Graphical pointer for an autostereoscopic display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling an autostereoscopic display device when a graphical pointer is to be used in or near a displayed virtual 3D- environment for selecting or manipulating a virtual element of the virtual 3D- environment. As the graphical pointer is observed by a viewer at another depth than the indicated element, it is not a priori evident which virtual element is exactly being indicated from the viewer's point of view (an effect of the phenomenon of motion parallax). The method of the present invention solves this problem by calculating what is exactly behind graphical pointer as viewed by the viewer, using the viewer's eye position and the perceived position of the graphical pointer in the real world. The method may then be followed by detecting a user action and, based on the viewer action, activating a function that is associated with the location at which the graphical pointer is pointing.

Description

[0001] GRAPHICAL POINTER FOR AN AUTOSTEREOSCOPIC DISPLAY DEVICE

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The invention relates to a method for controlling an autostereoscopic display device and to an autostereoscopic display device.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] Autostereoscopic displays allow a viewer to perceive three-dimensional images of a three-dimensional environment without a dedicated eyewear device such as a head set, a head-mounted display, glasses, etc. It is in particular possible to adapt three-dimensional images to movement of the viewer relative to the display. For example, an object in the background may become invisible to a viewer due to motion parallax, when an object on the foreground blocks the line of sight to the background object (occlusion). Also, a viewer may observe a displayed three-dimensional object from different angles and thus from different perspectives (the so-called ‘look-around’ effect).

[0006] Applications of autostereoscopic displays are however not limited to simply consuming three-dimensional content. Many applications rely on an interaction of the viewer with the display and require a viewer input. Such applications for example concern games, electronic learning environments, the metaverse, flight simulators, virtual painting or drawing applications, designer applications, office applications, and the like. The interaction of the viewer with the device here typically occurs through a graphical user interface (GUI). A graphical pointer may then be displayed over the GUI, which can be controlled by the viewer through an interface device such as a mouse, a pointing stick, a touchpad, a trackball, a joystick or a virtual keyboard. Controlling the graphical pointer here means for example that a user can move it over the displayed three-dimensional environment and select an element of the GUI that is associated with the graphical pointer.

[0007] The principle of a graphical pointer is well-known from two-dimensional (or monoscopic) displays. A typical example is a mouse cursor which can be moved over displayed content on a monitor or screen, generated by a desktop computer or laptop. The introduction of such graphical pointer in three-dimensional environments is however not straightforward. When applied for a two-dimensional environment, it is per definition at the same depth as all of the other displayed content (viz. at screen depth). The pointer then points at the same element in the two-dimensional environment for every viewing position. This is however different when a three-dimensional environment is concerned, where a graphical pointer may be subject to the above highlighted phenomenon of motion parallax. This means that, depending on the viewer’s line of sight, different background objects may be occluded by a graphical pointer that is on the foreground. It is thus not prima facie clear which object is pointed at. As a result, it is not possible to make a proper selection of an element of a three-dimensional GUI or of an element in a particular three-dimensional environment (e.g. to press a particular button or to fire a bullet at a particular object, respectively).

[0008] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an autostereoscopic display device that has an improved graphical pointer, in particular a pointer with an improved accuracy. It is also an object to provide a method for controlling an autostereoscopic display device wherein a more accurate selection of content can be made with a graphical pointer.

[0010] It is more generally an object to provide a viewer with an improved interaction with an autostereoscopic display device.

[0011] It has now been found that one or more of these objects can be reached by using eye position data in a particular way. Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method for controlling an autostereoscopic display device, wherein the method comprises the steps of

[0012] - determining a position of one or both eyes of a viewer of the autostereoscopic display device relative to the autostereoscopic display device;

[0013] - displaying a stereoscopic image of a 3D-environment to a viewer, to provide the viewer with a virtual 3D-environment;

[0014] - displaying a graphical pointer to the viewer of the autostereoscopic display device, which graphical pointer is movable with respect to the virtual 3D-environment and has a known position relative to the virtual 3D- environment;

[0015] - determining a pointing location in the stereoscopic image, which is the location to which the graphical pointer is pointing from the viewer’s eye position, by using the position of one or both eyes and the position of the graphical pointer.

[0016] The present invention further relates to an autostereoscopic display device comprising an eye tracker configured to determine the position of the eyes of a viewer relative to the autostereoscopic display device, wherein the autostereoscopic display device is configured to

[0017] - display a graphical pointer to the viewer of the autostereoscopic display device, which graphical pointer is movable within a displayed virtual

[0018] 3D environment and has a known position in the virtual 3D-environment;

[0019] - determine a pointing location in the stereoscopic image, which is the location to which the graphical pointer is pointing from the viewer’s eye position, by using the position of one or both eyes as obtained from the eye tracker and the position of the graphical pointer.

[0020] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 schematically displays a top view of a first setting wherein a first embodiment of the method of the invention is carried out.

[0022] Figure 2 schematically displays a top view of a second setting wherein a second embodiment of the method of the invention is carried out.

[0023] Figure 3 schematically displays a top view of a third setting wherein a third embodiment of the method of the invention is carried out.

[0024] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] The figures do not limit the present invention to the specific embodiments disclosed therein and described in the present description. Elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the invention. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve understanding of various exemplary embodiments of the present invention. In particular, the shapes and the relative dimensions of a viewer, an autostereoscopic display device, a displayed virtual 3D-environment and a displayed graphical pointer cannot be derived from the figures.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, and the like herein, if any, are generally used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order.

[0027] In the context of the invention, by the term ‘viewer’ is meant a person consuming the content that is presented to him by an autostereoscopic display device according to the present invention. A viewer of an autostereoscopic display device is also a user of the autostereoscopic display device.

[0028] Further, a viewer and a user are understood to be a real entity existing in the real world, such as a male or female person or an animal. Throughout the text, references to the viewer and the user will be made by male words like ‘he’, ‘him’ or ‘his’. This is however only for the purpose of clarity and conciseness, and it is understood that female words like ‘she’, and ‘her’ equally apply.

[0029] Throughout the text, the term “3D” is used for the sake of conciseness. This term is meant to be equivalent to the term “three-dimensional”. For example, the terms “3D-view”, “3D-shape” and “3D-environment” are meant to indicate “three-dimensional view”, “three-dimensional shape” and “three-dimensional environment”, respectively.

[0030] In the context of the invention, the term ‘virtual 3D-environment’ refers to a displayed stereoscopic image of a 3D-environment, wherein the viewer perceives that the virtual 3D-environment is present in his field of observation. A viewer then perceives virtual elements in his field of observation that are a part of the virtual 3D-environment, such as virtual objects or virtual persons.

[0031] The 3D-environment itself is usually artificially created and does not exist in reality. Alternatively, it may however also be a so-called ‘digital twin’, which is a three-dimensional representation of a real 3D-environment. Such digital copy reflects the physical and functional characteristics of elements that exist in reality.

[0032] The virtual 3D-environment may comprise a graphical user interface (GUI). For example, such GUI is an overlay over a particular scene in the virtual 3D-environment. It may for example comprise a plurality of selectable menu items, which can then be perceived by a viewer as virtual buttons. As will be further elaborated below, these buttons are selectable according to a method of the invention, when the pointing location happens to be on their surface.

[0033] A 3D-environment (artificially created or a digital twin) is represented by data that is typically contained in a memory storage, which can be read and modified by a computing means.

[0034] Such data representing a 3D-environment typically comprises a 3D-mapping of elements that are present within the 3D-environment in the sense that the data represent at least their 3D-shape and their mutual positioning (including mutual orientation) in the environment. Other properties of the different elements may also be provided by the memory, such as surface properties, mechanical behavior (e.g. to be applied when elements collide), reflection of light, etc. This allows a realistic display of the 3D-environment from different points of view, giving a viewer the perception that he can look around displayed objects, just as he can do in real life (the so-called ‘look-around effect’).

[0035] It is however not necessary that a 3D-environment is displayed with a look-around effect. It may also be displayed with one perspective that is independent from viewing position, wherein the viewer still perceives a 3D-view of the 3D-environment.

[0036] A virtual 3D-environment as perceived by the viewer is not necessarily stationary, since it may evolve in time in the sense that it is subject to changes, for example due to virtual objects that move relative to other virtual objects in the virtual 3D-environment. An evolving virtual 3D-environment may evolve due to changes that are the result of predictable events that are programmed as being part of the virtual 3D-environment; or due to changes that are the result of input from the real world. The latter may be an unpredictable event induced by a viewer, for example a viewer’s reaction to an event that happens in the virtual 3D-environment (e.g. the pressing of a virtual button positioned in the virtual 3D-environment or the firing of a virtual bullet with a real or virtual gun at a virtual element in the virtual 3D-environment).

[0037] Autostereoscopic display devices are known in the art, e.g. from WO2013120785A2. Important components of an autostereoscopic display device in a method of the invention are 1 ) a display element for displaying a stereoscopic image to a viewer; and 2) an eye tracker for tracking the position of the eyes of the viewer relative to the display element.

[0038] The display element is a means for displaying a stereoscopic image to a viewer whose eyes are tracked by the eye tracker. Such display means comprises an array of pixels for producing a display output and a parallax barrier or a lenticular lens that is provided over the array to be able to direct a left eye image to the viewer’s left eye and a right eye image to the viewer’s right eye.

[0039] The eye tracker comprises a means for tracking the position of one or both eyes of a viewer in time. The obtained sequential positions are relative to the position of the eye tracker, and ultimately to the position of the autostereoscopic display device itself (in particular to its display element). An eye tracker is typically a fixed part of the autostereoscopic display device in that it has a fixed and known position relative to the display element.

[0040] Tracking of an eye may comprise tracking of the eyes as a whole. Preferably, the tracking comprises tracking of the pupil of the eye.

[0041] The obtained position data of the eyes are used to determine the pointing location in the stereoscopic image, as will be further elaborated below.

[0042] The obtained position data of the eyes may also be used to simultaneously direct a left eye image to a left eye of the viewer and a right eye image to a right eye of the viewer (a left eye image may also be directed at other areas, as long as it does not hit the right eye and vice versa). The use of eye position data is however not essential to drive an autostereoscopic display device. It is in principle also possible to realize autostereoscopic viewing without an eye tracker.

[0043] In the context of the present invention, a graphical pointer is a symbol or graphical image displayed by an autostereoscopic display device. It echoes movements of an interface device, such as a mouse, pointing stick, touchpad, trackball, joystick, virtual keyboard or a hand tracker capable of recognizing gestures such as hand movements). A graphical pointer is typically capable of being operated or controlled by a user or viewer, thereby signaling a location in a displayed content where intended actions of the user or viewer may take place, for example manipulation or selection of an element of the virtual 3D-environment, e.g. a graphical user interface (GUI) such as a menu, a button, a scrollbar or any other widget.

[0044] In a method of the invention, the autostereoscopic display device displays a graphical pointer to the viewer, which is performed simultaneous to its displaying of the virtual 3D-environment. In doing so, the graphical pointer may be perceived by the viewer as a part of the displayed virtual 3D-environment. It is movable relative to the virtual 3D-environment, for example within or alongside the virtual 3D-environment. Further, the graphical pointer has a position relative to the virtual 3D-environment that is known or at least may be obtained from a processor of the autostereoscopic display device that is involved in the rendering of the graphical pointer.

[0045] In a method of the invention, a graphical pointer is typically displayed on a foreground, so that it cannot be occluded by parts of the virtual 3D-environment. A viewer then typically observes that the graphical pointer occludes a part of the virtual 3D-environment at a more background position.

[0046] When controlled by a user, a graphical pointer may in principle be placed at any position with respect to the virtual 3D-environment, as long as the graphical pointer stays in the field of view of the autostereoscopic display device.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the graphical pointer moves in a particular plane relative to the virtual 3D-environment. This corresponds to movement of the graphical pointer in two dimensions, which makes it easier for a viewer to control the graphical pointer than when the graphical pointer is movable in three dimensions. Accordingly, an autostereoscopic display device in a method of the invention may comprise a setting that, when activated, confines movement of the graphical pointer to movement in a particular plane within or along the virtual 3D-environment. Consequently, an autostereoscopic display device in a method of the invention may also comprise a feature allowing the viewer to define the particular plane for movement of the graphical pointer.

[0048] Alternatively, a graphical pointer may also follow the contours of a surface in the virtual 3D-environment. Accordingly, an autostereoscopic display device in a method of the invention may comprise a setting that, when activated, confines movement of the graphical pointer to movement over a surface of an element in the virtual 3D-environment, or to movement at a fixed distance from that surface.

[0049] When a user or viewer wishes to select or manipulate an element in the virtual 3D-environment by means of a graphical pointer, then he will do so by first placing the graphical pointer over the particular element to thereby indicate the particular element. The actual selection or manipulation then occurs as a result of a particular user action.

[0050] Since the graphical pointer is usually observed at another depth than the indicated element, it is not a priori evident which element is exactly being indicated. This will depend on the position of the viewer relative to the virtual 3D-environment (and thus relative to the autostereoscopic display device), which is an effect of the phenomenon of motion parallax. The method of the present invention solves this problem with respect to the graphical pointer by calculating what is exactly behind graphical pointer, in particular behind a tip of the graphical pointer, as viewed by the viewer ( / .e. from the viewer’s point of view). The outcome of this calculation will then be the exact point in the virtual 3D-environment to which the graphical pointer is pointing, as experienced by the viewer.

[0051] For the purpose of the invention, this point to be determined is identified by the term ‘pointing location’. This is also the location in the stereoscopic image with which the viewer may seek a viewer interaction, such as selecting or manipulating a particular virtual element. The viewer interaction then occurs with this particular pointing location in the stereoscopic image. For example, the pointing location is on a graphical interface, such as a selectable menu item or a pressable virtual button.

[0052] The pointing location is determined by using the position of one or both eyes and the position of the graphical pointer. This is preferably performed by the steps of

[0053] - defining a straight virtual line by taking the position of an eye of the viewer and the position of the graphical pointer;

[0054] - calculating the pointing location in the virtual 3D-environment, which is the location where the straight virtual line intersects with a surface of an element in the virtual 3D-environment, wherein the surface of the element in the virtual 3D-environment is a virtual surface that is nearest to the eye of the viewer along the straight virtual line.

[0055] Herein, the straight virtual line is defined by two points in the real environment in front of the display device, which two points are 1 ) the position of one or both eyes of the viewer and 2) the position of the graphical pointer (i.e. the position in the real environment at which the graphical pointer is perceived). In essence, the straight virtual line is equivalent to the viewer’s line of sight in reality. The term ‘line of sight’ may therefore equally well be used as the term ‘straight virtual line’.

[0056] This principle is illustrated in Figure 1 , which schematically displays a top view of a setting (1 ) wherein a virtual 3D-environment (3) is displayed by an autostereoscopic display device (2) to a viewer. The autostereoscopic display device (2) comprises a memory (2a) for storing image data, a processor (2b), an eye tracker (2c) and a display element (2d). The virtual 3D-environment (3) is represented by the area within the dashed line (alternating segments of different length) that encircles the display element (2d). For the sake of clarity, the area does not contain displayed elements of the virtual 3D-environment (3) - except for a plurality of menu buttons (4). These form a GUI that is present in the virtual 3D-environment. The GUI is controlled by the viewer through a mouse (10) as an interface device. In the setting (1 ), a displayed graphical pointer (5) is present. The position of both eyes (6) of a viewer (7) is represented by a single averaged eye position. A sight line (8) is present from the averaged eye position towards the tip of the graphical pointer (5). Further towards the autostereoscopic display device (2), the sight line (8) hits a surface of an element of the virtual 3D-environment (3). This point of intersection forms the point that is indicated by the graphical pointer (5) from the viewer’s point of view, which is the pointing location (9) on a menu button (4).

[0057] Strictly speaking, however, the viewer sees the graphical pointer with both eyes at the same time. This is visualized in Figure 2, which displays a setting (1 ) similar to that of Figure 1 , but wherein a sight line (8) is drawn for each of both eyes (6). The viewer’s eyes (6) converge at the graphical pointer (5), and the sight line (8) of each eye (6) then hits a different point on the virtual 3D-environment (3) displayed by display element (2d), i.e. there are two different pointing locations (9). This demonstrates that a viewer (7) may see two pointing locations (9) in the virtual 3D-environment (3). This may not be disturbing to the viewer when the distance between the graphical pointer (5) on the one hand and the pointing locations (9) on the other hand is small, because then the two pointing locations (9) are close to one another. However, the larger the distance between the graphical pointer (5) and the pointing locations (9) is, the larger is the separation between the two pointing locations (9), and the more this may be disturbing to the viewer.

[0058] It was however realized by the inventors that the human visual system can make a correction for this by processing predominantly the information received by one of the eyes, which eye is commonly identified as a ‘dominant eye’. This phenomenon is known as ‘ocular dominance’. The method of the invention may therefore in particular be performed by using the position of the dominant eye. This is visualized in Figure 3, which displays the setting (1 ) of Figure 2, but wherein a sight line (8) is drawn for only one eye (6), which eye is the dominant eye.

[0059] Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention,

[0060] - the method of the invention is preceded by a step of determining which eye of the viewer is a dominant eye and / or a step of providing input about which eye of the viewer is a dominant eye;

[0061] - the step of defining a straight virtual line is performed by taking the position of the dominant eye of the viewer and the position of the graphical pointer.

[0062] A person's dominant eye can be determined by methods known in the art, such as the Miles test, the Porta test or the Dolman method.

[0063] Instead of using the principle of ocular dominance for arriving at a single pointing location, one may also average two different pointing locations to obtain one single pointing location.

[0064] Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, the pointing location is determined for each of both eyes so that two pointing locations are obtained; a single pointing location is determined from the two obtained pointing locations by determining an average pointing location for both pointing locations. Another way to arrive at one single pointing location when both eyes are to be taken into account, is to take a single position representing both eyes for the calculation of the pointing location. Therefore, in yet another embodiment of the present invention, the position of both eyes of a viewer may be represented by a single averaged eye position, for example a position located halfway an imaginable line that connects both eyes.

[0065] In accordance with a method of the invention, the pointing location is the first surface of a virtual element that is encountered when moving along the straight virtual line from the viewer’s eyes via the graphical pointer towards the virtual 3D-environment. Preferably, however, when the straight virtual line meets a surface of a transparent or partly transparent virtual element, then the pointing location should not be at such surface, but at the first non-transparent surface that is encountered when moving further along the straight virtual line. An example of such transparent or semi-transparent virtual element is for example a smoke, a window or a liquid.

[0066] Therefore, in another embodiment, the virtual 3D-environment comprises one or more elements that are at least partly transparent and which have a property that their surface is not taken into account for determining which surface of an element in the virtual 3D-environment is nearest to the eye of the viewer along the straight virtual line.

[0067] The method of the invention is usually not only aimed at determining a pointing location in the stereoscopic image, but also at using this pointing location in a subsequent method step that comprises a viewer interaction. Such interaction typically comprises the activation of a function that is associated with the pointing location in the stereoscopic image. Such activation entails an action by the viewer that is performed for the pointing location. Such action may be selecting a menu item (e.g. allowing navigation on a website); pressing a button (e.g. allowing to choose a particular color of an object for sale in a web shop); manipulating the virtual 3D-environment by displacing a virtual object or by creating a virtual line with a virtual pencil (e.g. allowing to make a 3D-design); or firing with a virtual gun at a position in the virtual 3D-environment that coincides with the pointing location (e.g. allowing to destroy a virtual object in a game).

[0068] Therefore, in an embodiment, the method of the invention is followed by - detecting a viewer action that is performed for the pointing location; and

[0069] - based on the viewer action, activating a function that is associated with the pointing location in the stereoscopic image.

[0070] The present invention further relates to an autostereoscopic display device comprising an eye tracker configured to determine the position of the eyes of a viewer of the autostereoscopic display device relative to the autostereoscopic display device, wherein the autostereoscopic display device is configured to

[0071] - display a graphical pointer to the viewer of the autostereoscopic display device, which graphical pointer is movable within a displayed virtual 3D environment and has a known position in the virtual 3D-environment;

[0072] - determine a pointing location in the stereoscopic image, which is the location to which the graphical pointer is pointing from the viewer’s eye position, by using the position of one or both eyes as obtained from the eye tracker and the position of the graphical pointer. The autostereoscopic display device may be selected from the group of televisions, desktop computer monitors, laptops, mobile phones, tablets and game consoles.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . Method for controlling an autostereoscopic display device, wherein the method comprises the steps of- determining a position of one or both eyes of a viewer of the autostereoscopic display device relative to the autostereoscopic display device;- displaying a stereoscopic image of a 3D-environment to a viewer, to provide the viewer with a virtual 3D-environment;- displaying a graphical pointer to the viewer of the autostereoscopic display device, which graphical pointer is movable with respect to the virtual 3D-environment and has a known position relative to the virtual 3D- environment;- determining a pointing location in the stereoscopic image, which is the location to which the graphical pointer is pointing from the viewer’s eye position, by using the position of one or both eyes and the position of the graphical pointer.

2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein determining the pointing location comprises the steps of- defining a straight virtual line by taking the position of an eye of the viewer and the position of the graphical pointer;- calculating the pointing location in the virtual 3D-environment, which is the location where the straight virtual line intersects with a surface of an element in the virtual 3D-environment, wherein a surface of an element in the virtual 3D-environment is a virtual surface that is nearest to the eye of the viewer along the straight virtual line.

3. Method according to claim 2, wherein- the method is preceded by a step of determining which eye of the viewer is a dominant eye and / or a step of providing input concerning which eye of the viewer is a dominant eye;the step of defining a straight virtual line is performed by taking the position of the dominant eye of the viewer and the position of the graphical pointer.

4. Method according to claim 2, wherein the position of both eyes is represented by a single averaged eye position, for example a position located halfway an imaginable line that connects both eyes.

5. Method according to claim 2, wherein- the pointing location is determined for each of both eyes so that two pointing locations are obtained;- a single pointing location is determined from the two obtained pointing locations by determining an average pointing location for both pointing locations.

6. Method according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein the virtual 3D-environment comprises one or more elements that are at least partly transparent and which have a property that their surface is not taken into account as a surface of an element in the virtual 3D-environment that is nearest to the eye of the viewer along the straight virtual line.

7. Method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the step of determining a position of one or both eyes of a viewer comprises determining a position of one or both pupils of a viewer.

8. Method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the graphical pointer is capable of being controlled by the viewer through an interface device, such as a pointing device selected from the group of a mouse, a pointing stick, a touchpad, a trackball, a joystick and a virtual keyboard.

9. Method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the autostereoscopic display device comprises a setting that, when activated, confines movement of the graphical pointer to movement in a particular plane within the virtual 3D-environment.

10. Method according to claim 9, wherein the autostereoscopic display device comprises a feature allowing the viewer to define the particular plane for movement of the graphical pointer.11 . Method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the autostereoscopic display device comprises a setting that, when activated, confines movement of the graphical pointer to movement over a surface of an element in the virtual 3D-environment, or movement at a fixed distance from that surface.

12. Method according to any one of claims 1-11 , wherein the virtual 3D-environment comprises a graphical user interface comprising one or more menu items that are selectable when they comprise the pointing location.

13. Method according to any one of claims 1 -12, which method is followed by- detecting a viewer action that is performed for the pointing location; and- based on the viewer action, activating a function that is associated with the pointing location in the stereoscopic image.

14. Autostereoscopic display device comprising an eye tracker configured to determine the position of the eyes of a viewer relative to the autostereoscopic display device, wherein the autostereoscopic display device is configured to- display a graphical pointer to the viewer of the autostereoscopic display device, which graphical pointer is movable with respect to a displayed virtual 3D-environment and has a known position relative to the virtual 3D-environment;- determine a pointing location in a displayed stereoscopic image, which is the location to which the graphical pointer is pointing from the viewer’s eye position, by using the position of one or both eyes as obtained from the eye tracker and the position of the graphical pointer.

15. Autostereoscopic display device according to claim 14, wherein the autostereoscopic display device is selected from the group of mobile phones, televisions, desktop computer monitors, laptops, tablets and game consoles.

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