Programming of protective devices of a power supply network

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for parameterizing protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) of a power supply network (10) to which a plurality of apparatuses (12, 14, 16, 18) are connected, at least one of which receives power from the power supply network (10) and at least one of which outputs power to the power supply network (10), and which comprises a plurality of switching devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) for controlling a distribution of power within the power supply network (10), wherein switching states of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) form a respective operating state of the power supply network (10) at a predefined time, wherein each protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) uses an operating-state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the power supply network in order to implement a desired protective function for said operating state by way of the respective protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30). According to the invention, the operating-state-specific parameter sets are evaluated for at least one protective device in order to ascertain switching-device-reduced parameter sets, which are independent of switching states of at least one of the switching devices.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Programming of protection devices of a power supply network

[0003] The invention relates to a method for parameterizing protective devices of a power supply network, to which a plurality of devices are connected, at least one of which receives energy from the power supply network and at least one of which delivers energy to the power supply network, and which has a plurality of switching devices for controlling energy distribution within the power supply network, wherein switching states of the switching devices at a predetermined time form a respective operating state of the power supply network, wherein each protective device uses an operating state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the power supply network in order to implement a desired protective function for this operating state by the respective protective device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for determining parameter sets for protective devices of a power supply network,to which a plurality of devices are connected, at least one of which receives energy from the power supply network and at least one of which delivers energy to the power supply network, and which has a plurality of switching devices for controlling energy distribution within the power supply network, wherein switching states of the switching devices at a predeterminable time form a respective operating state of the power supply network, wherein each protective device uses an operating state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the power supply network in order to implement a desired protective function for this operating state by the respective protective device. Finally, the invention also relates to a control center for a power supply network, to which a plurality of devices are connected,of which at least one receives energy from the power supply network and at least one delivers energy to the power supply network, and which has a plurality of switching devices for controlling energy distribution within the power supply network, wherein switching states of the switching devices at a given time form a respective operating state of the power supply network, wherein the power supply network has protective devices for intended operation, wherein each protective device uses an operating state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the power supply network in order to implement a desired protective function for this operating state by the respective protective device, wherein the control center has a device for determining parameter sets for the protective devices of the power supply network.

[0004] Energy supply networks, in particular electrical energy supply networks for distributing electrical energy, serve to supply energy to devices connected to the energy supply network. The energy supply network is preferably an electrical energy supply network, but the invention is not limited thereto and can also be used, for example, in a gas supply network or the like. The devices connected to the energy supply network can obtain energy from other devices via the energy supply network or supply energy to them. During the intended operation of the energy supply network, one of the devices can also switch between supplying energy and receiving energy.

[0005] In particular, electrical power supply networks, especially public electrical power supply networks, are increasingly experiencing changes in their operating states and topology, for example, due to the increasing use of wind and / or solar energy. The resulting redesign of the electrical power supply network requires frequent adjustments to the electrical distribution system, and these adjustments are implemented by adjusting the switching states of the switching devices accordingly. This ensures the reliability and / or operational safety of the power supply network.These considerations naturally apply in particular to an electrical energy supply network, but are not limited to this and can also be used, for example, in energy supply networks for distributing fluids such as natural gas, hydrogen gas and / or the like.

[0006] Due to the aforementioned developments, it is often necessary to intervene in the energy supply network from the control center and ensure the stability of the energy supply by changing the operating status. This is due, among other things, to the fact that, due to the increasing influence of renewable energies, energy fluctuations can occur not only on the consumer side, as was previously the case, but also increasingly on the producer side.

[0007] Switchgear is used to control power connections, such as electrical cables, and can be designed as circuit breakers, load switches, disconnectors, or combinations of these in an electrical power supply network, as required. The aforementioned switchgear is covered by standards, so detailed explanations of their functionality are not provided here.

[0008] The switching states of the switching devices in the power supply network constitute a respective operating state of the power supply network at a given point in time. A respective operating state can, for example, remain unchanged over an extended period of time, particularly if no change is required. The protective devices are provided to control and monitor the operating states. The protective devices can detect an energy flow and energy flow states at a specific point in the power supply network and transmit corresponding sensor signals to the control center. Furthermore, it can also be provided that a respective protective device is assigned to a respective switching device and is capable of directly controlling the respective switching device.

[0009] To perform a specific protective function, the protective device uses a respective parameter set. This parameter set is usually specific to a respective operating state. With regard to an electrical power supply network, for example, it can be provided that selective tripping can be implemented when a short circuit occurs in order to limit the impact of the short circuit to as small a part of the power supply network as possible. However, other scenarios are also conceivable. It can be provided that a respective protective device uses a respective parameter set for each operating state of the power supply network. The parameter sets for the respective operating states differ at least partially from one another. In particular, all parameter sets can differ from one another. This naturally also applies in particular to parameter sets of different protective devices.

[0010] If an operating state of the power supply network is changed, this generally also requires the protection devices to use a preferably individual, operating state-specific parameter set and then use the corresponding parameter set for their protection functionality with respect to the new operating state. It can be provided that corresponding operating state-specific parameter sets are available, in particular stored, in the respective protection devices for all conceivable operating states. However, it can also be provided that the control center transmits the currently used operating state-specific parameter set directly to the protection device. In this case, there is no need to transmit the operating state signal to the protection devices.

[0011] A respective switching device can generally assume at least two switching states, namely an on switching state in which an energy flow is enabled, and an off switching state in which an energy flow is interrupted.

[0012] However, the number of parameter sets for the protection devices can be very large, even with a small number of switching and protection devices. In particular, it can increase exponentially with the number of switching devices. This leads to considerable complexity when controlling the power supply network from the control center, which has a large number of protection devices.

[0013] The object of the invention is to reduce the control effort for the energy supply network.

[0014] As a solution, the invention proposes a method, a device and a control center according to the independent claims.

[0015] Advantageous further training results from features of the dependent claims.

[0016] With regard to a generic method, the invention proposes in particular that the operating state-specific parameter sets are evaluated for at least one protective device in order to determine switchgear-reduced parameter sets which are independent of the switching states of at least one of the switching devices.

[0017] With regard to a generic device, the invention proposes in particular that the device is designed to evaluate the operating state-specific parameter sets for at least one protective device in order to determine switchgear-reduced parameter sets that are independent of the switching states of at least one of the switching devices.

[0018] With regard to a generic control center, the invention proposes in particular that the device is designed according to the invention.

[0019] The invention is based, among other things, on the idea that parameter sets can be simplified if one or more switching devices have no significant impact on the operation of the respective protective device with regard to the selection of a parameter set. This means that the selection of a respective current parameter set for use by the respective protective device takes place regardless of the switching state of the respective switching device in question, which was previously determined to be irrelevant. This means that such a respective parameter set does not need to contain any data relating to this switching device and can therefore be implemented in a simplified manner. Furthermore, it is then no longer necessary for the control center to intervene in this respective protective device if the switching device determined to be irrelevant changes its switching state.This makes it possible to significantly reduce the effort required to adapt or control the power supply network. The invention proves particularly advantageous when the power supply network has a large number of switching devices and protective devices. Furthermore, it is also possible to easily adapt the protection of the power supply network to a changing network topology in a highly flexible manner. This also reduces the effort required at the control center. The reduced effort can also simultaneously improve the reliability and / or immunity of the power supply network.

[0020] The switchgear-reduced parameter sets can be determined by evaluating the operating state-specific parameter sets, which determines the relevance of the switching states of specific switching devices. If it turns out that the switching state of a specific switching device is irrelevant to the operation of the respective protective device, the corresponding parameter set can be reduced accordingly, so that it no longer needs to contain the corresponding data. This naturally also results in an advantage for the control center, because no changes to the respective parameter set need to be made at the control center for this specific protective device. The new switchgear-reduced parameter set can be derived from this knowledge. The method can be implemented for at least one protective device.Preferably, however, it is provided for a plurality of protective devices, particularly preferably for all of the protective devices, of the power supply network. The determination of the switchgear-reduced parameter sets can be carried out step by step for a respective protective device. However, it can also be provided that the determination of the switchgear-reduced parameter sets is carried out at least partially in parallel for several protective devices. The invention does not need to be applied to all protective devices of the power supply network. It can be provided that the invention is applied only to a subnetwork of the power supply network, in particular its protective devices. This also makes it possible to subsequently apply the invention to protective devices of the power supply network. For example, the invention can be applied successively to the protective devices of the power supply network.

[0021] It is further proposed that reduced parameter sets be determined for the at least one protective device depending on the switchgear-reduced parameter sets determined for this purpose, and that the reduced parameter sets be used to parameterize the at least one protective device. This not only reduces the effort required to control the protective device, but can also correspondingly reduce the effort required at the control center. Overall, this also allows for a reduction in data. The reduced parameter sets preferably do not contain any data relating to switchgear that is not relevant to the protective function of the respective protective device.

[0022] Furthermore, it is proposed that the method be carried out successively for those switching devices for whose switching states the independence of the parameter sets has been determined. This makes it possible to implement the method according to the invention successively for the power supply network. Therefore, for intended operation, it is not necessary for the method to have already been carried out for all protective devices. Rather, this embodiment makes it possible to install the method subsequently in a power supply network. This allows the reduced parameter sets to be determined easily.

[0023] It is further proposed that the switchgear-reduced parameter sets for a respective protective device replace the respective operating state-specific parameter sets. Preferably, only switchgear-reduced parameter sets are used by the protective devices. The previously used operating state-specific parameter sets therefore no longer need to be available, at least in part. For example, it can be provided that the operating state-specific parameter sets for this protective device are deleted and replaced by the switchgear-reduced parameter sets. However, it can also be provided that the operating state-specific parameter sets are merely deactivated and thus cannot be activated during normal operation of the power supply network without additional measures.This makes it possible, for example, in the event of a topology change that could be relevant for the switchgear-reduced parameter set, to undo the replacement made in order to be able to additionally take the topology change into account. This can further increase flexibility. According to a further development, it is proposed that the parameterization of at least one protective device be carried out by a control center of the power supply network. This can ensure reliable parameterization of the protective devices. Furthermore, it can be achieved that unauthorized interventions in protective devices on site can be avoided. This also increases the reliability of the intended operation of the power supply network.

[0024] Furthermore, it is proposed that the control center detect a change in the power supply network with respect to at least one of the switching devices or at least one switching state enabled by the switching device and adapt the operating state-specific parameter sets for the protection devices. This further development also makes it possible to take topology changes in the power supply network into account.

[0025] It is further proposed that the evaluation be repeated for at least one protective device based on the adapted operating state-specific parameter sets in order to determine new, switchgear-reduced parameter sets that are independent of the switching states of at least one of the switchgears. This further development makes it possible to take subsequent changes to the topology of the power supply network into account when creating the parameter sets.

[0026] Furthermore, it is proposed that the reduced parameter sets be updated based on the new, switchgear-reduced parameter sets. It is therefore possible to consider and apply the method according to the invention retrospectively, i.e., after a topology change of the power supply network. The advantages of the invention can thus continue to be achieved even with topology changes of the power supply network.According to a further aspect, which proves to be particularly advantageous in connection with the inventive concept, but is not limited thereto and is also very advantageous independently of switch-reduced parameter sets, it is proposed that a circuit structure of the power supply network be determined independently of the intended operation of the power supply network, wherein the parameter sets for the protective devices are determined decoupled from the intended operation of the power supply network. This makes it possible to determine the parameter sets, in particular the switch-reduced parameter sets, independently of the intended operation of the power supply network, i.e., preferably in the manner of an offline operating mode. For this purpose, the device for determining parameter sets for protective devices can be used, for example.This device can be decoupled from the power supply network in order to determine the parameter sets, particularly the switch-reduced parameter sets, in the decoupled state. This can be implemented, for example, in the control center. The device preferably has data relating to the switching and protective devices, and in particular also to the topology or structure of the power supply network. For example, the device can determine the switch-reduced parameter sets for the protective devices based on the topology of the power supply network and the combination of all possible switch positions of the switching devices.In this case, relationships can be established, such as, for example, an assignment of operating states of the entire power supply network to group-specific operating states of groups G± and an assignment of group-specific, switch-reduced parameter sets to these group-specific operating states and / or the like. The parameter sets, in particular the switch-reduced parameter sets, only need to be determined once, as long as no changes are made to the topology of the power supply network. It is further proposed that the parameter sets be stored centrally in a database by the device for determining parameter sets for protective devices. The parameter sets can thus be retrieved and used at any time as needed.If the operating status of the energy supply network changes, the parameter sets can be made available very easily and quickly because they only need to be retrieved from the database, for example.

[0027] It is further proposed that the device for determining parameter sets for protective devices determines the operating state of the power supply network and, depending on the determined operating state, transmits the parameter sets to the protective devices. For this purpose, the device for determining parameter sets for protective devices is preferably coupled to the power supply network, for example in an online mode, so that data relating to the current operating state of the power supply network is available on the device side. Once the operating state has been determined and the appropriate, in particular switch-reduced, parameter sets have been retrieved from the database, the corresponding parameter sets can be transmitted to the respective protective devices, which then apply or use these parameter sets.

[0028] Furthermore, it is proposed that a change in the operating state of the power supply network be detected, and the device for determining parameter sets for protective devices, depending on the change in the operating state, determines from the database those parameter sets that are to be used after the change in the operating state and transmits these to the protective devices. This makes it possible to automatically adapt the protective devices as quickly as possible, so that even with rapid changes in the operating state, the optimal protection functionality can essentially always be achieved by the protective devices. The reliability of the intended operation of the power supply network can thus be improved.

[0029] According to a further development, it is proposed that a change in the circuit structure of the power supply network be detected and only the parameter sets affected by the change in the circuit structure be recalculated. This can reduce the effort required to adapt the protective devices to the change in the circuit structure of the power supply network.

[0030] The advantages and effects stated for the method according to the invention naturally also apply equally to the device according to the invention and the control center according to the invention, and vice versa. In this respect, method features can also be formulated as device features, and vice versa.

[0031] For use cases or application situations that may arise during the method and which are not explicitly described here, it may be provided that, in accordance with the method, an error message and / or a request to enter user feedback is output and / or a standard setting and / or a predetermined initial state is set.

[0032] Regardless of the grammatical gender of a particular term, persons with male, female or other gender identity are included.

[0033] The exemplary embodiments explained below are preferred embodiments of the invention. The features and combinations of features specified in the description above, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned in the following description of exemplary embodiments and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective combination specified, but also in other combinations. Thus, embodiments are also encompassed by the invention or considered to be disclosed that are not explicitly shown and explained in the figures, but which emerge and can be produced from the explained embodiments through separate combinations of features.The features, functions, and / or effects illustrated by the exemplary embodiments may, in and of themselves, represent individual, independently considered features, functions, and / or effects of the invention, each of which also further develops the invention independently of one another. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments are intended to encompass combinations other than those in the embodiments explained. Furthermore, the described embodiments may also be supplemented by further features, functions, and / or effects of the invention already described.

[0034] In the figures, the same reference symbols denote the same features and functions.

[0035] They show:

[0036] FIG 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an electrical power supply network with electrical devices connected thereto, wherein the power supply network has electrical switching devices and protective devices for controlling a power flow; and

[0037] FIG 2 shows a schematic flow diagram for generating parameter sets for the protection devices.

[0038] FIG 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an electrical energy supply network 10 with electrical devices 12, 14, 16, 18 connected thereto. The electrical devices 10, 12, 16, 18 can be electrical consumers, for example an industrial plant or the like, a local undersupply for a district of a city, a wind turbine and / or the like. At least one of the devices 10, 12, 16, 18 can generate electrical energy that can be consumed by at least one other of the electrical devices 10, 12, 16, 18. During the intended operation of the devices 12, 14, 16, 18, a respective one of the devices 12, 14, 16, 18 can also change its operating state with regard to energy consumption.For example, an industrial plant may emit electrical energy during a certain period of time, while absorbing electrical energy during another period.

[0039] The electrical devices 12, 14, 16, 18 are connected to the power supply network 10. The electrical energy is distributed between the devices 12, 14, 16, 18 via the power supply network 10. Only four devices 12, 14, 16, 18 are shown in FIG. 1. However, it is possible that considerably more electrical devices are connected to the electrical power supply network 10.

[0040] To achieve the distribution of electrical energy between the devices 12, 14, 16, 18, the energy supply network 10 establishes corresponding electrical connections using electrical lines that can be controlled by switching devices 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42 of the energy supply network 10. These make the electrical lines of a network topology 48 of the energy supply network 10 available as needed.

[0041] The power supply network 10 further comprises protective devices 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, which in this case are assigned to respective switching devices 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42. In alternative embodiments, this may also be different, in that protective devices may be arranged independently of switching devices. However, this is not relevant to the invention.

[0042] The protective devices 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 serve to detect one or more status data of the energy supply network 10, such as an electrical current, an electrical voltage, a temperature, and / or the like, at a specific local position and to initiate switching measures, for example with respect to the protective devices 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30. Furthermore, the protective devices 20 to 30 are in communication with a control center 44 of the energy supply network 10.

[0043] The switching states of the switching devices 32 to 42 at a given time form a respective operating state of the energy supply network 10. Each protective device 20 to 30 uses a respective individual, operating state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the energy supply network 10 in order to implement a desired protective function for this operating state by the respective protective device 20 to 30.

[0044] Switching devices 32 to 42 can be designed, for example, as circuit breakers, load switches, or disconnectors. Combinations of these can also be provided as switching devices 32 to 42. Switching devices 32 to 42 do not need to be identical.

[0045] The control center 44 has a device 46 for determining parameter sets for the protective devices 20 to 30 of the power supply network 10. The device 46 is designed to evaluate the operating state-specific parameter sets for at least one of the protective devices 20 to 30 in order to determine switchgear-reduced parameter sets that are independent of the switching states of at least one of the switching devices 32 to 42. This will be explained in more detail below.

[0046] The protective devices 20 to 30 are in communication with the control center 44 so that data, signals, and / or the like can be retrieved from the protective devices 20 to 30. At the same time, parameter sets can be transmitted from the control center 44 to the respective protective devices 20 to 30 so that the protective devices 20 to 30 can adjust their protective function according to a current operating state-specific parameter set. For this purpose, it can be provided, on the one hand, that the respective operating state-specific parameter set to be applied is transmitted from the control center 44 to the respective protective devices 20 to 30 so that the respective protective devices 20 to 30 currently, preferably immediately, applies the received operating state-specific parameter set. Of course, the two aforementioned options can also be combined.

[0047] The invention makes it possible to achieve automated, adaptive grid protection for the power supply network 10. The general determination of the switchgear-reduced parameter sets according to the invention is explained below using examples.

[0048] The number of operating states FPi of the power supply network 10 is determined by the number of possible combinations of the switching states of the switching devices 32 to 42. Protection parameters can be determined for all operating states of the power supply network 10 and stored in a central database, for example in the control center 44. Each operating state EPi can be defined for the set of all switching devices k = l...n s which contain switching states Sk, according to the following formula:

[0049] For each operating state FPi, operating state-specific parameters X j.k,ifor all protective devices 20 to 30 using the following formula: Here, j is the protection device ID, k is the parameter ID, and i is the operating state index. The number of operating states is an exponential function with base two and exponent n. s , which corresponds to the number of switching devices:

[0050] This results in the number of parameter sets for each of the protective devices 20 to 30 according to the following formula:

[0051] By analyzing real network data, it is found that the parameter sets of protective devices 20 to 30 exhibit redundancies with regard to the operating states. This finding is used according to the invention to reduce the number of operating state-specific parameter sets of protective devices 20 to 30 that actually need to be considered. To this end, the following steps can be performed:

[0052] 1. Combine essentially identical, preferably exactly identical, parameter sets of protection devices 20 to 30. For example, deviations in the combined parameter sets generally have no significant impact on the protection functionality. The essentially identical parameter sets can, for example, be cross-analyzed with all associated network states in different variants. For example, a protection analysis can be performed using PSA PSS.SINCAL, a tool from Siemens, namely PSS®SINCAL - Analysis and Planning of Power Systems. If the cross-analysis using PSA or other protection analysis tools does not reveal any problems, the parameters can also be combined. The parameter sets of protection devices 20 to 30 are thereby decoupled from the respective operating state:

[0053] In Xj kipthe index ip no longer stands for the operating state, but for the identification of a parameter set.

[0054] 2. Divide the entire power supply network 10 into groups G±. The relevant protective devices 20 to 30 are each assigned to one of the groups G±:

[0055] If switching states are changed, adapted parameter sets can be found from the database using the following steps in order to re-parameterize protective devices 20 to 30. To do this, the following two steps can be carried out:

[0056] 1. Processing of switch identifications whose switching state has been changed. The information on the switching state of switching devices 32 to 42 is provided by the control center.

[0057] 2. Structuring and processing from the perspective of the affected protective devices 20 to 30. Determination of the parameter sets based on the current operating status and the data in the database.

[0058] FIG 2 shows a schematic flow diagram for carrying out step 2 according to formula (4) as stated above. The process begins with step 50, in which the i the associated switching devices S1 to S n and protection devices IED k The matrix A corresponds to Table 4, as will be explained below. A variable i s is set to 1. The variable i s 5 refers to the switching device currently being considered. The process continues with step 52 by setting a variable i0 to 1. The variable i0 represents a reference line ^^ ^. The method then continues with step 54 10 , in which a variable i is set to 1. In a subsequent step 56, another variable j is also set to 1. In a further step 58, it is checked whether an element from the set A specified in step 50, namely an element A i,j , an element A i0,jcorresponds. The values ​​of the elements of row are compared with the values ​​of the elements of reference row. and are the elements in row and column ^^ of matrix 20 If the sizes are the same, the process continues with step 60. If, however, the two parameters are different, a branch is made to step 72. In step 72, a vector a is determined as a function of a previous vector a 25 and the variable j, which is added to the vector a. The process then continues in step 60. In step 60, a check is made as to whether the variable j corresponds to the counting variable 30 n+1. If this is not the case, in step 74 the variable j is incremented by 1 and the process continues with step 58.Steps 58, 60, 72 and 74 form an inner loop,35 which can be further explained as follows: For example (This example can be assigned to Table 4, which will be discussed below): i0= 1, i= 2.

[0059] If j= 1: A ig=11 = A i=21 = 0 a = [empty]= []; j= 1< n + 1= 4 j= j+ 1= 2

[0060] If j= 2: A io=11 = 4 i=2 x = 0 a = [a]= []; j= 2 < n + 1= 4 j= j+

[0061] 1 = 3

[0062] If j= 3: A io=11 = 0.4 i=2 x = 1 a = [a,j]= [3]; j= 3 < n + 1= 4 j= j+ 1= 4

[0063] If j= 4: A io=11 = 2,1,A i=2 r = 2,2 a = [a,j]= [3,4]; j=4 <n + l= 4 end

[0064] Length(a)= 2

[0065] Checking the length of vector a, i.e., the number of elements, belongs to step 62.

[0066] If equality is positively determined in step 60, the process continues with step 62. In step 62, it is checked whether the length of the vector, specifically the number of its elements, i.e., length (a) = 1. This function can be further explained, for example, as follows:

[0067] For example (this example can also be assigned to Table 4 discussed below): i0= 1, i= 3 If j= 1: A0=i,i= A=3,I= 0 - a = [empty]= []; j= 1< n + 1= 4 j= j+ 1= 2

[0068] If j= 2: A io=11 = 0,A i=3 x = 1 a = [a,j]= [2]; j= 2 < n + 1= 4 j= j+ 1= 3

[0069] If j= 3: A io=11 = A i=3 r = 0 a = [a]= [2]; j= 3 < n + 1= 4 j= j+ 1= 4

[0070] If j= 4: 4 io=1 x = A i=3 x = 2.1 a = [a]= [2]; j= 4 < n + 1= 4 end Length(a)= 1

[0071] If this check is positive, the process continues with step 64.

[0072] In step 64, the element Ai0, ai set to -1. Line Ai is deleted. The process then continues with step 66.

[0073] In step 66 it is checked whether the variable io has a value of 1 E ND. If this is not the case, the method continues with step 80 and the variable io is incremented by 1. The method then continues with step 54.

[0074] If, however, equality has been established in step 66, the process continues with step 68 and it is checked whether the variable i s is equal to n. If this is not the case, that is, the variable i s is not equal to n, the procedure branches and continues in step 82. In step 82, the variable i s is increased by one. The method then continues with step 52.

[0075] If, however, the condition in step 68 is positively fulfilled, the process continues with step 70, and columns containing only the values ​​-1 are deleted from matrix A. The process then terminates.

[0076] The following illustrates the procedure using an example with three switches SI, S2, and S3 and three protection devices IED1, IED2, and IED3. The switchgear SI, S2, and S3 can correspond to switchgear 32 to 42 shown in FIG. 1. The protection devices IED1 to IED3 can correspond to protection devices 20 to 30 shown in FIG. 1.

[0077] For the aforementioned power supply network with three switching devices SI, S2, S3 and three protection devices IED1, IED2, IED3, there are eight operating states for the power supply network, which are shown in the following Table 1.

[0078] Table 1

[0079] For each operating state, parameter sets can then be determined for all protection devices IED1 to IED3. Table 2 below lists the individual parameter sets for the eight possible operating states of the protection devices IED1 to IED3. Thus, each parameter set is determined by a pair of values, where the first value corresponds to a number or identification of the protection device, and the second value corresponds to a respective operating state of the power supply network. Table 2 can be assigned to equation (2).

[0080] Table 2

[0081] Table 3 results from Table 2 by combining essentially identical parameter sets for the protection devices IED1 to IED3. The parameter sets of the protection devices IED1 to IED3 are then decoupled from the operating state of the power supply network. The following Table 3 also contains pairs of values, where the first value again designates the number of the protection device S1 to S3, while the second value represents an identification or number of a parameter set. This analysis then leads to Table 3.

[0082] Table 3

[0083] As can be seen from Table 3, there is a redundancy of the parameter sets with respect to the operating states. Table 3 can be assigned to equation (3).

[0084] The following explanations refer to the fact that the power supply network can be divided into two groups through analysis. The affected protective devices IED1 to IED3 are each assigned to a separate group. Table 4 below illustrates this procedure using the protective device IED2 as an example. The first and second rows of Table 4 show that switching device S3 is relevant for selecting the parameter set. This is also confirmed by checking rows 3 and 4 of Table 2. Rows 1 to 4 of Table 4 therefore also show that switching device S2 is not relevant.

[0085] Table 4

[0086] Lines 6 to 8 also show that switching device S3 is not relevant here. This is illustrated in Table 5 below, where the value -1 means that the respective switching device is not relevant for selecting the parameter set. Table 5 also shows that summaries are possible, for example, lines 1 and 3, as well as lines 2 and 4 of Table 4. Furthermore, lines 5 and 6, as well as lines 7 and 8 of Table 4, can be summarized.

[0087] This leads to Table 5 shown below.

[0088] Table 5

[0089] For example (This example can be assigned to step 64): i0= 1,i= 3unda ± = 2

[0090] J4 12 = —1 and the third row in the matrix is deleted. Table 5 is thereby simplified, as shown in the following Table 5a:

[0091] Table 5a

[0092] This results in Table 6, shown below, in which the summaries were made.

[0093] Table 6

[0094] Table 6 also shows that rows 3 and 4 can also be combined.

[0095] This results in Table 7 shown below.

[0096]

[0097] Table 7

[0098] As can be seen from Table 7, switching device S2 does not need to be considered in the parameter sets for the IED2 protection device. The parameter set for the IED2 protection device can therefore be created based on Table 7.

[0099] Based on the aforementioned Table 7, the required parameter sets for the protection devices IED1 to IED3 can then be obtained according to Table 8.

[0100] Table 8

[0101] As can be seen from comparing Table 8 with Table 2, the effort required for the parameter sets can be significantly reduced using the method according to the invention. Table 8 can be assigned to equation (4). The benefit according to the invention increases exponentially with the number of switching devices and protective devices. After the simplification according to Table 8, two groups with a total of seven sub-network-specific operating states result. These are operating states that relate to each of the identified sub-networks of the power supply network.

[0102] The procedure for the second step is carried out as in the example: Two rows are compared. If only one element differs in each of the two rows, the two elements are set to -1. This can also result in the decomposition of the power supply network, as a result of Tables 4 to 7. The assignment of each protection device to a respective group G± is determined by the procedure. This results in the grouping. In the previous example, only the reduction with regard to the protection device IED 2 is given. The reduction with regard to the protection devices IED 1 and 3 results accordingly and is simpler in the present embodiment.

[0103] Overall, the following benefits can be achieved:

[0104] - Reduction of the effort related to parameter sets by identifying redundancies, which allows the energy supply network to be broken down into sub-networks.

[0105] - Reduction of the number of parameter sets for the protection devices according to the assignment of the protection devices to subnetworks.

[0106] - Direct linking of the reduction in the number of operating states of local subnetworks with the reduction in the number of parameter sets.

[0107] - Structured, easily understandable algorithm with which a low error susceptibility can be achieved compared to AI methods.

[0108] The exemplary embodiments serve exclusively to explain the invention and are not intended to limit it. List of reference symbols

[0109] 10 Energy supply network

[0110] 12 Facility

[0111] 14 Facility

[0112] 16 Facility

[0113] 18 Facility

[0114] 20 protective device

[0115] 22 protective device

[0116] 24 protective device

[0117] 26 protective device

[0118] 28 protective device

[0119] 30 protective device

[0120] 32 Switchgear

[0121] 34 Switchgear

[0122] 36 Switchgear

[0123] 38 Switchgear

[0124] 40 Switchgear

[0125] 42 Switchgear

[0126] 44 Control Center

[0127] 46 Facility

[0128] 48 Network topology

[0129] 50 steps

[0130] 52 steps

[0131] 54 steps

[0132] 56 steps

[0133] 58 steps

[0134] 60 steps

[0135] 62 steps

[0136] 64 steps

[0137] 66 steps

[0138] 68 steps

[0139] 70 steps

[0140] 72 Step 74 Step

[0141] 76 steps

[0142] 78 steps

[0143] 80 Step 82 Step

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for parameterizing protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) of a power supply network (10), to which a plurality of devices (12, 14, 16, 18) are connected, at least one of which receives energy from the power supply network (10) and at least one of which delivers energy to the power supply network (10), and which has a plurality of switching devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) for controlling energy distribution within the power supply network (10), wherein switching states of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) at a predetermined time form a respective operating state of the power supply network (10), wherein each protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) uses an operating state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the energy supply network in order to implement a desired protective function for this operating state by the respective protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30),characterized in that for at least one protective device, the operating state-specific parameter sets are evaluated in order to determine switchgear-reduced parameter sets which are independent of the switching states of at least one of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that reduced parameter sets are determined for the at least one protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) depending on the switching device-reduced parameter sets determined for this purpose and the reduced parameter sets are used to parameterize the at least one protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30).

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method is carried out successively for those switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42), for whose switching states an independence of the parameter sets was determined.

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switchgear-reduced parameter sets for a respective protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) replace the respective operating state-specific parameter sets.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parameterization of the at least one protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) is carried out by a control center (44) of the energy supply network (10).

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control center (44) determines a change in the energy supply network (10) with respect to at least one of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) or at least one switching state enabled by a respective one of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) and adapts the operating state-specific parameter sets for the protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30).

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that for the at least one protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) the evaluation is repeated on the basis of the adapted operating state-specific parameter sets in order to determine new switching device-reduced parameter sets which are independent of switching states of at least one of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42).

8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the reduced parameter sets are updated on the basis of the new switchgear-reduced parameter sets.

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, regardless of the intended operation of the energy supply network (10), a switching Structure of the energy supply network (10) is determined, wherein the parameter sets for the protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) are determined decoupled from the intended operation of the energy supply network (10).

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the parameter sets are stored centrally in a database by a device (46) for determining parameter sets for protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) of the energy supply network (10) in a retrievable manner.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the device (46) for determining parameter sets for protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) determines the operating state of the energy supply network (10) and transmits the parameter sets to the protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) depending on the determined operating state.

12. Method according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that a change in the operating state of the energy supply network (10) is determined and the device (46) for determining parameter sets for protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) determines from the database, depending on the change in the operating state, those parameter sets which are to be used after the change in the operating state and transmits these to the protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30).

13. Method according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that a change in the circuit structure of the energy supply network (10) is determined and only the parameter sets affected by the change in the circuit structure are redetermined.

14. Device (46) for determining parameter sets for protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) of a power supply network (10), to which a plurality of devices (12, 14, 16, 18) are connected, of which at least receives an energy from the energy supply network (10) and supplies at least one energy to the energy supply network (10) and which has a plurality of switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) for controlling a power distribution within the power supply network (10), wherein switching states of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) at a predetermined time form a respective operating state of the power supply network (10), wherein each protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) uses an operating state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the power supply network (10) in order to implement a desired protective function for this operating state by the respective protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30), characterized in that the device (46) is designed for at least one protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) to evaluate the operating state-specific parameter sets in order to determine switchgear-reduced parameter sets which are independent of the switching states of at least one of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40,42) are., 15. Control center (44) for a power supply network (10), to which a plurality of devices (12, 14, 16, 18) are connected, at least one of which receives energy from the power supply network (10) and at least one of which delivers energy to the power supply network (10), and which has a plurality of switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) for controlling energy distribution within the power supply network (10), wherein switching states of the switching devices (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) at a predetermined time form a respective operating state of the power supply network (10), wherein the power supply network has protective devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) for the intended operation, wherein each protective device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) uses an operating state-specific parameter set for a respective operating state of the energy supply network (10),in order to provide a desired protective function for this operating state by the respective, Protection device (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30), wherein the control station (44) has a device (46) for determining parameter sets for the protection devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30) of the energy supply network (10), characterized in that the device (46) is designed according to claim 14.

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