Systems and devices for monitoring negative pressure devices

Abstract

The present disclosure provides systems and devices for monitoring pressure within a negative pressure system, such as a suction canister. In one aspect, the system includes an anchor configured for positioning within a patient's intestinal tract at an anastomosis site, and a negative pressure source, such as a suction canister, fluidly coupled to the anchor. A portable alarm device is coupled to the suction canister and includes a trigger for detecting pressure therein. A signal device emits a signal when the pressure exceeds a threshold level, ensuring that the anchor remains in firm contact with the wall of the intestinal tract at the anastomosis site. The alarm device includes a handle that allows a patient to grasp and carry the suction canister, providing critically ill patients with mobility during recovery periods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - Reference to Related Applications) This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 184,360, filed on May 5, 2021, entitled "Systems and Devices for Monitoring Negative Pressure Devices", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] (Field) The present disclosure generally relates to systems and devices for monitoring negative pressure devices for use in combination with a patient, and more particularly, to a portable alarm device for continuously monitoring the pressure of an internal bypass device to protect against leakage within an anastomosis site following an intestinal resection procedure.

Background Art

[0003] (Background) In some cases, a section of a patient's intestine must be removed to treat certain occlusive conditions and diseases such as colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, massive bleeding, obstruction, and the like. In these intestinal resection procedures, the physician incises and removes the diseased or obstructed portion of the large intestine and then, often using very small staples or sutures, referred to as an intestinal anastomosis, reconnects the healthy ends of the intestinal tube. The most serious complication associated with intestinal resection procedures is leakage at the anastomosis, which can occur when the healing process is delayed or incomplete. Leakage at the anastomosis allows feces and other waste to leak into the abdominal cavity, which can lead to dangerous infections or sepsis. To prevent this from occurring, the anastomosis site must be protected immediately after surgery.

[0004] Traditionally, to prevent leakage at the anastomosis site, surgeons perform a procedure called bypass fistula creation, which involves creating an external bypass at the anastomosis site. In this procedure, the surgeon creates a temporary opening, i.e., a fistula (e.g., an artificial anus), to divert the intestinal tract to the main opening. The surgeon then attaches a fistula bag to the opening in the abdomen to collect the patient's stool and other waste during the healing cycle. Unfortunately, fistula creation is debilitating for the patient, prone to complications, expensive, and inefficient from a patient management perspective. In addition, fistula creation requires a second surgical procedure to reverse.

[0005] To overcome the limitations of bypass fistula formation procedures, internal temporary bypass devices have been developed. These bypass devices typically include a flexible sheath that is introduced into the colon and positioned against the inner wall of the colon at the anastomosis site. The bypass device eliminates any contact between the tissue and stool or other waste products progressing through the intestinal tract, thereby ensuring cleanliness of the anastomosis site. After healing is complete, the sheath can be removed from the patient through routine endoscopic procedures without requiring a second surgical procedure.

[0006] One of the challenges of internal bypass devices is ensuring they remain in close contact with the intestinal tissue surrounding the anastomosis site, preventing sheath migration or any leakage of intestinal contents into the area around the sheath and into the patient's abdomen. To overcome this challenge, bypass devices may include a negative suction pressure or vacuum pressure system that provides sustained negative pressure to the outer wall of the sheath to ensure the sheath remains in close contact with the inner wall of the intestine surrounding the anastomosis site. This negative suction pressure is typically supplied to the circumferential wall of the sheath using one or more fluid lines or catheters. The fluid lines are coupled to an external negative pressure source, such as a suction canister or equivalent.

[0007] While these new bypass devices are highly effective, they suffer from certain drawbacks. For example, continuous suction pressure must be applied to the bypass sheath throughout the entire healing cycle. If any part of the pressure system suffers a loss of negative pressure, the outer wall of the sheath loses contact with the intestinal tract, which can allow the sheath to migrate and / or leak feces or waste through the anastomosis. Therefore, the pressure of the suction system must be constantly monitored. In the event of a loss of negative pressure, the medical practitioner must be immediately alerted so that the system can be replaced before the sheath ceases to function as intended.

[0008] Another drawback of existing negative pressure systems, designed for use with internal bypass devices, is that the suction canister is typically supplied with negative pressure by a separate vacuum device. Therefore, to provide the patient with mobility between healing cycles within the hospital, the storage canister must either be completely disconnected from the vacuum device, or the patient must move around with the entire system. This involves the patient carrying not only more devices but also excess tubing that must be clipped and secured to prevent them from falling. These cumbersome systems are inconvenient for patients or therapists assisting them during movement.

[0009] To further improve patient mobility, suction canisters have been designed that can be pre-pressurized with negative pressure prior to patient use. Since these suction canisters already have negative or vacuum pressure, they do not require attachment to a separate tube for connection to a vacuum source. While this provides an improvement in patient mobility, suction canisters alone are typically difficult for patients to easily grasp and carry.

[0010] What is needed, therefore, are improved systems and devices for protecting the anastomosis site after bowel resection surgery. It would be particularly desirable to provide a device that produces a clear warning signal to healthcare providers when there is a loss of pressure within the negative pressure system that secures the internal bypass sheath to the anastomosis site. It would be even more desirable to provide a suction device that is portable, allowing the patient to move to improve digestive motility during the recovery cycle and to improve the patient's overall quality of life during this cycle. [Overview of the Initiative] [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] (summary) The following is a simplified overview of the claimed subject to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of it. This overview is not a comprehensive overview of the claimed subject. It is not intended to identify any key or definitive elements of the claimed subject, nor to define its scope. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the claimed subject in a simplified form, as a prelude to a more detailed explanation that will follow.

[0012] This disclosure provides a system and device for monitoring negative pressure devices for use in conjunction with a patient. In some aspects, the system generates an internal bypass within a target area of ​​the patient's gastrointestinal tract, allowing stool and other waste products to pass through the target area without contacting the walls of the gastrointestinal tract in that area. The target area may be an anastomosis site generated after bowel resection surgery to treat embolic conditions and diseases such as colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, massive bleeding, obstruction, and equivalents.

[0013] In one aspect of this disclosure, an internal bypass system for an anastomosis site in a patient's gastrointestinal tract comprises an anchor configured to be positioned within the patient's intestinal tract at the anastomosis site, and a negative pressure source, such as a suction canister, fluidly coupled to the anchor. The system further includes an alarm device having a trigger for detecting pressure within the suction canister, and a signaling device configured to emit a signal based on the pressure to ensure that the anchor remains in firm contact with the intestinal wall at the anastomosis site.

[0014] The systems and devices of this disclosure respond to pressure from within a negative pressure system and produce a clear warning signal if any part of the pressure system suffers a loss of suction pressure. This allows a medical practitioner to either diagnose a problem related to the negative pressure system, or replace one or more components of the system to ensure that the anchor remains in place throughout the healing cycle, thereby preventing leakage of stool or waste through the anastomosis.

[0015] In one embodiment, the anchor comprises a flexible sheath having an outer wall and an internal channel for allowing the passage of material through the sheath. The anchor may further comprise a stent, which is coupled to the sheath and configured to provide an outward radial force to the sheath. The negative pressure system comprises one or more tubes fluidly coupled to the outer wall of the sheath and at least one suction canister fluidly coupled to the tubes. The suction canister may be coupled to a negative pressure source or a vacuum pressure source, or the canister itself may be a negative pressure source. The combination of the stent and the negative pressure system fixes the flexible sheath to the colon wall and prevents sheath migration and / or leakage to the periphery.

[0016] The alarm device preferably comprises a main body configured for removable attachment to a suction canister. The main body is configured to allow the patient to grasp the device and carry the suction canister, thereby providing mobility to critically ill patients during the recovery cycle.

[0017] In one embodiment, the main body of the portable alarm device includes a coupling device for removably attaching the main body to a suction canister. In some exemplary embodiments, the coupling device includes fasteners that are sized to pass through openings in the suction canister and the main body. In some non-limiting aspects, the opening in the suction canister is a hole located on a projection of the suction canister, such as a tab or equivalent.

[0018] In some embodiments, the trigger may include a movable element positioned in contact with the surface of the suction canister and configured to move from a first position to a second position when the pressure in the suction canister reaches a threshold level. In these embodiments, the system further includes a tactile sensor, the movable element positioned to contact the tactile sensor when the pressure reaches a threshold level. In exemplary embodiments, the tactile sensor is coupled to a signaling device and configured to activate the signaling device when the expandable element contacts the tactile sensor.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the movable element is an expandable element that expands in response to pressure reaching a threshold level. The main body and suction canister are positioned by the coupling device such that the surface of the tactile sensor is contactable by the surface of the expandable element in its expanded configuration. In this embodiment, the coupling device serves multiple purposes, namely, to secure the alarm device to the suction canister for portability and to position the tactile sensor such that the expandable element contacts the tactile sensor in response to expansion. Thus, the unique and simple design of the coupling device not only allows for repeatable connection but is also lightweight and patient-free. Another advantage of the coupling device in some embodiments of this disclosure is that it is configured to connect the main body to suction canisters already widely used in medical settings, such as the Jet-Vac canister from PFM Medical, Inc.

[0020] In one embodiment, the main body comprises an extension having opposing ends configured for removable mounting to first and second suction canisters. In these embodiments, the device comprises first and second sensors. The first sensor is configured to detect pressure in the first suction canister, and the second sensor is configured to detect pressure in the second suction canister.

[0021] In exemplary embodiments, the extension body includes a handle that allows the patient to easily carry both suction canisters. In some embodiments, the extension body is rigid and has a length ranging from approximately 6 to 18 inches. This provides sufficient space for the patient to grasp it by hand and to connect the two separate suction canisters to the alarm device.

[0022] In one embodiment, the signaling device comprises a power source and suitable electronic equipment coupled to a tactile sensor for producing an alarm or warning signal indicating that the internal pressure of the suction canister exceeds a threshold level. In other embodiments, the power source and electronic equipment may be separate from the alarm device and coupled to the tactile sensor via a wireless connection such as Bluetooth® or equivalent. The alarm or warning signal may be any signal that warns the patient and / or healthcare provider that the container is full and must be replaced. For example, the signal may include an audible warning, a visual warning, or it may be transmitted to a remote location such as a nurse's station or other suitable location by direct connection or wirelessly.

[0023] In another aspect of the present invention, a portable alarm device is provided for use in conjunction with an internal bypass system for an anastomosis site. The alarm device comprises a main body configured for removable mounting to a suction canister, and at least one sensor coupled to the main body and configured to detect pressure from inside the suction canister. The alarm device further includes a signaling device coupled to the sensor and configured to emit a signal when the pressure inside the suction canister exceeds a threshold level. One of the advantages of this alarm device is that the main body has an extendable portion that functions as a handle for allowing the patient to grasp the device and carry the suction canister, thereby providing the patient with mobility during the recovery cycle.

[0024] In one embodiment, the main body of the portable alarm device includes a coupling device for removably attaching the main body to a suction canister. In some exemplary embodiments, the coupling device includes fasteners that are sized to pass through openings in the suction canister and the main body. In some non-limiting aspects, the opening in the suction canister is a hole located on a projection of the suction canister, such as a tab or equivalent.

[0025] In some embodiments, the system may include an expandable element positioned in contact with the surface of a suction canister and configured to expand when the pressure in the suction canister reaches a threshold level. In these embodiments, the sensor comprises a tactile sensor, wherein the expandable element is positioned to contact the tactile sensor when the pressure reaches a threshold level. In exemplary embodiments, the tactile sensor is coupled to a signaling device and configured to activate the signaling device when the expandable element contacts the tactile sensor.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the main body and the suction cannister are positioned by a coupling device such that the surface of the tactile sensor is contactable by the surface of the expandable element of the suction cannister in its expanded configuration. In this embodiment, the coupling device serves multiple purposes, namely, securing the alarm device to the suction cannister for portability and positioning the tactile sensor such that the expandable element contacts the tactile sensor as it expands.

[0027] In another aspect of the present invention, a portable alarm device is provided for use in conjunction with an internal bypass system for an anastomosis site. The alarm device includes an elongate body having first and second opposing ends. Each opposing end is configured for removable attachment to first and second suction cannisters. The device further includes a first trigger configured to detect pressure from within the first suction cannister and a second trigger configured to detect pressure from within the second suction cannister. The device further includes a signal device coupled to each trigger and configured to emit a signal when the pressure within the first or second suction cannister exceeds a threshold level.

[0028] According to an exemplary embodiment, the elongate body includes a handle that can be easily grasped and carried by a patient. In some embodiments, the elongate body of the device is rigid and has a length within the range of about 6 to 18 inches. An elongate body having a length within this range will allow the device to be connected to two cannisters at a time, one at each end.

[0029] In some embodiments, the alarm device includes first and second coupling devices for removably attaching the elongate body to the first and second suction cannisters. In an illustrative embodiment, each of the first and second coupling devices includes a fastener sized to pass through an opening of each of the first and second suction cannisters and an opening of the main body. This unique design of the three-part portable system helps improve a patient's mobility during the recovery period.

[0030] In one embodiment, the first and second triggers each include an element having a contact surface configured to contact the surface of an expandable element of one of the first and second suction canisters, the expandable element being configured to expand when the pressure in one of the first and second suction canisters reaches a threshold level. In another embodiment, the device further includes first and second tactile sensors, wherein when the pressure reaches a threshold level, the expandable element of one of the first and second suction canisters is positioned to contact the element of one of the first and second tactile sensors.

[0031] In exemplary embodiments, the first and second tactile sensors are coupled to a signaling device and configured to activate the signaling device when one or both of the expandable elements of the first and second suction canisters come into contact with one of the tactile sensors. The extension of the portable device and the first and second suction canisters may be positioned by the first and second coupling devices such that the surface of one of the elements of the first and second tactile sensors is in contact with the surface of one of the expandable elements of the first and second suction canisters in its extended configuration.

[0032] In exemplary embodiments, the signaling device includes a power source. In some embodiments, the signal includes an audible warning. In other embodiments, the signal includes a visual warning. In yet another exemplary embodiment, the signal includes an audible warning. In some embodiments, the signal includes data, and the device further includes a transmitter for transmitting the data to a remote location. It should be understood that the signal may also be any combination of these types of warnings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0033] The accompanying drawings incorporated herein and forming part thereof illustrate and describe some embodiments of the present disclosure, and serve to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure.

[0034] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a side view of an anchor for an internal bypass system according to this disclosure.

[0035] [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary suction canister for use with an internal bypass system according to this disclosure.

[0036] [Figure 3A] Figure 3A is a perspective view of the portable alarm device of this disclosure, coupled to two representative suction canisters.

[0037] [Figure 3B] Figure 3B is an exploded view of a portion of the portable alarm device shown in Figure 3A.

[0038] [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a coupling device for removably attaching the alarm device shown in Figure 3A to the suction canister.

[0039] [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the main body of the portable alarm device shown in Figure 3A.

[0040] [Figure 6] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the signaling device of the portable alarm device shown in Figure 3A.

[0041] [Figure 7] Figure 7 illustrates the internal bypass device of the present invention used at an anastomosis site in the patient's gastrointestinal tract. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0042] (Detailed description of preferred embodiments) While specific embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely illustrative of this disclosure and that this disclosure can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but merely as representative grounds for the claims and for teaching those skilled in the art to adopt this disclosure in various forms in any appropriately detailed structure. Well-known functions or structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring this disclosure in any unnecessary detail. It should also be understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale and are not intended to represent absolute or relative dimensions. Instead, the drawings serve to illustrate the concepts described herein.

[0043] This disclosure provides systems and devices for creating an internal bypass within a target area of ​​a patient's gastrointestinal tract, allowing stool and other waste to pass through the target area without contacting the walls of the gastrointestinal tract in that area. The target area may be an anastomosis site in the colon, rectum, or anal passage, generated after bowel resection surgery to treat embolic conditions and diseases such as colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, massive bleeding, obstruction, and equivalents. The bypass device may be fixed to the anastomosis site using a negative pressure system, such as one or more suction canisters, which are coupled to the bypass device via suitable medical tubing or equivalents. This disclosure further provides a portable alarm device that responds to pressure from within the suction canister and produces a warning signal to a healthcare provider when the pressure reaches a threshold level that would no longer be sufficient to fix the bypass device to the anastomosis site.

[0044] The portable alarm device is coupled to one or more suction canisters and provides a handle for gripping and holding the canisters. This design allows the storage canister to be portable, enabling the patient to walk around their recovery room or throughout hospital corridors as their normal mobility is restored, without interfering with the continuous application of negative or vacuum pressure to the bypass device.

[0045] Referring here to Figure 1, an anchor 10 for providing an internal bypass to a target site in the patient's gastrointestinal tract will be described. As shown, the anchor 10 comprises an extendable flexible sheath 12 having an outer wall and an internal channel for allowing the passage of feces and other waste through it. The sheath 12 has a length (see Figure 7) that is selected to extend from the target site in the gastrointestinal tract to a location outside the patient through the patient's intestines and anus. The sheath 12 includes a proximal end that is coupled to a collection container (not shown) located inside or outside the patient's body. The sheath 12 may be made of a biocompatible elastomer material such as silicone or polyurethane.

[0046] The anchor 10 further comprises a stent 14 coupled to the sheath 12 and configured to provide an outward radial force to the sheath 12 or to the wall of the intestinal tract. In combination with the negative pressure system described below, the stent 14 functions to keep a target area in the gastrointestinal tract open so that stool and other waste will pass through the sheath without coming into contact with the surrounding wall of the anastomosis site. A more complete description of suitable sheaths and stents for use in the bypass device 10 can be found in U.S. Patent No. 9,339,272 (the full disclosure thereof is incorporated herein by reference for any purpose).

[0047] The bypass device 10 further comprises one or more suction tubes 16, 18 extending along the outer circumference of the sheath 12. The suction tubes 16, 18 have proximal ends that are coupled to a negative pressure or vacuum system for providing negative pressure around the walls of the sheath 12 and / or stent 14. This negative pressure functions to suction the outer walls of the sheath 12 and stent 14 within the vacuum chamber area 20 against the inner wall of the intestinal tract. In one embodiment, the bypass device may further include a distal covering ring 30 extending around the stent 14 and securely fastening the stent 14 to the distal end of the sheath 12, and one or more sealing rings 26, 28. In addition, the device 10 may include distal and / or proximal retrieval loops 22, 24 for facilitating the removal of the device 10 after the anastomosis has completely healed.

[0048] As shown in Figure 2, the negative pressure system of the present disclosure further comprises one or more suction canisters 240 connected to the suction tubes 16, 18 of Figure 1 via medical tubing 340. The suction canisters 240 provide a negative pressure source or vacuum pressure source to the suction tubes 16, 18. In some embodiments, the suction canisters 240 are standard suction canisters made of lightweight plastic, such as those manufactured by PFM Medical, Inc. In other embodiments, the suction canisters 240 may be other fluid management systems known in the medical technology field. For example, the container may be a Medi-Vac suction canister, sold by Cardinal Health, Inc., which is a rigid plastic container but has a different structure from that of the Jet-Vac canister. In yet another embodiment, the suction canisters 240 are custom-designed for use with the portable device of the present disclosure.

[0049] The suction canister 240 further includes a projection 244 with an opening 245 on its upper surface. In some embodiments discussed below, the main body of the portable device or accessory components to the portable device may include inserts, such as fasteners, that are sized to pass through the opening 245. In the embodiment depicted in Figure 2, the projection 244 of the suction canister is a plastic tab including the opening 245. It should be understood that the suction canister 240 may have a structure entirely different from that shown in Figure 2. For example, the suction canister 240 may not have a projection 244, and coupling to the portable alarm device 100 may be performed by a mechanism different from that of the fasteners described below.

[0050] A typical suction canister 240 further includes an inlet adapter 242. The inlet adapter 242 can be further attached to medical tubing 340. In other embodiments of the suction canister 240, the inlet adapter 242 may be located elsewhere on the container instead of on its upper surface. For example, the location of the inlet adapter 242 may actually be somewhere near the bottom of the suction canister. In some embodiments, it may be useful for the inlet adapter 242 to include a control valve to allow the flow to be started or stopped.

[0051] Figure 3a is a perspective view of a portable alarm device 100 according to the present invention. As shown, the alarm device 100 comprises a main body 200 which is detachably coupled to two suction canisters 240. The main body 200 comprises an extension portion 210 suitable for gripping by the hand of an average-sized patient and two opposing ends 350. The main body 200 or its extension portion 210 may be about 6 to 10 inches in length to accommodate the coupling of two canisters, such as two 600 mL Jet-Vac canisters. Alternatively, the main body 200 or extension portion 210 may be longer than 10 inches to accommodate a wider diameter canister or to accommodate gripping by a larger-sized hand. In a preferred embodiment, the total length of the main body 200 or extension portion 210 is 18 inches or less so that the device 100 is lightweight and manageable for portability. These are descriptions of preferred lengths for the main body 200 or the extension portion 210, but please understand that the device 100 may be shorter or longer than the lengths described herein.

[0052] The extension portion 210 has a roughly angular shape, like a rectangular block. The right-angle cross-section of the extension portion 210 may therefore be irregularly shaped and include acute angles. In other embodiments, the extension portion 210 of the main body 200 has a roughly tubular or curved shape, with a curved surface, etc., similar to a standard bicycle handlebar. In these cases, the cross-section of the extension portion 210 is essentially roughly circular or elliptical. The main body 200 may, alternatively, be a combination of these shapes, with angular edges at the opposing ends 350 of the device and a tubular portion in the central part where the hand surrounds it. The main body 200 may be substantially rigid to be suitable for a firm grip. However, it may be covered at least in part with a rigid or non-rigid material to increase comfort while the patient holds it. The main body 200 may, alternatively, be covered at least in part with a material having a roughness suitable for gripping by a non-slippery hand. The covering may instead be a disposable liner. Regardless of the material, the surface of the device or covering should be easily disinfected using standard cleaning consumables that are disposed of or known in the art and used for cleaning medical devices.

[0053] The extended portion 210 of device 100 serves as a handle, while the opposing end 350 includes a coupling assembly. In this embodiment, since the opposing end 350 is not a component of the handle portion of the device, they may have different shapes as a whole. For example, the opposing end 350 may include a coupling device and a sensor, and therefore may be modularly designed and irregularly molded.

[0054] One embodiment of the opposing end 350 is shown in Figure 3a. In this embodiment, each opposing end 350 comprises a hollow partial enclosure 354 for receiving and partially enclosing the expandable element 243 of the suction canister 240, which will be discussed in more detail below. The opposing end 350 further includes an opening 304, which is more clearly shown in Figure 7. The opening 304 is sized for the removable insertion of a fastener, such as a pin 303, shown in Figure 4. In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 3a, each opposing end 350 further includes a suspension tab 356, configured to allow the patient or clinician the option of suspending the device, whether it exists independently or while coupled to the suction canister 240. This would be useful in cases where the patient's hands are occupied while moving around. For example, in the earlier stages of recovery, a patient may be asked by a physical therapist to walk while holding onto a walker with both hands. In another embodiment, the patient may find it more convenient to suspend the device by their pillow and keep the surface clearly in its immediate vicinity for other uses.

[0055] The opposing end 350 may further include a base 352 that engages with the surface of the suction canister 240 and at least partially accommodates the projection 244 of the suction canister 240. In some embodiments, as clearly shown in Figure 3a and Figure 7, the base 352 includes a partially hollow enclosure with projection legs 353 that contact the upper surface of the suction canister 240. For example, the projection 244 may be inserted into the hollow space within the base 352 such that its opening 245 will align with the corresponding opening 304. In this way, the base 352 and the projection 244 will be locked in place once the pin 303 is removably inserted through both openings. Multiple different embodiments of the surfaces of the suction canister 240 and the coupling device 301 may exist, and therefore it should be understood that the design of the device, including its opposing end 350, will depend on the structure required to achieve a secure connection between the device and the container.

[0056] In some embodiments, the suction canister 240 includes an expandable element 243 on the surface of the canister 240. The expandable element 243 may be in a retracted configuration, as illustrated in the image of the suction canister 240 on the right in Figure 3a, or in an expanded configuration, as shown on the suction canister 240 on the left in Figure 3a. In other embodiments, the expandable element 243 may be an integral part of the suction canister 240. In other embodiments, the expandable element 243 is a separate component that is appropriately coupled to the suction canister 240. The expandable element 243 may be a component of the portable alarm device 100. In these embodiments, other components of the suction canister 240 transmit a signal to the expandable element 243 when the pressure reaches a threshold level, causing it to expand. Regardless of its location, the expandable element 243 is configured to expand in response to the pressure within the suction canister 240.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the expandable element 243 is configured to expand when the pressure in the suction canister 240 reaches a threshold level. For example, if negative pressure or loss of suction pressure is present, the threshold pressure is reached, which causes the expandable element 243 to transition to its expanded configuration. In an exemplary embodiment, when the expandable element 243 expands to its expanded configuration, its surface comes into contact with the surface of the sensor element 307 of the tactile sensor 306 of the device 100, as shown in the exploded view of Figure 3b.

[0058] The threshold pressure level that will trigger the expandable element 243 may vary depending on the suction canister used in conjunction with the system. At a minimum, this threshold level will include a pressure high enough that the internal bypass device can no longer keep the target area in the digestive tract open, allowing feces and other waste to pass through the sheath without contacting the surrounding walls of the anastomosis site. In some embodiments, the threshold pressure level will be based on an actual pressure value. The vacuum or suction pressure can be generated at a pressure level generally below atmospheric pressure or below about 760 mm Hg, which will vary based on the altitude, temperature, and other factors of the suction canister. To provide sufficient suction pressure to the internal bypass device, the pressure in the suction canister is preferably well below atmospheric pressure, for example, at about 480 mm Hg or below. In some embodiments, the threshold pressure level is above about 400 mm Hg, preferably above about 480 mm Hg.

[0059] In other embodiments, the threshold pressure level would be based on a percentage of the pressure level set by the individual suction canister. For example, one commercially available canister is set so that the trigger will expand when the canister pressure is about 80% of a given vacuum pressure in the system. In other cases, the pressure level may be set to other percentages such as 90%, 75%, or 50%, depending on the capacity of the individual suction canister.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the expandable element 243 may have a structure different from that described above. For example, element 243 may be rectangular, circular, square, conical, or dome-shaped. In addition, element 243 may be designed to move from one position to another (rather than expanding) or simply to translate or extend in one direction when a threshold pressure is reached within the canister 240.

[0061] In one embodiment, sensor 306 is a type of pressure sensor, such as a tactile pressure sensor. In some embodiments, the surface of the tactile pressure sensor is configured to be in contact with the surface of the expandable element 243 in Figure 3b. In one embodiment, the tactile sensor is further coupled to a signaling device 227. On one side, as shown in Figure 3b, element 307 of sensor 306 has a surface that is acted upon by the extension of the expandable element 243. It should be understood that there are many different types of switches, including snap-action switches such as sensor 306 in Figure 2b, which can be used to detect the force of the extension of the expandable element 243.

[0062] Figure 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a coupling device 301 for removably attaching device 100 to a suction canister 240. In this embodiment, the coupling device 301 allows the main body 200 of device 100 to engage with the upper surface of the suction canister 240. The coupling device 301 includes a fastener for securing device 100 to the suction canister 240. In one embodiment, the fastener is a pin 303 which may further have a quick-release push button along its body. Once the pin 303 is inserted into the opening 304, its exposed end may further be attached to a pin handle 302. The pin handle 302 facilitates fastening device 100 to or releasing device 100 from the suction canister 240.

[0063] In one aspect, the projection 244 of the suction canister 240 is a tab having an opening 245. For example, the upper surfaces of the first and second suction canisters 240 each have projection tabs with openings 245 that allow for the insertion of fasteners. However, it should be understood that the surfaces of the suction canisters may have different structures. For example, the suction canister 240 does not have projections 244, and the connection may be made using something other than the pin 303 or other types of fasteners. For example, other types of connections may be used to removably attach the main body 200 to the suction canister 240. In one aspect, a clamp may be installed around the body or reduced diameter portion of the suction canister 240. The retaining end of the clamp may fix the suction canister 240 in place, while the other end of the clamp may be attached to or inserted through the main body 200 of the device 100. In that respect, coupling the suction canister 240 to the portable alarm device 100 would be accomplished using something similar to a sharply protruding clamp that holds a chemical flask container in place.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the device 100 includes a coupling device 301 on each opposing end 350 for attaching the device 100 to two separate suction canisters 240. The main body 200 of the device is configured so that a patient can grasp the device 100 with the two suction canisters and carry it anywhere in a hospital room or corridor without obstructing the suction pressure applied to the bypass device 10.

[0065] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the main body 200 of the alarm device 100. As mentioned above, a length of approximately 6 inches for the extension portion 210 or main body 200 would result in a lighter system and be adapted for connection to smaller, lower-volume canisters. Such a system could perhaps be used for younger patients or patients with small hands. Alternatively, a rigid main body 200 or extension portion 210 having a length in the range of approximately 6 to 10 inches would provide an easily maneuverable three-dimensional object with sufficient space for grasping by an average-sized patient, giving the patient the ability to balance and control two suction canisters. Alternatively, device lengths exceeding 15 inches would be adapted for connection to two very large canisters, for example, perhaps each having a diameter exceeding 6 inches. It should be understood that these device lengths are merely embodiments of device lengths, and the main body 200 of this device may be longer or shorter than that described herein.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, an LED illumination window 223 may be seen through which an LED unit 220 (see Figure 6) can emit light to signal that the pressure from inside the canister has reached a threshold. In other embodiments, the signal includes an audible warning. In other embodiments, the signal includes both an audible and a visible warning. In yet another embodiment, the signal includes data that is transmitted to a remote location. The signal may also be a combination of one or more types of warnings. Regardless of the type of warning, the signal indicates the presence of a loss of negative pressure within the system, which could cause the bypass device 10 to wander or become less firmly attached to the patient's intestinal wall.

[0067] Figure 6 is an exploded view of one embodiment of an exemplary signaling device 227 for providing a warning of the presence of a loss of suction pressure within the system. In one embodiment, the signaling device 227 comprises an electronic assembly including a power source 226, such as a battery, coupled to a circuit board 300 via a preferred connector 305. If the device 100 is configured to emit an audible signal, a buzzer 452 is present, shown in the exploded view as a component behind or inside a mute button 450 for silencing the buzzer 452. The surface of the mute button 450 is accessible to the patient or user to silence the alarm. It should be understood that other types of silencers and buzzers, including a micro buzzer, may also be used within the device 100.

[0068] In some embodiments, two LED units 220, a mute button 450, and a buzzer 452 may be present. It should be understood that the components of the signaling device 227 can be configured in several different ways. For example, the power source 226 may be located outside the main body 200 of the alarm device 100. The battery of the power source 226 may be a small rechargeable battery, and the circuit board 300 may be molded to fit the power source 226 and associated electronics in a separate section of the device 100. For example, the power source 226 may be housed in the opposing end 350 in Figure 2a. The device 100 may further have hardware for transmitting and receiving Wi-Fi signals. It should be understood that the components of the signaling device 227 and other electronics and adapters can vary, and that the disclosures herein are not limited to those embodied in Figure 6.

[0069] During use, the bypass device 10 is introduced endoscopically into the large intestine tract 400 through the patient's rectum and then advanced to the anastomosis site 402. The stent 14 is expanded through any preferred mode known in the art, and the suction tubes 16, 18 are connected to one or more suction canisters 240 via medical tubing 340. Suction pressure is then applied to the sheath 12 via the suction tubes 16, 18 (see Figure 1) to fix the device 10 to the intestinal tissue. The device 10 is then properly positioned to provide an internal bypass of the intestinal contents so that these contents do not come into contact with the anastomosis site or leak through the anastomosis. A more complete description of how the device 10 is inserted into a patient is described in U.S. Patent No. 9,339,272 (incorporated herein by reference above).

[0070] The portable alarm device 100 is coupled to each suction canister 240 by sliding the projection 244 into the base 352 such that the projection leg 353 is seated on the surface of the canister. In these embodiments, it is important that the opening 245 of the projection 244 is aligned with the open space 304 in the base 352. Thus, the pin 303 may be inserted through both openings and retracted into place when the quick-release button on its end reaches the storage space in the opposing end 350 of the device 100.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the main body 200 and the suction canister 240 are positioned by a coupling device 301 such that an element 307 of a tactile sensor becomes contactable by an expandable element 243 of the suction canister 240 once the pressure inside the canister reaches a threshold. The coupling device 301 is a unique and simple design that allows for repeatability in the precise configuration of the suction canister 240 coupled to the device 100. The coupling mechanism is also inherently lightweight and therefore does not impose any further burden on the patient.

[0072] If the pressure reaches a threshold within the negative pressure system, element 243 expands and contacts element 307 of sensor 306, as described above, and signals an alarm. This immediately alerts the patient or medical practitioner that suction pressure has been lost and that the system must be diagnosed or replaced to ensure that the bypass device remains firmly in place at the anastomosis site.

[0073] The devices in this disclosure provide an easily graspable and lightweight design that improves patient mobility for performing exercises to meet individual needs or for purposes such as physical therapy. This allows patients to be mobile during their recovery cycle and improve their overall quality of life throughout the recovery period.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will understand that the devices and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting exemplary embodiments. Features illustrated or described in relation to one exemplary embodiment may be combined with features of other embodiments. Various substitutes and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is intended to encompass all such substitutes, modifications, and differences. Similarly, those skilled in the art will understand further features and advantages of the disclosure based on the embodiments described above. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to what is specifically shown and described, except as indicated by the appended claims. This application provides the invention in the following embodiments. (Aspect 1) An internal bypass system for a target site in the patient's gastrointestinal tract, wherein the system is An anchor configured to be positioned within the patient's digestive tract at the target site, A negative pressure system having a negative pressure source fluidly coupled to the anchor, An alarm device coupled to the negative pressure system and having a trigger for detecting pressure from within the negative pressure system, A signaling device configured to be coupled to the trigger and emit a signal, A bypass system equipped with this feature. (Aspect 2) The bypass system according to embodiment 1, wherein the anchor comprises a flexible sheath having an outer wall and an internal channel for allowing a substance to pass through the sheath. (Aspect 3) The bypass system according to embodiment 2, further comprising a stent, the anchor being coupled to the sheath and configured to provide an outward radial force to the sheath. (Aspect 4) The bypass system according to embodiment 2, wherein the negative pressure system comprises one or more tubes fluidly coupled to the outer wall of the sheath, and at least one suction canister fluidly coupled to the one or more tubes. (Appendix 5) The bypass system according to embodiment 4, wherein the alarm device comprises a main body, and the main body has a coupling device for removably attaching the main body to the suction canister. (Aspect 6) The bypass system according to embodiment 5, wherein the coupling device comprises fasteners that are sized to pass through the opening of the suction canister and the opening of the main body. (Aspect 7) The bypass system according to embodiment 5, wherein the trigger comprises a movable element coupled to the outer wall of the suction canister, the movable element being configured to move from a first position to a second position when the pressure in the suction canister reaches a threshold level. (Pattern 8) The bypass system according to embodiment 7, further comprising a tactile sensor having a contact surface configured to contact the surface of the movable element in the second position when the main body is coupled to the suction canister. (Aspect 9) The bypass system according to embodiment 8, wherein the tactile sensor is positioned such that when the pressure reaches the threshold level, the movable element contacts the tactile sensor. (Aspect 10) The bypass system according to embodiment 9, wherein the tactile sensor is coupled to the signaling device and configured to activate the signaling device when the movable element comes into contact with the tactile sensor. (Aspect 11) The bypass system according to embodiment 5, further comprising a second suction canister fluidly coupled to one or more tubes, wherein the trigger is a first trigger, the first trigger is configured to detect pressure in the first suction canister, and the device further comprises a second trigger configured to detect pressure in the second suction canister. (Aspect 12) The bypass system according to embodiment 11, wherein the main body comprises an extended portion and first and second opposing ends, each of which is provided with a coupling device for connecting the main body to the first and second suction canisters, and the extended portion is provided with a handle for gripping and carrying the main body and the suction canisters. (Aspect 13) The bypass system according to embodiment 1, wherein the signal includes an audible warning. (Aspect 14) The bypass system according to embodiment 1, wherein the signal includes a visible warning. (Aspect 15) The bypass system according to embodiment 1, wherein the signal includes data, and the device further comprises a transmitter for transmitting the data to a remote location. (Aspect 16) A portable alarm device for use in conjunction with a negative pressure system, wherein the device is A main body configured for removable mounting to a suction canister, the main body including a handle, At least one trigger, coupled to the main body and configured to detect pressure from inside the suction canister, A signaling device configured to be coupled to the trigger and emit a signal, A device equipped with the following features. (Aspect 17) The device according to embodiment 16, wherein the main body comprises a coupling device for removably attaching the main body to the suction canister. (Aspect 18) The device according to embodiment 17, wherein the coupling device comprises fasteners that are sized to pass through the opening of the suction canister and the opening of the main body. (Aspect 19) The device according to embodiment 16, wherein the trigger comprises an expandable element coupled to the outer wall of the suction canister, and the expandable element is configured to expand when the pressure of the suction canister reaches a threshold level. (Aspect 20) The device according to embodiment 19, further comprising a tactile sensor having a contact surface configured to contact the surface of the expandable element of the suction canister when the main body is coupled to the suction canister. (Aspect 21) The device according to embodiment 20, wherein the tactile sensor is positioned such that when the pressure reaches the threshold level, the expandable element contacts the tactile sensor. (Aspect 22) The device according to embodiment 21, wherein the tactile sensor is coupled to the signaling device and is configured to activate the signaling device when the expandable element comes into contact with the tactile sensor. (Aspect 23) The device according to embodiment 16, wherein the main body comprises an extension having opposing ends configured for removable attachment to first and second suction canisters. (Aspect 24) The device according to embodiment 23, wherein the trigger is a first trigger, the first trigger is configured to detect pressure in the first suction canister, and the device further comprises a second trigger configured to detect pressure in the second suction canister. (Aspect 25) The device according to embodiment 23, wherein the extension body is provided with the handle. (Aspect 26) The device according to embodiment 16, wherein the signal includes an audible warning. (Aspect 27) The device according to embodiment 16, wherein the signal includes a visible warning. (Aspect 28) The device according to embodiment 16, wherein the signal includes data, and the device further comprises a transmitter for transmitting the data to a remote location. (Aspect 29) A portable device for use in conjunction with a negative pressure system, wherein the device is An extension body having first and second opposing ends, wherein the first and second ends are configured for removable attachment to first and second suction canisters, A first trigger configured to detect pressure from inside the first suction canister, and a second trigger configured to detect pressure from inside the second suction canister, A signaling device configured to be coupled to each trigger and emit a signal, A device equipped with the following features. (Aspect 30) The device according to embodiment 29, wherein the extension body is provided with a handle. (Aspect 31) The device according to embodiment 29, wherein the alarm device comprises first and second coupling devices for removably attaching the extension body to the first and second suction canisters. (Aspect 32) The device according to embodiment 31, wherein each of the first and second coupling devices comprises fasteners that are sized to pass through the respective openings of the first and second suction canisters and the opening of the main body. (Aspect 33) The device according to embodiment 29, wherein the first and second triggers each include an expandable element configured to expand when the pressure in one of the first and second suction canisters reaches a threshold level. (Aspect 34) The device according to embodiment 33, further comprising first and second tactile sensors, wherein when the pressure reaches the threshold level, the expandable element is positioned to contact one of the first and second tactile sensors. (Aspect 35) The device according to embodiment 34, wherein the first and second tactile sensors are coupled to the signaling device and are configured to activate the signaling device when one or both of the expandable elements of the first and second suction canisters come into contact with one of the tactile sensors.

Claims

1. An internal bypass system for a target site in the patient's gastrointestinal tract, wherein the system is An anchor configured to be positioned within the patient's digestive tract at the target site, A negative pressure system having a negative pressure source fluidly coupled to the anchor, An alarm device comprising a pressure switch coupled to the negative pressure system and having a trigger for detecting pressure from within the negative pressure system, A signaling device coupled to the pressure switch and configured to emit a warning signal in response to the negative pressure system experiencing a loss of suction pressure, A bypass system equipped with this feature.

2. The bypass system according to claim 1, wherein the anchor comprises a flexible sheath having an outer wall and an internal channel for allowing a substance to pass through the sheath.

3. The bypass system according to claim 2, further comprising a stent, the anchor being coupled to the sheath and configured to provide an outward radial force to the sheath.

4. The bypass system according to claim 2, wherein the negative pressure system comprises one or more tubes fluidly coupled to the outer wall of the sheath, and at least one suction canister fluidly coupled to the one or more tubes.

5. The bypass system according to claim 4, wherein the alarm device comprises a main body, and the main body has a coupling device for removably attaching the main body to the suction canister.

6. The bypass system according to claim 5, wherein the coupling device comprises fasteners that are sized to pass through the opening of the suction canister and the opening of the main body.

7. The bypass system according to claim 5, wherein the trigger comprises a movable element coupled to the outer wall of the suction canister, the movable element being configured to move from a first position to a second position when the pressure in the suction canister reaches a threshold level.

8. The bypass system according to claim 7, wherein the pressure switch comprises a tactile pressure sensor having a contact surface configured to contact the surface of the movable element in the second position when the main body is coupled to the suction canister.

9. The bypass system according to claim 8, wherein the tactile pressure sensor is positioned such that when the pressure reaches the threshold level, the movable element contacts the tactile pressure sensor.

10. The bypass system according to claim 9, wherein the tactile pressure sensor is coupled to the signaling device and configured to activate the signaling device when the movable element comes into contact with the tactile pressure sensor.

11. The bypass system according to claim 5, further comprising a second suction canister fluidly coupled to one or more of the tubes, wherein the trigger is a first trigger, the first trigger is configured to detect pressure in the first suction canister, and the device further comprises a second trigger configured to detect pressure in the second suction canister.

12. The bypass system according to claim 11, wherein the main body comprises an extended portion and first and second opposing ends, each of which is provided with a coupling device for connecting the main body to the first and second suction canisters, and the extended portion comprises a handle for gripping and carrying the main body and the suction canisters.

13. The bypass system according to claim 1, wherein the warning signal includes an audible warning.

14. The bypass system according to claim 1, wherein the warning signal includes a visible warning.

15. The bypass system according to claim 1, wherein the warning signal includes data, and the device further comprises a transmitter for transmitting the data to a remote location.

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