Fluidization measuring instrument

Abstract

According to the present invention, the fluidity of a substance can be measured consistently and a sensor used for measurement is recovered reliably. This fluidization measuring instrument 1 comprises: an insertion / extraction jig 10 having an end 11 and an end 12; a shaft 20 having an end 21 and an end 22, the end 21 being connected to the insertion / extraction jig 10 and inserted together with the insertion / extraction jig 10 into a substance D; a rotary body 30 which has an end 31 and an end 32 and which is connected to the end 22 at a mounting position T so as to be rotatable about the shaft 20, relative to the insertion / extraction jig 10; and a sensor unit 40 that can detect the rotation of the rotary body. The rotary body 30 is configured to have a center of buoyancy Cb, a center of gravity Cg, and the mounting position T such that when the rotary body 30 is fully inserted into the substance D while maintaining a first orientation in which the end 32 is deeper than the end 31 in the depth direction, rotation associated with fluidization of the substance D causes the rotary body 30 to change from the first orientation to a second orientation in which the end 31 is deeper than the end 32 in the depth direction.

Description

Fluidization Measuring Instrument

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fluidization meter that measures the degree of fluidization of a material.

[0002] As a conventional method for determining the completion of concrete compaction, there is one that makes it easy to determine the completion of concrete compaction when a vibrator is inserted into concrete poured into a formwork to vibrate the concrete and compact it (see, for example, Patent Document 1), as shown in Figure 1. In this method, a floater F rises in the concrete C according to the degree of compaction of the concrete C as the concrete C in the formwork M is compacted by a vibrator V, and is installed at the bottom of the formwork M at a location where completion of concrete compaction is to be determined before the concrete is poured; from this state, the concrete C is poured into the formwork M, compacted by the vibrator V, and completion of concrete compaction is determined when the floater F rises.

[0003] JP 2019-183392 A

[0004] However, the method of determining completion of concrete compaction in Patent Document 1 may result in the floating body not being able to be recovered if it does not float up.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present disclosure aims to provide a fluidization measuring instrument that can stably measure the degree of fluidity of a substance that is fluidized by vibration or heating, and that can more reliably recover the sensor used for measurement.

[0006] In order to solve the above problem, the fluidization measuring instrument of this embodiment is a fluidization measuring instrument for measuring the degree of fluidization of a substance that is fluidized by vibration or heating, and is equipped with: an insertion / extraction jig having a first end and a second end located opposite the first end and inserted into the substance before performing the vibration or heating process; a shaft portion having one end and another end located opposite the first end, the one end being connected to the insertion / extraction jig and inserted into the substance together with the insertion / extraction jig; a rotating body having a third end and a fourth end located opposite the third end, the rotating body being connected to the other end of the shaft portion at an attachment position located between the third end and the fourth end so that the rotating body can rotate around the shaft portion as an axis of rotation relative to the insertion / extraction jig; and a sensor unit capable of detecting the rotation of the rotating body. The position of the center of buoyancy of the rotor, the position of the center of gravity of the rotor, and the mounting position are configured so that when the rotor is inserted entirely into a substance while maintaining a first position in which the fourth end is deeper in the depth direction than the third end, the rotor will rotate as the substance becomes fluidized, changing from the first position to a second position in which the third end is deeper in the depth direction than the fourth end.

[0007] The fluidization measuring instrument of this embodiment can stably measure the degree of fluidity of a substance that is fluidized by vibration or heating, and can more reliably recover the sensor used for measurement.

[0008] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conventional technique for determining the completion of concrete compaction. FIG. 2 is a top view of a fluidization measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment installed in a formwork 200 into which fresh concrete has been poured, as seen from above. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the A-A cross section in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a fluidization measurement method using the fluidization measuring device 1. FIG. 5(a) is a perspective view of the fluidization measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 5(b) is a cross section of the fluidization measuring device 1 taken along A-A (FIG. 2). FIG. 6 is a front view of a rotating body 30 as seen from the insertion / extraction jig 10 side. FIG. 7(a) is a diagram of a volume V1, and FIG. 7(b) is a diagram of a volume V2 having the same external shape as FIG. 7(a). FIG. 8 shows a case where a hole 30H of the rotating body 30 is provided on the end 32 side, and FIG. 8(a) shows the center of buoyancy C ｂ Center of gravity C ｇ is closer to the hole 30H, and FIG. 8(b) shows the case where the center of gravity Cｇ More floating center C ｂ 9A and 9B are examples of the case where the hole 30H of the rotor 30 is provided on the end 31 side. ｇ More floating center C ｂ is closer to the hole 30H, and FIG. 9(b) shows the case where the center of buoyancy C ｂ Center of gravity C ｇ 10 is an example in which the hole 30H of the rotating body 30 is closer to the center of gravity C ｇ and floating center C ｂ 10(a) shows the case where the center of gravity C ｇ Center of buoyancy C ｂ 10(b) is an example of a case where the center of buoyancy C ｂ is the center of gravity C ｇ FIG. 11( a ) is a perspective view of the fluidization measuring instrument 1 when a magnetic sensor is used as the sensor unit 40, and FIG. 11( b ) is a side view thereof. FIG. 12 is a front view of an example of a rotating body 30 when a magnetic sensor is used as the sensor unit 40, viewed from the insertion / extraction jig 10 side. FIG. 13 is a front view of an example of an insertion / extraction jig 10 when a magnetic sensor is used as the sensor unit 40, viewed from the rotating body 30 side. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a method for connecting the shaft portion 20 and the rotating body 30 according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another example of a method for connecting the shaft portion 20 and the rotating body 30 according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a method for connecting the shaft portion 20 and the insertion / extraction jig 10 according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another method for configuring the insertion / extraction jig 10. Fig. 18(a) is a perspective view of the fluidization measuring instrument 1A according to the second embodiment, and Fig. 18(b) is a side view thereof. Fig. 19 is a front view of the rotating body 30A as seen from the inserting / extracting jig 10A side. Fig. 20 is a front view of the inserting / extracting jig 10A as seen from the rotating body 30A side. Fig. 21 is a flowchart showing a fluidization measuring method using the fluidization measuring instrument 1A. Fig. 22 is a diagram showing the center of gravity C of the rotating body 30A. ｇ and floating center C ｂ 10 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship between the shaft portion 20 and the shaft portion 20. FIG.

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the fluidization measurement method of the present disclosure and a fluidization measuring instrument 1 used in this method will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, components having the same functions will be assigned the same numbers, and duplicated explanations will be omitted.

[0010] <Fluidization measurement method> Fig. 2 is a top view showing the fluidization measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment installed in a formwork 200 into which fresh concrete has been poured. Fig. 3 is a view showing the A-A cross section in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing a fluidization measurement method using the fluidization measuring device 1.

[0011] The fluidization measurement method of the present disclosure measures, for example, the degree of fluidization of ready-mixed concrete poured into a formwork 200. Specifically, the fluidization measuring device 1 is inserted into the ready-mixed concrete and vibrated by the vibrator 400. When the ready-mixed concrete is fluidized by this vibration, the rotor 30 rotates around the shaft 20 as the rotation axis depending on the degree of fluidization. The rotation of the rotor 30 is measured by the sensor unit 40 to measure the degree of fluidization. When the measurement target is a substance that fluidizes when heated, a heater is used instead of the vibrator 400. The following description will be given taking ready-mixed concrete as an example of the measurement target.

[0012] 4, in the fluidization measurement method of the present disclosure, first, the fluidization measuring instrument 1 is positioned such that the end 11 is positioned upward (Z direction in FIG. 5) and the end 12 is positioned downward (−Z direction in FIG. 5), and the end 31 of the rotor 30 is positioned upward (Z direction in FIG. 5) and the end 32 is positioned downward (−Z direction in FIG. 5) (hereinafter also referred to as the “first position”) (step S1). The end 11 and the end 12 will be described later.

[0013] Next, while maintaining the first orientation, the end 12 of the insertion / extraction jig 10 is inserted into the upper layer 90A of ready-mixed concrete (step S2). As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, not only a portion of the insertion / extraction jig 10 but also the shaft 20, the rotating body 30, and the sensor unit 40 are inserted into the upper layer 90A of ready-mixed concrete. Step S2 ensures that the rotating body 30 is installed at the desired measurement position. Note that, in the unlikely event that step S2 causes the rotating body 30 to rotate and lose its first orientation, another jig is used to align the rotating body 30 so that it is in the first orientation.

[0014] Next, as shown in Fig. 3, the vibrator 400 is inserted at a position a length LL away from the rotating body 30, either during or before vibration excitation (step S3). The length LL and a depth H, which will be described later, are lengths determined to be preferable for measuring the degree of fluidization of the measurement object, which has been adjusted in advance. The length LL is preferably within a range in which the rotating body 30 is not susceptible to the influence of the vibration of the vibrator 400 itself, and in which the vibration necessary for fluidization is transmitted.

[0015] When the measurement target is ready-mixed concrete, the insertion depth of the rotor 30 is set to a depth H from the top surface of the upper layer 90A, which is poured above (in the Z direction) the lower layer 90B of ready-mixed concrete that has already been poured the first time and compacted, as shown in Figure 3. The fluidity measuring instrument 1 can also be used to measure the fluidity of ready-mixed concrete poured the first time, or ready-mixed concrete poured the third time or later. By going through step S3, the rotor 30 is positioned at a distance LL from the vibrator 400 and at a depth H.

[0016] The vibrator 400 of this embodiment is configured as a general vibrator used for compacting ready-mixed concrete. When the ready-mixed concrete consists of two layers, the vibrator 400 penetrates the upper layer 90A to be compacted, and inserts, for example, about 100 mm near its tip into the lower layer 90B, which has already been compacted. Note that if the ready-mixed concrete to be evaluated is the first pour of ready-mixed concrete, it is necessary to ensure that the vibrator 400 does not come into contact with the bottom. The vibrator 400 can transmit vibrations to compact the ready-mixed concrete within a radius of, for example, about 250 mm from the center of the vibrator 400, depending on its diameter and vibration output strength.

[0017] Next, the vibrator 400 vibrates the fresh concrete (step S4). The vibration of the vibrator 400 starts the fluidization of the fresh concrete. The vibration of the fresh concrete by the vibrator 400 causes the fresh concrete to be compacted. When the vibrator 400 operates inside the fresh concrete, the particles that make up the fresh concrete tend to fall into the gaps between the particles due to the vibration. As the particles fall into the gaps, the water pressure in the gaps increases. The increase in water pressure reduces the frictional force between the particles, and buoyancy becomes dominant over frictional force in the upper layer 90A of the fresh concrete. This causes the fresh concrete to fluidize.

[0018] As the fluidization of the upper layer 90A progresses, the frictional force around the rotating body 30 decreases. In step S4, due to the buoyancy or gravity acting on the rotating body 30, the rotating body 30, which is in the first posture (end 31 facing upward (Z direction in FIG. 5 ), end 32 facing downward (−Z direction)), rotates around the shaft 20 as the rotation axis so that the end 32 faces upward (Z direction). As a result, the rotating body 30 attempts to change from the first posture to the second posture (end 31 facing downward (−Z direction), end 32 facing upward (Z direction)).

[0019] While the rotating body 30 moves from the first posture to the second posture, or while the rotating body 30 is partway from the first posture to the second posture, the sensor unit 40 detects the rotation of the rotating body 30 (step S5). That is, the sensor unit 40 detects the degree of rotation of the rotating body 30 that rotates around the shaft portion 20 as the rotation axis. The detection result of the sensor unit 40 is sent to the evaluation unit 50, which is connected by wire or wirelessly.

[0020] Next, the evaluation unit 50 outputs a measurement result that can evaluate the degree of fluidization of the measurement object based on the detection result received from the sensor unit 40 (step S6). For example, the degree of rotation of the rotating body 30 can be displayed in chronological order, or a graph showing the relationship between a predetermined degree of rotation and the degree of fluidization of the measurement object can be displayed. However, these are merely examples, and any output measurement result that can evaluate the degree of fluidization of the measurement object can be used. In step S6, the user evaluates the degree of fluidization of the measurement object.

[0021] When the user determines from the measurement result output in step S6 that the desired degree of fluidization has been achieved, he or she lifts up the extraction jig 10 (step S7). As will be described later, the extraction jig 10 is connected to the shaft 20, which is connected to the rotating body 30. Therefore, by lifting up the extraction jig 10 in step S7, the rotating body 30 can be reliably recovered.

[0022] When the measurement target is fresh concrete, step S7 is performed before the time when compaction is predicted to be complete. Specifically, it is performed several seconds to several tens of seconds, preferably 1 to 10 seconds, and more preferably 1 to 5 seconds before the time when compaction is predicted to be complete. Meanwhile, the operation of the vibrator 400 in step S4 continues until the time when compaction is predicted to be complete, and then the vibrator 400 is pulled up (step S8).

[0023] For example, if a graph of the acceleration of the rotor 30 is obtained in step S6, the vibration time for which compaction completion is predicted is the time until an extension line of a gradient determined between one and a dozen seconds that can be read from the graph reaches a predetermined resultant acceleration that is predicted to represent compaction completion. The resultant acceleration that is predicted to represent compaction completion is set based on the relationship between the resultant acceleration and the quality of the concrete after hardening. This completes the fluidization measurement method.

[0024] An embodiment of the fluidization measuring device 1 used in the above-described fluidization measuring method will be described below.

[0025] <First embodiment> Fig. 5(a) is a perspective view of a fluidization measuring instrument 1 according to a first example, and Fig. 5(b) is a cross-sectional view of the fluidization measuring instrument 1 taken along line A-A (Fig. 2). The fluidization measuring instrument 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is for measuring the degree of fluidization of a substance (substance D) that is fluidized by vibration or heating. As shown in Figs. 5(a) and 5(b), the fluidization measuring instrument 1 includes, for example, an insertion / extraction jig 10, a shaft portion 20, a rotating body 30, and a sensor portion 40.

[0026] (Insertion / Extraction Jig 10) The insertion / extraction jig 10 has an end 11 and an end 12 located opposite the end 11 and inserted into the material D before the vibration or heating process. The insertion / extraction jig 10 has, for example, a thin rod shape with a substantially rectangular cross section. The insertion / extraction jig 10 is made of, for example, stainless steel. In the example of FIG. 5 , the end 11 has a flat surface, and the end 12 has a curved surface. The end 12 preferably has a tapered shape, such as a pointed tip. The tapered shape may also be other tapered shapes, such as a pyramidal shape or a conical shape. The end 12 side of the insertion / extraction jig 10 corresponds to the side that is inserted into the material D to be measured. The end 11 side of the insertion / extraction jig 10 corresponds to the handle side, through which a user operates the insertion / extraction jig 10 to insert the rotor 30 into the material D and position it at the desired measurement position.

[0027] (Shank 20) ​​Shank 20 has, for example, a thin rod shape with a substantially circular cross section, and has end 21 and end 22 located opposite end 21. Shank 20 is made of, for example, SUS. End 21 is connected to insertion / extraction jig 10 so as to be rotatable around shank 20 as the axis of rotation, and end 22 is fixedly connected to rotating body 30. Shank 20 is inserted into substance D together with end 12 of insertion / extraction jig 10 to measure the degree of fluidization of substance D.

[0028] (Rotating body 30) The rotating body 30 has, for example, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with a substantially rectangular cross section, and has an end 31 and an end 32 located opposite the end 31. In this example, the end 32 side of the rotating body 30 has a tapered shape configured as a triangular prism to facilitate insertion of the rotating body 30 into the material D. The tapered shape may also be other tapered shapes, such as a pyramidal shape or a conical shape. The rotating body 30 is made of, for example, SUS. The rotating body 30 is fixedly connected to the end 22 side of the shaft portion 20 at a predetermined position (mounting position T) provided between the end 31 and the end 32. As a result, the rotating body 30 is fixedly connected to the shaft portion 20 so as to be rotatable relative to the insertion / extraction jig 10 with the shaft portion 20 as the rotation axis.

[0029] 6 is a front view of the rotating body 30 as seen from the side of the insertion / extraction jig 10. In this example, the length of the rotating body 30 is L, and the length L ｒ The hole 30H is provided so that the shaft 20 can be inserted at the position indicated by the arrow. The hole 30H corresponds to the mounting position T. In this example, in order to promote the rotation direction of the rotating body 30 in one direction, the central axis of the hole 30H is positioned at a position longer than the central axis of the rotating body 30 in the width direction by a length L. ｓ 6 (Y direction). In other words, the center of the mounting position T is shifted to the left (Y direction) of the rotating body 30 (center of buoyancy C ｂ ) and the center of gravity of the rotating body 30 (center of gravity C ｇ ) and the end 31 of the hole 30H. However, this deviation (distance) may be provided as needed and is not essential. In this example, the length L ｂ The center of buoyancy C of the rotating body 30 is at the point ｂIn this example, the length L from the center axis of the hole 30H to the end 31 side is ｇ The center of gravity C of the rotating body 30 is at the point ｇ The center of buoyancy C ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ is the shift length L ｓ When the rotating body 30 is provided with the rotator 30, the rotator 30 may be offset from the central axis in the width direction W, but this offset is not considered here.

[0030] (Sensor Unit 40) The sensor unit 40 detects the rotation of the rotating body 30. The sensor unit 40 is, for example, a rotary encoder or a resolver. When the sensor unit 40 is a rotary encoder or a resolver, the sensor unit 40 is attached, for example, to the surface 13 side of the insertion / extraction jig 10. As shown in FIG. 5B , the end 21 of the shaft portion 20 is inserted into the sensor unit 40 through a hole 10H that penetrates the surfaces 13 and 14 of the insertion / extraction jig 10. The sensor unit 40 detects the rotation of the axis of the shaft portion 20. Because the shaft portion 20 and the rotating body 30 are fixedly connected, the sensor unit 40 indirectly detects the rotation of the rotating body 30 by detecting the rotation of the shaft portion 20 by the sensor unit 40.

[0031] (Center of gravity C in the rotating body 30 ｇ , floating center C ｂ , and the relative positional relationship of the mounting position T) The fluidization measurement method using the fluidization measuring instrument 1 is performed by measuring the change in rotation of the rotating body 30 inserted into the substance D. Here, when the entire rotating body 30 is inserted into the substance D, the center of gravity C of the rotating body 30 is ｇ , floating center C ｂ , and the mounting position T, which is the mounting position of the shaft portion 20, affect the rotation behavior of the rotating body 30.

[0032] 4, the rotating body 30 is inserted into the material D in the first attitude. Therefore, the first attitude will be described as the basic state.

[0033] To facilitate understanding, the following points are considered: (1) The hole 30H (mounting position T) is located at the center of buoyancy C ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ(2) When the hole 30H is provided closer to the end 32 than the center of buoyancy C ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ (3) When the hole 30H is provided closer to the end 31 than the center of buoyancy C ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ The following three cases will be explained:

[0034] [(1) The hole 30H is ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ When the rotor 30 does not have a space inside and is made of a single material, the center of buoyancy C of the rotor 30 is ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ When the rotating body 30 is made of a plurality of materials with different specific gravities, or when the rotating body 30 is made of a single material but has internal spaces, and the entire interior of the rotating body 30 is not filled with the same material, the center of buoyancy C of the rotating body 30 ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ This is a general phenomenon that occurs not only in the rotating body 30 but also in other components.

[0035] 7(a) is a diagram of a volume V1, and FIG. 7(b) is a diagram of a volume V2 having the same external shape as FIG. 7(a). The diagram shown in FIG. 7(a) is a rectangular parallelepiped with a volume V1, and the inside is filled with a single material, such as SUS304. In this case, the center of gravity C ｇ and floating center C ｂ The figure shown in Figure 7(b) has the same external shape as Figure 7(a), and is the same in that it is filled with one material, for example, SUS304. However, there is an internal space with a volume P above the center (Z side), resulting in a volume of V2 (=V1-P). In this case, the center of buoyancy C in Figure 7(b) ｂ is in the same position as in FIG. 7(a), but the center of gravity C ｇ 7(a) is moved downward (toward the -Z side). In this way, even if the shape is the same on the outside, the center of gravity C ｇTherefore, by adjusting the shape and specific gravity of the rotor 30, the position of the center of gravity C ｇ , center of buoyancy C ｂ , and the position of the mounting position T can be adjusted.

[0036] 8A and 8B show the case where the hole 30H of the rotor 30 is provided on the end 32 side. ｂ Center of gravity C ｇ is closer to the hole 30H, and FIG. 8(b) shows the case where the center of gravity C ｇ More floating center C ｂ 8(a) and 8(b) show a state in which the rotor 30 is rotated clockwise by 10 degrees with respect to the central axis of the hole 30H, in order to facilitate understanding. ｓ In Figures 8(a) and 8(b), the center of buoyancy C ｂ Buoyancy F acts upward (Z direction) from ｂ acts on the center of gravity C ｇ Gravity F downward (-Z direction) ｇ Therefore, in order to rotate the rotor 30 around the central axis of the hole 30H as the substance D becomes fluidized, a force is required to rotate the rotor 30 further clockwise from the state shown in FIG. 8(a) and FIG. 8(b). Here, the force related to the rotation of the rotor 30 is gravity F ｇ and buoyancy F ｂ 8(a) and 8(b), F ｇ ×L ｇ >F ｂ ×L ｂ Here, the specific gravity of substance D is S ０ The specific gravity of the rotor 30 is S １ The rotating body 30 has no internal space. The gravitational acceleration is g. F ｂ = S ０ × (volume of the rotor 30) × g, and F ｇ = S １ × (volume of the rotor 30) × g. ｇ >(S ０ / S １ ) L ｂ(hereinafter, also referred to as the "first relationship") is required. That is, in the case of the above (1), the center of buoyancy C ｂ The length from the mounting position T to the center of gravity C ｇ The ratio of the length from the mounting position T to the length from the mounting position T satisfies a predetermined first relationship.

[0037] For example, if substance D is fresh concrete (specific gravity S ０ = 2.3), and the material of the rotor 30 is SUS304 (specific gravity S １ = 7.9), then L ｇ >0.291L ｂ For example, if the material of the rotor 30 is polypropylene (specific gravity S １ = 0.9), then L ｇ >2.55L ｂ The rotating body 30 must be configured so that

[0038] [(2) The hole 30H is located at the center of buoyancy C ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ 9A and 9B show a case where the hole 30H of the rotor 30 is provided on the end 31 side. ｇ More floating center C ｂ is closer to the hole 30H, and FIG. 9(b) shows the case where the center of buoyancy C ｂ Center of gravity C ｇ 9(a) and 9(b) show a state in which the rotor 30 is rotated clockwise by 10 degrees with respect to the central axis of the hole 30H, and the shift length L ｓ In order to rotate the rotor 30 as the substance D becomes fluidized, a force is required to rotate the rotor 30 further clockwise from the state shown in FIG. 9. Considering the relationship of the rotational moment in the same way as in FIG. 8, in FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b), L ｇ <(S ０ / S １ ) L ｂ In other words, in the case of the above-mentioned (2), the center of buoyancy C ｂ The length from the mounting position T to the center of gravity C ｇ The ratio of the length from the mounting position T to the length from the mounting position T must satisfy a second predetermined relationship.

[0039] For example, if substance D is fresh concrete (specific gravity S ０ = 2.3), and the material of the rotor 30 is SUS304 (specific gravity S １ = 7.9), then L ｇ <0.291L ｂ For example, if the material of the rotor 30 is polypropylene (specific gravity S １ = 0.9), then L ｇ <2.55L ｂ The rotating body 30 must be configured so that

[0040] [(3) The hole 30H is located at the center of buoyancy C ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ 10 shows a case where the hole 30H of the rotor 30 is provided between the center of gravity C ｇ and floating center C ｂ 10(a) shows the case where the center of gravity C ｇ Center of buoyancy C ｂ 10(b) is an example of a case where the center of buoyancy C ｂ is the center of gravity C ｇ 10(a) and 10(b) show a state in which the rotor 30 is rotated clockwise by 10 degrees with respect to the central axis of the hole 30H, and the shift length L ｓ In order to rotate the rotor 30 as the substance D becomes fluidized, a force is required to rotate the rotor 30 further clockwise from the state shown in FIG. 10. Considering the relationship of the rotational moment in the same way as in FIG. 8, in FIG. 10(a), the buoyancy force F ｂ and gravity F ｇ In FIG. 10(b), both of the buoyant force F ｂ and gravity F ｇBoth of these act as a force urging the rotating body 30 to rotate counterclockwise around the shaft portion 20 as a central axis. That is, Fig. 10(a) is considered to be a good positional relationship for detecting the state of rotation of the rotating body 30. On the other hand, Fig. 10(b) is considered to be a positional relationship that is not suitable for detecting the state of rotation of the rotating body 30. That is, in the case of (3) above, the rotating body 30 needs to have a relationship (hereinafter also referred to as "third relationship") in which, in the first posture, the center of buoyancy Cb is located closer to the end 32 than the attachment position T, and the center of gravity Cg is located closer to the end 31 than the attachment position T.

[0041] To summarize the above, (1) the position of the hole 30H, which is the mounting position of the shaft portion 20 in the rotating body 30, is set to the center of buoyancy C ｂ , center of gravity C ｇ When the end 32 is located closer to the ｇ >(S ０ / S １ ) L ｂ (2) The position of the hole 30H in the rotor 30 is set so as to be closer to the center of buoyancy C ｂ , center of gravity C ｇ When the end 31 is located closer to the end 31, ｇ <(S ０ / S １ ) L ｂ (3) The position of the hole 30H in the rotor 30 is set to the center of buoyancy C ｂ and center of gravity C ｇ If it is installed between ｂ on the end 32 side, and the center of gravity C ｇ It is necessary to satisfy a third relationship in which the end 31 is on the end 31 side.

[0042] However, in actual phenomena, the center of gravity C is affected by other factors, such as frictional resistance between the insertion / extraction jig 10 and the shaft 20. In particular, in the case of fresh concrete, as the concrete fluidizes, buoyancy becomes more dominant than frictional force in the upper layer 90A of the fresh concrete, but there are still situations in which the buoyancy is not fully exerted due to frictional force. Therefore, the above (1) to (3) should be used as basic standards, and in practice, by repeating experiments, etc., it is possible to determine the center of gravity C ｇ , floating center C ｂIt is preferable to determine the relative positional relationship between the center of buoyancy Cb of the rotating body 30, the center of gravity Cg of the rotating body 30, and the mounting position T. That is, when the rotating body 30 of this embodiment is inserted entirely into the substance D while maintaining a first position in which the end 32 is deeper in the depth direction than the end 31, the position of the center of buoyancy Cb of the rotating body 30, the position of the center of gravity Cg of the rotating body 30, and the mounting position T must be configured so that the rotating body 30 will rotate due to fluidization of the substance D from the first position to a second position in which the end 31 is deeper in the depth direction than the end 32. With the determined positional relationship, the relationship between the change in rotation of the rotating body 30 and the degree of fluidization of the substance D is obtained in advance.

[0043] The above describes an embodiment of a fluidization measuring instrument according to the present disclosure. By configuring the fluidization measuring instrument 1 as described above, the rotating body 30 can be placed at a desired measurement position relative to the vibrator 400 by operating the insertion / extraction jig 10. The rotating body 30 can be rotated around the shaft portion 20 relative to the insertion / extraction jig 10, allowing the degree of fluidization of the substance D to be measured. After measurement, the rotating body 30 can be reliably retrieved by lifting up the insertion / extraction jig 10. In other words, the fluidization measuring instrument of this embodiment can stably measure the degree of fluidity of a substance that is fluidized by vibration or heating, and can more reliably retrieve the sensor used for measurement.

[0044] <Modification of the First Embodiment> The fluidization measuring instrument 1 may employ a magnetic sensor unit 40. FIG. 11( a ) is a perspective view of the fluidization measuring instrument 1 when the magnetic sensor unit 40 is employed, and FIG. 11( b ) is a side view thereof. In FIG. 11( b ), the magnetic sensor 40 a and the magnet 30 a, which are not visible in the side view, are indicated by dotted lines. FIG. 12 is a front view of an example of a rotating body 30 when the magnetic sensor unit 40 is employed, viewed from the insertion / extraction jig 10 side. FIG. 13 is a front view of an example of an insertion / extraction jig 10 when the magnetic sensor unit 40 is employed, viewed from the rotating body 30 side. In FIGS. 11 and 12 , as an example, the mounting position T is provided on the end 32 side of the rotating body 30, and the above-described condition (1) is shown. However, this modification may be implemented under any of the above-described conditions (1) to (3).

[0045] As shown in Figures 11(b) and 12, the rotating body 30 of this modified example has a magnet 30a embedded on the end 32 side of the surface 33. As shown in Figures 11(b) and 13, the insertion / extraction jig 10 has a plurality of magnetic sensors 40a embedded in the surface 14 around the hole 10H, which is the connection part with the shaft portion 20, for detecting the magnetism of the magnet 30a. According to the configuration of this modified example, when the rotating body 30 rotates about the shaft portion 20 as its central axis, the magnet 30a embedded in the rotating body 30 also rotates about the shaft portion 20 as its central axis. The rotational movement of the magnet 30a is detected by the magnetic sensors 40a embedded in the insertion / extraction jig 10.

[0046] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a connection technique between the shaft portion 20 and the rotating body 30 according to a modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another example of a connection technique between the shaft portion 20 and the rotating body 30 according to a modified example of the first embodiment. Similar to FIG. 5(b), FIGS. 14 and 15 show the shaft portion 20 and the rotating body 30 in cross-sectional views taken along the line A-A (FIG. 2). When a magnetic sensor 40a is used as the sensor unit 40, for example, the rotating body 30 may be rotatably connected to the shaft portion 20. In this case, as shown in FIG. 14, the hole 30H of the rotating body 30 may be formed as a through-hole having a diameter d2 larger than the diameter d1 of the shaft portion 20, and the shaft portion 20 may be inserted therethrough. In this case, to ensure a more reliable connection on the end 22 side, it is preferable to configure the diameter d3 larger than the diameter d2. Note that when the rotating body 30 is rotatably connected to the shaft portion 20, the shaft portion 20 and the insertion / extraction jig 10 are fixedly connected.

[0047] As another example of rotatably connecting the rotor 30 to the shaft portion 20, as shown in FIG. 15 , the hole 30H may be a cylindrical hole having a diameter d5 instead of a through-hole, and a hole having a diameter d2 smaller than the diameter d5 may be provided from the surface 33 side to the cylindrical hole. Here, the diameter d4 of the end portion 22 is configured so that d5 > d4 > d2. This allows the end portion 22 having the diameter d4 to rotate inside the rotor 30, and the rotor 30 is rotatably connected to the shaft portion 20. To obtain the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 15 , for example, the rotor 30 may be configured as two parts based on the central axis in the width direction W ( FIG. 12 ), the shaft portion 20 may be sandwiched between the two parts, and the two parts may then be joined to obtain the rotor 30.

[0048] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a connection technique between the extraction jig 10 and the shaft portion 20 according to a modified example of the first embodiment. When a magnetic sensor is used for the sensor unit 40 and the rotating body 30 and the shaft portion 20 are fixedly connected, it is necessary to rotatably connect the shaft portion 20 to the extraction jig 10. In this case, as shown in FIG. 16 , the end 21 side of the shaft portion 20 is configured to have a diameter d7 larger than the shaft diameter d1 of the shaft portion 20, and a cylindrical hole having a diameter d8 larger than the diameter d7 is provided in the extraction jig 10. A hole having a diameter d6 (d7 > d6 > d1) is provided from the surface 14 side to this cylindrical hole. This allows the end 21 of the shaft portion 20 to rotate within the extraction jig 10, and the shaft portion 20 is rotatably connected to the extraction jig 10. To obtain the insertion / extraction jig 10 of Figure 16, for example, as described above in Figure 15, the insertion / extraction jig 10 is constructed as two parts, the shaft portion 20 is sandwiched between the two parts, and the two parts are then joined to obtain the insertion / extraction jig 10.

[0049] When the shape of Fig. 16 is adopted, the magnet 30a may be attached to the end portion 21 side rather than inside the rotating body 30, and the magnetic sensor 40a may be provided in a position where the magnetism of this magnet 30a can be detected. In the case of Fig. 16, the shaft portion 20 and the rotating body 30 are fixedly connected, so it is possible to indirectly detect the rotational movement of the rotating body 30 from the rotational movement of the magnet 30a attached to the end portion 21 side. In this case, care must be taken to ensure that the attachment of the magnet 30a does not cause the shaft portion 20 to resonate due to the rotation of the shaft portion 20.

[0050] The insertion / extraction jig 10 may be configured as shown in FIG. 17 . FIG. 17 illustrates another configuration of the insertion / extraction jig 10. In FIGS. 5 and 11 , the shank 20 is connected to the end 12 side of the insertion / extraction jig 10 near the end 12. However, as shown in FIG. 17( a), the shank 20 may be connected so as to protrude directly from the end 12 of the insertion / extraction jig 10. Alternatively, the shank 20 may not only be connected to the insertion / extraction jig 10 at the end 21 side, but also, as shown in FIG. 17( b), an insertion / extraction jig 10X corresponding to the insertion / extraction jig 10 may be provided at the end 22 side, and the insertion / extraction jig 10X may be connected to the end 22 side. In this case, as shown in FIG. 17( c), the insertion / extraction jig 10 and the insertion / extraction jig 10X may be configured such that their end 11 sides are joined together to form an integrated unit.

[0051] <Second embodiment> In the fluidization measuring instrument 1, when the rotor 30 is configured to have a specific gravity smaller than that of the substance D, the fluidization measuring instrument 1 may be configured as in the fluidization measuring instrument 1A shown in Fig. 18. For example, when the substance D is fresh concrete (specific gravity S ０ = 2.3), the rotor 30 is made of polypropylene (specific gravity S １= 0.9). Figure 18(a) is a perspective view of the fluidization measuring instrument 1A according to the second embodiment, and Figure 18(b) is a side view thereof. In Figure 18(a), parts of the shaft 20 and the rotating body 30, which are not visible in a perspective view, are indicated by dotted lines. In Figure 18(b), the magnetic sensor 40a and the magnet 30a, which are not visible in a side view, are indicated by dotted lines. The fluidization measuring instrument 1A comprises an insertion / extraction jig 10A, a shaft 20, a rotating body 30A, and a sensor unit 40. The sensor unit 40 employs the magnetic sensor system (magnetic sensor 40a) described above.

[0052] Fig. 19 is a front view of the rotating body 30A as viewed from the side of the insertion / extraction jig 10A. Fig. 20 is a front view of the insertion / extraction jig 10A as viewed from the side of the rotating body 30A.

[0053] In the fluidization measuring instrument 1, the hole 30H of the rotor 30 had a circular hole shape. In the fluidization measuring instrument 1A, the hole 30H of the rotor 30A has an elongated hole shape that allows the shaft 20 to move in the length direction of the rotor 30A (Z direction, -Z direction in FIG. 19). In other words, the hole 30H has a shape that allows the end 22 side of the shaft 20 to move from a predetermined position (first position α) to a position (second position β) closer to the end 32 than the first position α. ​​The rotor 30A is rotatably attached via the hole 30H on the end 22 side of the shaft 20 with the shaft 20 as the rotation axis. Note that in the fluidization measuring instrument 1A, the length R from the rotation center of the rotor 30A to the magnet 30a is ｍ The width of the insertion / extraction jig 10A is increased to match this, and this is shown as W' in FIG. １０ Since the rotating body 30A is rotatably connected to the shaft portion 20, the shaft portion 20 and the insertion / extraction jig 10A are fixedly connected to each other.

[0054] FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing a fluidization measurement method using the fluidization measuring instrument 1A. In FIG. 21, the insertion / extraction jig 10 in FIG. 4 is replaced with an insertion / extraction jig 10A, the rotating body 30 is replaced with a rotating body 30A, the sensor unit 40 is replaced with a magnetic sensor 40a, and the notation of step S7 is formally changed from "pull-up" to "second pull-up." The fluidization measurement method using the fluidization measuring instrument 1A essentially differs from the fluidization measurement method using the fluidization measuring instrument 1 in the addition of step S2-2. Because the rotating body 30A has a smaller specific gravity than the substance D, when the fluidization measuring instrument 1A is inserted into the substance D in step S2, the shaft 20 is inserted in the depth direction while being positioned on the end 32 side of the rotating body 30 in the elongated hole of the hole 30H (second position β). That is, by configuring the rotating body 30A as an elongated hole, it is possible to maintain a state in which the rotating body 30A is less likely to rotate while the insertion / extraction jig 10A is being inserted in step S2.

[0055] Once the rotating body 30A has been placed at the desired measurement position, the insertion / extraction jig 10A is pulled up by a predetermined length so that the shaft portion 20 moves to the end 31 side of the hole 30H of the rotating body 30A (first position α) (first pulling up, step S2-2). That is, the shaft portion 20 is pulled up from the second position β to the first position α. ​​By carrying out step S2-2, R ｍ With the rotational speed increased, the rotation of the rotor 30A can be promoted.

[0056] FIG. 22 shows the center of gravity C of the rotating body 30A. ｇ and floating center C ｂ 1 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship between the rotor 30A and the shaft 20. When the rotor 30A is in a state where the entire rotor 30A is inserted into the substance D while maintaining a first posture in which the end 32 is deeper in the depth direction than the end 31, and the end 22 side of the shaft 20 is located at the first position α, the center of buoyancy C of the rotor 30A is moved from the first posture by the rotation of the rotor 30A caused by the fluidization of the substance D so that the rotor 30A assumes a second posture in which the end 31 is deeper in the depth direction than the end 32. ｂ and the position of the center of gravity C of the rotating body 30 ｇ Since the magnet 30a is embedded in the rotor 30A on the end 32 side, the distance R between the shaft 20 and the magnet 30a is ｍTherefore, the radius R is larger than that of the fluidization measuring instrument 1. ｍ The rotational movement in the circumferential direction is more likely to be possible with the radius R ｍ If a longer time can be ensured, the fluidization measuring instrument 1A can detect the rotational movement of the rotor 30A more accurately than the rotational movement of the rotor 30 of the fluidization measuring instrument 1.

[0057] The above describes the embodiment and modified examples of the present disclosure. In the present embodiment, the substance D is described using ready-mix concrete as an example. However, the substance D is not limited to ready-mix concrete as long as it is fluidized by vibration or heating. For example, the substance D may be a food product such as curry roux that fluidizes by heating, or other substances.

[0058] Furthermore, instead of adopting a magnetic sensor system for the sensor unit 40, a combination of a light-receiving element and a light-emitting element may be used. For example, a configuration may be adopted in which a light-emitting element is used instead of a magnet, and a light-receiving element is used instead of a magnetic sensor. When an accelerometer is adopted as the sensor unit 40, it may be mounted on the rotating body 30 and configured to send the results to the evaluation unit 50. The function of the evaluation unit 50 may be provided in the insertion / extraction jig 10 or the insertion / extraction jig 10A. Needless to say, the shapes, sizes, materials, etc. of the insertion / extraction jig 10, the shaft portion 20, the rotating body 30, and the sensor unit 40 described in this embodiment can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0059] 1, 1A Fluidization measuring device 10, 10A Insertion / extraction jig 10H, 30H Hole portion 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32 End portion 13, 14, 33, 34 Surface 20 Shaft portion 200 Formwork 30, 30A Rotating body 30a Magnet 310 First portion 320 Second portion 40 Sensor portion 40a Magnetic sensor 400 Vibrator 50 Evaluation portion 90A Upper layer 90B Lower layer C ｇ Center of gravity C ｂ Center of buoyancy d1 Shaft diameter d2~d8 Diameter D Material F ｂ Buoyancy F ｇ Gravity L, LL, L ｂ , L ｇ , L ｒ , Lｓ , R ｍ , W, W １０ Length S ０ , S １ Specific gravity T, mounting position α, first position β, second position

Claims

1. A fluidization measuring device for measuring the degree of fluidization of a material that is fluidized by vibration or heating, comprising: an insertion / extraction jig having a first end and a second end located opposite the first end and inserted into the material before performing a vibration or heating process; a shaft portion having one end and another end located opposite the first end, the one end being connected to the insertion / extraction jig and inserted into the material together with the insertion / extraction jig; a rotor having a third end and a fourth end located opposite the third end, the rotor being connected to the other end of the shaft portion at an attachment position provided between the third end and the fourth end so as to be rotatable relative to the insertion / extraction jig around the shaft portion as an axis of rotation; and a sensor portion capable of detecting the rotation of the rotor. A fluidization measuring device, wherein the position of the center of buoyancy of the rotating body, the position of the center of gravity of the rotating body, and the mounting position are configured so that when the rotating body is inserted entirely into the substance while maintaining the fourth end in a first position in which the fourth end is deeper in the depth direction than the third end, the rotation accompanying fluidization of the substance will cause the third end to change from the first position to a second position in which the third end is deeper in the depth direction than the fourth end.

2. A fluidization measuring instrument as described in claim 1, wherein, in the first posture, the center of buoyancy of the rotating body is located closer to the fourth end than the mounting position, and the center of gravity is located closer to the third end than the mounting position.

3. The fluidization measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein, in the first posture, the rotating body is configured such that the mounting position is located closer to the fourth end than the center of buoyancy and the center of gravity, and the ratio of the length from the center of buoyancy to the mounting position and the length from the center of gravity to the mounting position satisfies a predetermined first relationship.

4. The fluidization measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein, in the first posture, the rotating body is configured such that the mounting position is located closer to the third end than the center of buoyancy and the center of gravity, and the ratio of the length from the center of buoyancy to the mounting position and the length from the center of gravity to the mounting position satisfies a predetermined second relationship.

5. A fluidization measuring device as described in claim 2, wherein the center of the mounting position is configured to be spaced apart from a straight line passing through the center of buoyancy and the center of gravity.

6. The fluidization measuring instrument according to claim 2, wherein said one end of said shaft portion is fixedly connected to said insertion / removal jig.

7. The fluidization measuring instrument of claim 2, wherein the rotating body is fixedly connected to the other end of the shaft portion.

8. A fluidization measuring instrument as described in claim 7, wherein the shaft portion is connected to the insertion / removal jig so as to be rotatable around the axial direction.

9. The fluidization measuring instrument according to claim 8, wherein the sensor unit is mounted on the rotating body.

10. A fluidization measuring device for measuring the degree of fluidization of a substance that is fluidized by vibration or heating, comprising: an insertion / removal tool having a first end and a second end located opposite the first end and inserted into the substance before performing a vibration or heating process; a shaft portion having one end fixedly connected to the insertion / removal tool and the other end located opposite the first end, and inserted into the substance together with the insertion / removal tool; a third end, a fourth end located opposite the third end, and a long hole portion that allows the other end side of the shaft portion to move from a first position to a second position closer to the fourth portion than the first position, a rotating body made of a specific gravity smaller than that of the substance and rotatably attached via the long hole portion to the other end side of the shaft portion with the shaft portion as a rotation axis; and a sensor portion capable of detecting the rotation of the rotating body. A fluidization measuring device, wherein the position of the center of buoyancy of the rotating body, the position of the center of gravity of the rotating body, and the first position are configured so that when the rotating body is in a state where the fourth end is maintained in a first position in which it is deeper in the depth direction than the third end, and the other end of the shaft is located at the first position, the rotation accompanying fluidization of the material causes the third end to change from the first position to a second position in which it is deeper in the depth direction than the fourth end.

Images