Flexible full-protection device for weld seam, and welding method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a flexible full-protection device for a weld seam, and a welding method. The device comprises: a protective cover, a first shielding gas pipe and a partition plate, wherein openings are respectively formed in the lower portion and the front end of the protective cover; the partition plate is located in the protective cover and fixed to the protective cover; the partition plate divides the interior of the protective cover into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; the protective cover and the partition plate are extendable / retractable; and an air outlet of the first shielding gas pipe is located in the lower cavity. According to the present invention, compressed air enters the upper cavity after being blown below a protective lens and flows into the upper cavity to generate negative pressure, so as to suction high-temperature welding fume into the upper cavity and move the welding fume away from the position above a welding point, reducing the adverse effects of the welding fume on the weld seam and preventing the welding fume from blocking laser light emitted by a laser head.

Description

Flexible weld full protection device and welding method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of weld protection, in particular to a flexible weld full protection device and a welding method. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding has the advantages of highly concentrated energy, small heat-affected zone, and small post-weld deformation. It has been widely used in metal industries such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and titanium alloy. During the laser welding process, if the welds of easily oxidized metals are not effectively protected, oxidation and ablation are likely to occur, and even the performance of the welds will be affected. Commonly used coaxial protection devices or side-blowing protection devices can only ensure that the liquid molten pool and molten metal droplets are effectively protected, while the weld metal that has just solidified after welding and the high-temperature near-seam area are not effectively protected. When the newly solidified weld metal and the high-temperature near-seam area are cooled in the atmospheric environment, they react with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. in the air, causing oxidation discoloration at the mildest, and even causing weld embrittlement and reduced weld plasticity in severe cases.

[0003] At the same time, the welding smoke generated during welding is located above the welded parts, which will affect the quality of the weld, block the laser emitted by the laser head, causing the output energy to decrease, and damage the respiratory system of nearby workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides a flexible weld full protection device and a welding method, which solve the problems of weld oxidation discoloration and performance degradation.

[0005] A flexible weld full protection device includes: a protective cover, a first protective gas pipeline and a partition. The lower part and the front end of the protective cover are respectively formed with openings. The partition is located inside the protective cover and is fixed to the protective cover. The partition divides the interior of the protective cover into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The protective cover and the partition are capable of expansion and contraction. The outlet of the first protective gas pipeline is located inside the lower cavity.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a compressed air pipeline, and the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline is located inside the upper cavity.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a first guide plate, the first guide plate is located on the front side of the protective cover, the rear side of the first guide plate is higher than the front side, and the top of the first guide plate is connected to the upper cavity;

[0008] It also includes a second guide plate, the second guide plate is located above the first guide plate, the compressed air pipeline passes through the second guide plate and is fixedly connected to the second guide plate;

[0009] The first guide plate and the second guide plate are respectively fixed relative to the front end position of the protective cover.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a first fixed frame and a second fixed frame. The front and rear ends of the protective cover are fixedly connected to the first fixed frame and the second fixed frame respectively, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are fixedly connected to the first fixed frame respectively.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a first baffle and a second baffle, the first baffle is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame, the first baffle shields the rear end of the lower cavity, and the second baffle is fixedly connected to the first fixing frame, the second baffle shields the front end of the lower cavity;

[0012] It also includes an air outlet pipe. The rear end of the first protective gas pipeline passes through the first baffle. The air outlet pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline. The air outlet pipe is located inside the lower cavity with the air outlet facing downward. The air outlet pipe is fixed relative to the first fixed frame.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes side panels, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first guide plate and the second guide plate. The upper and lower sides of the side panels are respectively fixedly connected to the second guide plate and the first guide plate. The first guide plate, the second guide plate and the two side panels form an air intake channel.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the protective cover is an accordion-type protective cover, the partition is a folding plate, and the first protective gas pipeline is retractable.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, it further comprises a sealing strip, and the lower ends of both sides of the protective cover are fixedly connected to the sealing strip respectively.

[0016] A welding method using the flexible weld full protection device comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: placing the weldment on the welding table and cleaning the welding position of the weldment;

[0018] Step S2: Connect the laser head to the front end of the protective cover, fix the rear end of the protective cover to the welding table, and connect the rear end of the lower cavity to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device;

[0019] Step S3: Compressed air is introduced into the air inlet of the laser head. The compressed air passes under the protective lens of the laser head and then leaves the air inlet. The compressed air enters the upper cavity through the compressed air pipeline.

[0020] Passing shielding gas into the first shielding gas pipeline and the second shielding gas pipeline;

[0021] Step S4: The laser head moves along the welding direction to weld the workpiece, and the first shielding gas pipeline and the front end of the shield move along the front and rear sides of the laser head respectively, and the shield covers the top of the weld;

[0022] Step S5: After welding is completed, the shielding gas in the first shielding gas pipeline and the second shielding gas pipeline and the compressed air in the air inlet are disconnected, and the laser head is shut down.

[0023] On the basis of the above technical solution, if the welding direction changes, limit sliders are set on both sides of the welding direction change point before welding, and the limit sliders are used to limit the protective cover;

[0024] If the weld needs to be cooled quickly, the cooled shielding gas is introduced into the second shielding gas pipeline.

[0025] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. After welding, a protective atmosphere is formed in the newly solidified weld metal and the high-temperature near-weld area, and a retractable protective cover is used to cover all welds, so that the entire weld is fully protected during the cooling process to prevent oxidation, discoloration, and performance degradation of the weld.

[0027] 2. The compressed air blows under the protective lens and then enters the upper cavity, where it flows to generate negative pressure, thereby sucking the hotter welding smoke into the upper cavity and moving the welding smoke away from above the welding point, reducing the adverse effects of the welding smoke on the weld and preventing the welding smoke from blocking the laser emitted by the laser head;

[0028] 3. The airflow ejected from the second shielding gas pipe facilitates the separation of welding fume and shielding gas with different temperatures, thus reducing the amount of shielding gas sucked into the upper cavity;

[0029] 4. For welds that require rapid cooling, the shielding gas from the second shielding gas pipe is cooled and then ejected. This will increase the temperature difference between the shielding gas and welding fume while cooling the weld, thereby achieving better stratification between the two.

[0030] 5. The protective cover is flexible and can bend under the limit of the limit slider to adapt to the curved welding direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings without inventive effort.

[0032] Figure 1: A schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in Figure 1;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4: A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of point B in Figure 3;

[0036] Figure 5 is a second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the top view of the limit slider. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0039] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, this embodiment provides a flexible weld full protection device, including: a protective cover 1, a first protective gas pipe 2 and a partition 10, the lower part and the front end of the protective cover 1 are respectively formed with openings, the partition 10 is located inside the protective cover 1 and is fixed to the protective cover 1, the partition 10 divides the interior of the protective cover 1 into an upper cavity 11 and a lower cavity 12, the protective cover 1 and the partition 10 are capable of expansion and contraction, and the air outlet of the first protective gas pipe 2 is located inside the lower cavity 12.

[0044] On the basis of the above technical solution, a compressed air pipeline 5 is further included, and the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline 5 is located inside the upper cavity 11. Preferably, the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline 5 is located at the front part of the upper cavity 11.

[0045] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a first guide plate 3, which is located on the front side of the protective cover 1, the rear side of the first guide plate 3 is higher than the front side, and the top of the first guide plate 3 is connected to the upper cavity 11; the first guide plate 3 plays a role in guiding the welding smoke.

[0046] It also includes a second guide plate 4, which is located above the first guide plate 3, and the compressed air pipeline 5 passes through the second guide plate 4 and is fixedly connected to the second guide plate 4;

[0047] The first guide plate 3 and the second guide plate 4 are respectively fixed relative to the front end of the protective cover 1 .

[0048] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a first fixed frame 13 and a second fixed frame 14. The front and rear ends of the protective cover 1 are fixedly connected to the first fixed frame 13 and the second fixed frame 14 respectively, and the first guide plate 3 and the second guide plate 4 are fixedly connected to the first fixed frame 13 respectively.

[0049] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a first baffle 15 and a second baffle 31. The first baffle 15 is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame 14, and the first baffle 15 blocks the rear end of the lower cavity 12. The second baffle 31 is fixedly connected to the first fixing frame 13, and the second baffle 31 blocks the front end of the lower cavity 12.

[0050] It also includes an air outlet pipe 21. The rear end of the first protective gas pipeline 2 passes through the first baffle 15. The air outlet pipe 21 is fixedly connected and communicated with the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline 2. The air outlet pipe 21 is located inside the lower cavity 12 with the air outlet facing downward. The position of the air outlet pipe 21 is fixed relative to the first fixed frame 13.

[0051] Based on the above technical solution, the device further includes side panels 41. The two side panels 41 are located on the left and right sides of the first deflector plate 3 and the second deflector plate 4, respectively. The upper and lower sides of the side panels 41 are fixedly connected to the second deflector plate 4 and the first deflector plate 3, respectively. The first deflector plate 3, the second deflector plate 4, and the two side panels 41 form an air intake passage. The air intake passage reduces the outward diffusion of welding fumes, allowing as much fumes as possible to enter the air intake passage and the upper cavity 11.

[0052] Based on the above technical solution, the protective cover 1 is an accordion-style protective cover, and the first protective gas duct 2 is retractable. The first protective gas duct 2 is a spring tube. Preferably, the protective cover 1 and the partition 10 are made of aluminum foil, and the partition 10 is a foldable plate.

[0053] Based on the above technical solution, it further comprises a sealing strip 6, and the lower ends of both sides of the protective cover 1 are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing strip 6. Preferably, the shape of the sealing strip 6 is adapted to the shape of the protective cover 1, which is a zigzag shape, and the sealing strip 6 is foldable.

[0054] A welding method using the flexible weld full protection device comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step S1: placing the weldment 9 on the welding table and cleaning the welding position of the weldment 9;

[0056] Step S2: Connect the laser head 7 to the front end of the protective cover 1, fix the rear end of the protective cover 1 to the welding table, and connect the rear end of the lower cavity 12 to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device; preferably, the second fixing frame 14 or the first baffle 15 is fixedly connected to the welding table.

[0057] Step S3: Compressed air is introduced into the air inlet 71 of the laser head 7. The compressed air passes under the protective lens 73 of the laser head 7 and leaves the air inlet 71. The compressed air enters the upper cavity 11 through the compressed air pipe 5.

[0058] Shielding gas is introduced into the first shielding gas pipeline 2 and the second shielding gas pipeline 8; preferably, the shielding gas is argon;

[0059] Step S4: The laser head 7 moves along the welding direction to weld the welded part 9. The first shielding gas pipe 2 and the front end of the protective cover 1 follow the laser head 7 on the front and rear sides respectively, and the protective cover 1 covers the top of the weld seam 91. Preferably, the laser head 7 is fixedly connected or hinged to the front end of the protective cover 1, the second guide plate 4 or the first fixing frame 13.

[0060] Step S5: After welding is completed, the shielding gas in the first shielding gas line 2 and the second shielding gas line 8 and the compressed air in the air inlet 71 are disconnected, and the laser head 7 is shut down. Preferably, the shielding gas in the first shielding gas line 2 is finally disconnected after the weld has substantially cooled, thereby maintaining the shielding gas concentration in the lower cavity 12.

[0061] On the basis of the above technical solution, if the direction of the welding direction changes (as shown in Figure 6), limit sliders 16 are set on both sides of the place where the welding direction changes before welding. The protective cover 1 moves between the limit sliders 16 on both sides and contacts the limit sliders 16. The limit sliders 16 are used to limit the protective cover 1; the limit slider 16 is fixed relative to the welding table or rotates around its own axis.

[0062] If the weld 91 needs to be cooled quickly, cooled shielding gas is introduced into the second shielding gas pipeline 8 , and the temperature of the shielding gas is lower than room temperature.

[0063] Working principle:

[0064] During welding, compressed air blows under the protective lens 73 to remove welding fumes from underneath the lens 73, preventing them from coating the lens 73 and obstructing the laser. The compressed air, carrying the welding fumes, leaves the laser head 7 through the air outlet 72. The compressed air then passes through the vent pipe and compressed air pipe 5, exiting the outlet of the compressed air pipe 5 and flowing from front to back. The high-speed flow of compressed air pipe 5 within the upper chamber 11 creates negative pressure, which draws the fumes away from above the weld. The fumes then move from front to back within the upper chamber 11 until they enter the exhaust gas treatment device for treatment.

[0065] During welding, argon gas ejected from the second shielding gas line 8 forms a gas layer above the weld, flowing from front to back, thereby separating the welding fume from the weld. It should be noted that the high temperature of welding fume, while the lower temperature of argon gas, facilitates stratification between the two. Furthermore, the high-temperature fume spontaneously moves upward, facilitating its absorption into the upper cavity 11.

[0066] After passing through the weld, the argon gas flows through the gap between the first guide plate 3 and the welded part 9, thereby protecting the weld 91. It should be noted that there is a gap between the second baffle 31 and the welded part 9, so that the weld 91 is not blocked. The shielding gas that overflows from the gap flows between the first guide plate 3 and the second baffle 31 to protect the weld 91.

[0067] Outlet pipe 21 sprays shielding gas (such as argon) downward, ensuring that the upper portion of weld 91 is filled with shielding gas rather than air. This prevents the newly solidified weld 91 from reacting with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and other gases in the air. Because the lower opening of protective cover 1 is blocked by weld 9 and sealing strip 6 contacts the upper surface of weld 10, the sealing effect is further enhanced. At this point, shielding gas in lower cavity 12 can only escape through the gap between front second baffle 31 and weld 9, thereby reducing shielding gas overflow from lower cavity 12 and increasing the shielding gas content in the upper portion of weld 91.

[0068] The first shielding gas pipe 2 can be fed with hot shielding gas or hot air to achieve slow cooling of the weld, which is suitable for welding high-alloy steels such as nickel-based steels; the first shielding gas pipe 2 can be fed with cooling water to achieve rapid cooling of the weld, which is suitable for welding high-strength steel and ultra-high-strength steel that have requirements for weld structure.

[0069] It should be noted that the protective cover 1 and the first protective gas pipeline 2 can be extended and retracted along a straight line or a curve.

[0070] It should be noted that the “telescopic” in the present application means that the distance between the two ends of components such as the protective cover 1 , the protective gas duct 2 , and the partition 10 can be changed.

[0071] The present invention has been described above by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Any changes or modifications based on the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible weld full protection device, characterized in that: include: A protective cover (1), a first protective gas pipeline (2) and a partition (10), wherein the protective cover (1) is respectively formed with openings at the bottom and the front end, the partition (10) is located inside the protective cover (1) and is fixed to the protective cover (1), the partition (10) divides the inside of the protective cover (1) into an upper cavity (11) and a lower cavity (12), the protective cover (1) and the partition (10) are capable of being retracted, and the gas outlet of the first protective gas pipeline (2) is located inside the lower cavity (12).

2. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a compressed air pipeline (5), wherein the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline (5) is located inside the upper cavity (11).

3. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a first guide plate (3), the first guide plate (3) being located at the front side of the protective cover (1), the rear side of the first guide plate (3) being higher than the front side, and the top of the first guide plate (3) being connected to the upper cavity (11); It also comprises a second guide plate (4), the second guide plate (4) being located above the first guide plate (3), the compressed air pipeline (5) passing through the second guide plate (4) and being fixedly connected to the second guide plate (4); The first guide plate (3) and the second guide plate (4) are respectively fixed relative to the front end position of the protective cover (1).

4. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a first fixing frame (13) and a second fixing frame (14), the front and rear ends of the protective cover (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the first fixing frame (13) and the second fixing frame (14), and the first guide plate (3) and the second guide plate (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the first fixing frame (13).

5. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a first baffle (15) and a second baffle (31), wherein the first baffle (15) is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame (14), the first baffle (15) shielding the rear end of the lower cavity (12), and the second baffle (31) is fixedly connected to the first fixing frame (13), the second baffle (31) shielding the front end of the lower cavity (12); It also comprises an air outlet pipe (21), the rear end of the first protective gas pipeline (2) passes through the first baffle (15), the air outlet pipe (21) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline (2), the air outlet pipe (21) is located inside the lower cavity (12) with the air outlet facing downwards, and the position of the air outlet pipe (21) is fixed relative to the first fixed frame (13).

6. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises side plates (41), the two side plates (41) being respectively located on the left and right sides of the first guide plate (3) and the second guide plate (4), the upper and lower sides of the side plates (41) being respectively fixedly connected to the second guide plate (4) and the first guide plate (3), and the first guide plate (3), the second guide plate (4) and the two side plates (41) forming an air intake passage.

7. The flexible weld full protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (1) is an accordion-type protective cover, the partition plate (10) is a folding plate, and the first protective gas pipeline (2) is retractable.

8. The flexible weld full protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a sealing strip (8), and the lower ends of both sides of the protective cover (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing strip (8).

9. A welding method using the flexible weld full protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: placing the welded part (9) on the welding table and cleaning the welding position of the welded part (9); Step S2: connecting the laser head (7) to the front end of the protective cover (1), fixing the rear end of the protective cover (1) to the welding table, and connecting the rear end of the lower cavity (12) to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device; Step S3: compressed air is introduced into the air inlet (71) of the laser head (7), the compressed air passes under the protective lens (73) of the laser head (7) and then leaves the air inlet (71), and the compressed air enters the upper cavity (11) through the compressed air pipeline (5); Passing protective gas into the first protective gas pipeline (2) and the second protective gas pipeline (8); Step S4: the laser head (7) moves along the welding direction to weld the welded part (9), the first protective gas pipeline (2) and the front end of the protective cover (1) move with the laser head (7) at the front and rear sides respectively, and the protective cover (1) covers the top of the weld (91); Step S5: After welding is completed, the protective gas in the first protective gas pipeline (2) and the second protective gas pipeline (8) and the compressed air in the air inlet (71) are disconnected, and the laser head (7) is shut down.

10. A welding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the welding direction changes, before welding, limit sliders (16) are arranged on both sides of the position where the welding direction changes, and the limit sliders (16) are used to limit the protective cover (1); If the weld (91) needs to be cooled quickly, the cooled shielding gas is introduced into the second shielding gas pipeline (8).

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