Thickness measurement method, measuring device, and measurement program

Abstract

To provide a thickness measurement method, a measurement device and a measurement program that can simply measure a thickness of a covering material with a small measurement error.SOLUTION: A thickness measurement method is a measurement method that measures a thickness of a covering material covering a construction face. The measurement method comprises: an installation step (P11) of providing at least one hole part in the covering material penetrating the covering material in a thickness direction so that a part of the construction face is exposed to an inner bottom; a first step (P21) of measuring a surface shape of the covering material including the hole part and an inner face shape of the hole part to acquire the surface shape and the inner face shape; and a calculation step (P31) of calculating the thickness of the covering material from an interval between the surface of the covering material and a tip end face of the inner face shape of the hole part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a measurement method, a measurement device, and a measurement program for measuring the thickness of a covering material such as a heat insulating material when covering a construction surface provided on a wall of a building or a house with the covering material.

Background Art

[0002] Some buildings such as buildings and houses have a heat insulation structure by a spraying method on walls, floors, ceilings, etc. The spraying method is a method of spraying a foamed resin or the like onto a construction surface provided on a wall or the like and solidifying it, and covering the construction surface with a covering material formed by solidifying the foamed resin or the like. Since variations in thickness of the covering material have an adverse effect on the heat insulation performance, thickness measurement is performed after construction in order to make the thickness uniform. Normally, the thickness of the covering material is measured by piercing a needle-shaped measuring tool into the covering material and measuring the thickness at a plurality of locations of the covering material using the measuring tool. However, the work is complicated, and the measurement result varies depending on the way of piercing the measuring tool, resulting in a large measurement error. For this reason, Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed as methods for measuring the thickness of the covering material. Patent Document 1 describes a method for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a covering material constructed on a target site. This method includes a step of acquiring a pre-construction shape including the three-dimensional shape of the target site, a step of acquiring a construction shape including the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the covering material, a step of aligning the pre-construction shape and the construction shape, and a step of calculating a region shape composed of the surface of the covering material and the contact surface between the covering material and the target site from the pre-construction shape and the construction shape. Patent Document 2 describes a method for measuring the thickness of a covering material constructed on a target surface. This method includes a step of acquiring a construction shape including the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the covering material, the three-dimensional coordinates of three or more equidistant points having the same distance from the target surface, and the reference three-dimensional coordinates of one or more reference points whose distance from the target surface is known, and a step of calculating the thickness of the covering material based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the covering material, the three-dimensional coordinates of the equidistant points, and the reference three-dimensional coordinates. Patent Document 3 describes a method for measuring the thickness of a coating material applied to a target surface. This method includes the steps of: obtaining a construction shape that includes four or more reference three-dimensional coordinates whose three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the coating material and distances from the target surface are known; calculating an estimated target surface shape by estimating the target surface based on the four or more reference three-dimensional coordinates; and calculating the thickness of the coating material based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the coating material and the estimated target surface shape. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-76585 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2020 / 179336 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-152497 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] The measurement methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 use measuring instruments such as 3D scanners and reference markers to acquire the three-dimensional shape and three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of a covering material. The reference marker is pin-shaped with a defined overall length and is used by piercing it into the covering material so that its tip reaches the target surface. The measurement method described above allows for the measurement of the thickness of the coating material by comparing the length of the reference marker, which is inserted into the coating material, with the length of the portion protruding from the surface of the coating material, to the total length. Therefore, in order to accurately measure the thickness of the coating material, the reference marker must be inserted so as to be aligned with the thickness direction of the coating material. When inserting a reference marker along the thickness direction of the coating material, the usual method is to ensure that the insertion direction of the reference marker is perpendicular to the surface of the coating material. However, the surface of coating material applied by spraying is not always flat and is often uneven, making it difficult to insert the reference marker perpendicular to the surface of the coating material, which can lead to large measurement errors. Another method to reduce measurement errors is to use other tools such as a spirit level to determine the reference direction of insertion of the reference marker, but this leads to a more complicated and time-consuming work process.

[0005] This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a thickness measurement method, a measuring device, and a measuring program that can easily measure the thickness of a covering material with small measurement errors. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In other words, the present invention is as follows. [1] The thickness measurement method of the present invention is a measurement method for measuring the thickness of a covering material covering a construction surface, Installation step of providing at least one hole in the covering material, penetrating the covering material in the thickness direction such that a portion of the installation surface is exposed to the inner bottom, A first step of obtaining the surface shape and the inner shape of the covering material, including the hole, by measuring the surface shape and the inner shape of the hole, The gist of the invention is to include a calculation step of calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the inner bottom surface of the inner shape of the hole. [2] The thickness measurement method of the present invention further comprises a second step of using the inner bottom surface shape of the inner surface shape of the hole and obtaining the surface shape of the construction surface based on the inner bottom surface shapes obtained from each of the multiple holes, The calculation step described above allows for the calculation of the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the construction surface. [3] In the thickness measurement method of the present invention, the holes can be provided in the shape of grooves that extend along the surface of the covering material. [4] In the thickness measurement method of the present invention, three or more holes can be provided. [5] In the thickness measurement method of the present invention, the covering material may be urethane foam. [6] The measuring device of the present invention is a measuring device for measuring the thickness of a covering material covering a construction surface, The covering material is provided with at least one hole that penetrates the covering material in the thickness direction such that a portion of the application surface is exposed at the inner bottom, The system includes an input unit that receives point cloud data representing the surface shape of the covering material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes, as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates, and a calculation unit that performs calculations using the point cloud data. The aforementioned arithmetic unit, Based on the point cloud data, the surface shape of the coating material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes are obtained. From the aforementioned point cloud data, point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of the hole is obtained. The gist of this method is to calculate the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the inner bottom surface of the hole, based on the surface shape of the covering material and the inner bottom surface shape of the hole. [7] In the measuring device of the present invention, the calculation unit is The surface shape of the construction surface is calculated using the point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of the hole. Based on the surface shape of the covering material and the surface shape of the application surface, the thickness of the covering material can be calculated from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the application surface. [8] The measuring device of the present invention may further include a measuring device connected to the input unit that measures the surface shape of the covering material including the holes and the inner surface shape of the holes, and outputs point cloud data in which they are represented as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates. [9] The measurement program of the present invention is a measurement program that causes a computer to execute the thickness measurement method described in [1], The steps include: acquiring point cloud data that represents the surface shape of the covering material including the hole and the inner surface shape of the hole as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates; A step of obtaining the surface shape of the coating material and the inner surface shape of the hole from the point cloud data; A step of selecting and obtaining point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of at least one of the holes from the point cloud data; The gist is to include a step of calculating the thickness of the coating material from the distance between the surface shape of the coating material and the inner bottom surface shape of the hole.

[10] In the measurement program of the present invention, a step of calculating the surface shape of the construction surface from the point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of at least one of the holes; Further comprising a step of arranging the surface shape of the coating material and the surface shape of the construction surface at each position with the inner surface shape of the hole as a reference for position; The step of calculating the thickness of the coating material can be calculated from the distance between the surface shape of the coating material and the surface shape of the construction surface.

Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, since the thickness of the coating material is measured based on the data of the actual construction surface and the surface of the coating material, the error between the calculated thickness and the actual thickness is small, and the thickness of the entire coating material can be measured.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008] [Figure 1] It is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the thickness measurement method. [Figure 2] It is a perspective view showing the coating material in the installation process. [Figure 3] It is an explanatory diagram explaining the first step and the measuring device. [Figure 4] (a) is an explanatory diagram explaining the second step, and (b) is an explanatory diagram explaining the calculation step. [Figure 5] It is a perspective view showing a hole in another form. [Figure 6] It is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the measurement program.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described. The matters shown here are exemplary and for exemplarily explaining embodiments of the present invention, and are described for the purpose of providing an explanation that can most effectively and easily understand the principle and conceptual features of the present invention. In this regard, it is necessary for a fundamental understanding of the present invention, and it is not intended to show the structural details of the present invention beyond a certain level. This description clarifies to those skilled in the art how some forms of the present invention are actually embodied. In addition, when referring to directions in the following description, based on x, y, and z indicated by arrows in each figure, the x direction is the vertical direction, the y direction is the horizontal direction, and the z direction is the thickness direction. Also, in the thickness direction, the z direction is the tip side, and the direction opposite to the z direction is the base end side.

[0010] 〔1〕Thickness measurement method The thickness measurement method of the present invention is a measurement method for measuring the thickness of a covering material that covers a construction surface, and an installation step (P11) of providing at least one hole in the covering material so that a part of the construction surface is exposed on the inner bottom by penetrating the covering material in the thickness direction; a first step (P21) of measuring the surface shape of the covering material including the hole and the inner surface shape of the hole to obtain the surface shape and the inner surface shape; and a calculation step (P31) of calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the inner bottom surface among the inner surface shapes of the holes, and is characterized by including this (see FIG. 1).

[0011] The thickness measurement method is a method for measuring the thickness of a covering material, and the covering material covers the construction surface by being constructed on the construction surface at a work site or the like. The construction surface is not particularly limited as long as it is covered with a covering material, but usually can be provided on the walls, floors, ceilings, roofs, rooftops, etc. of buildings such as buildings and houses. In addition, the construction surface is not limited to buildings, and can also be provided on the walls, floors, ceilings, etc. of ships, aircraft, railway vehicles, automobiles, and the walls of electrical products such as refrigerators and freezers.

[0012] The covering material is not particularly limited as long as it covers the aforementioned construction surface, but examples include thermal insulation materials, moisture-proofing materials, non-combustible materials, sound-absorbing materials, sound-insulating materials, heat-insulating materials, fire-resistant materials, waterproofing materials, decorative materials, etc. When the construction surface is provided on the wall of a building, etc., the covering material can usually be polyurethane foam used as thermal insulation material, rock wool used as fire-resistant material, etc., or polyurethane resins, acrylic resins, silicone resins, acrylic rubber, etc., used as waterproofing materials or decorative materials. Among the materials mentioned above, urethane foam, particularly rigid urethane foam applied by spraying (for example, rigid urethane foam specified in JIS A9526), ​​is difficult to apply to a uniform thickness, yet a uniform thickness is required to optimally exhibit thermal insulation performance, making it useful as a measurement target in the thickness measurement method of the present invention. In the following text, unless otherwise specified, the application surface is assumed to be a wall of a building, and the covering material is assumed to be rigid polyurethane foam applied by spraying.

[0013] The following describes each step involved in the thickness measurement method. (1) Installation process The installation step (P11) of the thickness measurement method is the step of creating holes in the covering material that covers the construction surface (see Figure 1). The holes serve as the measurement reference in the thickness measurement method of the present invention, and at least one is provided in the covering material.

[0014] During the installation process, the hole 13 is provided to penetrate the covering material 12 in the thickness direction (see Figure 2). At the tip of the hole 13, a portion of the installation surface 11 is exposed at the inner bottom, and the base end opens outward on the surface of the covering material 12. Specifically, the hole 13 has a base opening 13A that is open outward on the surface 12A of the covering material 12, and an inner bottom surface 13B which is a part of the construction surface 11 that is exposed inside the hole 13. This hole 13 makes it possible to measure the construction surface 11 by measuring from the base opening 13A to the inner bottom surface 13B, even when the construction surface 11 is covered with the covering material 12. The method for forming the holes 13 in the installation process is not particularly limited. Typically, a method for forming the holes 13 is to use a tool such as a hole saw to cut out a portion of the covering material 12 to form the holes 13. Another method of formation is to apply masking tape in the shape of the holes to the construction surface, apply the urethane foam covering material by spray application, and then remove the masking tape to form the holes.

[0015] The number of holes 13 provided in the covering material 12 is not particularly limited as long as there is one or more, but if there are three or more, the surface shape of the construction surface 11 can be obtained based on the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of the multiple holes 13, thereby improving the accuracy of thickness measurement. When multiple holes 13 are provided, the relative positions of the holes 13 are not particularly limited. Typically, the relative positions of the holes 13 can be such that multiple holes are aligned along at least one of the vertical (x-direction) and horizontal (y-direction) directions. Furthermore, by providing four holes 13 at the four corners of the surface 12A of the covering material 12, or by providing multiple holes 13 along the periphery of the surface 12A of the covering material 12, the relative positions of the holes 13 can be such that they are aligned along the outer circumference of the construction surface 11. When multiple holes 13 are provided, the spacing between the holes 13 is not particularly limited. Specifically, the spacing between the holes 13 can be 0.1m to 10m, which is the length between the centers of their respective base end openings 13A. Preferably, the spacing between the holes 13 can be 0.3m to 7m, and more preferably 1m to 5m.

[0016] The external shape of the base opening 13A and the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13 is not particularly limited. Their external shapes can usually be circular. In addition to circular shapes, the external shapes can also be, for example, elliptical, triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, or other polygonal shapes. The outer shape of the cross-section of the hole 13 is not particularly limited in the vertical (x-direction) or horizontal (y-direction), but it can usually be a shape in which the two opposing surfaces extending in the thickness direction (z-direction) are parallel to each other, such as a rectangle, square, rhombus, or parallelogram. Alternatively, the outer shape of the cross-section can be a tapered shape in which the two opposing surfaces extending in the thickness direction (z-direction) become closer to each other as they approach the tip or base end. Furthermore, the hole 13 can be made into a groove that extends along the surface of the covering material 12 by, for example, making the outer shape of the base opening 13A and the inner bottom surface 13B rectangular (see Figure 5). When the hole 13 is made into a groove, the area of ​​the inner bottom surface 13B is increased, which expands the measurement area of ​​the construction surface 11 and reduces measurement errors in thickness measurement.

[0017] In the hole 13, the size of the base opening 13A is not particularly limited and can be set to a size that allows for measurement of the construction surface 11, which is the inner bottom surface 13B. The size of this base opening 13A can be determined according to the outer shape of the base opening 13A. If the external shape is circular, the diameter can be between 10 mm and 200 mm. If the external shape is elliptical or polygonal, the maximum width can be between 10 mm and 200 mm. The diameter or maximum width can preferably be 30 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and more preferably 50 mm or more and 70 mm or less.

[0018] In the hole 13, the direction of extension from the base to the tip is not particularly limited, but it can usually be a direction along the thickness direction (z direction) of the coating material 12, in other words, a direction straight in the thickness direction (z direction). This direction along the thickness direction can also be said to be perpendicular to the surface of the coating material 12. That is, the direction of extension of the hole 13 from the base to the tip can be perpendicular to the surface of the coating material 12. Furthermore, in the hole 13, the direction of extension from the base end to the tip can be oblique to the thickness direction (z direction). When the direction of extension of the hole 13 is oblique to the thickness direction (z direction), it is preferable that it be in a direction that allows measurement of the construction surface 11, which is the inner bottom surface 13B, from the base end opening 13A. Specifically, the elongation direction of the hole 13 can be such that the angle between it and the thickness direction (z-direction) is preferably 0 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less, more preferably 0 degrees or more and 20 degrees or less, and even more preferably 0 degrees or more and 10 degrees or less.

[0019] (2) First step The first step (P21) of the thickness measurement method is to acquire the surface shape of the coating material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes (see Figure 1). Specifically, the first step is performed by using a measuring device 21 to scan the surface shape of the coating material 12, including the holes 13, and the inner surface shape of the holes 13, as shown in Figure 3, and to acquire those shapes. As described above, the hole 13 has an inner bottom surface 13B which is part of the construction surface 11 that is exposed on its inside. In other words, the first step can also be described as a step of acquiring the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B included in the acquired inner surface shape of the hole 13 as the surface shape of a part of the construction surface 11.

[0020] The measuring device 21 is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of measuring the surface shape of the coating material 12. Examples of measuring devices 21 include 3D scanners and stereo cameras. Examples of 3D scanners include LIDAR and TOF (Time-of-Flight) types. The LIDAR method involves irradiating the surface to be measured with pulsed laser light, measuring the scattered light, and calculating the 3D coordinates of the surface based on the distance to the surface. The TOF method measures the time it takes for pulsed laser light emitted from a sensor to return to the photodetector within the sensor, converts this time into distance to the surface, and calculates the 3D coordinates of the surface based on the distance to the surface. A stereo camera typically uses two cameras to image the surface to be measured, calculates the distance to the surface based on the principle of triangulation from these images, and then calculates the 3D shape of the surface based on that distance. In the case of an active stereo system, one of the two cameras is used as a projector to project patterned light, in which case the 3D shape can be calculated with just one camera.

[0021] Both the 3D scanner and the stereo camera mentioned above can be used as measuring devices 21, but the 3D scanner is particularly useful as a measuring device 21 for thickness measurement because it can calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface to be measured and use this data in various ways. When a 3D scanner is used in the measuring device 21, the calculated three-dimensional coordinates can represent the position of any point on the surface of the coating material 12 and the position of any point on the inner surface of the hole 13 using three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate values. Therefore, by combining multiple points represented by three-dimensional coordinates, the surface shape of the coating material 12 and the inner surface shape of the hole 13 can be calculated.

[0022] The data format of the 3D coordinates is not particularly limited, as long as it is a format that can be processed by the measuring device 30 that uses the data. Examples of data formats include point cloud data consisting of a set of coordinate values ​​in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (x,y,z), mesh data consisting of a set of only the outer surfaces of the object being measured, and volume data consisting of voxels representing the entire object being measured, including information about its interior. Among these, point cloud data is highly versatile and can be used for various purposes and applications, making it a useful data format for 3D coordinates used in thickness measurement methods.

[0023] (3)Second process In addition to the first step (P21) described above, the thickness measurement method may further include a second step (P23) depending on whether the surface shape of the construction surface is required (P22) (see Figure 1). The second step (P23) is the process of obtaining the surface shape of the construction surface.

[0024] In other words, in the first step (P21), the shape of a portion of the surface of the construction area can be obtained from the shape of the inner bottom surface included in the acquired inner shape of the hole. Therefore, by using the surface shape of a portion of the construction area, the thickness of the covering material can be calculated without requiring the surface shape of the construction area (P22; no). On the other hand, if the surface shape of the construction surface is required after the first step (P22; yes), the surface shape of the construction surface can be obtained in the second step and used to calculate the thickness of the covering material.

[0025] Reasons for requiring the surface shape of the construction surface include visualizing the measurement results in the thickness measurement method and improving the accuracy of the measurement. For example, since the construction surface is often flat, in this case, the thickness of the covering material can be calculated by using the surface shape of a part of the construction surface 11. On the other hand, when pipes are laid inside walls, or when walls meet, the construction surface becomes uneven. In such cases, calculating the thickness of the covering material using only a portion of the surface shape of the construction surface is prone to errors, so the surface shape of the construction surface is necessary.

[0026] In the second step, when obtaining the surface shape of the construction surface, multiple holes are used, and the inner bottom surface shape of each hole is utilized. Based on these multiple inner bottom surface shapes, the surface shape of the construction surface is calculated. Specifically, the second step is performed by using a measuring device 30, which is an electronic computer, to calculate the surface shape of the construction surface 11 using the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of the inner surface shape of the hole 13 obtained in the first step described above (see Figure 3). In other words, since the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13 is a part of the surface shape of the construction surface 11, by utilizing this, and using multiple (at least three or more) holes 13, the surface shape of the construction surface 11 can be estimated from the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of each hole 13, thereby calculating the surface shape of the construction surface 11.

[0027] As shown in Figure 4(a), the inner surface shape of each of the multiple (four in Figure 4(a)) holes 13 provided in the covering material 12 is obtained in the first step, and these inner surface shapes include the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of each hole 13. For example, if the measuring device 21 used in the first step is a 3D scanner, the inner surface shape of each hole 13 is acquired as point cloud data consisting of a set of three-dimensional coordinates, and this point cloud data includes point cloud data corresponding to the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of each hole 13.

[0028] When acquiring the surface shape of the construction surface 11, the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B is selected and extracted from the inner surface shape of each hole 13. Specifically, this extraction is performed by selecting point cloud data, etc., corresponding to the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B from the point cloud data, etc., related to the inner surface shape of the hole 13. After extracting the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of each hole 13, the shape of the estimated surface 11A is calculated based on the shapes of these inner bottom surfaces 13B and the shapes of the multiple inner bottom surfaces 13B. Specifically, an estimated surface 11A containing positional information (point cloud data, etc.) of each inner bottom surface 13B is estimated within the area enclosed by the multiple inner bottom surfaces 13B, and the shape of that estimated surface 11A is calculated.

[0029] In the second step, the estimated surface 11A described above is considered as the construction surface 11, and the calculated shape of the estimated surface 11A can be obtained as the surface shape of the construction surface 11. When acquiring the surface shape of the construction surface 11, the selection of the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B from the inner surface shape of the hole 13 can be done by manually indicating the position of the inner bottom surface 13B by the worker, or by having the calculation unit or data processing unit of a computer (electronic calculator) automatically recognize it.

[0030] When estimating and calculating the shape of the estimated surface 11A from the shapes of multiple inner base surfaces 13B, for example, if the multiple inner base surfaces 13B exist on approximately the same plane, the average plane can be calculated using known methods such as finding the least squares plane for the 3D coordinates from point cloud data of the 3D coordinates of the multiple inner base surfaces 13B using the least squares method, and the shape of the estimated surface 11A can be calculated using this average plane as the estimated surface 11A. Alternatively, an average surface can be calculated for each inner bottom surface 13B using the known method described above from point cloud data in 3D coordinates, multiple average surfaces can be fitted based on 3D coordinates and combined to form an estimated surface 11A, and the shape of the estimated surface 11A can be calculated.

[0031] (4) Calculation process The calculation process included in the thickness measurement method is the process of calculating the thickness of the covering material (see Figure 1). This calculation process is performed by using a measuring device 30, which is an electronic computer, to calculate the thickness T of the covering material 12 by utilizing the surface shape of the covering material 12 and the inner surface shape of the holes 13 obtained in the first step described above, or the surface shape of the construction surface 11 obtained in the second step in addition to the shape obtained in the first step.

[0032] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4(b), the calculation process allows for the calculation of the thickness T of the covering material 12 from the distance between the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13 (a part of the surface of the construction surface 11). Specifically, in the first step, point cloud data in three-dimensional coordinates is acquired regarding the surface shape of the covering material 12, and in the hole portion 13, point cloud data in three-dimensional coordinates is acquired regarding the inner surface shape, including the inner bottom surface 13B which is part of the surface of the construction surface 11. Therefore, by using the acquired three-dimensional coordinates, as shown in Figure 4(b), the distance between the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13 can be calculated from their positional relationship, and the calculated distance can be considered as the thickness T of the covering material 12, thereby allowing the thickness T to be measured.

[0033] In the calculation process, if the surface shape of the work surface 11 has been obtained in the second step described above, the thickness T of the covering material 12 can be calculated from the distance between the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and the work surface 11. In other words, in the second step, three-dimensional coordinates can be obtained regarding the surface shape of the work surface 11. By using these obtained three-dimensional coordinates, as shown in Figure 4(b), the distance between the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and the work surface 11 can be calculated from their positional relationship. The calculated distance can then be considered as the thickness T of the covering material 12, and the thickness T can be measured.

[0034] When calculating the thickness T of the covering material 12 using the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13 acquired in the first step as a part of the surface of the construction surface 11, the average surface can be calculated using a known method from the point cloud data of the three-dimensional coordinates of the inner bottom surface 13B, and this average surface can be used as a virtual construction surface 11. Then, the distance between the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and the virtual construction surface 11 can be calculated from their positional relationship, and this calculated distance can be considered as the thickness T of the covering material 12, allowing the thickness T to be measured.

[0035] When calculating the distance between the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and the inner bottom surface 13B, the construction surface 11, or a virtual construction surface 11, etc., using three-dimensional coordinates, the calculation of this distance can be performed over points across the entire surface of the covering material 12. In other words, for any point on the surface of the covering material 12, the interval at that point can be calculated by extracting a point from the three-dimensional coordinate system relating to the surface shape of the inner bottom surface 13B, the construction surface 11, or the virtual construction surface 11, where the coordinate values ​​in the vertical direction (x direction) and the horizontal direction (y direction) coincide with that point, and then calculating the difference in the coordinate values ​​in the thickness direction (z direction) between that point and the extracted point.

[0036] The calculation of the intervals across all points on the surface of the covering material 12 described above can be substantially performed, in the case of the construction surface 11 or a virtual construction surface 11, by calculating the difference in coordinate values ​​across all points on the surface of the covering material 12. Furthermore, in the case of the inner bottom surface 13B, the process can be virtually performed by calculating the spacing at a certain point on the surface of the covering material 12, and then using that point as a reference to calculate the deviation for all points on the surface of the covering material 12. Then, by calculating the spacing between points across the entire surface of the covering material 12, the total thickness T of the covering material 12, including the uneven shape of its surface 12A, can be obtained.

[0037] (5) Others The thickness measurement method may further include the following steps after the calculation step described above. In the calculation process, if the total thickness T of the coating material 12 is obtained, including the uneven shape of its surface 12A, an image display step may be provided to display the distribution of the unevenness on the surface 12A in an image shown with color or shading. In this case, by visualizing the unevenness of the surface 12A of the coating material 12, the unevenness can be easily recognized. If the thickness T of the covering material 12 is specified, a defect display step can be provided in which areas where the thickness T is outside the specified range are treated as defective areas, and an image indicating these defective areas is displayed. Typically, the thickness T of the covering material 12 can be set to 10 mm or more and 500 mm or less, depending on the construction conditions, when the covering material 12 is urethane foam. When a defect indication process is included, the thickness T of the covering material to be applied and the allowable range of thickness T (for example, ±10 mm, 0 to +10 mm relative to thickness T, etc.) are set, making it easy to identify areas of application defects where the thickness T is below or above the specified range (or allowable range). In the defect marking process, areas with construction defects can be visually identified by coloring or other means, such as areas where the thickness is insufficient or excessive. Furthermore, in the defect indication process, the results of the installation defects in the thickness T of the coating material 12 can be projected directly onto the surface 12A of the coating material 12 at actual size using a projector or the like. In this case, since the installation defects can be directly identified on the surface 12A of the installed coating material 12, the installation defects can be corrected simply and accurately. The installation process may include a finishing process in which the holes 13 provided in the covering material 12 are filled in, and / or the surface 12A of the covering material 12 is filled in, scraped, etc., to finish the surface 12A of the covering material 12. In this case, the covering material 12 can be finished to a predetermined thickness.

[0038] [2] Measuring device The measuring device of the present invention measures the thickness of a covering material covering a construction surface, The covering material is provided with at least one hole that penetrates the covering material in the thickness direction such that a portion of the application surface is exposed at the inner bottom, The system includes an input unit that receives point cloud data representing the surface shape of the covering material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes, as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates, and a calculation unit that performs calculations using the point cloud data. The aforementioned arithmetic unit, Based on the point cloud data, the surface shape of the coating material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes are obtained. From the aforementioned point cloud data, point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of the hole is obtained. The method is characterized by calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the inner bottom surface of the hole, based on the surface shape of the covering material and the inner bottom surface shape of the hole.

[0039] Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a measuring device as a specific example. The measuring device 30 measures the thickness of the coating material 12, and a computer equipped with a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) can be used to execute the thickness measurement method and measurement program of the present invention. Examples of electronic computers that can be used in the measuring device 30 include personal computers and portable information terminals such as smartphones and tablets.

[0040] The measuring device 30 includes an input unit 31 and a calculation unit 32. The input unit 31 is for inputting point cloud data that represents the shape of the surface 12A of the covering material 12, including the holes 13, and the inner surface shape of the holes 13, as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates. The input unit 31 is not particularly limited as long as it can input point cloud data, but specific examples include a connection device such as a USB terminal for connecting the measuring device 21, a communication device such as a wireless LAN for communicating with the measuring device 21, a reader device for reading data stored in the storage, and an input device such as a keyboard or touch panel.

[0041] The calculation unit 32 uses the point cloud data input from the input unit 31 to perform calculation processing related to the execution of the thickness measurement method and measurement program of the present invention. The calculation unit 32 includes a storage unit 321 and a data processing unit 322 for utilizing point cloud data and performing calculation processing. The storage unit 321 stores the point cloud data input from the input unit 31, and can use well-known storage devices such as SSDs, HDDs, and EEPROMs. The data processing unit 322 reads the point cloud data stored in the storage unit 321 during calculation processing and performs necessary data extraction, selection, processing, etc. It can use memory such as RAM and a processor such as a CPU.

[0042] The calculation unit 32 uses the storage unit 321 and the data processing unit 322 to perform calculation processing in order to execute the thickness measurement method of the present invention, particularly the first step and the calculation step of the thickness measurement method. Specifically, during the calculation process, the calculation unit 32 uses the storage unit 321 to acquire the shape of the surface 12A of the covering material 12, including the holes 13, and the inner surface shape of the holes 13, as point cloud data in three-dimensional coordinates. The calculation unit 32 uses the data processing unit 322 to select and extract point cloud data relating to the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13 from the point cloud data acquired from the storage unit 321, and acquires it. The calculation unit 32 then uses point cloud data relating to the shape of the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and point cloud data relating to the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B to calculate the distance between the surface 12A and the inner bottom surface 13B of the covering material 12 based on three-dimensional coordinates, and calculates this distance as the thickness T of the covering material 12.

[0043] Furthermore, the calculation unit 32 can perform calculation processing in order to execute a second step in addition to the first step and calculation step of the thickness measurement method. In this case, the calculation unit 32 uses the acquired point cloud data relating to the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13, and calculates an estimated surface 11A, which is the average surface of the multiple inner bottom surfaces 13B, from the point cloud data relating to the shape of the inner bottom surfaces 13B of multiple holes 13, using a known method based on three-dimensional coordinates. The calculation unit 32 can use this estimated surface 11A as the construction surface 11 and calculate three-dimensional coordinate data relating to the surface shape of the construction surface 11. The data format of the calculated three-dimensional coordinates relating to the surface shape of the construction surface 11 is not particularly limited and can be, for example, function data representing three-dimensional coordinates. The calculation unit 32 then uses point cloud data relating to the shape of the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and three-dimensional coordinate data relating to the surface shape of the construction surface 11 to calculate the distance between the surface 12A of the covering material 12 and the construction surface 11 based on the three-dimensional coordinates, and can calculate that distance as the thickness T of the covering material 12.

[0044] The above-mentioned arithmetic unit 32 may further include a 3D model forming unit 323 in addition to the storage unit 321 and the data processing unit 322. The 3D model forming unit 323 is used to form a 3D model of the object based on three-dimensional coordinates, using the point cloud data and function data mentioned above. In other words, if the calculation unit 32 has a 3D model forming unit 323, the shape of the surface 12A of the covering material 12, the inner surface shape of the hole 13, the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of the hole 13, the surface shape of the construction surface 11, etc., can be visualized using a 3D model that is a three-dimensional representation of these shapes based on three-dimensional coordinates.

[0045] The measuring device 30 described above may further include an output unit 33 in addition to the input unit 31 and the calculation unit 32. The output unit 33 is for outputting calculation results and other results from the calculation unit 32, and can use the aforementioned connection device, communication device, etc. Furthermore, when visualizing the shape of the surface 12A of the covering material 12, the inner surface shape of the holes 13, the shape of the inner bottom surface 13B of the holes 13, the surface shape of the construction surface 11, etc., using a 3D model, a display 34 can be connected to the output unit 33 so that workers can view the 3D model. Furthermore, 3D models can be converted to obtain 3D CAD data. Once 3D CAD data is obtained, it is possible to use the 3D CAD software that incorporates this data to place and display 3D models of covering materials on 3D models of buildings and other structures at construction sites. This also allows for the display of the thickness of the covering materials on the 3D models of buildings and other structures, as well as editing of the displayed content.

[0046] The measuring device 30 can store the range of the thickness T of the covering material 12 in the storage unit 321 of the calculation unit 32, etc., by utilizing the input unit 31. In this case, the measuring device 30 can determine whether the calculated thickness of the covering material 12 is within or outside the range based on the stored thickness range T of the covering material 12. If the thickness of the covering material 12 is outside the range, the measuring device 30 can visualize and display the portion of the surface 12A of the covering material 12 where the thickness is outside the range on the display 34 connected to the output unit 33. There are no particular limitations on the method for visualizing areas outside the range, but examples include coloring the area or changing the shade of the area compared to other areas.

[0047] The measuring device 30 may be configured to further include the measuring device 21. This measuring device 21 measures the shape of the surface 12A of the covering material 12, including the holes 13, and the inner surface shape of the holes 13, and outputs point cloud data that represents them as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates. A specific example of this is the aforementioned 3D scanner. When the measuring device 30 includes a measuring device 21, the measuring device 21 can usually be configured to be connected to the input unit 31 of the measuring device 30. Alternatively, the measuring device 21 can be equipped with the functions performed by the measuring device 30 described above, in which case it can also be used as the measuring device 30.

[0048] [3] Measurement program The measurement program of the present invention is a program that causes a computer to execute the thickness measurement method of the present invention. Step (S211): Obtain point cloud data representing the surface shape of the covering material including the holes and the inner surface shape of the holes as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates. Step (S212) to obtain the surface shape of the coating material and the inner surface shape of the holes from the point cloud data, The steps include: selecting and acquiring point cloud data of at least one inner bottom surface shape of the hole from the point cloud data (S213); The method is characterized by comprising the step (S31) of calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface shape of the covering material and the inner bottom surface shape of the hole (see Figure 6).

[0049] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing a specific example of a measurement program. In step (S211) of the measurement program, point cloud data is acquired that represents the surface shape of the coating material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes, as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates. This step (S211) is the first step of the thickness measurement method and can be executed when the measurement results from a measuring device such as a 3D scanner, with the surface of the coating material and the inner surface of the holes as the measurement targets, are input into and stored in the aforementioned measuring device. In step (S212), the surface shape of the coating material and the inner surface shape of the holes are obtained from the point cloud data acquired in the previous step (S211). This step (S212) is a step related to the first step of the thickness measurement method and can be executed as a calculation process in the calculation unit of the measuring device described above.

[0050] In step (S213), point cloud data relating to the shape of the inner bottom surface of the hole is selected and acquired from the point cloud data relating to the inner surface shape of the hole acquired in the previous step (S212). Also, in step (S213), if multiple data relating to the hole have been acquired, data relating to at least one hole is selected and acquired. This step (S213) is a step relating to the first step of the thickness measurement method and can be executed as a calculation process in the calculation unit of the measuring device described above.

[0051] In step (S31), the thickness of the covering material is calculated. This step (S31) is a step related to the calculation process of the thickness measurement method and can be executed as a calculation process in the calculation unit of the measuring device described above. In step (S31), the thickness of the covering material can be calculated by using the surface shape of the covering material obtained in the previous step (S211) and the shape of the inner bottom surface of the hole obtained in the previous step (S213). In other words, in step (S31), based on the three-dimensional coordinates relating to the surface shape of the covering material and the three-dimensional coordinates relating to the shape of the inner bottom surface, the distance between the surface and the inner bottom surface of the covering material is calculated from the three-dimensional coordinates of each other, and this distance is obtained as the thickness of the covering material.

[0052] The measurement program described above may further include the steps of: calculating the surface shape of the construction surface from point cloud data of the inner bottom shape of at least one hole (S231); and arranging the surface shape of the covering material and the surface shape of the construction surface at their respective positions using the inner surface shape of the hole as a position reference (S232). In other words, the measurement program may include a step (S22) after step (S211) to determine whether the surface shape of the construction surface is necessary. If it is determined in step (S22) that the surface shape of the construction surface is not necessary (S22; no), then step (S31) is executed. On the other hand, if it is determined in step (S22) that the surface shape of the construction surface is necessary (S22; yes), then step (S231) is executed. If the necessity of a specific surface shape for the construction surface is determined from the outset, step (S22) can be omitted. In this case, the process may proceed from step (S211) to step (S231) or step (S31) as the next step.

[0053] Steps (S231) and (S232) are steps related to the second step of the thickness measurement method. In step (S231), the surface shape of the construction surface is calculated. This step (S231) can be executed as a calculation process in the calculation unit of the measuring device described above. Specifically, in step (S231), point cloud data relating to the shape of the inner bottom surface of each of the multiple holes is used to calculate an estimated surface which is the average surface of the multiple inner bottom surfaces, and this estimated surface is used as the construction surface to calculate function data, etc., that shows the 3D coordinates as the surface shape of the construction surface.

[0054] In step (S232), the surface shape of the covering material obtained in the previous step (S212) and the surface shape of the construction surface obtained in step (S231) are placed in their respective positions. This step (S231) can be executed as a calculation process in the calculation unit of the measuring device described above. The arrangement in step (S232) can be performed using the inner surface shape of the hole as the reference point for position. In other words, the base opening of the hole is located on the surface of the covering material, and the inner bottom surface is located on the construction surface. Therefore, by using the three-dimensional coordinates of the base opening and the inner bottom surface as a reference, the surface shape of the covering material and the surface shape of the construction surface can be positioned in a substantially accurate positional relationship.

[0055] In step (S31), which is performed after step (S232), the thickness of the covering material can be calculated by using the surface shape of the covering material and the surface shape of the application surface. In other words, in step (S31), based on the three-dimensional coordinates relating to the surface shape of the covering material and the three-dimensional coordinates relating to the surface shape of the construction surface, the distance between the surface of the covering material and the construction surface is calculated from the three-dimensional coordinates of each other, and this distance is obtained as the thickness of the covering material. [Industrial applicability]

[0056] In the field of construction, when a coating material such as urethane foam is sprayed onto a construction surface such as a wall, the thickness of the coating material can be easily measured with a small measurement error by using the present invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0057] 11; Construction side, 11A; Estimated side, 12; Covering material, 12A; Surface, 13; hole, 13A; proximal opening, 13B; inner bottom surface, 21; Measuring device, 30; measuring device, 31; input unit, 32; calculation unit, 321; storage unit, 322; data processing unit, 323; 3D model forming unit, 33; output unit, 34; display.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the thickness of a covering material that covers a construction surface, Installation step of providing at least one hole in the covering material, penetrating the covering material in the thickness direction such that a portion of the installation surface is exposed to the inner bottom, A first step of obtaining the surface shape and the inner shape of the covering material, including the hole, by measuring the surface shape and the inner shape of the hole, A thickness measurement method characterized by comprising a calculation step of calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the inner bottom surface of the inner shape of the hole.

2. The process further comprises a second step of using the inner bottom shape of the inner surface of the hole and obtaining the surface shape of the construction surface based on the inner bottom shapes obtained from each of the multiple holes, The thickness measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation step involves calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the construction surface.

3. The thickness measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the hole portion is provided in the shape of a groove extending along the surface of the covering material.

4. The thickness measurement method according to claim 1, wherein three or more holes are provided.

5. The method for measuring thickness according to claim 1, wherein the covering material is urethane foam.

6. A measuring device for measuring the thickness of a covering material covering a construction surface, The covering material is provided with at least one hole that penetrates the covering material in the thickness direction such that a portion of the application surface is exposed at the inner bottom, The system includes an input unit that receives point cloud data representing the surface shape of the covering material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes, as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates, and a calculation unit that performs calculations using the point cloud data. The aforementioned arithmetic unit, Based on the point cloud data, the surface shape of the coating material, including the holes, and the inner surface shape of the holes are obtained. From the aforementioned point cloud data, point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of the hole is obtained. A measuring device characterized by calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the inner bottom surface of the hole, based on the surface shape of the covering material and the inner bottom surface shape of the hole.

7. The aforementioned arithmetic unit, The surface shape of the construction surface is calculated using the point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of the hole. The measuring device according to claim 6, which calculates the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface of the covering material and the construction surface, based on the surface shape of the covering material and the surface shape of the construction surface.

8. The measuring apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a measuring device connected to the input unit, which measures the surface shape of the covering material including the holes and the inner surface shape of the holes, and outputs point cloud data representing them as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates.

9. A measurement program that causes a computer to execute the thickness measurement method described in claim 1, The steps include: acquiring point cloud data that represents the surface shape of the covering material including the hole and the inner surface shape of the hole as a point cloud in three-dimensional coordinates; The steps include obtaining the surface shape of the coating material and the inner surface shape of the holes from the point cloud data, The steps include selecting and acquiring point cloud data of at least one inner bottom surface shape of the hole from the point cloud data, A measurement program characterized by comprising the step of calculating the thickness of the covering material from the distance between the surface shape of the covering material and the inner bottom surface shape of the hole.

10. A step of calculating the surface shape of the construction surface from point cloud data of the inner bottom surface shape of at least one of the holes, The further step is to position the surface shape of the covering material and the surface shape of the construction surface at their respective positions, using the inner surface shape of the hole as a position reference. The measurement program according to claim 9, wherein the step of calculating the thickness of the covering material is calculated from the distance between the surface shape of the covering material and the surface shape of the construction surface.

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