Resin block structures, buildings, rainwater storage tanks, rainwater storage and infiltration tanks, sites, and retaining walls

Abstract

This invention provides a resin block structure that can be suitably used in applications requiring particularly high strength, such as ground improvement in mid-to-high-rise buildings, large-scale rainwater storage tanks, and rainwater storage and infiltration tanks. [Solution] A resin block structure 10 for construction or civil engineering is made up of multiple resin blocks 1, 2, 3 assembled by combining multiple resin blocks 1 having flat plate-shaped parts 11 so that a space is formed between the opposing flat plate-shaped parts 11. A continuous fiber sheet 5 or polypropylene tape is attached to adjacent resin blocks 1, 2, 3 with an epoxy adhesive to fix them together. The resin block structure 10 is provided as a ground replacement layer below a foundation 61, as a component of a rainwater storage tank 7, or as a component of a site 8 or retaining wall 9.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention of the present application relates to a resin block structure used in construction and civil engineering.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, block materials having a stable shape made of resin (hereinafter, collectively referred to as resin blocks in this specification) have been increasingly used in the fields of construction and civil engineering. For example, in ground improvement when constructing a building on soft ground, a ground replacement method using resin blocks has been widely adopted. A resin block having sufficient strength while being lightweight is spread horizontally and vertically to form a resin block layer, and a measure to prevent differential settlement is often adopted. Hereinafter, in this specification, a structure formed by arranging resin blocks is referred to as a resin block structure. In the resin block structure, the direction in which the resin blocks are arranged may be only the horizontal direction or only the vertical direction. The arrangement may be only in a single row or in a plurality of rows. In many cases, the resin block has a flat plate-like portion (flat plate-like part). The resin block structure is a structure assembled by joining a plurality of arranged resin blocks so that a space is formed between the facing flat plate-like parts. An example thereof is shown in Patent Document 1.

[0003] Such resin block structures are laid for various purposes other than ground improvement. For example, in rainwater storage tanks and rainwater storage infiltration tanks that are actively provided from the viewpoint of preventing heavy rain flooding damage, a structure for securing a rainwater storage space by a resin block structure is adopted. As shown in Patent Document 1, many openings for water passage are formed in the resin block, and rainwater can penetrate into the internal space (the space between the facing flat plate-like parts). In the case of a rainwater storage tank, the entire bottom surface and side surfaces are used as water-retaining surfaces to store water during precipitation and then gradually release the water. In the case of a rainwater storage infiltration tank, the entire bottom surface and side surfaces are used as infiltration surfaces to gradually infiltrate rainwater into the ground while storing the rainwater.

[0004] In addition to these, many proposals have been made to use resin block structures for various purposes. For example, Patent Document 2 proposes using resin block structures when constructing elevated sites and adopting resin block structures in retaining wall structures. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4210312 Publication [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6240625 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 7454897 [Patent Document 4] Patent No. 5938454 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] In resin block structures that can be used for various purposes as described above, there are increasingly being cases where higher strength is required. For example, in the field of ground improvement, ground replacement using resin block structures has mainly been adopted for single-family homes and low-rise apartment buildings, but it is now being used in mid-rise buildings as well, and its adoption is increasingly being considered for high-rise buildings. The reason for this is that preventing settlement with piles such as driven piles and columnar improvement piles is costly and has a negative impact on the environment, as well as the fact that piles fixed to the foundation can become pathways for transmitting vibrations during a major earthquake (see Patent Document 3). However, when considering the use of resin block structures as a ground reinforcement measure for the construction of such mid-to-high-rise buildings, some clients or structural architects may raise concerns about the strength of conventional resin block structures.

[0007] Furthermore, even with large-scale rainwater storage tanks and deep rainwater storage tanks, there are occasional situations where, in consideration of clients and designers who are concerned about insufficient structural strength, it becomes necessary to propose reinforcing the resin block structure with structural materials such as steel or steel plates. While such reinforcement may not always be necessary, it is often unavoidable due to the client's or architect's desire to ensure sufficient strength in case of an emergency.

[0008] However, reinforcing resin block structures with steel presents not only cost issues but also the problem of steel corrosion. Steel corrosion is particularly problematic in rainwater storage tanks and rainwater infiltration tanks, but it is also likely to be a problem in ground improvement projects because the materials are exposed to groundwater. Furthermore, steel reinforcement reduces the lightweight nature of resin block structures, which is a major advantage, and tends to diminish the effectiveness of ground replacement. In addition, construction tends to become more complex. The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems concerning resin block structures, and aims to provide a resin block structure that can be suitably used in applications requiring particularly high strength, such as ground improvement in mid-to-high-rise buildings, large-scale rainwater storage tanks, and rainwater storage and infiltration tanks. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To solve the above problems, this specification discloses inventions for resin block structures, buildings, rainwater storage tanks, rainwater storage and infiltration tanks, sites, and retaining walls. The disclosed resin block structure is assembled by combining a plurality of resin blocks having flat plate-shaped portions so that a space is formed between the opposing flat plate-shaped portions, and is a resin block structure for construction or civil engineering purposes. In this resin block structure, a continuous fiber sheet or polypropylene tape is attached across adjacent resin blocks to secure them to each other. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the resin block structure may have a configuration in which the continuous fiber sheet is a carbon fiber sheet and is bonded with a urethane resin-based adhesive or an epoxy resin-based adhesive. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the resin block structure may have a configuration in which each resin block has a leg portion erected from a flat plate portion, and the space between opposing flat plate portions is the space around the leg portion. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the resin block structure may have a configuration in which the legs of each resin block have fitting projections and fitting holes at their tips, and each resin block abuts the tips of its legs together and fits each fitting projection into each fitting hole.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the building according to the disclosed invention is a building consisting of a foundation and a building constructed on the foundation, and a ground replacement layer is provided in the ground below the foundation, and the ground replacement layer is a resin block structure according to the disclosed invention. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the rainwater storage tank according to the disclosed invention is equipped with a resin block structure according to the disclosed invention in the ground, and is structured in which rainwater infiltrates and is stored in the space of the resin block structure. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the rainwater storage and infiltration tank according to the disclosed invention is provided with a resin block structure according to the disclosed invention in the ground, and the flat plate portion of each resin block has an opening for water passage, and within the space of the resin block structure The structure is designed so that rainwater seeps in, is stored, and then permeates into the ground. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the site relating to the disclosed invention is a site used by people, in which the resin block structure relating to the disclosed invention is embedded, and a surface layer is provided on the upper side of the resin block structure. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the site may be a raised site, with a surface layer located at a higher position than the ground surface of the original site. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the site may be located on a sloping area, and the resin block structure may have a sloping section that forms a step-like structure in which each resin block is arranged along the slope of the sloping area, and an uppermost section in which each resin block is arranged so that the upper surfaces are flat and continuous, with the surface layer being provided on top of the uppermost section. Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the retaining wall according to the disclosed invention is a retaining wall for preserving a cliff formed in a place with a difference in elevation, and has a structure in which the resin block structure according to the disclosed invention is provided along the cliff, and the side of the resin block structure on the opposite side of the cliff is covered with a side layer. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] As explained below, according to the disclosed invention, the resin block structure has a continuous fiber sheet or polypropylene tape attached to the resin block, which increases the strength of the resin block itself. In addition, because the continuous fiber sheet or polypropylene tape is attached so as to span across adjacent resin blocks, the bonding strength between the resin blocks is also increased. For this reason, it can be suitably used in applications where higher strength is required. Furthermore, since the strength of the resin block structure is increased overall in the building according to the disclosed invention, it is also suitable for soft ground countermeasures when constructing mid-rise or high-rise buildings or apartment complexes of four stories or more. Furthermore, the rainwater storage tank or rainwater storage and infiltration tank according to the disclosed invention has the advantage of being far less expensive and requiring less construction time compared to the case where concrete columns are used to secure space for rainwater storage. In addition, because the strength of the resin block structure is increased, it can be used with confidence even for larger rainwater storage tanks, and the use of steel columns and other materials can be eliminated or reduced. Furthermore, the site according to the disclosed invention is particularly suitable for large-scale site construction because it uses a resin block structure with enhanced strength. Moreover, according to the retaining wall according to the disclosed invention, since the resin block structure with enhanced strength is disposed behind the side layer, there is no need to construct a large-scale foundation. Therefore, it becomes a retaining wall that can be constructed at low cost and in a short construction period.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] It is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the resin block constituting the resin block structure of the embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the resin block constituting the resin block structure of the embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a schematic view showing an example of the configuration of the resin block structure using the resin blocks shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. [Figure 4] It is a schematic view showing an example of the configuration of the resin block structure using the resin blocks shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. [Figure 5] It is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the leg blocks 1 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction. FIG. 4(1) is a front cross-sectional schematic view, and FIG. 4(2) is a plan schematic view. [Figure 6] It is a schematic perspective view showing the connection between the leg blocks using the flat plate blocks [Figure 7] It is a schematic perspective view showing the connection between the leg blocks using the flat plate blocks [Figure 8] It is a front cross-sectional schematic view showing the structure in which a set of leg blocks is stacked in the vertical direction. [Figure 9] It is a schematic view showing the reinforcement of the resin block structure. [ [Figure 10] [ It is a front cross-sectional schematic view of the configuration in which the resin block structure of the embodiment is applied to a ground replacement layer as a countermeasure for soft ground. [ [Figure 11] [ It is a front cross-sectional schematic view of the configuration in which the resin block structure of the embodiment is applied to a rainwater storage tank. [ [Figure 12] [ It is a front cross-sectional schematic view of the configuration in which the resin block structure of the embodiment is applied to site development. [ [Figure 13] This is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a configuration in which the resin block structure of the embodiment is applied to a retaining wall. [Figure 14] This is a schematic perspective view illustrating a configuration in which legged blocks are stacked with their legs facing the same direction. [Figure 15] This is a schematic front view showing a configuration in which legged blocks are stacked with their legs facing the same direction. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described. Figures 1 and 2 are schematic perspective views showing an example of a resin block constituting the resin block structure of the embodiment. The resin block structure of this embodiment is composed of a combination of three types of resin blocks 1, 2, and 3. One of these consists of a flat plate portion 11 and a leg portion 12, as shown in Figure 1. Hereinafter, this resin block 1 will be referred to as the legged block. Figure 1(1) is a schematic perspective view with the leg portion facing upwards, and Figure 1(2) is a schematic perspective view with the leg portion facing downwards.

[0014] The remaining two resin blocks 2 and 3 are flat plates, and their sizes differ slightly from each other. Both are generally rectangular flat plates, with the length of one side being the same, but the length of the other side being slightly different. The flat plate resin block 2 with the longer side will be referred to as the wide flat plate block, and the flat plate resin block 3 with the shorter side will be referred to as the short flat plate block. Figure 2(a1) is a schematic perspective view of the wide flat plate block 2 from the front, and Figure 2(a2) is a schematic perspective view of the wide flat plate block 2 from the back. Figure 2(b1) shows a schematic perspective view of the short flat plate block 3 from the front, and Figure 2(b2) shows a schematic perspective view of the short flat plate block 3 from the back. These flat plate blocks 2 and 3 can also be described as resin blocks consisting only of flat plate portions.

[0015] First, the legged block 1 will be described with reference to Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, the legged block 1 in this example has four legs 12. The four legs 12 are positioned symmetrically with respect to the center of the flat plate portion 11, and in this example, they are on the diagonals of the rectangular shape of the flat plate portion 11. In addition, the legs 12 may be positioned at the center of each side of the rectangular shape. The flat plate portion 11 is square in plan view. As shown in Figure 1, each leg 12 has a shape that tapers towards the tip. The cross-sectional shape of each leg 12 is not a perfect square or circle, but has a curved section symmetrically around the center. It may be a perfect square or circle, but having a curved section increases strength. In addition, legged blocks with only one leg in the center are sometimes used.

[0016] As shown in Figure 1(1), each leg portion 12 has a pair of fitting projections 121 and a pair of fitting holes 122 at its tip. As will be described later, these fitting projections 121 and fitting holes 122 are used when combining a pair of leg blocks 1 with the tips of each leg portion 12 butted together. The fitting projections 121 provided on the two leg portions 12 on one diagonal of the rectangular flat plate portion 11 are located on that diagonal. The fitting projections 121 provided on the two leg portions 12 on the other diagonal are located perpendicular to that diagonal and symmetrically with respect to that diagonal. Each fitting projection 121 is located at a position equal to the distance from the center of the tip surface of the leg portion 12 on which it is provided.

[0017] Each fitting hole 122 is formed in a manner that is exactly the opposite of the relationship with each fitting projection 121. That is, each fitting hole 122 provided on two legs 12 on one diagonal is provided symmetrically with respect to that diagonal in a direction perpendicular to that diagonal. Each fitting hole 122 provided on two legs 12 on the other diagonal is provided on that diagonal. Each fitting hole 122 is provided at a position equal to the distance from the center of the tip surface of the leg 12 on which it is provided, and this distance is equal to the distance from the center to each fitting projection 121.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1(1), each leg portion 12 extends perpendicularly to the plate surface of the flat plate portion 11. The flat plate portion 11 is a square plate as a whole and has numerous openings for weight reduction and water passage. Also, as shown in Figure 1(2), the flat plate portion 11 has leg openings 120 that are the back sides of each leg portion 12 when viewed from the opposite side of the leg portion 12.

[0019] On the other hand, as shown in Figures 2(a1) and 2(a2), the wide flat block 2 has numerous small protrusions 21 formed along its longer side. The contour of each protrusion 21 is U-shaped, and will be referred to as U-shaped protrusion below. The length of the longer side portion where numerous U-shaped protrusions 21 are formed is the same as the length of one side of the flat portion 11 of the legged block 1. As shown in Figures 2(a1) and 2(a2), the shorter side of the wide flat block 2 does not have any protrusions and has a flat end surface.

[0020] As shown in Figures 2(b1) and 2(b2), the short flat block 3 also has multiple U-shaped protrusions 31 formed on opposite pairs of sides, while the other opposite pair of sides has a flat end face. The length of the flat end face of the short flat section 11 is the same as the length of the flat end face of the wide flat section 11. For the sake of explanation, in each flat block 2 and 3, the end faces on which the U-shaped protrusions 21 and 31 are provided will be referred to as non-flat end faces, and the flat end faces on which the U-shaped protrusions 21 and 31 are not provided will be referred to as flat end faces.

[0021] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(b2), each flat block 2, 3 has fitting protrusions 22, 32 and fitting holes 23, 33 to achieve a fit when the flat blocks 2, 3 are stacked together. As shown in Figures 2(a2) and (b2), the fitting protrusions 22, 32 are formed on the back side of each flat block 2, 3. Four fitting protrusions 22, 32 are provided on one flat block 2, 3 in a centrally symmetrical arrangement (i.e., at 90-degree intervals). Four fitting holes 23, 33 are also provided in a centrally symmetrical arrangement, with the arrangement of the fitting protrusions 22, 32 being the reverse of the left-right symmetrical arrangement. Therefore, when two flat blocks 2, 3 are stacked with their back sides facing each other, each fitting protrusion 22, 32 on one block fits into each fitting hole 23, 33 on the other block, achieving a fitted structure.

[0022] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2(a1) and (a2), four fitting holes 24 and 34 are also formed on the front side of each flat plate-shaped block 2 and 3. The positions of the fitting holes 24 and 34 on the front side are the same as the positions of the fitting protrusions 22 and 32 when viewed from the front side to the back side. Therefore, when one flat plate-shaped block 2 or 3 is placed on top of the other flat plate-shaped block 2 or 3 with its back side facing the front side, the fitting protrusions 22 and 32 will fit into the fitting holes 24 and 34 on the front side, achieving a fitted structure. In any case, the fitted structure of each flat plate-shaped block 2 or 3 suppresses lateral displacement when stacked vertically, resulting in greater stability. Regarding stacking, it is possible to stack only the wide flat plate-shaped blocks 2, only the short flat plate-shaped blocks 3, or a mixture of both. Furthermore, the stacking structure of the flat blocks 2 and 3 is also disclosed in Figures 5 to 9 of Patent Document 3, which can be referenced.

[0023] Next, we will describe the configuration of a resin block structure using such resin blocks. Figures 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams showing an example of the configuration of a resin block structure using the resin blocks shown in Figures 1 and 2. When constructing a resin block structure using resin blocks 1-3 shown in Figures 1 and 2, there are several different patterns. Figures 3 and 4 show one of these patterns. This pattern maximizes the internal space.

[0024] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, two legged blocks 1 are joined together by butting the tips of their legs 12 together. At this time, one legged block 1 is rotated 90 degrees around the center of the flat plate portion 11 relative to the other legged block 1. Then, the fitting projection 121 of the leg portion 12 of one legged block 1 is fitted into the fitting hole 122 of the leg portion 12 of the other legged block 1. Although each legged block 1 has the same dimensions and shape, when the legs 12 are brought together facing each other, the positions of the fitting projections 121 and the fitting holes 122 become the same, so they fit together.

[0025] In this manner, when the legs 12 are butted against each other and a pair of legged blocks 1 are stacked vertically, flat blocks 2 and 3 are used as needed. When assembling each flat block 2 and 3 into the legged block 1, the U-shaped protrusions 21 and 31 are used. As shown in Figure 1(1), the back surface of the flat portion 11 of the legged block 1 (the side on which the legs 12 extend) has a grid of ribs 13. The area where the grid of ribs 13 is provided includes the outer periphery of the flat portion 11, and the U-shaped protrusions 21 and 31 of the flat blocks 2 and 3 fit into the small rectangular recesses (hereinafter referred to as rectangular recesses) 14 formed by the ribs 13 at this position.

[0026] There are several patterns for using the flat plate blocks 2 and 3, and one example is shown in Figure 3. In this example, as shown in Figure 3, the wide flat plate block 2 is positioned with its flat end face facing vertically. In this position, the U-shaped protrusions 21 on the upper and lower non-flat end faces protrude upwards and downwards. In this position, as shown in Figure 3, the legs 12 are interposed between a pair of opposing legged blocks 1. More specifically, the lower U-shaped protrusions 21 are inserted into the rectangular recesses 14 on the outer periphery of the back surface of the lower legged block 1, and the upper U-shaped protrusions 21 are inserted into the rectangular recesses 14 on the outer periphery of the back surface of the flat plate portion 11 of the upper legged block 1.

[0027] Furthermore, the short flat block 3 is positioned so that its surface is perpendicular to the wide flat block 2 and oriented vertically. The flat end face of the short flat block 3 is also positioned so that it is oriented vertically, and the U-shaped projections 31 on the upper and lower non-flat end faces protrude upward and downward. In this state, it is interposed between the opposing legged blocks 1 so that the U-shaped projections 31 are inserted into the rectangular recesses 14 on the outer periphery of the back surface. As shown in Figure 3, the short flat block 3 is positioned on the side (outer periphery of the back surface) that intersects perpendicularly with the side (outer periphery of the back surface) where the wide flat block 2 is interposed. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, the two flat blocks 2 and 3 close off the side portion of the inner space formed by the pair of legged blocks 1.

[0028] In the state shown in Figure 4, if wide flat blocks 2 and short flat blocks 3 are also provided on the other opposite side portion, a single resin block structure 10 is formed by a pair of legged blocks 1, a pair of wide flat blocks 2, and a pair of short flat blocks 3. This resin block structure 10 is also one embodiment of the resin block structure of the present invention, but in reality, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 4, even more legged blocks 1 are arranged to form a resin block structure.

[0029] In configurations where the legged blocks 1 are arranged in a row, a configuration in which the legged blocks 1 are arranged horizontally is often adopted so that the resin block structure 10 occupies the required area in the horizontal direction. That is, as shown by the dashed lines in Figure 3, the legged blocks 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally along the direction of the two sides of the flat plate-shaped part 11 to form a resin block structure 10 of a size that occupies the required area in the horizontal direction.

[0030] As described above, when arranging the legged blocks 1 horizontally, members are used to connect adjacent legged blocks 1 to each other as needed. This point will be explained with reference to Figure 5. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure of adjacent legged blocks in the horizontal direction, with Figure 5(1) being a schematic front cross-section and Figure 5(2) being a schematic plan view. As shown in Figure 1(2), the flat plate portion 11 of the legged block 1 has slightly recessed corners on its surface, forming recesses 15. The edges of each recess are L-shaped, and circular insertion holes (hereinafter referred to as corner holes) 16 are formed on the bottom surface of each recess 15.

[0031] A connector 4 is used to connect the vertical and horizontal legged blocks 1. The connector 4 is a small, rectangular, plate-shaped member and has connecting protrusions 41. In the example in Figure 5, there are four connecting protrusions 41 to connect four legged blocks 1, but sometimes a connector with only two connecting protrusions 41 is used to connect two legged blocks 1. In any case, each connecting protrusion is inserted into the corner hole 16 of each legged block 1, connecting the legged blocks 1 to each other.

[0032] Flat plate-shaped blocks 2 and 3 are sometimes used to connect adjacent legged blocks 1 in the horizontal direction. This point will be explained with reference to Figures 6 and 7. Figures 6 and 7 are schematic perspective views showing the connection of legged blocks using flat plate-shaped blocks. In the examples shown in Figures 3 and 4, for example, the wide flat block 2 is interposed with the edges (outer periphery of the back surface) of the flat portion 11 of the legged block 1, with both ends aligned in the longitudinal direction. When using the wide flat block 2 for connection, it is not done in this way, but rather interposed with a 500° offset in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Figure 6. That is, as shown in Figure 7, each U-shaped projection 21 of the left half of the wide flat block 2 is fitted into each rectangular recess 14 on the outer periphery of the back surface of the left legged block 1, and each U-shaped projection 21 of the right half is fitted into each rectangular recess 14 on the outer periphery of the back surface of the right legged block 1.

[0033] As shown in Figure 7, when this structure is used both above and below and a wide flat block 2 is interposed, the wide flat block 2 connects the left and right legged blocks 1 vertically. The short flat block 3 can also be used to connect the left and right legged blocks 1 in a similar manner. This method of use is possible because, as shown in Figure 2, the U-shaped protrusions 21 and 31 are provided symmetrically with respect to the center of the longitudinal direction of the non-flat end faces of the flat blocks 2 and 3. When the flat blocks 2 and 3 are used to connect the left and right legged blocks 1, the connector 4 shown in Figure 4 may or may not be used.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the resin block structure 10 occupies the necessary area in the vertical direction, a structure in which a pair of legged blocks 1 are stacked vertically may be adopted. This point will be explained with reference to Figure 8. Figure 8 is a schematic front cross-sectional view showing a structure in which a pair of legged blocks are stacked vertically. As shown in Figure 8, a two- or three-layer resin block structure 10 can be constructed by stacking legged blocks 1 vertically and horizontally, and then stacking these layers vertically and horizontally. In this case, a special connector 4 may be used to connect the legged blocks 1 on the top, bottom, left, and right. Specifically, a connector 4 with four connecting protrusions 41 on the top and bottom (a total of eight) may be used to connect the eight legged blocks 1 on the top, bottom, left, and right. For the topmost and bottommost legged blocks 1, only the connection of the left and right legged blocks 1 is necessary, so a connector with only four connecting protrusions 41 on one side, as shown in Figure 5, is used.

[0035] Furthermore, as disclosed in Patent Document 3, a resin block structure can also be constructed by arranging only flat plate-shaped blocks vertically and horizontally. In this case, as described above, each fitting projection of each flat plate-shaped block fits into each fitting hole of the mating flat plate-shaped block. At this time, each corner on the front side of each adjacent flat plate-shaped block is provided with a recess 15 and a corner hole 16 similar to those shown in Figure 1, and the flat plate-shaped blocks are connected to each other using a connector as shown in Figure 5. In this case, all end faces of each flat plate-shaped block are assumed to be flat.

[0036] In the resin block structure 10, which is constructed by combining resin blocks in various forms as described above, measures are taken to further increase its strength. This point will be explained below. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the reinforcement of the resin block structure 10. Figure 9(1) is a schematic plan view, and Figure 9(2) is a schematic front view. The resin block structure 10 described above possesses sufficient strength on its own, and in many cases, no special reinforcement is necessary. Nevertheless, as a building material, reinforcement may be required to meet the strength requirements of the client or architect. As reinforcement, it is conceivable to increase rigidity by adding steel columns or beams, but in addition to cost issues, the overall weight increases, which reduces the effectiveness of ground replacement when used as a ground replacement layer. Furthermore, as taught in Patent Document 4, this type of resin block structure 10 has the advantage of exhibiting seismic isolation due to its moderate flexibility. If the rigidity is made too high, vibrations during an earthquake will be transmitted directly to the building through the foundation, causing the building to shake more violently and making it more likely for furniture to topple over inside the building.

[0037] Considering these points, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment employs a structure that reinforces by attaching a continuous fiber sheet 5. A continuous fiber sheet 5 is a sheet made of continuous fibers. Fibers include continuous fibers and discontinuous fibers. For example, fibers with a fiber length of 5 mm or less are called short fibers, so fibers with a fiber length exceeding 5 mm can be considered continuous fibers, and a continuous fiber sheet 5 is made by using such fibers in a sheet form. As the continuous fiber sheet 5, carbon fiber sheets, aramid fiber sheets, glass fiber sheets, polyester fiber sheets, etc., can be used. For the continuous fiber sheet 5, those used for reinforcing columns and beams in various buildings (continuous fiber sheet reinforcement method) can be suitably used.

[0038] The continuous fiber sheet 5 is in the shape of a strip with a width of approximately 15 mm to 150 mm and is attached to the resin block structure 10 with an adhesive. The thickness of the continuous fiber sheet 5 is, for example, approximately 0.5 mm to 3 mm. As the adhesive, polyurethane-based adhesives or epoxy-based adhesives can be used. In this embodiment, since the resin blocks 1 to 3 are composite resins of polyethylene and polypropylene, an adhesive with high adhesion to the continuous fiber sheet 5 should be appropriately selected and used, taking this into consideration. For example, a product that combines a polyester fiber sheet and a urethane-based adhesive is sold as the SRF series by Structural Quality Assurance Laboratory Co., Ltd., so it can be appropriately selected and used (for example, SRF250 with a width of 50 mm). Such continuous fiber sheets 5 are often provided in a rolled state and are cut to the appropriate length with scissors or the like before use.

[0039] Such continuous fiber sheets 5 can increase strength simply by being attached to the surface of a resin block, but in this embodiment, a configuration is adopted in which the continuous fiber sheets 5 are attached so as to span across adjacent resin blocks. For example, as shown in Figure 9(1), the continuous fiber sheets 5 are attached in an X shape at the points where the corners of the flat plate portions 11 of the four resin blocks come into contact. Also, as shown in Figures 9(1) and 9(2), the continuous fiber sheets 5 may be attached so as to span across the joint between the wide flat plate block 2 and the flat plate portion 11 of the legged block 1. In this case, as shown in Figures 9(1) and 9(2), it is more preferable to also span across adjacent flat plate portions 11 at the same time. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 9(2), for a legged block 1 formed by butting the tips of the legs 12 together, a continuous fiber sheet 5 can be attached with adhesive so as to straddle the tips of the legs 12. In the example in Figure 9(2), it is wrapped spirally like a bandage, but it can also be wrapped in a circular motion at the same position. In addition to the above, although not shown in the illustration, the continuous fiber sheet 5 may also be wrapped around and attached to the entire resin block structure 10.

[0040] In this embodiment of the resin block structure 10, the continuous fiber sheet 5 is attached, increasing the strength of the individual resin block. Furthermore, since the continuous fiber sheet 5 is attached across adjacent resin blocks 1 to 3, the bonding strength between the resin blocks 1 to 3 is also increased. For this reason, it can be suitably used in applications requiring higher strength. In addition, the continuous fiber sheet 5 has appropriate flexibility and toughness, so it does not impair the effects of the resin block structure 10, such as seismic isolation, and even enhances them. If the resin block structure 10 is reinforced with steel columns or plates, the rigidity of the resin block structure 10 increases, but it becomes easier to transmit vibrations from the ground during an earthquake. The resin block structure 10 has appropriate flexibility, so it has an effect similar to seismic isolation rubber and seismic isolation due to the difference in natural frequencies with the ground, but the continuous fiber sheet 5 further enhances this effect. In addition to the continuous fiber sheet 5, a configuration in which polypropylene tape is attached can also be used to achieve this effect. As for the polypropylene tape, commercially available tapes for packaging can be used, or tapes with adhesive already applied, such as OPP tape, can also be used.

[0041] The applications (examples of applications) of the resin block structure 10 of this embodiment, in which strength has been effectively enhanced, will be explained with reference to Figures 10 to 13. Figure 10 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a configuration in which the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment is applied as a ground replacement layer for soft ground countermeasures. As shown in Figure 10, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment can be applied as a ground replacement layer for soft ground countermeasures. That is, when constructing a building 6 on soft ground, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment is laid below the foundation 61, replacing the soil of the ground. After excavating to a depth deeper than the construction location of the foundation 61, compacting, and performing crushed stone work, the resin block structure 10 is laid. The resin block structure 10 is covered with a permeable sheet, and the foundation 61 is constructed on top of it. Then, the building 62 is constructed on top of the foundation 61. Often, a buffer board material 63 such as Replaboard is laid between the resin block structure 10 and the foundation 61.

[0042] The size and height of the horizontal area occupied by the resin block structure 10 are determined according to the amount to be replaced, i.e., the bearing capacity of the ground. Details of the ground replacement layer are described in detail in Patent Document 1, so further explanation is omitted here. In addition, since the resin block structure 10 has a structure that allows rainwater to penetrate inside, it also functions as a rainwater storage and infiltration tank during heavy rain. Furthermore, it exhibits a seismic isolation effect during earthquakes.

[0043] The application of the continuous fiber sheet 5 to the resin block structure 10 may be done in advance or at the installation site. That is, the resin block structure 10 may be assembled and the continuous fiber sheet 5 applied at a separate location, and then brought to the construction site for installation. Alternatively, the resin block structure 10 may be assembled at the construction site by arranging the resin blocks 1 to 3 one by one in a vertical and horizontal direction, and the continuous fiber sheet 5 may be applied at that time.

[0044] In the configuration where the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment is used as a ground replacement layer, the overall strength of the resin block structure 10 is increased, making it suitable for soft ground countermeasures when constructing mid-rise or high-rise buildings or apartment complexes of four stories or more. Conventionally, when constructing mid-rise or high-rise buildings on soft ground, support piles that reach hard ground such as diluvial deposits were often used. However, ground countermeasures using support piles are very costly and place a heavy burden on the client. Furthermore, as taught in Patent Document 3, if the pile head is fixed to the foundation, vibrations during a major earthquake are directly transmitted to the building, and accidents such as damage to the connection part of the pile head are likely to occur. On the other hand, when the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment is adopted, piles are not required even for mid-rise or higher buildings, making it possible to implement soft ground countermeasures inexpensively and safely.

[0045] Figure 11 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a configuration in which the resin block structure of the embodiment is applied to a rainwater storage tank. As shown in Figure 11, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment can be used as a structure to form a rainwater storage tank 7. When constructing a rainwater storage tank 7 using the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment is placed in a cavity formed by excavating the site. Concrete walls are formed on the bottom and sides of the cavity to form a waterproof layer 71, and the resin block structure 10 occupies the space inside it. A discharge pipe 72 is provided in a part of the waterproof layer 71 to release the accumulated rainwater little by little. A surface layer 74 is provided on the upper side of the resin block structure 10 via a buffer plate material 73 such as a plastic board. Depending on the use of the space above, the surface layer may be a concrete layer, or in the case of a park, it may be a soil layer.

[0046] When a space is secured using a resin block structure 10 to form a rainwater storage tank 7, it has the advantage of being far less expensive and requiring less construction time compared to securing the space by installing concrete columns. In this case, since the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment has increased strength, it can be used with confidence even for larger rainwater storage tanks, and the use of steel columns and other materials can be eliminated or reduced. Therefore, even large-scale rainwater storage tanks can be constructed at low cost and in a short construction period. A large-scale rainwater storage tank refers to a tall tank, for example, one with a storage space height of 2m or more, 3m or more, or 5m or more.

[0047] Furthermore, the resin block structure 10 of this embodiment can also be applied to rainwater storage and infiltration tanks that store rainwater while allowing it to permeate. When constructing a rainwater storage and infiltration tank, the bottom and sides of the cavity formed by excavation are not made into an impermeable layer, but rather permeable sheets or the like are provided to create an infiltration layer. Even when constructing a rainwater storage and infiltration tank, applying the resin block structure 10 of this embodiment makes it possible to realize even large-scale tanks safely and at low cost and in a short construction period. Furthermore, in the case of rainwater storage tanks, instead of using a concrete layer on the sides, a configuration is sometimes adopted in which flat blocks, as shown in Figure 2, are provided and the outside is covered with a waterproof sheet. In this case as well, it is preferable to reinforce the attachment of the waterproof sheet to the flat blocks and the attachment of the waterproof sheets to each other using the continuous fiber sheet or polypropylene tape mentioned above.

[0048] Figure 12 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a configuration in which the resin block structure of the embodiment is applied to site preparation. Of these, Figure 12(1) shows a configuration for site preparation by raising the ground level on a flat surface, and Figure 12(2) shows a configuration for site preparation on a slope.

[0049] When creating a site 8 by raising the ground level on a flat surface, the original site is excavated slightly, and after groundwork such as compaction and laying of crushed stone is carried out on the bottom surface, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment is installed. A retaining wall 81 is constructed on the sides (surrounding surfaces) of the resin block structure 10. The structure of the retaining wall 81 can be the same as conventional methods, but since the pressure due to the internal load (pressure due to the load of the resin block structure 10) is much smaller than that of soil pressure, the pressure resistance strength does not need to be high. A buffer plate material 82 such as Replaboard or a crushed stone layer 80 is appropriately interposed between the sides of the resin block structure 10 and the retaining wall 81. A buffer plate material 82 is also interposed on the top surface of the resin block structure 10, and a surface layer 83 is constructed on top of it. The surface layer 83 may be a concrete layer, or it may be a layer formed by covering a crushed stone layer with soil. An example of the former is a lean concrete layer for foundations, and an example of the latter is a site used for parks or sports fields.

[0050] When creating a level site relative to the slope 84, the process is basically the same as creating a level site, except that a retaining wall is not provided on the original slope side, as shown in Figure 12(2). For the slope 84, the ground is leveled into steps according to the size of the resin blocks 1 to 3, and the resin blocks 1 to 3 are laid out while being compacted. The resin blocks 1 to 3 laid out on the leveled surface form the slope-compatible section. The top layer of the assembled resin block structure 10 is the uppermost part, and the surface layer 83 is formed on top of it. In the case of a slope, since the resin blocks 1 to 3 are assembled at the construction site, the application of the continuous fiber sheet 5 is often also done at the construction site.

[0051] In any site preparation project, the use of reinforced resin block structures 10 makes it particularly suitable for large-scale site preparation. While such site preparation typically involves leveling mountains to secure soil, the site preparation method of this embodiment ensures sufficient volume through the resin block structures, eliminating the need to level mountains and enabling environmentally friendly site preparation.

[0052] Figure 13 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a configuration in which the resin block structure of the embodiment is applied to a retaining wall. The retaining wall is used to protect cliffs formed in areas with elevation differences. The application of the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment to a retaining wall reduces the pressure on the retaining wall by replacing the soil behind it with the resin block structure 10. Because the pressure is reduced, effects such as simplifying the foundation structure of the retaining wall can be obtained.

[0053] Specifically, in the application example shown in Figure 13(1), the retaining wall 9 consists of a resin block structure 10 of an embodiment constructed by combining a large number of resin blocks vertically and horizontally, and a side layer 91 exposed on the side. In the resin block structure 10, a continuous fiber sheet (not shown in Figure 13) is appropriately attached so as to span across adjacent resin blocks. In this example, the side layer 91 is planted and consists of a planting container 911, soil 912 placed in the container 911, and plants 913 planted in the soil 912. For the container 911, for example, precast concrete can be used. A crushed stone layer 92 is provided between the slope 90 and the resin block structure 10. The crushed stone layer 92 is provided not only for the purpose of buffering but also to stabilize the lower and inner surfaces of the stepped resin block structure 10.

[0054] In the application example shown in Figure 13(2), a stone wall 93 is used as the side layer. A resin block structure 10 is provided behind the stone wall 93 along its slope. The resin block structure 10 is installed at an overall incline to match the slope of the stone wall 93. That is, the resin block structure 10 is made by combining a pair of legged blocks 1 with the tips of the legs 12 touching, as shown in Figure 3, but the direction of the opposing surfaces (the height direction of each leg 12) is the same as the direction of the slope of the stone wall 93. This structure is intended to make the stone wall 93 more stable.

[0055] Furthermore, behind the resin block structure 10 that is installed at an angle, another resin block structure 10 that is not at an angle (each flat plate-like part is horizontal) is installed. This is to reduce the load on the resin block structure 10 that is placed at an angle and to stabilize the entire retaining wall. In both resin block structures 10, a continuous fiber sheet or polypropylene tape is attached so as to span across adjacent resin blocks.

[0056] The stone wall 93 is constructed by stacking natural or artificial stones (hereinafter referred to as "stone material") 931 as appropriate. In this process, the stone material is stacked with buffer material 932 such as Replaboard appropriately sandwiched between the outer surfaces of the resin block structure 10, and the stone wall 93 is formed by filling the gaps with mortar and allowing it to harden. Similarly, a crushed stone layer 92 is provided behind the resin block structure 10 to ensure stability.

[0057] In the retaining wall of this embodiment, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment is placed behind the side layer 91, so there is no need to construct a large-scale foundation (foundation for the retaining wall). Therefore, it becomes a retaining wall that can be constructed at low cost and in a short period of time. In addition, in the application examples shown in Figures 13(1) and 13(2), it is preferable that the angle of the slope behind the retaining wall 9 (the slope of the soil portion) be less than or equal to the angle of repose. However, since the strength of the resin block structure 10 is increased, it is often not a problem even if it exceeds the angle of repose.

[0058] In addition to the application examples described above, the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment can be used in a variety of applications. For example, Patent Document 3 discloses a structure in which multiple block materials are provided between the pile head and the foundation in a pile foundation structure, and the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment can be used as the multiple block materials. In this case, a structure in which many flat plate-shaped blocks 2 and 3 are arranged vertically and horizontally can be suitably adopted. Furthermore, the resin block structure 10 of this embodiment can also be suitably used in the field of civil engineering. For example, when constructing a road in an area with a difference in elevation, one possible application is to use the resin block structure 10 of this embodiment to fill the difference in elevation instead of building a bridge. With the resin block structure 10, it is only necessary to arrange resin blocks 1 to 3 to form the resin block structure 10 and provide an appropriate buffer layer around it or on top, so it can be completed in a much shorter construction period compared to building a bridge. There is also no need to excavate mountains to obtain soil, so it is also suitable from the standpoint of environmental consideration.

[0059] In the resin block structure 10 of the embodiment described above, the flat plate blocks 2 and 3 are also used to connect the flat plate portions of the legged block 1, which are combined with their legs 12 facing each other. Therefore, they have U-shaped projections 21 on a pair of opposing sides. However, when constructing the resin block structure 10 by arranging only flat plate blocks vertically and horizontally, flat plate blocks with flat end faces on all sides may be used. An example of such a flat plate block is disclosed in Patent Document 3.

[0060] Furthermore, when stacking the legged blocks 1 vertically to form the resin block structure 10, a structure in which the leg portions 12 are stacked facing the same direction may be adopted, rather than combining them with the leg portions 12 facing each other. This point will be explained with reference to Figures 14 and 15. Figures 14 and 15 are schematic diagrams showing a configuration in which legged blocks are stacked with the leg portions 12 facing the same direction, with Figure 14 being a perspective schematic and Figure 15 being a front schematic.

[0061] When the structure is designed to stack the leg portions 12 facing the same direction, the flat plate blocks 2 and 3 described above are used. As shown in Figure 1, the flat plate portion 11 of the legged block 1 has a fitting hole 13 for the flat plate block on its front side. The position of the fitting hole 13 for the flat plate block is the same as the position of the fitting protrusions 22 and 32 on the flat plate blocks 2 and 3. Also, as shown in Figure 2, each flat plate block 2 and 3 has fitting holes 25 and 35 for the leg portions. The positions of the fitting holes 25 and 35 for the leg portions are the same as the fitting protrusions 121 at the tip of each leg portion 12 of the legged block 1.

[0062] Taking the example of stacking legged blocks 1 with each leg portion 12 protruding upwards using wide flat block 2, as shown in Figure 14, the wide flat block 2 is placed over each leg portion 12 facing upwards of the legged block 1, with the front surface facing downwards. At this time, the fitting projections 121 of each leg portion 12 are fitted into the fitting holes 13 for each flat block. Then, another legged block 1 is placed on top of the wide flat block 2 in the same way, with the leg portion 12 facing upwards. At this time, the fitting projections 22 of the wide flat block 2 are fitted into the fitting holes 13 for flat blocks of the flat portion 11 of the other legged block 1. As a result, the legged blocks 1 are stacked vertically with the wide flat block 2 in between. The same procedure is followed when using short flat block 3.

[0063] In addition to the above, if fitting holes similar to the leg fitting holes 25 and 35 in the flat plate blocks 2 and 3 are provided on the front side of the flat plate portion 11 of the legged block 1, it becomes possible to stack the legged blocks 1 without interposing the flat plate blocks 2 and 3. However, in this case, the leg openings 120 are not provided and the shape is closed. The leg portion 120 is an opening for stacking the legged blocks 1 with the leg portions 12 facing the same direction, and is a structure that improves the convenience of storing and transporting the legged blocks 1. If the structure without interposing the flat plate blocks 2 and 3 is prioritized over these advantages, the above method may be used.

[0064] In any case, when the leg blocks 1 are stacked with each leg 12 facing the same direction, the volume of the space formed is reduced, but the overall strength of the resin block structure 10 is increased accordingly. In the example above, each leg 12 was facing upwards, but a structure in which the leg blocks 1 are stacked with each leg 12 facing downwards is also sometimes used. When the leg blocks 1 are stacked with each leg 12 facing downwards, the structure is basically the same, only the orientation is reversed. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0065] 1 Legged block 11 Flat plate part 12 Legs 2. Flat block 3. Flat block 4. Connectors 5 continuous fiber sheets 6 Buildings 61 Basics 62 buildings 7. Rainwater storage tank 71 Impermeable layer 8 Site 83 Surface layer 84 Slope 9. Retaining wall

Claims

1. A resin block structure for construction or civil engineering, which is assembled by combining multiple resin blocks having flat plate-like portions so that a space is formed between the opposing flat plate-like portions, A resin block structure characterized in that a continuous fiber sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 3 mm is attached across adjacent resin blocks to fix and reinforce them together.

2. A resin block structure for construction or civil engineering, which is assembled by combining a plurality of resin blocks having flat plate-shaped portions so that a space is formed between the opposing flat plate-shaped portions, A resin block structure characterized by having a continuous fiber sheet for continuous fiber sheet reinforcement method attached across adjacent resin blocks, thereby fixing and reinforcing both.

3. The resin block structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the continuous fiber sheet is a polyester fiber sheet and is attached with an epoxy resin adhesive.

4. A resin block structure for construction or civil engineering, which is assembled by combining a plurality of resin blocks having flat plate-shaped portions so that a space is formed between the opposing flat plate-shaped portions, Each resin block has legs that are erected from a flat plate-like portion, and the space is the space around the legs. A resin block structure characterized in that, in two adjacent resin blocks located vertically, the legs of each block or the flat plate portion of one of the resin blocks are joined together, and a continuous fiber sheet or polypropylene tape is attached across the two resin blocks at the joined points to fix and reinforce them together.

5. The resin block structure according to claim 4, characterized in that each of the aforementioned resin blocks has a leg portion having a fitting projection and a fitting hole at its tip, and the tips of the legs of each resin block are brought together and the fitting projections are fitted into the fitting holes.

6. A building comprising a foundation and a building constructed on the foundation, wherein a ground replacement layer is provided in the ground below the foundation, and the ground replacement layer is a resin block structure as described in claim 1, 2, or 4.

7. A rainwater storage tank characterized by having a resin block structure according to claim 1, 2, or 4 in the ground, and having a structure that allows rainwater to infiltrate and store in the space of the resin block structure.

8. A rainwater storage and infiltration tank comprising a resin block structure according to claim 1, 2, or 4 in the ground, wherein the flat plate portion of each resin block has an opening for water passage, and the structure is such that rainwater penetrates into the space, is stored thereafter, and then infiltrates into the ground.

9. A site used by people, in which the resin block structure described in claim 1, 2, or 4 is embedded, A site characterized by having a surface layer provided on the upper side of a resin block structure.

10. The site according to claim 9, characterized in that the site is an elevated site and the surface layer is provided at a position higher than the ground surface of the original site.

11. The site is located on a sloping area, and the resin block structure has a slope-corresponding section in which each resin block is arranged in a stepped manner along the slope of the sloping area, and an uppermost section in which each resin block is arranged so that the upper surfaces are flat and continuous. The site according to claim 9, characterized in that the aforementioned surface layer is provided on top of the uppermost part.

12. A retaining wall for preserving a cliff formed in an area with a difference in elevation, characterized in that the resin block structure described in claim 1, 2, or 4 is provided along the cliff, and the side of the resin block structure on the side opposite to the cliff is covered with a side layer.

Images