Heat exchange tube assembly and high-capacity battery

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a heat exchange tube assembly and a high-capacity battery. The problems such as complex structures, difficulty in mounting and large sizes of heat exchange tube assemblies of existing high-capacity batteries are solved. The heat exchange tube assembly comprises a heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange tube exchange heat with battery cells in a high-capacity battery by means of single-stage heat exchange. Single-stage heat exchange is used, and compared with a two-stage heat exchange structure, the single-stage heat exchange structure is simple and has a simple and convenient mounting process.

Description

Heat exchange tube assembly and large-capacity battery Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a heat exchange tube assembly and a large-capacity battery. Background Art

[0002] Currently, many batteries on the market are connected in parallel or in series to form a large-capacity battery (also called a battery module or battery pack).

[0003] However, existing large-capacity batteries have inherent variations among individual cells (01). Due to the "barrel effect," the performance of the battery is often affected by the worst performing cell (01), significantly limiting the overall capacity and cycle life of the battery. Therefore, improving the uniformity of individual cells (01) within large-capacity batteries has become a key and challenging area of ​​research.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the relevant technology has proposed a series of large-capacity batteries (also known as battery packs, battery modules or battery packs), as shown in Figure 1. This type of large-capacity battery includes multiple single cells 01 and at least one shared pipe assembly 02. The shared pipe assembly 02 can be used as a shared electrolyte chamber. The electrolyte in the inner cavity of each single cell 01 is connected through the electrolyte shared chamber, so that the electrolyte of all single cells 01 is in the same system, reducing the difference between the electrolytes of each single cell 01, and to a certain extent improving the consistency between each single cell 01, thereby to a certain extent improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery. The shared pipe assembly 02 can also be used as a gas chamber. The gas in the inner cavity of each single cell 01 can be connected through the gas chamber, so that the gas in the inner cavity of the entire large-capacity battery is balanced, which to a certain extent improves the cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0005] The above-mentioned large-capacity batteries will release heat during use. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the battery life will be greatly shortened, energy loss will be aggravated, and even safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire will occur. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity batteries.

[0006] Chinese patent CN116417725A discloses a large-capacity battery, which includes a heat exchange tube component 07 to achieve heat exchange between the battery pack and a temperature control device. The battery pack is cooled by transferring heat from the positive and negative poles of each prismatic battery in the battery pack to the temperature control device through the heat exchange tube component 07 for dissipation, or the high temperature of the temperature control device is transferred to the prismatic batteries in the battery pack through the heat exchange tube component 07 for heating, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery pack. As shown in Figure 2, the heat exchange tube component 07 includes a first-level heat exchange tube 061, a second-level heat exchange tube 062, and an insulated heat exchange tube assembly 063. The first portion of the first-level heat exchange tube 061 is connected to all positive or negative poles in the battery pack. The second portion of the first-level heat exchange tube 061 is insulated and heat-exchanged with the first portion of the second-level heat exchange tube 062 through the insulated heat exchange tube assembly 063. The second portion of the second-level heat exchange tube 062 is connected to the temperature control device. The first-level heat exchange tube 061 is a heat pipe, and the second-level liquid exchange tube is a liquid cooling tube. The heat exchange pipe component 07 adopts a two-stage heat exchange method, which can effectively realize the heat exchange of the battery pack. However, the heat exchange pipe component 07 has a relatively complex structure and is difficult to install.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange tube assembly and a large-capacity battery, which can overcome the technical problems of the existing large-capacity battery, such as the complex structure of the heat exchange tube components, the difficulty in installation and the large size.

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides a heat exchange tube assembly, characterized in that it includes heat exchange tubes that utilize a primary heat exchange method to exchange heat with individual cells in a large-capacity battery. Compared to the secondary heat exchange structure described in the background art, this is relatively simple.

[0010] Based on this inventive concept, the present invention provides the following seven specific solutions for heat exchange tube assemblies:

[0011] Option 1:

[0012] The heat exchange tube of this solution includes a first tube, a second tube and at least one third tube; the third tube is located between the first tube and the second tube, with both ends connected to the tube walls of the first tube and the second tube, and the inner cavity is connected to the first tube and the second tube; the inner cavities of the first tube, the second tube and the third tube are used to transmit heat transfer medium, and the heat transfer medium is insulated from the large-capacity battery; the third tube is used to be fixedly connected to the large-capacity battery; at least one port of the first tube is an inlet for the heat transfer medium, and at least one port of the second tube is an outlet for the heat transfer medium.

[0013] The heat exchange tube assembly of this solution consists of three tubes, of which the third tube is directly fixed on the large-capacity battery. The ports of the first tube and the second tube serve as the heat transfer medium inlet and heat transfer medium outlet, and are connected to the heat transfer medium source. A one-stage heat exchange method is adopted, which is simpler than the two-stage heat exchange structure described in the background technology. During installation, the heat exchange tube assembly can be fixed to the large-capacity battery as a whole, and the installation process is also relatively simple and convenient.

[0014] To further improve heat exchange efficiency, the third pipe is used to securely connect all the electrodes on the same side of the large-capacity battery. This can better dissipate heat from the large-capacity battery, ensuring that the large-capacity battery always operates within the set threshold range.

[0015] To further improve heat exchange efficiency, the first, second, and third tubes are all aluminum tubes. The connection between the first, second, and third tubes is insulated, rendering them electrically neutral and allowing the corresponding heat transfer medium to be an electrically insulating medium. When the first, second, and third tubes are all aluminum tubes, an insulating film can be applied to the inner or outer wall of the third tube. In this case, the heat transfer medium can be an electrically insulating medium or water. Using aluminum as the primary material for the heat exchange tube assembly offers high heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, while heat pipes offer high heat exchange efficiency, their limited length limits their practical applications. Therefore, these heat exchange tube assemblies are only suitable for large-capacity batteries with a small number of cells and energy storage devices with a small number of large-capacity batteries. Compared to heat pipes, aluminum tubes can be customized to their length and use insulating oil as the heat transfer medium, achieving primary heat transfer. This makes them suitable for large-capacity batteries with a large number of cells and energy storage devices with a large number of large-capacity batteries.

[0016] Furthermore, the first pipe and the second pipe are plastic pipes, and the third pipe is an aluminum pipe; the heat transfer medium is an electrically insulating heat transfer medium.

[0017] The heat exchange tubes of this solution can be made of a variety of materials. Different heat transfer media can be introduced into heat exchange tubes made of different materials, and different choices can be made according to different needs. This solution has a wide range of applications.

[0018] Option 2:

[0019] In this solution, the heat exchange tube includes a first metal tube, a second metal tube, an insulating sealing connector and an insulating sealing joint; the first metal tube is used to be clamped in the through groove of the positive pole of each single cell in the large-capacity battery, and the second metal tube is used to be clamped in the through groove of the negative pole of each single cell in the large-capacity battery; the insulating sealing connector connects the liquid inlet of the first metal tube and the liquid outlet of the second metal tube; there are two insulating sealing joints, and the liquid outlet of the first metal tube and the liquid inlet of the second metal tube are each provided with an insulating sealing joint for connecting to the external liquid exchange medium circulation pipeline.

[0020] This solution uses a first metal tube, a second metal tube, an insulating sealing connector and an insulating sealing joint to form an overall U-shaped heat exchange tube assembly. Compared with the existing technology, it saves insulating heat exchange parts, simplifies the structure of the heat exchange tube assembly, and reduces the difficulty of processing and assembling the heat exchange tube assembly itself. At the same time, the first metal tube and the second metal tube are insulated and connected through the insulating sealing connector, which not only ensures the insulation between the positive and negative poles in the large-capacity battery, but also ensures the sealing of the heat exchange medium flowing from the first metal tube to the second metal tube; the use of the insulating sealing joint not only ensures the insulation between the heat exchange tube assembly and the external fluid exchange medium circulation pipeline, but also ensures the sealing at the connection position between the heat exchange tube assembly and the external fluid exchange medium circulation pipeline.

[0021] Furthermore, when a large-capacity battery using the heat exchange tube is used to form an energy storage device, in order to save the volume of the large-capacity battery and thus improve the energy density of the energy storage device, the heat exchange tube further includes two connecting pipes;

[0022] One end of one of the connecting pipes is connected to the liquid outlet of the first metal pipe through a right-angle sealing connector, and an insulating sealing joint is installed at the other end; one end of the other connecting pipe is connected to the liquid inlet of the second metal pipe through a right-angle sealing connector, and an insulating sealing joint is installed at the other end.

[0023] By adding right-angle sealing connectors and connecting pipes between the first metal tube and the insulating sealing joint, and between the second metal tube and the insulating sealing joint, the heat exchange tube assembly is divided into a horizontal part near the top of the large-capacity battery and a vertical part near the end of the large-capacity battery. Compared with the structure of the existing heat exchange assembly, the size of the large-capacity battery along the arrangement direction of the single cells is saved. When the large-capacity battery of the heat exchange tube assembly is used to form an energy storage device, the energy density of the energy storage device will also be relatively improved.

[0024] Furthermore, to facilitate on-site installation and maintenance, the insulating sealing connector is an insulating sealing joint, and the right-angle sealing connector is a right-angle sealing joint. Using a commercially available insulating sealing joint as the insulating sealing connector and a commercially available right-angle sealing joint as the right-angle sealing connector facilitates on-site installation, maintenance, and replacement compared to other forms.

[0025] Furthermore, in order to take both cost and thermal conductivity into consideration, the first metal tube and the second metal tube are both aluminum tubes; and for convenient connection, the connecting pipe is a flexible pipe.

[0026] Option 3:

[0027] In this solution, the heat exchange tube is a split part, including a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; the first tube is used to be fixed in the heat exchange tube clamping part of the positive polarity terminal of each single cell in the large-capacity battery; the second tube is used to be fixed in the heat exchange tube clamping part of the negative polarity terminal of each single cell in the large-capacity battery; the two ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube on the same side.

[0028] This solution uses a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube to form a heat exchange tube. The heat exchange tube is in direct contact with the polarity terminals of each single cell, so that the heat of the polarity terminals of the single cell is promptly discharged, achieving balanced heat dissipation of each single cell in the large-capacity battery, improving the safety of large-capacity batteries, and the heat exchange tube is a split part, which is easy to assemble and process.

[0029] Furthermore, in order to ensure the insulation between the heat exchange tube and the large-capacity battery, the following two solutions are adopted:

[0030] Solution 1: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, and the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an oxide layer;

[0031] Solution 2: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an oxide layer, and an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the aluminum tubes with the oxide layer.

[0032] Of the two solutions mentioned above, Solution 1 has stronger thermal conductivity than Solution 2 because it only uses an oxide layer for insulation. Solution 2 has stronger insulation performance than Solution 1 because it uses an oxide layer and an insulating sleeve for insulation.

[0033] Furthermore, to ensure good insulation between the first and second tubes and enable quick and reliable connection of the connecting tube to the first and second tubes, this solution uses a flexible insulating tube, which is connected to the first and second tubes via a clamp. The use of the flexible insulating tube ensures insulation between the first and second tubes, and the clamp connection further enhances the ease of assembly of the heat exchange tube assembly.

[0034] Option 4:

[0035] This solution simultaneously sets an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve on the heat exchange tube to form a double-insulation structure. This double-insulation setting ensures that when the heat exchange tube and the single cell are exchanging heat, even if one of the insulating layer or the insulating sleeve is damaged, the heat exchange tube and the single cell can still maintain reliable insulation performance, thereby improving the safety of the single cell during use.

[0036] In this solution, an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve are provided on the side wall of the entire heat exchange tube. This arrangement not only simplifies the molding and installation of the insulating layer and the insulating sleeve, but also, when installing the heat exchange tube of this structure with the polarity terminal of the single cell, there is no need to consider the installation error between the insulating layer or insulating sleeve on the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal of the single cell, making on-site installation of the heat exchange tube more convenient.

[0037] In this solution, the insulating sleeve is a thermally conductive plastic sleeve or thermally conductive rubber sleeve with excellent insulation and thermal conductivity. The thickness of the insulating sleeve is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, ensuring excellent insulation performance while maximizing thermal conductivity between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal. Preferably, the insulating sleeve is a thermally conductive silicone sleeve with a thickness of 1 mm, which ensures excellent insulation performance while also ensuring good thermal conductivity.

[0038] In this solution, the insulating sleeve is arranged on the heat exchange tube with the insulating layer by heat shrinkage. This method can make there almost no heat conduction gap between the insulating sleeve and the heat exchange tube, so that the heat conduction effect of the insulating sleeve is better.

[0039] In this solution, the heat exchange tubes use aluminum tubes with good heat transfer performance and relatively low cost. At the same time, the wall thickness of the aluminum tubes is 0.5mm to 1mm. The heat exchange tubes with this wall thickness can maintain their installation reliability while having good thermal conductivity, avoiding the risk of bending and damage when the heat exchange tube wall thickness is thin.

[0040] In this solution, the insulating layer is a hard oxide layer with a thickness of 20um to 50um. The hard oxide layer is not easy to fall off and has relatively good insulation performance.

[0041] Option 5:

[0042] This solution's heat exchange tube assembly also includes an insulating heat-conducting device. This device exchanges heat not only with the polarity terminals via heat-conducting rods, but also with the area at the center of the polarity terminals via heat-conducting columns. This allows the polarity terminals and heat exchange tubes to exchange heat through multiple heat exchange zones, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the polarity terminals and the heat exchange tubes. Furthermore, the heat-conducting rods of this insulating heat-conducting device are insulators, which reliably insulate the polarity terminals from the heat exchange tubes, enhancing battery safety during use.

[0043] In the insulating heat-conducting device, the mounting portion is a second through groove or through hole. The structure of the second through groove facilitates the installation of the heat exchange tube, and the structure of the through hole increases the heat exchange area between the heat exchange tube and the insulating heat-conducting device.

[0044] A heat conduction column is arranged on a heat conduction rod. This structure not only facilitates the production of the insulating heat conduction device, but also facilitates the installation of the insulating heat conduction device. During on-site installation, there is no need to consider the installation errors when multiple heat conduction columns in the insulating heat conduction device and multiple single battery polarity terminals are installed.

[0045] In the insulating heat-conducting device, the cross-sections of the second through-slot and the first through-slot are C-shaped. This C-shaped second through-slot provides natural tension at the opening, facilitating the installation of the heat exchange tube and heat transfer rod. It also helps to more tightly fit the heat exchange tube and heat transfer rod within the second through-slot, resulting in better heat transfer between the heat exchange tube and heat transfer rod.

[0046] The heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column are an integrated structure. The integrated structure is easy to manufacture and install, and there is no heat conduction gap between the heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column. The heat conduction effect is relatively better than that of the split structure.

[0047] In the insulating heat-conducting device of this solution, the heat-conducting rod and the heat-conducting column are made of a heat-conducting ceramic material with excellent thermal conductivity and insulation properties.

[0048] In the insulating heat-conducting device of this scheme, the heat-conducting rod and the heat-conducting column are made of heat-conducting metal to ensure the thermal conductivity. At the same time, the surface of the insulating heat-conducting device is oxidized to form an insulating layer. The insulating layer made in this way is not easy to fall off and the insulation performance is reliable.

[0049] Option 6:

[0050] This solution's heat exchange tube assembly also includes a pressure plate, which connects to the polarity terminals of each battery cell, enabling reliable parallel connection between the individual cells. Simultaneously, the pressure plate, in conjunction with the polarity terminals, compresses the heat exchange tubes into the through-slots of the polarity terminals, ensuring close contact between the tubes and the through-slots, with virtually no thermal conduction gap between them, thus enhancing the heat exchange efficiency between the tubes and the polarity terminals.

[0051] In the pressure plate of this solution, the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the pressing part is generally between 90° and 180°. This setting allows most of the side wall of the heat exchange tube to be embedded in the polarity terminal groove, increasing the contact area between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal, and further improving the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal.

[0052] In this solution, the distance between the arc vertex of the clamping part and the polarity terminal is less than or equal to the size of the heat exchange tube protruding from the polarity terminal. After the pressure plate is connected to the polarity terminal, the clamping part can exert a downward force on the heat exchange tube, so that the heat exchange tube and the through groove of the polarity terminal are in closer contact, further improving the heat conduction effect.

[0053] In the pressure plate of this solution, the pressing part is an arc-shaped plate with uniform wall thickness, the fixing part is a flat plate, and the arc-shaped plate and the flat plate are an integrated structure. This structure is easy to manufacture and process.

[0054] In this solution, the pressure plate is provided with a through hole connected to the polarity terminal on the fixing portion, so that the pressure plate and the polarity terminal are connected by screws. The screw connection method is easier to connect than other welding, riveting or bonding methods, and the structure is simpler.

[0055] The pressure plate in this solution is made of copper foil, which not only has good conductivity but also good ductility, tightly pressing the heat exchange tube into the through-slot of the polarity terminal. Furthermore, the thickness of the pressure plate is generally 0.5mm to 1mm, ensuring strong installation while also ensuring reliable installation of the heat exchange tube.

[0056] Option 7:

[0057] In this solution, an enamel insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the metal tube of the heat exchange tube. The enamel insulation layer has excellent wear resistance and insulation performance, and is not easy to fall off or be damaged during transportation, installation and use. When the large-capacity battery is working, it can reliably achieve insulation between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the reliability of the large-capacity battery during operation.

[0058] In the heat exchange tube assembly of this solution, the thickness of the enamel insulation layer is 100um to 300um. The enamel insulation layer of this thickness can ensure excellent insulation performance while also ensuring good heat conduction performance.

[0059] In this heat exchange tube assembly, the heat exchange tubes comprise a spliced ​​structure of a first tube, a second tube, and a connecting tube. This spliced ​​structure facilitates installation. Furthermore, the connecting tubes can be insulated, further enhancing the insulation performance of the heat exchange tubes.

[0060] In the heat exchange tube assembly of this solution, the heat exchange tube adopts aluminum tube with good heat transfer effect and relatively low cost. At the same time, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is 0.5mm to 1.5mm. The heat exchange tube with this wall thickness can maintain its installation reliability while having good thermal conductivity, avoiding the risk of bending and damage when the heat exchange tube wall is thin.

[0061] This solution sets an insulating sleeve on the heat exchange tube with an enamel insulation layer to form a double insulation structure. This double insulation setting ensures that when the heat exchange tube and the single battery are exchanging heat, even if the enamel insulation layer is damaged, the insulation performance between the heat exchange tube and the single battery can still be maintained reliably, thereby improving the safety of large-capacity batteries during use.

[0062] A second aspect of the present invention provides a large-capacity battery, comprising a plurality of single cells arranged in sequence along the same direction, and also comprising the above-mentioned heat exchange tube assembly; the heat exchange tube exchanges heat with each single cell in the large-capacity battery.

[0063] Based on this inventive concept, the present invention provides the following seven specific solutions for large-capacity batteries:

[0064] Option 1:

[0065] The large-capacity battery in this solution uses the heat exchange tube assembly in the above solution 1, and includes the following different types of large-capacity batteries:

[0066] Category 1 large-capacity battery: The third tube in the heat exchange tube assembly is fixedly connected to all poles located on the same side of each single battery.

[0067] The second type of large-capacity battery also includes an outer shell and multiple pole adapters; multiple single cells are arranged in sequence in the inner cavity of the outer shell in the same direction; the top plate of the outer shell is provided with pole avoidance holes corresponding to the poles of each single cell, and the outer shell area corresponding to the pole avoidance holes is fixedly sealed to the single cell shell; the pole adapter is electrically connected to the poles of each single cell through the pole avoidance holes, and a card slot is provided on the pole adapter; the third pipe in the heat exchange tube assembly is fixed in the card slot.

[0068] The third type of large-capacity battery also includes a shell; multiple single cells are arranged in sequence in the same direction in the inner cavity of the shell; the top plate of the shell is provided with a pole avoidance hole that allows each single cell pole to extend; each single cell pole extends out of the pole avoidance hole and the shell area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed to the single cell shell; a slot is provided on the pole; and the third pipe fitting in the heat exchange tube assembly is fixed in the slot.

[0069] Option 2:

[0070] The large-capacity battery in this solution uses the heat exchange tube assembly in the above-mentioned solution 2, and includes the following different types of large-capacity batteries:

[0071] The first type of large-capacity battery: multiple single cells are connected in parallel, and the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is fluorinated liquid.

[0072] The second type of large-capacity battery: multiple single cells are connected in parallel; it also includes a shared pipe assembly, which is connected to the lower cover plate of each single cell and communicates with the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of the single cell; the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is fluorinated liquid.

[0073] The third type of large-capacity battery also includes an outer shell; multiple single cells are arranged in parallel and arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell; the inner cavity of each single cell includes an electrolyte area and a gas area; the outer shell includes a cylinder with open ends at both ends and an end plate arranged at the open end of the cylinder; a first channel is provided at the bottom of the cylinder, and the first channel is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell, which is used to place each single cell in an electrolyte system; a pole avoidance hole is provided at the top of the cylinder to enable each single cell pole to extend out; each single cell pole extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the cylinder area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the top of the single cell; the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is fluorinated liquid.

[0074] Furthermore, the third type of large-capacity battery further includes a second channel arranged on the top of the cylinder, and the second channel is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery.

[0075] Furthermore, the third type of large-capacity battery further includes a second channel arranged on the top of the cylinder, and the second channel covers the explosion venting portion on the top of each single battery.

[0076] Option 3:

[0077] The large-capacity battery in this solution uses the heat exchange tube assembly in the above-mentioned solution three, and includes the following different types of large-capacity batteries:

[0078] The first type of large-capacity battery: multiple single cells are connected in parallel; it also includes a first shared pipeline assembly; the first shared pipeline assembly is connected to the lower cover plate of each single cell and is in communication with the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of the single cell; the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is water or fluorinated liquid.

[0079] Furthermore, the second large-capacity battery further includes a second shared pipeline assembly; the second shared pipeline assembly is connected to the upper cover plate of each single battery and communicates with the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of the single battery.

[0080] The second type of large-capacity battery has multiple single cells connected in parallel; it also includes a shell; multiple single cells are arranged in the shell in the same direction; the shell is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all single cells; pole avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell; a heat exchange tube clamping part is provided at the part where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the pole avoidance hole; the heat exchange tube is fixed on the heat exchange tube clamping part of each single cell polarity terminal, and the heat exchange tube is insulated from each single cell.

[0081] Furthermore, the second large-capacity battery further includes a second channel arranged on the top of the cylinder, and the second channel is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery.

[0082] Furthermore, the second large-capacity battery further includes a second channel provided on the top of the cylinder, and the second channel covers the explosion relief portion on the top of each single battery.

[0083] Option 4:

[0084] The large-capacity battery of this solution adopts the heat exchange tube assembly in the above-mentioned solution 4, and multiple single cells are connected in parallel. The heat exchange tubes are arranged on the polarity terminals of each single cell.

[0085] Furthermore, the polarity terminal is provided with a through groove, and the through groove on the polarity terminal of each single battery forms a heat transfer groove arranged along the arrangement direction of the single battery, and the heat exchange tube assembly is embedded in the heat transfer groove.

[0086] Furthermore, at least one of the gas region and the electrolyte region of each single cell is interconnected.

[0087] Option 5:

[0088] The large-capacity battery in this solution uses the heat exchange tube assembly in the above-mentioned solution 5, and includes the following different types of large-capacity batteries:

[0089] Category 1 large-capacity battery: Multiple single cells are connected in parallel, and at least one of the gas area and electrolyte area of ​​each single cell is interconnected through a hollow component; the heat conduction rod and heat conduction column of the insulating heat-conducting device are respectively arranged in the first through groove and blind hole of the pole, and the heat exchange tube is arranged in the mounting part of each insulating heat-conducting device.

[0090] The second type of large-capacity battery also includes a shell and multiple pole adapters; multiple single cells are placed side by side in the shell, and a shared chamber is provided in the shell to enable at least one of the gas area and electrolyte area of ​​each single cell to communicate with each other, and a pole avoidance hole is opened on the top of the shell corresponding to the pole of each single cell; the pole of each single cell is connected to the pole adapter through the pole avoidance hole; the pole adapter is the polarity terminal of the single cell, and the polarity terminal is provided with a first through groove and a blind hole, the first through groove extends along the width direction of each single cell, and the blind hole extends along the height direction of the single cell and is connected with the first through groove, the heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column of the insulating heat conducting device are respectively arranged in the first through groove and the blind hole of the pole adapter, and a heat exchange tube is provided in the mounting part of each insulating heat conducting device.

[0091] Option 6:

[0092] The large-capacity battery in this solution uses the heat exchange tube assembly in the above-mentioned solution six, and includes the following different types of large-capacity batteries:

[0093] The first type of large-capacity battery also includes a shell; multiple single cells are placed side by side in the shell, and the shell is provided with a shared chamber so that at least one of the gas area and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell can be interconnected. The top of the shell is provided with a pole avoidance hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell pass through the pole avoidance hole and are connected in parallel through a pressure plate. At the same time, the heat exchange tube is arranged in the through groove of the polarity terminal of each single cell and is pressed tightly in the through groove of the polarity terminal by the pressure plate.

[0094] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube is a metal tube, an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the metal tube or an insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the metal tube, and an insulating pad is provided between the pressing plate and the heat exchange tube.

[0095] The second type of large-capacity battery also includes a hollow component; at least one of the gas area and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell is interconnected through the hollow component; the pressure plate is connected to the polarity terminals of multiple single cells to achieve parallel connection of multiple single cells, and the heat exchange tube is arranged in the through groove of the polarity terminal of each single cell and is pressed in the through groove of the polarity terminal by the pressure plate.

[0096] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube is a metal tube, an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the metal tube or an insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the metal tube, and an insulating pad is provided between the pressing plate and the heat exchange tube.

[0097] Option 7:

[0098] In this large-capacity battery solution, a heat exchange tube clamping portion is provided at the polarity terminal of each single cell. The heat exchange tube is fixed by the heat exchange tube clamping portion, so that the heat exchange tube is in direct contact with the single cell polarity terminal, and the heat from the polarity terminal, where the heat is most concentrated, is transferred to the outside for treatment. This heat dissipation method achieves balanced heat dissipation at the top of the large-capacity battery, especially the polarity terminal, avoiding performance and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperatures of the large-capacity battery.

[0099] In the large-capacity battery of this solution, the heat exchange tube clamping portion is a through groove or through hole opened on the polarity terminal of each single battery. The heat exchange tube is arranged in the through groove or through hole and directly contacts the polarity terminal of each single battery, so that the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal have a larger contact area, further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0100] In this high-capacity battery solution, a pressure plate connects to the polarity terminals of each cell, enabling reliable parallel connection between the cells. Simultaneously, the pressure plate and the polarity terminals compress the heat exchange tubes tightly within the through-slots of the polarity terminals, ensuring close contact between the tubes and the through-slots, with virtually no thermal conduction gap between them, thus enhancing the heat exchange between the tubes and the polarity terminals.

[0101] In the large-capacity battery of this solution, an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the shell. When condensation occurs on the surface of the heat exchange tube on the polarity terminal, the insulating sealant layer blocks the condensation from penetrating the gap between the polarity terminal and the pole avoidance hole, thereby preventing the battery from short-circuiting.

[0102] In the large-capacity battery of this solution, an insulating protective cover is used to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminals, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the polarity terminals being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign objects from the external environment falling into the polarity terminal position and causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0103] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0104] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0105] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchange tube assembly in Example 1;

[0106] FIG4 is another structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube assembly in Example 1;

[0107] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery with a heat exchange tube assembly in Example 1;

[0108] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchange assembly in Example 2;

[0109] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 3;

[0110] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchange tube assembly in Example 6;

[0111] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 6;

[0112] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0113] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0114] FIG12 is a cross-sectional view of FIG11;

[0115] FIG13 is a schematic diagram 1 of a heat exchange tube assembly;

[0116] FIG14 is a second schematic diagram of a heat exchange tube assembly;

[0117] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of the first and second large-capacity batteries in Examples 9 to 11;

[0118] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a third large-capacity battery in Examples 9 to 11;

[0119] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the third large-capacity battery of Examples 9 to 11 after removing one end plate and the heat exchange tube assembly;

[0120] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of a third large-capacity battery cylinder according to Embodiments 9 to 11;

[0121] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom support member provided in a third large-capacity battery cylinder according to Embodiments 9 to 11;

[0122] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom support member of Examples 9 to 11;

[0123] FIG21 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a single cell of Examples 9 to 11;

[0124] FIG22 is a second structural diagram of a single cell of Examples 9 to 11;

[0125] FIG23 is a schematic structural diagram of another electrolyte sharing chamber according to Examples 9 and 11;

[0126] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell of Examples 9 to 11;

[0127] FIG25 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell of Examples 9 to 11;

[0128] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of a large-capacity battery according to Examples 9 to 11;

[0129] FIG27 is a partial exploded view of a large-capacity battery having an insulating sealant layer laid on the top plate of the housing according to Examples 9 to 11;

[0130] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery structure in which an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the housing in accordance with Examples 9 to 11;

[0131] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery with an insulating protective cover according to Examples 9 to 11;

[0132] FIG30 is a partial exploded view of a large-capacity battery with an insulating protective cover according to Examples 9 to 11;

[0133] FIG31 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange tube assembly (with an insulating sleeve) in Example 12;

[0134] FIG32 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange tube assembly (with multiple insulating sleeves) in Example 12;

[0135] FIG33 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 13;

[0136] FIG34 is an exploded view of the large-capacity battery in Example 13;

[0137] FIG35 is a second exploded view of the large-capacity battery in Example 13;

[0138] FIG36 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 14;

[0139] FIG37 is a first structural diagram of the insulating heat conducting device in Example 15;

[0140] FIG38 is a second structural diagram of the insulating heat conducting device in Example 15;

[0141] FIG39 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 17;

[0142] FIG40 is an exploded view of a large-capacity battery in Example 17;

[0143] FIG41 is a partial exploded view of a large-capacity battery in Example 17;

[0144] FIG42 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 18;

[0145] FIG43 is a structural diagram of the pressure plate in Example 19;

[0146] FIG44 is a second structural diagram of the pressure plate in Example 19;

[0147] Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 20;

[0148] FIG46 is an exploded view of a large-capacity battery in Example 20;

[0149] FIG47 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 21;

[0150] FIG48 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the heat exchange tube assembly in Example 22;

[0151] FIG49 is a second structural diagram of the heat exchange tube assembly in Example 22;

[0152] Figure 50 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchange tube assembly in Example 23;

[0153] FIG51 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery (polarity terminals are poles) in Example 24;

[0154] FIG52 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 24 (the front cover of the housing is omitted);

[0155] FIG53 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery (polarity terminals are poles and pole adapters) in Example 24;

[0156] FIG54 is an exploded view of a large-capacity battery in Example 25;

[0157] Figure 55 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure plate in Example 25;

[0158] FIG56 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery (with an insulating sealant layer) in Example 26;

[0159] Figure 57 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery (with an insulating protective cover) in Example 26.

[0160] The accompanying drawings are denoted as follows:

[0161] 01. Single cell; 02. Shared piping assembly; 03. Housing; 04. Shared electrolyte chamber; 05. Gas chamber; 07. Heat exchange tube component; 061. Primary heat exchange tube; 062. Secondary heat exchange tube; 063. Insulated heat exchange tube assembly; 06. Heat exchange tube;

[0162] 1. First pipe fitting; 2. Second pipe fitting; 3. Third pipe fitting; 4. First connecting pipe; 5. Second connecting pipe; 6. Third connecting pipe; 7. Large-capacity battery body; 8. Terminal adapter; 9. Card slot;

[0163] 21. First metal tube; 22. Second metal tube; 23. Insulating sealing connector; 24. Insulating sealing joint; 26. Right-angle sealing connector; 27. Connecting pipe; 211. Cylinder; 212. End plate; 213. First channel; 214. Pole avoidance hole; 215. Second channel;

[0164] 36. Heat exchange tube assembly; 55. Hollow member; 312. Insulation layer; 313. Insulation sleeve; 321. Pole;

[0165] 413. Housing top plate; 414. Housing bottom plate; 45. Polarity terminal; 452. Second end face; 453. Side wall; 47. Heat exchange tube clamping portion; 481. First tube; 482. Second tube; 483. Connecting tube; 484. Quick connector; 485. Clamp; 49. Bottom support member; 491. First support rib; 4911. Notch; 492. Second support rib; 410. Sealing assembly; 415. Insulation protection Cover; 4151, insulating frame; 4152, insulating cover; 4153, slit; 416, lower cover of single cell; 4161, first through hole; 417, upper cover of single cell; 4171, second through hole; 418, baffle; 419, channel; 420, insulating sealant layer; 421, first electrical connector; 422, second electrical connector; 423, first shared pipeline assembly; 424, second shared pipeline assembly;

[0166] 51, insulating heat conducting device; 511, heat conducting rod; 512, heat conducting column; 5111, second through groove; 523, first through groove; 524, blind hole;

[0167] 61, pressing plate; 66, insulating pad; 611, pressing portion; 612, fixing portion; 6111, arc surface; 6121, through hole; 6213, through groove; 632, shared chamber;

[0168] 71 - large-capacity battery, 74 - electrical connector, 722 - enamel insulation layer, 733 - connection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0169] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0170] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0171] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," and so on, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and so on, are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0172] Examples 1 to 5 provide a heat exchange tube assembly, a heat exchange assembly, a large-capacity battery, and an energy storage device. Part of the structure of the heat exchange tube assembly is fixed on the large-capacity battery and is used to exchange heat for the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation of the large-capacity battery or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by passing a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange tube assembly; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by passing a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange tube assembly; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at a normal operating temperature. The heat exchange assembly includes multiple heat exchange tube assemblies for heat exchange of energy storage equipment.

[0173] The above-mentioned large-capacity battery can have the following structures:

[0174] 1. As shown in FIG1 or FIG2 , it includes a plurality of single cells 01 and a shared pipe assembly 02 fixed on the cover of each single cell 01 , and the shared pipe assembly 02 is connected to the inner cavity of each single cell 01 ; such as the large-capacity battery disclosed in Chinese patent CN218525645U.

[0175] 2. As shown in Figure 12, the device includes a housing 03 and multiple single cells 01 arranged within the housing 03. The single cells 01 described herein may be prismatic batteries. A shared electrolyte chamber 04 is provided at the bottom of the housing 03, communicating with the electrolyte areas within each of the single cells 01.

[0176] A gas chamber 05 may also be provided on the top plate of the housing 03, and the gas chamber 05 covers the gas port on the top of each single cell 01 in the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that the gas port here includes the following two meanings:

[0177] 1) The gas port is a terminal avoidance hole directly opened on the upper cover of the single cell 01 and penetrating the inner cavity of the single cell 01;

[0178] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas chamber 05 is connected with the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 01 through the gas port. The gas chamber 05 serves as a gas sharing chamber for each single cell 01. Based on the gas chamber 05, the gas areas of each single cell 01 can be connected to achieve gas balance, so that the gas of each single cell 01 is shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell 01, which improves the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent; when any single cell 01 has thermal runaway, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single cell 01 enters the gas chamber 05 and is discharged through the gas chamber 05, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0179] 2) The gas vent is an explosion vent or explosion-proof vent provided on the upper cover of the single cell 01, and an explosion vent membrane is provided at the explosion vent or explosion-proof vent;

[0180] At this time, the gas chamber 05 is used as an explosion venting channel. When the explosion venting membrane at the gas port of any single battery 01 is broken by the internal smoke, the smoke in the internal cavity of the single battery 01 is discharged through the gas chamber 05, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0181] The following further describes Examples 1 to 5 with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0182] Example 1

[0183] This embodiment is a heat exchange tube assembly, including a heat exchange tube 06, whose structure is shown in Figure 3. It is an I-shaped tube section, whose inner cavity is a heat transfer medium transmission cavity. The heat transfer medium described here can be water or other electrically insulating heat transfer media, such as insulating oil heat transfer media or fluorinated liquid. When the heat exchange tube assembly is fixed to a large-capacity battery, it is ultimately necessary to insulate the heat transfer medium from the large-capacity battery.

[0184] For the sake of convenience of description, the three parts of the I-shaped pipe section can be defined as the first pipe fitting 1, the second pipe fitting 2 and the third pipe fitting 3 respectively; the third pipe fitting 3 is located between the first pipe fitting 1 and the second pipe fitting 2, with both ends connected to the pipe walls of the first pipe fitting 1 and the second pipe fitting 2, and the inner cavity is connected to the first pipe fitting 1 and the second pipe fitting 2.

[0185] As can be seen from the figure, in this embodiment, the first pipe fitting 1 and the second pipe fitting 2 are parallel to each other. The walls of the first pipe fitting 1 and the second pipe fitting 2 are provided with a first connecting pipe 4 perpendicular to their central axis. The ends of the third pipe fitting 3 are connected to the first connecting pipes 4 of the first pipe fitting 1 and the second pipe fitting 2 respectively. The connection can be made by welding, plugging (interference fit), threading or hot melt, etc. After the connection, it is necessary to ensure the sealing of the connection parts. Different connection methods correspond to different materials and structures. For example, when welding and plugging are used for connection, the third pipe fitting 3 and the first connecting pipe 4 are generally made of metal parts; when threading is used for connection, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the connection part between the third pipe fitting 3 and the first connecting pipe 4, and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the first connecting pipe 4 to match the external thread. At the same time, a sealing gasket can be added at the connection part. There is no special requirement for the material of the third pipe fitting 3 and the first connecting pipe 4; when hot melt is used for connection, the third pipe fitting 3 and the first connecting pipe 4 are generally made of plastic parts. Alternatively, injection molding can be used, where the third pipe 3 is a metal piece, such as an aluminum tube, and the first and second pipes 1 and 2 are plastic tubes. The first and second pipes 1 and 2 are injection molded at both ends of the third pipe. Heat exchange tube assemblies processed using this method have better sealing properties.

[0186] The third tube 3 is used to be fixed to the large-capacity battery and to exchange heat with the large-capacity battery. For example, a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature flowing in its inner cavity can be used to transfer the heat generated by the large-capacity battery to the heat transfer medium, and then the heat is taken away by the flow of the heat transfer medium. Alternatively, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature flowing in its inner cavity can be used to transfer the heat to the large-capacity battery.

[0187] To improve heat exchange efficiency, multiple third tubes 3 can be included and fixed to the sidewall, top, or bottom of the large-capacity battery. Because the temperature of lithium-ion batteries is primarily concentrated on the poles, this embodiment preferably fixes them there. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, this embodiment includes two third tubes 3, each connected to a pole located on the same side of the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that when two third tubes 3 are provided and connected to the positive and negative poles, respectively, both third tubes 3 must be insulated. For example, the two third tubes 3 can be made of metal (for example, silver, copper, aluminum, etc., but aluminum is generally chosen for cost and electrical and thermal conductivity considerations), while the first and second tubes 1 and 2 can be plastic. Alternatively, the first, second, and third tubes 1, 2, and 3 can all be metal, with insulation being applied to the connections between the third tube 3 and the first and second tubes 1 and 2.

[0188] At least one port in the first pipe fitting 1 and the second pipe fitting 2 is used to connect to a heat transfer medium source. For example, one end of the first pipe fitting 1 serves as the heat transfer medium inlet, connected to the outlet of the heat transfer medium source, and the other end is blocked; one end of the second pipe fitting 2 serves as the heat transfer medium outlet, connected to the inlet of the heat transfer medium source, and the other end is blocked. Another example: both ends of the first pipe fitting 1 are connected to the outlet of the heat transfer medium source; and both ends of the second pipe fitting 2 are connected to the inlet of the heat transfer medium source. However, compared to the second connection method, the first connection method allows the heat transfer medium to flow better in the heat exchange tube assembly, achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0189] In order to ensure that the heat transfer medium is non-conductive, the materials of the first pipe 1, the second pipe 2, and the third pipe 3 can be selected according to the following method:

[0190] 1. The first pipe 1, the second pipe 2, and the third pipe 3 are all aluminum pipes. The connection between the third pipe 3 and the first and second pipes 1 and 2 is insulated. This can be achieved by, for example, using a plastic pipe for the first connecting pipe 4 or wrapping a plastic film around the connection between the third pipe 3 and the first connecting pipe 4. The corresponding heat transfer medium can be an electrically insulating heat transfer medium.

[0191] 2. The first tube 1, second tube 2, and third tube 3 are all aluminum tubes. The inner or outer wall of the third tube 3 is coated with an insulating film. For example, an aluminum oxide layer is formed on the inner and outer walls of the aluminum tubes through anodizing. The corresponding heat transfer medium can be water or an electrically insulating heat transfer medium. Compared to the first method, water can be used as the heat transfer medium, but it requires the use of special aluminum tubes, which is more expensive.

[0192] 3. The first and second pipes 1 and 2 are plastic pipes, and the third pipe 3 is an aluminum pipe. The heat transfer medium is an electrically insulating heat transfer medium. This provides excellent heat transfer performance while ensuring that the heat exchange tube assembly is non-electrical, safe and reliable.

[0193] 4. The third pipe fitting 3 is a non-conductive, non-metallic tube, such as a plastic tube made of PP or PE. The first and second pipe fittings 1 and 2 are metal tubes, such as aluminum or copper. The corresponding heat transfer medium can be water or an electrically insulating heat transfer medium. Plastic tubes have lower heat transfer efficiency than metal tubes. However, this solution offers higher heat transfer efficiency than a solution where all the first, second, and third pipe fittings 1, 2, and 3 are plastic tubes.

[0194] When installing the heat exchange tube assembly in a large-capacity battery, the heat exchange tube assembly can be directly connected into a whole, and then the third pipe 3 can be fixed to the large-capacity battery pole or pole connector. The operation is simple and the installation is convenient, as shown in Figure 7.

[0195] Example 2

[0196] This embodiment is a heat exchange assembly, including at least two heat exchange tubes 06 in Example 1, which are used for heat exchange of energy storage equipment, wherein the energy storage equipment includes multiple large-capacity batteries. In order to ensure that all large-capacity batteries in the energy storage equipment can achieve heat exchange, the number of heat exchange tube assemblies in the heat exchange assembly of this embodiment is consistent with the number of large-capacity batteries in the energy storage equipment, and corresponds one to one. The first pipe fittings 1 in two adjacent heat exchange tube assemblies are interconnected by a second connecting pipe 5 and the inner cavities are interconnected, and the second pipe fittings 2 in two adjacent heat exchange tube assemblies are interconnected by a third connecting pipe 6 and the inner cavities are interconnected. In order to adapt to the distance between adjacent large-capacity batteries, the second connecting pipe 5 and the third connecting pipe 6 are preferably hoses, such as bellows.

[0197] Example 3

[0198] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery, and its structure is shown in FIG5 , which includes a large-capacity battery body 7 and a heat exchange tube assembly in the first embodiment.

[0199] The large-capacity battery body 7 comprises a housing 03, within which multiple single cells 01 are arranged in sequence. The single cells 01 described here are prismatic batteries. The top plate of the housing 03 is provided with pole-relief holes corresponding to the poles of each single cell 01. The areas of the housing 03 corresponding to the pole-relief holes are securely sealed to the housings of the single cells 01. Pole adapters 8 are installed between the pole-relief holes and the corresponding areas of the poles. The pole adapters are electrically connected to the poles of each single cell 01 through the pole-relief holes. The pole adapters 8 are provided with a fixing portion for the third tube 3.

[0200] As shown in FIG7 , this embodiment provides a slot 9 extending along the x-direction on the pole adapter 8 as a fixing portion for the third tube 3. The opening size of the slot 9 needs to ensure that the third tube 3 can be inserted and that the third tube 3 has a large contact area with the inner wall of the slot 9, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, using the slot 9 as the fixing portion for the third tube 3 makes the heat exchange tube assembly easier to install. The heat exchange tube assembly can be directly treated as a whole and the third tube 3 can be inserted into the slot 9. As can be seen from the figure, after the third tube 3 is inserted into the slot 9, the first tube 1 and the second tube 2 are located at both ends of the shell 03.

[0201] Connect one end of the first pipe 1 to the outlet of the heat transfer medium source and seal the other end; connect one end of the second pipe 2 to the inlet of the heat transfer medium source and seal the other end; when heat exchange is required, turn on the heat transfer medium source, and the heat transfer medium first flows from the heat transfer medium source through the first pipe, the two third pipes, and then out of the second pipe, and enters the heat transfer medium source. This cycle is repeated multiple times to achieve cooling or heating of large-capacity batteries.

[0202] Example 4

[0203] Unlike Example 3, the terminals of each single cell 01 of the high-capacity battery in this embodiment extend through the terminal avoidance holes in the top plate of the housing 03. The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 3. If conditions permit, such as when the terminal end faces of each single cell 01 are in the same plane, a slot 9 can be directly formed in each single cell 01 terminal to secure the third tube 3.

[0204] Example 5

[0205] This embodiment is an energy storage device comprising multiple large-capacity batteries as described in Example 3 or Example 4. The first tubes 1 of two heat exchange tube assemblies on adjacent large-capacity batteries are interconnected via a second connecting tube, with their inner cavities interpenetrating. The second tubes 2 of the two heat exchange tube assemblies are interconnected via a third connecting tube, with their inner cavities interpenetrating. When installing the heat exchange assembly in the energy storage device, multiple heat exchange tube assemblies can be simply connected into a single heat exchange assembly, and then the third tubes 3 of each heat exchange tube assembly can be secured to the respective large-capacity battery poles or pole connectors. This allows for simple operation and convenient installation.

[0206] One end of the first tube 1 on the outermost large-capacity battery is connected to the outlet of the heat transfer medium source, and the other end is blocked; one end of the second tube 2 is connected to the inlet of the heat transfer medium source, and the other end is blocked; when heat exchange is required, the heat transfer medium source is turned on, and the heat transfer medium first flows from the heat transfer medium source through multiple first tubes, multiple third tubes, and then flows out of the second tube of the outermost large-capacity battery and enters the heat transfer medium source. This cycle is repeated multiple times to achieve cooling or heating of the large-capacity battery.

[0207] Embodiments 6 to 8 provide a heat exchange tube assembly and a large-capacity battery using the same. The heat exchange tube assembly includes a heat exchange tube, which is clamped to the poles of each single cell on the large-capacity battery to exchange heat with the large-capacity battery. Heat exchange here can be understood as cooling or heating the large-capacity battery. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than a set threshold, the heat exchange medium flowing into the heat exchange tube assembly is cooled by an external temperature control device to cool the large-capacity battery. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the heat exchange medium flowing into the heat exchange tube assembly is heated by the external temperature control device to heat the large-capacity battery.

[0208] Example 6

[0209] In order to balance heat exchange performance and insulation and sealing performance while simplifying the structure of the heat exchange tube as much as possible, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the heat exchange tube assembly in this embodiment includes a first metal tube 21, a second metal tube 22, an insulating and sealing connector 23, and an insulating and sealing joint 24, which is applied to a large-capacity battery composed of multiple single cells 01 connected in parallel; in this embodiment, the single cell 01 is similar to a commercially available aluminum square lithium-ion battery, and its positive and negative poles are both provided with through grooves.

[0210] The first metal tube 21 is used to be clamped in the through groove of the positive electrode column of each single cell 01 in the large-capacity battery, and the second metal tube 22 is used to be clamped in the through groove of the negative electrode column of each single cell 01 in the large-capacity battery; the insulating sealing connector 23 connects the liquid inlet of the first metal tube 21 and the liquid outlet of the second metal tube 22;

[0211] There are two insulating sealing joints 24 . The liquid outlet of the first metal tube 21 and the liquid inlet of the second metal tube 22 are each provided with an insulating sealing joint 24 for communicating with an external liquid exchange medium circulation pipeline.

[0212] During use, the liquid exchange medium enters from the insulating sealing joint 24 located at the liquid inlet of the first metal tube 21, flows through the first metal tube 21, the insulating sealing connector 23, and the second metal tube 22 in sequence, and then flows out from the insulating sealing joint located at the liquid outlet of the second metal tube 22, thereby realizing heat exchange with the poles of each single battery 01.

[0213] Among them, the material, structure and size of the first metal tube 21 and the second metal tube 22 are consistent, and steel tubes, copper tubes and aluminum tubes can be selected; considering the thermal conductivity, flexibility, corrosion resistance and use cost, aluminum tubes are preferably used as the first metal tube 21 and the second metal tube 22.

[0214] In this embodiment, the insulating sealing connector 23 is an insulating sealing joint, which is a commercially available part with low cost of use. It can be connected to the first metal tube 21 and the second metal tube 22 by simple plugging, which is convenient for installation and replacement. However, the sealing and insulation performance may decline over time and needs to be checked regularly during use.

[0215] In some other embodiments, the insulating sealing connector 23 can also be made of a plastic pipe, which is formed into a whole with the first metal tube and the second metal tube through one-piece molding. This not only has good insulating and sealing performance, but also reduces subsequent assembly processes. However, if the lengths of the first metal tube 21 and the second metal tube 22 are long, this method is limited by processing equipment and processing methods, resulting in relatively high production costs.

[0216] When using the heat exchange tube assembly, in addition to considering the insulation of the heat exchange tube assembly itself, the insulation of the heat exchange medium also needs to be considered. Generally, among non-metallic liquids, water has the highest thermal conductivity. However, if water is used as the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube assembly, an insulating layer needs to be coated on the inner tube walls of the first metal tube and the second metal tube to achieve insulation between the water and the first metal tube and the second metal tube. This process is relatively complicated and costly to implement, and once water leaks from the heat exchange tube assembly, it will pose a great safety hazard.

[0217] In order to solve the problems existing in using water as a heat exchange medium, in some embodiments, insulating heat-conducting oil can be used as a heat exchange medium. However, the thermal conductivity of insulating heat-conducting oil is poor and the price is high.

[0218] Therefore, in this embodiment, the heat exchange medium can be selected from fluorinated liquid with good insulation performance and better thermal conductivity than insulating thermal oil (the thermal conductivity of insulating thermal oil is 0.1 to 0.15 W / (m·K)); the thermal conductivity of fluorinated liquid is 0.15 to 0.4 W / (m·K)).

[0219] When multiple large-capacity batteries using the heat exchange tube assembly form an energy storage device, on the basis of the heat exchange tube assembly of this embodiment, a right-angle sealing connector 26 and a connecting pipe 27 can be additionally provided between the first metal tube 21 and the insulating sealing joint 24, and between the second metal tube 22 and the insulating sealing joint 24. Compared with the structure of the existing heat exchange assembly consisting of heat pipes, liquid cooling tubes, and insulating heat exchange components, the size of the large-capacity batteries along the arrangement direction of the single cells can be saved, and the energy density of the energy storage device can be relatively improved.

[0220] In this embodiment, the right-angle sealing connector 26 is a right-angle sealing joint, which is a commercially available part with low cost of use. It can be connected to the first metal tube and the connecting pipe by simple plug-in, which is convenient for installation and replacement. However, the sealing and insulation performance may decline over time and needs to be checked regularly during use.

[0221] In some other embodiments, the right-angle sealing connector 26 can also be made of a plastic pipe, which is formed into a whole with the first metal tube and the second metal tube through one-piece molding. This not only has good insulation and sealing performance, but also reduces subsequent assembly processes. However, this method is limited by processing equipment and processing methods, making the production cost relatively high.

[0222] In this embodiment, the connecting pipe 27 is a flexible pipe, preferably a nylon pipe. In addition to providing insulation, the flexible pipe also facilitates the connection of the heat exchange pipe assembly with the external fluid exchange medium circulation pipeline. In some other embodiments, when the connecting pipe is made of a conductive material, the right-angle sealing joint also needs to have insulation capabilities.

[0223] Example 7

[0224] As shown in FIG10 , the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a plurality of parallel-connected single cells 01 , a shared pipe assembly 02 , and the aforementioned heat exchange tube 06 ; wherein the shared pipe assembly 02 includes a sub-tube provided on the lower cover plate of each single cell and a connecting pipe connecting adjacent sub-tubes; the sub-tubes are connected to the electrolyte region of the inner cavity of the single cell; the specific structure of the shared pipe assembly is detailed in the large-capacity battery disclosed in Chinese patent CN218525645U .

[0225] Of course, the shared tube assembly 8 can also be a hollow component welded to the lower cover of each single cell and connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell. The specific structure of the shared tube assembly is detailed in the large-capacity battery disclosed in Chinese patent CN116111201A.

[0226] Example 8

[0227] The large-capacity battery of this embodiment, as shown in FIG11 and FIG12 , includes a housing 03 , a plurality of parallel-connected single cells 01 , and a heat exchange tube 06 as provided in Example 6;

[0228] Multiple single cells 01 are arranged in parallel and arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 03; the inner cavity of each single cell 01 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area; the single cell 01 of this embodiment is similar to a commercially available aluminum square lithium-ion battery, including an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a housing, a cell assembly, and an electrolyte; the cell assembly described herein can be referred to as an electrode assembly, which is composed of a positive electrode, a diaphragm, and a negative electrode arranged in sequence and assembled using a lamination or winding process. A through slot is provided on the pole of the single cell, or a pole adapter is welded to the pole of the single cell, and a through slot is provided on the pole adapter; a sealing mechanism is provided on the lower cover of the single cell, and the sealing mechanism can be opened under the action of electrolyte or external force;

[0229] The housing 03 includes a cylinder 211 with open ends at both ends and an end plate 212 provided at the open ends of the cylinder;

[0230] A first channel 213 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 211. The first channel 213 is connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell 01 through the through hole of the lower cover plate of each single cell 01, so as to place each single cell in the same electrolyte system. Therefore, the uniformity of each single cell in the large-capacity battery is better, and the performance of the large-capacity battery can also be improved.

[0231] A pole avoidance hole 214 is formed on the top of the cylinder 211 to allow the poles of each single battery 01 to extend out; each single battery pole extends out of the pole avoidance hole 214 , and the area of ​​the cylinder 211 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 214 is fixedly sealed to the top of the single battery 01 .

[0232] In this embodiment, the pole of the single cell fails to extend out of the top of the cylinder, so a pole adapter needs to be provided on the pole of each single cell, and a through groove is provided on the pole adapter. The first metal tube and the second metal tube in the heat exchange tube assembly are clamped on the through groove of the pole adapter.

[0233] In some other embodiments, the pole of the single cell can extend out of the top of the cylinder, so there is no need for a pole adapter, and the first metal tube and the second metal tube in the heat exchange tube assembly are clamped on the through groove of the pole.

[0234] In this embodiment, a second channel 215 is further provided on the top of the cylinder 211. The second channel 215 has two functions:

[0235] The first is that when there is a sealing mechanism on the upper cover of the single cell (the sealing mechanism can be opened under the action of electrolyte or external force), the sealing mechanism needs to be opened before the large-capacity battery is operated for the first time. After the sealing mechanism is opened, the second channel can connect the gas areas of each single cell to achieve the purpose of gas balance, so that the gas in the gas area of ​​each single cell can be kept consistent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent; in some extreme circumstances, when any single cell has thermal runaway, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single cell enters the second channel and is discharged through the second channel, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0236] The second type is that when the upper cover plate of the single cell is provided with an explosion venting part (the explosion venting part is usually an explosion venting film), the second channel covers the explosion venting part of each single cell. When the large-capacity battery operates normally, the second channel and the gas area in the inner cavity of each single cell are isolated by the explosion venting part. When any single cell has thermal runaway, the explosion venting part is opened by the smoke in the inner cavity, and the smoke in the inner cavity of the single cell is discharged through the second channel, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0237] The first aspect of Examples 9 to 11 provides a heat exchange tube assembly for heat exchange with each single cell in a large-capacity battery. The heat exchange tube assembly includes a heat exchange tube 06. The heat exchange tube 06 is U-shaped as a whole and is a split part, as shown in Figure 13, including a first tube 481, a second tube 482 and a connecting tube 483; the first tube 481 is used to be fixed in the heat exchange tube clamping part of the positive polarity terminal of each single cell; the second tube 482 is used to be fixed in the heat exchange tube clamping part 47 of the negative polarity terminal of each single cell 01; the two ends of the connecting tube 483 are respectively connected to the ports on the same side of the first tube 481 and the second tube 482.

[0238] When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature is introduced into the heat exchange tube assembly to cool the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the heat exchange tube assembly to heat the large-capacity battery; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at normal operating temperature.

[0239] In Examples 9 to 11, the heat exchange tube assembly is a split structure, which is easier to process than an integrally formed heat exchange tube assembly. In addition, since the heat exchange tube assembly needs to be connected to the positive and negative terminals of the single battery, the use of a split heat exchange tube assembly is easier to ensure the insulation performance of the heat exchange tube assembly than an integral heat exchange tube assembly.

[0240] Specifically, the heat exchange tube assembly can be made in the following ways:

[0241] The first type, see Figure 13, the first tube 481 and the second tube 482 in the heat exchange tube 06 are both flexible insulating tubes, the connecting tube 483 can be a metal tube or a flexible tube, and is connected by a quick-plug connector 484; the heat transfer medium in this heat exchange tube assembly is water or fluorinated liquid.

[0242] The second type, see Figure 13, the first tube 481 and the second tube 482 in the heat exchange tube 06 are both aluminum tubes, the connecting tube can be a metal tube or a flexible tube, and the first tube 481, the second tube 482 and the connecting tube 483 are connected by an insulated quick-plug connector 484; the heat transfer medium in this heat exchange tube assembly is fluorinated liquid.

[0243] The third type, see Figure 13, the first tube 481 and the second tube 482 in the heat exchange tube 06 are aluminum tubes, the tube wall of the aluminum tube is provided with an insulation layer, the connecting tube 483 is a flexible insulating tube, and the flexible insulating tube is connected to the first tube 481 and the second tube 482 by means of a quick plug connector 484; the heat transfer medium in this heat exchange tube assembly is water or fluorinated liquid.

[0244] The fourth type, referring to FIG14 , is a heat exchange tube assembly in which the first tube 481 and the second tube 482 are aluminum tubes with insulating layers on their walls. The connecting tube is a flexible insulating tube connected to the first and second tubes via a clamp 485 . The heat transfer medium in this heat exchange tube assembly is water or fluorinated liquid.

[0245] The fifth type, referring to Figure 14 , comprises heat exchange tubes 06. First tube 481 and second tube 482 are aluminum tubes with an oxide layer on the tube wall and an insulating sleeve overlying the aluminum tube. Connecting tube 483 is a flexible insulating tube connected to first tube 481 and second tube 482 via a clamp 485. The heat transfer medium in this heat exchange tube assembly is water or a fluorinated liquid.

[0246] It should be noted that to ensure effective heat conduction, the thinner the aluminum tube wall, the better. However, if the aluminum tube wall is too thin, it will be relatively soft and easily bend and break during installation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the aluminum tube wall thickness is preferably 0.5mm to 1mm. This thickness provides good heat conduction performance while maintaining reliable installation, avoiding the risk of bending and damage associated with thinner aluminum tube walls. In actual use, the diameter of the aluminum tube is generally around 10mm to 20mm.

[0247] In the heat exchange tube 06 of this embodiment, the insulation layer is formed on the tube wall of the aluminum tube and forms an integral structure with the aluminum tube. This can be achieved in the following ways:

[0248] First, a ceramic coating, i.e., a high-temperature electrical insulation coating, is formed on the wall of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer. The ceramic coating can specifically be boron nitride, aluminum oxide, or copper fluoride coating. However, the insulating layer formed in this way is easy to fall off and the processing cost is high.

[0249] Second, a layer of insulating material (such as insulating paint) is applied to the wall surface of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer. This method is easy to process and implement, and has a low processing cost.

[0250] Third, the aluminum tube is oxidized to form an insulating layer. Oxidation improves the insulation properties of the metal surface by chemically reacting with oxygen to form an oxide film. Examples include electrochemical oxidation. Specifically, the aluminum tube is oxidized to form a hard oxide layer. This insulating layer is resistant to detachment and exhibits relatively good insulation properties.

[0251] The thicker the hard oxide layer formed by oxidation treatment, the better the insulation performance, but its thermal conductivity will be reduced. In this embodiment, the thickness of the hard oxide layer is preferably 20μm to 50μm. This thickness of the hard oxide layer ensures insulation performance while also providing the aluminum tube wall with good thermal conductivity.

[0252] The insulating sleeve can be made of an insulating material with good thermal conductivity, ensuring both excellent thermal conductivity and good insulation. In this embodiment, the insulating sleeve is made of a thermally conductive plastic or rubber sleeve, such as a thermally conductive silicone sleeve, with excellent insulation and thermal conductivity. The thickness of the insulating sleeve is preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, which ensures both excellent insulation and good thermal conductivity. The insulating sleeve can have a circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped cross-section, as long as it can fit over the insulating aluminum tube and insulate the contact between the aluminum tube and the polarity terminals 45 of the battery cells 01. The insulating sleeve's cross-section is preferably the same as that of the aluminum tube, allowing it to fit tightly against the tube and improve its thermal conductivity.

[0253] In some other embodiments, an oxide layer or an insulating sleeve may be directly provided on the wall of the aluminum tube, and the structure is relatively simple.

[0254] In the second aspect, embodiments 9 to 11 provide a large-capacity battery. The large-capacity battery has three specific forms:

[0255] In the first form, referring to FIG15 , the large-capacity battery includes a plurality of single cells 01 arranged in parallel, a first shared pipe assembly 423, and the aforementioned heat exchange tube 06; a first tube 481 of the heat exchange tube 06 is fixed within the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47 of the positive polarity terminal of each single cell 01; and a second tube 482 is fixed within the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47 of the negative polarity terminal of each single cell 01.

[0256] The first shared pipe assembly 423 is connected to the lower cover of each single cell 01 and communicates with the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of the single cell;

[0257] In the second form, referring to FIG15 , the large-capacity battery includes a plurality of single cells 01 arranged in parallel, a first shared pipe assembly 423, a second shared pipe assembly 424, and the aforementioned heat exchange tube 06; a first tube 481 of the heat exchange tube assembly is fixed within the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47 of the positive polarity terminal of each single cell 01; and a second tube 482 is fixed within the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47 of the negative polarity terminal of each single cell 01.

[0258] The first shared pipeline assembly 423 is connected to the lower cover of each single cell 01 and communicates with the electrolyte area of ​​the single cell cavity; the second shared pipeline assembly 424 is connected to the upper cover of each single cell 01 and communicates with the gas area of ​​the single cell cavity.

[0259] The third form, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, is a large-capacity battery comprising a housing 03, a plurality of single cells 01, and a heat exchange tube 06; the multiple single cells 01 are arranged in the same direction within the housing 03; the housing 03 is provided with a shared cavity, the inner cavity of the shared cavity being connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells 01;

[0260] The top plate 413 of the housing is provided with a pole avoidance hole 214 corresponding to the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01; the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 214, and the area of ​​the top plate 413 of the housing corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 214 is fixedly sealed to the housing of the single battery 01;

[0261] A heat exchange tube clamping portion 47 is provided at the location where the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 214;

[0262] The heat exchange tube 06 is fixed to the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47 of the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 , and the heat exchange tube 06 is insulated from each single battery 01 .

[0263] It should be noted that:

[0264] The above-mentioned shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber 04 (as shown in Figure 17). The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 04 is connected to the inner electrolyte area of ​​all single cells 01. Through the electrolyte shared chamber 04, each single cell 01 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 01; and improving the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries.

[0265] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas chamber 05 (as shown in Figure 17). The inner cavity of the gas chamber 05 is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of all single cells 01. The gas balance of each single cell 01 is achieved through the gas chamber 05, which can also improve the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries.

[0266] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​the inner cavity of all single cells 01. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each single cell 01 can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries.

[0267] In this form, multiple single cells are placed inside a shell with a shared chamber, and the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of each single cell located in the shell, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of each single cell are shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell. That is, the electrolyte and / or gas of each single cell are connected so that the electrolyte and / or gas of all single cells are in the same system, which reduces the differences between each single cell and improves the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0268] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas chamber 05 (as shown in Figure 17). The gas chamber 05 has an explosion vent covering the top of each single cell. When any single cell has thermal runaway, the gas chamber can release the thermal runaway smoke to the outside so that it can be processed by an external thermal runaway smoke treatment device.

[0269] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 45 of the single cell 01 described here can be the pole of the single cell 01. In order to avoid the pole of the single cell 01 from being unable to smoothly extend out of the pole avoidance hole 214 as the polarity terminal 45, a pole adapter can also be connected to the pole of the single cell 01, and the overall structure of the single cell 01 pole and the pole adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 45 of the single cell 01.

[0270] At the same time, a heat exchange tube assembly is fixed at the position where the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the pole avoidance hole. The heat exchange tube assembly is in direct contact with the polarity terminal of each single battery, and the heat is promptly discharged. This heat dissipation method realizes balanced heat dissipation of each single battery in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of large-capacity batteries.

[0271] The third type of large-capacity battery is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0272] Example 9

[0273] As can be seen from FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 , the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a housing 03 and single cells 01 arranged in the housing 03 .

[0274] The single battery cells 01 in this embodiment are square-shell batteries, and the number is 13. In other embodiments, the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single battery cell 01 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0275] For ease of description, the length direction of the shell 03 is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the shell 03 is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the shell 03 is defined as the z direction. The shell 03 is disassembled into a cylinder 211 with open ends and an end plate 212 covering the open end of the cylinder 211.

[0276] An electrolyte sharing chamber 04 is provided on the bottom plate 414 of the outer shell (bottom plate of the cylinder) along the x direction. The inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 is connected to the inner electrolyte area of ​​each single battery 01 .

[0277] A gas chamber 05 is provided on the housing top plate 413 (cylinder top plate) along the x direction. The inner cavity of the gas chamber 05 is connected to the inner gas area of ​​each single battery 01 .

[0278] In some other embodiments, only an electrolyte shared chamber 04 or a gas chamber 05 may be provided, or a gas-liquid shared chamber may be provided on the side wall of the shell 03 along the x direction, and the inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery 01.

[0279] In this embodiment, the electrolyte shared chamber 04 is a liquid channel provided on the bottom plate 414 of the housing. The specific structure can be seen in Figures 18, 19 and 20:

[0280] FIG18 is a partial structural diagram of the large-capacity battery housing 03 of this embodiment, i.e., a structural diagram of the cylinder 211; FIG19 is a structural diagram of the cylinder 211 of FIG15 with a bottom support member 49 added thereto to form the electrolyte shared chamber 04; FIG20 is a structural diagram of the bottom support member 49 of this embodiment;

[0281] As can be seen from FIG. 18 , the left and right ends of the cylinder 211 of this embodiment are open, and the cylinder 211 can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process.

[0282] In FIG19 , a bottom support member 49 is fixed in the cylinder 211 . The bottom support member 49 mainly has the following two functions:

[0283] 1. Lift each single battery 01 so that the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 extends out of the terminal avoidance hole 214 of the housing top plate 413;

[0284] 2. Support each single battery 01 and form a liquid channel between the bottom of each single battery 01 as an electrolyte shared chamber 04.

[0285] As can be seen from FIG. 17 , in this embodiment, an electrolyte sharing chamber 04 is formed between the bottom support member 49 and the bottom of each single battery 01 .

[0286] As can be seen in Figure 20 , the bottom support member 49 of this embodiment is made of aluminum, with its main portion being a flat plate whose shape and dimensions match those of the housing bottom plate 414. Second support ribs 492 extending in the x-direction are provided on the lower surface of the plate, and first support ribs 491 extending in the x-direction are provided on the upper surface of the plate.

[0287] In this embodiment, there are two second supporting ribs 492 , whose main function is to lift each single battery 01 so that the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 214 of the housing top plate 413 .

[0288] As can be seen from FIG. 17 , the bottom support member 49 is placed inside the cylinder 211 and between each single battery 01 and the bottom plate 414 of the housing.

[0289] It should be noted that during the assembly of large-capacity batteries, the port of the channel 419 formed between the bottom support 49 and the bottom plate 414 of the outer shell needs to be sealed with a baffle 418 to prevent the electrolyte from flowing into the channel and increasing the amount of electrolyte used in the entire large-capacity battery (as shown in Figure 17).

[0290] Furthermore, the x-axis edges of the bottom support member 49 should be sealed against the sidewalls of the cylinder parallel to the xz plane to prevent electrolyte from seeping into the channel. This seal can be achieved by adding sealing strips or sealant. Alternatively, the channel can be filled with a lightweight material that is non-reactive with the electrolyte. Solid PP columns are suitable, as they are less expensive than aluminum. Even if there is a gap between the bottom support member 49 and the sidewalls of the cylinder parallel to the xz plane, the channel is completely filled, preventing excessive electrolyte from entering.

[0291] In other embodiments, the same purpose can be achieved by increasing the thickness of the flat plate. However, compared to this embodiment, this results in higher material costs and a heavier weight for the entire large-capacity battery. In contrast, this embodiment, by providing second support ribs 492, minimizes the thickness of the flat plate while ensuring sufficient support strength, reducing material costs and the weight of the large-capacity battery.

[0292] In this embodiment, there are three first support ribs 491, each of which extends along the x-direction. The three support ribs are evenly arranged along the y-direction. In order to improve the electrolyte sharing effect, a gap 4911 is opened on the first support rib 491 located in the middle to ensure that the liquid channels on both sides thereof are connected to each other.

[0293] The structure of the single cell 01 corresponding to the electrolyte shared chamber 04 of this type of structure is shown in Figures 21 and 22:

[0294] In this embodiment, two first through-holes 4161 are defined on the lower cover plate 416 of the single cell. These two first through-holes 4161 are arranged symmetrically along the y-direction. A sealing assembly 410 is used to seal the two first through-holes 4161. After the single cell 01 is installed in the cylindrical body 211, the two first through-holes 4161 are located directly above the two liquid channels. External force or external electrolyte (here, external electrolyte refers to electrolyte located outside the single cell 01) can cause the sealing assembly 410 to fall off the lower cover plate, or form an opening in the sealing assembly 410 that penetrates the first through-holes 4161 and connects to the liquid channels.

[0295] As can be seen from Figure 21, the two first through holes 4161 of this embodiment are located on both sides of the lower cover plate 416 of the single cell. When the battery cell inside the single cell 01 adopts a winding core, there is a large space between the side wall of the shell thickness direction of the single cell 01 and the winding core. The first through holes 4161 are opened close to both sides of the lower cover plate 416 of the single cell. First, when the first through holes 4161 are opened, there is no effect on the internal battery cell structure. Secondly, after opening the sealing component 410 at this position, the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 can better enter the inner cavity of the single cell 01.

[0296] The size of the first through hole 4161 needs to meet the following conditions:

[0297] 1. The first through hole 4161 cannot be too large to ensure that the entire single cell lower cover 416 has a certain strength. This will prevent the single cell 01 from being scrapped due to the poor strength of the single cell lower cover 416 before the sealing assembly 410 at the first through hole 4161 is opened.

[0298] 2. The first through hole 4161 cannot be too small to ensure that after the sealing assembly 410 at the first through hole 4161 is opened, the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery 01 and the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 are smoothly connected to ensure a good sharing effect.

[0299] In this embodiment, the sealing component 410 can adopt the sealing film disclosed in Chinese patent CN218525645U; the patent discloses two types of sealing films, one type of sealing film can be dissolved in electrolyte; the other type of sealing film can be opened under the action of external force.

[0300] When a sealing film soluble in electrolyte is used, a protective film insoluble in electrolyte is generally provided on the side of the sealing film facing the interior of the single cell 01 housing. When the sealing film dissolves in the electrolyte, the protective film falls off.

[0301] When using this type of sealing film, the liquid line can be opened through the following process:

[0302] After assembling the large-capacity battery, injecting electrolyte into the shared electrolyte chamber 04 automatically dissolves the sealing films at the two first through-holes 4161 from the outside. Because the protective film and the lower cover plate 416 of the single cell are not fixed in any way, when the sealing film dissolves, the protective film automatically falls off the cover plate, thereby connecting the shared electrolyte chamber 04 with the inner cavity of the single cell 01, so that the electrolyte of all single cells 01 is in the same system, achieving the electrolyte sharing effect. In this embodiment, during the unpacking process, even if the sealing film at one first through-hole 4161 is not completely dissolved, the electrolyte sharing effect can be achieved through the other first through-hole 4161 (the sealing film of the first through-hole 4161 is dissolved).

[0303] A sealing film that can be opened under the action of an external force is used. Generally, a traction ring can be provided on the sealing film. The traction ring is pulled by an external force to form an opening at the sealing film.

[0304] The liquid circuit can be opened by the following process:

[0305] After assembling the large-capacity battery, the traction ring is pulled with a traction tool, causing each sealing film to tear or fall off from the first through-hole 4161. This allows the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 to communicate with the inner cavity of the single battery 01, placing the electrolyte in the same system for all single batteries 01, achieving electrolyte sharing. During the unpacking process, even if the sealing film at one first through-hole 4161 is not torn or fallen off, it can still be passed through the other first through-hole 4161 (the sealing film at the first through-hole 4161 is torn or completely fallen off), achieving electrolyte sharing.

[0306] In other embodiments, one or more first through holes 4161 may be provided on the cell lower cover plate 416. When there is one first through hole 4161, it is typically located at the geometric center of the cell lower cover plate 416. When there are two or more first through holes 4161, each first through hole 4161 may be evenly distributed on the cell lower cover plate 416. The size of the first through hole 4161 still needs to meet the two aforementioned conditions. Furthermore, the position of the first support rib 491 needs to be adjusted based on the position of the first through hole 4161 of the cell 01. For example, when there is one first through hole 4161 located at the geometric center of the cell lower cover plate 416, only two first support ribs 491 may be provided. A liquid channel is formed between the two first support ribs 491, connecting to the first through hole 4161 of the cell 01.

[0307] In some other embodiments, the electrolyte shared chamber 04 shown in FIG. 23 may be used, that is, support ribs are directly provided along the x-direction on the bottom plate 414 of the housing to form a liquid channel between two support ribs as the electrolyte shared chamber 04. The support ribs here also have the following two functions:

[0308] 1. Lift each single battery 01 so that the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 extends out of the terminal avoidance hole 214 of the housing top plate 413;

[0309] 2. Support each single battery 01 and form a liquid channel between the bottom of each single battery 01 as an electrolyte shared chamber 04.

[0310] However, compared with the present embodiment, the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 formed therein has a larger size in the z direction, which results in a larger amount of electrolyte used in such a large-capacity battery and a higher cost.

[0311] Specifically, the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 shown in Figure 23 has a size in the z direction that is equal to the size of the support rib, which makes the volume of the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 larger, and thus leads to a larger amount of electrolyte used in the entire electrolyte sharing chamber 04 (it should be noted that since the lower cover plate 416 of each single battery cell and the support rib are not sealed, the electrolyte will also diffuse from the gap between the two to the cavity formed between the two support ribs and the outer shell 03), increasing the cost of such large-capacity batteries.

[0312] In contrast, in Examples 9 through 11, two types of support ribs are provided on the same support member. The first type of support ribs primarily serves to construct the shared electrolyte chamber 04, while the second type of support ribs primarily serves to elevate each individual battery cell 01. This minimizes the height of the first type of support ribs in the z-direction, reducing the volume of the shared electrolyte chamber 04 and, consequently, reducing electrolyte usage. Reducing the z-direction height of the first type of support ribs may prevent the polarity terminals 45 of each individual battery cell from smoothly extending through their corresponding post-avoidance holes 214. In this case, increasing the z-direction height of the second type of support ribs ensures smooth extension of each individual battery cell polarity terminal 45 through their corresponding post-avoidance holes 214. As can be clearly seen in Figure 20, in the z-direction, the dimensions of the first support rib 491 in Examples 9 through 11 are smaller than those of the second support rib 492. Therefore, in Examples 9 through 11, based on the bottom support member 49, while maintaining a small volume for the shared electrolyte chamber, the polarity terminals 45 of each individual battery cell can still extend through their corresponding post-avoidance holes 214 in the housing top plate 413.

[0313] In this embodiment, the gas chamber 05 is a gas channel arranged on the top plate 413 of the shell. The specific structure is shown in Figures 18 and 19. The top plate 413 of the shell is provided with a protrusion extending along the x-direction, and a gas channel extending along the x-direction is formed at the protrusion. When the cylinder 211 is processed by the aluminum extrusion process, the gas channel can be extruded simultaneously.

[0314] The structure of the single cell 01 corresponding to the gas chamber 05 of this type of structure is shown in Figures 24 and 25:

[0315] In this embodiment, a second through-hole 4171 is defined in the upper cover plate 417 of the single cell. This second through-hole 4171 is located between the two polarity terminals 45 of the single cell 01. A sealing assembly 410 is used to seal the second through-hole 4171. After the single cell 01 is installed in the cylindrical body 211, the second through-hole 4171 is located below the gas chamber 05. External force or external electrolyte (here, external electrolyte refers to electrolyte located outside the single cell 01) can cause the sealing assembly 410 to fall off the upper cover plate, or form an opening in the sealing assembly 410 that penetrates the second through-hole 4171 and connects to the gas chamber 05. The specific method for opening the opening (i.e., the unpacking method) is similar to the liquid circuit unpacking process and will not be further described here.

[0316] As shown in Figures 18 and 19 , the top plate 413 of the outer shell of this embodiment defines a post-avoidance hole 214 through which the polarity terminal 45 of each cell 01 can extend. Each cell 01 polarity terminal 45 extends from a corresponding post-avoidance hole 214, and the outer shell 03 area surrounding the post-avoidance hole 214 is securely sealed to the cell 01 housing. As can be seen from the figures, the polarity terminal 45 of the cell 01 in this embodiment serves as the cell 01 post, and the post of this type of cell 01 is taller than that of conventional commercially available prismatic batteries.

[0317] In conjunction with Figures 16 and 17, it can be seen that in this embodiment, a through groove is provided at the position where the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 214, which serves as the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47; as can be seen from Figure 22, in this embodiment, the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01 is a cylinder, including a first end face, a second end face 452 and a side wall 453 (the first end face and the second end face 452 are parallel to each other), and the through groove is provided in the side wall 453 of the polarity terminal, that is, the opening of the through groove is located on the side wall 453.

[0318] In some other embodiments, a through hole may be further provided on the side wall 453 , that is, the opening of the through hole is located on the side wall 453 .

[0319] In some other embodiments, a through groove may be further provided on the second end surface 452 , that is, the opening of the through groove is located on the second end surface 452 .

[0320] The second end face 452 serves as the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 45 and is used to connect to the first electrical connector 421 and / or the second electrical connector 422 to achieve electrical connection between each single cell 01 and / or between two large-capacity batteries; the first end face is used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly inside the shell of the single cell 01.

[0321] Compared to slots in the second end surface 452, slots or holes in the side wall 453 provide a larger contact area between the heat exchange tube 06 and the inner wall of the slot or hole, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, when slots or holes are located in the side wall 453, the entire area of ​​the second end surface 452 can be used as an electrical connection area. Two slots or holes can also be provided simultaneously in the side wall 453 of the polarity terminal to increase the number of heat exchange tube assemblies that can be accommodated, further improving heat exchange efficiency. Slots make heat exchange tube 06 easier to install than through holes.

[0322] The cross-section of the through groove is C-shaped. The opening width of the through groove with a C-shaped cross-section is smaller than the widest part of the through groove. This design is conducive to the interference fit of the first tube or the second tube in the through groove. The arc formed at both ends of the C-shaped through groove has natural tension, which is conducive to tightly fitting the first tube or the second tube in the through groove.

[0323] In this embodiment, the assembly of a large-capacity battery can be completed through the following process:

[0324] Step 1: Process the cylinder 211 and the two end plates 212.

[0325] Step 2: sort by capacity to select multiple single cells 01 that meet the requirements; open a first through hole 4161 in the lower cover plate 416 of the single cell and seal it with a sealing assembly 410; open a second through hole 4171 in the upper cover plate 417 of the single cell and seal it with a sealing assembly 410; arrange the multiple single cells 01 with the sealing assembly 410 in the cylinder 211 of step 1.

[0326] The specific arrangement process is as follows:

[0327] Fix multiple single cells 01 as a whole and push them into the inner cavity of the cylinder 211 from any open end of the cylinder 211; at this time, the bottom of each single cell 01 is in contact with the bottom plate 414 of the outer shell, and the polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01 corresponds to the corresponding pole avoidance hole 214, but does not extend out of the pole avoidance hole 214; then use a lifting tool to support the multiple single cells 01 from the bottom, so that the bottom of each single cell 01 is separated from the bottom plate 414 of the outer shell, and the polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01 extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 214; then, insert the bottom support member 49 between each single cell 01 and the bottom plate 414 of the outer shell along the x direction, and remove the lifting tool.

[0328] Alternatively, the cylinder 211 may be flipped over so that the top plate of the cylinder 211 faces downward, and multiple single cells 01 are fixed as a whole and pushed into the inner cavity of the cylinder 211 from any open end of the cylinder 211; or multiple single cells 01 are pushed into the inner cavity of the cylinder 211 from any open end of the cylinder 211 in sequence; under the action of gravity, the polarity terminals 45 of each single cell 01 extend out of the corresponding pole avoidance holes 214, and the bottom support member 49 is inserted between the bottom of each single cell 01 and the bottom plate 414 of the outer shell; the cylinder 211 is flipped over so that the top plate of the cylinder 211 faces upward.

[0329] It should be noted that in the z direction, the size of the bottom support member 49 must meet the following requirements: after the bottom support member 49 is added between the bottom of each single battery 01 and the shell bottom plate 414, the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 214.

[0330] Step 3: Seal the pole avoidance hole 214 and the surrounding area of ​​the polarity terminal of the single battery 01 shell; weld the end plates 212 at both ends to the two opposite open ends of the cylinder 211.

[0331] Step 4: Use external force or the electrolyte itself to open the sealing component 410, so that the electrolyte sharing chamber 04 and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell 01 are connected, and the gas chamber 05 and the gas area of ​​each single cell 01 are connected.

[0332] After the inner cavities of each single cell 01 and the electrolyte shared chamber 04 are connected, the electrolytes in the inner cavities of each single cell 01 are connected through the electrolyte shared chamber 04. In order to prevent the interruption of the electrolyte, electrolyte can be injected into the electrolyte shared chamber 04 after the inner cavities of each single cell 01 and the electrolyte shared chamber 04 are connected to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte.

[0333] Then, the heat exchange tube assembly is fixed in the through slots on each polarity terminal 45, and all the single cells 01 are connected in parallel using the first electrical connector 421 shown in Figure 23. This step can also be performed before step 4.

[0334] In order to form a more complete SEI film and make the large-capacity battery have a more stable cycle capacity, the electrolyte is injected into the inner cavity of each single battery 01 through the electrolyte sharing chamber 04, and then the entire large-capacity battery is formed.

[0335] Example 10

[0336] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange tube 06, condensation will be generated on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal 45 and the pole avoidance hole 214, causing the polarity terminal 45 to be electrically conductive with the shell 03, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery 01.

[0337] This embodiment overcomes the aforementioned issues by optimizing the top structure of the large-capacity battery and applying an insulating sealant layer 420 to the top plate 413 of the housing. The electrical connection portion (second end surface 452) of the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01 extends beyond the insulating sealant layer 420, allowing for connection to the first electrical connector 421 or the second electrical connector 422. The liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 06 extend beyond the insulating sealant layer 420 for connection to liquid cooling equipment. The first electrical connector 421 connects the single batteries 01 in parallel, while the second electrical connector 422 connects two large-capacity batteries in series, and can also connect the large-capacity battery to an external load.

[0338] As shown in FIG27 , in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 420 is laid on the top plate 413 of the outer shell. As can be seen from the figure, part of the polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 420, and the electrical connection part (i.e., the second end face 452) of the polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01 extends out of the insulating sealant layer 420 and is connected to the first electrical connector 421 and / or the second electrical connector 422; the main body of the heat exchange tube 06 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 420, and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 06 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 420 for connection to the liquid cooling equipment.

[0339] In some other embodiments, the size of the insulating sealant layer 420 in the z direction can be smaller, lower than the main part of the heat exchange tube 06, or cover a partial area of ​​the main part of the heat exchange tube 06; as long as condensation cannot enter the gap between the polarity terminal 45 and the pole avoidance hole 214.

[0340] The insulating sealant used in this embodiment is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproofing functions.

[0341] In order to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing, in the present embodiment, during the glue injection process, a glue injection mold can be further provided around the periphery of the housing top plate 413 to ensure that the insulating sealant can be injected smoothly.

[0342] Referring to Figure 28 , this embodiment includes two first electrical connectors 421. One first electrical connector 421 is connected to the second end face 452 of the positive polarity terminal of all the cells 01 in the large-capacity battery; the other first electrical connector 421 is connected to the second end face 452 of the negative polarity terminal of all the cells 01 in the large-capacity battery. This allows all the cells 01 in the large-capacity battery to be connected in parallel.

[0343] As can be seen from the figure, the first electrical connector 421 of this embodiment is a metal plate, and metal materials such as copper and aluminum can be selected. Based on cost considerations, aluminum is selected in this embodiment.

[0344] The first electrical connector 421 and the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01 can be connected by screws or welding. Considering the reliability of the connection, this embodiment uses welding to achieve the connection between the two.

[0345] In this embodiment, there are 13 second electrical connectors 422 fixed to the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery 01; in other embodiments, the number of second electrical connectors 422 can be determined according to actual needs, and they can be directly connected to the first electrical connector 421.

[0346] Example 11

[0347] In the above embodiment, the polarity terminals 45 are directly exposed to the external environment, posing a significant safety hazard during use due to the polarity terminals 45 being electrically charged. Therefore, as shown in Figures 29 and 30 , this embodiment, based on the above embodiment, provides an insulating protective cover 415 on top of the large-capacity battery to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminals 45. This avoids the potential safety hazard of the polarity terminals 45 being exposed during operation, and also prevents foreign matter from falling into the polarity terminals 45 and causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0348] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 415 completely wraps the polarity terminal 45, it will make the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries more difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit 4153 is opened on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 415 parallel to the xz plane. Through the slit 4153, the second electrical connector 422 can be connected to the polarity terminal 45, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0349] It should also be noted that channels for the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 06 to extend out need to be provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 415 .

[0350] In order to facilitate the electrical connection process, the present embodiment designs the insulating protective cover 415 as a split structure, as shown in FIG30 , including an insulating frame 4151 and an insulating cover 4152 covering the insulating frame 4151; the lower end of the insulating frame 4151 is used to cooperate with the top of the large-capacity battery, and is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery by screw connection or bonding, and the upper end of the insulating frame 4151 is buckled and installed with the insulating cover 4152, and a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame 4151 parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover 4152 to form the above-mentioned slit 4153.

[0351] During assembly, the insulating frame 4151 can be fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery first, and then the second electrical connector 422 can be connected to the polarity terminal 45 through the slit 4153. After glue injection, the insulating cover 4152 can be fixed on the upper end of the insulating frame 4151.

[0352] In addition, in Example 10, during the injection process, in order to prevent the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing, an injection mold is required. However, after the injection, demolding is required, and the process is relatively complicated. In addition, during the demolding process, the structure of the insulating sealant layer 420 may be damaged, resulting in reduced sealing reliability.

[0353] In this embodiment, the insulating frame 4151 of the insulating protective cover 415 can be used as a glue injection mold. After the glue injection is completed, there is no need to demould. At the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating frame 4151 and the top of the large-capacity battery can be improved.

[0354] During the charge and discharge operation of a single cell, the cell itself generates a large amount of heat. If the cell is not cooled in time, the performance of the cell will decline. Currently, liquid cooling is mainly used to cool the cell. When cooling a cell by liquid cooling, a heat exchange tube is generally used to exchange heat with the cell. The heat exchange tube contains a heat-conducting medium. The heat exchange tube is connected to a temperature control device, which processes the heat transferred by the heat exchange tube. The temperature control device mainly includes a temperature controller and a circulation pump. The temperature controller is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, which is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the medium in the heat exchange tube. For example, the temperature controller is specifically a heating and cooling machine or a refrigerator with a compressor, etc. The circulation pump is mainly used to circulate the heat-conducting medium, thereby quickly and effectively processing the heat of the cell, so that the temperature of the cell is controlled within the optimal range.

[0355] When installed, the heat exchange tubes are specifically positioned on the polarity terminals of the single cells, for direct heat exchange with the polarity terminals of the single cells. The polarity terminals of the single cells can be the poles of the single cells. When used with large-capacity batteries with a housing, to prevent the poles of the single cells from being unable to extend smoothly through the pole avoidance holes, a pole adapter can be connected to the poles of the single cells, and the combined structure of the poles and pole adapter serves as the polarity terminals of the single cells. To ensure efficient heat exchange between the heat exchange tubes and the single cells, the heat exchange tubes are generally metal tubes with good thermal conductivity. The heat transfer medium in the heat exchange tubes is a liquid medium, such as water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc.

[0356] When the heat exchange tubes mentioned above come into contact with the polarity terminals of the battery cells for heat exchange, insulation is required between the tubes and the polarity terminals of the battery cells. If the insulation between the tubes and the polarity terminals is poor, installing the tubes on the polarity terminals of the battery cells could cause a short circuit in the battery cells, posing a safety hazard. Based on this, the present invention provides a heat exchange tube assembly with double-layer insulation. This heat exchange tube assembly is installed on the polarity terminals of the battery cells to ensure reliable insulation during heat exchange between the polarity terminals of the battery cells and the heat exchange tubes.

[0357] Example 12

[0358] As shown in Figures 31 and 32, this embodiment provides a heat exchange tube assembly. The heat exchange tube assembly 36 specifically includes a heat exchange tube 06, which is a metal tube having an insulation layer 312 and an insulation sleeve 313. The insulation layer 312 is molded on the sidewall of the heat exchange tube 06, and the insulation sleeve 313 is disposed on the heat exchange tube 06 having the insulation layer 312. The insulation layer 312 and the insulation sleeve 313 are both disposed on the sidewall of the heat exchange tube 06 that contacts the polarity terminals of the battery cells, forming a double insulation structure. This double insulation ensures that even if either the insulation layer 312 or the insulation sleeve 313 is damaged during heat exchange between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminals of the battery cells, reliable insulation between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminals of the battery cells remains, thereby improving the safety of the battery cells during use. The specific structure of the heat exchange tube assembly 36, formed by the heat exchange tube 06, the insulation layer 312, and the insulation sleeve 313, is described in detail below.

[0359] The heat exchange tube 06 is a pipe with heat exchange functions, primarily contacting the polarity terminals of the individual battery cells for heat exchange. The shape of the heat exchange tube 06 is not critical, as long as it can contact the polarity terminals of the individual battery cells for heat exchange. For example, square tubes, oval tubes, round tubes, etc. can be used. In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 06 is preferably a round tube, as it is easy to install and can be made from existing metal pipes, which is relatively low in cost.

[0360] The heat exchange tube 06 in this embodiment specifically adopts a metal tube with good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum tube, a copper tube, etc. Preferably, the heat exchange tube 06 adopts an aluminum tube with good thermal conductivity and relatively low cost. In order to ensure the thermal conductivity, the thinner the wall thickness of the aluminum tube, the better. However, if the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is too thin, the aluminum tube is relatively soft and easily bends and breaks during installation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is preferably 0.5mm to 1mm. The heat exchange tube with this wall thickness can maintain its installation reliability while having good thermal conductivity, avoiding the risk of easy bending and damage when the wall thickness of the heat exchange tube is thin. In actual use, the diameter of the heat exchange tube 06 is generally about 10mm to 20mm.

[0361] In the heat exchange tube assembly of this embodiment, the insulating layer 312 is formed on the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06 and is an integral structure with the heat exchange tube 06. This can be achieved in the following ways:

[0362] First, a ceramic coating, i.e., a high-temperature electrical insulating coating, is formed on the sidewall of the heat exchange tube 06 to form an insulating layer 312. The ceramic coating may be boron nitride, aluminum oxide, or copper fluoride. However, the insulating layer 312 formed in this manner is prone to falling off and has a high processing cost.

[0363] Second, a layer of insulating material (such as insulating paint) is coated on the side wall surface of the heat exchange tube 06 to form an insulating layer 312. This method is easy to process and implement, and has a low processing cost.

[0364] Third, the heat exchange tubes 06 are oxidized to form an insulating layer 312. Oxidation utilizes a chemical reaction between the metal surface and oxygen to form an oxide film, thereby improving the metal's insulation properties. Examples include electrochemical oxidation. Specifically, the heat exchange tubes 06 are oxidized to form a hard oxide layer. This insulating layer 312 is less susceptible to detachment and exhibits relatively good insulation properties.

[0365] The thicker the hard oxide layer formed by oxidation, the better the insulation properties. However, its thermal conductivity will be reduced. In this embodiment, the thickness of the hard oxide layer is preferably 20 μm to 50 μm. This thickness of the hard oxide layer ensures insulation properties while also providing good thermal conductivity to the sidewalls of the heat exchange tube 06.

[0366] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of insulation, an insulating sleeve 313 is provided outside the heat exchange tube 06 having the insulating layer 312 , so as to form double insulation on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 06 .

[0367] The insulating sleeve 313 can be made of an insulating material with good thermal conductivity, ensuring both excellent thermal conductivity and good insulation. In this embodiment, the insulating sleeve 313 is made of a thermally conductive plastic or rubber sleeve, such as a thermally conductive silicone sleeve, with both excellent insulation and thermal conductivity. Theoretically, the thinner the insulating sleeve, the better the thermal conductivity. However, while ensuring thermal conductivity, insulation performance must also be maintained. The thicker the insulating sleeve, the more reliable the insulation performance. Balancing thermal conductivity and insulation performance, the insulating sleeve 313 in this embodiment is preferably 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm thick, with 1 mm being the most preferred thickness. This thickness ensures both excellent insulation and good thermal conductivity. The insulating sleeve 313 can have a circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped cross-section, as long as it can fit over the heat exchange tube 06 with the insulating layer 312 and insulate the contact between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminals of the battery cells. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the insulating sleeve 313 is preferably the same as that of the heat exchange tube 06 , so that the insulating sleeve 313 can be tightly nested on the heat exchange tube 06 to improve the thermal conductivity of the heat exchange tube 06 .

[0368] When the insulating sleeve 313 is installed and matched with the heat exchange tube 06, the size of the insulating sleeve 313 is set slightly smaller than the size of the heat exchange tube 06 so that the insulating sleeve 313 is tightly nested on the heat exchange tube 06 with the insulating layer 312. Alternatively, the insulating sleeve 313 can be heat-shrunk onto the heat exchange tube 06 with the insulating layer 312. In this embodiment, the preferred method is to heat-shrunk the insulating sleeve 313 onto the heat exchange tube 06 with the insulating layer 312. For example, a polytetrafluoroethylene sleeve, a silicone sleeve, etc. can be heat-shrunk onto an aluminum tube with a hard oxide layer to form a polytetrafluoroethylene heat-shrinkable aluminum tube or a silicone heat-shrinkable aluminum tube. This installation method can ensure that there is almost no heat conduction gap between the insulating sleeve 313 and the heat exchange tube 06, and the heat conduction effect of the insulating sleeve 313 is better.

[0369] The heat exchange tube assembly 36 formed by the aforementioned different insulation layers 312 and different insulation sleeves 313 can be: a heat-shrinkable PTFE tube coated with insulating varnish on a copper tube, a heat-conducting rubber tube over a hard anodized aluminum tube, a heat-shrinkable PTFE tube over a hard anodized aluminum tube, or a heat-shrinkable silicone sleeve over a hard anodized aluminum tube. Regardless of the method, good insulation is ensured between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminals during installation and subsequent use.

[0370] When providing the insulating layer 312 and insulating sleeve 313 on the heat exchange tube 06, the insulating layer 312 and insulating sleeve 313 may be provided only on the sidewall of the heat exchange tube 06 that contacts the polarity terminals of the single battery cells, or they may be provided on the entire heat exchange tube 06. The following describes the arrangement of the insulating layer 312 and insulating sleeve 313, taking the heat exchange tube 06 as a circular tube that is semi-embedded for heat exchange with multiple polarity terminals as an example:

[0371] First, an insulating layer 312 and an insulating sleeve 313 are provided on part of the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06;

[0372] 1) The insulating layer 312 and insulating sleeve 313 are only provided on the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06 where it contacts the polarity terminals of the single battery cells, and the other non-contact parts are not insulated. For example, the insulating layer 312 is provided at intervals on the bottom of the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06, and multiple C-shaped insulating sleeves 313 are nested.

[0373] 2) A semi-cylindrical insulating layer 312 is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the entire heat exchange tube 06, and a long C-shaped insulating sleeve 313 is nested therein;

[0374] 3) Multiple annular insulating layers 312 are spaced apart on the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06 (the spacing is the distance between the polarity terminals of each single battery), and multiple circular insulating sleeves 313 are nested at the same time;

[0375] 4) As shown in FIG32 , an insulating layer 312 is provided on the side wall of the entire heat exchange tube 06 , but a plurality of circular insulating sleeves 313 are only provided on the portion in contact with the polarity terminals of the single battery cells;

[0376] In the above arrangement, the manufacturing process for the insulating layer 312 is relatively complex. For example, when forming the hard oxide layer on the aluminum tube, the non-insulated portion of the aluminum tube must be coated and then placed in a treatment solution for treatment, making the processing process relatively cumbersome. Furthermore, this method requires the manufacture of multiple insulating sleeves 313, which are then individually mounted on the heat exchange tube 06, making installation more complicated.

[0377] In addition, when the double-insulated heat exchange tube 06 formed in this way is matched with the polarity terminal of the single battery, attention must be paid to its installation position to avoid connecting the uninsulated heat exchange tube 06 with the polarity terminal of the single battery to avoid the risk of short circuit.

[0378] Second, as shown in FIG31 , an insulating layer 312 is provided on the entire heat exchange tube 06 and an insulating sleeve 313 is also provided;

[0379] This arrangement not only simplifies the molding and installation of the insulating layer 312 and the insulating sleeve 313, but also eliminates the need to consider installation errors between the insulating layer 312, the insulating sleeve 313 and the polarity terminals of the single battery when installing the heat exchange tube 06 with this structure, making on-site installation of the heat exchange tube more convenient.

[0380] Example 13

[0381] As shown in Figures 33 to 35, this embodiment provides a large-capacity battery, which includes a plurality of single cells 01 connected in parallel and a shell 03. Each single cell 01 is installed in the shell 03. The top of the shell 03 is provided with a pole avoidance hole 214 from which the poles of each single cell 01 extend. At the same time, a shared chamber is provided in the shell 03 to enable at least one of the gas area and electrolyte area of ​​each single cell 01 to communicate with each other. In this embodiment, the single cell 01 takes a square shell battery as an example to illustrate the structure of the large-capacity battery. The single cell 01 includes a battery shell and an electrode assembly provided in the battery shell. The battery shell includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a cylinder. The upper cover plate is provided with a positive pole and a negative pole for leading the current of the single cell 01. The specific structure of the large-capacity battery is as follows:

[0382] 1) Each single battery is installed in a housing, which includes an outer cylinder, an upper cover, and a lower cover. The top and bottom of the outer cylinder are open. The upper cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the outer cylinder. The upper cover has a terminal avoidance hole that allows each single battery terminal to extend. The lower cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the bottom of the outer cylinder. The lower cover has a shared chamber.

[0383] 2) As shown in Figures 33 to 35 , each single battery cell 01 is installed in a housing 03, which includes an outer cylinder, a front cover, and a rear cover. The front and rear portions of the outer cylinder are open, the front cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front portion of the outer cylinder, and the rear cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear portion of the outer cylinder. The top of the outer cylinder is provided with a pole avoidance hole 214 that allows the poles of each single battery cell 01 to extend, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is provided with a shared chamber.

[0384] 3) Each single cell is installed in a shell, which includes a U-shaped shell, a first cover plate, a third cover plate, and a second cover plate; the first cover plate and the third cover plate respectively cover the two opposite open ends of the U-shaped shell; the second cover plate covers the open end at the top of the U-shaped shell and is sealed with the open end, and a pole avoidance hole is provided on the second cover plate to allow the poles of each single cell to extend out, and a shared chamber is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped shell.

[0385] In the aforementioned high-capacity battery, after each cell 01 is installed in the housing 03 and the terminal of each cell 01 extends out of the terminal avoidance hole 214, it is difficult to reliably connect to the heat exchange tube assembly 36 due to the height limitations of the existing cell 01 terminal. Therefore, a terminal adapter 8 is connected to the terminal 321 of each cell 01. This terminal adapter 8 serves as the polarity terminal of each cell 01. In this case, the heat exchange tube assembly 36 is installed on the polarity terminal of each cell 01 to transfer heat generated by each cell 01. Specifically, during connection, the terminal adapter 8 of each cell 01 is provided with a through slot or through hole. The through slot on each cell 01 forms a heat transfer groove along the direction of the cell 01 arrangement, and the heat exchange tube assembly 36 is inserted into each of the two heat transfer grooves. Alternatively, the through holes on the terminal adapter 8 of each cell 01 are coaxially arranged, and the heat exchange tube assembly 36 passes through each through hole in sequence.

[0386] When the aforementioned multiple large-capacity batteries form an energy storage system, the temperature of each large-capacity battery in the entire energy storage system is controlled by a temperature control system. The energy storage system includes multiple battery packs, each of which includes multiple large-capacity batteries connected in series. The temperature control system includes a heat exchange tube assembly 36, a secondary manifold, a primary manifold, and a temperature control device. The heat exchange tube assembly 36 is installed on the polarity terminals of each single battery cell 01. The heat exchange tube 06 contains a heat-conducting medium to process the heat generated by each single cell in the large-capacity battery. The large-capacity batteries in each battery pack are connected in parallel to the secondary manifold via two quick connectors. The secondary manifolds of multiple battery packs are connected in parallel to the primary manifold, and the primary manifold is connected to the temperature control device.

[0387] Example 14

[0388] As shown in Figure 36, this embodiment provides a large-capacity battery, which includes multiple parallel-connected single cells 01 and a hollow member 55. At least one of the gas area and electrolyte area of ​​each single cell 01 is interconnected through the hollow member 55. In this embodiment, the single cell 01 takes a square-shell battery as an example, which includes a battery shell and an electrode assembly disposed within the battery shell. The battery shell includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, and a cylinder. The upper cover plate is provided with a positive electrode column and a negative electrode column for current extraction from the single cell 01. The specific structure of the large-capacity battery is as follows:

[0389] 1) As shown in FIG36 , the individual cells 01 are connected to form a hollow member 55 through sub-pipelines provided on the lower cover of the individual cells 01. The inner cavity of the hollow member 55 forms a shared chamber, so that the individual cells 01 are in the same electrolyte system. For details, please refer to patent CN219144456U;

[0390] 2) Each single cell has an opening on its battery housing. A hollow member serves as a main conduit, which is connected to the openings on the battery housing of each single cell via branch lines. The inner cavity of the hollow member serves as a shared chamber, so that each single cell is in the same electrolyte system. For details, see patent CN218957802U.

[0391] 3) The battery housing of each single cell is provided with an opening, and the hollow member is a split structure, mainly consisting of a hollow box body with an open end and a cover plate for covering the open end; the inner cavity of the hollow member 55 is a shared chamber so that each single cell is in the same electrolyte system. For details, please refer to patent CN116111201A.

[0392] In the aforementioned high-capacity battery, a heat exchange tube assembly 36 is positioned at the polarity terminals of each cell 01 to transfer heat generated by each cell 01. In this embodiment, the polarity terminals are the poles 321 of each cell 01. When the heat exchange tube assembly 36 is specifically connected to the poles 321 of each cell 01, through slots or through holes are provided on the positive and negative poles of each cell 01. The through slots on the polarity terminals of each cell 01 form a heat transfer groove arranged along the arrangement of the cells 01. Two heat exchange tube assemblies 36 are embedded one by one in the two heat transfer grooves formed by the positive and negative poles. Alternatively, the through holes on the poles 321 of each cell 01 are coaxially arranged, and the heat exchange tube assemblies 36 pass through each through hole in sequence.

[0393] When the aforementioned multiple large-capacity batteries form an energy storage system, the temperature of each large-capacity battery in the entire energy storage system is controlled by a temperature control system. The energy storage system includes multiple battery packs, each of which includes multiple large-capacity batteries connected in series. The temperature control system includes a heat exchange tube assembly 36, a secondary manifold, a primary manifold, and a temperature control device. The heat exchange tube assembly 36 is directly mounted on the polarity terminals of each single battery cell 01. The heat exchange tube 06 contains a heat-conducting medium to process the heat generated by each single cell in the large-capacity battery. The large-capacity batteries in each battery pack are connected in parallel to the secondary manifold via two quick connectors. The secondary manifolds of multiple battery packs are connected in parallel to the primary manifold, and the primary manifold is connected to the temperature control device.

[0394] During the battery charging and discharging process, the battery itself generates a lot of heat. If the battery is not cooled in time, the battery performance will decline. At present, liquid cooling is mainly used to cool the battery. When cooling the battery by liquid cooling, a heat exchange tube is generally used to exchange heat with the battery. The heat exchange tube contains a heat-conducting medium. The heat exchange tube is connected to a temperature control device. The temperature control device processes the heat transferred by the heat exchange tube. The temperature control device mainly includes a temperature controller and a circulation pump. Among them, the temperature controller is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, which is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchange tube. For example, the temperature controller is specifically a heating and cooling machine or a refrigerator with a compressor, etc. The circulation pump is mainly used to circulate the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchange tube, thereby quickly and effectively processing the heat of the battery to control the battery temperature within the optimal range.

[0395] The heat exchange tubes mentioned above exchange heat with the batteries and are primarily located on the polarity terminals of the batteries for direct heat exchange with the polarity terminals. The polarity terminals may be the poles of the individual cells. When used for large-capacity batteries with a housing, a pole adapter may be connected to the poles of the individual cells to prevent the poles of the individual cells from extending smoothly out of the pole avoidance holes. In this case, the polarity terminals of each individual cell are pole adapters. To ensure the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange tubes and the polarity terminals, the heat exchange tubes generally use metal tubes with good thermal conductivity. The heat-conducting medium in the metal tubes is a liquid medium, such as water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc. When the heat exchange tubes mentioned above come into contact with the polarity terminals, it is necessary not only to achieve good insulation performance between the heat exchange tubes and the polarity terminals, but also to achieve good thermal conductivity between the heat exchange tubes and the polarity terminals. Based on this, the present invention provides an insulating heat-conducting device, which can ensure good insulation performance between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal while also achieving excellent heat exchange performance between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal through multiple heat exchange zones.

[0396] Example 15

[0397] As shown in Figures 37 and 38, this embodiment provides a heat exchange tube assembly comprising a heat exchange tube and an insulating heat conducting device. The insulating heat conducting device 51 comprises a heat transfer rod 511 and N heat transfer posts 512, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The heat transfer rod 511 is an insulating member, configured to be inserted into a first through-slot 523 of a polarity terminal to exchange heat with the polarity terminal. Simultaneously, the heat transfer posts 512 are configured to be inserted into a blind hole 524 of the polarity terminal to also exchange heat with the polarity terminal. Furthermore, the heat transfer rod 511 is provided with a mounting portion along its axial direction for mounting the heat exchange tube 06. This mounting portion is a second through-slot 5111 or through-hole. The second through-slot 5111 or through-hole extends axially through the heat transfer rod 511. If the mounting portion is a second through-slot 5111, it facilitates mounting the heat exchange tube. If the mounting portion is a through-hole, the heat exchange area between the heat transfer rod 511 and the heat exchange tube 06 is larger, resulting in a better heat exchange effect.

[0398] Since the above-mentioned insulating heat-conducting device 51 includes a heat-conducting rod 511 and N heat-conducting columns 512 perpendicularly arranged on the heat-conducting rod 511, when the above-mentioned insulating heat-conducting device 51 is matched with the polarity terminal, the heat generated by the polarity terminal is heat-exchanged with the insulating heat-conducting device 51 through multiple heat exchange areas. The first heat exchange area is the area where the heat-conducting rod 511 contacts the first through-groove 523 of the polarity terminal, which mainly realizes heat exchange between the top of the polarity terminal and the heat-conducting rod 511. The second heat exchange area is the area where the heat-conducting column 512 contacts the blind hole 524 of the polarity terminal, which mainly realizes heat exchange between the center of the polarity terminal and the heat-conducting column 512. The two heat exchange areas increase the heat exchange area between the insulating heat-conducting device 51 and the polarity terminal, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal, and thereby improving the temperature control effect of the single battery 01.

[0399] The number of heat-conducting posts 512 on the heat-conducting rod 511 can be set according to actual needs, and can be 1, 2, ... N, specifically corresponding to the number of single cells 01 used with the insulating heat-conducting device 51. In specific use: as shown in FIG37 , if there is only one heat-conducting post 512, the insulating heat-conducting device 51 can achieve thermal insulation between a single single cell 01 and the heat exchange tube 06; as shown in FIG38 , if there are multiple heat-conducting posts 512, the insulating heat-conducting device 51 can achieve thermal insulation between multiple single cells 01 and the heat exchange tube 06.

[0400] As can be seen from the above structure, the insulating heat-conducting device 51 not only achieves insulation and heat conduction between a single battery cell 01 and the heat exchange tube 06, but also between multiple battery cells 01 and the heat exchange tube 06. It should be noted that the insulating heat-conducting device 51 comprises multiple heat-conducting posts 512. When used in conjunction with the polarity terminals of multiple battery cells 01 to achieve insulation and heat conduction, the arrangement and dimensions of each heat-conducting post 512 on the heat-conducting rod 511 must be strictly controlled. Otherwise, when assembled with multiple battery cells 01, some heat-conducting posts 512 may not fit into the blind holes 524. Furthermore, fabricating multiple heat-conducting posts 512 on the heat-conducting rod 511 is relatively costly and difficult.

[0401] Therefore, in this embodiment, the preferred solution is that each heat conduction rod 511 is provided with a heat conduction column 512, which is used in conjunction with only one polarity terminal; at this time, if it is necessary to achieve insulated heat exchange between multiple polarity terminals and the heat exchange tube 06, an insulating heat conducting device 51 can be correspondingly provided on each polarity terminal.

[0402] When installing the insulating heat-conducting device 51 of this embodiment, the heat-conducting rod 511 is specifically installed in conjunction with the first through-slot 523 on the polarity terminal. To ensure heat conduction efficiency, the cross-sectional shape of the heat-conducting rod 511 is preferably consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the first through-slot 523 on the polarity terminal. At the same time, the length of the heat-conducting rod 511 must be no less than the length of the first through-slot 523 on the polarity terminal to ensure that the heat exchange tube 06 does not contact the polarity terminals of other batteries.

[0403] When the heat transfer rod 511 is provided with a second through-slot 5111 for receiving the heat exchange tube 06, the second through-slot 5111 extends along the length of the heat transfer rod 511. The cross-section of the second through-slot 5111 can be designed to be U-shaped or C-shaped. The C-shaped second through-slot has natural tension at the opening, facilitating the installation of the heat exchange tube 06 and helping to more tightly secure the heat exchange tube 06 within the second through-slot, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube 06. Furthermore, to ensure effective heat exchange between the heat transfer rod 511 and the polarity terminal, the remaining groove or wall thickness of the heat transfer rod 511 after the second through-slot 5111 or through-hole is fabricated should be relatively thin, with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm being the optimal thickness.

[0404] When the insulating heat-conducting device 51 of this embodiment is installed, the heat-conducting column 512 is embedded in the blind hole 524 of the polarity terminal, achieving heat exchange with the center of the polarity terminal. The heat-conducting column 512 is specifically arranged perpendicular to the heat-conducting rod 511. The heat-conducting column 512 can be a cylindrical or rectangular column. To ensure heat conduction efficiency, the shape of the heat-conducting column 512 is preferably consistent with the shape of the blind hole 524 on the polarity terminal. At the same time, the heat-conducting column 512 and the blind hole 524 are in a transition or interference fit, so that the heat-conducting column 512 is tightly embedded in the blind hole 524, thereby achieving heat exchange with the center of the polarity terminal. To balance thermal conductivity and installability, the heat-conducting column 512 and the blind hole 524 are preferably in a transition fit.

[0405] The heat transfer rod 511 and heat transfer column 512 can be formed simultaneously or separately and then assembled. For an integrated structure, they can be manufactured using methods such as 3D printing. For a separate structure, a slot similar in shape to the cross-section of the heat transfer rod 511 can be machined into the top of the heat transfer column 512, and the bottom of the heat transfer rod 511 can be snapped into this slot. In this embodiment, the heat transfer rod 511 and the heat transfer column 512 are preferably formed as a single piece. This integrated structure facilitates fabrication and assembly, and eliminates any heat transfer gaps between the heat transfer rod and the heat transfer column, resulting in improved heat transfer compared to separate components.

[0406] The insulating heat-conducting device 51 provided in this embodiment not only needs to realize heat exchange between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal, but also needs to realize reliable insulation between the two. Therefore, the above-mentioned heat conduction rod 511 and heat conduction column 512 need to be insulated.

[0407] If the heat conducting rod 511 and the heat conducting column 512 are an integrated structure, insulation can be achieved by the following methods:

[0408] First, the whole is made of thermally conductive insulating materials, for example, thermally conductive ceramic materials;

[0409] Second, the entire device 51 is made of a heat-conducting metal with good thermal conductivity, and then an insulating layer is formed on the surface of the entire insulating heat-conducting device 51, for example, by spraying insulating paint or performing oxidation treatment to form an insulating layer.

[0410] If the heat conducting rod 511 and the heat conducting column 512 are of a separate structure, insulation can be achieved by the following methods:

[0411] First, the heat conduction rod 511 is made of a heat-conducting insulating material, and the heat conduction column 512 is made of a material with good heat conduction performance. For example, the heat conduction rod 511 is made of heat-conducting ceramics; the heat conduction column 512 is made of a metal with good heat conduction performance.

[0412] Second, the heat conduction rod 511 and the heat conduction column 512 are both made of heat-conducting insulating materials, such as heat-conducting ceramics.

[0413] Example 16

[0414] This embodiment provides a single cell battery, which includes a battery shell and an electrode assembly arranged in the battery shell. The battery shell includes an upper cover, a lower cover and a cylinder. The upper cover is provided with a pole for leading the current of the single cell. The pole includes a positive pole and a negative pole. At this time, the pole of the single cell is a polarity terminal. A first through groove and a blind hole are provided on the polarity terminal (i.e., the pole). The first through groove extends along the width direction of each single cell, and the blind hole extends along the height direction of the single cell and is connected to the first through groove.

[0415] Example 17

[0416] As shown in Figures 39 to 41, this embodiment provides a large-capacity battery, which includes a shell 03, multiple single cells 01 and a pole adapter 8. Multiple single cells 01 are connected in parallel, and each single cell 01 is installed in the shell 03. The top of the shell 03 is provided with a pole avoidance hole 214 from which the poles of each single cell 01 extend. The poles of each single cell 01 are connected to the pole adapter 8 through the pole avoidance hole 214. At the same time, a shared chamber is provided in the shell 03 to enable at least one of the gas area and electrolyte area of ​​each of the above-mentioned single cells 01 to communicate with each other. In this embodiment, the single cell 01 takes a square shell battery as an example to illustrate the structure of the large-capacity battery. The single cell 01 includes a battery shell and an electrode assembly arranged in the battery shell. The battery shell includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a cylinder. The upper cover plate is provided with a positive pole and a negative pole for leading the current of the single cell 01. The specific structure of the large-capacity battery is as follows:

[0417] 1) Each single battery is installed in a housing, which includes an outer cylinder, an upper cover, and a lower cover. The top and bottom of the outer cylinder are open. The upper cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the outer cylinder. The upper cover has a terminal avoidance hole that allows each single battery terminal to extend. The lower cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the bottom of the outer cylinder. The lower cover has a shared chamber.

[0418] 2) As shown in Figures 39 to 40, each single battery 01 is installed in an outer shell 03, which includes an outer cylinder, a front cover, and a rear cover. The front and rear of the outer cylinder are open, the front cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front of the outer cylinder, and the rear cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear of the outer cylinder. The top of the outer cylinder is provided with a pole avoidance hole 214 that allows the poles of each single battery 01 to extend, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is provided with a shared chamber.

[0419] 3) Each single cell is installed in a shell, which includes a U-shaped shell, a first cover plate, a third cover plate, and a second cover plate; the first cover plate and the third cover plate respectively cover the two opposite open ends of the U-shaped shell; the second cover plate covers the open end at the top of the U-shaped shell and is sealed with the open end, and a pole avoidance hole is provided on the second cover plate to allow the poles of each single cell to extend out, and a shared chamber is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped shell.

[0420] As shown in Figures 40 and 41 , in the aforementioned high-capacity battery, after each cell 01 is installed in the housing 03 and the terminal 321 of each cell 01 extends out of the terminal avoidance hole 214, due to the height limitations of the existing cell 01 terminals, it is impossible to reliably connect multiple cells in parallel, nor is it possible to install the heat exchange tube 06. Therefore, a terminal adapter 8 is connected to the terminal of each cell 01. In this case, the terminal adapter 8 serves as the polarity terminal of each cell 01. Each polarity terminal of each cell 01 (i.e., the terminal adapter 8) is provided with a first through-slot 523 and a blind hole 524. The first through-slot 523 extends along the direction of the arrangement of the cells 01, while the blind hole 524 extends along the height of the cells 01 and is connected to the first through-slot 523. When connecting the terminal adapter 8 to the terminal of the cell 01, the bottom of the blind hole can be welded to the terminal 321 of the cell 01 to achieve the connection.

[0421] To control the temperature of each cell in the aforementioned high-capacity battery, the insulating heat-conducting device 51 of Example 15 is installed on the terminal adapter 8 of each cell 01. The heat-conducting rod 511 and the heat-conducting column 512 are respectively embedded in the first through-slot 523 and the blind hole 524. Simultaneously, the heat exchange tube 06 is embedded in the first through-slot 523 of the insulating heat-conducting device 51 to dissipate the heat generated at the terminal 321 of each cell 01. Furthermore, thermally conductive adhesive may be applied between the heat-conducting rod 511 and the first through-slot 523, and between the heat-conducting column 512 and the blind hole 524, to improve heat transfer efficiency.

[0422] When the aforementioned multiple large-capacity batteries form an energy storage system, the temperature of the large-capacity batteries in the entire energy storage system is controlled by a temperature control system. The energy storage system includes multiple battery packs, each of which includes multiple large-capacity batteries connected in series. The temperature control system includes a heat exchange tube 06, a secondary manifold, a primary manifold, and a temperature control device. The heat exchange tube 06 is mounted to an insulating heat-conducting device 51, which is mounted on the pole adapter 8 of each single battery cell 01. The heat exchange tube 06 contains a heat transfer medium to process the heat generated by each single cell in the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange tube 06 on the large-capacity battery in each battery pack is connected in parallel to the secondary manifold via two quick connectors. The secondary manifolds of multiple battery packs are connected in parallel to the primary manifold, and the primary manifold is connected to the temperature control device.

[0423] Example 18

[0424] As shown in FIG42 , this embodiment provides a large-capacity battery comprising a plurality of parallel-connected single cells 01 and a hollow member 55 , wherein at least one of the gas region and the electrolyte region of each single cell 01 is interconnected through the hollow member 55 . The specific structure of the large-capacity battery is as follows:

[0425] 1) As shown in FIG42 , the individual cells 01 are connected to form a hollow member 55 through sub-pipelines provided on the lower cover of the individual cells 01. The inner cavity of the hollow member 55 forms a shared chamber, so that the individual cells 01 are in the same electrolyte system. For details, please refer to patent CN219144456U;

[0426] 2) Each single cell has an opening on its battery housing. A hollow member serves as a main conduit, which is connected to the openings on the battery housing of each single cell via branch lines. The inner cavity of the hollow member serves as a shared chamber, so that each single cell is in the same electrolyte system. For details, see patent CN218957802U.

[0427] 3) Each single cell has an opening on its battery casing. The hollow member is a split structure, mainly consisting of a hollow box with one end open and a cover for covering the opening. The inner cavity of the hollow member is a shared chamber, so that each single cell is in the same electrolyte system. For details, please refer to patent CN116111201A.

[0428] The cells in this embodiment employ the cells provided in Example 16. The post 321 of each cell 01 is provided with a first through-slot 523 and a blind hole 524. The first through-slot 523 extends along the arrangement of the cells 01, while the blind hole 524 extends along the height of the cells 01 and connects to the first through-slot 523. The insulating heat-conducting device 51 of Example 15 is provided on the post 321 of each cell 01. The heat-conducting rod 511 and the heat-conducting column 512 are respectively embedded in the first through-slot 523 and the blind hole 524. Meanwhile, the heat exchange tube 06 is embedded in the second through-slot 5111 of the insulating heat-conducting device 51 to dissipate heat generated at the post 321 of each cell 01. Furthermore, thermally conductive adhesive may be applied between the heat-conducting rod 511 and the first through-slot 523, and between the heat-conducting column 512 and the blind hole 524, to improve heat transfer efficiency.

[0429] When the aforementioned multiple large-capacity batteries form an energy storage system, the temperature of the large-capacity batteries in the entire energy storage system is controlled by a temperature control system. The energy storage system includes multiple battery packs, each of which includes multiple large-capacity batteries connected in series. The temperature control system includes a heat exchange tube 06, a secondary manifold, a primary manifold, and a temperature control device. The heat exchange tube 06 is mounted to an insulating heat-conducting device 51, which is mounted on the pole of each single battery cell 01. The heat exchange tube 06 contains a heat transfer medium to process the heat generated by each single cell in the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange tube 06 on the large-capacity battery in each battery pack is connected in parallel to the secondary manifold via two quick connectors. The secondary manifolds of multiple battery packs are connected in parallel to the primary manifold, and the primary manifold is connected to the temperature control device.

[0430] During the battery charging and discharging process, the battery itself generates a large amount of heat. If the battery is not cooled in time, the performance of the battery will decline. At present, liquid cooling is mainly used to cool the battery. When cooling the battery by liquid cooling, a heat exchange tube is generally used to exchange heat with the battery polarity terminal. The heat exchange tube contains a heat-conducting medium. The heat exchange tube is connected to a temperature control device, and the temperature control device processes the heat transferred by the heat exchange tube to control the temperature of the single cell within the optimal range. The above-mentioned polarity terminal can be the pole of the single cell, or it can be a pole adapter connected to the pole of the single cell. In order to ensure the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal, the above-mentioned heat exchange tube generally adopts a metal tube with good thermal conductivity. Therefore, when the above-mentioned heat exchange tube contacts the polarity terminal, a through groove is generally provided on the polarity terminal, and the heat exchange tube is installed in the through groove. Under this heat treatment method, good thermal conductivity needs to be achieved between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal.

[0431] Examples 19 to 21 provide a heat exchange tube assembly comprising a heat exchange tube and a pressure plate. The pressure plate is connected to the polarity terminals of each single cell, enabling reliable parallel connection of multiple single cells. The pressure plate cooperates with the polarity terminals to securely and tightly fit the heat exchange tube within the through-slots of the polarity terminals, improving the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminals. Furthermore, the pressure plate is positioned above the heat exchange tube to protect the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminals, particularly the insulating pads and insulating sleeves between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminals, thereby improving the safety of the single cells during use.

[0432] Example 19

[0433] As shown in Figures 43 and 44, this embodiment is a pressure plate. The pressure plate 61 cooperates with the polarity terminal 45 to achieve parallel connection between the individual battery cells 01 and reliably compress the heat exchange tube 06 within the through-slot 6213 of the polarity terminal 45. As shown in Figures 43 and 44, the pressure plate 61 specifically includes a pressing portion 611 and a fixing portion 612. The bottom of the pressing portion 611 has an arcuate surface 6111, which is used to cooperate with the through-slot 6213 on the polarity terminal 45 to compress the heat exchange tube 06 within the through-slot 6213. The fixing portions 612 are provided on both sides of the pressing portion 611 to secure the pressure plate 61 to the top of the polarity terminal 45.

[0434] The length of the pressure plate 61 can be determined based on the number of single cells 01. Its length corresponds to the length of the polarity terminals 45 of all the single cells 01 in the large-capacity battery in the arrangement direction. Once connected to the polarity terminals 45 of each single cell 01, the pressure plate 61 serves two purposes: First, it connects to the polarity terminals 45 of multiple single cells 01, enabling reliable parallel connection between the single cells 01. Since the pressure plate 61 only needs to connect to the polarity terminals 45 of each single cell 01 in the same large-capacity battery to achieve parallel connection between the single cells 01, during on-site installation, adjacent large-capacity batteries or battery packs are connected via a separately provided conductive connecting plate. Therefore, the pressure plate does not need to account for installation errors between adjacent large-capacity batteries or battery packs, resulting in lower installation requirements. Second, the pressing plate 61 presses the heat exchange tube 06 tightly into the through groove of the polarity terminal 45 , enabling the heat exchange tube 06 to be in close contact with the through groove 6213 of the polarity terminal 45 , with almost no heat conduction gap between the two, thereby increasing the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45 .

[0435] As shown in Figure 44, in this embodiment, the bottom of the pressing portion 611 has a curved surface 6111. The cross-sectional shape of the curved surface 6111 when combined with the through-slot 6213 is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange tube 06, thereby tightly fitting the heat exchange tube 06 within the through-slot 6213 of the polarity terminal 45. The heat exchange tube 06 is generally a circular metal tube. Therefore, the cavity formed by the pressing portion 611 and the through-slot 6213 is generally a circular cavity. At the same time, since the heat exchange tube 06 cooperates with the polarity terminal 45 to exchange heat, most of the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06 needs to be embedded in the through groove 6213. At this time, the central angle corresponding to the arc surface 6111 of the above-mentioned pressing portion 611 is generally between 90° and 180°, which is the best. If the central angle corresponding to the arc surface 6111 of the pressing portion 611 is greater than 180°, the contact area between the heat exchange tube 06 and the through groove 6213 of the polarity terminal 45 is small, resulting in poor heat transfer effect. If the central angle corresponding to the arc surface 6111 of the pressing portion 611 is less than 90 degrees, the contact area between the pressure plate 61 and the heat exchange tube 06 is small, resulting in the pressure plate 61 being unable to reliably apply force to the heat exchange tube 06, and the pressing force is insufficient.

[0436] In addition, the distance between the arc vertex of the above-mentioned pressing portion 611 and the polarity terminal 45 is less than or equal to the maximum dimension of the heat exchange tube 06 protruding from the polarity terminal 45. Since the above-mentioned heat exchange tube 06 is generally a round tube, the arc surface 6111 of the pressing portion 611 is a circular arc surface. At this time, the arc surface radius of the pressing portion 611 is preferably less than or equal to the radius of the heat exchange tube 06. This method can ensure that there is almost no heat transfer gap between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45. The heat exchange tube 06 is pressed and tightly fitted in the through groove 6213. The heat conduction effect between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45 is better, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0437] The pressure plate 61 in this embodiment is generally made of conductive metal materials, such as silver, copper, aluminum and the like. In this embodiment, the pressure plate 61 is made of copper foil, which not only has good conductivity but also good ductility, and can tightly press the heat exchange tube 06 into the through groove at the polar end.

[0438] As shown in Figure 44 , the pressing portion 611 in this embodiment is a curved plate of uniform wall thickness, while the fixing portion 612 is a flat plate. The curved plate and the flat plates on either side are integrated into a single structure, making this structure easy to manufacture and process, as well as to install. During manufacture, the pressing plate 61 can be stamped from a single sheet of sheet metal or formed in a single step through extrusion. Furthermore, the thickness of the pressing plate 61 is typically 0.5 mm to 1 mm, ensuring both installation strength and reliable installation of the heat exchange tube 06.

[0439] As shown in Figures 43 and 44, the fixing portion 612 in this embodiment is provided with a through hole 6121 connected to the polarity terminal 45, so that the pressure plate 61 is connected to the polarity terminal 45 by screws. The screw connection method is easier to connect than other welding, riveting or bonding methods, and the structure is simpler. More preferably, the screw hole in this embodiment can be set to a long strip shape. The setting of the long strip hole can make up for the dimensional error when multiple single cells 01 are connected in parallel, thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0440] Example 20

[0441] As shown in Figures 45 and 46, this embodiment is a large-capacity battery, which includes multiple single cells 01, a shell 03, a heat exchange tube 06, and the pressure plate of Example 19. Multiple single cells 01 are placed side by side in the shell 03. The shell 03 is provided with a shared chamber 632 to enable at least one of the gas area and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell 01 to communicate with each other. A pole avoidance hole 214 is opened on the top of the shell 03 corresponding to the pole 321 of each single cell 01; the pole of each single cell 01 is connected to the pole adapter 8 through the pole avoidance hole 214 (the pole avoidance hole 214 serves as a channel for connecting the pole of the single cell to the pole adapter. In one case, the pole extends out of the shell and is connected to the pole adapter, and in another case, the pole adapter extends into the shell and is connected to the pole). The specific structure of the large-capacity battery at this time is as follows:

[0442] 1) Each single battery is installed in a housing, which includes an outer cylinder, an upper cover, and a lower cover. The top and bottom of the outer cylinder are open. The upper cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the outer cylinder. The upper cover has a terminal avoidance hole that allows each single battery terminal to extend. The lower cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the bottom of the outer cylinder. The lower cover has a shared chamber.

[0443] 2) Each single battery cell is installed in a housing, which includes a U-shaped housing, a first cover, a third cover, and a second cover; the first cover and the third cover respectively cover the two opposite open ends of the U-shaped housing; the second cover covers the top open end of the U-shaped housing and is sealed to the open end. The second cover is provided with a pole avoidance hole that allows each single battery pole to extend, and a shared chamber is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped housing;

[0444] 3) As shown in Figures 45 and 46 , each single battery cell 01 is installed in a housing 03, which includes an outer cylinder, a front cover, and a rear cover. The front and rear portions of the outer cylinder are open, the front cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front portion of the outer cylinder, and the rear cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear portion of the outer cylinder. The top portion of the outer cylinder is provided with a terminal avoidance hole 214 that allows the terminal 321 of each single battery cell 01 to extend, and the bottom portion of the outer cylinder is provided with a shared chamber 632.

[0445] As shown in Figures 45 and 46 , in the aforementioned high-capacity battery, after each cell 01 is installed in the housing 03, the terminal 321 of each cell 01 extends through the terminal avoidance hole 214 and is then connected to the terminal adapter 8. The terminal adapter 8 has a blind welding hole. During connection, the bottom of the blind hole is welded to the terminal 321 to achieve the connection. Subsequently, a heat exchange tube 06 is installed on the terminal adapter 8 of each cell 01 and inserted into the through-slot 6213 of the terminal adapter 8 of each cell 01. Finally, the pressure plate 61 of Example 19 is attached to the terminal adapter 8 of each cell 01. The pressure plate 61 and the terminal adapter 8 are secured with screws to achieve parallel connection between the cells. When multiple high-capacity batteries are connected in series, a conductive connecting plate is attached to the terminal adapter 8 of some cells 01 to connect adjacent high-capacity batteries in series.

[0446] After installation, the pressure plate 61 can also compress the heat exchange tube 06 into the through-slot 6213 of the pole adapter 8. The heat exchange tube 06 is used to transfer heat generated by each single cell 01 and control the temperature of the high-capacity battery. Furthermore, if the heat exchange tube 06 is a metal tube, an insulating sleeve 313 or an insulating layer can be applied to the outer wall of the metal tube to provide insulation between the metal tube and the pole adapter 8 and the pressure plate 61. Furthermore, an insulating pad 66 can be placed between the pressure plate 61 and the heat exchange tube 06 to further ensure insulation between the metal tube and the pressure plate 61.

[0447] Example 21

[0448] As shown in FIG47 , this embodiment is a large-capacity battery comprising a plurality of single cells 01, a hollow member 55, a heat exchange tube 06, and the pressure plate of Example 19. At least one of the gas region and the electrolyte region of each single cell 01 is interconnected through the hollow member 55. The specific structure of the large-capacity battery is as follows:

[0449] 1) Each single cell is connected to form a hollow component through a sub-pipeline provided on the lower cover of the single cell. The inner cavity of the hollow component forms a shared chamber so that each single cell is in the same electrolyte system. For details, please refer to patent CN219144456U;

[0450] 2) Each single cell has an opening on its battery housing. A hollow member serves as a main conduit, which is connected to the openings on the battery housing of each single cell via branch lines. The inner cavity of the hollow member serves as a shared chamber, so that each single cell is in the same electrolyte system. For details, see patent CN218957802U.

[0451] 3) As shown in FIG47 , an opening is provided on the battery casing of each single cell 01, and the hollow member 55 is a split structure, mainly consisting of a hollow box body with an open end and a cover plate for covering the open end; the inner cavity of the hollow member 55 is a shared chamber so that each single cell 01 is in the same electrolyte system. For details, please refer to patent CN116111201A.

[0452] In the aforementioned high-capacity battery, a heat exchange tube 06 is installed on the pole 321 (i.e., the polarity terminal) of each single cell 01. The heat exchange tube 06 is disposed within the through slot 6213 of the pole 321 of each single cell 01. Finally, the pressure plate 61 of Example 19 is connected to the pole 321 of each single cell 01. The pressure plate 61 and the pole 321 are fixed by screws to achieve parallel connection between the single cells 01. When multiple high-capacity batteries are connected in series, a conductive connecting plate is connected to the pole 321 of some of the single cells 01 to achieve series connection between adjacent high-capacity batteries. Alternatively, a conductive connecting plate is connected to the pressure plate 61 to achieve series connection between adjacent high-capacity batteries.

[0453] After installation, the pressure plate 61 can also compress the heat exchange tube 06 into the through-slot 6213 of the pole 321. The heat exchange tube 06 is used to transfer heat generated by each single cell 01 and control the temperature of the high-capacity battery. Furthermore, if the heat exchange tube 06 is a metal tube, an insulating sleeve 313 or an insulating layer can be applied to the outer wall of the metal tube to provide insulation between the metal tube and the pole adapter 8 and the pressure plate 61. Furthermore, an insulating pad can be placed between the pressure plate 61 and the heat exchange tube 06 to further ensure insulation between the metal tube and the pressure plate 61.

[0454] During the charging and discharging process of large-capacity batteries, a large amount of heat is generated. If the large-capacity batteries are not cooled in time, the performance of the large-capacity batteries will decline. At present, liquid cooling is mainly used to cool large-capacity batteries. When cooling large-capacity batteries by liquid cooling, heat exchange tubes are generally used to exchange heat with large-capacity batteries. The heat exchange tubes contain a heat-conducting medium. The heat exchange tubes are connected to a heat treatment device. The heat treatment device processes the heat of the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchange tubes. The heat treatment device is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, which is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchange tubes. For example, the heat treatment device is a heater, a cold and warm machine, or a refrigerator with a compressor, a chiller, etc.

[0455] When installed, the heat exchange tubes are specifically placed on the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, for direct heat exchange with the large-capacity battery terminals. To ensure efficient heat exchange between the heat exchange tubes and the large-capacity battery, the heat exchange tubes are generally made of metal tubes with good thermal conductivity. The heat transfer medium in the heat exchange tubes is a liquid medium, which can be water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc. When the heat exchange tubes are in contact with the polarity terminals for heat exchange, insulation must be provided between the heat exchange tubes and the large-capacity battery terminals. If the insulation between the two is poor, installing the heat exchange tubes on the large-capacity battery terminals can cause a battery short circuit, posing a safety hazard.

[0456] Based on this, Examples 22 to 26 provide a heat exchange tube assembly, which is a heat exchange tube with an enamel insulation layer, which is installed on the polarity terminals of a large-capacity battery so that the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery have reliable insulation performance when exchanging heat with the heat exchange tube.

[0457] Example 22

[0458] As shown in Figures 48 and 49, this embodiment provides a heat exchange tube assembly. The heat exchange tube assembly 36 specifically includes a heat exchange tube 06, which is a metal tube having an enamel insulation layer 722 formed on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 06. When the large-capacity battery 71 is in operation, the enamel insulation layer 722 can reliably insulate the heat exchange tube 06 from the polarity terminals 45 of the large-capacity battery 71. Furthermore, the enamel insulation layer 722 ensures good heat exchange performance after the heat exchange tube 06 contacts the polarity terminals 45. Furthermore, the enamel insulation layer 722 has excellent wear resistance and is not easily detached or damaged during transportation, installation, and use, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery during use.

[0459] The heat exchange tube 06 is a heat exchange pipe, primarily contacting the polarity terminals 45 of the large-capacity battery 71 for heat exchange. The cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange tube 06 is not critical, as long as it can contact the polarity terminals 45 of the single battery 01 for heat exchange. For example, square tubes, oval tubes, round tubes, etc. can be used. In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 06 is preferably a round tube, as it is easy to install and can be made from existing metal pipes, which is relatively low-cost.

[0460] The heat exchange tube 06 in this embodiment specifically adopts a metal tube with good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum tube, a copper tube, etc. Preferably, the heat exchange tube 06 adopts an aluminum tube with good thermal conductivity and relatively low cost. In order to ensure the thermal conductivity, the thinner the wall thickness of the aluminum tube, the better. However, if the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is too thin, the aluminum tube is relatively soft and easily bends and breaks during installation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is preferably 0.5mm to 1.5mm. The aluminum tube with this wall thickness can maintain its installation reliability while having good thermal conductivity, avoiding the risk of easy bending and damage when the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is thin. In actual use, the diameter of the aluminum tube is generally about 10mm to 20mm.

[0461] The heat exchange tube 06 can be manufactured in the following manner:

[0462] First, the heat exchange tube 06 can be made of a whole tube. The whole aluminum tube is bent into a U-shaped tube. The two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are respectively fixed to the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of each single cell 01 in the large-capacity battery 71;

[0463] Second, as shown in Figures 48 and 49, the heat exchange tube 06 is a spliced ​​tube, mainly including an L-shaped first tube section and a second tube section. The first tube section is fixed to the first polarity terminal of each single cell 01 in the large-capacity battery 71; the second tube section is fixed to the second polarity terminal of each single cell 01 in the large-capacity battery 71. The relatively short tube sections of the first tube 481 and the second tube 482 are connected by a joint.

[0464] Third, as shown in Figure 51, for ease of installation, the heat exchange tube 06 is a spliced ​​tube, primarily comprising a first tube 481, a second tube 482, and a connecting tube 483. The first tube 481 is secured to the first polarity terminal of each cell 01 within the high-capacity battery 71; the second tube 482 is secured to the second polarity terminal of each cell 01 within the high-capacity battery 71. The ends of the connecting tube 483 are connected to the ports on the same side of the first and second tubes 481 and 482, respectively. Furthermore, the connecting tube 483 in this spliced ​​tube can be insulated to further enhance the heat exchange tube's insulation performance.

[0465] The sidewalls of the heat exchange tube 06 that contact the polarity terminals 45 of the high-capacity battery 71 are provided with an enamel insulation layer 722. When the aluminum tube is provided with the enamel insulation layer 722, the enamel insulation layer 722 is molded onto the outer wall of the aluminum tube, forming an integral structure with the aluminum tube. The enamel insulation layer 722 is formed on the heat exchange tube 06 by condensing an inorganic glassy material onto the outer wall of the metal tube through a high-temperature melting process, firmly bonding to the outer wall of the metal tube. The formation of the enamel insulation layer 722 on the outer wall of the metal tube imparts excellent properties such as high hardness, high temperature resistance, wear resistance, and insulation.

[0466] The thicker the enamel insulation layer 722, the better the insulation performance. However, its thermal conductivity will be reduced. In this embodiment, the thickness of the enamel insulation layer 722 is preferably 100 μm to 300 μm. This thickness ensures insulation performance while also providing good thermal conductivity for the aluminum tube sidewall. Furthermore, the enamel insulation layer 722 is not easily detached and has better wear resistance.

[0467] When providing the enamel insulation layer 722 on the heat exchange tube 06, the enamel insulation layer 722 can be provided only on the portion of the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06 that contacts the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01, as shown in FIG49 . Alternatively, the enamel insulation layer 722 can be provided on the entire heat exchange tube 06, as shown in FIG48 . When the enamel insulation layer 722 is provided on a portion of the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06, the processing and forming process of the enamel insulation layer 722 is relatively complicated. In addition, when the heat exchange tube 06 formed in this manner is used in conjunction with the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01, attention must be paid to its installation position to avoid connecting the heat exchange tube 06 without the enamel insulation layer 722 to the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01, which may create a short circuit risk. Therefore, relatively speaking, it is a relatively better method to set the enamel insulation layer 722 on the outer wall of the entire heat exchange tube 06. This setting method not only makes the molding of the enamel insulation layer 722 relatively simple, but also, when the heat exchange tube 06 of this structure is installed with the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01, there is no need to consider the installation error between the enamel insulation layer 722 and the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01, and the on-site installation of the heat exchange tube 06 is relatively convenient.

[0468] Example 23

[0469] As shown in Figure 50, in this embodiment, to ensure reliable insulation, an insulating sleeve 313 is provided on the outer side of the heat exchange tube 06 having the enamel insulation layer 722 in Example 22, thereby forming double insulation on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 06. This double insulation arrangement ensures that even if the enamel insulation layer 722 is damaged during heat exchange between the heat exchange tube 06 and the large-capacity battery 71, reliable insulation performance can be maintained between the heat exchange tube 06 and the large-capacity battery 71, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 71 during use.

[0470] The insulating sleeve 313 can be made of an insulating material with good thermal conductivity, ensuring both excellent thermal conductivity and good insulation. In this embodiment, the insulating sleeve 313 is made of a thermally conductive plastic or rubber sleeve with excellent insulation and thermal conductivity, such as a thermally conductive silicone sleeve. Theoretically, a thinner insulating sleeve 313 improves thermal conductivity. However, while ensuring thermal conductivity, insulation performance must also be maintained. The thicker the insulating sleeve 313, the more reliable the insulation performance. Balancing thermal conductivity and insulation performance, the insulating sleeve 313 in this embodiment is preferably 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm thick, with 1 mm being the most preferred thickness. This thickness ensures both excellent insulation and good thermal conductivity. The insulating sleeve 313 can have a circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped cross-section, as long as it can fit over the heat exchange tube 06 with the enamel insulation layer 722 and provide insulation at the interface between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminals 45 of the battery cells 01. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the insulating sleeve 313 is preferably the same as that of the heat exchange tube 06 , so that the insulating sleeve 313 can be tightly nested on the heat exchange tube 06 to improve the thermal conductivity of the heat exchange tube 06 .

[0471] When the insulating sleeve 313 is installed and matched with the heat exchange tube 06, the size of the insulating sleeve 313 is set slightly smaller than the size of the heat exchange tube 06 so that the insulating sleeve 313 is tightly nested on the heat exchange tube 06 with the enamel insulation layer. Alternatively, the insulating sleeve 313 can be heat-shrunk onto the heat exchange tube 06 with the enamel insulation layer. In this embodiment, the preferred method is to heat-shrunk the insulating sleeve 313 onto the heat exchange tube 06 with the enamel insulation layer. For example, a polytetrafluoroethylene sleeve, a silicone sleeve, etc. can be heat-shrunk onto the aluminum tube with the enamel insulation layer 722 to form a polytetrafluoroethylene heat-shrinkable aluminum tube or a silicone heat-shrinkable aluminum tube. This installation method can ensure that there is almost no heat conduction gap between the insulating sleeve 313 and the heat exchange tube 06, and the heat conduction effect of the insulating sleeve 313 is better.

[0472] Example 24

[0473] As shown in Figures 51 to 53, this embodiment provides a large-capacity battery 71. The large-capacity battery 71 includes a housing 03 and multiple single cells 01 arranged and positioned in the same direction within the housing 03. The single cells 01 in this embodiment are prismatic batteries, and the number can be adjusted based on actual needs. The internal cavity of each single cell 01 includes an electrolyte region and a gas region. After the multiple single cells 01 are arranged and positioned in the same direction within the housing 03, a pole avoidance hole 214 is defined on the top plate of the housing 03, corresponding to the polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01. The polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01 extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 214 and serves as the polarity terminal 45 of the large-capacity battery 71 (the polarity terminal 45 of all single cells 01 on one side serves as the first polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 71, while the polarity terminal 45 of all single cells 01 on the other side serves as the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 71). The area of ​​the top plate of the housing 03 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 214 is securely sealed to the housing of the single cell 01. The housing 03 is provided with a shared cavity, and the inner cavity of the shared cavity is connected to the inner cavities of all the single batteries 01 .

[0474] It should be noted that, as shown in Figures 51 and 52 , the polarity terminal 45 of the single cell 01 here can be the pole of the single cell 01. To prevent the pole of the single cell 01 from being unable to smoothly extend out of the pole avoidance hole 214 as the polarity terminal 45, a pole adapter can be connected to the pole of the single cell 01, and the entire structure of the pole of the single cell 01 and the pole adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 45 of the single cell 01, as shown in Figure 53.

[0475] The shared chamber can be a shared electrolyte chamber 04. The interior of shared electrolyte chamber 04 communicates with the electrolyte areas within all individual cells 01. This shared electrolyte chamber 04 provides each individual cell 01 with a uniform electrolyte environment, ensuring electrolyte uniformity within each cell 01 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of high-capacity battery 71. In this embodiment, shared electrolyte chamber 04 is a liquid channel disposed between the bottom plate of housing 03 and the bottom of each individual cell 01.

[0476] The shared chamber can also be a gas chamber 05. The inner cavity of the gas chamber 05 communicates with the gas areas within the inner cavities of all the individual cells 01. This gas chamber 05 achieves gas balance within each individual cell 01, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 71. In this embodiment, the gas chamber 05 is a gas channel provided on the top plate of the outer shell 03. In this case, the top plate of the outer shell 03 is provided with a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the individual cells 01, forming a gas channel at the protrusion.

[0477] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​the inner cavity of all single cells 01. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each single cell 01 can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 71.

[0478] A heat exchange tube clamping portion 47 is provided on each polarity terminal 45. The heat exchange tube 06 of Example 22 or Example 23 is secured within the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47, directly connecting the heat exchange tube 06 to the polarity terminal 45 of the large-capacity battery 71. This allows heat to be promptly removed from the polarity terminal 45, where heat is concentrated, improving the heat dissipation effect at the top of the large-capacity battery 71. In addition, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 71 falls below a set threshold, a higher-temperature heat-conducting medium is introduced into the heat exchange tube 06 to raise the temperature of the large-capacity battery 71. By controlling the temperature of the heat-conducting medium, the large-capacity battery 71 can be ensured to always operate at its normal operating temperature.

[0479] As shown in Figure 52, during the installation of the heat exchange tube 06, a through slot or through hole is provided at the location where the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 214, serving as the heat exchange tube clamping portion 47. Compared to a through hole, a through slot is more convenient for on-site installation and has relatively low installation requirements. The through slot is configured to have a C-shaped cross-section. The opening width of the C-shaped through slot is smaller than the widest point of the through slot. This design facilitates interference fit of the heat exchange tube 06 within the through slot. The arc formed at both ends of the C-shaped through slot has natural tension, which helps to tightly fit the heat exchange tube 06 within the through slot.

[0480] In this embodiment, the polarity terminal 45 of the single cell 01 is cylindrical. In this case, the through-slot can be provided on the side wall or end face of the cylinder. Providing a through-slot or through-hole on the side wall increases the contact area between the heat exchange tube 06 and the inner wall of the through-slot or through-hole compared to providing a through-slot on the end face, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, when the through-slot or through-hole is located on the side wall, the entire end face can serve as an electrical connection area. Furthermore, two through-slots or through-holes can be provided simultaneously on the side wall of the pole to increase the number of heat exchange tubes 06 placed, further improving heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchange tube 06 is fixed in the through-slot or through-hole of the polarity terminal 45 of the large-capacity battery 71 to handle the heat at the top of the large-capacity battery 71. This allows the large-capacity battery 71 to operate safely and reliably, avoiding performance and safety issues caused by excessively high or low temperatures in the large-capacity battery 71.

[0481] Example 25

[0482] As shown in FIG54 , based on the structure of the high-capacity battery 71 of Example 23 or Example 24, this embodiment adds a pressure plate 61 to the polarity terminal 45 of the high-capacity battery 71. This pressure plate 61 is connected to the polarity terminal 45 of each single battery cell 01, enabling reliable parallel connection of multiple single batteries 01. Simultaneously, this pressure plate 61 cooperates with the polarity terminal 45 to tightly and securely mount the heat exchange tube 06 within the through-slot of the polarity terminal 45, enhancing the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45. Furthermore, the pressure plate 61 is positioned above the heat exchange tube 06 to protect the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45, thereby enhancing the safety of the single battery cell 01 during use.

[0483] As shown in Figure 55, the pressure plate 61 specifically includes a clamping portion 611 and a fixing portion 612; the bottom of the clamping portion 611 has an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove on the polarity terminal 45 to press the heat exchange tube 06 into the through groove; the fixing portion 612 is arranged on both sides of the clamping portion 611 to fix the pressure plate 61 on the top of the polarity terminal 45.

[0484] The length of the pressure plate 61 can be determined based on the number of cells 01. Its length corresponds to the length of the polarity terminals 45 of all cells 01 in the high-capacity battery 71 along the arrangement direction. Once connected to the polarity terminals 45 of each cell 01, the pressure plate 61 has two functions: 1. It connects to the polarity terminals 45 of multiple cells 01, enabling reliable parallel connection between the cells 01. Since the pressure plate 61 only needs to connect to the polarity terminals 45 of each cell 01 in the same high-capacity battery 71, parallel connection between the cells 01 is sufficient. During on-site installation, adjacent large-capacity batteries 71 or battery packs are connected through separately provided electrical connectors. Therefore, the pressure plate 61 does not need to consider the installation errors between adjacent large-capacity batteries 71, and the installation requirements are relatively low. Secondly, the pressure plate 61 tightly presses the heat exchange tube 06 into the through groove of the polarity terminal 45, enabling the heat exchange tube 06 to be in close contact with the through groove of the polarity terminal 45, with almost no heat conduction gap between the two, thereby increasing the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45.

[0485] In this embodiment, the bottom of the pressing portion 611 has a curved surface. The cross-sectional shape of the curved surface when combined with the through-slot is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange tube 06, so that the heat exchange tube 06 is tightly attached to the through-slot of the polarity terminal 45. The heat exchange tube 06 is generally a metal circular tube. Therefore, the cavity formed by the pressing portion 611 and the through-slot is generally a circular cavity. At the same time, since the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45 cooperate to exchange heat, the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06 needs to be mostly embedded in the through-slot. In this case, the central angle corresponding to the curved surface of the pressing portion 611 is generally between 90° and 180°, which is generally the best. This configuration allows the side wall of the heat exchange tube 06 to be mostly embedded in the through-slot of the polarity terminal 45, increasing the contact area between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45, and further enhancing the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45. If the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the pressing portion 611 is greater than 180°, the contact area between the heat exchange tube 06 and the through groove of the polarity terminal 45 is small, resulting in poor heat transfer effect. If the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the pressing portion 611 is less than 90 degrees, the contact area between the pressure plate 61 and the heat exchange tube 06 is small, resulting in the pressure plate 61 being unable to reliably apply force to the heat exchange tube 06, and the pressing force is insufficient.

[0486] In addition, the distance between the arc vertex of the above-mentioned pressing part 611 and the polarity terminal 45 is less than or equal to the maximum dimension of the heat exchange tube 06 protruding from the polarity terminal 45. Since the above-mentioned heat exchange tube 06 is generally a round tube, the arc surface of the pressing part 611 is a circular arc surface. At this time, the arc surface radius of the pressing part 611 is preferably less than or equal to the radius of the heat exchange tube 06. After the pressure plate 61 is connected to the polarity terminal 45, the pressing part 611 can apply a downward force to the heat exchange tube 06, so that there is almost no heat transfer gap between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45. The heat exchange tube 06 is pressed and tightly fitted in the through groove. The heat conduction effect between the heat exchange tube 06 and the polarity terminal 45 is better, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0487] The pressure plate 61 in this embodiment is generally made of conductive metal materials, such as silver, copper, aluminum and the like. In this embodiment, the pressure plate 61 is made of copper plate, which not only has good conductivity but also good ductility, and can tightly press the heat exchange tube 06 into the through groove at the polar end.

[0488] In this embodiment, the pressing portion 611 is a curved plate of uniform wall thickness, while the fixing portion 612 is a flat plate. The curved plate and the flat plates on either side are integrated into a single structure, making this structure easy to manufacture and process, as well as to install. During manufacture, the pressing plate 61 can be stamped from a single sheet of sheet metal or formed in a single step through extrusion. Furthermore, the thickness of the pressing plate 61 is typically 0.5 mm to 1 mm, ensuring both installation strength and reliable installation of the heat exchange tube 06.

[0489] The fixing portion 612 in this embodiment is provided with a connection hole 733 connected to the polarity terminal 45, so that the pressure plate 61 is connected to the polarity terminal 45 by screws. The screw connection method is easier to connect than other welding, riveting or bonding methods, and the structure is simpler. More preferably, the screw hole in this embodiment can be set to a long strip shape. The setting of the long strip hole can compensate for the dimensional error when multiple single batteries 01 are connected in parallel, thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0490] In the aforementioned high-capacity battery 71, after each cell 01 is installed in the housing 03 and its polarity terminal 45 extends out of the terminal avoidance hole 214, a heat exchange tube 06 is installed on each cell's polarity terminal 45 and inserted into the through-slot of each cell's polarity terminal 45. Finally, a pressure plate 61 is attached to each cell's polarity terminal 45 and secured to the polarity terminal 45 with screws, connecting the cells 01 in parallel. Once installed, the pressure plate 61 also compresses the heat exchange tube 06 into the through-slot of the polarity terminal 45. The heat exchange tube 06 transfers heat generated by each cell 01 and controls the temperature of the high-capacity battery 71. Furthermore, an insulating pad may be placed between the pressure plate 61 and the heat exchange tube 06 to further ensure insulation between the metal tube and the pressure plate 61.

[0491] Example 26

[0492] During long-term use of the large-capacity battery 71, condensation will form on the surface due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange tube 06. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01 and the pole avoidance hole 214, causing the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01 to be electrically conductive with the shell 03, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery 01.

[0493] As shown in Figures 56 and 57, this embodiment overcomes the aforementioned issues by optimizing the top structure of the large-capacity battery 71 and laying an insulating sealant layer 420 on the top plate of the housing 03. The end faces of the polarity terminals 45 of each single battery 01 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 420 for connection to the pressure plate 61 or the electrical connector 74. The inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 06 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 420 for connection to the inlet and return manifolds. The pressure plate 61 is a connector for connecting the individual single batteries 01 in parallel, and the electrical connector 74 is a connector for connecting two large-capacity batteries 71 in series, and can also be a connector for connecting the large-capacity battery 71 to an external load.

[0494] As shown in Figures 56 and 57, in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 420 is laid on the top plate of the outer shell 03, and a partial area of ​​the polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 420. The end face of the polarity terminal 45 of each single cell 01 extends out of the insulating sealant layer 420 and is connected to the pressure plate 61 and / or the electrical connector 74; the main part of the heat exchange tube 06 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 420, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 06 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 420 for connection with the liquid inlet manifold and the liquid return manifold.

[0495] In some other embodiments, the thickness of the insulating sealant layer 420 can be smaller, lower than the main part of the heat exchange tube 06, or cover a part of the main part of the heat exchange tube 06, as long as condensation cannot enter the gap between the polarity terminal 45 of the single battery 01 and the pole avoidance hole 214.

[0496] The insulating sealant used in this embodiment is typically a common battery potting compound, such as a thermally conductive silicone potting compound. It should provide excellent sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation, and waterproofing. To prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing, during the injection process, this embodiment also includes an injection mold around the edges of the top plate of the housing 03 to ensure smooth injection of the insulating sealant. After injection, the mold can be removed.

[0497] As shown in Figure 57, on the basis of the above structure, this embodiment also sets an insulating protective cover 415 on the top of the large-capacity battery 71 to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminal 45, avoiding the potential safety hazards caused by the exposure of the polarity terminal 45 during the operation of the large-capacity battery 71, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the position of the polarity terminal 45 and causing the large-capacity battery 71 to short-circuit, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 71.

[0498] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 415 completely encloses the polarity terminals 45, it would make electrical connection to such large-capacity batteries 71 difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, slits are provided in the sidewalls of the insulating protective cover 415. Through these slits, the electrical connectors 74 can be connected to the polarity terminals 45 of the single battery cells 01, thereby achieving electrical connection. It should also be noted that the sidewalls of the insulating protective cover 415 also need to provide channels for the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tubes 06 to extend.

Claims

1. A heat exchange tube assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange tube adopts a primary heat exchange method to exchange heat with each single cell in the large-capacity battery.

2. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube includes a first tube, a second tube and at least one third tube; wherein the third tube is located between the first tube and the second tube, with both ends connected to the tube walls of the first tube and the second tube, and the inner cavity is connected to the first tube and the second tube; the inner cavities of the first tube, the second tube and the third tube are used to transmit heat transfer medium, and the heat transfer medium is insulated from the large-capacity battery; the third tube is used to be fixedly connected to the large-capacity battery; at least one port of the first tube is a heat transfer medium inlet, and at least one port of the second tube is a heat transfer medium outlet.

3. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third pipe member is used for fixed connection with all poles located on the same side of the large-capacity battery.

4. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pipe fitting, the second pipe fitting and the third pipe fitting are all aluminum pipes, and the connection between the third pipe fitting and the first pipe fitting and the second pipe fitting is insulated; the heat transfer medium is an electrically insulating heat transfer medium.

5. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pipe fitting, the second pipe fitting and the third pipe fitting are all aluminum pipes; the inner wall or the outer wall of the third pipe fitting is coated with an insulating film; and the heat transfer medium is an electrically insulating heat transfer medium or water.

6. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pipe fitting and the second pipe fitting are plastic pipes, and the third pipe fitting is an aluminum pipe; the heat transfer medium is an electrically insulating heat transfer medium.

7. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube includes a first metal tube, a second metal tube, an insulating sealing connector and an insulating sealing joint; the first metal tube is used to be clamped in the through groove of the positive pole of each single cell in the large-capacity battery, and the second metal tube is used to be clamped in the through groove of the negative pole of each single cell in the large-capacity battery; the insulating sealing connector connects the liquid inlet of the first metal tube and the liquid outlet of the second metal tube; there are two insulating sealing joints, and the liquid outlet of the first metal tube and the liquid inlet of the second metal tube are each provided with an insulating sealing joint for connecting with an external liquid exchange medium circulation pipeline.

8. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube also includes two connecting pipes; one end of one connecting pipe is connected to the liquid outlet of the first metal pipe through a right-angle sealing connector, and an insulating sealing joint is installed at the other end; one end of the other connecting pipe is connected to the liquid inlet of the second metal pipe through a right-angle sealing connector, and an insulating sealing joint is installed at the other end.

9. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The insulating sealing connector is an insulating sealing joint, and the right-angle sealing connector is a right-angle sealing joint.

10. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first metal tube and the second metal tube are both aluminum tubes; the connecting pipe is a flexible pipe.

11. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube includes a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; the first tube is used to be fixed in the heat exchange tube clamping part of the positive polarity terminal of each single cell; the second tube is used to be fixed in the heat exchange tube clamping part of the negative polarity terminal of each single cell; the two ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube located on the same side.

12. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, and the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an oxide layer.

13. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an oxide layer, and an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the aluminum tubes with the oxide layer.

14. The heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The connecting pipe is a flexible insulating pipe, and the flexible insulating pipe is connected to the first pipe and the second pipe through a clamp.

15. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is a metal tube, and is provided with an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve; the insulating layer is formed on the side wall of the heat exchange tube, and the insulating sleeve is arranged on the heat exchange tube with the insulating layer.

16. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 15, characterized in that: All side walls of the heat exchange tube are provided with insulating layers and insulating sleeves.

17. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 15, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve is a heat-conducting plastic sleeve or a heat-conducting rubber sleeve, and its thickness is 0.5mm-1.5mm.

18. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 17, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve is a thermally conductive silicone sleeve with a thickness of 1 mm.

19. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 17, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve is arranged on the heat exchange tube with the insulating layer by means of heat shrinkage.

20. The heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is an aluminum tube, and the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

21. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 20, characterized in that: The insulating layer is a hard oxide layer, and the thickness thereof is 20um-50um.

22. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating heat-conducting device, which includes a heat-conducting rod and N heat-conducting columns vertically arranged on the heat-conducting rod; N≥1; the heat-conducting rod is an insulating part, which is used to be installed in the first through groove of the polarity terminal, and the heat-conducting rod is provided with a mounting portion for mounting a heat exchange tube along its axial direction; the heat-conducting column is used to be inserted into the blind hole of the polarity terminal.

23. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 22, characterized in that: The mounting portion is a second through groove or a through hole.

24. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 23, characterized in that: The cross sections of the second through groove and the first through groove are C-shaped.

25. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 22, characterized in that: The N=1, and the length of the heat conduction rod is greater than or equal to the length of the first through slot on the polarity terminal.

26. The heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that: The heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column are an integrated structure.

27. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 26, characterized in that: The heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column are made of heat-conducting ceramic material.

28. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 26, characterized in that: The heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column are made of heat-conducting metal, and the surfaces thereof are oxidized to form an insulating layer.

29. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressing plate, which includes a pressing part and a fixing part; the pressing part has an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove of the polarity terminal to press the heat exchange tube into the through groove; the fixing part is arranged on both sides of the pressing part, connected with the polarity terminal of each single battery, used to realize parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and at the same time used to fix the pressing part on the polarity terminal.

30. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 29, characterized in that: The central angle of the arc surface of the pressing portion is between 90° and 180°.

31. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 30, characterized in that: The distance between the arc surface vertex of the pressing portion and the polarity terminal is less than or equal to the maximum dimension of the heat exchange tube protruding from the polarity terminal.

32. The heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that: The pressing part is an arc-shaped plate with equal wall thickness, the fixing part is a flat plate, and the arc-shaped plate and the flat plates on both sides are an integral structure.

33. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 32, characterized in that: The fixing portion is provided with a through hole for connecting with a polarity terminal screw.

34. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 33, characterized in that: The pressing plate is copper foil with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

35. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is a metal tube, and an enamel insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube.

36. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 35, characterized in that: The thickness of the enamel insulation layer is 100um to 300um.

37. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 35, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube includes a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; the first tube is used to exchange heat with the first polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery; the second tube is used to exchange heat with the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery; both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube located on the same side, and the outer side walls of the first tube and the second tube have an enamel insulation layer.

38. The heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 35, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is an aluminum tube, and the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

39. The heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 35 to 38, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating sleeve, which is arranged on the heat exchange tube with the enamel insulation layer.

40. A large capacity battery, comprising a plurality of single cells arranged in sequence along the same direction, characterized in that: Also included is the heat exchange tube assembly according to claim 1.

41. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 6, and the third tube member in the heat exchange tube is fixedly connected to all poles located on the same side of each single battery.

42. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes an outer shell and multiple pole adapters; multiple single cells are arranged in sequence in the inner cavity of the outer shell along the same direction; pole avoidance holes corresponding to the poles of each single cell are opened on the top plate of the outer shell, and the outer shell area corresponding to the pole avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell; the pole adapter is electrically connected to the poles of each single cell through the pole avoidance holes, and a card slot is provided on the pole adapter; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 6, and the third tube in the heat exchange tube is fixed in the card slot.

43. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes an outer shell; a plurality of single cells are arranged in sequence in the inner cavity of the outer shell in the same direction; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the outer shell so that each pole of the single cell can be extended; each pole of the single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole and the outer shell area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell; a slot is provided on the pole; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 6, and the third pipe fitting in the heat exchange tube is fixed in the slot.

44. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: A plurality of single cells are connected in parallel; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 7 to 10; the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is a fluorinated liquid.

45. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: A plurality of single cells are connected in parallel; the device also includes a shared pipe assembly, which is connected to the lower cover plate of each single cell and communicates with the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of the single cell; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 7 to 10; the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is a fluorinated liquid.

46. ​​The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes an outer shell; a plurality of single cells are arranged in parallel and arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell; the inner cavity of each single cell includes an electrolyte area and a gas area; the outer shell includes a cylinder with open ends at both ends and an end plate arranged at the open end of the cylinder; a first channel is provided at the bottom of the cylinder, and the first channel is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell, which is used to place each single cell in an electrolyte system; a pole avoidance hole is provided at the top of the cylinder to enable each single cell pole to extend; each single cell pole extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the cylinder area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the top of the single cell; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 7 to 10; the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is a fluorinated liquid.

47. The large capacity battery according to claim 46, characterized in that: It also includes a second channel arranged on the top of the cylinder, and the second channel is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery.

48. The large capacity battery according to claim 46, characterized in that: It also includes a second channel arranged on the top of the cylinder, and the second channel covers the explosion relief part on the top of each single battery.

49. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: A plurality of single cells are connected in parallel; the first shared pipe assembly is also included; the first shared pipe assembly is connected to the lower cover plate of each single cell and is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of the single cell; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 11 to 14; the heat exchange medium flowing in the heat exchange tube is water or fluorinated liquid.

50. The large capacity battery according to claim 49, characterized in that: It also includes a second shared pipeline assembly; the second shared pipeline assembly is connected to the upper cover plate of each single battery and communicates with the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of the single battery.

51. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes a shell; a plurality of single cells are connected in parallel; a plurality of single cells are arranged in the shell in the same direction; a shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell; a heat exchange tube clamping part is provided at the part where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the pole avoidance hole; The heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 11 to 14; the heat exchange tube is fixed on the heat exchange tube clamping part of each single cell polarity terminal, and the heat exchange tube is electrically insulated from each single cell.

52. The large capacity battery according to claim 51, characterized in that: The shared chamber is an electrolyte shared chamber, which is a liquid channel located between the bottom plate of the housing and each single cell. The liquid channel is connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell.

53. The large capacity battery according to claim 51 or 52, characterized in that: The shared chamber is a gas chamber, which is a gas passage located between the top plate of the housing and each single cell. The gas passage is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell.

54. The large capacity battery according to claim 51 or 52, characterized in that: The shared chamber is a gas chamber, and the gas chamber covers the explosion venting portion on the top of each single battery.

55. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 15 to 21; a plurality of single cells are connected in parallel, and the heat exchange tube is arranged on the polarity terminal of each single cell.

56. The large capacity battery according to claim 55, characterized in that: The polarity terminal is provided with a through groove, and the through groove on each single cell polarity terminal forms a heat transfer groove arranged along the arrangement direction of the single cells, and the heat exchange tube assembly is embedded in the heat transfer groove.

57. The large capacity battery according to claim 56, characterized in that: At least one of the gas region and the electrolyte region of each single cell is in communication with each other.

58. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: A plurality of single cells are connected in parallel, and at least one of the gas area and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell is interconnected through a hollow component; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 22 to 28; the heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column of the insulating heat conducting device are respectively arranged in the first through groove and the blind hole of the pole, and the heat exchange tube is arranged in the mounting part of each insulating heat conducting device.

59. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes an outer shell and multiple pole adapters; multiple single cells are placed side by side in the outer shell, and a shared chamber is provided in the outer shell to enable at least one of the gas area and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell to communicate with each other, and a pole avoidance hole is opened on the top of the outer shell corresponding to the pole of each single cell; the pole of each single cell is connected to the pole adapter through the pole avoidance hole; the pole adapter is the polarity terminal of the single cell, and a first through groove and a blind hole are provided on the polarity terminal, the first through groove extends along the width direction of each single cell, and the blind hole extends along the height direction of the single cell and is connected with the first through groove, and the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 22 to 28; the heat conduction rod and the heat conduction column of the insulating heat conductive device are respectively arranged in the first through groove and the blind hole of the pole adapter, and a heat exchange tube is arranged in the mounting part of each insulating heat conductive device.

60. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes a shell; a plurality of single cells are placed side by side in the shell, and the shell is provided with a shared chamber so that at least one of the gas area and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell can be interconnected, and a pole avoidance hole is opened on the top of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 29 to 34; the polarity terminals of each single cell pass through the pole avoidance hole and are connected in parallel through a pressure plate, and at the same time, the heat exchange tube is arranged in the through groove of the polarity terminal of each single cell, and is pressed in the through groove of the polarity terminal by a pressure plate.

61. The large capacity battery according to claim 60, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is a metal tube, an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the metal tube or an insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the metal tube, and an insulating pad is also provided between the pressing plate and the heat exchange tube.

62. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes a hollow component; at least one of the gas area and the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell is interconnected through the hollow component; the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 29 to 34; the pressure plate is connected to the polarity terminals of multiple single cells to realize parallel connection of multiple single cells, and the heat exchange tube is arranged in the through groove of the polarity terminal of each single cell, and is pressed in the through groove of the polarity terminal by the pressure plate.

63. The large capacity battery according to claim 57, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is a metal tube, an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the metal tube or an insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the metal tube, and an insulating pad is also provided between the pressing plate and the heat exchange tube.

64. The large capacity battery according to claim 40, characterized in that: It also includes an outer shell, and multiple single cells are arranged in the outer shell in the same direction; a shared chamber is provided in the outer shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all single cells; a pole avoidance hole is opened on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the top plate area of ​​the outer shell corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell; a heat exchange tube clamping part is provided at the part where the polarity terminal of each single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and a heat exchange tube assembly is fixed on the heat exchange tube clamping part of the polarity terminal of each single cell, and the heat exchange tube assembly is the heat exchange tube assembly according to any one of claims 35 to 39, and the heat exchange tube clamping part is a through groove or through hole opened on the polarity terminal of each single cell.

65. The large capacity battery according to claim 64, characterized in that: It also includes a pressing plate, which includes a pressing part and a fixing part; the pressing part has an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove of the polarity terminal to press the heat exchange tube into the through groove; the fixing part is arranged on both sides of the pressing part, connected with the polarity terminal of each single battery, used to realize parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and at the same time used to fix the pressing part on the polarity terminal.

66. The large capacity battery according to claim 65, characterized in that: The fixing part is provided with a connection hole for connecting with a polarity terminal screw, and the pressing plate is a copper plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

67. The large capacity battery according to claim 66, characterized in that: An insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the shell, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange tube extend out of the insulating sealant layer.

68. The large capacity battery according to claim 67, characterized in that: An insulating protective cover is arranged on the top of the shell, and polarity terminals of each single battery are located inside the insulating protective cover.

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