Reactor, process and system for treating sewage

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reactor for treating sanitary sewage comprising a main body (15) comprising an upper portion (16), the latter comprising first and second modules (2, 3) configured for the intake of raw sewage and the discharge of treated sewage, respectively; wherein the first module (2) comprises a sewage receiving container (4) that contains a conical eccentric lower region (4') and an upper region (4'') that surrounds a basket (5) provided with orifices (5'), the basket (5) being configured to receive the raw sewage and route the screened sewage to the conical eccentric lower region (4'), which directs the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor (1).

Description

[0001] REACTOR, PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT FIELD OF INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates, in general, to a reactor for treating sewage. In particular, the reactor, process, and system are applicable to the aerobic treatment of sewage.

[0003] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Sewage treatment is an essential basic sanitation measure that ensures the population's quality of life. It consists of removing pollutants or reducing the pollution load so that they return to nature without causing harm to the environment. It is worth noting that the method to be used depends on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the wastewater.

[0005] Conventional sewage that arrives at the sewage treatment plant, popularly known as ETE, undergoes several processes that reduce the high concentration of organic compounds and other nutrients and elements that make them harmful to the environment.

[0006] The main stages of the sewage treatment processes already known in the state of the art are:

[0007] 1. Screening: Since wastewater from homes must contain approximately 1% solids and 99% liquid, the first step in the process is to retain coarser materials, such as garbage, in a filter formed by screens. This initial screening helps to keep the liquid free of solid waste, for example, that was improperly disposed of in the sewer system;

[0008] 2. Desanding: The sewage then flows to the sand trap, where any solid debris that may have escaped the previous process is removed through sedimentation. Sand, pebbles, gravel, and other debris sink to the bottom of the tank, and the liquid remaining on the surface is sent to the next stage.

[0009] 3. Biological treatment: Now free of visible solids, the sewage is sent to the aeration tank for biological treatment. There, it is exposed to the action of microscopic organisms, which promote biochemical reactions and condense the organic matter that had previously been dissolved in the effluent into sludge flakes.

[0010] 4. Decantation: After biological treatment, the liquid undergoes a decantation process. The sludge formed sinks to the bottom of the tank, separating from the liquid, which is now free of impurities; and

[0011] 5. Disposal: The sludge produced in the process is dewatered and taken to a specialized landfill. The clarified and properly treated sewage is returned to the environment. In some cases, the effluent may undergo specific advanced treatments and be transformed into reused water, a sustainable solution that contributes to preserving the planet's drinking water.

[0012] Domestic sewage treatment is crucial for society and the environment. This type of sewage comes from homes, offices, and other places where human activity takes place, and is composed primarily of water and solid waste, which may or may not be organic.

[0013] Domestic sewage is everything that goes down drains, toilets, sinks, and other wastewater sources. Generally, all of this wastewater doesn't undergo domestic sewage treatment, which can cause significant ecological impacts and health problems for people living near seas and rivers, where sewage is typically discharged.

[0014] Through domestic sewage treatment, it is possible to obtain reused water—non-potable water with sufficient quality for use in washing, watering, toilets, and cooling towers. Domestic sewage treatment not only promotes environmental protection but also provides a sustainable disposal of domestic effluents, allowing water to be conserved and used effectively.

[0015] Some chemical parameters analyzed in water and effluents that can provide indications of pollution are called COD, BOD, and TSS, which will be explained below.

[0016] Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) determines the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) required to chemically decompose organic matter, i.e., it measures the amount of organic matter in a liquid sample that is susceptible to being oxidized by chemical means.

[0017] COD is a method used to measure the amount of industrial waste in water, and is an essential analysis in water and effluent treatment plants.

[0018] Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) determines the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) consumed by microorganisms to decompose (under aerobic conditions) the organic matter present in a sample during a specific period of time and temperature, that is, it corresponds to the amount of oxygen consumed in the degradation of organic matter by biological processes.

[0019] The higher the BOD in a given water sample, the lower the oxygen available for aquatic life forms and, in general, it is an indicator for evaluating the organic load released into water resources or for verifying the efficiency of a sewage treatment system, when comparing the BOD of raw sewage and the final effluent.

[0020] Total Suspended Solids (TSS) represents the concentration of solids present in a sample, which may be in suspension or decanted.

[0021] Conventional state-of-the-art systems treat sewage with the minimum efficiency desired to comply with local legislation.

[0022] The international standard ISO 30500 has a high standard that includes criteria for safety, functionality, usability, reliability and maintainability of sanitation systems not connected to the sewage network, as well as the system's compatibility with environmental protection objectives.

[0023] A sewage system that meets ISO 30500 would require increased removal of COD, suspended solids, and total nitrogen and phosphorus. It would also require that excess sludge be treated / disinfected on-site.

[0024] JP2021010876 provides an automatic cleaning device for a biofiltration treatment apparatus, comprising: a treatment tank for storing wastewater; and a filter layer including a plurality of filter media floating in the wastewater. The automatic cleaning device comprises: a closed cylindrical gas reservoir erected at the bottom of the treatment tank; a watertight cylindrical bottom container erected within the gas reservoir; a drain pipe, at least a part of which is disposed in the watertight container; a trigger pipe, at least a part of which is disposed in the watertight container; and a gas supply pipe that is disposed outside the treatment tank and supplies gas to the gas reservoir.

[0025] Document WO2011124831 refers to a water purification plant using a submerged bed of bacteria, which comprises a receptacle in which a plurality of concentric partitions form separate concentric volumes, at least one external volume receiving a support of biomass / bacterial culture, at least one drain feeding the water to be treated into the upper part of the volume, into at least one tubular ring for diffusion of oxygen into the lower part of the volume and a central volume serving as a final clarifier that communicates with a discharge pipe, the water to be treated passing from the peripheral volumes to the central volume.

[0026] Finally, document BR 102019025382-7 provides a microbiological fixation structure to be inserted into a biological wastewater treatment unit. The microbiological fixation structure for wastewater treatment comprises: a casing formed by first and second portions, and a filling material; wherein the first and second portions form a cavity; the first and second portions are provided with a plurality of openings; the filling material is inserted into the casing cavity.

[0027] Therefore, the state of the art lacks domestic sewage system solutions that allow high efficiency in the removal of BOD, COD, TSS and nutrients such as Nitrogen and Phosphorus.

[0028] Additionally, the state of the art requires solutions that remove nitrogen effectively.

[0029] Furthermore, to meet the high requirements of ISO 30500, the state of the art would benefit from a residential sewage treatment system that does not generate sludge to be disposed of.

[0030] Thus, it is clear that the state of the art would benefit from an improved sewage treatment reactor with low assembly and cleaning complexity, easy installation and component replacement, and which takes up less space for installation.

[0031] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The general objective of the present invention is to provide a reactor and system for aerobic treatment of sanitary sewage, with high removal efficiency of BOD, COD, TSS and nutrients such as Nitrogen and Phosphorus.

[0033] Another objective of the invention is to provide an efficient but compact reactor with reduced total volume and installation space.

[0034] Another objective of the invention is to provide a reactor that does not generate excess sludge for disposal, since the biological treatment applied in the invention retains a high amount of biomass, resulting in the stabilization and degradation of the biomass within the reactor itself, resulting in the mineralization of the sludge. Another objective of the invention is to provide a reactor and system for treating sewage in which the treated sewage is disinfected before discharge into the environment.

[0035] These and other objectives of the invention are achieved by means of a sewage treatment reactor comprising a main body, the main body comprising an upper portion, the upper portion comprising a first module configured for raw sewage input and a second module configured for treated sewage output; wherein the first module comprises a sewage receiving container containing a conical eccentric lower region and an upper region surrounding a basket provided with a plurality of holes, the basket being configured to receive raw sewage and direct the screened sewage to the conical eccentric lower region, the conical eccentric lower region directs the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor;in which the screened sewage is placed in contact with biological filter media dispersed inside the reactor and with air bubbles coming from at least one aeration pipe arranged inside the reactor, the biologically treated sewage being directed to the second module, the second module comprising a disinfection chamber configured to receive the biologically treated sewage and direct the disinfected sewage to the sewage outlet of the second module.;

[0036] One or more objectives of the present invention mentioned above, among others, is / are also achieved by means of a process for sewage treatment, which has the steps of:

[0037] - receive, in a sewage treatment reactor, raw sewage;

[0038] - direct raw sewage to a basket to remove coarse solids;

[0039] - direct the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor;

[0040] - place the screened sewage in contact with biological filter media and with air bubbles dispersed inside the reactor;

[0041] - direct the biologically treated sewage to a disinfection chamber; and

[0042] - direct the disinfected sewage to the reactor outlet.

[0043] Finally, the objectives of the present invention are also achieved by means of a sewage treatment system, which comprises a reactor containing at least one aeration pipe, biological filter media, an air pump, level control and treated volume control floats and an electronic panel, the system comprising:

[0044] - the air pump captures and conducts the air to at least one aeration pipe;

[0045] - the electronic panel is associated with the air pump and the aeration piping, the electronic panel being configured to contain aeration piping operating modes; and

[0046] - the electronic panel must additionally be associated with reactor level control floats and reactor treated volume control, in order to issue at least one warning signal regarding reactor operation.

[0047] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The objectives, technical effects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description which makes reference to the attached figures, which illustrate exemplary, but not limiting, embodiments of the claimed objects.

[0049] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the reactor, which is the object of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the reactor, highlighting the two modules, which are the objects of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 shows an internal view of the first module, highlighting some elements, objects of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 shows a top view of the reactor, which is the object of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 5 shows a front view of the reactor, highlighting the flow of sewage in the reactor and some elements, objects of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 6 shows a bottom perspective view of the reactor, highlighting some elements of the reactor, objects of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 7 shows a front view of the reactor, highlighting the sewage flow inside the reactor and the elements that are the subject of the present invention. Figure 7 also highlights the disinfection chamber contained in the second module.

[0056] DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Initially, it should be noted that the sewage treatment reactor 1, the sewage treatment process and the sewage treatment system, objects of the present invention, will be described below according to particular embodiments represented in the attached figures 1 to 7, but not limitative, since their embodiments may be carried out in different ways and variations and according to the application desired by the person skilled in the art.

[0057] The use of the term "a" or "an" in this specification does not indicate a limited quantity, but rather the existence of at least (at least) one of the listed elements / components / items. The use of the term "or" indicates any or all of the listed elements / components / items. The use of the term "comprise," "endowed," "provided," or a similar term indicates that the element / component / item listed in front of said term is part of the invention, but does not exclude other unlisted elements / components / items. The use of the term "associate," "connect," or similar terms may refer to physical, mechanical, pneumatic, fluidic, hydraulic, electrical, electronic, or wireless connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0058] The present invention relates, in general, to a sewage treatment reactor 1 comprising a main body 15, the main body 15 comprising an upper portion 16, the upper portion 16 comprising a first module 2 configured for raw sewage input and a second module 3 configured for treated sewage output.

[0059] The first module 2 comprises a sewage receiving container 4 that contains a conical eccentric lower region 4' and an upper region 4” that surrounds a basket 5, for retaining solid materials, the basket 5 being provided with a plurality of lateral and lower holes 5'.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the sewage receiving container 4 has a cylindrical shape throughout almost its entire height. Furthermore, the eccentric conical lower region 4' has a cylindrical outlet designed to receive the fitting of a pipe, for example of specification DN100.

[0061] The basket 5 being configured to receive the raw sewage, retain solid parts (which may be thrown into the sewage collection network) and forward the screened sewage to the lower eccentric conical region 4', so that the lower eccentric conical region 4' directs the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor 1 through the pipe 21. In a preferred embodiment, the basket 5 has a handle to facilitate the removal of the waste and solid parts, as well as to facilitate the exchange of the basket 5 for a new one.

[0062] The previously screened sewage is placed in contact with biological filter media 7 dispersed inside the reactor 1 and with air bubbles coming from at least one aeration pipe 6 arranged inside the reactor 1, the biologically treated sewage being directed to the second module 3.

[0063] The second module 3 comprises a disinfection chamber 14 configured to receive biologically treated sewage and direct the disinfected sewage to the sewage outlet of the second module 3.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the second module 3 has a lateral projection 17 that serves as a fixing point for the inlet of the aeration pipe 6.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical reactor 1 has corrugated walls that extend to approximately half of its height.

[0066] Preferably, the first 2 and second 3 modules of reactor 1 are equipped with top covers 200, 300, preferably rotomolded with slightly different geometries, so as to avoid assembling the inlet cover on the outlet and vice versa.

[0067] It is worth noting that the top covers 200, 300 can be manufactured from a variety of materials and obtained through other process varieties.

[0068] The first 2 and second 3 modules of reactor 1 comprise lateral connection holes 201, 301 for sewage pipes, such as DN 100 / DE 101, 6, which serve as conduits for the entry of sewage into reactor 1 and for the exit of treated effluent.

[0069] Preferably, on the inside of each of the first 2 and second 3 reactor modules there are stops 202 and side projections 203, whereby the stops 202 serve to limit the descent of the sewage receiving containers 4 and 8 into the reactor and the side projections 203 serve as locks so that the sewage receiving containers 4 and 8 do not move due to the thrust generated by the sewage.

[0070] Additionally, each of the containers 4, 8 has at the top at least one handle 18, 18' and a rim 19, the handle 18, 18' being connected to the side projection 203 and the rim 19 being supported on the stop 202.

[0071] Advantageously, handles 18, 18” have the function of facilitating the insertion of containers 4 and 8 inside modules 2 and 3, as well as being a locking object for containers 4 and 8 together with the aforementioned side projections 203.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the reactor 1 further comprises at least two equidistant eyebolts 9 on the side of the main body 15 that facilitate lifting and also serve as auxiliary points for attaching safety cables that prevent the reactor 1 from floating in the case of a high water table.

[0073] The sewage receiver 4 comprises an opening 20 for coupling a pipe to direct the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor 1, with the end of the pipe 21 (closest to the bottom of the reactor 1) having a conical shape dimensioned in such a way that it prevents the entry of the biological filter media 7 into the interior of the pipe 21.

[0074] The reactor 1 comprises at least one aeration pipe 6, 10 composed of at least one vertical aeration pipe 6 and a horizontal aeration pipe 10 with a plurality of holes in its extension.

[0075] The aeration pipes 6, 10 can be made from segments of brown pipes from the building line and connections from the building line that serve to conduct air blown by a blower into the reactor 1, allowing its oxygenation.

[0076] Advantageously, the holes in the extension of the aeration pipe 10 allow the blown air to escape.

[0077] The reactor of the present invention 1 comprises within it biological filter media 7, each media 7 being characterized by being a cylindrical frame in the shape of a “cage”, preferably manufactured in polymeric material, which receives within it a low-density foam, capable of storing and promoting the proliferation of aerobic bacteria, as well as generating an anoxic region capable of promoting the proliferation of facultative bacteria.

[0078] Patent application BR 102019025382-7 provides a microbiological fixation structure similar to that of the invention, just as some products on the market use biomedia for sewage treatment. However, these biomedia only use the surface for microbiological growth, limiting the amount of adhered biomass, causing lower efficiency in organic removal and, as they do not have the depth factor, they only have aerobic zones, therefore they cannot remove total nitrogen.

[0079] In addition to this disadvantage, they end up generating excess sludge to be discarded, as the adhered biomass frequently comes loose.

[0080] The application of the biological filter media 7 of the invention increases the efficiency of biological treatment and removal of nutrients such as Phosphorus and Nitrogen with a significant reduction in reactor volume.

[0081] With the use of the porous biological filter media 7 of the present invention, the biomass retention capacity is much higher, providing greater efficiency in the removal of COD, BOD, and TSS, with a shorter hydraulic retention time, which means a smaller reactor volume 1. Because the media 7 has deeper layers with a lower oxygen concentration, anoxic zones are generated, where facultative microorganisms perform denitrification, removing total nitrogen. Due to this porosity, the biomass is more concentrated in the internal part and ends up self-digesting, a process called endogeny, thus avoiding the generation of excess sludge for disposal, which is one of the objectives and advantages achieved by the invention.

[0082] In short, by increasing the area for bacterial colonies to proliferate within the biological filter media 7, it is possible to reduce the internal volume of reactor 1 without compromising treatment quality. Since the biological filter media 7 of the invention can retain a high amount of biomass, the sludge age also increases, resulting in the stabilization and degradation of the biomass within the reactor 1 itself, and therefore, the mineralization of the sludge.

[0083] This reduces manufacturing costs and makes it easier to transport and install reactor 1 in the field. In addition to increasing efficiency and reducing the volume of reactor 1, avoiding the generation of excess sludge for disposal is a major competitive advantage.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the biologically treated sewage receiving container 8 has a cylindrical shape throughout almost its entire height and comprises an eccentric conical region 8' that is closed at the bottom.

[0085] In a still preferred embodiment, the upper part of the biologically treated sewage receiving container 8 comprises a flat region 11 provided with two holes 13, 13' that receive a cylindrical seal 12 in the shape of a “U”, as shown in the zoom of Figure 7.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the first orifice 13 transports the biologically treated sewage to the disinfection chamber 14 and the second orifice 13' receives a pipe segment that transports the disinfected sewage out of the reactor 1.

[0087] The disinfection chamber 14 comprises a disinfection treatment using calcium hypochlorite tablets (Ca(CIO)2) and / or ultraviolet light.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, the second orifice 13' receives a elbow-type connector together with a pipe segment, for example of specification DN100, which conducts the sewage that has been fully treated and disinfected out of the reactor 1, disposing of it correctly into the environment.

[0089] The invention also includes a process for treating sewage, which comprises: receiving, in a sewage treatment reactor 1, raw sewage to be treated; directing the raw sewage to a basket 5 for removal / retention of coarse solids, a step also called passing through the screen; directing the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor 1; and placing the screened sewage in contact with biological filter media 7, where aerobic and facultative bacteria, immobilized in the frames that have an aerobic zone and an anoxic zone, decompose the organic matter and reduce the concentration of total nitrogen and phosphorus; the sewage is also placed in contact with air bubbles dispersed inside the reactor 1 through the aeration pipes 6 and 10.

[0090] The air required for biological demand is supplied by a diaphragm-type blower and a coarse-bubble diffusion system, directing the biologically treated sewage to a disinfection chamber 14.

[0091] As the biomass is mostly immobilized in the frames of the biological filter media 7, the concentration of suspended solids is very low in the sewage that is directed to the disinfection chamber 14.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, for nitrogen removal to occur efficiently, aeration is intermittent, meaning it is on part of the time and off part of the time. Specifically, aeration pipe 6 operates 1 hour on and 1 hour off.

[0093] Finally, the sewage treatment process involves directing the disinfected sewage to the outlet of reactor 1.

[0094] After going through all the aforementioned stages of the process, the sewage treated both biologically and disinfected will have the appropriate characteristics to be disposed of in the environment, in compliance with the international standard ISO 30500.

[0095] The invention also includes a sewage treatment system, which comprises a reactor 1 containing at least one aeration pipe 6, 10, biological filter media 7, an air pump, level control and treated volume control floats and an electronic panel, the system consisting of: the air pump capturing and conducting the air to at least one aeration pipe 6; and the electronic panel is associated with the air pump and the aeration pipe 6 and 10, the electronic panel being configured to contain aeration pipe actuation modes.

[0096] The operating modes can be, for example, normal mode, vacation mode, party mode or even off, so that the operation of reactor 1 depends on the demand required for sewage treatment.

[0097] The electronic panel is additionally associated with reactor 1 level control floats and reactor 1 volume control, so as to emit at least one warning signal regarding the operation of reactor 1.

[0098] The warning signal emitted may be a light, sound or any other signal that alerts the user that some action must be taken regarding the situation of reactor 1 at that given moment.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. SEWAGE TREATMENT REACTOR (1) characterized by comprising a main body (15), the main body (15) comprising an upper portion (16), the upper portion (16) comprising a first module (2) configured for raw sewage input and a second module (3) configured for treated sewage output; in which the first module (2) comprises a sewage receiving container (4) that contains a conical eccentric lower region (4') and an upper region (4”) that surrounds a basket (5) provided with a plurality of holes (5'), the basket (5) being configured to receive the raw sewage and direct the screened sewage to the conical eccentric lower region (4'), the conical eccentric lower region (4') directs the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor (1);in which the screened sewage is placed in contact with biological filter media (7) dispersed inside the reactor (1) and with air bubbles coming from at least one aeration pipe (6) arranged inside the reactor (1), the biologically treated sewage being directed to the second module (3), the second module (3) comprising a disinfection chamber (14) configured to receive the biologically treated sewage and direct the disinfected sewage to the sewage outlet of the second module (3).; 2. REACTOR (1), according to claim 1, characterized by being a cylindrical reactor with corrugated walls that extend up to half its height.

3. REACTOR (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the first (2) and second (3) modules are provided with upper covers (200, 300).

4. REACTOR (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first (2) and second (3) modules comprise lateral connection holes (201, 301) for sewage pipes.

5. REACTOR (1), according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the internal part of each of the first (2) and second (3) modules comprises stops (202) and lateral projections (203).

6. REACTOR (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of the containers (4, 8) has at least one handle (18, 18') and a ledge (19), the handle (18, 18') being connected to the side projection (203) and the ledge (19) being supported on the stop (202).

7. REACTOR (1), according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least two equidistant eyes (9) in the main body (15).

8. REACTOR (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the sewage receiving container (4) comprises an opening (20) for coupling a pipe, to direct the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor (1), one end of the pipe (21) having a conical shape configured to prevent the entry of the biological filter media (7) into the pipe (21).

9. REACTOR (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one aeration pipe (6, 10) is composed of at least one vertical aeration pipe (6) and a horizontal aeration pipe (10) with a plurality of holes.

10. REACTOR (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that each biological filter media (7) comprises a cylindrical frame and an internal low-density foam.

11. REACTOR (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the biologically treated sewage receiving container (8) comprises an eccentric conical region (8') that is closed at the bottom.

12. REACTOR (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the first orifice (13) transports the biologically treated sewage to the disinfection chamber (14) and the second orifice (13') receives a pipe segment that transports the disinfected sewage out of the reactor (1).

13. REACTOR (1), according to claim 12, characterized in that the disinfection chamber (14) comprises a disinfection treatment using calcium hypochlorite tablets (Ca(CIO)2) and / or ultraviolet light.

14. SEWAGE TREATMENT PROCESS, characterized by: - receive, in a sewage treatment reactor (1), raw sewage; - direct the raw sewage to a basket (5) to remove solids; - direct the screened sewage to the bottom of the reactor (1); - place the screened sewage in contact with biological filter media (7) and with air bubbles dispersed inside the reactor (1); - direct the biologically treated sewage to a disinfection chamber (14); and - direct the disinfected sewage to the reactor outlet (1).

15. SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEM, comprising a reactor (1) containing at least one aeration pipe (6, 10), biological filter media (7), an air pump, level control and treated volume control floats and an electronic panel, the system being characterized by: - the air pump captures and conducts the air to at least one aeration pipe (6); - the electronic panel is associated with the air pump and the aeration pipe, the electronic panel being configured to contain aeration pipe operating modes; - the electronic panel must additionally be associated with reactor level control floats (1) and reactor treated volume control (1), in order to issue at least one warning signal regarding the reactor operation (1).

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