Reinforcement member

Abstract

Described herein is a reinforcement element that includes at least one honeycomb element, first and second adhesive layers, and a constraining layer for attachment to a substrate.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (Cross-reference of related applications) This application claims the interests of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 118,535, filed on 25 November 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] (Technical field) This disclosure relates to reinforcing members that are generally used in industrial products and are resistant to deformation. [Background technology]

[0003] It has long been known that industrial products can be reinforced. In many cases, additional materials can provide sound damping or vibration damping. See U.S. Patent Publications US2013 / 0043901 and US2009 / 0277716, and Patent Cooperation Treaty Publication WO2017 / 214544.

[0004] Furthermore, reinforcing elements have been used in industrial applications as structural reinforcement, for example, as layers applied to epoxy rubber compounds (U.S. Patent Publication 2020 / 0282703, Nitohard® reinforcing elements AS-3000 and / or RE-1000, [Nitto Denko Corporation, Osaka, Japan]). These options may require curing the reinforcing elements and / or the structures to which they are attached at temperatures of approximately 160°C. However, with the current shift in automotive body component substrates from sheet metal to polymer or plastic materials, the high temperatures used to cure such materials, including thermosetting adhesives, can adversely affect the non-metallic substrates to which the reinforcing elements are attached. Moreover, applying high curing temperatures to reinforcing elements can be difficult, requiring large baking ovens to surround the body components being reinforced and / or cured.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for reinforcing elements that can strengthen industrial materials without using elements that harden at high temperatures. [Overview of the project]

[0006] This disclosure describes reinforcing elements applied to industrial products to improve the deformation / flexing resistance of the products. In some embodiments, an optical display includes at least one holographic optical element. In some embodiments, a reinforcing element for attachment to a substrate is described, which may include a stiffening layer, a first thermoplastic adhesive layer for bonding the stiffening layer to the substrate, and a high tensile modulus layer and / or a second thermoplastic or thermosetting adhesive layer, the high tensile modulus layer being bonded to the stiffening layer by the second thermoplastic or thermosetting adhesive layer. In some embodiments, the reinforcing layer can be applied to the substrate. In some embodiments, the substrate may include a release liner layer. In some embodiments, the substrate may include an industrial product, e.g., an industrial sheet material or a plastic fascia. In some embodiments, the stiffening layer may include polypropylene. In some embodiments, the stiffening layer may include a structured honeycomb core. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer may include a thermoplastic adhesive. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive may be below 160°C formation This can be made possible. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive can be a thermoplastic pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0007] These embodiments and other embodiments will be described in more detail below. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing elements described in this specification.

[0009] [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the forces applied to the reinforcing elements described in this specification.

[0010] [Figure 3] It is a graph of deformation (mm) as a function of the applied force (N) in the test of the embodiment described in this specification.

[0011] [Figure 4] It is a graph of deformation (mm) as a function of the applied force (N) in the test of the embodiment described in this specification.

[0012] [Figure 5] It is a graph of deformation (mm) as a function of the applied force (N) in the test of the embodiment described in this specification.

[0013] [Figure 6] It is a graph of deformation (mm) as a function of the applied force (N) in the test of the embodiment described in this specification.

[0014] [Figure 7] It is a graph of deformation (mm) as a function of the applied force (N) in the test of the embodiment described in this specification.

[0015] [Figure 8] It is a graph of deformation (mm) as a function of the applied force (N) in the test of the embodiment described in this specification.

[0016] [Figure 9] It is a graph of the vibration damping effect shown by the embodiment described in this specification using the Oberst test.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Resistance to deformation can refer to the ability to maintain structural integrity without breaking. For example, an element that can withstand a force of at least 80 N and deflection of at least 5 mm can mean that even when a force of 80 Newtons is applied to the sample, the material of the sample will not deflect more than 5 mm.

[0018] This disclosure relates to reinforcing elements that enhance the resistance of materials to mechanical deformation. This disclosure describes an approach that employs thermoplastic resins to provide structural support for bonding to a substrate / element without using thermosetting resins, thereby avoiding exposure of the element to high-temperature manufacturing processes.

[0019] As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments, a reinforcing element 10 is provided for attachment to a substrate, which may include a cured layer 14 (also referred herein as the reinforcing layer); a first adhesive layer 18 for bonding the reinforcing layer to the substrate 30; a high tensile modulus layer 22 (also referred herein as the constraining layer / element); and / or a second adhesive layer 28, the high tensile modulus layer being bonded to the reinforcing layer by the second adhesive layer. In some embodiments, the reinforcing layer is applied to the substrate 30. In some embodiments, the substrate may include a release liner layer. In some embodiments, the cured layer may include polypropylene. In some embodiments, the cured layer may include a structured honeycomb core. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer may include a thermoplastic adhesive. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive may be below 160°C formation This can be made possible. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive can be a thermoplastic pressure-sensitive adhesive. In some embodiments, the reinforcing element is at least 400 N / 4 cm 2 500N / 4cm 2 , and / or 600N / 4cm 2 For example, 610N / 4cm 2 , 630N / 4cm 2 , or 800N / 4cm 2It can have a shear strength of [value].

[0020] In this regard, as shown in Figure 2, the reinforcing element can provide resistance to a point or localized area of ​​stress applied when, for example, the body panel is locally deformed or dented, and the applied stress includes a vector perpendicular to the surface and is also subjected to shear stress along the direction of a vector parallel to the surface. The shear stress parallel to the surface may include a second stress vector parallel to the force vector applied to the surface and a stress vector orthogonal to the stress vector applied to the surface. These considerations may differ from acoustic damping or vibration damping considerations, for example, when damping restoring forces consider restoring forces against low-frequency vibrations and / or repetitive vibrational motion, the stress vector is usually only in a direction perpendicular to the surface plane. In some embodiments, the reinforcing element can bend with deflection distances of less than 2 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 7.5 mm, and / or less than 15 mm when a force of at least 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, or 160 N is applied. A suitable procedure for determining such deflection when the above force is applied at the midpoint between parallel support points approximately 100 mm apart is a three-point test apparatus. In some embodiments, the reinforcing elements and industrial products can provide at least non-catastrophic failure over any of the aforementioned deflections and under any of the aforementioned stresses. A suitable means for determining deformation resistance is to determine the positive gradient (the slope of the applied or absorbed stress (Newtons) with respect to the deformation (mm)) observed when a three-point force test similar to that described herein is applied. See Figures 3 to 8. Another method for determining deformation resistance is to ensure that no delamination sufficient to constitute fracture is visually observed, and that material fracture and / or shattering of the honeycomb structure is observed. In some embodiments, the reinforcing elements and attached industrial products, such as metal, plastic, and / or polymer sheets, can provide deflection of 5 mm or less even when a force of at least 80 N is applied. In some embodiments, the reinforcing elements can provide deflection of less than 15 mm when a force of at least 140 N is applied.

[0021] In obtaining deformation resistance, the following was also considered in determining the structure of the reinforcing elements described herein. In a three-point bending test (used in the bending test), the displacement "δ c " may depend on the shape of the sample, material properties, and test settings. This displacement δ c can be calculated for the material by the following formula: δ c =(FL 3 ) / 48EI

[0022] where F = force, L = span of the three-point bending test, E = Young's modulus (tensile modulus) of the material, and I = moment of inertia. For a sample with a rectangular cross-section, the moment of inertia depends on the dimensions of the sample as follows: I rectangle =(bh 3 ) / 12

[0023] where b = width of the sample and h = thickness of the sample. Therefore, by substituting "I" in the first formula and rearranging, the force required for a given displacement can be determined: F=(4δ c Eb(h 3 )) / L 3

[0024] Thus, for a test setup where a given amount of deflection and both "b" (sample width) and "L" (span) are constant, the force required to cause deflection may increase linearly as E (Young's modulus, a property of the composite) increases and may increase cubically as h (sample thickness) increases.

[0025] In some embodiments, the reinforcing element may include a hardened layer. The hardened layer may include a honeycomb core layer. In some embodiments, the honeycomb structure may include a plurality of individual cells that can alternately close on one side of the honeycomb core layer, with open and closed cells alternating on each side. In some embodiments, 50% of the cells may be open on one side, while the other 50% of the cells may be closed on that side. On the other side of each honeycomb core layer, cells that are open on one side may be closed on the other side. In one embodiment, the honeycomb core layer may be as described in Patent Cooperation Treaty Publication WO2008 / 141688 (European Patent Application Publication EP1995052).

[0026] In some embodiments, the honeycomb core layer may include polypropylene. In some embodiments, the honeycomb core layer may include a thermoplastic polymer. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic polymer material may include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, polyimide, polyester, PEEK, PS, and / or PPS. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, the polymers are thought to have been selected based on the following considerations: structural integrity, deformation resistance, low density, and resistance to mechanical and / or shear forces, e.g., at least 400 Newtons / 4cm 2 It must have a shear strength of [value missing].

[0027] Regarding honeycomb elements, while we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is thought that by using honeycomb spacers, the thickness of the sample can be increased, thereby increasing the amount of force required to produce a given amount of deflection in the material. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, this is also thought to be balanced with the Young's modulus of the composite, which depends on both the Young's modulus of each component in the composite and the volume of the components in the composite. Since honeycomb can have a much lower modulus of elasticity than glass cloth, and the thickness of the honeycomb can be much greater than that of glass cloth, the thickness of the honeycomb can be optimized. In some embodiments, the honeycomb elements can be 1.5 to 5.0 mm thick, for example, about 3.5 mm.

[0028] In some embodiments, the restraining element may include a high tensile modulus layer or a high tensile modulus element. In some embodiments, the restraining element may be spaced apart from the substrate. In some embodiments, the restraining element may be spaced at least 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, or 4 mm from the surface of the substrate. In some embodiments, a cured layer may be sandwiched between the restraining element and the substrate. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is thought that separating the high tensile modulus layer from the substrate increases the cross-sectional area and thus increases the flexural strength. In some embodiments, the high tensile modulus layer may include at least several fibers. In some embodiments, the high tensile modulus layer may include a resin. Examples of fibers include carbon fibers and glass fibers. These fibers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In some embodiments, for example, the high tensile modulus layer may include glass fibers, and a suitable example of such a high tensile modulus layer is the epoxy resin-coated glass fiber sheet of the Nittobo WLA209P 60 EP301 brand (Nittobo Industries Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). In some embodiments, the high tensile modulus layer can have a tensile strength exceeding 500 N / 25 mm, for example, 1500 ± 500.

[0029] In some embodiments, the reinforcing element may include a thermoplastic adhesive. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive may provide shear strength to other elements of the reinforcing element. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is thought that the thickness of the adhesive and the Young's modulus of the adhesive may also affect the force required to deflect the material. To increase the Young's modulus of the adhesive used in the composite while allowing the adhesive to adhere to a variety of substrates, a PET carrier may be used with all adhesives except TPE tape. The PET carrier may prevent the elongation of the adhesive and increase the Young's modulus. This may improve the performance of the structure (i.e., the amount of force required to produce a given amount of deflection may increase). In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive may include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polysulfone, acrylic, rubber, and / or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive may have a Young's modulus of at least 600 N / 4 cm 2 610N / 4cm 2 , and / or 800N / 4cm 2 It has a shear strength of [value].

[0030] In some embodiments, the reinforcing element may include a thermoplastic adhesive. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive may be curable at temperatures below 600°C. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive may be a double-sided acrylic adhesive or a polyester-based adhesive tape. In some embodiments, the adhesive tape may include an acrylate adhesive. In some embodiments, the adhesive tape may include a PET carrier. Suitable thermoplastic pressure-sensitive adhesives and / or tapes include Nitto brand adhesive tapes, e.g., Nitto P-905, Nitto 5605, Nitto 5015ELE, Nitto 5005P, Nitto 5005T, Nitto 5015T, Nitto 5015P, Nitto 5605, Nitto 5610, Nitto 5680E; TPE0.2mmDC / T (Nitto Denko Corporation, Osaka, Japan). In some embodiments, the adhesive layer / tape may control the shear deformation of the elements of the reinforcing element, e.g., the core element, the substrate, and the layer formed from the high tensile modulus layer. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive is 400 Newtons / 4cm 2 Shear strength exceeding, for example, 500 N / 4 cm 2 , 550N / 4cm 2 600N / 4cm 2 It can have a shear strength of [value missing]. In some embodiments, the acrylate adhesive can have a 180° peel strength of at least 10.0 Newtons (N) / mm against a metal substrate (stainless steel). Suitable exemplary adhesives are listed in Table 1 below. [Table 1]

[0031] In some embodiments, the reinforcing element may further include a release liner layer or a release sheet. In some embodiments, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be formed on the release sheet, and if the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is exposed, it may be protected with a release sheet (separator) before actual use. The release sheet can be peeled off before actual use. Examples of materials for forming the separator include plastic films such as polyethylene film, polypropylene film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, and polyester film; porous materials such as paper, cloth, and nonwoven fabrics; and suitable thin materials such as nets, foam sheets, metal foils, and laminates thereof. In one embodiment, the separator may include a plastic film, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0032] In some embodiments, a reinforcing element comprising at least first and second adhesive layers, a high tensile modulus layer, and a honeycombed core element layer can be applied to the substrate. In some embodiments, the substrate may be a sheet metal. In some embodiments, the sheet metal may be aluminum, steel, stainless steel, iron, magnesium, copper, zinc, tin, brass, bronze, titanium, tungsten, adamantium, nickel, cobalt, lead, silicon, and / or alloys thereof. In some embodiments, the substrate may be a plastic or polymer substrate used in automobiles or automobile body parts, including body panels, roof panels, bumpers, trim, and / or fenders, such as a plastic fascia (currently used in Nissan Pathfinder models) composed of a blend of polyolefins (e.g., polypropylene, polyethylene), polyester (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate), polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, sheet molding compound (SMC), polypropylene, ethylene propylene rubber, and 20% talc. In some embodiments, the substrate may be glass fiber or glass cloth. In some embodiments, the substrate can be a release liner. [Examples]

[0033] Embodiments of the reinforcement composites described herein have been found to be useful in improving the deformation resistance and / or impact resistance of automotive body components. These advantages are further demonstrated by the following embodiments, which are intended to illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure but not to limit the scope or underlying principles.

[0034] [Example A] Shear strength of adhesive tape

[0035] A 20mm x 20mm tape sample was used and attached between multiple offset acrylic plates. A peeling rate of 50mm / min was applied to the bonded acrylic plates under relative humidity conditions of 23% and 50%. The results are shown in Table 2 below. [Table 2]

[0036] [Comparative Example 1] As a comparative example, the conventional Legetolex D-300 vibration damping material (Nitto Denko, Osaka, Japan) (CE-1) (total thickness 4 mm, 127 micrometer Al foil restraint layer, density 7 kg / m³) 2 ) was used.

[0037] [Comparative Example 2] As a comparative example (CE-2), an additional damping laminate (Hexadamp, Nitto Belgium NV, Genk, Belgium) was fabricated using a 127-micrometer Al foil restraint layer with a honeycomb core layer approximately 5 mm thick (50% of the cells are closed on both sides), with a layer of structural damping material between the restraint layer and the honeycomb core layer (100% cell filling rate). The overall thickness of the CE-2 laminate was 5.1 mm, and the overall density was 3.85 kg / m³. 2 That was the case.

[0038] [Example 1](Ex-1)

[0039] Three samples were prepared as follows: After peeling off the first and second layers of release liners from Nitto brand acrylic adhesive, polyester-based double-sided adhesive tape (0.5 mm thick Nitto 5680E thermoplastic adhesive material) (Nitto Denko Corporation, Osaka, Japan, or Nitto, Inc, Teaneck, New Jersey, USA), the layer was applied to the opposite side of a 25 mm × 150 mm × 3.5 mm thick acrylic honeycomb polymer material sheet (cured layer, "HC" in Table 1) (Nitto Belgium NV, Genk, Belgium). A 25 mm × 150 mm × 2 mm thick glass cloth sheet (WLA209P 60 EP301 brand epoxy resin coated glass fiber sheet, (Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan)) was aligned and placed on top of the polymer adhesive coating layer at the same time as alignment. The laminated embodiments were laminated in a Fortune brand heat press, and the surface was pressed at 40°C for approximately 20 seconds of standing or pressing time. The overall thickness of the laminate according to this disclosure was 5.0 mm (without release liner).

[0040] Subsequently, the laminated sample prepared as described above was cut into several 25 mm wide pieces, and then the release liner was peeled off. Next, each piece of the reinforcing laminated sheet was brought into contact with a clean surface of a 0.8 mm thick steel plate using a 2.5 kg roller.

[0041] [Examples 2-17] Examples 2 through 17 were prepared in the same manner as Example 1, except that different adhesives were used, as shown in Table 3 below. [Table 3]

[0042] Where indicated for use, Nittobo GC is available from Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), and the above adhesives are available from Nitto Denko Corporation (Osaka, Japan), Nitto Europe NV (Genk, Belgium), and / or Nitto, Inc. (Teaneck, NJ, USA). <Reinforcement characteristics>

[0043] <Part 1>

[0044] The reinforcement properties were evaluated by measuring the bending strength related to displacement using the three-point bending test mode of an Instron testing machine (Instron, Norwood, MA, USA). The test specimen was constructed using a sandwich configuration, with a steel panel (dimensions 0.8 mm × 25 mm × 150 mm) on top, and a span of 100 mm between the bottom stationary positions. The test rod was lowered vertically from above at a speed of approximately 40 mm per second to the longitudinal center of the test specimen, pressing it against the laminated steel plate until the specimen was bent or displaced by the desired vertical displacement (e.g., 5 mm or 15 mm from the original position). The force required to bend the laminate was measured as bending strength (Newtons [N]) and evaluated as the reinforcement effect. Since force is equal to load, either term may be used to indicate force in Figures 3 to 8.

[0045] As a comparative example, the bending strength of a non-laminated steel panel was measured. The measurement results shown in Figure 3 demonstrate that laminating the material of the present invention onto a steel panel provides excellent reinforcement, allowing displacements of at least 5 mm and / or 15 mm while maintaining a positive gradient, and showing no fracture or stress failure at 80 N or 140 N, respectively. The measurement results shown in Figure 4 demonstrate that laminating the material of the present invention onto a steel panel using both a non-preheated TPE adhesive and a preheated TPE adhesive provides excellent reinforcement compared to laminating the material of the present invention onto a steel panel using D9605 adhesive, allowing displacements of at least 10 mm and / or 13 mm while maintaining a positive gradient, and showing no fracture or stress failure at 110 N or 120 N, respectively. In this case, preheating the TPE adhesive has a positive effect compared to not preheating.

[0046] Figure 5 demonstrates that the measurement results show that laminating the material of the present invention onto a steel panel provides superior comparative reinforcement compared to lamination with CE-2 (NittoDamp D-300 brand laminate) and / or without additional laminating elements. First, a blank was measured using a steel panel coated with ED paint. The material of the present invention (labeled "Hexaforce 3.4mm" in Figure 5) showed excellent reinforcement, allowing a displacement / deformation of 14mm while maintaining a positive gradient, and exhibiting non-fracture or stress failure at approximately 150N. On the other hand, CE-2 (labeled "Hexadamp 5.1mm" in Figure 5) showed only minimal reinforcement with little improvement compared to the blank steel panel, and is not ideal as a reinforcing material.

[0047] Figure 6 shows that the results of the three-point bending test demonstrate that laminating the material of the present invention onto plastic fascia (in this case, containing polypropylene, ethylene propylene rubber, and 20% talc; Nissan fascia currently used in Nissan Pathfinder models) using TPE adhesive, adhesive 5680E, and adhesive 5005P provides superior reinforcement compared to plain, unlaminated plastic fascia, allowing displacements of at least 8 mm, 11 mm, and / or 16 mm while maintaining a positive gradient, exhibiting non-fracture or stress failure at 235 N, 250 N, and 260 N, respectively. In this test, the adhesive was bonded using a 2.2 kg roller in one back-and-forth stroke and left at room temperature for 48 hours. The span length was 100 mm and the compression speed was 5 mm / min. The thickness of the cured layer in each sample was 3.5 mm.

[0048] Figure 7 shows that the results of a three-point bending test demonstrate that laminating the material of the present invention onto an aluminum panel using four different materials (adhesive 5005P with a 3.5 mm thick cured layer, adhesive 5005P with a 5 mm thick cured layer, adhesive 5605 with a 3.5 mm thick cured layer, and adhesive 5605 with a 5.0 mm thick cured layer (all available from Nitto Denko Corporation, Tokyo, Japan)) provides superior reinforcement compared to simply e-coating an aluminum panel, allowing displacements of at least 13 mm, 11 mm, approximately 12 mm, and / or approximately 10 mm while maintaining a positive gradient, showing no fracture or stress failure at 135 N, 140 N, 130 N, and 155 N, respectively. In this test, a baseline blank was first prepared by e-coating a 1.2 mm thick aluminum panel. Furthermore, for comparison, a conventional bake-cured product AS2000C (Nitto Denko Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), which does not use a honeycomb layer, was baked onto an aluminum panel at approximately 140°C for approximately 20 minutes and tested at three points. It showed a reinforcing effect that allowed a displacement of 14 mm while maintaining a positive gradient, and showed no fracture or stress failure at approximately 120 N. The other adhesive samples were bonded using a 2.2 kg roller in one back-and-forth stroke and left at room temperature for 48 hours.

[0049] Figure 8 shows that the results of a three-point bending test demonstrate that laminating the material of the present invention onto an SMC (sheet-molded compound) plastic panel using adhesives 5005P with a 3.5 mm thick cured layer, 5005P with a 5.0 mm thick cured layer, 5605 with a 3.5 mm thick cured layer, and 5605 with a 5.0 mm thick cured layer (all available from Nitto Denko Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) provides improved reinforcement compared to baseline SMC measurements, allowing displacements of at least 10 mm, 8.5 mm, 11 mm, and / or 8 mm while maintaining a positive gradient, showing no fracture or stress failure at 210 N, 205 N, 250 N, and 210 N, respectively. In this test, the thickness of the baseline blank SMC was 2.7 mm. The adhesive was bonded in one back-and-forth stroke using a 2.2 kg roller and left at room temperature for 48 hours. The span length was 100 mm and the compression speed was 5 mm / min.

[0050] <Part 2>

[0051] The damping characteristics were evaluated according to ISO 6721-2 (Oberst test), and test specimens CE-1, CE-2, and Ex-1 were applied to a steel rod with a width of 10 mm, a thickness of 1 mm, and a free length of 200 mm, and the secondary mode loss coefficient of the steel rod was measured. Conventional materials showed good characteristics up to standard temperatures (up to approximately 30°C). However, the laminate according to the present invention showed clearly superior characteristics in the temperature range of 40 to 80°C. Considering that the laminate according to the present invention is given a similar thickness but with a considerably reduced density, it is clear that the Ex-1 embodiment provides damping that is clearly different from the comparative material (see Figure 9). Although several exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will recall numerous variations and alternative embodiments. Such variations and alternative embodiments are intended and can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

[0052] For the purpose of summarizing the advantages achieved with respect to aspects of the present invention and related technologies, this disclosure describes specific purposes and advantages of the present invention. Of course, it should be understood that not all such purposes or advantages can necessarily be achieved according to specific embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, for example, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be embodied or practiced in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein, without necessarily achieving other purposes or advantages taught or suggested herein.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will understand that numerous modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, it should be clearly understood that the embodiments of the invention are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A reinforcing element for attachment to a base material, the element is Hardened layer, A first thermoplastic adhesive layer for bonding a cured layer to a substrate, wherein the adhesive has a forming temperature of less than 160°C, A high tensile modulus layer having a tensile strength exceeding 500 N / 25 mm, A second thermoplastic or thermosetting adhesive layer, wherein the high tensile modulus layer adheres to the cured layer by the second adhesive layer, Includes, The first and second adhesive layers have a minimum density of 500 N / 4 cm. ２ Having a shear strength of, Reinforcement element.

2. The reinforcing element according to claim 1, further comprising a release liner layer.

3. The reinforcing element according to claim 1, wherein the hardened layer includes a honeycomb core element.

4. The reinforcing element according to claim 1, wherein the first thermoplastic adhesive layer or the second thermoplastic adhesive layer comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

5. The reinforcing element according to claim 4, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises acrylate.

6. The reinforcing element according to claim 4, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises polyacrylate.

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