Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon breakage, and reactor cooling system

Abstract

A passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon breakage, and a reactor cooling system. The passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon breakage comprises: a heat exchanger (4); a circulation pump (5), an outlet end of the circulation pump (5) being in communication with an inlet end of the heat exchanger (4); an inlet pipeline (1) with one end being inserted into a reactor core storage pool (3) and the other end being in communication with an outlet end of the heat exchanger (4); an outlet pipeline (2) with one end being in communication with an outlet end of a reactor core (7) and the other end being in communication with an inlet end of the circulation pump (5); and a siphon breakage mechanism (6) arranged in the inlet pipeline (1) and / or the outlet pipeline (2) and configured to break a siphon effect caused by a rupture in the inlet pipeline (1) and / or the outlet pipeline (2).

Description

Passive core protection mechanism and reactor cooling system based on siphon destruction

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202311190803.3, filed on September 15, 2023, entitled “Passive core protection mechanism and reactor cooling system based on siphon destruction,” and the entire contents of that application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor cooling, and in particular to a passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction and a reactor cooling system. Background Art

[0004] In traditional pressurized water reactors (PWRs), the reactor cooling system is a closed loop. During reactor operation, the fission of the nuclear fuel in the core generates significant heat, which is transferred from the primary coolant system to the secondary and tertiary coolant loops to maintain core stability. If a failure occurs in any link in this loop, the core heat cannot be removed promptly as normal. This can lead to insufficient cooling capacity, overheating, and even core damage, posing a serious threat to reactor safety. In nuclear reactors, core integrity is crucial for preventing radioactive leaks, and core cooling is therefore crucial to reactor safety.

[0005] Compared to traditional reactors, pool-type reactors have an open cooling system. The reactor pool has a large water storage capacity, and the core nuclear fuel is immersed in the reactor pool. During normal operation, the primary coolant is driven by a main circulation pump. The primary coolant enters from the top of the core, flows through the core, and then enters the primary cooling system pipes. The primary cooling system transfers heat to the secondary cooling water system, thereby removing heat generated by the core. After shutdown in an accident condition, the pool water naturally circulates due to temperature differences, removing core decay heat, which greatly increases the safety of pool-type reactors.

[0006] However, if a breach or rupture occurs in the primary cooling system's pressure boundary, coolant will continue to flow out of the breach, driven by the potential pressure between the breach and the pool surface. This in turn causes the water in the reactor pool to be continuously drained. This phenomenon is known as siphoning. Siphoning is a common fluid mechanics phenomenon in which liquid, under the influence of liquid surface pressure (usually atmospheric pressure), rises to the highest point of a curved pipe and then flows to a lower point under the influence of gravity. In a pool-type research reactor, the primary cooling system piping is connected to the lower portion of the reactor core, meaning the pool outlet section of the primary cooling system piping is located at the bottom of the reactor pool. If a breach occurs, the reactor pool liquid level will continue to drop due to siphoning, potentially exposing the core at the bottom of the reactor pool and threatening the reactor's safety.

[0007] Based on this, the present invention proposes a passive core protection mechanism and a reactor cooling system based on siphon destruction, in order to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a passive core protection mechanism and reactor cooling system based on siphon destruction, so as to overcome the defect that the pool-type reactor cooling system in the existing technology is susceptible to the siphon effect and thus creates safety hazards.

[0010] A first aspect of the present invention provides a passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction, comprising:

[0011] heat exchangers;

[0012] a circulation pump, wherein the outlet end of the circulation pump is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchanger;

[0013] an inlet pipeline, one end of which is inserted into the core placement pool and the other end of which is connected to the outlet of the heat exchanger;

[0014] an outlet pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the core and the other end of which is connected to the inlet of the circulating pump;

[0015] The siphon destroying mechanism is provided on the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline and is used to destroy the siphon effect caused by a rupture in the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, the siphon breaking mechanism is at least one of a first siphon breaking hole, a connecting pipe and a siphon breaking pipeline.

[0017] Preferably, the siphon breaking mechanism is a first siphon breaking hole or a connecting pipe.

[0018] The siphon breaking mechanism is provided on the inlet pipeline and is located in the core placement pool.

[0019] The connection end between the inlet pipeline and the core placement pool is located above the core.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline, and the other end extends upward along the axial direction thereof.

[0021] The connecting pipe is provided with a plurality of second siphon breaking holes.

[0022] The axial direction of the connecting pipe is consistent with the vertical direction of the core placement pool.

[0023] Preferably, the siphon breaking mechanism is the siphon breaking pipeline.

[0024] One end of the siphon destruction pipeline is connected to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline, and the other end extends into the core placement pool and extends toward the core.

[0025] Preferably, at least one siphon breaking valve is provided on the siphon breaking pipeline.

[0026] The siphon breaking valve includes a float valve and a float connected to the float valve.

[0027] Preferably, the siphon breaking pipeline extends to one end of the core placement pool and is connected to a first branch siphon breaking pipeline and a second branch siphon breaking pipeline.

[0028] The first branch siphon breaking pipeline is provided with a first float valve.

[0029] A second float valve is provided on the second branch siphon breaking pipeline.

[0030] When the first float valve and the second float valve are in a fully open state, the liquid level height corresponding to the first float valve and the liquid level height corresponding to the second float valve are not equal.

[0031] Preferably, the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline are both provided with the siphon breaking mechanism.

[0032] One of the two siphon breaking mechanisms is the first siphon breaking hole, and the other siphon breaking mechanism is the siphon breaking pipeline.

[0033] A second aspect of the present invention provides a reactor cooling system, comprising:

[0034] core placement pool;

[0035] A core is placed at the bottom of the core placement pool; and

[0036] The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction as described above is used to remove the heat generated by the core.

[0037] Preferably, the core is placed on a side of the core placement pool close to the outlet pipeline.

[0038] The outlet end of the core is arranged on a side adjacent to the outlet pipeline.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0040] The present invention is a passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction. A siphon destruction mechanism is provided on the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline to destroy the siphon effect caused by a rupture in the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to maintain. The passive technology is used to reduce the pressure difference between the liquid in the core placement pool and the rupture position, thereby achieving the purpose of destroying the siphon phenomenon, so that the liquid level in the reaction pool is maintained at a certain height. The present invention has a high degree of safety and reliability and can effectively improve the safety of the pool-type reactor.

[0041] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application.

[0043] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of FIG1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the siphon breaking pipeline in an embodiment of the present invention (one of the siphon breaking pipelines is in a fully open state);

[0046] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the siphon breaking pipelines in an embodiment of the present invention (both siphon breaking pipelines are in a fully open state);

[0047] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a siphon breaking pipeline in an embodiment of the present invention (one end of the two-branch siphon breaking pipeline is exposed to the air);

[0048] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in FIG1 (the first siphon breaking hole is replaced by a connecting pipe);

[0049] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention (both siphon breaking mechanisms are siphon breaking pipelines);

[0050] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the siphon breaking pipeline in FIG1 provided with a siphon breaking valve;

[0051] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchanger and the circulating pump in FIG1 ;

[0052] 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention (the siphon breaking mechanism on the inlet pipeline is a siphon breaking pipeline, and the siphon breaking mechanism on the outlet pipeline is a first siphon breaking hole).

[0053] Reference numerals:

[0054] 1- Import pipeline;

[0055] 11- Import connection end;

[0056] h1-the height of the inlet connection end in the core placement pool;

[0057] 2-Export pipeline;

[0058] 21- outlet connection end;

[0059] h2-the height of the outlet connection end in the core placement pool;

[0060] 3-Core placement pool;

[0061] h3-the height of the water in the core placement pool;

[0062] 4-heat exchanger;

[0063] 5-circulation pump;

[0064] 6- Siphon destruction mechanism;

[0065] 61-first siphon destruction hole;

[0066] h 61 -The height of the first siphon destruction hole in the core placement pool;

[0067] 62-siphon destruction pipeline;

[0068] 621-first branch siphon destruction pipeline;

[0069] h 621 -The height of one end of the first branch siphon breaking line in the core placement pool;

[0070] 6211-first float valve;

[0071] 6212-first float;

[0072] h 6212 -The height of the first float in the core placement pool;

[0073] 622-Second branch siphon destruction pipeline;

[0074] h 622 -The height of one end of the second branch siphon breaking line in the core placement pool;

[0075] 6221-second float valve;

[0076] 6222-second float;

[0077] h 6222 -The height of the second float in the core placement pool;

[0078] 63-connecting pipe;

[0079] 631-Second siphon destruction hole;

[0080] h 63 -The height of the lowest second siphon breaking hole on the connecting pipe within the core placement pool;

[0081] 7-core;

[0082] h7 - height of the core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of part of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a siphon destroying pipeline 62 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the second float valve 6221 is in a fully open state; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a siphon destroying pipeline 62 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein both float valves are in a fully open state; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a siphon destroying pipeline 62 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein one end of the two branch siphon destroying pipelines is exposed to the air.

[0085] As shown in Figure 1, the reactor cooling system includes a core placement pool 3, a core 7 and a passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction, wherein the passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction is used to remove the heat generated by the core 7, and includes an inlet pipeline 1 and an outlet pipeline 2. The inlet pipeline 1 and the outlet pipeline 2 are respectively provided with a siphon destruction mechanism 6, which is used to destroy the siphon effect caused by a rupture in the inlet pipeline 1 and / or the outlet pipeline 2. The siphon destruction mechanism 6 on the inlet pipeline 1 is a first siphon destruction hole 61, and the siphon destruction mechanism 6 on the outlet pipeline 2 is a siphon destruction pipeline 62.

[0086] The coolant circulating in the inlet pipeline 1 , the outlet pipeline 2 and the core placement pool 3 is described by taking water as an example, but is not limited to this.

[0087] The direction of the coolant in the reactor cooling system is as follows: water enters from the top of the core 7 and is then discharged from the outlet end at the bottom of the core 7. The water entering from the top of the core 7 takes away the heat inside the core 7 and becomes hot water. The hot water enters the outlet pipeline 2. Driven by the circulating pump 5, the outlet pipeline 2 takes out the hot water in the outlet pipeline 2 and transports it to the heat exchanger 4. After heat exchange, the heat exchanger 4 takes away the heat. The water in the inlet pipeline 1 becomes cold water and is then introduced into the core placement pool 3. This cycle completes the cooling of the core 7.

[0088] The core 7 is placed at the bottom of the core placement pool 3, and the outlet end of the core 7 is set on the side adjacent to the outlet pipeline 2, which reduces the amount of heat exchange between the outlet pipeline 2 and the water in the core placement pool 3. This can improve the efficiency of heat removal from the core 7 and ensure that the water in the core placement pool 3 is at a relatively low temperature.

[0089] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, one end of the inlet pipeline 1 passes through the side wall of the core placement pool 3 and is inserted into the core placement pool 3, and the other end is connected to the outlet end of the heat exchanger 4; one end of the outlet pipeline 2 passes through the side wall of the core placement pool 3 and is connected to the outlet end of the core 7, and the other end is connected to the inlet end of the circulation pump 5; the inlet end of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the outlet end of the circulation pump 5; as shown in Figure 2, a siphon breaking mechanism 6 is provided on the inlet pipeline 1, and the siphon breaking mechanism 6 is a first siphon breaking hole 61. The first siphon breaking hole 61 is an opening with a circular cross-section. The specific shape can also be polygonal, irregular, etc., which is not limited here. The first siphon breaking hole 61 is located in the core placement pool 3, and the height h of the first siphon breaking hole 61 in the core placement pool 3 is 61 The height h7 of the core 7 is greater than that of the core 7 to avoid a rupture on the inlet pipeline 1. The height h3 of the water in the core placement pool 3 is lower than the height h7 of the core 7, causing the core 7 to be exposed to the air. As shown in FIG1 , a siphon destruction mechanism 6 is provided on the outlet pipeline 2. The siphon destruction mechanism 6 is a siphon destruction pipeline 62. One end of the siphon destruction pipeline 62 is connected to the outlet pipeline 2, and the other end is connected to a first branch siphon destruction pipeline 621 and a second branch siphon destruction pipeline 622. The first branch siphon destruction pipeline 621 and the second branch siphon destruction pipeline 622 both extend into the core placement pool 3 and flow to the outlet pipeline 2. The siphon destroying pipeline 621 and the second branch siphon destroying pipeline 622 extend in the direction of the core 7, and one end of the first branch siphon destroying pipeline 621 and the second branch siphon destroying pipeline 622 are close to the core 7, so as to suck out the hot water near the core 7 and take away the heat. The first branch siphon destroying pipeline 621 is provided with a first siphon destroying valve, which includes a first float valve 6211 and a first float 6212 connected to the first float valve 6211. The second branch siphon destroying pipeline 622 is provided with a second siphon destroying valve, which includes a second float valve 6221 and a second float 6222 connected to the second float valve 6221.

[0090] The connection between inlet pipeline 1 and the side wall of core storage pool 3 is inlet connection end 11 (herein, the hump of inlet pipeline 1). The height of inlet connection end 11 in core storage pool 3 is h1. Inlet connection end 11 is located above core 7, that is, the height h1 of inlet connection end 11 in core storage pool 3 is greater than the height h7 of core 7. The connection between outlet pipeline 2 and the side wall of core storage pool 3 is outlet connection end 21 (herein, the hump of outlet pipeline 2). The height of outlet connection end 21 in core storage pool 3 is h2. The sizes of h1 and h2 can be equal or unequal. Equality is used as an example for illustration, but this is not a limitation.

[0091] The heights h1 and h2 of the two connecting ends are taken as standard heights (if h1 and h2 are not equal, the lower height is taken as the standard height). The standard height is higher than the height h7 of the core 7. The rupture generally occurs on the inlet pipeline 1 and / or outlet pipeline 2 outside the core placement pool 3, and the heights of the inlet pipeline 1 and outlet pipeline 2 outside the core placement pool 3 are lower than the standard height. Therefore, when the rupture occurs, a siphon effect will be triggered, and the water in the core placement pool 3 will be sucked out of the core placement pool 3, causing the height h3 of the water in the core placement pool 3 to gradually decrease. When the height h3 of the water in the core placement pool 3 is less than or equal to the height h7 of the core 7, the core 7 will be exposed to the air. In order to avoid such a situation, a siphon destruction mechanism 6 is set on the inlet pipeline 1 and / or outlet pipeline 2 to destroy the siphon effect, so that the height h3 of the water in the core placement pool 3 is maintained near the standard height.

[0092] When a rupture occurs on the inlet pipeline 1 and / or the outlet pipeline 2, the water in the core placement pool 3 flows out of the core placement pool 3, and the water height h3 in the core placement pool 3 gradually decreases.

[0093] As shown in FIG2 , when the water level h3 in the core placement pool 3 is reduced to the same level as the first siphon breaking hole 61 in the core placement pool 3, 61 When the pressures are equal, the first siphon breaking hole 61 is connected to the external air, and the air enters the primary cooling system pipeline through the first siphon breaking hole 61, forming a two-phase flow with air and water entrained, increasing the friction pressure drop of the pipeline and slowing down the water discharge speed at the rupture point, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the pressure difference at both ends of the pipeline and breaking the siphon phenomenon, so that the liquid level in the reactor water pool 3 is maintained at a certain height.

[0094] At the same time, the water level of the core placement pool 3 drops, and the float valve gradually opens as the float drops. As shown in FIG5 , when one end of the first branch siphon breaking pipeline 621 is at a height h in the core placement pool 3, 621 When the height h3 of the water in the core placement pool 3 is greater than or equal to 3, one end of the first branch siphon destruction pipeline 621 is exposed to the air; when the height h3 of the water in the core placement pool 3 is greater than or equal to 3, one end of the second branch siphon destruction pipeline 622 is exposed to the air;622 When the height h3 of the water in the core placement pool 3 is greater than or equal to 3, one end of the second branch siphon breaking pipeline 622 is exposed to the air. 621 and h 622 The size of the two heights can be set as needed and is not limited to being equal. Under the action of the circulating pump 5, external air is sucked into the outlet pipeline 2, forming a two-phase flow with air and water entrainment in the outlet pipeline 2, destroying the negative flow pressure, isolating the water flow, and preventing further water loss, thereby ensuring that the core 7 is immersed in the water of the core placement pool 3, ensuring the safety of the core 7.

[0095] As shown in FIG3 and FIG4, the first float valve 6211 and the second float valve 6221 are in the fully open state, and the first float 6212 is at a height h in the core placement pool 3. 6212 and the height h of the second float 6222 in the core placement pool 3 6222 If they are not equal, the amount of gas entering the inlet pipeline 1 and the outlet pipeline 2 can be adjusted as needed.

[0096] During the process of gradually decreasing the water height h3 in the core placement pool 3, the first float 6212 is at a height h3 in the core placement pool 3. 6212 and the height h of the second float 6222 in the core placement pool 3 6222 The first float valve 6211 and the second float valve 6221 also gradually open. As shown in FIG3 , the second float 6222 is at a height h in the core placement pool 3. 6222 , relying on gravity to fully open the second float valve 6221 through the lever action, when one end of the second branch siphon breaking pipeline 622 is connected to the outside air, air enters the outlet pipeline 2 through the second branch siphon breaking pipeline 622 where the second float valve 6221 is located, so as to destroy the siphon effect; when the amount of gas introduced is insufficient, the water in the core placement pool 3 is gradually lost, and the water height h3 in the core placement pool 3 continues to decrease. As shown in FIG4 , the height h3 of the first float 6212 in the core placement pool 3 is 6212 The first float valve 6211 is in a fully open state, which further increases the amount of gas entering the outlet pipeline 2, forming a two-phase flow of gas and water entrainment in the pipeline, destroying the flow negative pressure and isolating the water flow to meet the demand of destroying the siphon effect, thereby avoiding excessive loss of water in the core placement pool 3.

[0097] When the first float valve 6211 and the second float valve 6221 are fully opened, the first float 6212 is at a height h in the core placement pool 3. 6212 and the height h of the second float 6222 in the core placement pool 3 6222Alternatively, they can be equal, thus forming a redundant design to prevent one float from being damaged and thus failing to disrupt the siphon effect. Specifically, when the water level h3 in the core placement pool 3 drops to a certain level, the first float valve 6211 and the second float valve 6221 are opened simultaneously, and the two branched destruction pipelines merge and connect to the outlet pipeline 2.

[0098] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, during normal operation, the first float valve 6211 and the second float valve 6221 are closed, the first siphon breaking hole 61 is submerged in the water of the core placement pool 3, and the circulation pump 5 is turned on to cause the water in the inlet pipeline 1 and the outlet pipeline 2 to flow. The water enters from above the core 7, flows through the core 7, and then enters the outlet end of the core 7. Then, it flows through the circulation pump 5 and the heat exchanger 4 through the outlet pipeline 2. The heat exchanger 4 removes the heat in the pipes, and the water enters the core placement pool 3 through the inlet pipeline 1, thereby removing the heat generated by the core 7. The cooled water returns to the core placement pool 3 through the inlet pipeline 1, thereby achieving cooling of the core 7 under normal operating conditions.

[0099] When a breach occurs in the inlet or outlet pipeline 1, water will continuously flow out of the breach due to the hydraulic pressure between the breach site and the water surface of the core placement pool 3. This in turn causes the water in the core placement pool 3 to be continuously drained, and the liquid level in the core placement pool 3 to continue to drop. As the liquid level in the core placement pool 3 drops, the first and second floats 6212 and 6222 of the first and second float valves 6211 and 6221, located at the liquid surface of the core placement pool 3, descend. Due to their own gravity, the first and second float valves 6211 and 6221 open through the lever action, allowing outside air to enter the siphon breaking pipeline 62 through the first and second float valves 6211 and 6221, and then into the outlet pipeline 2, forming a two-phase flow with air and water entrained in the pipeline, breaking the negative pressure, isolating the water flow, and preventing further water loss.

[0100] FIG6 is a partial structural diagram of FIG1 , in which the first siphon breaking hole 61 is replaced by a connecting pipe 63 .

[0101] As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 6, the first siphon breaking hole 61 in Figure 1 can be replaced by a connecting pipe 63. The connecting pipe 63 is provided on the inlet pipeline 1 and is located in the core placement pool 3. The connecting pipe 63 is provided with a plurality of second siphon breaking holes 631 spaced apart along its axial direction. The connecting pipe 63 is connected to the inlet pipeline 1. The axial direction of the connecting pipe 63 is consistent with the vertical direction of the core placement pool 3. The height h of the lowest second siphon breaking hole 631 on the connecting pipe 63 in the core placement pool 3 is 63 The specific structure of the connecting pipe 63 can be adjusted according to the needs, and the number of the second siphon breaking holes 631 on the connecting pipe 63 is not limited here.

[0102] The second siphon breaking holes 631 of different heights are provided on the connecting pipe 63. As the water in the core placement pool 3 is lost, the amount of gas entering the inlet pipeline 1 and the outlet pipeline 2 from the outside can be increased, thereby helping to increase and slow down the discharge speed of water at the rupture point, quickly eliminating the pressure difference between the water in the core placement pool 3 and the rupture point, thereby achieving the purpose of destroying the siphon effect and maintaining the water in the core placement pool 3 at a certain height.

[0103] In order to prevent the water in the inlet pipeline 1 and the outlet pipeline 2 from flowing out of the core placement pool 3, the first siphon breaking hole 61 and the connecting pipe 63 are both arranged inside the core placement pool 3. The height h of the first siphon breaking hole 61 in the core placement pool 3 is 1. 61 and the height h of the lowest second siphon breaking hole 631 on the connecting pipe 63 in the core placement pool 3 63 They are all higher than the height h7 of the core 7, thereby preventing the core 7 from being exposed to the air.

[0104] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the two siphon breaking mechanisms 6 are both siphon breaking pipelines 62 .

[0105] As shown in Figure 7 , both inlet pipeline 1 and outlet pipeline 2 are equipped with siphon breaking mechanisms 6 , each of which is a siphon breaking pipeline 62 . The remaining structure is the same as that of Figure 1 . During normal system operation or when a siphon rupture occurs, the operating method is the same as that of the above-described embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0106] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the siphon breaking pipeline 62 in FIG1 provided with a siphon breaking valve.

[0107] As shown in Figure 8 , both inlet and outlet pipelines 1 and 2 are equipped with siphon-breaking mechanisms 6 . Siphon-breaking mechanism 6 on inlet pipeline 1 is a first siphon-breaking hole 61, while siphon-breaking mechanism 6 on outlet pipeline 2 is a siphon-breaking pipeline 62. Compared to Figure 1 , the only difference is that siphon-breaking pipeline 62 is equipped with only one siphon-breaking valve, a first float valve 6211 and a first float 6212 connected to first float valve 6211. The remaining structure is identical to that of Figure 1 . During normal system operation or when a rupture occurs, the system operates in the same manner as in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0108] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram showing that the heat exchanger 4 and the circulating pump 5 in FIG1 are both one.

[0109] Compared with FIG1 , FIG9 is different only in that only one heat exchanger 4 and one circulation pump 5 are connected. The number of heat exchangers 4 and circulation pumps 5 can be one, two, or more, which is not limited here.

[0110] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The siphon breaking mechanism 6 on the inlet pipeline 1 is a siphon breaking pipeline 62 , and the siphon breaking mechanism 6 on the outlet pipeline 2 is a first siphon breaking hole 61 .

[0111] Compared to Figure 1 , Figure 10 differs only in that inlet pipeline 1 is provided with a siphon breaking line 62, and outlet pipeline 2 is provided with a first siphon breaking hole 61. The remaining structure is identical to that of Figure 1 . During normal system operation or in the event of a siphon rupture, the operating method is identical to that of the aforementioned embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0112] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction, characterized in that: include: Heat exchanger; A circulation pump, wherein the outlet end of the circulation pump is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchanger; An inlet pipeline, one end of which is inserted into the core placement pool and the other end of which is connected to the outlet of the heat exchanger; An outlet pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlet end of the core, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet end of the circulating pump; The siphon destroying mechanism is arranged on the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline, and is used to destroy the siphon effect caused by a breach in the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline.

2. The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The siphon breaking mechanism is at least one of a first siphon breaking hole, a connecting pipe and a siphon breaking pipeline.

3. The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The siphon breaking mechanism is a first siphon breaking hole or a connecting pipe, The siphon breaking mechanism is arranged on the inlet pipeline, and the siphon breaking mechanism is located in the core placement pool, The connection end between the inlet pipeline and the core placement pool is located above the core.

4. The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline, and the other end extends upward along the axial direction thereof. The connecting pipe is provided with a plurality of second siphon breaking holes. The axial direction of the connecting pipe is consistent with the vertical direction of the core placement pool.

5. The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The siphon breaking mechanism is the siphon breaking pipeline, One end of the siphon destruction pipeline is connected to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline, and the other end extends into the core placement pool and extends toward the core.

6. The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one siphon breaking valve is provided on the siphon breaking pipeline. The siphon breaking valve comprises a float valve and a float connected to the float valve.

7. The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The siphon breaking pipeline extends to one end of the core placement pool and is connected to a first branch siphon breaking pipeline and a second branch siphon breaking pipeline. The first branch siphon breaking pipeline is provided with a first float valve. The second branch siphon breaking pipeline is provided with a second float valve. When the first float valve and the second float valve are in a fully open state, the first float valve The liquid level height corresponding to the first valve is not equal to the liquid level height corresponding to the second float valve.

8. The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline are both provided with the siphon breaking mechanism. One of the two siphon breaking mechanisms is the first siphon breaking hole, and the other siphon breaking mechanism is the siphon breaking pipeline.

9. A reactor cooling system, characterized in that: include: Core placement pool; A core is placed at the bottom of the core placement pool; as well as The passive core protection mechanism based on siphon destruction as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to remove the heat generated by the core.

10. The reactor cooling system according to claim 9, The core is placed on one side of the core placement pool close to the export pipeline. The outlet end of the core is arranged on a side adjacent to the outlet pipeline.

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