Operation management method for dust collection device, dust collection device, and operation management method for plant provided with dust collection device

Abstract

An operation management method for a dust collection device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with: a step for acquiring a temperature difference between a temperature of a surface on one side and a temperature of a surface on the other side in the thickness direction of a pipe plate; and a step for evaluating, on the basis of the temperature difference acquired in the step for acquiring the temperature difference, the risk of damage to a porous filter due to deformation of the pipe plate caused by the temperature difference.

Description

Dust collector operation management method, dust collector, and plant operation management method equipped with dust collector

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a dust collector operation management method, a dust collector, and a plant operation management method including the dust collector. This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-139310, filed with the Japan Patent Office on August 29, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] For example, an integrated gasification combined cycle power generation facility equipped with a coal gasifier is provided with a dust collector equipped with a porous filter for filtering and capturing char (unburned matter) in the gas produced by the coal gasifier. During normal operation of the coal gasifier, the char captured by the porous filter is removed by backwashing the interior of the porous filter with compressed nitrogen, and then recovered in a hopper and re-injected into the coal gasifier (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] JP 2012-1649 A

[0004] In the dust collector described in Patent Document 1, the upper end of the porous filter (element) in its extension direction is supported and suspended by a support plate (tube plate). The lower end of the porous filter may be constrained to prevent the porous filter from vibrating. In this case, if a temperature difference occurs between the upper and lower surfaces of the tube plate during a transitional period, such as when the gasification combined cycle power generation facility is started or stopped, the tube plate may warp upward or downward. If the tube plate deforms while the lower end of the porous filter is constrained, a bending moment may be generated in the porous filter, potentially causing the porous filter to break. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of porous filter breakage due to tube plate warpage.

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure aims to evaluate the risk of breakage of a porous filter in a dust collecting device.

[0006] (1) A method for managing operation of a dust collector according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a method for managing operation of a dust collector, the dust collector having: a main container into which dust-containing gas is introduced; a plurality of porous filters provided inside the main container for filtering the dust-containing gas; a tube sheet supporting end regions on one side in an extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; and a restraining portion restraining end regions on the other side in the extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; and the method includes the steps of: acquiring a temperature difference between the temperature of a surface on one side in a thickness direction of the tube sheet and the temperature of a surface on the other side; and evaluating a risk of damage to the porous filters due to deformation of the tube sheet caused by the temperature difference, based on the temperature difference acquired in the step of acquiring the temperature difference.

[0007] (2) A dust collecting device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a dust collecting device for filtering a dust-containing gas, the dust collecting device comprising: a main container into which the dust-containing gas is introduced; a plurality of porous filters provided inside the main container for filtering the dust-containing gas; a tube sheet supporting end regions on one side in an extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; a restraining section restraining end regions on the other side in the extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the tube sheet; and an evaluation device capable of obtaining a temperature difference between a surface temperature on one side and a surface temperature on the other side in a thickness direction of the tube sheet based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and evaluating a risk of damage to the porous filter due to deformation of the tube sheet caused by the temperature difference based on the obtained temperature difference.

[0008] (3) A method for managing the operation of a plant including a dust collector according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a method for managing the operation of a plant including a dust collector, wherein the dust collector has: a main container into which dust-containing gas is introduced; a plurality of porous filters provided inside the main container for filtering the dust-containing gas; a tube sheet supporting end regions on one side in the extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; and a restraining portion restraining end regions on the other side in the extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container, and the method includes the steps of: acquiring a temperature difference between the temperature of a surface on one side and the temperature of a surface on the other side in the thickness direction of the tube sheet; evaluating a risk of damage to the porous filters due to deformation of the tube sheet caused by the temperature difference based on the temperature difference acquired in the step of acquiring the temperature difference; and, if it is determined that the risk of damage is high in the step of evaluating the risk of damage, changing the operating state of the plant to suppress the temperature difference.

[0009] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the risk of breakage of a porous filter in a dust collector can be evaluated.

[0010] Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility according to the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a porous filter device provided in the dust collection facility of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a support state of a porous filter by a tube sheet. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the point where a bending moment occurs in a porous filter due to deformation of a tube sheet. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature difference between the upper surface and the lower surface, and the bending moment occurring in a porous filter. Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing steps in an operation management method for a dust collector according to some embodiments. Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing steps in an operation management method for a plant according to some embodiments.

[0011] Several embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure and are merely illustrative examples. For example, expressions expressing relative or absolute arrangements, such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "parallel," "orthogonal," "center," "concentric," or "coaxial," not only strictly express such arrangements, but also express relative displacements with a tolerance or angle or distance to the extent that the same function is achieved. For example, expressions expressing the equality of things, such as "same," "equal," and "homogeneous," not only express strict equality, but also express tolerance or differences to the extent that the same function is achieved. For example, expressions expressing shapes such as a square or cylindrical shape not only express shapes such as a square or cylindrical shape in the strict geometric sense, but also express shapes including concave and convex portions, chamfered portions, etc., to the extent that the same effect is achieved. On the other hand, the expressions "comprise," "include," "have," "includes," or "have" of one element are not exclusive expressions that exclude the presence of other elements.

[0012] <Configuration of Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Plant 10> Fig. 1 shows an integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant according to the present disclosure. The integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant 10 uses air as a primary oxidant and employs an air combustion system in which a gasifier 14 produces a combustible gas (produced gas) from fuel. The integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant 10 refines the produced gas produced in the gasifier 14 in a gas refinery 16 to produce fuel gas, which is then supplied to a gas turbine 17 to generate power. In other words, the integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant 10 is an air-combustion (air-blown) power generation plant. The fuel supplied to the gasifier 14 is, for example, a carbon-containing solid fuel such as coal. In the following description, "up" and "above" refer to the upper side in the vertical direction, and "below" and "below" refer to the lower side in the vertical direction, and the vertical direction is not precise and may include errors.

[0013] As shown in FIG. 1 , the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility (integrated gasification combined cycle power generation facility) 10 includes a coal supply facility 11, a gasification furnace facility 14, a char recovery facility 15, a gas purification facility 16, a gas turbine 17, a steam turbine 18, a generator 19, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 20.

[0014] The coal supply facility 11 receives coal, which is a carbon-containing solid fuel, as raw coal and pulverizes the coal using a coal mill (not shown) or the like to produce pulverized coal pulverized into fine particles. The pulverized coal produced by the coal supply facility 11 is pressurized at the outlet of the coal supply line 11a by nitrogen gas, which serves as an inert gas for transportation and is supplied from an air separation facility 42 (described later), and is supplied to the gasification furnace facility 14 via the fuel supply line 12. The inert gas is an inert gas having an oxygen content of approximately 5% by volume or less, and typical examples include nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, and argon gas, but is not necessarily limited to approximately 5% by volume or less.

[0015] The gasification furnace equipment 14 is supplied with pulverized coal produced in the coal supply equipment 11, and also with char (unreacted coal and ash) recovered in the char recovery equipment 15 for reuse.

[0016] A compressed air supply line 41 extending from the gas turbine 17 (compressor 61) is connected to the gasifier facility 14, and a portion of the compressed air compressed by the gas turbine 17 is boosted to a predetermined pressure by a booster 68 so that it can be supplied to the gasifier facility 14. The air separation facility 42 separates and generates nitrogen and oxygen from atmospheric air, and the air separation facility 42 and the gasifier facility 14 are connected by a first nitrogen supply line 43. A coal feed line 11a extending from the coal feed facility 11 is connected to this first nitrogen supply line 43. A second nitrogen supply line 45 branching off from the first nitrogen supply line 43 is also connected to the gasifier facility 14, and a char return line 46 extending from the char recovery facility 15 is connected to this second nitrogen supply line 45. The air separation facility 42 is further connected to the compressed air supply line 41 by an oxygen supply line 47. The nitrogen separated by the air separation equipment 42 is used as a carrier gas for coal or char by flowing through a first nitrogen supply line 43 and a second nitrogen supply line 45. The oxygen separated by the air separation equipment 42 is used as an oxidizing agent in the gasification furnace equipment 14 by flowing through an oxygen supply line 47 and a compressed air supply line 41.

[0017] The gasifier facility 14 includes, for example, a two-stage entrained flow gasifier. The gasifier facility 14 gasifies coal (pulverized coal) and char supplied therein by partial combustion using an oxidizer (air, oxygen) to produce a generated gas. The gasifier facility 14 is also provided with a foreign matter removal facility 48 that removes foreign matter (slag) mixed in the pulverized coal. A generated gas line (gasifier exhaust gas piping) 49 that supplies generated gas to the char recovery facility 15 is connected to the gasifier facility 14, enabling the generated gas containing char to be discharged. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2 , a syngas cooler (heat exchanger) serving as a gas cooler may be provided in the generated gas line 49 to cool the generated gas to a predetermined temperature before supplying it to the char recovery facility 15.

[0018] The char recovery facility 15 includes a dust collection facility 51 and a supply hopper 52. In this case, the dust collection facility 51 is composed of one or more cyclones or porous filters, and is capable of separating char contained in the product gas generated in the gasification furnace facility 14. The product gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purification facility 16 through a gas discharge line 53. The supply hopper 52 stores the char separated from the product gas by the dust collection facility 51. Note that a configuration may also be adopted in which a bin is disposed between the dust collection facility 51 and the supply hopper 52, and multiple supply hoppers 52 are connected to this bin. A char return line 46 from the supply hopper 52 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45.

[0019] The gas purification equipment 16 purifies the produced gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery equipment 15 by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds. The gas purification equipment 16 then purifies the produced gas to produce fuel gas, which is then supplied to a gas turbine 17. Note that the produced gas from which the char has been separated still contains sulfur (H ２ In the gas purification facility 16, the sulfur content is removed and recovered using an amine absorption solution or the like, and is then effectively utilized.

[0020] The gas turbine 17 includes a compressor 61, a combustor 62, and a turbine 63, and the compressor 61 and the turbine 63 are connected by a rotary shaft 64. A compressed air supply line 65 from the compressor 61, a fuel gas supply line 66 from the gas purification facility 16, and a combustion gas supply line 67 extending toward the turbine 63 are connected to the combustor 62. The gas turbine 17 is also provided with a compressed air supply line 41 extending from the compressor 61 to the gasifier facility 14, and a booster 68 is provided midway through the line. Therefore, the combustor 62 generates combustion gas by mixing and burning a portion of the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 with at least a portion of the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification facility 16, and supplies the generated combustion gas to the turbine 63. The turbine 63 then drives the rotary shaft 64 with the supplied combustion gas, thereby driving the generator 19.

[0021] The steam turbine 18 includes a turbine 69 connected to a rotary shaft 64 of the gas turbine 17, and the generator 19 is connected to a base end of the rotary shaft 64. An exhaust gas line 70 from the gas turbine 17 (turbine 63) is connected to the heat recovery steam generator 20, and heat is exchanged between water supplied to the heat recovery steam generator 20 and the exhaust gas from the turbine 63 to generate steam. A steam supply line 71 is provided between the heat recovery steam generator 20 and the turbine 69 of the steam turbine 18, and a steam recovery line 72 is also provided, and a condenser 73 is provided in the steam recovery line 72. The steam generated in the heat recovery steam generator 20 may include steam generated by heat exchange with the generated gas in the syngas cooler of the gasifier facility 14. Therefore, in the steam turbine 18, the turbine 69 is rotationally driven by the steam supplied from the heat recovery steam generator 20, which rotates the rotary shaft 64 and thereby rotates the generator 19.

[0022] A gas purification system 74 is provided between the outlet of the heat recovery steam generator 20 and the chimney 75 .

[0023] <Operation of Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant> Next, the operation of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 described above will be described. In the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10, when raw coal (coal) is supplied to the coal feeding facility 11, the coal is pulverized into fine particles in the coal feeding facility 11 to become pulverized coal. The pulverized coal produced in the coal feeding facility 11 flows through a first nitrogen supply line 43 by nitrogen supplied from an air separation facility 42 and is supplied to the gasifier facility 14. In addition, char recovered in a char recovery facility 15 described below flows through a second nitrogen supply line 45 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation facility 42 and is supplied to the gasifier facility 14. In addition, compressed air extracted from a gas turbine 17 described below is pressurized in a booster 68 and then supplied to the gasifier facility 14 through the compressed air supply line 41 together with oxygen supplied from the air separation facility 42.

[0024] In the gasifier 14, the supplied pulverized coal and char are combusted with compressed air (oxygen) and gasified to generate a generated gas. The generated gas is then discharged from the gasifier 14 through a generated gas line 49 and sent to the char recovery facility 15.

[0025] In this char recovery facility 15, the produced gas is first supplied to a dust collection facility 51, where fine char particles contained in the produced gas are separated. The produced gas from which the char has been separated is then sent to the gas purification facility 16 through a gas discharge line 53. Meanwhile, the fine char particles separated from the produced gas are deposited in a supply hopper 52 and returned to the gasification furnace facility 14 through a char return line 46 for recycling.

[0026] The generated gas from which char has been separated by the char recovery facility 15 is purified in the gas purification facility 16 to remove impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds, and fuel gas is produced. A compressor 61 generates compressed air and supplies it to a combustor 62. The combustor 62 mixes the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 with the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification facility 16 and burns the mixture to generate combustion gas. The combustion gas drives a turbine 63, which in turn drives the compressor 61 and the generator 19 via a rotary shaft 64. In this way, the gas turbine 17 can generate electricity.

[0027] The heat recovery boiler 20 generates steam by exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from a turbine 63 in the gas turbine 17 and water supplied to the heat recovery boiler 20, and supplies the generated steam to the steam turbine 18. In the steam turbine 18, the steam supplied from the heat recovery boiler 20 drives the turbine 69 to rotate, thereby driving the generator 19 via the rotating shaft 64, thereby generating electricity. Note that the gas turbine 17 and the steam turbine 18 do not have to be on the same shaft to rotate and drive one generator 19, but may be on different shafts to rotate and drive multiple generators.

[0028] Thereafter, in the gas purification equipment 74, harmful substances are removed from the exhaust gas discharged from the heat recovery boiler 20, and the purified exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere through a chimney 75.

[0029] <Porous Filter Device 22> Next, the porous filter device 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. FIG. 2 mainly illustrates the porous filter device 22 provided in the dust collection equipment 51 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the support state of a porous filter 24 (described later) by a tube sheet 25 (described later). FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the occurrence of a bending moment in the porous filter 24 due to deformation of the tube sheet 25. The porous filter device 22 is a dust collection device for capturing char remaining in the generated gas (dust-containing gas). The porous filter device 22 includes a porous filter container (main container) 23 to which the dust-containing gas is introduced, and includes multiple porous filters 24 for filtering the dust-containing gas. The porous filter 24 is a filter having a large number of pores and is made of, for example, ceramic or metal. The porous filter 24 is, for example, cylindrical, and multiple porous filters 24 are provided in parallel with each other, each having an axis in the vertical direction. The porous filters 24 divide the space inside the porous filter device 22 into upper and lower sections, with the lower section being a pre-filtration space 22a into which char-containing produced gas flows before filtration, and the upper section being a post-filtration space 22b after filtration. The porous filter device 22 has a tube sheet 25 that supports end regions 24U on one side (upper side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of the multiple porous filters 24 inside the porous filter container 23, and a restraining portion 27 that restrains end regions 24L on the other side (lower side) in the extension direction of the multiple porous filters 24 inside the porous filter container 23.

[0030] A product gas line 49 for introducing a product gas containing char is connected to the pre-filtration space 22 a of the porous filter device 22 .

[0031] The downstream side of the product gas line 49 is inserted into the pre-filtration space 22a inside the porous filter container 23, and its downstream end 49d opens upward.

[0032] The product gas line 49 is used as a supply pipe through which the product gas from the gasification furnace facility 14 (see FIG. 1) flows into the porous filter vessel 23 .

[0033] A char discharge path 26 for discharging the char separated by the porous filter 24 is connected to the bottom of the pre-filtration space 22a of the porous filter device 22. The char discharge path 26 is provided with an on-off valve 26a.

[0034] A gas discharge line 53 is connected to the post-filtration space 22 b of the porous filter device 22 , and leads the produced gas (clean gas) after char separation to the gas purification equipment 16 .

[0035] The control unit 30 is a control device that controls the entire integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 10, including the porous filter device 22, and also functions as an evaluation device 31, which will be described later. The control unit 30 is composed of, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and a computer-readable storage medium. The series of processes for realizing various functions are stored in a storage medium or the like in the form of a program, and the CPU reads this program into the RAM or the like and executes information processing and arithmetic processing to realize various functions. The program may be pre-installed in a ROM or other storage medium, provided in a state stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or distributed via wired or wireless communication means. Examples of computer-readable storage media include magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, and semiconductor memories.

[0036] As shown in Fig. 3, an end region 24U on one side (upper side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of each porous filter 24 is supported by a tube sheet 25. An outer edge portion 25a of the tube sheet 25 is fixed to the inner periphery of the porous filter container 23. The porous filter container 23 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom and a lid centered on the central axis AX, and the tube sheet 25 has a disk shape. The tube sheet 25 has a plurality of through holes 25h to which the porous filters 24 are attached. Each porous filter 24 is inserted into a respective through hole 25h and fixed to the tube sheet 25, for example, at its upper end.

[0037] As shown in Fig. 4, the end region 24L of each porous filter 24 is restrained by a restraining portion 27 to suppress horizontal vibration. The restraining portion 27 is configured to restrain the end region 24L of each porous filter 24 so as to allow vertical movement of each porous filter 24 and movement in the horizontal direction within a limited range, while prohibiting horizontal movement beyond that range. Furthermore, the restraining portion 27 is configured so as to hinder the flow of dust-containing gas within the pre-filtration space 22a as little as possible.

[0038] <Regarding the bending moment occurring in the porous filter 24> In the porous filter device 22 configured as described above, when a temperature difference ΔT (Tu - Tl) occurs between the temperature Tu of the upper surface 25U of the tube sheet 25 and the temperature Tl of the lower surface 25L of the tube sheet 25 during a transition period, such as when the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 10 starts or stops operation, the tube sheet 25 may be deformed so as to warp upward or downward. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the temperature Tl of the lower surface 25L is higher than the temperature Tu of the upper surface 25U, and therefore the region 25i on the inner circumferential side of the lower surface 25L is shown to be warped so as to protrude downward.

[0039] If the tube sheet 25 of the porous filter 24 is deformed so as to warp, the upper end region 24U of the porous filter 24 will be bent due to the warping of the tube sheet 25, as shown in Fig. 4. However, because the lower end region 24L is constrained, if the tube sheet 25 of the porous filter 24 is deformed so as to warp, a bending moment will be generated in the porous filter 24, which may cause damage to the porous filter 24. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 due to the warping of the tube sheet 25.

[0040] <Regarding Evaluation of Breakage Risk of Porous Filter 24> Therefore, in the dust collector operation management method according to some embodiments, as described below, the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 is evaluated. Furthermore, in the plant operation management method according to some embodiments, as described below, the operating state of the plant is changed when it is determined that the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 is high.

[0041] FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature difference ΔT (Tu-Tl) between the temperature Tu of the upper surface 25U and the temperature Tl of the lower surface 25L and the bending moment M generated in the porous filter 24. The graph in FIG. 5 was obtained, for example, by performing FEM analysis in advance. The graph in FIG. 5 is a graph showing the bending moment M generated in the porous filter 24 supported in the outer peripheral region 25o of the tube sheet 25 among the multiple porous filters 24. The deflection angle θ generated in the porous filter 24 due to deformation of the tube sheet 25 caused by the temperature difference ΔT is larger for the porous filter 24 supported on the radially outer side of the central axis AX of the tube sheet 25 than for the porous filter 24 supported near the central axis AX. Therefore, the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 is evaluated taking into account the bending moment M generated in the porous filter 24 supported in the outer peripheral region 25o of the tube sheet 25, where the deflection angle θ is larger. FIG. 5 shows the bending moment M generated in the upper end region 24U of the porous filter 24 where the bending moment M is greatest.

[0042] The threshold value Mth of the bending moment M that is permissible in the porous filter 24 is obtained in advance. The temperature difference (control temperature range) ΔTth at which the bending moment M reaches this threshold value Mth can be obtained from the graph of FIG.

[0043] In the dust collector operation management method according to some embodiments, the temperature difference ΔT acquired as described below is compared with the management temperature range ΔTth, thereby making it possible to evaluate the risk of damage to the porous filter 24. That is, if the temperature difference ΔT is equal to or less than the management temperature range ΔTth, it can be determined that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is low, and if the temperature difference ΔT exceeds the management temperature range ΔTth, it can be determined that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is high.

[0044] In the dust collector operation management method according to some embodiments, the evaluation device 31 is configured to compare the acquired temperature difference ΔT with the management temperature range ΔTth and evaluate the risk of damage to the porous filter 24. That is, the evaluation device 31 compares the acquired temperature difference ΔT with the management temperature range ΔTth, and determines that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is low if the temperature difference ΔT is equal to or less than the management temperature range ΔTth, and determines that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is high if the temperature difference ΔT exceeds the management temperature range ΔTth.

[0045] Instead of evaluating the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 by comparing the temperature difference ΔT with the control temperature range ΔTth, the bending moment M corresponding to the acquired temperature difference ΔT and the temperature difference ΔT acquired from the graph of FIG. 5 may be calculated, and the calculated bending moment M may be compared with the threshold Mth of the bending moment M to evaluate the risk of damage to the porous filter 24. In this case, if the calculated bending moment M is equal to or less than the threshold Mth of the bending moment M, it can be determined that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is low. If the calculated bending moment M exceeds the threshold Mth of the bending moment M, it can be determined that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is high. The evaluation device 31 compares the calculated bending moment M with the threshold Mth of the bending moment M, and if the calculated bending moment M is equal to or less than the threshold Mth of the bending moment M, it is determined that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is low. If the calculated bending moment M exceeds the threshold Mth of the bending moment M, it is determined that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is high.

[0046] The evaluation device 31 may be configured to notify the control unit 30 of a high risk of damage to the porous filter 24, for example, by issuing an alarm that can be recognized by an operator of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10, when it determines that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is high. Furthermore, when it determines that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is high, the evaluation device 31 may output a control signal to the control unit 30 to change the operating state of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 to reduce the temperature difference ΔT, in addition to or instead of the above-mentioned notification. This causes the control unit 30 to change the operating state of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 so as to reduce the temperature difference ΔT. Note that examples of changing the operating state of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 to reduce the temperature difference ΔT include changing the flow rate of the generated gas supplied to the porous filter device 22, or changing the flow rate of the regeneration gas, inert gas, or the like supplied to the porous filter device 22 when the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 starts or stops operation.

[0047] <Regarding obtaining the temperature difference ΔT> The temperature Tu of the upper surface 25U of the tube sheet 25 and the temperature Tl of the lower surface 25L can be obtained by directly measuring them using a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple, but there is a risk that they will be affected by the ambient temperature in the pre-filtration space 22a and the post-filtration space 22b after filtration, and in particular, direct measurement of the temperature of the lower surface 25L may cause problems such as the adhesion of char contained in the generated gas.

[0048] Therefore, in some embodiments of the dust collector operation management method, a temperature sensor 33 such as a thermocouple is provided on the inner circumferential surface of a through hole 25h extending in the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25, and the temperature Tu of the upper surface 25U and the temperature Tl of the lower surface 25L are estimated and acquired based on the measurement results of the temperature sensor 33. Specifically, an upper temperature sensor 33U is provided in an upper region of the through hole 25h, and a lower temperature sensor 33L is provided in a lower region of the through hole 25h. Note that, in order to further reduce the influence of the atmospheric temperatures in the pre-filtration space 22a and the post-filtration space 22b after filtration and to suppress the intrusion of char into the through hole 25h, the upper and lower open ends of the through hole 25h are closed with cover members 35.

[0049] Note that there is a difference between the temperature Tu' measured by the upper temperature sensor 33U and the temperature Tu of the upper surface 25U of the tube sheet 25, and there is a difference between the temperature Tl' measured by the lower temperature sensor 33L and the temperature Tl of the lower surface 25L of the tube sheet 25. Therefore, in some embodiments of the dust collector operation management method, a heat conduction analysis is performed in advance to obtain information about the temperature at the installation position of the upper temperature sensor 33U, the temperature Tu of the upper surface 25U of the tube sheet 25, the temperature at the installation position of the lower temperature sensor 33L, and the temperature Tl of the lower surface 25L of the tube sheet 25, and the evaluation device 31 is configured to be able to estimate the temperature difference ΔT based on the temperature Tu' measured by the upper temperature sensor 33U and the temperature Tl' measured by the lower temperature sensor 33L.

[0050] In the porous filter device 22 according to the embodiment described above, the downstream end 49d of the product gas line 49 opens upward below the inner peripheral region 25i of the tube sheet 25. Therefore, as shown by arrow a in FIG. 2 , dust-containing gas flows toward the lower surface 25L of the inner peripheral region 25i of the tube sheet 25, and the temperature difference ΔT in the inner peripheral region 25i of the tube sheet 25 tends to be higher than that in the outer peripheral region 25o of the tube sheet 25. Therefore, in some embodiments, the operation management method for a dust collector estimates the temperature using a temperature sensor 33 at the through-hole 25h in the inner peripheral region 25i of the tube sheet 25. This obtains the temperature difference ΔT in the inner peripheral region 25i of the tube sheet 25, where the temperature difference ΔT is larger. Therefore, the bending moment M generated in the porous filter 24 is calculated to be larger, and the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is evaluated on the safe side.

[0051] <Flowchart> Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing steps in a dust collector operation management method according to some embodiments. Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing steps in a plant operation management method according to some embodiments. The steps shown in Fig. 6 are performed by the evaluation device 31. The steps shown in Fig. 7 are performed by the evaluation device 31 and the control unit 30. The dust collector operation management method according to some embodiments shown in Fig. 6 and the plant operation management method according to some embodiments shown in Fig. 7 comprise step S1 of calculating a threshold value, step S3 of acquiring a temperature difference, and step S5 of evaluating a damage risk. The plant operation management method according to some embodiments shown in Fig. 7 further comprises step S7 of changing the operating state of the plant.

[0052] <Step S1 of Calculating a Threshold Value> Step S1 of calculating a threshold value is a step of calculating a threshold value Mth of the bending moment M based on the usage history of the porous filter 24. For example, a treatment such as pickling to unclog the porous filter 24 reduces the stress allowable by the porous filter 24 compared to the porous filter 24 before the treatment.

[0053] Therefore, in the dust collector operation management method according to some embodiments, the relationship between the number of treatments, such as pickling treatments, and the threshold value Mth of the bending moment M allowable in the porous filter 24 is assumed to be obtained in advance and stored in a computer-readable storage medium. In step S1 of calculating the threshold value, the evaluation device 31 reads the threshold value Mth of the bending moment M corresponding to the usage history of the porous filter 24 provided in the porous filter device 22 from the computer-readable storage medium. As a result, the threshold value Mth of the bending moment M calculated (acquired) in step S1 of calculating the threshold value approaches an appropriate value based on the usage history of the porous filter 24.

[0054] <Step S3 of Obtaining Temperature Difference> Step S3 of obtaining the temperature difference is a step of obtaining the temperature difference ΔT of the tube sheet 25. In step S3 of obtaining the temperature difference, the evaluation device 31 obtains the temperature difference ΔT based on the temperature measured by the upper temperature sensor 33U and the temperature measured by the lower temperature sensor 33L as described above.

[0055] In step S3 of acquiring the temperature difference, the temperature difference ΔT is estimated and acquired from the temperature of the tube sheet 25 measured by the temperature sensor 33. Therefore, even if it is difficult to measure the temperature of the surface on one side of the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25 and the temperature of the surface on the other side, the temperature difference ΔT between the temperature of the surface on one side of the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25 and the temperature of the surface on the other side can be acquired.

[0056] In step S3 of acquiring the temperature difference, the temperature difference ΔT is estimated and acquired from the temperature measured at the through hole 25h that penetrates the tube sheet 25 in the thickness direction, so that the temperature measurement is less susceptible to the influence of the ambient temperature and dust particles in the dust-containing gas.

[0057] <Step S5 for Evaluating Breakage Risk> Step S5 for evaluating the breakage risk is a step for evaluating the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 due to deformation of the tube sheet 25 caused by the temperature difference ΔT, based on the temperature difference ΔT acquired in step S3 for acquiring the temperature difference. In step S5 for evaluating the breakage risk, as described above, the evaluation device 31 compares the acquired temperature difference ΔT with the managed temperature range ΔTth, and determines that the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 is low if the temperature difference ΔT is equal to or less than the managed temperature range ΔTth, and determines that the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 is high if the temperature difference ΔT exceeds the managed temperature range ΔTth. Note that in step S5 for evaluating the breakage risk, instead of evaluating the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 by comparing the temperature difference ΔT with the managed temperature range ΔTth, as described above, the evaluation device 31 may calculate a bending moment M corresponding to the acquired temperature difference ΔT and the temperature difference ΔT acquired from the graph of FIG. 5, and compare the calculated bending moment M with a threshold Mth for the bending moment M to evaluate the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24.

[0058] According to the dust collector operation management method of some embodiments and the porous filter device 22 of some embodiments, it is possible to evaluate the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 caused by deformation of the tube sheet 25 due to the temperature difference ΔT based on the temperature difference ΔT of the tube sheet 25. This makes it possible to determine whether or not measures to avoid damage to the porous filter 24 are necessary, which contributes to reducing the possibility of damage to the porous filter 24.

[0059] <Step S7 of changing the operating state of the plant> Step S7 of changing the operating state of the plant is a step of changing the operating state of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 so as to suppress the temperature difference ΔT if it is determined that the risk of damage is high in Step S5 of assessing the risk of damage. In Step S7 of changing the operating state of the plant, the evaluation device 31 outputs a control signal to the control unit 30 to change the operating state of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 so as to reduce the temperature difference ΔT. The control unit 30, having received this control signal, changes the operating state of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant 10 so as to reduce the temperature difference ΔT, as described above.

[0060] According to the plant operation management method of some embodiments, the possibility of damage to the porous filter 24 can be reduced.

[0061] The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but also includes modifications to the above-described embodiments and appropriate combinations of these modifications.

[0062] The contents of each of the above embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows. (1) An operation management method for a dust collector according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a method for managing operation of a dust collector (porous filter device 22). The dust collector (porous filter device 22) includes a main container (porous filter container 23) to which dust-containing gas is introduced, a plurality of porous filters 24 provided inside the main container (porous filter container 23) for filtering the dust-containing gas, a tube sheet 25 that supports end regions 24U on one side (upper side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of the plurality of porous filters 24 inside the main container (porous filter container 23), and a restraining portion 27 that restrains end regions 24L on the other side (lower side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of the plurality of porous filters 24 inside the main container (porous filter container 23). A method for managing the operation of a dust collector according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes step S3 of acquiring a temperature difference ΔT between the temperature Tu of one surface (upper surface 25U) of the tube sheet 25 in the thickness direction and the temperature Tl of the other surface (lower surface 25L), and step S5 of evaluating the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 due to deformation of the tube sheet 25 caused by the temperature difference ΔT based on the temperature difference ΔT acquired in step S3 of acquiring the temperature difference ΔT.

[0063] According to the method (1) above, it is possible to evaluate the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 caused by deformation of the tube sheet 25 due to the temperature difference ΔT, based on the temperature difference ΔT of the tube sheet 25. This makes it possible to determine whether or not measures to avoid damage to the porous filter 24 are necessary, which contributes to reducing the possibility of damage to the porous filter 24.

[0064] (2) In some embodiments, in the method (1) above, in step S5 of evaluating the risk of breakage, it may be confirmed that the temperature difference ΔT falls within a predetermined control temperature range ΔTth, in which the stress (bending moment M) generated in the porous filter 24 due to deformation is equal to or less than the threshold value Mth.

[0065] According to the above method (2), the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 can be evaluated relatively easily.

[0066] (3) In some embodiments, in the method (1) above, in step S5 of assessing the risk of breakage, the stress (bending moment M) generated in the porous filter 24 due to deformation may be calculated based on the temperature difference ΔT, and it may be confirmed that the calculated stress (bending moment M) is equal to or less than the threshold value Mth.

[0067] According to the above method (3), the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 can be evaluated relatively easily.

[0068] (4) In some embodiments, in the method (2) or (3) above, the stress (bending moment M) may be a stress generated in the porous filter 24 supported in the outer peripheral region 25o of the tube sheet 25.

[0069] Due to the temperature difference ΔT in the tube sheet 25, the tube sheet 25 deflects in the thickness direction toward the inner peripheral region 25i, which is farther from the periphery, than toward the peripheral region (outer peripheral region 25o). Therefore, the deflection angle θ of the tube sheet 25 increases as the tube sheet approaches the periphery from the inner peripheral region 25i. Therefore, when the deflection (deformation) of the tube sheet 25 described above occurs, a larger bending moment is generated in the porous filter 24 supported in the outer peripheral region 25o than in the porous filter 24 supported in the inner peripheral region 25i of the tube sheet 25. According to the method (4) described above, it can be confirmed that the stress generated in the porous filter 24 supported in the outer peripheral region 25o of the tube sheet 25, where a larger bending moment is generated, is equal to or less than the threshold value Mth, so that the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 is evaluated on the safe side.

[0070] (5) In some embodiments, in any of the methods (1) to (4) above, in step S3 of acquiring the temperature difference ΔT, it is preferable to acquire the temperature difference ΔT in the inner region 25i of the tube sheet 25.

[0071] For example, when dust-containing gas flows into the main container (porous filter container 23) at a position closer to the region 25i on the inner periphery than to the outer periphery of the tube sheet 25, the temperature difference ΔT between the surface temperature on one side and the surface temperature on the other side in the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25 is larger in the region 25i on the inner periphery than in the region 25i on the outer periphery of the tube sheet 25. In such a case, the method (5) above obtains the temperature difference ΔT in the region 25i on the inner periphery of the tube sheet 25, where the temperature difference ΔT is larger, so that the stress generated in the porous filter 24 is calculated to be larger, and the risk of breakage of the porous filter 24 is evaluated on the safe side.

[0072] (6) In some embodiments, any of the methods (2) to (4) above may include a step S1 of calculating the threshold value Mth based on the usage history of the porous filter 24.

[0073] For example, a process such as pickling to unclog the porous filter 24 reduces the stress (bending moment M) that the porous filter 24 can tolerate compared to the porous filter 24 before the process. According to the method (6) above, the calculated threshold value Mth approaches an appropriate value based on the usage history of the porous filter 24.

[0074] (7) In some embodiments, in any of the methods (1) to (6) above, in step S3 of acquiring the temperature difference ΔT, the temperature difference ΔT may be estimated and acquired from the measured temperature of the tube sheet 25.

[0075] According to the method (7) above, even if it is difficult to measure the temperature of the surface on one side of the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25 and the temperature of the surface on the other side, the temperature difference ΔT between the temperature of the surface on one side of the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25 and the temperature of the surface on the other side can be obtained.

[0076] (8) In some embodiments, in the method of (7) above, in step S3 of acquiring the temperature difference ΔT, the temperature difference ΔT may be estimated and acquired from the temperature measured at the through hole 25h that penetrates the tube sheet 25 in the thickness direction.

[0077] According to the method (8) above, the temperatures Tu' and Tl' are less susceptible to the influence of the ambient temperature and dust particles in the dust-containing gas when measuring them.

[0078] (9) A dust collecting device (porous filter device 22) according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a dust collecting device for filtering a dust-containing gas. The dust collecting device (porous filter device 22) according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a main container (porous filter container 23) to which a dust-containing gas is introduced, a plurality of porous filters 24 provided inside the main container (porous filter container 23) for filtering the dust-containing gas, a tube sheet 25 supporting end regions 24U on one side (upper side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of the plurality of porous filters 24 inside the main container (porous filter container 23), and a tube sheet 25 supporting end regions 24U on the other side (lower side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of the plurality of porous filters 24 inside the main container (porous filter container 23). the temperature sensors 33 (upper temperature sensor 33U, lower temperature sensor 33L) for measuring the temperature of the tube sheet 25; and an evaluation device 31 capable of acquiring a temperature difference ΔT between the temperature Tu of one surface (upper surface 25U) in the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25 and the temperature Tl of the other surface (lower surface 25L) based on the temperatures Tu' and Tl' measured by the temperature sensors 33 (upper temperature sensor 33U, lower temperature sensor 33L), and of evaluating the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 due to deformation of the tube sheet 25 caused by the temperature difference ΔT based on the acquired temperature difference ΔT.

[0079] According to the configuration of (9) above, it is possible to evaluate the risk of damage to the porous filter 24 caused by deformation of the tube sheet 25 due to the temperature difference ΔT of the tube sheet 25, based on the temperature difference ΔT of the tube sheet 25. This makes it possible to determine whether or not measures to avoid damage to the porous filter 24 are necessary, which contributes to reducing the possibility of damage to the porous filter 24.

[0080] (10) An operation management method for a plant including a dust collector according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is an operation management method for a plant (an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 10) including a dust collector (a porous filter device 22). The dust collector (porous filter device 22) includes: a main container (porous filter container 23) to which dust-containing gas is introduced; a plurality of porous filters 24 provided inside the main container (porous filter container 23) for filtering the dust-containing gas; a tube sheet 25 that supports end regions 24U on one side (upper side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container (porous filter container 23); and a restraint portion 27 that restrains end regions 24L on the other side (lower side) in the extension direction (vertical direction) of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container (porous filter container 23). A method for managing operation of a plant including a dust collector according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes step S3 of acquiring a temperature difference ΔT between a temperature Tu of the surface (upper surface 25U) on one side in the thickness direction of the tube sheet 25 and a temperature Tl of the surface (lower surface 25L) on the other side; step S5 of evaluating, based on the temperature difference ΔT acquired in step S3 of acquiring the temperature difference ΔT, a risk of damage to the porous filter 24 caused by deformation of the tube sheet 25 due to the temperature difference ΔT; and step S7 of changing the operating state of the plant (integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 10) so as to suppress the temperature difference ΔT if it is determined in step S5 of assessing the risk of damage that the risk of damage is high.

[0081] According to the method (10) above, the possibility of the porous filter 24 being damaged can be reduced.

[0082] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10: Integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 11: Coal supply facility 11a: Coal supply line 12: Fuel supply line 14: Gasifier facility 15: Char recovery facility 16: Gas purification facility 17: Gas turbine 18: Steam turbine 19: Generator 20: Heat recovery boiler 22: Porous filter device 22a: Pre-filtration space 22b: Post-filtration space 23: Porous filter vessel 24: Porous filter 24U: End region 24L: End region 25: Tube plate 25h: Through hole 25i: Region 25L: Lower surface 25o: Region 25U: Upper surface 26: Char discharge path 26a: On-off valve 27: Restraint unit 30: Control unit 31: Evaluation device 33: Temperature sensor 33U : Upper temperature sensor 33L : Lower temperature sensor 35 : Cover member 41 : Compressed air supply line 42 : Air separation equipment 43 : First nitrogen supply line 45 : Second nitrogen supply line 46 : Char return line 47 : Oxygen supply line 48 : Foreign matter removal equipment 49 : Produced gas line 49d : Downstream end 51 : Dust collection equipment 52 : Supply hopper 53 : Gas discharge line 61 : Compressor 62 : Combustor 63 : Turbine 64 : Rotating shaft 65 : Compressed air supply line 66 : Fuel gas supply line 67 : Combustion gas supply line 68 : Booster 69 : Turbine 70 : Exhaust gas line 71 : Steam supply line 72 : Steam recovery line 73 : Condenser 74 : Gas purification equipment 75 : Chimney AX : Central axis M : Bending moment Mth : Threshold value △T : Temperature difference △Tth : Control temperature range Tl : Temperature Tl' : Temperature Tu : Temperature Tu' : Temperature

Claims

1. A method for managing the operation of a dust collector, comprising: a main container into which dust-containing gas is introduced; a plurality of porous filters provided inside the main container for filtering the dust-containing gas; a tube sheet supporting end regions on one side in an extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; and a restraining portion restraining end regions on the other side in the extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; and the method for managing the operation of a dust collector, comprising: a step of acquiring a temperature difference between a surface temperature on one side and a surface temperature on the other side in a thickness direction of the tube sheet; and a step of evaluating a risk of damage to the porous filters due to deformation of the tube sheet due to the temperature difference, based on the temperature difference acquired in the step of acquiring the temperature difference.

2. The method for managing the operation of a dust collection device as described in claim 1, wherein in the step of evaluating the risk of damage, it is confirmed that the temperature difference falls within a predetermined controlled temperature range in which the stress generated in the porous filter due to the deformation is below a threshold value.

3. The method for managing an operation of a dust collection device as described in claim 1, wherein in the step of evaluating the risk of damage, the stress generated in the porous filter due to the deformation is calculated based on the temperature difference, and it is confirmed that the calculated stress is below a threshold value.

4. The method for managing operation of a dust collector according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the stress is a stress generated in the porous filter supported on an outer peripheral area of ​​the tube sheet.

5. The method for managing operation of a dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step of acquiring the temperature difference, the temperature difference in an area on an inner periphery of the tube sheet is acquired.

6. The method for managing operation of a dust collecting device according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising: a step of calculating the threshold value based on a usage history of the porous filter.

7. The method for managing an operation of a dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step of acquiring the temperature difference, the temperature difference is acquired by estimating it from the measured temperature of the tube sheet.

8. The method for managing an operation of a dust collector according to claim 7, wherein in the step of acquiring the temperature difference, the temperature difference is acquired by estimating it from a temperature measured at a through hole penetrating the tube sheet in a thickness direction.

9. A dust collecting device for filtering dust-containing gas, comprising: a main container into which dust-containing gas is introduced; a plurality of porous filters provided inside the main container for filtering the dust-containing gas; a tube sheet supporting end regions on one side in an extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; a restraining portion restraining end regions on the other side in the extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main container; a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the tube sheet; and an evaluation device capable of obtaining a temperature difference between a surface temperature on one side and a surface temperature on the other side in the thickness direction of the tube sheet based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and of evaluating a risk of damage to the porous filter due to deformation of the tube sheet due to the temperature difference based on the obtained temperature difference.

10. A method for managing the operation of a plant equipped with a dust collector, wherein the dust collector has: a main vessel into which dust-containing gas is guided; a plurality of porous filters provided inside the main vessel for filtering the dust-containing gas; a tube sheet supporting end regions on one side in an extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main vessel; and a restraining portion restraining end regions on the other side in the extension direction of the plurality of porous filters inside the main vessel, the method comprising the steps of: acquiring a temperature difference between a surface temperature on one side and a surface temperature on the other side in a thickness direction of the tube sheet; evaluating a risk of damage to the porous filter due to deformation of the tube sheet due to the temperature difference based on the temperature difference acquired in the step of acquiring the temperature difference; and, if the risk of damage is determined to be high in the step of evaluating the risk of damage, changing an operating state of the plant so as to suppress the temperature difference.

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