Anti-seepage motor, power assembly and electric vehicle

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an anti-seepage motor, a power assembly and an electric vehicle. The motor comprises a motor shell and a motor stator, wherein the motor shell comprises a motor accommodating cavity, with the motor accommodating cavity passing through the motor shell in an axial direction of the motor, being configured to fix the motor stator, and comprising a stator cavity and an end cavity which are arranged adjacent to each other. The length of the stator cavity is greater than or equal to the length of the motor stator in the axial direction of the motor, such that the stator cavity can be used to accommodate the motor stator in the axial direction of the motor. In a radial direction of the motor, an inner diameter of the end cavity is larger than an inner diameter of the stator cavity. An inner wall of the end cavity is a blank surface, and an inner wall of the stator cavity is a machined surface. According to the present application, an inner diameter of an end cavity in a radial direction of a motor is larger than an inner diameter of a stator cavity in the radial direction of the motor, and when an inner wall of the stator cavity is machined, an inner wall of the end cavity cannot be abraded, so as to prevent air holes from occurring in the inner wall of the end cavity and then reducing the sealing performance.

Description

Oil-proof motors, powertrains, and electric vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on June 30, 2023, with application number 202321727398.X and application name “Oil-proof motor, powertrain and electric vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to an oil-seepage-proof motor, a power assembly, and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0003] Existing electric vehicles usually use an integrated powertrain as a power source. At present, the motor and the motor controller are usually integrated into a two-in-one powertrain, or the motor, the motor controller and the reducer are usually integrated into a three-in-one powertrain, or the motor, the motor controller, the reducer and other components of the electric vehicle are usually integrated into an all-in-one powertrain. The motor is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. In the powertrain of an electric vehicle, the motor is an important component for providing power. The motor usually includes a motor stator and a motor housing. The motor housing is used to accommodate and fix the motor stator, and the motor stator is used to generate a magnetic field. Currently, when assembling the motor, it is necessary to process the inner surface of the motor housing so that the motor stator fits the inner surface of the motor housing. However, the sealing of the motor housing after processing becomes worse, which in turn affects the sealing of the motor.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an oil-seepage-proof motor, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an oil-proof motor, the motor comprising a motor housing and a motor stator, the motor housing comprising a motor accommodating cavity, the motor accommodating cavity penetrating the motor housing along the motor axis, the motor accommodating cavity being used to fix the motor stator, the motor accommodating cavity comprising a stator cavity and an end cavity, the stator cavity and the end cavity being arranged adjacent to each other. In the axial direction of the motor, the length of the stator cavity is greater than or equal to the length of the motor stator. In the radial direction of the motor, the inner diameter of the end cavity is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity. The inner wall of the end cavity is a rough surface, and the inner wall of the stator cavity is a machined surface.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, the motor is arranged so that the length of the stator cavity in the motor axial direction is greater than or equal to the length of the motor stator, so that the stator cavity can completely accommodate the motor stator in the motor axial direction. In addition, in the radial direction of the motor, the inner diameter of the end cavity is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity, so as to avoid the end cavity from hindering the assembly of the motor stator. At the same time, the end cavity can also be used to guide the electric stator to be assembled into the stator cavity, which is beneficial to improving assembly efficiency. The inner diameter of the end cavity is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity, so that the inner wall of the end cavity will not be worn when the inner wall of the stator cavity is machined, and the inner wall of the end cavity is avoided from having pores on the inner wall of the end cavity and reducing the sealing performance, thereby preventing oil leakage.

[0008] In the embodiment of the present application, the surface roughness of the blank surface is greater than the surface roughness of the machined surface. In the embodiment of the present application, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity is relatively small, and the inner wall of the stator cavity is smoother than the inner wall of the end cavity, which is conducive to improving the assembly accuracy between the motor stator and the stator cavity and ensuring the structural reliability of the motor stator and the motor housing. The surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity is relatively large, which can reduce the processing cost. In the radial direction of the motor, the inner diameter of the end cavity is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity, and the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity will not have a negative impact on the installation of the motor stator.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, the density of the blank surface is greater than the density of the machined surface. The blank surface has a higher density and a higher sealing performance than the machined surface. In the embodiment of the present application, the blank surface refers to the surface formed by die-casting. In one embodiment, the inner wall of the machined surface has cutting marks, and the inner wall of the blank surface has no cutting marks. In one embodiment, the motor housing is formed by die-casting, and the inner wall of the end cavity is a blank surface with higher density, and the inner wall of the end cavity has no pores or only a small number of pores, and the inner wall of the end cavity has a higher sealing performance.

[0010] When the motor housing is die-cast, pores are easily generated in the motor housing. Multiple pores are connected to form pore passages. When multiple pores are connected along the radial direction of the motor, the cooling oil in the motor housing will leak. After cutting the inner wall of the stator cavity, some pores may be exposed. However, the inner wall of the stator cavity is used to precisely match the motor stator. For example, the motor stator and the inner wall of the stator cavity are interference fit, so that there is little or no gap between the motor stator and the inner wall of the stator cavity. Therefore, machining the inner wall of the stator cavity will not affect the sealing inside the motor housing even if some pores are exposed. The inner wall of the end cavity has no other structural parts that fit closely with it. If there are many pores on the inner wall of the end cavity, the cooling oil may leak through the connected pore passages. In this solution, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity is set to be greater than the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity, or the degree of cutting of the inner wall of the end cavity is less than the degree of cutting of the inner wall of the stator cavity, so that there are fewer pores on the inner wall of the end cavity, thereby blocking the circulation of cooling oil in the pores and reducing the risk of cooling oil leakage.

[0011] In one embodiment, one end of the end cavity and the other end of the end cavity are arranged along the axial direction of the motor, the diameter of the one end of the end cavity is larger than the diameter of the other end of the end cavity, and the other end of the end cavity is adjacent to the stator cavity. In this embodiment of the present application, one end of the end cavity, the other end of the end cavity, and the stator cavity are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the motor, wherein, in the axial direction of the motor, the diameter of one end of the end cavity is larger than the diameter of the other end of the end cavity, so that during the process of assembling the motor stator, one end of the end cavity and the other end of the end cavity can play a role in guiding the motor stator.

[0012] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the end cavity includes a draft angle segment and a transition arc segment. The draft angle segment, the transition arc segment, and the stator cavity are sequentially arranged adjacent to each other along the motor's axial direction. One end of the draft angle segment and the other end of the draft angle segment are arranged opposite each other along the motor's axial direction, and the other end of the draft angle segment is adjacent to the transition arc segment. The diameter of the draft angle segment gradually decreases from one end of the draft angle segment toward the other end. The inner wall of the transition arc segment is arc-shaped.

[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, in order to reduce the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity, it is necessary to use a mold to process the inner wall of the stator cavity. This solution sets the diameter of the draft angle section to gradually decrease from one end of the draft angle section to the other end of the draft angle section, which is equivalent to the extension direction of the draft angle section forming an angle with the motor axis. This enables the mold used for processing to be smoothly separated from the motor accommodating cavity, avoiding wear on the inner wall of the motor accommodating cavity. Providing a transition arc section between the draft angle section and the inner wall of the stator cavity is beneficial to reducing stress concentration and strengthening the structural strength of the motor housing.

[0014] In one embodiment, along the axial direction of the motor, the length of the end cavity is less than the length of the stator cavity, and the length of the end cavity is less than the length of the motor stator. The projection of the motor stator along the radial direction of the motor is located within the projection of the stator cavity along the radial direction of the motor. In the embodiment of the present application, the volume and production cost of the motor housing are reduced without affecting the assembly and fixation of the motor stator. The projection of the stator cavity in the axial direction of the motor can completely cover the projection of the motor stator in the axial direction of the motor, so that the stator cavity can accommodate the motor stator in the axial direction of the motor.

[0015] In one embodiment, the motor housing further comprises a bolt hole, and the bolt hole is used to fix the motor housing and the motor end cover. Wherein, along the radial direction of the motor, the projection of the bolt hole is located within the projection of the end cavity. In the embodiment of the present application, the motor end cover is close to the adjacent end cavity along the axial direction of the motor, and the motor housing and the motor end cover are fixed through the bolt hole, which is beneficial to enhancing the structural strength of the motor. Since the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity is relatively large and the density is high, the cooling oil in the motor is prevented from flowing into the bolt hole through the inner wall of the end cavity. Generally, the bolt hole is formed by machining in the motor housing, and the inner wall of the bolt hole will expose the air hole. If the inner wall of the end cavity opposite to the bolt hole is also provided with an air hole, the bolt hole may be connected to the air hole of the inner wall of the end cavity, thereby increasing the risk of cooling oil leakage. In the present application, the bolt hole is opposite to the end cavity with a blank surface, and the projection of the bolt hole along the radial direction of the motor is located within the projection of the end cavity, thereby improving the sealing and reducing the risk of cooling oil leakage.

[0016] In one embodiment, along the radial direction of the motor, the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity and the bolt hole is greater than the distance between the inner wall of the stator cavity and the outer surface of the motor housing. In this embodiment of the present application, the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity and the bolt hole in the radial direction of the motor is relatively large, and the bolt hole and the inner wall of the stator cavity do not overlap along the radial direction of the motor, so that the distance between the bolt hole and the inner wall of the stator cavity is relatively far. Even if the bolt hole and the inner wall of the stator cavity have pores due to machining, the cooling oil has a long transmission path between the inner wall of the stator cavity and the bolt hole, making it difficult for the cooling oil to enter the bolt hole, thereby effectively preventing leakage of the cooling oil.

[0017] In one embodiment, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity is greater than the surface roughness of the wall of the bolt hole. In one embodiment, the wall of the bolt hole is a machined surface. In the embodiment of the present application, in order to achieve effective fixation of the motor housing and the motor end cover, it is necessary to set the surface roughness of the wall of the bolt hole to be smaller, that is, the bolt hole needs to be processed. Similar to the inner wall of the stator cavity, the inner wall of the bolt hole will also have exposed pores. If the cooling oil flows into the bolt hole through the pores, since the aperture of the bolt hole is much larger than the aperture of the pores, it will not only increase the leakage of the cooling oil, but also affect the connection relationship between the motor end cover and the motor housing, resulting in a loose connection relationship. This solution sets the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity to be greater than the surface roughness of the wall of the bolt hole. Since the inner wall of the end cavity will not expose the pores, it can effectively avoid the leakage of cooling oil and the problem of loose connection relationship.

[0018] In one embodiment, the motor further comprises a motor end cover, the motor end cover comprises a casing limiting groove, the motor housing comprises a casing limiting protrusion, and the casing limiting groove is used to accommodate the casing limiting protrusion. Wherein, along the axial direction of the motor, the casing limiting groove is recessed from the motor end cover away from the motor stator, and the casing limiting protrusion protrudes from the motor housing toward the motor end cover. Along the radial direction of the motor, the casing limiting protrusion is spaced apart from the bolt hole. Along the circumference of the motor, the casing limiting groove and the casing limiting protrusion both surround the motor axis. In this embodiment of the present application, the motor end cover and the motor housing are positioned by the casing limiting groove and the casing limiting protrusion.

[0019] In one embodiment, the housing retaining groove includes an inner groove wall and an outer groove wall, and the housing retaining protrusion includes a protrusion inner wall and a protrusion outer wall, wherein the inner groove wall, the protrusion inner wall, the protrusion outer wall, and the outer groove wall are arranged radially along the motor. The protrusion inner wall and the inner groove wall are spaced apart in the radial direction of the motor, and the protrusion outer wall is in contact with the outer groove wall.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, the motor end cover and motor housing are used together to protect internal components such as the motor stator. During assembly of the motor housing and motor end cover, the bolt holes serve the primary securing function, while the housing retaining protrusions and housing retaining grooves serve as positioning and auxiliary securing functions. The inner wall of the protrusions and the inner groove wall are spaced apart along the radial direction of the motor, providing an assembly gap between the motor housing and the motor end cover, allowing the housing retaining protrusions to be smoothly installed into the housing retaining grooves. The outer wall of the protrusions mates with the outer groove wall along the radial direction of the motor, achieving radial positioning of the motor housing and the motor end cover. In one embodiment, the outer wall of the protrusions and the outer groove wall form an interference fit along the radial direction of the motor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the protrusion is greater than the surface roughness of the outer wall of the protrusion, and the surface roughness of the inner groove wall is greater than the surface roughness of the outer groove wall. Along the axial direction of the motor, the inner wall of the stator cavity, the inner wall of the end cavity, and the inner wall of the protrusion are arranged adjacent to each other in this order. Along the radial direction of the motor, the distance between the inner wall of the protrusion and the outer wall of the protrusion is less than the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity and the bolt hole.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, the inner wall of the end cavity and the inner wall of the convex portion are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the motor, and the surface roughness of the inner wall of the convex portion is set to be greater than the surface roughness of the outer wall of the convex portion. This is conducive to reducing the processing difficulty and cost of the inner wall of the convex portion and the inner wall of the end cavity, and can prevent the cooling oil from leaking through the inner wall of the convex portion. The surface roughness of the outer wall of the convex portion is smaller than that of the inner wall of the convex portion, and the surface roughness of the outer groove wall is smaller than that of the inner groove wall. The surface of the outer wall of the convex portion and the outer groove wall is smooth after processing, so that the outer wall of the convex portion and the outer groove wall fit more tightly, thereby strengthening the connection between the motor end cover and the motor housing and improving the structural strength. In addition, the close fit between the outer wall of the convex portion and the outer groove wall is also conducive to enhancing the sealing effect, thereby avoiding the risk of cooling oil leakage.

[0023] In one embodiment, the motor further comprises a guide ring, motor windings, and a guide ring axial limiting protrusion. The guide ring axial limiting protrusion is fixed to the motor end cap. The guide ring is fixed axially between the guide ring axial limiting protrusion and the motor stator. The guide ring includes a guide hole, and the end cavity is used to accommodate a portion of the guide ring and a portion of the motor winding. The guide ring axial limiting protrusion and the housing limiting groove are adjacently arranged along the motor radial direction. Along the motor radial direction, the guide hole passes through the guide ring, and the motor windings, the guide ring, and the inner wall of the end cavity are spaced apart. Along the motor radial direction, the motor windings partially overlap with the guide ring's radial projection, the motor windings partially overlap with the guide hole's radial projection, the guide ring's projection partially overlaps with the end cavity's projection, and the guide ring's projection partially overlaps with the stator cavity's projection.

[0024] In one embodiment, the housing stop protrusion and the motor housing are integrally formed, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the motor housing. In one embodiment, the inner wall of the housing stop protrusion and the inner wall of the end cavity are both blank surface inner walls, and both have a draft angle during demolding. The inner diameter of the housing stop protrusion is greater than the diameter of the end cavity.

[0025] In one embodiment, the motor further comprises a guide ring radial limiting portion. In particular, along the axial direction of the motor, the guide ring radial limiting portion, the guide ring axial limiting protrusion, and the motor end cover are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence and relatively fixed. The projected area of ​​the guide ring radial limiting portion along the axial direction of the motor is smaller than the projected area of ​​the guide ring axial limiting protrusion along the axial direction of the motor. Along the radial direction of the motor, the guide ring, the guide ring radial limiting portion, and the inner wall of the end cavity are arranged in sequence. The guide ring and the guide ring radial limiting portion are adjacent to each other. The guide ring radial limiting portion and the inner wall of the end cavity are spaced apart. The guide ring and the guide ring radial limiting portion partially overlap in their projected areas along the radial direction of the motor.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the radial limiting portion of the guide ring is positioned adjacent to the guide ring in the motor radial direction, and the projections of the guide ring and the radial limiting portion of the guide ring along the motor radial direction partially overlap, allowing the radial limiting portion of the guide ring to limit the movement of the guide ring in the motor radial direction. Along the motor radial direction, the radial limiting portion of the guide ring is located between the guide ring and the inner wall of the end cavity. The radial limiting portion of the guide ring is spaced apart from the inner wall of the end cavity, allowing the housing limiting protrusion to smoothly pass through the gap between the radial limiting portion of the guide ring and the inner wall of the end cavity and enter the housing limiting groove. Along the motor axial direction, the projected area of ​​the radial limiting portion of the guide ring is smaller than the axial limiting protrusion of the guide ring, ensuring that the radial limiting portion of the guide ring does not block the connection between the axial limiting protrusion of the guide ring and the guide ring.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, the axial limiting protrusion of the guide ring is used to achieve axial limiting of the guide ring, and the radial limiting portion of the guide ring is used to achieve radial limiting of the guide ring. The axial limiting protrusion of the guide ring and the radial limiting portion of the guide ring cooperate with each other, so that the guide ring is not easy to displace relative to the motor end cover and the motor stator, which is beneficial to enhancing the structural stability of the guide ring.

[0028] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a powertrain, comprising a motor controller, a three-phase input copper busbar, and a motor as described above, wherein the motor controller is electrically connected to the motor windings of the motor via the three-phase input copper busbar, and the three-phase input copper busbar includes three input copper buses, which are sequentially spaced apart along the circumference of the motor. The motor provided by the present application improves the assembly efficiency of the motor by making the inner diameter of the end cavity larger than the inner diameter of the stator cavity. Machining the inner wall of the stator cavity does not wear the inner wall of the end cavity, avoiding the formation of pores on the inner wall of the end cavity that would reduce the sealing performance, thereby improving the sealing performance of the motor and thereby improving the assembly efficiency, sealing performance, and overall performance of the powertrain.

[0029] In one embodiment, the power assembly includes an integrated housing, which includes the motor housing, the reducer accommodating chamber and the motor accommodating chamber. The motor housing is an integrally formed structure, and the motor housing is arranged to form the motor accommodating chamber. The motor accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the motor stator, and the reducer accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the reducer. The motor accommodating chamber passes through the integrated housing along a first direction and is connected to the reducer accommodating chamber. The motor shaft of the motor is used to drive the reducer. The first direction is parallel to the motor axis, and the motor and the reducer are arranged along the first direction.

[0030] In one embodiment, the integrated housing further comprises a controller accommodating cavity, a DC input interface mounting hole, and an AC output interface mounting hole. The controller accommodating cavity is used to accommodate the motor controller. The controller accommodating cavity and the motor accommodating cavity are arranged along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The motor end cover comprises an AC output interface connecting hole, a winding wiring hole, and a cooling hole. The three input copper bars pass through the winding wiring holes and are electrically connected to the motor windings. In the first direction, the DC input interface mounting hole and the AC output interface mounting hole respectively pass through the integrated housing and are connected to the controller accommodating cavity. The AC output interface connecting hole, the winding wiring hole, and the cooling hole all pass through the motor end cover. The DC input interface mounting hole is arranged opposite to the AC output interface mounting hole. The projection of the AC output interface connecting hole covers the projection of the AC output interface mounting hole. The projection of the three-phase input copper bar partially overlaps with the projection of the AC output connecting hole. The projection of the three input copper bars partially overlaps with the projection of the cooling hole. Along the radial direction of the motor, the winding connection hole is arranged between the AC output interface communication hole and the motor shaft, and the cooling hole is arranged between the AC output interface communication hole and the winding connection hole. Along the first direction, the cooling hole is arranged adjacent to the motor casing limit slot and communicates with the casing limit slot.

[0031] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body, wheels, and a motor as described in any of the above or a powertrain as described in any of the above, wherein the motor or powertrain is used to drive the wheels, and the vehicle body is used to secure the motor or powertrain. The powertrain of the present application takes into account design requirements such as miniaturization, power density, reliability, heat dissipation, and power performance, thereby improving the overall performance of the electric vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

[0033] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a powertrain according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of the motor shown in FIG3 along AA;

[0037] FIG5 is a partial enlarged view of the M1 portion of the motor shown in FIG4 ;

[0038] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor end cover provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG7 is a partial exploded view of a powertrain according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a powertrain provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a powertrain provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0043] As used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0044] In addition, in this article, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the structure schematically placed in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they can change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the structure.

[0045] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0046] Surface roughness: refers to the unevenness of the surface with small spacing and tiny peaks and valleys.

[0047] Parallel: The parallelism defined in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to absolute parallelism. This definition of parallelism can be understood as basic parallelism, which allows for situations where the absolute parallelism is not caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and the influence of structural flatness.

[0048] Vertical: The vertical defined in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to an absolute vertical intersection relationship (an angle of 90 degrees). It allows for non-absolute vertical intersection relationships caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and the influence of structural flatness. It allows for errors in a small angle range. For example, the assembly error range of 80 to 100 degrees can be understood as a vertical relationship.

[0049] The first direction Y is parallel to the motor axial direction, where the motor axial direction refers to the axial direction of the motor shaft.

[0050] The second direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction Y and the third direction X.

[0051] The third direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Y and the second direction Z.

[0052] Currently, when assembling a motor, it is necessary to process the inner surface of the motor housing so that the motor stator fits the inner surface of the motor housing. However, the sealing performance of the motor housing deteriorates after processing, thereby affecting the sealing performance of the motor.

[0053] The present invention provides an oil-leakage-proof motor, comprising a motor housing and a motor stator. The motor housing includes a motor accommodating cavity, which extends axially through the motor housing and is used to secure the motor stator. The motor accommodating cavity includes a stator cavity and an end cavity, which are arranged adjacent to each other. The length of the stator cavity along the motor axial direction is greater than or equal to the length of the motor stator, so that the stator cavity can accommodate the motor stator in the motor axial direction. The inner diameter of the end cavity along the motor radial direction is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity. When the motor stator is assembled into the motor housing, the motor stator passes through the end cavity to reach the stator cavity. In the present invention, the inner diameter of the end cavity along the motor radial direction is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity along the motor radial direction. This facilitates the end cavity to guide the motor stator into the stator cavity, prevents wear between the motor stator and the end cavity, reduces assembly difficulty, and improves motor assembly efficiency. Furthermore, to improve the matching degree between the inner wall of the stator cavity and the motor stator, machining the inner wall of the stator cavity does not wear the inner wall of the end cavity, thus preventing the formation of pores on the inner wall of the end cavity that reduce sealing performance and thus prevent oil leakage. The inner wall of the end cavity is a rough surface, while the inner wall of the stator cavity is a machined surface. The surface roughness of the rough surface is greater than that of the machined surface. In the embodiment of the present application, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity is relatively small, and the inner wall of the stator cavity is smoother than the inner wall of the end cavity, which helps to improve the assembly accuracy between the motor stator and the stator cavity, and ensure the structural reliability of the motor stator and motor housing.

[0054] The motor provided in this application can be applied to a powertrain, and the powertrain including the motor of this application can be applied to an electric vehicle.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric vehicle 1 provided in one embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 includes a powertrain 10, a vehicle body 20, a battery pack 30, and wheels 40. The powertrain 10 and battery pack 30 are fixed to the vehicle body 20. The powertrain 10 is used to receive power from the battery pack 30 and is used to drive the wheels 40.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery pack 30 may also be referred to as a power battery.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle 1 refers to a wheeled device driven or towed by a power device. In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 includes a passenger car, a commercial vehicle, or a special operation vehicle such as an engineering rescue vehicle, a water truck, a sewage suction truck, a cement mixer truck, a crane truck, a medical vehicle, etc. Exemplarily, the electric vehicle 1 includes an electric vehicle (EV), a pure electric vehicle (PEV / BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a range extended electric vehicle (REEV), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), a new energy vehicle (NEV), etc.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle 1 includes one or more powertrains 10. In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 is a front-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive vehicle. The electric vehicle 1 includes a powertrain 10, and the powertrain 10 is used to transmit and connect the front wheels or rear wheels of the electric vehicle 1. In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 is a front and rear dual-wheel drive vehicle. The electric vehicle 1 includes two powertrains 10. The two powertrains 10 are respectively used to transmit and connect the front wheels and rear wheels of the electric vehicle 1. In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 is a front and rear four-wheel drive vehicle. The electric vehicle 1 includes four powertrains 10. The four powertrains 10 are respectively used to transmit and connect the four wheels of the electric vehicle 1.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a structural schematic diagram of the powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the powertrain 10 includes a motor 100. The direct current output by the battery pack 30 is converted into alternating current in the powertrain 10 and then transmitted to the motor 100, driving the motor shaft 140 of the motor 100 to rotate, thereby providing power to the wheels 40.

[0060] In one embodiment, the powertrain 10 also includes a motor controller 200 and a reducer 300. The motor 100 is connected to the motor controller 200 and the reducer 300, respectively. The motor controller 200 is used to convert direct current into alternating current and transmit it to the motor 100. The motor 100 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The output end of the motor shaft transmits power to the wheels 40 of the electric vehicle 1 through the reducer 300, thereby driving the wheels 40 to rotate.

[0061] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor 100 provided in one embodiment of the present application, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the motor 100 shown in Figure 3 along line AA. In one embodiment, the motor 100 includes a motor housing 106 and a motor stator 120 (as shown in Figures 3 and 4). The motor housing 106 includes a motor accommodating cavity 420 (as shown in Figure 4). The motor accommodating cavity 420 extends through the motor housing 106 along the motor axial direction Y (as shown in Figure 4). The motor accommodating cavity 420 is used to fix the motor stator 120. The motor accommodating cavity 420 includes a stator cavity 422 and an end cavity 423 (as shown in Figure 4). The stator cavity 422 and the end cavity 423 are arranged adjacent to each other (as shown in Figure 4). In the motor axial direction Y, the length of the stator cavity 422 is greater than or equal to the length of the motor stator 120 (as shown in Figure 4). In the motor radial direction R, the inner diameter of the end cavity 423 is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity 422 (as shown in Figure 4).

[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, the motor 100 is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Specifically, in one embodiment, the motor 100 further includes a motor shaft, a motor rotor, and a motor winding. When alternating current is applied to the motor winding, an alternating magnetic flux is generated. The alternating magnetic flux generated by the motor winding interacts with the permanent magnetic flux generated by the motor rotor, causing the motor rotor to rotate relative to the motor stator 120. The motor rotor is fixedly connected to the motor shaft so that the motor shaft rotates with the motor rotor. The motor stator 120 is rotationally connected to the motor shaft so that the motor shaft can rotate relative to the motor stator 120, thereby converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The output end of the motor shaft is used to transmit mechanical energy.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, the motor housing 106 is used to protect the motor stator 120 from interference from the external environment. The inner wall of the motor housing 106 encloses a motor accommodating chamber 420, and the motor accommodating chamber 420 is used to accommodate and fix the motor stator 120. In order to cooperate with the motor stator and the motor rotor to realize the rotation of the motor shaft, the motor stator and the motor rotor are generally cylindrical, so the motor accommodating chamber 420 is generally cylindrical. The motor accommodating chamber 420 includes a stator cavity 422 and an end cavity 423 arranged adjacent to each other. When the motor stator 120 is assembled into the motor housing 106, the motor stator 120 passes through the end cavity 423 to reach the stator cavity 422. The assembly condition of the motor stator 120 has a key influence on the assembly of other components in the motor 100.

[0064] Continuing to refer to FIG4 , the length of the stator cavity 422 in the motor axial direction Y is denoted as D1, the length of the motor stator 120 in the motor axial direction Y is denoted as D2, the length of the end cavity 423 in the motor radial direction R is denoted as D3, and the length of the stator cavity 422 in the motor radial direction R is denoted as D4. In this solution, D1 ≥ D2 is set so that the projection of the stator cavity 422 in the motor radial direction R can completely cover the projection of the motor stator 120 in the motor radial direction R, making it easier for the stator cavity 422 to accommodate the motor stator 120 in the motor axial direction Y. D3 > D4 is set so that during the assembly process of the motor stator 120, no wear will occur between the motor stator 120 and the end cavity 423, or the motor stator 120 will not get stuck in the end cavity 423. In addition, since the end cavity 423 is arranged adjacent to the stator cavity 422, the end cavity 423 can also guide the assembly and disassembly of the motor stator 120, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembling and disassembling the motor stator 120 and improving the assembly efficiency of the motor 100. In order to improve the matching degree between the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 and the motor stator 120, the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 will be processed so that the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 and the outer surface of the motor stator 120 are more matched, so that the structural strength of the motor stator 120 and the motor housing 106 is higher. When D3>D4 is set, the inner wall of the end cavity 423 will not be worn when the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 is machined, thereby avoiding the appearance of air holes on the inner wall of the end cavity 423 and reducing the sealing performance.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, the motor 100 is configured so that the length of the stator cavity 422 is greater than or equal to the length of the motor stator 120 in the motor axial direction Y, so that the stator cavity 422 can completely accommodate the motor stator 120 in the motor axial direction Y. In addition, in the motor radial direction R, the inner diameter of the end cavity 423 is greater than the inner diameter of the stator cavity 422, thereby preventing the end cavity 423 from obstructing the assembly of the motor stator 120. At the same time, the end cavity 423 can also be used to guide the assembly of the electric stator into the stator cavity 422, which is beneficial to improving assembly efficiency. When machining the inner wall of the stator cavity 422, the inner wall of the end cavity 423 will not be worn, thereby preventing the formation of pores on the inner wall of the end cavity 423 and reducing the sealing performance.

[0066] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the projection along the motor axial direction Y refers to the projection along the motor axial direction Y on the projection plane perpendicular to the motor axial direction Y. Among them, the projection plane of the projection along the motor axial direction Y is perpendicular to the motor axial direction Y. The projection along the motor radial direction R refers to the projection along the motor radial direction R on the projection plane perpendicular to the motor radial direction R. Among them, the projection plane of the projection along the motor radial direction R is perpendicular to the motor radial direction R. In one embodiment, the projection plane of the stator cavity 422 on the motor radial direction R is the same as the projection plane of the motor stator 120 on the motor radial direction R. The projection of the stator cavity 422 on the motor radial direction R refers to the projection of the area enclosed by the cavity wall of the stator cavity 422 on the motor radial direction R.

[0067] In one embodiment, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is greater than the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity 422. Surface roughness refers to the unevenness of the surface with small spacing and tiny peaks and valleys. The smaller the surface roughness, the smoother the surface. In the embodiment of the present application, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 is relatively small, and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 is smoother than the inner wall of the end cavity 423, which is beneficial to improving the assembly accuracy between the motor stator 120 and the stator cavity 422, and ensuring the structural reliability of the motor stator 120 and the motor housing 106. The surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is relatively large, which can reduce processing costs. In the motor radial direction R, the inner diameter of the end cavity 423 is larger than the inner diameter of the stator cavity 422, and the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 will not have a negative impact on the installation of the motor stator 120.

[0068] In one embodiment, the number of pores on the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 is greater than the number of pores on the inner wall of the end cavity 423. When the motor housing 106 is die-cast, pores are easily generated in the motor housing 106. Multiple pores are connected to form a pore passage (not shown). When multiple pores are connected along the motor radial direction R, the cooling oil in the motor accommodating cavity 420 will leak. The inner wall of the stator cavity 422 may be exposed after cutting, but the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 is used to precisely match the motor stator 120. For example, the motor stator 120 and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 are interference fit, so that there is little or no gap between the motor stator 120 and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422. Therefore, even if some pores are exposed by machining the inner wall of the stator cavity 422, it will not affect the sealing inside the motor accommodating cavity 420. However, the inner wall of the end cavity 423 lacks other structural components that closely mate with it. If the inner wall of the end cavity 423 has a large number of pores, cooling oil may leak through the pores. In this solution, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is set to be greater than the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity 422, or the degree of cutting of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is set to be less than the degree of cutting of the inner wall of the stator cavity 422. This reduces the number of pores in the inner wall of the end cavity 423, thereby blocking the flow of cooling oil through the pores and reducing the risk of cooling oil leakage.

[0069] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is a blank surface, and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 is a machined surface. In the embodiment of the present application, the blank surface refers to the surface formed by die-casting, the inner wall of the machined surface has cutting marks, and the inner wall of the blank surface has no cutting marks. In the embodiment of the present application, the density of the blank surface is greater than the density of the machined surface. The motor housing 106 is formed by die-casting, and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is a blank surface with higher density. The inner wall of the end cavity 423 has no pores or only a small number of pores, and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 has higher sealing performance. In the embodiment of the present application, the inner wall of the machined surface has cutting marks, the inner wall of the blank surface has no cutting marks, and the surface roughness of the blank surface is greater than the surface roughness of the machined surface.

[0070] In one embodiment, the types of cooling oil include glycol-based cooling oil, synthetic oil and mineral oil. Exemplarily, the cooling oil is glycol-based cooling oil.

[0071] Please refer to Figures 4 and 5 in combination. Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the M1 portion of the motor 100 shown in Figure 4. In one embodiment, one end of the end cavity 423 and the other end of the end cavity 423 are arranged along the motor axial direction Y (as shown in Figures 4 and 5), the diameter of one end of the end cavity 423 is larger than the diameter of the other end of the end cavity 423 (as shown in Figures 4 and 5), and the other end of the end cavity 423 is adjacent to the stator cavity 422 (as shown in Figures 4 and 5).

[0072] In an embodiment of the present application, one end of the end portion cavity 423, the other end of the end portion cavity 423, and the stator cavity 422 are arranged in sequence along the motor axial direction Y. Among them, along the motor axial direction Y, the diameter of one end of the end portion cavity 423 is greater than the diameter of the other end of the end portion cavity 423, so that during the process of assembling the motor stator 120, one end of the end portion cavity 423 and the other end of the end portion cavity 423 can play a role in guiding the motor stator 120.

[0073] Please continue to refer to FIGS. 4 and 5. In one embodiment, the inner wall of the end portion cavity 423 includes a draft angle section 4231 and a transition arc section 4232. Among them, along the motor axial direction Y, the draft angle section 4231, the transition arc section 4232, and the stator cavity 422 are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence. One end of the draft angle section 4231 and the other end of the draft angle section 4231 are arranged opposite to each other along the motor axial direction Y. The other end of the draft angle section 4231 is adjacent to the transition arc section 4232. The diameter of the draft angle section 4231 gradually becomes smaller from one end of the draft angle section 4231 to the other end of the draft angle section 4231. The inner wall of the transition arc section 4232 is arc-shaped.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to reduce the surface roughness of the inner wall of the stator cavity 422, a mold needs to be used to process the inner wall of the stator cavity 422. In this solution, the diameter of the draft angle section 4231 gradually becomes smaller from one end of the draft angle section 4231 to the other end of the draft angle section 4231, which is equivalent to the extension direction of the draft angle section 4231 forming an angle with the motor axial direction Y, enabling the mold used for processing to smoothly disengage from the motor accommodation cavity 420 and avoiding abrasion of the inner wall of the motor accommodation cavity 420. A transition arc section 4232 is provided between the draft angle section 4231 and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422, which is beneficial to reducing stress concentration and strengthening the structural strength of the motor housing 106.

[0075] Please continue to refer to FIGS. 4 and 5. In one embodiment, along the motor axial direction Y, the length of the end portion cavity 423 is less than the length of the stator cavity 422 (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5), the length of the end portion cavity 423 is less than the length of the motor stator 120 (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5), and the length of the motor stator 120 is less than the length of the stator cavity 422 (as shown in FIG. 4). In an embodiment of the present application, the length of the end portion cavity 423 in the motor axial direction Y is denoted as D5 (as shown in FIG. 5). Since the end portion cavity 423 does not need to accommodate the motor stator 120, this solution sets D5 < D1 and D5 < D2. Without affecting the assembly and fixation of the motor stator 120, the volume and manufacturing cost of the motor housing 106 are reduced. Setting D2 < D1 enables the projection of the stator cavity 422 in the motor axial direction Y to completely cover the projection of the motor stator 120 in the motor axial direction Y, facilitating the accommodation of the motor stator 120 in the stator cavity 422 in the motor axial direction Y.

[0076] Please continue to refer to FIG. 4. In one embodiment, the motor housing cavity 420 further includes an inner cavity 424. Along the motor axis Y, the inner cavity 424, the stator cavity 422, and the end cavity 423 are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence. The inner cavity 424 is used to accommodate a part of the motor winding 130 on the side of the motor stator 120 away from the motor end cover 110. In one embodiment, the inner wall of the inner cavity 424 is a rough surface.

[0077] Please continue to refer to FIGS. 4 and 5. In one embodiment, the motor housing 106 further includes bolt holes 1061 (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5). The bolt holes 1061 are used to fix the motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110. Among them, along the motor radial direction R, the projection of the bolt holes 1061 is located within the projection of the end cavity 423 (as shown in FIG. 5). Along the motor axis Y, the length of the bolt holes 1061 is less than the length of the end cavity 423 (as shown in FIG. 5).

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the motor end cover 110 is close to the adjacent end cavity 423 along the motor axis Y. The motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110 are fixed through the bolt holes 1061, which is beneficial to enhancing the structural strength of the motor 100. Among them, the opening of the bolt holes 1061 faces the motor end cover 110 along the motor axis Y. Denote the length of the bolt holes 1061 in the motor axis Y as D6 (as shown in FIG. 5), and set D6 < D5, so that the projection of the end cavity 423 in the motor radial direction R can cover the projection of the bolt holes 1061 in the motor radial direction R. Since the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is large and the density is high, it is avoided that the cooling oil in the motor 100 flows into the bolt holes 1061 through the inner wall of the end cavity 423. Generally, the bolt holes 1061 are formed by machining in the motor housing 106, and the inner wall of the bolt holes 1061 will expose air holes. If the inner wall of the end cavity 423 opposite to the bolt holes 1061 also has air holes, it may cause the air holes in the bolt holes 1061 to communicate with the inner wall of the end cavity 423, increasing the risk of cooling oil leakage. In the present application, the bolt holes 1061 are opposite to the end cavity 423 with a rough surface, and the projection of the bolt holes 1061 along the motor radial direction R is located within the projection of the end cavity 423, improving the sealing performance and reducing the risk of cooling oil leakage.

[0079] Continuing to refer to FIG4 and FIG5 , along the motor radial direction R, the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity 423 and the bolt hole 1061 is greater than the distance between the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 and the outer surface of the motor housing 106 (as shown in conjunction with FIG4 and FIG5 ). In the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity 423 and the bolt hole 1061 in the motor radial direction R is relatively large, and the bolt hole 1061 and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 do not overlap along the motor radial direction R, so that the distance between the bolt hole 1061 and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 is relatively far. Even if the bolt hole 1061 and the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 have pores due to machining, the cooling oil has a long transmission path between the inner wall of the stator cavity 422 and the bolt hole 1061, making it difficult for the cooling oil to enter the bolt hole 1061, thereby effectively preventing leakage of the cooling oil.

[0080] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the projection along the motor radial direction R refers to the projection along the motor radial direction R on a projection plane perpendicular to the motor radial direction R. The projection plane of the projection along the motor radial direction R is perpendicular to the motor radial direction R. In the embodiment of the present application, the projection plane of the bolt hole 1061 along the motor radial direction R is the same as the projection plane of the end cavity 423 along the motor axial direction Y.

[0081] In one embodiment, the axis of the bolt hole 1061 is parallel to the motor axial direction Y. Along the motor axial direction Y, the distance between the bolt hole 1061 and the motor stator 120 is greater than the distance between the end cavity 423 and the motor stator 120. This solution helps prevent cooling oil from entering the bolt hole 1061 through the inner wall of the motor accommodating cavity 420.

[0082] In one embodiment, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 is greater than the surface roughness of the wall of the bolt hole 1061. In the embodiment of the present application, in order to achieve effective fixation of the motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110, it is necessary to set the surface roughness of the wall of the bolt hole 1061 to be smaller, that is, the bolt hole 1061 needs to be processed. Similar to the inner wall of the stator cavity 422, the inner wall of the bolt hole 1061 will also have exposed pores. If the cooling oil flows into the bolt hole 1061 through the pores, since the aperture of the bolt hole 1061 is much larger than the aperture of the pores (not shown in the figure), it will not only increase the leakage of the cooling oil, but also affect the connection relationship between the motor end cover 110 and the motor housing 106, resulting in a loose connection relationship. This solution sets the surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423 to be greater than the surface roughness of the wall of the bolt hole 1061. Since the inner wall of the end cavity 423 does not expose pores, it can effectively avoid the leakage of cooling oil and the problem of loose connection relationship.

[0083] Please refer to Figures 4 to 6. Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor end cover 110 provided in one embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the motor 100 further includes a motor end cover 110 (as shown in Figures 4 to 6). The motor end cover 110 includes a housing retaining groove 117 (as shown in Figures 5 and 6). The motor housing 106 includes a housing retaining protrusion 1062 (as shown in Figures 5 and 6). The housing retaining groove 117 is used to accommodate the housing retaining protrusion 1062. In particular, along the motor axial direction Y, the housing retaining groove 117 is recessed from the motor end cover 110 away from the motor stator 120 (as shown in Figures 4 to 6), and the housing retaining protrusion 1062 protrudes from the motor housing 106 toward the motor end cover 110 (as shown in Figures 4 to 6). Along the motor radial direction R, the housing retaining protrusion 1062 is spaced apart from the bolt hole 1061 (as shown in Figures 4 and 5). Along the circumferential direction C of the motor, the housing limiting groove 117 and the housing limiting protrusion 1062 both surround the motor shaft 140 for one circle (as shown in FIG6 ).

[0084] In one embodiment, the housing stop groove 117 and the housing stop protrusion 1062 form a pair of stopper structures. The recessed direction of the housing stop groove 117 is the same as the raised direction of the housing stop protrusion 1062. The housing stop protrusion 1062 is located in the housing stop groove 117. The housing stop groove 117 and the housing stop protrusion 1062 both surround the motor shaft 140 along the motor circumferential direction C, which helps to strengthen the fixed connection between the motor end cover 110 and the motor housing 106.

[0085] Continuing to refer to Figures 5 and 6, in one embodiment, the housing limiting groove 117 includes an inner groove wall 1171 and an outer groove wall 1172 (as shown in Figures 5 and 6), and the housing limiting protrusion 1062 includes a protrusion inner wall 1062a and a protrusion outer wall 1062b (as shown in Figure 5). The inner groove wall 1171, the protrusion inner wall 1062a, the protrusion outer wall 1062b, and the outer groove wall 1172 are arranged along the motor radial direction R (as shown in Figures 5 and 6). The protrusion inner wall 1062a and the inner groove wall 1171 are spaced apart along the motor radial direction R (as shown in Figure 5), and the protrusion outer wall 1062b is in contact with the outer groove wall 1172 (as shown in Figure 5).

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, the motor end cover 110 and the motor housing 106 are used together to protect internal components such as the motor stator 120. During the assembly of the motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110, the bolt holes 1061 serve the primary fixing function, while the housing stopper protrusion 1062 and the housing stopper groove 117 serve as positioning and auxiliary fixing functions. The protrusion inner wall 1062a and the inner groove wall 1171 are spaced apart along the motor radial direction R, providing an assembly gap between the motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110, allowing the housing stopper protrusion 1062 to be smoothly installed in the housing stopper groove 117. The protrusion outer wall 1062b and the outer groove wall 1172 mate along the motor radial direction R, achieving radial positioning of the motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110. In one embodiment, the protrusion outer wall 1062b and the outer groove wall 1172 have an interference fit along the motor radial direction R.

[0087] In one embodiment, the length of the housing retaining protrusion 1062 along the motor radial direction R is less than the length of the housing retaining groove 117. This solution helps reduce the difficulty of disassembling and assembling the motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110. If the length of the housing retaining protrusion 1062 along the motor radial direction R is greater than or equal to the length of the housing retaining groove along the motor radial direction R, it will make it difficult to assemble the motor housing 106 and the motor end cover 110.

[0088] In one embodiment, the surface roughness of the convex inner wall 1062a is greater than the surface roughness of the convex outer wall 1062b, and the surface roughness of the inner groove wall 1171 is greater than the surface roughness of the outer groove wall 1172. Along the motor axial direction Y, the inner wall of the stator cavity 422, the inner wall of the end cavity 423, and the convex inner wall 1062a are arranged adjacent to each other in this order. Along the motor radial direction R, the distance between the convex inner wall 1062a and the convex outer wall 1062b is less than the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity 423 and the bolt hole 1061.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner wall of the end cavity 423 and the convex inner wall 1062a are arranged adjacent to each other along the motor axial direction Y. The surface roughness of the convex inner wall 1062a is set to be greater than the surface roughness of the convex outer wall 1062b. This helps reduce the difficulty and cost of processing the convex inner wall 1062a and the inner wall of the end cavity 423, and can prevent cooling oil from leaking through the convex inner wall 1062a. The surface roughness of the convex outer wall 1062b is less than that of the convex inner wall 1062a, and the surface roughness of the outer groove wall 1172 is less than that of the inner groove wall 1171. After processing, the surfaces of the convex outer wall 1062b and the outer groove wall 1172 are smooth, making the convex outer wall 1062b and the outer groove wall 1172 fit more tightly, thereby strengthening the connection between the motor end cover 110 and the motor housing 106 and improving the structural strength. In addition, the close fit between the outer wall 1062b of the protrusion and the outer groove wall 1172 is also conducive to enhancing the sealing effect, thereby avoiding the risk of cooling oil leakage.

[0090] In one embodiment, the housing stop protrusion 1062 and the motor housing 106 are integrally formed, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the motor housing 106. In one embodiment, the inner wall 1062a of the housing stop protrusion 1062 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 are both inner walls of the rough surface. Both the inner wall 1062a of the housing stop protrusion 1062 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 have a draft angle during demolding, and the inner diameter of the housing stop protrusion 1062 is greater than the diameter of the end cavity 423.

[0091] Please continue to refer to Figure 5. In one embodiment, the motor 100 also includes a guide ring 107, a motor winding 130 and a guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118. The guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 is fixed to the motor end cover 110. The guide ring 107 is fixed between the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 and the motor stator 120 along the motor axial direction Y. The guide ring 107 includes a guide hole 1071, and the end cavity 423 is used to accommodate part of the guide ring 107 and part of the motor winding 130.

[0092] The guide ring's axial limiting protrusion 118 and the housing's limiting groove 117 are arranged adjacent to each other along the motor's radial direction R. Along the motor's radial direction R, the guide holes 1071 penetrate the guide ring 107. The motor windings 130, the guide ring 107, and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 are arranged in intervals. Along the motor's radial direction R, the motor windings 130 and the guide ring 107 partially overlap in their projections along the motor's radial direction R. The motor windings 130 and the guide holes 1071 partially overlap in their projections along the motor's radial direction R. The projection of the guide ring 107 partially overlaps with the projection of the end cavity 423. The projection of the guide ring 107 partially overlaps with the projection of the stator cavity 422.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, the motor winding 130 is used to receive alternating current and generate alternating magnetic flux. When the motor 100 is in operation, the motor winding 130 generates heat, so cooling the motor winding 130 is required. This solution provides a guide ring 107 and a guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 in the motor 100. The guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 is used to secure the guide ring 107 along the motor axial direction Y to the side of the motor stator 120 near the motor end cover 110. Part of the guide ring 107 is located in the end cavity 423, and part of the guide ring 107 is located in the stator cavity 422. A through guide hole 1071 is provided on the guide ring 107. In the motor radial direction R, the projection of the motor winding 130 partially overlaps with the projection of the guide ring 107 and the projection of the guide hole 1071, so that the cooling oil can pass through the guide hole 1071 on the guide ring 107 to cool the motor winding 130 and improve the working efficiency of the motor 100.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide ring 107 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 are spaced apart. The projection of the guide ring 107 along the motor radial direction R partially overlaps with the projection of the end cavity 423. Due to the relatively high surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity 423, there is a gap between the guide ring 107 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 in the motor radial direction R. This allows cooling oil to flow from the guide ring 107 and through the guide holes 1071 to the motor windings 130, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cooling oil. The guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 and the housing limiting groove 117 are adjacently arranged along the motor radial direction R, resulting in a compact structural layout, which is conducive to reducing the volume of the motor 100 and achieving a miniaturized design.

[0095] In one embodiment, the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 is integrally formed with the motor end cover 110. This solution helps to enhance the overall structural strength of the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 and the motor end cover 110, improves the axial limiting effect of the guide ring 107, and enables the guide holes 1071 of the guide ring 107 to stably cool the motor winding 130 when the motor 100 is operating at high speed.

[0096] Please continue to refer to Figure 5. In one embodiment, the motor 100 further includes a guide ring radial limiting portion 119, wherein, along the motor axial direction Y, the guide ring radial limiting portion 119, the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 and the motor end cover 110 are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence and are relatively fixed, and the projected area of ​​the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 along the motor axial direction Y is smaller than the projected area of ​​the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 along the motor axial direction Y.

[0097] Along the radial direction R of the motor, the guide ring 107, the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 are arranged in sequence, the guide ring 107 and the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 are adjacent to each other, the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 are spaced apart, and the projections of the guide ring 107 and the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 along the radial direction R of the motor overlap.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 is disposed adjacent to the guide ring 107 along the motor radial direction R. The projections of the guide ring 107 and the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 along the motor radial direction R partially overlap, so that the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 can limit the movement of the guide ring 107 in the motor radial direction R. Along the motor radial direction R, the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 is located between the guide ring 107 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423. The guide ring radial limiting portion 119 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the end cavity 423, so that the housing limiting protrusion 1062 can smoothly pass through the gap between the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 and the inner wall of the end cavity 423 and enter the housing limiting groove 117. Along the motor axial direction Y, the projected area of ​​the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 is smaller than the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 , so that the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 will not block the connection between the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 and the guide ring 107 .

[0099] The axial limiting protrusion 118 of the guide ring is used to achieve axial limiting of the guide ring 107, and the radial limiting portion 119 of the guide ring is used to achieve radial limiting of the guide ring 107. The axial limiting protrusion 118 of the guide ring and the radial limiting portion 119 of the guide ring cooperate to make the guide ring 107 less likely to displace relative to the motor end cover 110 and the motor stator 120, which is beneficial to enhancing the structural stability of the guide ring 107.

[0100] In one embodiment, the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 and the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118 are integrally formed with the motor end cover 110. This solution helps to enhance the structural strength of the guide ring radial limiting portion 119 and improve the radial limiting effect of the guide ring 107, so that when the motor 100 is operating at high speed, the guide holes 1071 of the guide ring 107 can stably cool the motor winding 130.

[0101] Please continue to refer to Figures 4 to 6. In one embodiment, the motor end cover 110 also includes a screw hole 1101 (as shown in Figures 4 and 6). The motor end cover 110 is fixed to the motor housing 106 via a screw hole 108. The screw hole 108 is fixed in the screw hole 1101 and the bolt hole 1061 (as shown in Figures 4 and 6). Along the motor axial direction Y, the screw hole 1101 and the bolt hole 1061 are adjacent and connected (as shown in Figure 4). Along the motor radial direction R, the guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118, the housing limiting groove 117 and the screw hole 1101 are arranged in sequence (as shown in Figures 4 and 5).

[0102] In the embodiment of the present application, the closing bolts 108 are sequentially passed through the closing screw holes 1101 and the bolt holes 1061, thereby securing the motor end cover 110 to the motor housing 106 and ensuring the structural stability of the motor 100. The guide ring axial limiting protrusion 118, the housing limiting groove 117, and the closing screw holes 1101 are sequentially arranged in the motor radial direction R, resulting in a neat and compact structural layout, which helps to reduce the volume of the motor end cover 110.

[0103] In one embodiment, the screw hole 1101 and the bolt hole 1061 are coaxially arranged. This solution helps to reduce the difficulty of installing the screw hole 1101 and the bolt hole 1061, and improves the stability of the connection between the motor end cover 110 and the motor housing 106.

[0104] The motor 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used as a separate device in conjunction with a motor controller and a reducer, and the motor 100 can also be integrated with at least one of the motor controller and the reducer and applied in the powertrain 10.

[0105] Please refer to Figures 2 and 7 in combination. Figure 7 is a partial exploded view of a powertrain 10 provided in one embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the powertrain 10 includes a motor controller 200, a three-phase input copper busbar 101 and a motor 100 (as shown in Figures 2 and 7 in combination). The three-phase input copper busbar 101 is electrically connected to the motor winding 130 and the motor controller 200 through the winding connection hole 112 (as shown in Figures 2 and 7 in combination). The three-phase input copper busbar 101 includes three input copper busbars 1011 (as shown in Figures 2 and 7). The three input copper busbars 1011 are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction C of the motor (as shown in Figures 2 and 7).

[0106] In an embodiment of the present application, the motor controller 200 includes a capacitor module, a power module, a circuit board, a copper bus assembly, etc. The powertrain 10 integrates the motor 100 and the motor controller 200, which is conducive to improving the integration and power density of the powertrain 10. The three-phase input copper bus 101 is connected to the motor controller 200 and the motor winding 130 respectively. The motor controller 200 is used to convert direct current into alternating current. The motor controller 200 then outputs alternating current to the motor winding 130 through the three-phase input copper bus 101, wherein the three input copper buses 1011 in the three-phase input copper bus 101 transmit three-phase alternating current to the motor winding 130. The three input copper buses 1011 are arranged at intervals along the circumference C of the motor, which is conducive to reducing the electrical interference between the three input copper buses 1011 and ensuring the stability of the electrical connection.

[0107] Please continue to refer to Figure 4. In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 includes an integrated housing 400, which includes a reducer accommodating chamber 410 and a motor accommodating chamber 420. The motor housing 106 is an integrally formed structure, and the motor housing 106 is surrounded by a motor accommodating chamber 420. The motor accommodating chamber 420 is used to accommodate the motor 100, and the reducer accommodating chamber 410 is used to accommodate the reducer 300. Along the first direction Y, the motor accommodating chamber 420 passes through the integrated housing 400 and is connected to the reducer accommodating chamber 410. The motor shaft 140 of the motor 100 is used to drive the reducer 300. The first direction Y is parallel to the motor axial direction Y, and the motor 100 and the reducer 300 are arranged along the first direction Y.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present application, the motor axial direction Y refers to the axial direction of the motor shaft 140, the motor radial direction R refers to the radial direction of the motor shaft 140, and the motor circumferential direction refers to the circumferential direction of the motor shaft 140. The motor axial direction Y is recorded as the first direction Y. The integrated housing 400 is used to accommodate the reducer 300 and the motor 100, wherein the reducer 300 is located in the reducer accommodating cavity 410, and the motor 100 is located in the motor accommodating cavity 420 formed by the motor housing 106. The reducer 300 and the motor 100 share an integrated housing 400. In the embodiment of the present application, the reducer 300 includes a reducer input shaft, a reducer bearing, a gear assembly, etc. The motor 100 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and transmits power to the reducer 300 through the motor shaft 140.

[0109] In this embodiment of the present application, the integrated housing 400 further includes a reducer housing and a controller housing. The reducer housing encloses a reducer housing cavity 410, and the controller housing encloses a controller housing cavity. In one embodiment, the reducer housing and the motor housing are integrally molded, or the integrated housing 400 is integrally molded. In one embodiment, the reducer housing and the motor housing share adjacent housing portions.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, the powertrain 10 is a two-in-one powertrain, which uses an integrated housing 400 to accommodate the reducer 300 and the motor 100. Compared with the split powertrain, on the one hand, this embodiment is conducive to improving the integration of the powertrain 10, thereby increasing the space utilization of the powertrain 10 and reducing the cost. On the other hand, this embodiment can also enhance the stability of the overall structure of the powertrain 10.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, in the first direction Y, the motor housing cavity 420 extends through the integrated housing 400 and communicates with the reducer housing cavity 410, allowing the reducer input shaft to partially accommodate the motor shaft 140. The motor end cover 110 and the reducer end cover 310 are respectively arranged on either side of the motor 100 along the first direction Y. The motor end cover 110, the reducer end cover 310, and the integrated housing 400 collectively serve to protect the motor 100 and the reducer 300 from interference from the external environment, ensuring the normal operation of the motor 100 and the reducer 300.

[0112] Please refer to Figures 8 and 9. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the integrated housing 400 also includes a controller accommodating cavity 430, a DC input interface mounting hole 440 and an AC output interface mounting hole 450.

[0113] In one embodiment, the motor controller 200 further includes a DC input interface 270, and the DC input interface mounting hole 440 is used to fix the DC input interface 270. The DC input interface 270 is used to connect to the battery pack 30 to receive DC power.

[0114] In one embodiment, the motor controller 200 further includes an AC output interface 260, and the AC output interface mounting hole 450 is used to secure the AC output interface 260. The AC output interface 260 is connected to electrically connect the copper busbar assembly 240 and the three input copper busbars 1011. In this embodiment of the present application, the AC output interface 260 includes three wiring ports 261, which are used to electrically connect to the terminal ends of the motor windings 130 through the three input copper busbars 1011, respectively. The three input copper busbars 1011 are arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, the controller accommodating cavity 430 is used to accommodate the motor controller 200 , and the controller accommodating cavity 430 and the motor accommodating cavity 420 are arranged along the second direction Z, which is perpendicular to the first direction Y.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present application, the integrated housing 400 is used to accommodate the reducer 300, motor 100, and motor controller 200 therein. The integrated housing 400 includes a reducer housing, a motor housing, and a controller housing, wherein the controller housing encloses a controller accommodating cavity 430. In one embodiment, the reducer housing, the motor housing, and the controller housing are integrally molded, or the integrated housing 400 is integrally molded. In one embodiment, the reducer housing, the motor housing, and the controller housing share adjacent housing portions.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present application, the powertrain 10 is a three-in-one powertrain, which uses an integrated housing 400 to accommodate the reducer 300, the motor 100 and the motor controller 200. Compared with the split powertrain, on the one hand, this embodiment is conducive to improving the integration of the powertrain, thereby increasing the space utilization of the powertrain and reducing the cost. On the other hand, this embodiment can also enhance the stability of the overall structure of the powertrain.

[0118] Please continue to refer to Figures 6 and 7. The motor end cover 110 includes an AC output interface connecting hole 115, a winding wiring hole 112 and a cooling hole 113 (as shown in Figures 6 and 7). The three input copper bars 1011 pass through the winding wiring hole 112 and are electrically connected to the motor winding 130. Among them, along the first direction Y, the DC input interface mounting hole 440 and the AC output interface mounting hole 450 respectively pass through the integrated housing 400 and are connected to the controller accommodating cavity 430 (as shown in Figures 6 and 7). The AC output interface connecting hole 115, the winding wiring hole 112 and cooling holes 113 both pass through the motor end cover 110 (as shown in FIG6 ), the DC input interface mounting hole 440 and the AC output interface mounting hole 450 are arranged opposite to each other (as shown in FIG7 ), the projection of the AC output interface connecting hole 115 covers the projection of the AC output interface mounting hole 450 (as shown in FIG6 ), the projection of the three-phase input copper busbar 101 partially overlaps with the projection of the AC output interface connecting hole 115 (as shown in FIG6 ), and the projection of the three input copper busbars 1011 partially overlaps with the projection of the cooling hole 113 (as shown in FIG6 ).

[0119] In the embodiment of the present application, the motor end cover 110 integrates the AC output interface connecting hole 115, the cooling hole 113, and the winding wiring hole 112, which can reduce the volume of the motor end cover 110, thereby facilitating the miniaturization design and high power density of the motor 100. The DC input interface mounting hole 440 and the AC output interface mounting hole 450 are arranged relative to each other along the first direction Y and are respectively located at the two ends of the controller accommodating cavity 430 along the first direction Y. On the one hand, this is conducive to avoiding electrical interference between DC and AC during the transmission process, thereby improving safety performance. On the other hand, the AC output interface mounting hole 450 is arranged adjacent to the motor 100, which is conducive to shortening the distance between the motor controller 200 and the wiring terminal of the motor 100.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, the AC output interface mounting hole 450 and the AC output interface connecting hole 115 are jointly used to accommodate the AC output interface 260. In the first direction Y, the AC output interface connecting hole 115 is located on the side of the AC output interface mounting hole 450 away from the DC input interface mounting hole 440, and the projection of the AC output interface connecting hole 115 covers the projection of the AC output interface mounting hole 450, so that the AC output interface 260 can pass through the AC output interface mounting hole 450 and the AC output interface connecting hole 115 in sequence.

[0121] In the embodiment of the present application, the three-phase input copper busbar 101 is respectively connected to the AC output interface 260 and the electrical connector 150. This solution arranges the projection of the three-phase input copper busbar 101 to partially overlap with the projection of the winding connection hole 112 and the AC output interface connection hole 115, which helps reduce energy loss along the transmission path. When the input copper busbar 1011 transmits electrical energy, some of the electrical power is converted into heat, causing the input copper busbar 1011 to heat up. Therefore, this solution arranges the projection of the three input copper busbars 1011 to partially overlap with the projection of the cooling hole 113, so that the cooling oil flowing out of the cooling hole can cool the input copper busbar 1011.

[0122] It is understood that in the embodiment of the present application, since the extension direction of the AC output interface connecting hole 115 is parallel or substantially parallel to the projection direction (i.e., the first direction Y), the projection of the AC output interface connecting hole 115 refers to the projection of the area enclosed by the hole wall of the AC output interface connecting hole 115. The above explanation also applies to the projections of other through holes in the embodiment of the present application.

[0123] 7 , along the motor radial direction R, the winding connection holes 112 are arranged between the AC output interface communication hole 115 and the motor shaft 140 , and the cooling holes 113 are arranged between the AC output interface communication hole 115 and the winding connection holes 112 .

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, in the radial direction R of the motor, the AC output interface connecting hole 115, the cooling hole 113, the winding connection hole 112 and the motor shaft 140 are arranged in sequence. The positional relationship of the above structure reflects the layout characteristics of the AC output interface 260, the input copper bus 1011, the electrical connector 150 and the motor shaft 140, conforms to the flow of energy, and shortens the energy transmission path in the powertrain 10.

[0125] Please continue to refer to Figure 6. Along the first direction Y, the cooling hole 113 is arranged adjacent to the housing limit groove 117 of the motor 100, and the cooling hole 113 is connected to the housing limit groove 117. In the embodiment of the present application, the housing limit groove 117 is arranged adjacent to the guide ring 107 (as shown in Figure 5). Part of the cooling oil cools the motor winding 130 through the guide ring 107, and the remaining cooling oil can flow into the cooling hole 113 through the housing limit groove 117. Since the cooling hole 113 is connected to both sides of the motor end cover 110 along the motor axial direction Y, the cooling hole 113 is arranged adjacent to the electrical connector 150 and the three-phase input copper bus 101 (as shown in Figure 7). Therefore, after the cooling oil enters the cooling hole 113 and flows out of the motor 100, it can further cool the electrical connector 150 and the three-phase input copper bus 101, ensuring that the motor 100 operates within a suitable temperature range and improving the utilization rate of the cooling oil.

[0126] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the projection along the first direction Y refers to the projection along the first direction Y on a projection plane perpendicular to the first direction Y, wherein the projection plane of the projection along the first direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction Y. The projection along the second direction Z refers to the projection along the second direction Z on a projection plane perpendicular to the second direction Z, wherein the projection plane of the projection along the second direction Z is perpendicular to the second direction Z. The projection along the third direction X refers to the projection along the third direction X on a projection plane perpendicular to the third direction X, wherein the projection plane of the projection along the third direction X is perpendicular to the third direction X.

[0127] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the projections of the hole, cavity and opening refer to the projections of the areas enclosed by the hole wall, the inner wall of the cavity or the inner wall of the opening respectively.

[0128] The above is a detailed introduction to the motor, powertrain and electric vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present application, there will be changes in the specific embodiments and application scope. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. An oil-proof motor, characterized in that: The motor comprises a motor housing and a motor stator. The motor housing comprises a motor accommodating cavity. The motor accommodating cavity penetrates the motor housing along the motor axis. The motor accommodating cavity is used to fix the motor stator. The motor accommodating cavity comprises a stator cavity and an end cavity. The stator cavity and the end cavity are arranged adjacent to each other, wherein: Along the axial direction of the motor, the length of the stator cavity is greater than or equal to the length of the motor stator; Along the radial direction of the motor, the inner diameter of the end cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the stator cavity; The inner wall of the end cavity is a rough surface, and the inner wall of the stator cavity is a machined surface.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface roughness of the blank surface is greater than the surface roughness of the machined surface, or the density of the blank surface is greater than the density of the machined surface.

3. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that One end of the end cavity and the other end of the end cavity are arranged along the axial direction of the motor, the diameter of the one end of the end cavity is larger than the diameter of the other end of the end cavity, and the other end of the end cavity is adjacent to the stator cavity.

4. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that Along the axial direction of the motor, the length of the end cavity is smaller than the length of the stator cavity, and the length of the end cavity is smaller than the length of the motor stator; A projection of the motor stator along the radial direction of the motor is located within a projection of the stator cavity along the radial direction of the motor.

5. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The motor housing further comprises bolt holes, which are used to fix the motor housing and the motor end cover, wherein: Along the radial direction of the motor, the projection of the bolt hole is located within the projection of the end cavity; Along the radial direction of the motor, the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity and the bolt hole is greater than the distance between the inner wall of the stator cavity and the outer surface of the motor housing.

6. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that The surface roughness of the inner wall of the end cavity is greater than the surface roughness of the wall of the bolt hole; or the wall of the bolt hole is a machined surface.

7. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that The motor further comprises a motor end cover, the motor end cover comprises a casing limiting groove, the motor housing comprises a casing limiting convex portion, the casing limiting groove is used to accommodate the casing limiting convex portion, wherein: Along the axial direction of the motor, the casing limiting groove is recessed from the motor end cover away from the motor stator, and the casing limiting protrusion protrudes from the motor housing toward the motor end cover; Along the radial direction of the motor, the housing limiting protrusions and the bolt holes are arranged at intervals; Along the circumference of the motor, the housing limit groove and the housing limit protrusion both surround the motor axis.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that The housing limiting groove comprises an inner groove wall and an outer groove wall, the housing limiting convex portion comprises a convex portion inner wall and a convex portion outer wall, and the inner groove wall, the convex portion inner wall, the convex portion outer wall and the outer groove wall are arranged along the radial direction of the motor; The inner wall of the convex portion and the inner groove wall are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the motor, and the outer wall of the convex portion is in contact with the outer groove wall; The surface roughness of the inner wall of the convex portion is greater than the surface roughness of the outer wall of the convex portion, and the surface roughness of the inner groove wall is greater than the surface roughness of the outer groove wall; Along the axial direction of the motor, the inner wall of the stator cavity, the inner wall of the end cavity and the inner wall of the convex portion are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence; Along the radial direction of the motor, the distance between the inner wall of the protrusion and the outer wall of the protrusion is smaller than the distance between the inner wall of the end cavity and the bolt hole.

9. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that The motor further comprises a guide ring, a motor winding and an axial limiting convex portion of the guide ring, wherein the axial limiting convex portion of the guide ring is fixed to the motor end cover, and the guide ring is fixed between the axial limiting convex portion of the guide ring and the motor stator along the axial direction of the motor, the guide ring comprises a guide hole, and the end cavity is used to accommodate part of the guide ring and part of the motor winding, wherein: The guide ring axial limiting protrusion and the casing limiting groove are arranged adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the motor; Along the radial direction of the motor, the guide hole penetrates the guide ring, and the motor winding, the guide ring and the inner wall of the end cavity are arranged at intervals; Along the radial direction of the motor, the motor winding partially overlaps with the projection of the guide ring along the radial direction of the motor, the motor winding partially overlaps with the projection of the guide hole along the radial direction of the motor, the projection of the guide ring partially overlaps with the projection of the end cavity, and the projection of the guide ring partially overlaps with the projection of the stator cavity.

10. The motor according to claim 9, characterized in that The motor further comprises a guide ring radial limiting portion, wherein: Along the axial direction of the motor, the radial limiting portion of the guide ring, the axial limiting convex portion of the guide ring and the motor end cover are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence and are relatively fixed, and the projection area of ​​the radial limiting portion of the guide ring along the axial direction of the motor is smaller than the projection area of ​​the axial limiting convex portion of the guide ring along the axial direction of the motor; Along the radial direction of the motor, the guide ring, the guide ring radial limiting portion and the inner wall of the end cavity are arranged in sequence, the guide ring and the guide ring radial limiting portion are adjacent, the guide ring radial limiting portion and the inner wall of the end cavity are spaced apart, and the guide ring and the guide ring radial limiting portion are partially overlapped in their projections along the radial direction of the motor.

11. A powertrain, characterized in that: The power assembly includes a motor controller, a three-phase input copper bar and the motor as described in any one of claims 1-10, the motor controller is electrically connected to the motor winding of the motor through the three-phase input copper bar, the three-phase input copper bar includes three input copper bars, and the three input copper bars are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the motor.

12. The powertrain according to claim 11, characterized in that: The power assembly includes an integrated housing, which includes the motor housing, the reducer accommodating chamber and the motor accommodating chamber. The motor housing is an integrally formed structure, and the motor housing is arranged to form the motor accommodating chamber. The motor accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the motor stator, and the reducer accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the reducer. The motor accommodating chamber passes through the integrated housing along a first direction and is connected with the reducer accommodating chamber. The motor shaft of the motor is used to drive the reducer. The first direction is parallel to the motor axial direction, and the motor and the reducer are arranged along the first direction.

13. The powertrain according to claim 12, characterized in that: The integrated housing further comprises a controller accommodating cavity, a DC input interface mounting hole and an AC output interface mounting hole, the controller accommodating cavity is used to accommodate the motor controller, the controller accommodating cavity and the motor accommodating cavity are arranged along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the motor end cover comprises an AC output interface connecting hole, a winding wiring hole and a cooling hole, the three input copper bars are electrically connected to the motor winding through the winding wiring hole, wherein: Along the first direction, the DC input interface mounting hole and the AC output interface mounting hole respectively penetrate the integrated housing and are connected to the controller accommodating cavity, the AC output interface connecting hole, the winding wiring hole and the cooling hole all penetrate the motor end cover, the DC input interface mounting hole and the AC output interface mounting hole are arranged opposite to each other, the projection of the AC output interface connecting hole covers the projection of the AC output interface mounting hole, the projection of the three-phase input copper busbar partially overlaps with the projection of the AC output connecting hole, and the projection of the three input copper busbars partially overlaps with the projection of the cooling hole; Along the radial direction of the motor, the winding connection hole is arranged between the AC output interface connecting hole and the motor shaft, and the cooling hole is arranged between the AC output interface connecting hole and the winding connection hole; Along the first direction, the cooling hole is arranged adjacent to the limiting groove of the casing of the motor, and the cooling hole is communicated with the limiting groove of the casing.

14. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body, wheels and a motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 or a power assembly as described in any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the motor or the power assembly is used to drive the wheels, and the vehicle body is used to fix the motor or the power assembly.

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