Recycling system and recycling method for photovoltaic cell module

Abstract

A recycling system and a recycling method for a photovoltaic cell module. The recycling system for the photovoltaic cell module comprises a pyrolysis device (410), a separation device (500), and a gasification device (600); a discharge port of the pyrolysis device (410) is communicated with a feed port of the separation device (500); the separation device (500) is used for separating silicon cells from pyrolyzed solid materials; a discharge port of the separation device (500) is communicated with a feed port of the gasification device (600), so that the separated silicon cells enter the gasification device (600); the gasification device (600) is used for gasifying silver and aluminum on the silicon cells. The gasification device (600) is used to gasify silver and aluminum on the silicon cells, so that a pure silicon wafer is obtained; the silicon cells are treated without using a chemical medicinal liquid, so that no acid-base wastewater containing metal ions is generated. Therefore, the recycling difficulty of the photovoltaic cell module can be reduced.

Description

Photovoltaic cell assembly recycling system and recycling method

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on July 13, 2023, with application number 202310857035.6 and invention name “Recycling system and recycling method for photovoltaic cell assemblies”. The entire contents of the above Chinese patent application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cell assembly recycling, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic cell assembly recycling system and recycling method. Background Art

[0004] In recent years, photovoltaic cell modules have developed rapidly. With the large-scale application of photovoltaic cell modules, how to recycle and reuse discarded photovoltaic cell modules has become an increasingly prominent issue.

[0005] In the related art, a chemical treatment method is used to remove silver and aluminum from silicon cells to obtain pure silicon wafers. Specifically, the aluminum on the silicon cell is first removed by a sodium hydroxide solution, and then the silver on the silicon cell is removed by a citric acid-hydrogen peroxide solution. Although this method can quickly remove silver and aluminum from the silicon cell, a large amount of acid-base wastewater containing metal ions will be generated during the chemical treatment process. Direct discharge of acid-base wastewater containing metal ions will cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the acid-base wastewater containing metal ions needs to be further treated, which will increase the difficulty of recycling photovoltaic cell modules.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic cell assembly recycling system and recycling method, which can solve the problem of difficulty in recycling photovoltaic cell assemblies.

[0008] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic cell assembly recycling system, comprising a pyrolysis device, a separation device and a gasification device. The discharge port of the pyrolysis device is connected to the feed port of the separation device. The separation device is used to separate silicon cell wafers from the solid material after pyrolysis. The discharge port of the separation device is connected to the feed port of the gasification device so that the separated silicon cell wafers enter the gasification device. The gasification device is used to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell wafers.

[0009] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for recycling photovoltaic cell modules, which is applied to the above-mentioned recycling system. The recycling method includes: pyrolysis treatment of the photovoltaic cell modules; separation of silicon cell wafers from the solid material after pyrolysis treatment; and gasification treatment of the silicon cell wafers to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell wafers.

[0010] In the embodiment of the present application, the pyrolysis device can perform pyrolysis treatment on the photovoltaic cell assembly to remove the EVA glue on the photovoltaic cell assembly. The solid material after pyrolysis can enter the feed port of the separation device through the discharge port of the pyrolysis device, and then the separation device can separate the silicon cell wafers in the solid material. The separated silicon cell wafers can enter the feed port of the gasification device through the discharge port of the separation device, and then the gasification device can gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell wafers. It can be seen that the present application uses a gasification device to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell wafers to obtain pure silicon wafers without the need to use chemical liquid to treat the silicon cell wafers. Therefore, the use of the recycling system of the present application to treat the silicon cell wafers will not produce acidic and alkaline wastewater containing metal ions, which can reduce the difficulty of recycling the photovoltaic cell assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a recycling system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gasification device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG3 is a front view of the mobile dismantling equipment disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG4 is a top view of the mobile dismantling equipment disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic backsheet removal device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a photovoltaic backsheet removal device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in FIG6 of the present application;

[0018] FIG8 is a front view of a removal device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point B in FIG8 of the present application;

[0020] FIG10 is a flow chart of the recycling method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG11 is a flow chart of a recycling method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening machine disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 110 - workbench, 111 - cooling plate, 120 - control system, 200 - removal device, 201 - first driving source, 202 - transmission component, 203 - guide groove, 210 - cutting assembly, 211 - cutter, 212 - reciprocating driving member, 213 - guide block, 220 - winding assembly, 221 - rotary driving member, 222 - winding roller, 230 - heating member, 231 - heating source, 232 - telescopic driving member, 233 - second driving source, 240 - supporting frame, 241 - first bracket, 242 - second bracket, 250 - first driving mechanism, 251 - third driving source, 260 - second driving mechanism, 270 - third driving mechanism, 271 - fourth driving source, 272 - walking wheel, 281 - first guide rod, 282 - first slider, 283 - second guide rod, 284 - second slider, 300-photovoltaic cell assembly, 310-photovoltaic backsheet, 320-photovoltaic assembly, 410-pyrolysis device, 420-condensation device, 430-exhaust gas treatment device, 440-cyclone dust removal device, 450-feeding device, 460-loading robot, 470-first cooling device, 500-separation device, 510-screening machine, 511-first discharge port, 512-second discharge port, 513-third discharge port, 514-first screen, 515-second screen, 516-third screen, 520-first separator, 521-first specific gravity screen, 522-second specific gravity screen, 523-third specific gravity screen, 530-second separator, 531-first eddy current separator, 532-electrostatic separator, 533-second eddy current separator, 600-Gasification device, 610-Heater, 620-Storage part, 621-Silicon cell inlet, 622-Gas outlet, 630-Recovery pipeline, 631-Gas transmission pipeline, 632-Silver condensation pipeline, 633-Aluminum condensation pipeline, 640-First insulation part, 650-Second insulation part, 660-Third insulation part, 670-Switch valve, 680-Temperature detection part, 691-Vacuum pump, 692-Collection box, 693-Discharge valve, 694-Recycling box, 700-Mobile disassembly equipment components, 710-Mobile chassis, 720-Frame removal equipment, 730-Photovoltaic backboard removal equipment, 740-Glass disassembly equipment, 750-Frame conveying device, 760-Backboard conveying device, 770-Glass conveying device, 780-Feed belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] The photovoltaic cell assembly recycling system and recycling method provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] As shown in Figures 1 to 9, the embodiments of the present application disclose a photovoltaic cell assembly recycling system, comprising a pyrolysis device 410, a separation device 500, and a gasification device 600. The discharge port of the pyrolysis device 410 is connected to the feed port of the separation device 500. The separation device 500 is used to separate silicon cells from the solid material after pyrolysis. The discharge port of the separation device 500 is connected to the feed port of the gasification device 600 so that the separated silicon cells enter the gasification device 600. The gasification device 600 is used to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cells. Optionally, the discharge port of the pyrolysis device 410 and the feed port of the separation device 500 can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through other components, such as a first cooling device 470. The first cooling device 470 can cool the solid material after pyrolysis, such as cooling it to 40°C to 80°C, to prevent the high-temperature solid material from damaging the separation device 500.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, the pyrolysis device 410 can perform pyrolysis treatment on the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 to remove the EVA glue on the photovoltaic cell assembly 300. The solid material after pyrolysis can enter the feed port of the separation device 500 through the discharge port of the pyrolysis device 410, and then the separation device 500 can separate the silicon cell wafers in the solid material. The separated silicon cell wafers can enter the feed port of the gasification device 600 through the discharge port of the separation device 500, and then the gasification device 600 can gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell wafers. It can be seen that the present application uses the gasification device 600 to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell wafers, thereby obtaining pure silicon wafers, without the need to use chemical liquid to treat the silicon cell wafers. Therefore, the use of the recycling system of the present application to treat the silicon cell wafers will not produce acidic and alkaline wastewater containing metal ions, which can reduce the difficulty of recycling the photovoltaic cell assembly 300.

[0029] Alternatively, the separation device 500 may be a specific gravity screening machine, a vertical air separator, a horizontal air separator, or the like. In this case, the separation device 500 needs to process all solid materials after pyrolysis, resulting in a large processing capacity. In addition, the copper filament balls in the solid materials may interfere with the separation of silicon solar cells by the separation device 500. In an optional embodiment, the separation device 500 includes a screening machine 510 and a first separator 520. The feed port of the screening machine 510 is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis device 410, the feed port of the first separator 520 is connected to the discharge port of the screening machine 510, and the discharge port of the first separator 520 is connected to the feed port of the gasification device 600. Specifically, the screening machine 510 is used to separate the copper filament balls from the solid materials, and the first separator 520 is used to further separate the silicon solar cells from the solid materials from which the copper filament balls have been separated. That is, the solid materials are first separated into copper filament balls by the screening machine 510, and then separated into silicon solar cells by the first separator 520. Alternatively, the first separator 520 may be a specific gravity screen, a vertical air separator, a horizontal air separator, etc. In this embodiment, the screen 510 can screen out copper clumps from the solid material, thereby reducing the total amount of material entering the separation device 500. This can reduce the processing capacity of the separation device 500 and prevent the copper clumps from interfering with the separation of silicon cells by the first separator 520. The screened copper clumps can be recycled.

[0030] In the previous embodiment, after the silicon cells are separated from the solid material, copper and glass are still present in the solid material. To facilitate the separation of the copper and glass from the solid material, in an optional embodiment, the separation device 500 further includes a second separator 530. The discharge port of the first separator 520 includes a silicon cell outlet and a mixture outlet. The silicon cell outlet is connected to the feed port of the gasification device 600, and the feed port of the second separator 530 is connected to the mixture outlet. The solid material from which the silicon cells have been separated can enter the second separator 530 through the mixture outlet. The second separator 530 is used to separate the copper and glass from the solid material entering the second separator 530. In this embodiment, the silicon cells separated by the first separator 520 can enter the feed port of the gasification device 600 through the silicon cell outlet, and the remaining solid material can enter the second separator 530 through the mixture outlet. In this way, the copper and glass in the remaining solid material can be separated, and the copper and glass can be recovered separately, thereby improving the recovery rate of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the screening machine 510 includes a first screen 514 and a second screen 515. The mesh size of the first screen 514 is larger than the mesh size of the second screen 515, and the first screen 514 is located between the feed port of the screening machine 510 and the second screen 515. The first screen 514 is used to separate the copper wire clumps from the solid material, and the second screen 515 is used to screen out copper and glass of different particle sizes. Specifically, the material on the first screen 514 is the copper wire clumps, the material on the second screen 515 is the silicon solar cells, copper, and glass with relatively large particle sizes, and the material under the second screen 515 is the silicon solar cells, copper, and glass with relatively small particle sizes.

[0032] Referring to Figure 12, the first separator 520 includes a first specific gravity screen 521 and a second specific gravity screen 522. The discharge port of the screening machine 510 includes a first discharge port 511 and a second discharge port 512. The first discharge port 511 is located between the first screen 514 and the second screen 515, and the second screen 515 is located between the second discharge port 512 and the first discharge port 511. Specifically, silicon cells, copper, and glass with relatively large particle sizes can enter the first specific gravity screen 521 through the first discharge port 511, while silicon cells, copper, and glass with relatively small particle sizes can enter the second specific gravity screen 522 through the second discharge port 512.

[0033] The feed port of the first specific gravity screener 521 is connected to the first discharge port 511, and the feed port of the second specific gravity screener 522 is connected to the second discharge port 512. The discharge port of the first specific gravity screener 521 includes a first silicon cell outlet and a first mixture outlet, and the discharge port of the second specific gravity screener 522 includes a second silicon cell outlet and a second mixture outlet. The first silicon cell outlet and the second silicon cell outlet are respectively connected to the feed port of the gasification device 600, and the mixture outlet includes a first mixture outlet and a second mixture outlet. Specifically, the first specific gravity screener 521 can separate silicon cells with relatively large particle sizes from the mixture of silicon cells, copper, and glass, and the remaining copper and glass with large particle sizes can enter the first eddy current separator 531 below through the first mixture outlet; the second specific gravity screener 522 can separate silicon cells with relatively small particle sizes from the mixture of silicon cells, copper, and glass, and the remaining copper and glass with small particle sizes can enter the electrostatic separator 532 below through the second mixture outlet.

[0034] The second separator 530 includes a first eddy current separator 531 and an electrostatic separator 532. The feed port of the first eddy current separator 531 is connected to the first mixture outlet, and the feed port of the electrostatic separator 532 is connected to the second mixture outlet. From the above analysis, it can be seen that the first eddy current separator 531 is used to separate copper and glass with relatively large particle sizes, so that copper and glass with relatively large particle sizes can be obtained respectively, and the electrostatic separator 532 is used to separate copper and glass with relatively small particle sizes, so that copper and glass with relatively small particle sizes can be obtained respectively. It can be seen that this embodiment can respectively recover copper and glass with different particle sizes, so as to facilitate subsequent processing of copper and glass with different particle sizes. In addition, since the particle sizes of the materials adapted by eddy current separation and electrostatic separation are different, the two can achieve better separation efficiency only at the particle sizes of the materials adapted to them. In this embodiment, copper and glass of different particle sizes are screened out through the second screen 515, so that copper and glass of different particle sizes enter the first eddy current separator 531 and the electrostatic separator 532 respectively to adapt to the particle sizes of the materials that can be processed by the first eddy current separator 531 and the electrostatic separator 532, thereby enabling the first eddy current separator 531 and the electrostatic separator 532 to achieve better separation efficiency.

[0035] Furthermore, the screening machine 510 further includes a third screen 516, the mesh openings of the third screen 516 being larger than the mesh openings of the second screen 515 and smaller than the mesh openings of the first screen 514. The discharge port of the screening machine 510 further includes a third discharge port 513 located between the first discharge port 511 and the second discharge port 512. The third screen 516 is located between the first discharge port 511 and the third discharge port 513, and the second screen 515 is located between the second discharge port 512 and the third discharge port 513. Specifically, the oversize of the third screen 516 consists of silicon solar cells, copper, and glass with relatively large particle sizes, the oversize of the second screen 515 consists of silicon solar cells, copper, and glass with medium particle sizes, and the undersize of the second screen 515 consists of silicon solar cells, copper, and glass with relatively small particle sizes.

[0036] The first separator 520 also includes a third specific gravity screener 523. The feed port of the third specific gravity screener 523 is connected to the third discharge port 513. The discharge port of the third specific gravity screener 523 includes a third silicon cell outlet and a third mixture outlet. The third silicon cell outlet is connected to the feed port of the gasification device 600, and the mixture outlet includes a third mixture outlet. Specifically, the first specific gravity screener 521 can separate silicon cells with relatively large particle sizes from the mixture of silicon cells, copper, and glass; the third specific gravity screener 523 can separate silicon cells with medium particle sizes from the mixture of silicon cells, copper, and glass. The remaining medium-sized copper and glass can enter the second eddy current separator 533 below through the third mixture outlet; the second specific gravity screener 522 can separate silicon cells with relatively small particle sizes from the mixture of silicon cells, copper, and glass.

[0037] The second separator 530 further includes a second eddy current separator 533, the feed port of which is connected to the third mixture outlet. As can be seen from the above analysis, the first eddy current separator 531 can respectively obtain copper and glass with relatively large particle sizes, the second eddy current separator 533 can respectively obtain copper and glass with medium particle sizes, and the electrostatic separator 532 can respectively obtain copper and glass with relatively small particle sizes. Thus, this embodiment recovers copper and glass with three different particle sizes, facilitating subsequent processing of the three different particle sizes. In addition, in this embodiment, three different particle sizes of copper and glass are screened out by the third screen 516 and the second screen 515, so that the three different particle sizes of copper and glass enter the first eddy current separator 531, the second eddy current separator 533 and the electrostatic separator 532 respectively, so as to adapt to the particle size of the material that can be processed by the first eddy current separator 531, the second eddy current separator 533 and the electrostatic separator 532, thereby achieving the best separation efficiency of the first eddy current separator 531, the second eddy current separator 533 and the electrostatic separator 532. Optionally, the mesh diameter of the first screen 514 can be 10mm to 20mm, the mesh diameter of the third screen 516 can be 5mm to 8mm, and the mesh diameter of the second screen 515 can be 0.5mm to 1mm.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the gasification device 600 includes a heater 610 and a storage member 620. A heat transfer channel is provided between the heater 610 and the storage member 620 to heat the storage member 620. The storage member 620 has a silicon cell inlet 621 and a gas outlet 622. The silicon cell inlet 621 is connected to the discharge port of the separation device 500. The gasified gas after the aluminum and silver are vaporized can be discharged from the storage member 620 through the gas outlet 622. Optionally, the storage member 620 also has a material outlet, which is connected to a discharge pipe. The discharge pipe is provided with a discharge valve 693, and the discharge pipe is connected to a recovery box 694. After opening the discharge valve 693, the pure silicon wafers from which the silver and aluminum have been removed can enter the recovery box 694 through the discharge pipe to facilitate the recovery of the pure silicon wafers. The specific operation process is as follows: the silicon cell pieces separated from the separation device 500 can enter the storage part 620 through their own discharge port, and the heater 610 is controlled to heat the storage part 620 to increase the temperature of the storage part 620. Since the silicon cell pieces are located in the storage part 620, the temperature of the silicon cell pieces will increase as the temperature of the storage part 620 increases. When the temperature of the silicon cell pieces is higher than the vaporization temperature of silver and aluminum, the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell pieces will become gas and then be discharged from the storage part 620 from the gas outlet 622; and the gasification device 600 of this embodiment has a simple structure and a low manufacturing cost.

[0039] Optionally, the silicon cell inlet 621 of the storage member 620 is also provided with a feeding device 450, which includes a feeding hopper and a screw conveyor connected to each other, the discharge port of the separation device 500 is connected to the feed port of the feeding hopper, and the discharge port of the screw conveyor is connected to the silicon cell inlet 621 of the storage member 620.

[0040] Optionally, the heater 610 may be a Joule heater or an electromagnetic heater. The Joule heater has a high heating efficiency and can instantly heat up the storage member 620 and the silicon cell, thereby vaporizing the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell, thereby improving the gasification efficiency of the gasification device 600. In addition, silver and aluminum are coated on the outer surface of the silicon wafer. When the Joule heater is used to instantly heat up the silicon cell, only the silver and aluminum coated on the outer surface of the silicon wafer will be vaporized, and the silicon wafer will not be vaporized. Furthermore, in order to facilitate the control of the heating temperature of the storage member 620 by the heater 610, a temperature detection member 680 may be provided in the storage member 620. The temperature detection member 680 is used to detect the temperature in the storage space within the storage member 620. In this way, the temperature of the heater 610 can be controlled by the temperature detected by the temperature detection member 680, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the temperature of the silicon cell.

[0041] In the previous embodiment, the gas discharged from gas outlet 622 contains silver and aluminum. To recover the silver and aluminum, in an optional embodiment, gasification device 600 further includes a recovery pipeline 630. Recovery pipeline 630 includes a gas pipeline 631, a silver condensation pipeline 632, and an aluminum condensation pipeline 633. Gas pipeline 631 has an air inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The air inlet is connected to gas outlet 622. The first end of silver condensation pipeline 632 is openably connected to the first outlet, and the first end of aluminum condensation pipeline 633 is openably connected to the second outlet. The second end of silver condensation pipeline 632 is an outlet for liquid silver, and the second end of aluminum condensation pipeline 633 is an outlet for liquid aluminum. Optionally, on-off valves 670 may be provided on silver condensation pipeline 632 and aluminum condensation pipeline 633, respectively, to ensure openable and closeable connection between silver condensation pipeline 632 and aluminum condensation pipeline 633 and gas pipeline 631, respectively. The specific operation process is as follows: the vaporization temperature of silver is lower than that of aluminum. The heater 610 is controlled to heat the storage member 620 to a temperature within a first temperature range, and the lower limit of the first temperature range is greater than the vaporization temperature of silver. The vaporization temperature of aluminum is outside the first temperature range. In this way, only the silver attached to the silicon wafer can be vaporized. At the same time, the silver condensation pipeline 632 can be controlled to be connected to the gas pipeline 631, and the aluminum condensation pipeline 633 can be disconnected from the gas pipeline 631. The silver-containing gas can enter the silver condensation pipeline 632 through the gas pipeline 631. After condensation, liquid silver is formed for easy recovery. After the silver is vaporized, heater 610 is controlled to heat storage member 620 to a second temperature range, with the lower limit of the second temperature range being greater than the vaporization temperature of aluminum. This vaporizes the aluminum attached to the silicon wafer. Simultaneously, aluminum condensation pipe 633 is controlled to be connected to gas pipeline 631, while silver condensation pipe 632 is disconnected from gas pipeline 631. Aluminum-containing gas can enter aluminum condensation pipe 633 through gas pipeline 631 and, after condensation, form liquid aluminum for easy recovery. Thus, this embodiment recovers vaporized silver and aluminum through recovery pipe 630, thereby improving the recovery rate of photovoltaic cell assembly 300.

[0042] Furthermore, vaporization device 600 also includes a collection box 692, which includes independent silver and aluminum collection sections. A silver condensation pipe 632 is located above the silver collection section and its second end is connected to the silver collection section, allowing liquid silver to enter the silver collection section. An aluminum condensation pipe 633 is located above the aluminum collection section and its second end is connected to the aluminum collection section, allowing liquid aluminum to enter the aluminum collection section. Furthermore, vaporization device 600 also includes a second cooling device for cooling collection box 692 to solidify the liquid silver and liquid aluminum into solids for easy recovery. Optionally, the second cooling device can be a liquid nitrogen cooler.

[0043] Optionally, the vaporization device 600 further includes a vacuum pump 691 , the air intake of the vacuum pump 691 being connected to the storage part 620 to form a negative pressure in the storage part 620 , thereby reducing the evaporation boiling point of silver and aluminum and preventing oxidation of silver and aluminum.

[0044] In the previous embodiment, if silver-containing gas condenses near the first end of silver condensation pipe 632, due to the high viscosity of liquid silver, if the inclination of silver condensation pipe 632 is relatively shallow, the liquid silver adhering to silver condensation pipe 632 will not easily flow to the second end of silver condensation pipe 632. This will not only reduce the silver recovery rate but also may clog silver condensation pipe 632. Similarly, if the inclination of aluminum condensation pipe 633 is relatively shallow, not only will the aluminum recovery rate be reduced but it may also clog aluminum condensation pipe 633. To address the above issues, the axis of silver condensation pipe 632 and / or the axis of aluminum condensation pipe 633 further extend vertically. In other words, silver condensation pipe 632 and / or aluminum condensation pipe 633 are vertical pipe sections. The vertical pipe sections do not provide support for the liquid silver / liquid aluminum. Therefore, the liquid silver / liquid aluminum can more easily flow to the second end of silver condensation pipe 632 or the second end of aluminum condensation pipe 633 under the action of its own gravity.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, a first thermal insulation member 640 is provided on the outside of the gas pipeline 631. The first thermal insulation member 640 can heat the gas pipeline 631. The first thermal insulation member 640 is arranged around the circumference of the gas pipeline 631 and extends axially along the gas pipeline 631. Optionally, the first thermal insulation member 640 can be a heating induction cable, a heat exchanger, etc. The first thermal insulation member 640 can be wrapped around the outside of the gas pipeline 631 or completely wrapped around the outside of the gas pipeline 631. Alternatively, the first thermal insulation member 640 can be provided in multiple groups, with the multiple groups of first thermal insulation members 640 spaced apart along the axial direction of the gas pipeline 631, and each group of first thermal insulation members 640 includes multiple first thermal insulation members 640 spaced apart along the circumference of the gas pipeline 631. In this embodiment, the first thermal insulation component 640 can heat the gas pipeline 631, thereby preventing the temperature of the gas pipeline 631 from being too low, thereby preventing silver-containing gas or aluminum-containing gas from condensing in the gas pipeline 631, thereby improving the recovery rate of silver and aluminum, and preventing liquid silver or liquid aluminum from clogging the condensation pipeline.

[0046] And / or, in an optional embodiment, a second insulating member 650 is provided on the exterior of the silver condensation pipe 632. The second insulating member 650 is configured to heat the silver condensation pipe 632. The second insulating member 650 is disposed circumferentially around the silver condensation pipe 632 and extends axially along the silver condensation pipe 632. Optionally, the second insulating member 650 may be a heating induction cable, a heat exchanger, or the like. The arrangement of the second insulating member 650 on the exterior of the silver condensation pipe 632 may be similar to that of the first insulating member 640, and will not be further described here. In this embodiment, the second insulating member 650 heats the silver condensation pipe 632, thereby preventing the silver condensation pipe 632 from cooling too low and thus preventing the silver-containing gas from condensing at a location away from the second end of the silver condensation pipe 632. In other words, by controlling the second insulating member 650, the silver-containing gas is transported to a location near the second end of the silver condensation pipe 632 before condensing. This improves silver recovery and prevents liquid silver from clogging the silver condensation pipe 632.

[0047] And / or, in an optional embodiment, a third insulation member 660 is provided on the outside of the aluminum condensation pipe 633. The third insulation member 660 can heat the aluminum condensation pipe 633. The third insulation member 660 is arranged circumferentially around the aluminum condensation pipe 633 and extends axially along the aluminum condensation pipe 633. Optionally, the third insulation member 660 can be a heating induction cable, a heat exchanger, etc. The arrangement of the third insulation member 660 on the outside of the aluminum condensation pipe 633 can be the same as that of the first insulation member 640, which will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the third insulation member 660 can heat the aluminum condensation pipe 633, thereby preventing the temperature of the aluminum condensation pipe 633 from being too low, thereby preventing the aluminum-containing gas from condensing at a position away from the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe 633. In other words, by controlling the third insulation member 660, the aluminum-containing gas can be transported to a position near the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe 633 before condensing. This can improve the recovery rate of aluminum and prevent liquid aluminum from clogging the aluminum condensation pipe 633.

[0048] Optionally, in order to accurately control the temperature of the second thermal insulation part 650 and the third thermal insulation part 660, temperature detection parts 680 can be respectively set on the silver condensation pipe 632 and the aluminum condensation pipe 633 to respectively detect the temperature inside the silver condensation pipe 632 and the temperature inside the aluminum condensation pipe 633. The heating power of the second thermal insulation part 650 and the third thermal insulation part 650 can be controlled respectively by the temperatures detected by the above two temperature detection parts 680 to accurately control the temperature of the second thermal insulation part 650 and the third thermal insulation part 660.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the temperature of the silver condensation pipe 632 gradually decreases along the direction extending from the first end of the silver condensation pipe 632 to the second end of the silver condensation pipe 632. In this embodiment, the temperature of the silver condensation pipe 632 gradually decreases along the direction extending from the first end to the second end of the silver condensation pipe 632, thereby gradually cooling the silver-containing gas and condensing the silver-containing gas at the second end of the silver condensation pipe 632. This improves the silver recovery rate and prevents liquid silver from clogging the silver condensation pipe 632. Of course, the temperature of the silver condensation pipe 632 can also remain constant along the aforementioned direction.

[0050] Alternatively, the temperature of the aluminum condensation pipe 633 gradually decreases along the direction from the first end of the aluminum condensation pipe 633 to the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe 633. In this embodiment, the temperature of the aluminum condensation pipe 633 gradually decreases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe 633, thereby gradually cooling the aluminum-containing gas and condensing the aluminum-containing gas at the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe 633. This improves the aluminum recovery rate and prevents liquid aluminum from clogging the aluminum condensation pipe 633. Of course, the temperature of the aluminum condensation pipe 633 can also remain constant along the aforementioned direction.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the second insulation member 650 is wrapped around the exterior of the silver condensation duct 632, with the winding pitch of the second insulation member 650 gradually increasing as it extends from the first end of the silver condensation duct 632 toward the second end. In this embodiment, the second insulation member 650 is wrapped around the exterior of the silver condensation duct 632, meaning that the second insulation member 650 extends along a spiral path. The winding pitch of the second insulation member 650 refers to the distance L between two adjacent turns of the second insulation member 650, i.e., the lead of the second insulation member 650. The increasing winding pitch of the second insulation member 650 as it extends from the first end of the silver condensation duct 632 toward the second end of the silver condensation duct 632 gradually reduces the temperature of the silver condensation duct 632 in that direction, thereby gradually cooling the silver-containing gas and allowing the silver-containing gas to condense at the second end of the silver condensation duct 632. Of course, the winding pitch of the second insulation member 650 can also remain unchanged.

[0052] In addition to the above-described embodiment, the number of second thermal insulation members 650 may also be multiple, each second thermal insulation member 650 extending circumferentially along the silver condensation duct 632. The multiple second thermal insulation members 650 are spaced apart axially along the silver condensation duct 632, and the arrangement density of the second thermal insulation members 650 gradually decreases in the direction extending from the first end to the second end of the silver condensation duct 632. In other words, the number of second thermal insulation members 650 gradually decreases, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the silver condensation duct 632. In this embodiment, the shape of the second thermal insulation member 650 may be annular, U-shaped, arc-shaped, etc. Alternatively, the heating power of each second thermal insulation member 650 gradually decreases in the direction extending from the first end to the second end of the silver condensation duct 632, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the silver condensation duct 632.

[0053] And / or, in an optional embodiment, the third thermal insulation member 660 is wrapped around the exterior of the aluminum condensation duct 633, with the winding pitch of the third thermal insulation member 660 gradually increasing in the direction extending from the first end of the aluminum condensation duct 633 to the second end of the aluminum condensation duct 633. In this embodiment, the third thermal insulation member 660 is wrapped around the exterior of the aluminum condensation duct 633, that is, the third thermal insulation member 660 extends along a spiral path. The winding pitch of the third thermal insulation member 660 refers to the distance between two adjacent turns of the third thermal insulation member 660, i.e., the lead of the third thermal insulation member 660. The increasing winding pitch of the third thermal insulation member 660 in the direction extending from the first end of the aluminum condensation duct 633 to the second end of the aluminum condensation duct 633 gradually reduces the temperature of the aluminum condensation duct 633 in this direction, i.e., gradually cools the aluminum-containing gas, thereby causing the aluminum-containing gas to condense at the second end of the aluminum condensation duct 633. Of course, the winding pitch of the third thermal insulation member 660 can also remain unchanged.

[0054] In addition to the above-described embodiment, the number of third thermal insulation members 660 may also be multiple, each third thermal insulation member 660 extending circumferentially along the aluminum condensation duct 633. The multiple third thermal insulation members 660 are spaced apart axially along the aluminum condensation duct 633, and the arrangement density of the third thermal insulation members 660 gradually decreases in the direction extending from the first end to the second end of the aluminum condensation duct 633. In other words, the number of third thermal insulation members 660 gradually decreases, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the aluminum condensation duct 633. In this embodiment, the shape of the third thermal insulation member 660 may be annular, U-shaped, arc-shaped, etc. Alternatively, the heating power of each third thermal insulation member 660 gradually decreases in the direction extending from the first end to the second end of the aluminum condensation duct 633, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the aluminum condensation duct 633.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the recovery system further includes a condensing device 420 having a pyrolysis gas inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet, and a liquid oil outlet. The pyrolysis gas inlet is connected to the gas outlet of the pyrolysis device 410. The condensing device 420 can condense the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis device 410 to obtain liquid oil. During the process of pyrolysis treatment of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 using the pyrolysis device 410, the EVA glue in the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 will be pyrolyzed. Therefore, the pyrolyzed EVA glue will be discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet along with the pyrolysis gas. In this embodiment, the condensing device 420 is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet. In this way, the pyrolysis gas can enter the condensing device 420, thereby reducing the temperature and cooling the pyrolysis gas, and then the EVA glue in the pyrolysis gas can be condensed into liquid oil for recovery. This can improve the recovery rate of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300. Optionally, the pyrolysis gas outlet can be directly connected to the condensing device 420 or indirectly connected through the cyclone dust removal device 440. The cyclone dust removal device 440 can remove dust in the pyrolysis gas to improve the purity of the liquid oil recovered by the condensing device 420.

[0056] In the previous embodiment, some pyrolysis gases are not condensed. If these gases are directly discharged, they will pollute the environment. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, the recovery system further includes an exhaust gas treatment device 430, the air inlet of which is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment device 430 can purify the pyrolysis gases to prevent them from polluting the environment. Furthermore, the air outlet of the exhaust gas treatment device 430 is connected to the fuel inlet of the pyrolysis device 410. In this way, the exhaust gas released by the exhaust gas treatment device 430 can be transported to the pyrolysis device 410 to serve as fuel for the pyrolysis device 410, thereby saving energy. Of course, if the pyrolysis device 410 uses electrical heating, the air outlet of the exhaust gas treatment device 430 may not be connected to the fuel inlet of the pyrolysis device 410.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the recycling system further includes a mobile dismantling equipment assembly 700, which includes a mobile chassis 710, and a frame removal device 720, a photovoltaic backsheet removal device 730, and a glass dismantling device 740, which are disposed on the mobile chassis 710. The discharge port of the frame removal device 720 is connected to the feed port of the photovoltaic backsheet removal device 730, and the discharge port of the photovoltaic backsheet removal device 730 is connected to the feed port of the glass dismantling device 740. Alternatively, the mobile chassis 710 may be a tracked chassis, a tire-type chassis, or the like. In this embodiment, the frame removal device 720 can remove the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300, the photovoltaic backsheet removal device 730 can remove the photovoltaic backsheet 310 of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300, and the glass disassembly device 740 can remove the bottom glass of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300. That is, the mobile disassembly device assembly 700 can remove the aluminum frame, photovoltaic backsheet 310 and bottom glass of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 in sequence; in addition, the frame removal device 720, the photovoltaic backsheet removal device 730 and the glass disassembly device 740 are arranged on the mobile chassis 710 and can move with the mobile chassis 710. In this way, the mobile disassembly device assembly 700 can operate directly in the photovoltaic power station. After all the photovoltaic cell assemblies 300 in the photovoltaic power station are processed, the mobile disassembly device assembly 700 can transport the laminated parts of the removed aluminum frame, photovoltaic backsheet 310 and bottom glass to outside the station for processing. Therefore, this solution can reduce the recycling cost of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300.

[0058] Furthermore, the mobile disassembly equipment assembly 700 also includes a frame conveying device 750, a backboard conveying device 760, a glass conveying device 770 and a feed belt 780. The discharge port of the feed belt 780 extends to the feed port of the framing device 720 to convey the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 to the framing device 720. The feed port of the frame conveying device 750 extends to the frame outlet of the framing device 720 to transport the removed frame away from the mobile disassembly equipment assembly 700. The feed port of the backboard conveying device 760 extends to the backboard outlet of the photovoltaic backboard removal device 730 to transport the removed photovoltaic backboard 310 away from the mobile disassembly equipment assembly 700. The feed port of the glass conveying device 770 extends to the glass outlet of the glass disassembly equipment 740 to transport the removed glass away from the mobile disassembly equipment assembly 700.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the recycling system also includes a loading robot 460, a frame removal device 720, a photovoltaic backboard removal device 730 and a glass disassembly device 740. The discharge port of the frame removal device 720 is connected to the feed port of the photovoltaic backboard removal device 730, the discharge port of the photovoltaic backboard removal device 730 is connected to the feed port of the glass disassembly device 740, and the discharge port of the glass disassembly device 740 is connected to the feed port of the pyrolysis device 410 to transport the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 with the aluminum frame, photovoltaic backboard 310 and bottom glass removed to the pyrolysis device 410. The loading robot 460 is used to put the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 into the feed port of the frame removal device 720. In addition, the feed port of the pyrolysis device 410 is also provided with a feeding device 450, which includes a feeding hopper and a screw conveyor connected to each other. The discharge port of the glass disassembling equipment 740 is connected to the feed port of the feeding hopper, and the discharge port of the screw conveyor is connected to the feed port of the pyrolysis device 410.

[0060] As shown in Figures 5 to 9, the above-mentioned photovoltaic backsheet removal equipment 730 includes a workbench 110 and a removal device 200. The workbench 110 has a carrying surface for carrying the photovoltaic cell assembly 300. The removal device 200 is arranged on the workbench 110, and the carrying surface and the removal device 200 can move relative to each other. Optionally, the technical solution of the relative movement between the supporting surface and the removal device 200 of the present application includes three implementation methods. First, the supporting surface is fixedly provided on the workbench 110, and the removal device 200 is movable relative to the workbench 110. During the movement of the removal device 200, the removal device 200 moves relative to the supporting surface. Second, the supporting surface is movably provided on the workbench 110, and the removal device 200 is fixedly provided on the workbench 110. During the relative movement of the supporting surface, the supporting surface moves relative to the removal device 200. The supporting surface here can be the conveying surface of the conveying device, such as the outer surface of the conveying belt of a belt conveyor. Third, both the supporting surface and the removal device 200 can be movable relative to the workbench 110, and the supporting surface and the removal device 200 can move relative to each other during their respective movements. In addition, the relative movement direction between the supporting surface and the removal device 200 can be the length direction, width direction or diagonal direction of the workbench 110, which is not limited in the present application. Furthermore, the photovoltaic backsheet removal device 730 further includes a control system 120 to control each component in the photovoltaic backsheet removal device 730 to automatically operate.

[0061] Furthermore, the supporting surface is provided with a second adsorption hole, which can be connected to an external vacuum device to adsorb and fix the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 on the supporting surface, so as to facilitate the removal device 200 to separate the photovoltaic backboard 310 from the photovoltaic assembly 320.

[0062] The removal device 200 includes a cutting assembly 210 and a winding assembly 220. The cutting assembly 210 includes a cutter 211 for separating the photovoltaic backsheet 310 of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 from the photovoltaic assembly 320. Optionally, the cutter 211 may have a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm and may be made of stainless steel.

[0063] The winding assembly 220 is spaced apart from the cutter 211, and the distance between the two is less than a first preset value, that is, the winding assembly 220 is arranged adjacent to the cutter 211, and the extension direction of the cutter 211 intersects with the relative movement direction of the carrying surface and the removal device 200. The winding assembly 220 is used to wind up the cut photovoltaic backsheet 310, that is, after the cutter 211 cuts the photovoltaic backsheet 310 from the photovoltaic assembly 320, the winding assembly 220 winds up the cut photovoltaic backsheet 310. Specifically, the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 includes a photovoltaic backsheet 310 and a photovoltaic assembly 320, where the photovoltaic assembly 320 is the portion of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 excluding the photovoltaic backsheet 310, which includes cell sheets and glass, etc.; the extension direction of the cutter 211 can be parallel to the supporting surface, and the extension length of the cutter 211 can be greater than or equal to the maximum length of the end to be cut off of the photovoltaic backsheet 310, so as to completely separate the photovoltaic backsheet 310 from the photovoltaic assembly 320, where the end to be cut off of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 can be one end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 along its own length direction, width direction or diagonal direction.

[0064] When using the photovoltaic backboard removal device 730 of the present application, the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 can be placed on a carrying surface, and the removal device 200 can be moved relative to the carrying surface. The removal device 200 includes a cutter 211 and a winding assembly 220. The cutter 211 and the winding assembly 220 can be moved relative to the carrying surface. During the relative movement between the removal device 200 and the carrying surface, the cutter 211 can gradually cut off the photovoltaic backboard 310 from the photovoltaic assembly 320, and during the process of the cutter 211 gradually cutting off the photovoltaic backboard 310, the winding assembly 220 can wind up the cut photovoltaic backboard 310 to collect the photovoltaic backboard 310 separated from the photovoltaic assembly 320. It can be seen that the present application can first peel the photovoltaic backsheet 310 from the photovoltaic module 320 by the cutter 211, and then use the winding assembly 220 to wind up the photovoltaic backsheet 310 peeled by the cutter 211. That is, the winding assembly 220 is used to wind up the photovoltaic backsheet 310 that is not connected to the photovoltaic module 320, so as to prevent the photovoltaic backsheet 310 from being damaged.

[0065] Because there is EVA glue between the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the photovoltaic module 320, and the EVA glue has a high bonding strength, this is not conducive to the cutter 211 cutting the photovoltaic backsheet 310. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, the removal device 200 also includes a heating element 230. The heating element 230 is spaced apart from the cutter 211, and the distance between the two is less than a second preset value. That is, the heating element 230 is disposed adjacent to the cutter 211 and opposite to the supporting surface. The heating element can heat the end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 to be cut that is close to the cutter 211. Specifically, when this embodiment is combined with a solution in which the support frame 240 includes a first bracket 241 and a second bracket 242 that are separately disposed, the third drive mechanism 270 can drive the second bracket 242 and the heating element 230 disposed thereon to slide to a position adjacent to or away from the cutter 211.

[0066] In this embodiment, the heating element 230 can be disposed adjacent to the cutter 211. The heating end of the heating element 230 can be directed toward the end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 to be cut that is closest to the cutter 211 to heat that portion of the photovoltaic backsheet 310. The heating temperature can be between 100°C and 250°C. That is, before the cutter 211 cuts the photovoltaic backsheet 310, the heating element 230 first heats the photovoltaic backsheet 310 to soften the EVA adhesive between the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the photovoltaic module 320, thereby reducing the bonding strength of the EVA adhesive and facilitating the cutting of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 by the cutter 211. Optionally, the heating element 230 can be a hot air blower, with the heating end of the hot air blower serving as the hot air outlet of the hot air blower. The hot air temperature of the hot air blower can be controlled between 100°C and 280°C. In addition, other components that can heat the photovoltaic backsheet 310 can also be selected. This application does not limit the type of the heating element 230.

[0067] Furthermore, the workbench 110 includes a cooling plate 111, which has the aforementioned supporting surface for supporting the photovoltaic cell assembly 300. If the workbench 110 does not include the cooling plate 111, during the heating process of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 by the heating element 230, the heat of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 will be transferred to the photovoltaic assembly 320, thereby increasing the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly 320. This may damage the cells and bottom glass of the photovoltaic assembly 320, thereby making it impossible to recycle the cells and bottom glass. In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic backsheet 310 is removed, the bottom glass of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 can be attached to the cooling plate 111. The cooling plate 111 can cool the heated photovoltaic backsheet 310, thereby preventing damage to the cells and bottom glass of the photovoltaic assembly 320. Furthermore, the cooling plate 111 has a space for accommodating a cooling medium, and the cooling plate 111 has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, so that the photovoltaic assembly 320 can be cooled by circulating heat exchange.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the removal device 200 also includes a support frame 240 provided on the workbench 110, and the cutting assembly 210, the winding assembly 220 and the heating element 230 are all provided on the support frame 240. The heating element 230 includes a heating source 231 for heating the photovoltaic backboard 310, and a telescopic drive member 232. One end of the telescopic drive member 232 is connected to the support frame 240, and the other end of the telescopic drive member 232 is connected to the heating source 231 to drive the heating source 231 to move in a direction close to or away from the bearing surface. Optionally, the heating source 231 may be a hot air blower; the telescopic drive member 232 may drive the heating source 231 to telescope in the vertical direction, or may drive the heating source 231 to telescope in a direction inclined relative to the vertical direction to adjust the distance between the heating member 230 and the photovoltaic backplane 310. The above-mentioned distance may be 10 mm to 50 mm. The telescopic drive member 232 may be a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, etc., or the telescopic drive member 232 includes a second drive source 233 and a first transmission mechanism, and the two ends of the first transmission mechanism are respectively connected to the second drive source 233 and the heating source 231 to drive the heating source 231 to move. The second drive source 233 may be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, and the transmission mechanism may be a screw-nut mechanism, a gear rack mechanism, a belt conveyor mechanism, a sprocket chain mechanism, etc. In this embodiment, the telescopic driving member 232 can drive the heating source 231 to move in a direction close to or away from the supporting surface. That is, the vertical distance between the heating source 231 and the supporting surface can be adjusted by the telescopic driving member 232, thereby adjusting the heating effect of the heating source 231 on the photovoltaic backplane 310. In this way, while ensuring that the heating source 231 has a good softening effect on the EVA glue, it can prevent it from overheating the photovoltaic component 320.

[0069] Furthermore, the removal device 200 also includes a first guide rod 281 and a first slider 282. The first guide rod 281 is connected to the second driving source 233 and extends along the direction of extension and retraction of the heating source 231. The first slider 282 is connected to the hot air source and slides with the first guide rod 281. This embodiment can provide guidance for the movement of the heating source 231 through the first guide rod 281 and the first slider 282 to increase the stability of the movement of the heating source 231.

[0070] Alternatively, the heating end of the heating element 230 may be extended along the direction in which the cutter 211 extends, so that the heating end of the heating element 230 completely covers all areas of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 in the direction in which the cutter 211 extends, thereby ensuring that the heating element 230 heats all areas of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 in the direction in which the cutter 211 extends. However, this approach increases the volume and heating power of the heating element 230. In an optional embodiment, the removal device 200 further includes a support frame 240 and a first drive mechanism 250 disposed on the workbench 110. The cutting assembly 210, the winding assembly 220, and the heating element 230 are all disposed on the support frame 240. The heating element 230 slidably cooperates with the support frame 240, and the sliding direction of the heating element 230 is parallel to the bearing surface and intersects with the relative movement direction of the bearing surface and the removal device 200. One end of the first drive mechanism 250 is connected to the support frame 240, and the other end of the first drive mechanism 250 is connected to the heating element 230 to drive the heating element 230 to slide. Optionally, the support frame 240 is provided with a second guide rod 283 that extends along the sliding direction of the heater 230. The heater 230 is also provided with a second slider 284 that slidably engages with the second guide rod 283. The second guide rod 283 can guide the sliding of the heater 230, thereby improving the sliding stability of the heater 230. In this embodiment, the heater 230 can slide along the support frame 240, which can expand the coverage area of ​​the heater 230, thereby increasing the heating area of ​​the photovoltaic backsheet 310 by the heater 230, thereby allowing the heater 230 to heat all areas of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 along the direction in which the cutter 211 extends. In this manner, it is not necessary for the heating end of the heater 230 to cover all areas of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 along the direction in which the cutter 211 extends. Therefore, the solution of this embodiment can reduce the volume and heating power of the heater 230.

[0071] Optionally, the first drive mechanism 250 may be a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder, etc., or the first drive mechanism 250 includes a third drive source 251 and a second transmission mechanism, and the two ends of the second transmission mechanism are respectively connected to the third drive source 251 and the heating element 230 to drive the heating element 230 to slide. The third drive source 251 may be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, and the transmission mechanism may be a screw-nut mechanism, a gear rack mechanism, a belt conveyor mechanism, a sprocket chain mechanism, etc.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the removal device 200 also includes a support frame 240 provided on the workbench 110, the support frame 240 includes a first bracket 241 and a second bracket 242 which are separately arranged, the cutting assembly 210 and the winding assembly 220 are both provided on the first bracket 241, the heating element 230 is provided on the second bracket 242, the first bracket 241 and the second bracket 242 respectively slide with the workbench 110, and the sliding directions of the two are parallel, the removal device 200 also includes a second driving mechanism 260 and a third driving mechanism 270, one end of the second driving mechanism 260 is connected to the workbench 110, and the other end of the second driving mechanism 260 is connected to the first bracket 241 to drive the first bracket 241 to slide, one end of the third driving mechanism 270 is connected to the workbench 110, and the other end of the third driving mechanism 270 is connected to the second bracket 242 to drive the second bracket 242 to slide. Optionally, the structures of the second drive mechanism 260 and the third drive mechanism 270 may be the same, and they may both include a fourth drive source 271 and a walking wheel 272. The output end of the fourth drive source 271 is connected to the walking wheel 272 to drive the walking wheel 272 to rotate, and the first bracket 241 and the second bracket 242 are connected to the corresponding fourth drive source 271. The workbench 110 has a matching beam, which extends along the sliding direction of the first bracket 241. The outer peripheral surface of the walking wheel 272 contacts the matching beam. When the fourth drive source 271 drives the walking wheel 272 to rotate, friction is generated between the walking wheel 272 and the matching beam to drive the first bracket 241 and the second bracket 242 to slide; in addition, the second drive mechanism 260 and the third drive mechanism 270 can also be driving components such as a motor-driven screw nut mechanism.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first bracket 241 and the second bracket 242 can both slide on the workbench 110 along the relative movement direction between the carrying surface and the removal device 200, and the first bracket 241 and the second bracket 242 are split structures. Therefore, the first bracket 241 and the second bracket 242 can be driven to slide by the second driving mechanism 260 and the third driving mechanism 270 respectively. In this way, the sliding direction and sliding speed of the first bracket 241 and the second bracket 242 can be controlled separately, thereby separately controlling the sliding direction and sliding speed of the cutting assembly 210 provided on the first bracket 241 and the heating element 230 provided on the second bracket 242. Moving speed, for example, the sliding direction of the heating element 230 can be made the same as the sliding direction of the cutting assembly 210, and the sliding speed of the heating element 230 can be made greater than the sliding speed of the cutting assembly 210. At this time, the distance between the heating element 230 and the cutting assembly 210 will gradually increase, so that the heating element 230 can preheat the area of ​​the photovoltaic backboard 310 away from the cutting assembly 210. After the preheating is completed, the sliding direction of the heating element 230 can be reversed to heat the preheated area of ​​the photovoltaic backboard 310 close to the cutting assembly 210, which can enhance the heating effect of the heating element 230 on the photovoltaic backboard 310. Furthermore, as the reel assembly 220 continuously winds the photovoltaic backsheet 310, the diameter of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 wound on the reel assembly 220 will gradually increase. To prevent the photovoltaic backsheet 310 wound on the reel assembly 220 from interfering with the heater 230, the second bracket 242 can be independently driven to move away from the first bracket 241, thereby preventing interference between the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the heater 230. Of course, the cutting assembly 210, reel assembly 220, and heater 230 can also be provided on a support frame 240 of an integrated structure.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the cutting assembly 210 further includes a reciprocating drive 212 connected to the cutter 211 to drive the cutter 211 to reciprocate along its own extension direction. If the reciprocating drive 212 is not provided, the cutter 211 is relatively fixed. During the process of the cutter 211 cutting the photovoltaic backsheet 310, friction will be generated between the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the cutter 211, and the direction of this friction is parallel to the relative movement direction between the bearing surface and the removal device 200. In other words, there is only friction between the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the cutter 211 in the direction opposite to the cutting direction of the photovoltaic backsheet 310. This friction will hinder the cutter 211 from cutting the photovoltaic backsheet 310. The reciprocating drive member 212 of this embodiment can drive the cutter 211 to reciprocate along its own extension direction, that is, the reciprocating drive member 212 can drive the cutter 211 to reciprocate along the direction intersecting the cutting direction of the photovoltaic backsheet 310. There is friction between the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the cutter 211 not only in the direction opposite to the cutting direction of the photovoltaic backsheet 310, but also in the direction intersecting the cutting direction of the photovoltaic backsheet 310. When the friction between the two objects in a certain direction increases, the friction in the other direction will decrease. Therefore, when the cutter 211 cuts the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the reciprocating drive member 212 drives the cutter 211 to reciprocate along its own extension direction, the friction between the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the cutter 211 in the direction opposite to the cutting direction of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 can be reduced, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and making the photovoltaic backsheet 310 easier to separate from the photovoltaic module 320.

[0075] Alternatively, the reciprocating drive member 212 may be a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, or a motor-driven crank slider mechanism, which requires the reciprocating drive member 212 to be arranged on one side of the cutter 211 along its own extension direction. This will increase the width of the photovoltaic backboard removal device 730 in the extension direction of the cutter 211, causing the photovoltaic backboard removal device 730 to occupy a larger installation space in this direction. Optionally, the first drive source 201 may be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. In an optional embodiment, the reciprocating drive member 212 includes a first drive source 201 and a transmission component 202, the first drive source 201 is connected to the transmission component 202 to drive the transmission component 202 to rotate, a plurality of first transmission teeth are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission component 202, and a plurality of second transmission teeth are provided at one end of the cutter 211, and the first transmission teeth are meshed with the second transmission teeth. In this embodiment, the multiple first transmission teeth of the transmission component 202 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the transmission component 202, and the multiple second transmission teeth of the cutter 211 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the cutter 211. The first transmission teeth are engaged with the second transmission teeth, so that the axial direction of the transmission component 202 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cutter 211. After the first driving source 201 is connected to the transmission component 202, the first driving source 201 is also arranged on the side of the cutter 211 in the direction perpendicular to its own extension direction. That is to say, after adopting the structure of this embodiment, the first driving source 201 does not need to be arranged on the side of the cutter 211 along its own extension direction, so that the width of the photovoltaic backboard removal equipment 730 in the extension direction of the cutter 211 can be reduced.

[0076] In order to improve the stability of the cutter 211 during the sliding process, in an optional embodiment, the cutting assembly 210 further includes a guide block 213, which is provided with a guide groove 203. A portion of the cutter 211 is located within the guide groove 203, and the cutter 211 slides in cooperation with the guide groove 203 in its own extension direction. In this embodiment, the cutter 211 slides in cooperation with the guide groove 203 in the extension direction of the cutter 211, that is, the inner wall of the guide groove 203 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cutter 211. In this way, when the reciprocating drive member 212 drives the cutter 211 to slide, the inner wall of the guide groove 203 can limit the cutter 211 to prevent the cutter 211 from deviating from its own extension direction, thereby improving the stability of the cutter 211 during the sliding process.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, the winding assembly 220 includes a rotary drive 221 and a winding roller 222. The rotary drive 221 is connected to the winding roller 222 to drive the winding roller 222 to rotate. Optionally, the rotary drive 221 can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. In this embodiment, after the cutter 211 separates the photovoltaic backsheet 310 from the photovoltaic assembly 320, the end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 can be fixed to the winding roller 222. During the process of the rotary drive 221 driving the winding roller 222 to rotate, the photovoltaic backsheet 310 can be wound around the outside of the winding roller 222. To facilitate fixing the end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 to the winding roller 222, the winding roller 222 is further provided with a fixing structure. The fixing structure is used to pick up the end of the cut photovoltaic backsheet 310 and fix the end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 to the winding roller 222. In this embodiment, a fixing structure is provided on the winding roller 222, which can automatically pick up the cut photovoltaic backsheet 310 and fix the photovoltaic backsheet 310 to the winding roller 222. That is to say, after setting the fixing structure, there is no need to manually fix the end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310 to the winding roller 222, which can simplify the operation process of the photovoltaic backsheet removal equipment 730.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the winding roller 222 is an adsorption roller, and the fixed structure includes a first adsorption hole provided on the outer peripheral surface of the adsorption roller, and the first adsorption hole is used to adsorb the end of the cut photovoltaic backsheet 310. In this embodiment, the winding roller 222 is an adsorption roller, and a negative pressure can be formed at the outer peripheral surface adjacent to the adsorption hole through the first adsorption hole. After the cutter 211 cuts the photovoltaic backsheet 310, the photovoltaic backsheet 310 will be adsorbed and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the adsorption roller under the action of the above-mentioned negative pressure. It can be seen that this embodiment generates negative pressure through the first adsorption hole to pick up the cut photovoltaic backsheet 310. Compared with the solution in which the fixed structure is a clamping mechanism and the clamping mechanism actively clamps the end of the photovoltaic backsheet 310, this embodiment can improve the success rate of the fixed structure picking up the cut photovoltaic backsheet 310.

[0079] As shown in FIG10 and FIG11 , the embodiment of the present application further discloses a method for recycling photovoltaic cell modules, which is applied to the recycling system described in any of the above embodiments. The recycling method includes:

[0080] S100 , performing pyrolysis treatment on the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 .

[0081] The photovoltaic cell assembly 300 can be either crushed or uncrushed. The photovoltaic cell assembly 300 can enter the pyrolysis unit 410 through its feed port for pyrolysis at a temperature of 450°C to 800°C. Optionally, nitrogen can be introduced into the pyrolysis unit 410 to control the oxygen content within the pyrolysis unit 410 to less than 4%, thereby preventing explosion. The pyrolysis unit 410 can be heated using electromagnetic heating, resistance heating, or gas heating.

[0082] S200, separating silicon cells from the solid material after pyrolysis treatment.

[0083] The solid material after pyrolysis can enter the feed port of the separation device 500 through the discharge port of the pyrolysis device 410, and the separation device 500 can separate the silicon solar cells from the solid material.

[0084] S300: Performing a gasification process on the silicon cell to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell.

[0085] The separated silicon solar cells can enter the feed port of the gasification device 600 through the discharge port of the separation device 500, and then the gasification device 600 can gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon solar cells.

[0086] The present application adopts a gasification treatment method to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell wafers, thereby obtaining pure silicon wafers without the need to use chemical solutions to treat the silicon cell wafers. Therefore, the recycling method of the present application will not produce acidic and alkaline wastewater containing metal ions when treating the silicon cell wafers, thereby reducing the difficulty of recycling the photovoltaic cell assembly 300.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, in step S300, the step of performing gasification treatment on the silicon cell specifically includes:

[0088] The silicon cell is heated in a gradient manner to vaporize the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell in sequence.

[0089] Silver has a lower vaporization temperature than aluminum. The temperature of vaporization device 600 is controlled within a first temperature range, with the lower limit of the first temperature range exceeding the vaporization temperature of silver. The vaporization temperature of aluminum is outside the first temperature range. This allows only the silver attached to the silicon wafer to be vaporized. After silver vaporization is complete, the temperature of vaporization device 600 is controlled within a second temperature range, with the lower limit of the second temperature range exceeding the vaporization temperature of aluminum. Since the vaporization temperature of silver is 2212°C and the vaporization temperature of aluminum is 2467°C, the first temperature range can be 2200°C to 2300°C, and the second temperature range can be 2400°C to 2500°C.

[0090] Recycling methods also include:

[0091] S400 , sequentially cooling the vaporized silver-containing gas and aluminum-containing gas to obtain liquid silver and liquid aluminum, respectively.

[0092] After the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell are sequentially vaporized, the silver-containing gas and the aluminum-containing gas can be cooled respectively to recover liquid silver and liquid aluminum, thereby improving the recovery rate of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300.

[0093] In an optional embodiment, before step S100, the following steps are further included:

[0094] S500 , removing the photovoltaic backsheet 310 and the bottom glass of the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 .

[0095] Removing the photovoltaic backsheet 310 before performing pyrolysis treatment on the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 can prevent the fluorine element in the photovoltaic backsheet 310 from being converted into hydrogen fluoride during the pyrolysis process, which makes the pyrolysis gas difficult to handle; before performing pyrolysis treatment on the photovoltaic cell assembly 300, the bottom glass can be removed by milling to reduce the heating energy consumption of the pyrolysis device 410.

[0096] S600: crushing the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 with the back plate and bottom glass removed.

[0097] The photovoltaic cell assembly 300 may be crushed using a crusher, and the crushed particle size may be 30 mm to 80 mm, so as to improve the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis device 410 on the photovoltaic cell assembly 300 .

[0098] Step S100 is specifically as follows:

[0099] The photovoltaic cell assembly 300 after the crushing process is subjected to a pyrolysis process.

[0100] The above embodiments of the present application focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here. The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the purpose of this application and the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell assembly recycling system, comprising a pyrolysis device (410), a separation device (500) and a gasification device (600), The discharge port of the pyrolysis device (410) is communicated with the feed port of the separation device (500), and the separation device (500) is used to separate the silicon cell sheets from the solid material after pyrolysis. The discharge port of the separation device (500) is communicated with the feed port of the gasification device (600), so that the separated silicon cell sheets can enter the gasification device (600), and the gasification device (600) is used to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell sheets.

2. The recycling system according to claim 1, wherein: The separation device (500) comprises a screening machine (510) and a first separator (520), wherein the feed port of the screening machine (510) is communicated with the discharge port of the pyrolysis device (410), the feed port of the first separator (520) is communicated with the discharge port of the screening machine (510), and the discharge port of the first separator (520) is communicated with the feed port of the gasification device (600).

3. The recovery system according to claim 2, wherein: The separation device (500) further comprises a second separator (530), the discharge port of the first separator (520) comprises a silicon cell outlet and a mixture outlet, the silicon cell outlet is connected to the feed port of the gasification device (600), and the feed port of the second separator (530) is connected to the mixture outlet. The solid material separated from the silicon solar cell can enter the second separator (530) through the mixture outlet.

4. The recovery system according to claim 3, wherein: The screening machine (510) comprises a first screen (514) and a second screen (515), the mesh openings of the first screen (514) are larger than the mesh openings of the second screen (515), and the first screen (514) is located between a feed inlet of the screening machine (510) and the second screen (515), The first separator (520) comprises a first specific gravity screen (521) and a second specific gravity screen (522); the discharge port of the screening machine (510) comprises a first discharge port (511) and a second discharge port (512); the first discharge port (511) is located between the first screen (514) and the second screen (515); the second screen (515) is located between the second discharge port (512) and the first discharge port (511); The feed port of the first specific gravity screen (521) is connected to the first discharge port (511), the feed port of the second specific gravity screen (522) is connected to the second discharge port (512), the discharge port of the first specific gravity screen (521) includes a first silicon cell outlet and a first mixture outlet, the discharge port of the second specific gravity screen (522) includes a second silicon cell outlet and a second mixture outlet, the first silicon cell outlet and the second silicon cell outlet are respectively connected to the feed port of the gasification device (600), the mixture outlet includes the first mixture outlet and the second mixture outlet, The second separator (530) includes a first eddy current separator (531) and an electrostatic separator (532), wherein a feed port of the first eddy current separator (531) is connected to the first mixture outlet, and a feed port of the electrostatic separator (532) is connected to the second mixture outlet.

5. The recycling system according to claim 1, wherein: The gasification device (600) comprises a heater (610) and a material storage member (620), wherein a heat transfer channel is provided between the heater (610) and the material storage member (620) so as to heat the material storage member (620). The material storage member (620) has a silicon cell inlet (621) and a gas outlet (622), wherein the silicon cell inlet (621) is connected to the discharge port of the separation device (500), and the gasified gas of the aluminum and the silver can be discharged from the material storage member (620) through the gas outlet (622).

6. The recovery system according to claim 5, wherein: The gasification device (600) further comprises a recovery pipeline (630), wherein the recovery pipeline (630) comprises a gas transmission pipeline (631), a silver condensation pipeline (632) and an aluminum condensation pipeline (633). The gas delivery pipeline (631) has an air inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the air inlet is connected to the gas outlet (622), the first end of the silver condensation pipeline (632) is connected to the first outlet in a switchable manner, and the first end of the aluminum condensation pipeline (633) is connected to the second outlet in a switchable manner. The second end of the silver condensation pipe (632) is an outlet end for liquid silver, and the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe (633) is an outlet end for liquid aluminum.

7. The recovery system according to claim 6, wherein: A first heat-insulating member (640) is disposed outside the gas pipeline (631), and the first heat-insulating member (640) can heat the gas pipeline (631), and the first heat-insulating member (640) is disposed around the circumference of the gas pipeline (631) and extends along the axial direction of the gas pipeline (631); and / or, A second heat-insulating member (650) is disposed outside the silver condensation pipe (632), and the second heat-insulating member (650) can heat the silver condensation pipe (632), and the second heat-insulating member (650) is disposed circumferentially around the silver condensation pipe (632) and extends axially along the silver condensation pipe (632); and / or, A third thermal insulation component (660) is provided on the outside of the aluminum condensation pipe (633), and the third thermal insulation component (660) can heat the aluminum condensation pipe (633). The third thermal insulation component (660) is arranged around the circumference of the aluminum condensation pipe (633) and extends along the axial direction of the aluminum condensation pipe (633).

8. The recovery system according to claim 7, wherein: In the direction in which the first end of the silver condensation pipe (632) extends toward the second end of the silver condensation pipe (632), the temperature of the silver condensation pipe (632) gradually decreases; and / or, In the direction in which the first end of the aluminum condensation pipe (633) extends toward the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe (633), the temperature of the aluminum condensation pipe (633) gradually decreases.

9. The recovery system according to claim 8, wherein: The second heat-insulating member (650) is wound around the outside of the silver condensation pipe (632), and the winding spacing of the second heat-insulating member (650) gradually increases in the direction extending from the first end of the silver condensation pipe (632) to the second end of the silver condensation pipe (632); and / or, The third thermal insulation component (660) is wound around the outside of the aluminum condensation pipe (633), and the winding spacing of the third thermal insulation component (660) gradually increases in the direction extending from the first end of the aluminum condensation pipe (633) to the second end of the aluminum condensation pipe (633).

10. The recycling system according to claim 1, wherein: The recovery system further comprises a condensing device (420), wherein the condensing device (420) comprises a pyrolysis gas inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and a liquid oil outlet, wherein the pyrolysis gas inlet is connected to the gas outlet of the pyrolysis device (410), and the condensing device (420) can condense the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis device (410) to obtain liquid oil.

11. The recycling system according to claim 10, wherein: The recovery system further comprises a tail gas treatment device (430), wherein an air inlet of the tail gas treatment device (430) is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet.

12. The recycling system according to claim 1, wherein: The recycling system further comprises a mobile dismantling equipment assembly (700), wherein the mobile dismantling equipment assembly (700) comprises a mobile chassis (710), and a frame removal device (720), a photovoltaic back panel removal device (730) and a glass dismantling device (740) arranged on the mobile chassis (710). The discharge port of the frame removal device (720) is communicated with the feed port of the photovoltaic backboard removal device (730), and the discharge port of the photovoltaic backboard removal device (730) is communicated with the feed port of the glass disassembling device (740).

13. A method for recycling photovoltaic cell components, applied to the recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The recovery method comprises: Performing pyrolysis treatment on the photovoltaic cell assembly (300); Separating silicon cells from the solid material after pyrolysis treatment; The silicon cell slice is subjected to a gasification treatment to gasify the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell slice.

14. The recycling method according to claim 13, wherein: The step of gasifying the silicon cell specifically comprises: Gradual heating is performed on the silicon cell piece to sequentially vaporize the silver and aluminum on the silicon cell piece; The recycling method further comprises: The vaporized silver-containing gas and aluminum-containing gas are sequentially subjected to cooling treatment to obtain liquid silver and liquid aluminum, respectively.

15. The recycling method according to claim 13, wherein: Before the step of pyrolyzing the photovoltaic cell assembly (300), the method further comprises: Removing the photovoltaic back plate (310) and bottom glass of the photovoltaic cell assembly (300); crushing the photovoltaic cell assembly (300) from which the back plate and the bottom glass have been removed; The specific steps of pyrolyzing the photovoltaic cell assembly (300) are: The photovoltaic cell assembly (300) after the crushing process is subjected to pyrolysis treatment.

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