at measurement position P2 was kept below 600°C 90 minutes after the fire broke out, and the temperature rise of the H-shaped steel at measurement position P5 was sufficiently suppressed. These experimental results show that the 150mm thick cross-laminated timber has sufficient fire resistance. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1...fire-resistant structure, 2...steel beam (structural steel material), 3...finishing material, 5...fire-retardant layer, 10...wall, 12...metal fittings, 30...approach gap, 33...finishing material body, G...air layer, S1, S2...compartment, SL...slab.

Claims

1. Structural steel materials; a finishing material formed by orthogonally laminated boards that is arranged at a distance from the structural steel frame and that constitutes a wall surface of a wall body that includes the structural steel frame; The proximity gap portion, which is the gap at the position where the finishing material is closest to the structural steel frame, is a fire-resistant structure formed between a notch formed in the finishing material and the structural steel frame.

2. The fire-resistant structure further comprises a slab; The wall is disposed in the space defined by the slab, 2. The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the finish material is fixed directly to the slab.

3. 3. The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the finishing material is formed of cross-laminated timber having a thickness of 90 mm or more.

4. 4. A fire-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the finishing material comprises a finishing material body formed by the orthogonal laminated boards and a fire-retardant layer laminated with the finishing material body.

5. The fire-resistant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the finishing material is flame-retardant treated.

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