Mandarin plant named ‘Mikanken4’
The new mandarin variety 'Mikanken4' addresses the lack of distinct features in existing cultivars by combining 'Kiyomi' and 'MINEOLA' traits, achieving unique leaf and fruit characteristics and enhanced fruit production with medium storage capability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- US18/944163
- Authority / Receiving Office
- US · United States
- Patent Type
- Patents(United States)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-11-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing mandarin varieties lack distinct characteristics such as very small leaf blade length/width ratio, late maturity, absence of fruit neck, and specific fruit shape, which are not adequately addressed by existing cultivars like 'Kiyomi', 'MINEOLA', and 'Ehimekashi48'.
Development of a new mandarin variety 'Mikanken4' through asexual reproduction, combining 'Kiyomi' and 'MINEOLA' parent varieties, resulting in unique features like very small leaf blade ratio, late fruit maturity, and absence of neck, with fruits having a flattened proximal part.
The new variety 'Mikanken4' exhibits distinct characteristics that differentiate it from its parents and reference variety, offering improved fruit production and medium fruit storage ability, with normal disease and pest resistance.
Smart Images

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Abstract
Description
[0001] Common name: Mandarin.
[0002] Botanical classification: Citrus spp.
[0003] Variety denomination: ‘Mikanken4’.BACKGROUND OF THE NEW VARIETY
[0004] The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Mandarin, Citrus L., which has been given the variety denomination ‘Mikanken4’.ORIGIN OF THE VARIETY
[0005] The parent varieties are ‘Kiyomi’ (female parent) (not patented in the U.S.) and MINEOLA' (male parent) (not patented in the U.S.), respectively.
[0006] The variety was developed and propagated in Uwajima, Ehime, Japan.
[0007] The variety was reproduced asexually by vegetative reproduction by top grafting one-year-old scions on rootstocks in Uwajima, Ehime, Japan. The rootstock variety was ‘MIYAGAWAWASE’ (not patented in the U.S.)
[0008] In 1989, the parent varieties were crossed.
[0009] In 1990, collected seeds were grown.
[0010] In 1992, saplings were grafted on top of rootstock ‘MIYAGAWAWASE’ (not patented in the U.S.)
[0011] In 1995, the first fruit was harvested, and lines were primary selected.
[0012] In 1997, plants were secondary selected, and the variety was named ‘Mikanken4’.
[0013] In 2024, breeding was completed with determination of distinct, uniform, and stable (DUS) status confirmed, and the variety was named ‘Mikanken 4’.
[0014] Cultivation of the variety does not require special conditions or treatments.
[0015] The variety is currently mainly intended for fruit production.SUMMARY OF THE VARIETY
[0016] The new mandarin plant ‘Mikanken4’ has leaf blades with very small length / width ratio, fruit with dark orange surface color, and late maturity for consumption (typically May), which distinguish ‘Mikanken4’ from its female parent ‘Kiyomi’.
[0017] Further, the new mandarin plant ‘Mikanken4’ has fruit with an absence of neck, which distinguishes it notably from its male parent ‘MINEOLA’.
[0018] Also, the new mandarin plant ‘Mikanken4’ having leaf blades with very small length / width ratio, and late maturity for consumption (typically May), and its fruit having a proximal part with a flattened general shape, distinguish it notably from the comparative variety ‘Ehimekashi48’,
[0019] A comparison with the female parent ‘KIYOMI’ is as follows (evaluation based on averages):
[0020] TABLE 1Female parentPresent varietyNo.Characteristics‘KIYOMI’‘Mikanken4’16Leaf blade: ratio length / widthSmall (2.2)Very small (1.9)83Fruit surface: predominantYellow orangeOrangecolor(s)RHS 17ARHS N25C119 Time of maturity of fruit forMedium (March)Late (May)consumption
[0021] A comparison with the male parent ‘MINEOLA’ is as follows (evaluation based on averages):
[0022] TABLE 2Male parentPresent varietyNo.Characteristics‘MINEOLA’‘Mikanken4’66Fruit: presence of neckPresentAbsent
[0023] A comparison with the reference variety ‘Ehimekashi48’ is as follows (evaluation based on averages):
[0024] TABLE 3Reference varietyPresent varietyNo.Characteristics‘Ehimekashi48’‘Mikanken4’16Leaf blade: ratio length / widthSmall (2.2)Very small (1.9)65Fruit: general shape of Strongly roundedFlattenedproximal part119 Time of maturity of fruit forMedium (March)Late (May)consumptionBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In the accompanying drawings, which are as nearly true as is reasonable possible to make in a color illustration of this type:
[0026] FIG. 1 is a color photograph showing a general view of the mandarin plant ‘Mikanken4’ bearing fruits;
[0027] FIG. 2 is a color photograph showing leaves of ‘Mikanken4’
[0028] FIG. 3 is a color photograph showing flowers of ‘Mikanken4’;
[0029] FIG. 4 is a color photograph showing fruits of ‘Mikanken4’;
[0030] FIG. 5 is a color photograph showing the leaves of ‘Mikanken4’ and its female parent ‘KIYOMI’, illustrating the difference in the predominant color of fruit surface;
[0031] FIG. 6 is a color photograph showing fruits of ‘Mikanken4’ and the comparative variety ‘Ehimekashi48’, illustrating the difference in the general shape of the proximal part.
[0032] Due to chemical and / or digital development, processing and printing, the plants or portions of plants depicted in the photographs may or may not be precisely accurate, when compared to the actual botanical specimens.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0033] The botanical description and the photographs are of the ‘Mikanken4’ plants evaluated in 2024 (including for the comparison with the reference plants ‘KIYOMI’ and ‘Ehimekashi48’). Values as provided are averages.
[0034] The plants shown on the photographs were grown at Uwajima, Ehime, Japan. The plant is a 15-year grown after top grafting. The tree was photographed on Mar. 25, 2024, the flowers were photographed on Apr. 25, 2024, the mature leaves were photographed on Mar. 25, 2024, and the fruit were photographed on Mar. 29, 2024.
[0035] Colors are given according to the RHS (Royal Horticultural Society) Colour Chart (Fourth Ed., 2001).BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
[0036] TABLE 4No.CharacteristicsStatesValues1.PloidyDiploid2.Tree: growth habitSpreading3.Tree: density of spinesIntermediate4.Tree: length of spinesShort2.2 cm5.Tree height2.7 m6.Tree spread3.2 m7.Trunk diameter27.7 cm8.Trunk textureRough9.Trunk colorGreen brownRHS 152B10.Crotch angle47.5°11.Branch lengthShort9.8 cm12.Branch textureSmooth13.Branch colorBrown greenRHS 146A14.Leaf blade: length (apical leaflet in case Medium8.0 cmof compound leaf)15.Leaf blade: width (as for 5)Medium4.3 cm16.Leaf blade: ratio length / width (as for 5)Very small1.917.Leaf blade: shape in cross section Intermediate(as for 5)18.Leaf blade: twistingAbsent orweak19.Leaf blade: blisteringAbsent orweak20.Leaf blade: green colorMedium21.Leaf blade: undulation of marginIntermediate22.Leaf blade: incisions of marginAbsent23.Leaf blade: shape of apexAcute24.Leaf blade: emargination at tipPresent25.Leaf blade sizeMedium22.4 cm2(length 8.0cm, width4.3 cm)26.Leaf arrangementAlternate27.Leaf typeSimple leaf28.Leaf shapeFusiform29.Leaf color: upper surfaceDark greenRHS 141A30.Leaf color: lower surfaceBrown greenRHS 137D31.Petiole: lengthMedium1.8 cm32.Petiole: presence of wingsPresent33.Petiole diameterMedium1.8 mm34.Petiole colorDark greenRHS 141A35.Petiole wingsPresent36.Petiole attachment(Notexamined)37.Petiole textureSmooth38.Varieties with petiole wings present Narrow3.3 mmonly:Petiole: width of wings39.Flower: typeSingle40.Flower: diameter of calyx—0.9 cm41.Flower: number of petals542.Flower: sepal sizelength 0.55cm, width0.93 cm43.Flower: sepal shapeSynsepalouscalyx44.Flower: sepal colorLight greenRHS 144D45.Flower: length of petalShort13.7 mm46.Flower: width of petalMedium6.0 mm47.Flower: ratio length / width of petal—2.348.Petal color: upper surfaceWhiteRHS 155A49.Petal color: lower surfaceWhiteRHS 155A50.Petal textureSmooth51.Flower: length of stamens—9.2 mm52.Flower: blooming periodMediumMay 1-1053.Flower: fragrancePresent54.Flower: fertilityPresent55.Pollen abundanceAbsent56.Pollen color(Notexamined)57.Anther: colorLight yellowRHS 8D58.Style: length—6.7 mm59.Infructescence: clustering of fruitsPresent60.Fruit: length—7.4 cm61.Fruit: diameter—8.6 cm62.Fruit: ratio length / diameterMedium1.1663.Fruit: position of broadest partAt middle64.Fruit: shape in transverse sectionCircular65.Fruit: general shape of proximal partFlattened(excluding neck, collar and depression at stalk end)66.Fruit: presence of neckAbsent67.Fruit: presence of depression at stalk Presentend68.Fruit: depth of depression at stalk end—2.0 mm69.Fruit: presence of constriction at stalk Absentend70.Fruit: number of radial grooves at Intermediatestalk end71.Fruit: length of radial grooves at stalk Short to10.1endmedium72.Fruit: presence of collarAbsent73.Fruit: abscission layer between floral Absent ordisc and fruitweaklydeveloped74.Fruit: general shape of distal part Flattened(excluding nipple, bulging of navel and depression at distal end)75.Fruit: presence of depression at distal Presentend76.Fruit: depth of depression at distal end—2.6 mm77.Fruit: diameter of depression at distal —14.5 mmend78.Fruit: presence of areolaAbsent79.Fruit: diameter of stylar scar—2.1 mm80.Fruit: persistence of styleNone81.Fruit: presence of navel openingAbsent82.Fruit: presence of radial grooves at Absentdistal end83.Fruit surface: predominant color(s)OrangeRHS N25C84.Fruit surface: glossinessMedium85.Fruit surface: roughnessSmooth86.Fruit surface: size of oil glandsAll more orless the samesize87.Fruit surface: size of larger oil glandsSmall88.Fruit surface: conspicuousness of larger Strongoil glands89.Fruit surface: presence of pitting and Pitting andpebbling on oil glandspebblingabsent90.Fruit rind: thicknessMedium3.5 mm91.Fruit weightHeavy286 g92.Fruit rind: adherence to fleshWeak93.Fruit rind: strengthWeak94.Fruit rind: oilinessDry95.Fruit rind: conspicuousness of oil Absent orglands on inner surfaceweaklyconspicuous96.Fruit: color of albedoLight yellowRHS 8C97.Fruit: density of albedoMedium98.Fruit: amount of albedo adhering to Smallflesh (strands excluded)99.Fruit: presence of albedo strandsAbsent100.Fruit: main color of fleshDark orangeRHS N25C101.Fruit: filling of coreAbsent orvery sparse102.Fruit: diameter of coreVery small10.9 mm103.Fruit: presence of rudimentary Absent orsegmentsvery weak104.Fruit: number of well-developed —12segments105.Fruit: coherence of adjacent segment Strongwalls106.Fruit: strength of segment wallsWeak107.Fruit: length of juice vesicle—6.2 mm108.Fruit: thickness of juice vesicles—2.6 mm109.Fruit; conspicuousness of juice Highvesicle walls110.Fruit: coherence of juice vesiclesMedium111.Fruit: presence of navel (viewed Absent orinternally)very rare112.Fruit: juicinessHigh113.Fruit juice: total soluble solidsHigh12.8 (Brix)114.Fruit juice: acidityHigh1.95mg / 100 ml115.Fruit: strength of fiberWeak116.Fruit: number of seeds (controlled Absent or0manual self-pollination)very few117.Fruit: number of seeds (open Absent or0pollination)very few118.Seed: polyembryonyAbsent119.Time of maturity of fruit for LateMayconsumption120.Productivity (pounds or bushels per (Notacre)examined)121.Fruit: parthenocarpyPresent
[0037] Other features of the plant are as follows:
[0038] Disease and Pest resistance: Normal resistance was observed for pests and diseases in Uwajima, Ehime, Japan.
[0039] Tree hardiness: USDA Hardiness Zone Pa-9b.
[0040] Fruit ship ability: medium, slightly inferior compared to the variety ‘IYOKAN’ which has excellent storage ability.
[0041] Fruit storage ability: medium.
Examples
Embodiment Construction
[0033]The botanical description and the photographs are of the ‘Mikanken4’ plants evaluated in 2024 (including for the comparison with the reference plants ‘KIYOMI’ and ‘Ehimekashi48’). Values as provided are averages.
[0034]The plants shown on the photographs were grown at Uwajima, Ehime, Japan. The plant is a 15-year grown after top grafting. The tree was photographed on Mar. 25, 2024, the flowers were photographed on Apr. 25, 2024, the mature leaves were photographed on Mar. 25, 2024, and the fruit were photographed on Mar. 29, 2024.
[0035]Colors are given according to the RHS (Royal Horticultural Society) Colour Chart (Fourth Ed., 2001).
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
[0036]
TABLE 4No.CharacteristicsStatesValues1.PloidyDiploid2.Tree: growth habitSpreading3.Tree: density of spinesIntermediate4.Tree: length of spinesShort2.2 cm5.Tree height2.7 m6.Tree spread3.2 m7.Trunk diameter27.7 cm8.Trunk textureRough9.Trunk colorGreen brownRHS 152B10.Crotch angle47.5°11.Branch lengthShort9.8 cm12.Branch te...
Claims
1. A new and distinct variety of citrus named ‘Mikanken4’, substantially as described and illustrated herein.