Feed source assembly and antenna

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a feed source assembly and an antenna. The feed source assembly comprises a waveguide tube, a medium, and an auxiliary reflecting surface, wherein the waveguide tube comprises a first end and a second end, and the inner wall of the waveguide tube comprises one or more annular structures arranged close to the first end, the one or more annular structures being sequentially arranged from the first end to the second end, and the axis of each annular structure extending in the axial direction of the waveguide tube; one end of the medium is inserted into the waveguide tube from the first end; and the auxiliary reflecting surface is fixed to the end of the medium away from the waveguide tube. The feed source assembly provided in the present application can obtain a good impedance matching performance within a relatively wide frequency band, thereby facilitating an increase in the bandwidth of the antenna.

Description

Feed assembly and antenna

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on August 15, 2023, with application number 202311028106.8 and application name “A Feed Component and Antenna”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a feed assembly and an antenna. Background Art

[0004] The rapid development of 5G technology has led to an increase in base station data traffic. Microwave communication, a common method for data backhaul, faces significant challenges. To meet these requirements, microwave backhaul links must possess sufficient transmission capacity. Currently, microwave communication systems typically increase transmission capacity by adding operating frequency bands. For traditional narrowband microwave antennas, increasing operating frequency bands requires deploying multiple antennas, significantly increasing system material costs, installation costs, and tower rental costs. Consequently, increasing the bandwidth of microwave antennas is a pressing technical challenge.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a feed assembly and an antenna to improve the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a feed assembly, which may include a waveguide, a dielectric, and a sub-reflector. The waveguide includes a first end and a second end arranged axially opposite each other, the inner wall of the waveguide including one or more annular structures disposed proximate the first end thereof, the one or more annular structures being arranged sequentially in a direction pointing from the first end to the second end, and the axis of each annular structure extending axially along the waveguide; the dielectric may be used for impedance matching, one end of the dielectric being insertable into the waveguide from the first end thereof, and the sub-reflector being fixed to the end of the dielectric distal from the waveguide.

[0008] In the present application, the annular structure of the waveguide tube can be used for impedance matching. Compared with the traditional technology that only realizes impedance matching through the structural design of the medium, the present application adds an adjustable dimension, that is, the feed component can use the waveguide tube and the medium to jointly perform impedance matching, so that the feed component can obtain good impedance matching performance within a wider frequency band, thereby helping to improve the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0009] In some embodiments, the waveguide has a metal inner wall to facilitate electromagnetic wave transmission therethrough. For example, the waveguide can be made entirely of metal, in which case the inner wall of the waveguide is also naturally metal. Alternatively, the waveguide can be made of other non-metallic materials, in which case the inner wall of the waveguide can be metallized by electroplating or other metallization processes.

[0010] In some embodiments, along the direction from the first end to the second end, the end of the first ring structure facing the first end of the waveguide is coplanar with the first end of the waveguide. That is, the top of the ring structure closest to the first end of the waveguide is flush with the first end of the waveguide. Properly designing the position of the ring structure within the waveguide helps achieve better impedance matching.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple ring structures, where the end of at least one ring structure facing the first end and the end of an adjacent ring structure facing the second end can be coplanar. That is, the top of at least one ring structure is flush with the bottom of another adjacent ring structure. Properly designing the relative positions of the ring structures also helps achieve better impedance matching in the waveguide.

[0012] In some embodiments, there are multiple ring structures, wherein at least one ring structure is spaced apart from another adjacent ring structure. This solution also provides a relative position relationship that the ring structures can adopt to achieve better impedance matching effect of the waveguide.

[0013] In some embodiments, there are multiple ring structures, wherein at least two ring structures have the same length. By properly designing the length of each ring structure, it is helpful to achieve better impedance matching effect for the waveguide.

[0014] In some embodiments, there are multiple ring structures, wherein at least two ring structures have different lengths. This solution also provides a possible design method for the length of the ring structure to achieve better impedance matching effect of the waveguide.

[0015] In some embodiments, there are multiple annular structures, and the radial dimensions of the multiple annular structures along the waveguide are different. By properly designing the radial dimensions of each annular structure, the waveguide can achieve better impedance matching.

[0016] For example, along the direction from the first end to the second end, the radial dimensions of the plurality of annular structures along the waveguide tube may decrease sequentially. Alternatively, along the direction from the first end to the second end, the radial dimensions of the plurality of annular structures along the waveguide tube may increase sequentially.

[0017] In some embodiments, there are multiple annular structures, wherein the radial dimension of at least one annular structure along the waveguide tube may be larger than the radial dimension of two adjacent annular structures along the waveguide tube; or, the radial dimension of at least one annular structure along the waveguide tube may be smaller than the radial dimension of two adjacent annular structures along the waveguide tube.

[0018] In addition, in the above solution, the radial dimensions of two adjacent annular structures of at least one annular structure along the waveguide tube may be the same; or the radial dimensions of two adjacent annular structures of at least one annular structure along the waveguide tube may be different.

[0019] In some embodiments, there are multiple annular structures, wherein at least two of the annular structures have the same radial dimensions along the waveguide, and the two annular structures having the same radial dimensions along the waveguide are spaced apart. This solution provides a possible relative positional relationship between the two annular structures having the same radial dimensions, also for the purpose of achieving better impedance matching in the waveguide.

[0020] In some embodiments, the one or more annular structures may be annular protrusions. In this case, the inner diameter of the waveguide inner wall at the annular structures is smaller than the inner diameter of the waveguide itself. In other embodiments, the one or more annular structures may be annular grooves. In this case, the inner diameter of the waveguide inner wall at the annular structures is larger than the inner diameter of the waveguide itself. Properly designing the number of annular structures helps achieve better impedance matching in the waveguide.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an antenna, which may include a primary reflector and a feed assembly according to any embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the second end of the waveguide may extend through the primary reflector. When the antenna is used to transmit signals, the waveguide may receive electromagnetic wave signals generated by the transmitter of the microwave device and transmit the signals to the secondary reflector, which then reflects the signals to the primary reflector and radiates them into space through the primary reflector. When the antenna is used to receive signals, electromagnetic waves in space are converged and reflected by the primary reflector onto the secondary reflector, which then focuses the electromagnetic waves onto the waveguide and transmits them to the receiver of the microwave device through the waveguide. Because the feed assembly can achieve good impedance matching performance over a wide frequency band, the bandwidth of the antenna can be broadened.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a microwave device, which may include an antenna cover and the antenna in the aforementioned second aspect. The antenna cover has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in electrical performance and can withstand the influence of harsh external environment in mechanical performance, thereby reducing the adverse effects of the external environment on the antenna without affecting the antenna's receiving and transmitting signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a microwave network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG3 is a partial structure of a feed assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0027] FIG5 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0028] FIG6 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0029] FIG7 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0030] FIG8 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0031] FIG9 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0032] FIG10 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0033] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0034] FIG12 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0035] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA;

[0036] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 at section AA.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 100-reflecting element; 110-main reflecting surface; 120-through hole;

[0039] 200 - feed assembly; 210 - waveguide; 210a - first end of the waveguide; 210b - second end of the waveguide;

[0040] 211, 211a, 211b, 211c, 211d-annular structure; 220-medium; 221-recessed area; 230-structural component; 231-secondary reflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are all explained using the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes may be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of the present application. The drawings in the embodiments of the present application are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship and do not represent the true proportion.

[0042] It should be noted that the following description sets forth specific details to facilitate understanding of the present application. However, the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotations of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary architecture diagram of a microwave network system applicable to embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 , the microwave network system can be used for backhaul or fronthaul of wireless signals and can include two or more microwave devices, as well as microwave links between any two microwave devices. Microwave devices can communicate with each other via antennas, and a microwave device can include one or more antennas. Antennas can be mounted on a mounting structure, such as a pole, tower, or building.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, the microwave device may further include modules such as a transmitter and a receiver. For example, microwave device 1 is used as the transmitter and microwave device 2 is used as the receiver. The antenna of microwave device 1 receives the signal emitted by the transmitter of microwave device 1 and transmits the signal to the antenna of microwave device 2 via a microwave link. The antenna of microwave device 2 then transmits the received signal to the receiver of microwave device 2.

[0045] In addition, the microwave equipment may also include an antenna cover, which has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and can withstand the influence of harsh external environments, thereby reducing the adverse effects of the external environment on the antenna without affecting the antenna's receiving and transmitting signals.

[0046] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG2 , in an embodiment of the present application, the antenna may include a reflector 100 and a feed assembly 200, wherein the reflector 100 is fixedly connected to the feed assembly 200. The reflector 100 may have a structure with one side concave and one side convex, and the concave surface of the reflector 100 may serve as the main reflector 110 of the antenna. The main reflector 110 may be used to receive electromagnetic waves from space or radiate electromagnetic waves into space. For example, the main reflector 110 may be a parabola.

[0047] In a specific implementation, the primary reflective surface 110 can be a metal surface, such as aluminum or other metal. The reflector 100 can be provided with a through hole 120 extending from the primary reflective surface 110 to its outer convex surface. The axis of the through hole 120 can substantially coincide with the central axis of the primary reflective surface 110. For example, the reflector 100 can be made of all-metal material. In this case, the primary reflective surface 110 formed by the inner concave surface of the reflector 100 is naturally a metal surface. In another implementation, the reflector 100 can be made of other non-metallic materials, such as plastic. In this case, the primary reflective surface 110 can be obtained by performing a metallization process such as electroplating on the inner concave surface of the reflector 100.

[0048] FIG3 illustrates a partial structure of a feed assembly 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to both FIG2 and FIG3 , the feed assembly 200 may include a waveguide 210, a medium 220, and a structural member 230 for providing a secondary reflector. The waveguide 210 includes a first end 210a and a second end 210b axially opposed to each other. The first end 210a of the waveguide 210 may be used to mount the medium 220. The second end 210b of the waveguide 210 may be inserted into the through hole 120 of the reflector 100 from the side where the primary reflector 110 is located, and may extend to the side where the outer convex surface of the reflector 100 is located. The second end 210b of the waveguide 210 may be used to connect to a transmitter or a receiver. One end of the medium 220 is inserted into the waveguide 210 from the first end 210a of the waveguide 210, and the other end is exposed outside the waveguide 210. The structural member 230 for providing a secondary reflector may be fixed to the end of the medium 220 exposed outside the waveguide 210.

[0049] It can be seen that the medium 220 can structurally connect the waveguide tube 210 and the sub-reflecting surface 231 and support the sub-reflecting surface 231. In addition, in terms of electrical performance, the medium 220 will also affect the return loss of the antenna and the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave. The medium 220 can be made of a dielectric material with a stable dielectric constant and low loss, such as polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and other materials. The part of the medium 220 placed in the waveguide tube 210 can be in the shape of a stepped shaft, or can be regarded as a stack of multiple cylinders or frustums with different diameters. Similarly, the part of the medium 220 exposed to the outside of the waveguide tube can also be a stack of multiple cylinders or frustums with different diameters. These cylindrical or frustum structures can enable the medium 220 to play a certain impedance matching role, thereby helping the antenna to obtain higher gain.

[0050] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the feed assembly shown in FIG3 , taken along section AA. Referring to FIG3 and FIG4 , the end surface of the medium 220 exposed to the outside of the waveguide 210 may have a recessed area 221. The shape of the side of the structural member 230 facing the medium 220 may be complementary to the recessed area 221, so that the structural member 230 and the medium 220 are in contact with each other. The surface where the structural member 230 and the medium 220 are in contact is the secondary reflector 231. The secondary reflector 231 can be used to receive electromagnetic waves from the waveguide 210 and radiate them to the primary reflector 110, or receive electromagnetic waves radiated by the primary reflector 110 and transmit them to the waveguide 210. By properly designing the shape and size of the secondary reflector 231, the spatial distribution of the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic waves reflected by it can be adjusted.

[0051] For example, the structural member 230 may be made of all metal or non-metal. In the case of non-metal, the secondary reflector 231 may be obtained by performing a metallization treatment such as electroplating on the surface of the structural member 230 facing the medium 220 .

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, when the microwave device acts as a transmitter to transmit signals, the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the transmitter is transmitted through the waveguide tube 210 to the secondary reflector 231, then reflected by the secondary reflector 231 to the primary reflector 110, and finally radiated into space through the primary reflector 110. When the microwave device acts as a receiver to receive signals, the electromagnetic wave in the external space is converged by the primary reflector 110 and reflected to the secondary reflector 231, then focused by the secondary reflector 231 to the waveguide tube 210, and finally transmitted through the waveguide tube 210 to the receiver.

[0053] Continuing with FIG4 , in this embodiment of the present application, the waveguide 210 may have a metal inner wall to facilitate transmission of electromagnetic waves between the transmitter / receiver and the secondary reflector 231. Similar to the aforementioned reflector or structural member 230, in one implementation, the waveguide 210 may be made of an all-metal material, such as aluminum, in which case the inner wall of the waveguide 210 is also naturally metal. In another implementation, the waveguide 210 may be made of other non-metallic materials, in which case the inner wall of the waveguide 210 may be metalized by electroplating or other metallization processes.

[0054] In a specific implementation, the inner wall of the waveguide tube 210 may include an annular structure 211, which is arranged near the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210, that is, near the end of the waveguide tube 210 for connection to the medium 220. The axis of the annular structure 211 may extend along the axial direction of the waveguide tube. For example, the axis of the annular structure 211 and the axis of the waveguide tube 210 may be arranged approximately coaxially. In the embodiment of the present application, the annular structure 211 of the waveguide tube 210 can be used for impedance matching. Compared with the solution in the traditional technology that only realizes impedance matching by structural design of the medium 220, the embodiment of the present application adds an adjustable dimension, that is, the feed assembly 200 can use the waveguide tube 210 and the medium 220 to jointly perform impedance matching, so that the feed assembly 200 can obtain good impedance matching performance in a wider frequency band, thereby helping to improve the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the aforementioned annular structure 211 may be one or more, and this application is not limited thereto. The term "more" may include two, or a number greater than two, such as three or four. In the case of multiple annular structures 211, the multiple annular structures 211 may be arranged sequentially from the first end 210a of the waveguide 210 to the second end 120b thereof. By properly designing the number of annular structures 211, the waveguide 210 can achieve better impedance matching.

[0056] In addition, the annular structure 211 may include an annular protrusion or an annular groove. It will be readily understood that if the annular structure 211 is an annular protrusion, the inner diameter of the inner wall of the waveguide 210 at the annular structure 211 is smaller than the inner diameter of the waveguide 210. If the annular structure 211 is an annular groove, the inner diameter of the inner wall of the annular structure 211 at the annular structure is larger than the inner diameter of the waveguide 210. Similarly, by properly designing the annular structure 211, the waveguide 210 can also achieve better impedance matching.

[0057] Continuing with FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 illustrates a case where the inner wall of a waveguide includes multiple annular structures 211. For example, the number of annular structures 211 may be three, including annular structures 211a, 211b, and 211c. In this embodiment, all of the annular structures 211 may be annular protrusions. Furthermore, the radial dimensions of the multiple annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 may vary. For example, along the direction from the first end 210a of the waveguide 210 toward the second end 210b thereof, i.e., the x-direction in FIG. 4 , the radial dimensions of the multiple annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 may decrease sequentially. In this case, the difference in the radial dimensions of any two adjacent annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 may be the same, i.e., the difference in the radial dimensions of the waveguide 210 between the annular structures 211a and 211b, and the difference in the radial dimensions of the waveguide 210 between the annular structures 211b and 211c, may be the same. Of course, the difference in the radial dimensions of any two adjacent annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 may also be different.

[0058] In some embodiments, at least two annular structures 211 may have the same length, that is, at least two annular structures 211 may have the same size along the axial direction of the waveguide 210. For example, the annular structure 211a and the annular structure 211b may have the same length.

[0059] In some embodiments, the lengths of at least two annular structures 211 may be different. For example, the lengths of the annular structure 211b and the lengths of the annular structure 211c may be different.

[0060] Of course, in some other embodiments, the lengths of the multiple annular structures 211 may all be the same, partially the same, or different. If they are different, in the specific implementation, the lengths of the multiple annular structures may gradually increase in a certain direction, or gradually decrease, may increase with equal differences, may decrease with equal differences, or change the size with different differences. These can be designed according to actual needs and will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Continuing with reference to FIG4 , along the direction from the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210 to its second end 210b, the end of the first annular structure 211 (such as 211a in FIG4 ) facing the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210 may be located in the same plane as the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210, that is, the top of the annular structure 211a closest to the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210 is flush with the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210.

[0062] In addition, when there are multiple annular structures 211, the end of at least one annular structure 211 facing the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210 can be located in the same plane as the end of another adjacent annular structure 211 facing the second end 210b of the waveguide tube 210. Alternatively, it can be understood that along the arrangement direction of the waveguide tube 210 from the first end 210a to its second end 210b, the top of an annular structure 211 located below is flush with the bottom of an annular structure 211 located below it. In other words, the multiple annular structures are seamlessly connected. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the top of the annular structure 211c can be flush with the bottom of the annular structure 211b, and the top of the annular structure 211b is flush with the top of the annular structure 211a.

[0063] FIG5 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 , taken along section AA. FIG5 illustrates another embodiment in which the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes multiple annular structures 211. In this embodiment, along the direction from the first end 210a of the waveguide 210 toward the second end 210b thereof, the end of the first annular structure 211 facing the first end 210a of the waveguide 210 may be spaced a certain distance from the first end 210a of the waveguide 210. That is, the top of the annular structure 211 closest to the first end 210a of the waveguide 210 is not coplanar with the first end 210a of the waveguide 210. The radial dimensions and lengths of each annular structure 211 along the waveguide 210 can be designed with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG4 , and will not be repeated here.

[0064] FIG6 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 , taken along section AA. FIG6 illustrates another embodiment in which the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes multiple annular structures 211. In this embodiment, the radial dimensions of the multiple annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 can vary, and the radial dimensions of the multiple annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 can increase sequentially from the first end 210a of the waveguide 210 toward the second end 210b thereof. Similarly, in this case, the difference in radial dimensions of any two adjacent annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 can be the same, that is, the difference in radial dimensions of the waveguide 210 between annular structures 211a and 211b, and the difference in radial dimensions of the waveguide 210 between annular structures 211b and 211c, can be the same. Of course, the difference in radial dimensions of any two adjacent annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210 can also be different.

[0065] In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , the length of each annular structure 211 and the location thereof in the waveguide 210 may be designed with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 , and will not be repeated here.

[0066] FIG7 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 taken along section AA, illustrating another embodiment in which the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes a plurality of annular structures 211. In this embodiment, the radial dimension of at least one annular structure 211 along the waveguide 210 may be greater than the radial dimensions of two adjacent annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210. For example, the radial dimension of the annular structure 211b along the waveguide 210 may be greater than the radial dimensions of the annular structures 211a and 211c along the waveguide 210.

[0067] In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the length of each annular structure 211 and the location thereof in the waveguide 210 may be designed with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 , and will not be repeated here.

[0068] FIG8 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 taken along section AA, illustrating another embodiment in which the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes a plurality of annular structures 211. In this embodiment, the radial dimension of at least one annular structure 211 along the waveguide 210 may be smaller than the radial dimensions of two adjacent annular structures 211 along the waveguide 210. For example, the radial dimension of the annular structure 211b along the waveguide 210 may be larger than the radial dimensions of the annular structures 211a and 211c along the waveguide 210.

[0069] Similarly, in the embodiment shown in FIG8 , the length of each annular structure 211 and the location thereof in the waveguide 210 can be designed with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG4 or FIG5 , and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIG7 and FIG8 , the radial dimensions of the annular structure 211a and the radial dimensions of the annular structure 211c along the waveguide 210 may be the same or different. That is, the radial dimensions of two adjacent annular structures 211 in at least one annular structure 211 along the waveguide 210 may be the same or different. This can be designed based on actual needs and will not be further elaborated herein.

[0071] FIG9 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 , taken along the AA cross section. FIG9 illustrates another embodiment in which the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes multiple annular structures 211. For example, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes two annular structures 211, namely annular structure 211a and annular structure 211b. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG4 , the number of annular structures 211 is reduced in this embodiment. The radial dimensions, length, and location of each annular structure 211 within the waveguide 210 can be designed with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG4 to FIG6 , and will not be repeated here.

[0072] FIG10 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 , taken along section AA. FIG10 illustrates another embodiment in which the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes a plurality of annular structures 211. For example, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes four annular structures 211: annular structure 211a, annular structure 211b, annular structure 211c, and annular structure 211d. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG4 , the number of annular structures 211 is increased in this embodiment. The dimensions of each annular structure 211 and the location of each annular structure 211 within the waveguide 210 can be designed with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG3 to FIG7 , and will not be repeated here.

[0073] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 at the AA section, and FIG11 shows another case in which the inner wall of the waveguide tube 210 includes a plurality of annular structures 211. In this embodiment, when there are multiple annular structures 211, at least one annular structure 211 is spaced apart from another adjacent annular structure 211, for example, the annular structure 211c is spaced apart from the annular structure 211b. In addition, the top end of the annular structure 211b can be flush with the bottom end of the annular structure 211a. That is, when the number of annular structures 211 is greater than or equal to three, at least one annular structure 211 is spaced apart from another adjacent annular structure 211, and the end of at least one annular structure 211 toward the first end 210a of the waveguide tube 210 can be located in the same plane as the end of another adjacent annular structure 211 toward the second end 210b of the waveguide tube 210.

[0074] In the embodiment shown in FIG11 , the size, number, and placement of each annular structure 211 within the waveguide 210 can be designed with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG4 through FIG10 , and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the radial dimensions of the annular structure 211c and the annular structure 211b along the waveguide 210 can be the same or different. That is, if there are multiple annular structures 211, at least two of the annular structures 211 can have the same radial dimensions along the waveguide 210, and the two annular structures 211 having the same radial dimensions along the waveguide 210 can be spaced apart.

[0075] FIG12 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 at the AA section, and FIG12 shows another case in which the inner wall of the waveguide 210 includes a plurality of annular structures 211. In this embodiment, the annular structure 211c is spaced apart from the annular structure 211b, and the annular structure 211b can also be spaced apart from the annular structure 211a. That is, when the number of annular structures 211 is greater than or equal to three, any two adjacent annular structures 211 can be spaced apart. It is understandable that the spacing between different annular structures and their upper and lower adjacent annular structures can be the same or different, and this application is not limited thereto.

[0076] In the embodiment shown in FIG12 , the size, number, and placement of each annular structure 211 within the waveguide 210 can be designed with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG4 through FIG10 , and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the radial dimensions of the annular structures 211c and 211b along the waveguide 210 can be the same or different, and the radial dimensions of the annular structures 211b and 211a along the waveguide can also be the same or different. The specific design can be based on actual needs, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 at the AA section, and FIG13 shows another situation in which the inner wall of the waveguide tube 210 includes a plurality of annular structures 211. In this embodiment, the plurality of annular structures 211 may all be annular grooves. The number, radial dimensions, length, arrangement, and setting positions of the plurality of annular structures 211 in the waveguide tube 210 may be designed with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG4 to FIG12 above, and will not be repeated here. FIG13 only exemplarily shows a situation in which the radial dimensions of the plurality of annular structures 211 along the waveguide tube 210 increase successively, that is, the depths of the annular structures a, the annular structures b, and the annular structures c increase successively.

[0078] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of the feed assembly 200 shown in FIG3 at the AA section, and FIG14 shows another situation in which the inner wall of the waveguide tube 210 includes a plurality of annular structures 211. In this embodiment, the plurality of annular structures 211 may include at least one annular protrusion and at least one annular groove, and the three annular structures 211 shown in FIG14 include two annular protrusions and one annular groove. Exemplarily, along the axial direction of the waveguide tube 210, the annular protrusions and the annular grooves may be staggered. Alternatively, at least one annular protrusion is sequentially arranged adjacent to each other, and at least one annular groove is sequentially arranged adjacent to each other. In this case, the annular protrusion may be located on the side of the annular groove facing the first end of the waveguide tube, or on the side of the annular groove facing the second end of the waveguide tube.

[0079] In the embodiment shown in FIG14 , the number, radial dimensions, length, arrangement, and location of the multiple annular structures 211 within the waveguide tube 210 can be designed with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG4 to FIG12 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0080] In addition, in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 14, the medium 220 of the feed component 200 can adopt the same structure as the medium 220 in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, or some changes can be made to the structure of the medium 220, such as increasing or decreasing the number of cylinders in the medium 220, changing the size of the cylinders, etc., so that the feed component 200 can obtain a better impedance matching effect.

[0081] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A feed assembly, characterized in that: It includes a waveguide, a medium and a sub-reflection surface, wherein: The waveguide comprises a first end and a second end, the inner wall of the waveguide comprises one or more annular structures arranged near the first end, the one or more annular structures are arranged in sequence from the first end to the second end, and the axis of each annular structure extends along the axial direction of the waveguide; One end of the medium is inserted into the waveguide from the first end; The sub-reflecting surface is fixed to an end of the medium away from the waveguide.

2. The feed assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction from the first end to the second end, an end portion of the first annular structure facing the first end is located in the same plane as the first end.

3. The feed assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There are multiple annular structures, and an end portion of at least one annular structure facing the first end and an end portion of another adjacent annular structure facing the second end are located in the same plane.

4. The feed assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: There are multiple annular structures, and at least one annular structure is spaced apart from another adjacent annular structure.

5. The feed assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: There are multiple annular structures, and at least two of the annular structures have the same length.

6. The feed assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: There are multiple annular structures, and at least two of the annular structures have different lengths.

7. The feed assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: There are multiple annular structures, and the sizes of the multiple annular structures along the radial direction of the waveguide are different.

8. The feed assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the direction from the first end to the second end, the sizes of the plurality of annular structures along the radial direction of the waveguide decrease in sequence.

9. The feed assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the direction from the first end to the second end, the radial dimensions of the plurality of annular structures increase sequentially.

10. The feed assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: There are multiple annular structures, and a radial dimension of at least one of the annular structures along the waveguide is larger than radial dimensions of two adjacent annular structures along the waveguide; or, A dimension of at least one of the annular structures along the radial direction of the waveguide is smaller than dimensions of two adjacent annular structures along the radial direction of the waveguide.

11. The feed assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that: The sizes of two adjacent annular structures of at least one annular structure along the radial direction of the waveguide are the same.

12. The feed assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that: At least one of the annular structures has two adjacent annular structures with different sizes along the radial direction of the waveguide.

13. The feed assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: There are multiple annular structures, at least two of which have the same size in the radial direction of the waveguide, and the two annular structures having the same size in the radial direction of the waveguide are arranged at intervals.

14. The feed assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: Any one of the one or more annular structures is an annular protrusion or an annular groove.

15. An antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a main reflecting surface and a feed assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the second end of the waveguide passes through the main reflecting surface.

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