Burner and combustion control method
The burner design with separate combustion air conduits and gas spray guns optimizes combustion air staging, reducing NOx emissions by promoting oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/122033
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing burners struggle to optimize the staging of combustion air, leading to higher NOx emissions.
The burner design includes a wind box, refractory tile, and separate first and second gas spray guns with corresponding combustion air conduits. The first combustion air conduit is arranged inside the refractory tile, while the second is outside, allowing for controlled oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas and further reduction of NOx emissions.
This configuration enables precise control of the combustion process, reducing NOx emissions by ensuring oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas and minimizing the generation of NOx during the combustion of both primary and secondary gases.
Smart Images

Figure CN2023122033_03042025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
BURNER AND COMBUSTION CONTROL METHODTechnical field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of staged combustion of a burner and more particular to a burner and a combustion control method.Background
[0002] In recent years, global economy has been in a stage of rapid growth and energy consumption has also increased significantly, leading to increasingly severe challenges in environmental protection. At present, in the process of China's control and supervision of combustion emission, NOx emission is one of the main testing indicators for burners.
[0003] Typically, staged combustion is used in classic burners to reduce NOx emissions. The techniques of staged combustion usually comprise gas staging and air staging. In gas staging, gas is generally divided into primary gas and secondary gas, and the primary gas is provided inside the refractory tile while the secondary gas is provided outside the refractory tile to be combusted. In the air staging which matches the gas staging, the primary combustion air conduit is usually arranged inside the refractory tile to match the primary gas, and the secondary combustion air conduit is arranged outside the refractory tile to match the secondary gas.Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by one aspect of the present invention is how to optimize the staging of the combustion air so as to further reduce NOx emission.
[0005] In addition, other aspects of the present invention also aim to solve or alleviate other technical problems existing in the prior arts.
[0006] The present invention provides a burner and a combustion control method. Specifically, according to one aspect of the present invention, it provides:
[0007] A burner, comprising a wind box, a refractory tile, a first gas spray gun and a second gas spray gun, the refractory tile connected to the wind box and enclosing an air passage, the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun arranged inside the air passage, the gas outlet of the second gas spray gun arranged outside the air passage, wherein the burner further comprises a first combustion air conduit for transporting combustion air to the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun and a second combustion air conduit for transporting combustion air to the gas outlet of the second gas spray gun, the first combustion air conduit leading to the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun in the air passage, the second combustion air conduit leading to the outside of the refractory tile through the air passage, the first combustion air conduit and the second combustion air conduit have different inlets and are isolated from each other in the air passage and the wind box.
[0008] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the burner further comprises an air duct leading from the wind box into the air passage, and the second combustion air conduit is enclosed by the inner wall of the air duct, and the first combustion air conduit is enclosed in the wind box by the outer wall of the air duct and the inner wall of the wind box, and is enclosed in the air passage by the outer wall of the air duct and the inner wall of the refractory tile.
[0009] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the burner further comprises an air duct leading from the wind box into the air passage, and the refractory tile further comprises a intermediate tile which divides the air passage into a first sub-air passage and a second sub-air passage, and the second combustion air conduit is partly enclosed by the inner wall of the air duct and partly enclosed by the wall of the second sub-air passage, and the first combustion air conduit is enclosed in the wind box by the outer wall of the air duct and the inner wall of the wind box, and is enclosed in the air passage by the wall of the first sub-air passage.
[0010] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the conduit outlet of the second combustion air conduit to the cross-sectional area of the air passage outlet of the air passage is 20%-85%.
[0011] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a first combustion air conduit inlet is provided on the wall of the wind box, and a first damper is provided at the first combustion air conduit inlet for controlling the combustion air flow in the first combustion air conduit.
[0012] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the air duct passes through the wind box and has a second combustion air conduit inlet outside the wind box, and a second damper is provided at the second combustion air conduit inlet for controlling the combustion air flow in the second combustion air conduit.
[0013] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the air duct has a second combustion air conduit inlet provided on the wall of the wind box, and a second damper is provided at the second combustion air conduit inlet for controlling the combustion air flow in the second combustion air conduit.
[0014] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the air passage has an air passage inlet and an air passage outlet along the gas flow direction, and the air duct has a second combustion air conduit outlet, and the second combustion air conduit outlet is flush with the air passage outlet.
[0015] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first gas spray guns and the second gas spray guns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are respectively plural in number, and the first gas spray guns and the second gas spray guns are evenly arranged along the periphery of the refractory tile, and the matched first gas spray gun and second gas spray gun have the same gas source, or all the first gas spray guns have the same gas source, and all the second gas spray guns have the same gas source.
[0016] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first gas spray guns and the second gas spray guns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are respectively plural in number, and the outlet of the first gas spray gun is arranged inside the first sub-air passage, and the second gas spray gun is arranged on the outer wall of the first sub-air passage, and the matched first gas spray gun and the second gas spray gun have the same gas source, or all the first gas spray guns have the same gas source, and all the second gas spray guns have the same gas source.
[0017] Another aspect of the present invention provides a combustion control method for the above-mentioned burner, which comprises:
[0018] injecting the combustion air from the first combustion air conduit at a first initial combustion air pressure, injecting the combustion air from the second combustion air conduit at a second initial combustion air pressure, at the same time injecting gas by the gas spray guns at an initial gas pressure, so that the gas injected by the first gas spray guns is fully combusted to conduct the ignition of the burner;
[0019] increasing the injection pressure of the gas spray guns from the initial gas pressure to a preset working gas pressure after the burner is successfully ignited, increasing the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit from the first initial combustion air pressure to the first heating combustion air pressure, increasing the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit from the second initial combustion air pressure to the second heating combustion air pressure, so that the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns can be fully combusted during the pressure increasing process;
[0020] adjusting the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit from the first heating combustion air pressure to a preset first combustion air pressure, when the injection pressure of the gas spray guns reaches the preset working gas pressure, adjusting the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit from the second heating combustion air pressure to a preset second combustion air pressure, so that the oxygen-lean combustion of the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns is conducted, wherein the first combustion air pressure is lower than the first heating combustion air pressure.
[0021] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the another aspect of the present invention, further comprising:
[0022] adjusting the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit from the preset first combustion air pressure to a preset third combustion air pressure, adjusting the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit from the preset second combustion air pressure to a preset fourth combustion air pressure, so that the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns is fully combusted, wherein the third combustion air pressure is higher than the first combustion air pressure;
[0023] reducing the injection pressure of the gas spray guns from the working gas pressure to a preset working gas pressure of the next working process.
[0024] The benefits of the present invention include:
[0025] 1. In the burner of the present invention, both the primary combustion air conduit and the secondary combustion air conduit pass through the interior of the refractory tile and the secondary combustion air conduit is arranged on the inner side of the burner relative to the primary combustion air conduit, so that it would be easier to control the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas by means of the primary combustion air conduit and thus reduce NOx emission; at the same time, the flue gas generated by the combustion of the primary gas is transported to the outside of the refractory tile together with the secondary combustion air and the secondary gas to be combusted, so that the generation of NOx during combustion would be further reduced;
[0026] 2. In one embodiment of the present invention, the conduit outlet of the secondary combustion air conduit is flush with the outlet of the air passage enclosed by refractory tile, which ensures that the secondary combustion air does not participate in the combustion of the primary gas, further increasing the combustion efficiency of the secondary combustion air and the secondary gas and the efficiency of smoke entrainment and promoting the combustion of gas to the greatest extent and reducing NOx emission.
[0027] 3. The combustion control method of the present invention can accurately ensure that the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas is conducted during the working process of the burner and the primary gas is fully combusted under other working conditions, such as the ignition process and the heating process, so that the NOx emission would be reduced as much as possible during the working process of the burner under the premise of ensuring the ignition and heating speed.Brief description of drawings
[0028] The above and other features of the present invention will become more explicit with reference to the drawings, in which
[0029] Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a burner provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the burner provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a burner provided by another embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Fig. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a combustion control method provided by an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention.
[0033] Detailed description of selected embodiments
[0034] It is easy to understand that, according to the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art can propose multiple structures and embodiments that are interchangeable without changing the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the following specific embodiments and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be regarded as the entirety of the present invention or as a limitation or restriction on the technical solution of the present invention.
[0035] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front side, back side, top, and bottom etc. that are mentioned or likely to be mentioned in this description are defined relative to the structures shown in the drawings and are relative concepts, so they may be changed accordingly in relate to different positions and different application. Hence, these or other directional terms should not be construed as restrictive terms. In addition, the terms "first" , "second" , "third" , etc. or similar expressions are used for the purpose of description and distinction only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying the relative importance of corresponding components.
[0036] Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, which respectively show a schematic cross-sectional view and a perspective view of a burner provided by an embodiment of the present invention, for example, the burner of the present invention relates to an industrial burner, which could be universally used in the technical fields of boilers, smelting furnaces, smelters, heat treatment, etc., in particular used for the combustion of gas. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the burner 100 comprises a wind box 1, a refractory tile 2, a first gas spray gun 3, a second gas spray gun 4, a first combustion air conduit 10 and a second combustion air conduit 20. For easier reference, the direction from the refractory tile 2 to the wind box 1 is defined as the direction from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the refractory tile 2 is configured in a shape similar to a hollow cylinder, which encloses a cylindrical air passage 21, in which air, gas, and smoke generated by combustion may exist. It is understood that the shape of the refractory tile 2 and the air passage 21 can certainly also be configured differently. The lower side of the refractory tile 2 is connected to the wind box 1, and the air passage 21 communicates with the wind box 1, so that the gas in the wind box 1 can flow into the air passage 21. The air passage 21 has an air passage inlet 211 and an air passage outlet 212 in the direction from bottom to top. The air passage inlet 211 is connected to the wind box 1, while the air passage outlet 212 is enclosed by the upper inner periphery of the refractory tile 2. The gas outlet of the first gas spray gun 3 is arranged at the inner periphery of the refractory tile 2, that is to say, arranged in the air passage 21, and the gas outlet of the second gas spray gun 4 is arranged at the outer periphery of the refractory tile 2, that is to say, arranged outside the air passage 21. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the first gas spray gun 3 and the second gas spray gun 4 respectively lead from the gas pipeline in the wind box 1 to the inside and outside of the refractory tile 2, and the gas pipeline is finally connected to the gas source 5 arranged outside the wind box 1.
[0037] The first combustion air conduit 10 is used to transport the primary combustion air to the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun 3, while the second combustion air conduit 20 is used to transport the secondary combustion air to the gas outlet of the second gas spray gun 4. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first combustion air conduit 10 leads to the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun 3 in the air passage 21, and the second combustion air conduit 20 leads to the outside of the refractory tile 2 through the air passage 21.
[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second combustion air conduit 20 is enclosed by the air duct 6 passing through the air passage 21, and the first combustion air conduit 10 is enclosed in the wind box 1 by the outer wall of the air duct 6 and the inner wall of the wind box 1, and enclosed in the air passage 21 by the outer wall of the air duct 6 and the inner wall of the refractory tile 2. In this arrangement, the primary gas sprayed by the first gas spray gun 3 will be combusted in the space enclosed by the outer wall of the air duct 6 and the inner wall of the refractory tile 2, that is, the hollow cylindrical space as shown in Fig. 1, while the secondary gas sprayed by the second gas spray gun 4 will be combusted in the space outside the refractory tile 2. In the traditional arrangement of burners, the first combustion air conduit and the second combustion air conduit would usually not be provided, and all the combustion air passes through the air passage, so the primary gas and combustion air will be directly combusted in an oxygen-enriched manner in the space formed by the entire air passage, namely the cylindrical space. Due to the excess combustion air, the oxygen-enriched combustion of primary gas will produce more NOx. In the arrangement of the burner 100 of the present invention, both the first combustion air conduit 10 and the second combustion air conduit 20 transport the combustion air through the air passage 21, so that the combustion area of the primary gas is controlled within a hollow cylindrical space enclosed by the outer wall of the air duct 6 and the inner wall of the refractory tile 2, so that the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas can be realized more accurately, thereby further reducing the NOx emission of the combustion of the primary gas compared with the commonly used burner. In addition, this configuration of the combustion area also facilitates the smoke formed by the combustion of the primary gas to be entrained into the combustion area of the secondary gas, further affecting the NOx produced during the combustion of the secondary gas.
[0039] It should be understood that the concept of "combustion air" in the present invention refers to a combustion-supporting gas which is used to promote the combustion of fuel gas, and the combustion-supporting gas could be air or other kinds of gases that can promote the combustion of fuel gas.
[0040] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the conduit outlet of the second combustion air conduit 20 to the cross-sectional area of the air passage outlet 212 of the air passage 21 is 20%-85%. By setting this ratio, the ratio of typical fuels or mixed gases to air in the combustion in the burner is taken into account. If the ratio is too small, it will be difficult to control the oxygen-lean combustion in the first combustion air conduit 10, thereby reducing the combustion load of the burner; if the ratio is too big, the combustion amount of the primary gas could be too small, which could lead to flame instability of the primary gas combustion. Therefore, the ratio should be controlled within an appropriate range.
[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first combustion air conduit 10 has a first combustion air conduit inlet 101, which is arranged on the side wall of the wind box 1, and a first damper 7 is arranged at the first combustion air conduit inlet 101 for controlling the combustion air flow in the first combustion air conduit 10.
[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the air duct 6 passes through the wind box 1 and has a second combustion air conduit inlet 201 outside the wind box 1, and a second damper 8 is arranged at the second combustion air conduit inlet 201 for controlling the combustion air flow in the second combustion air conduit 20.
[0043] It should be understood that the first combustion air conduit inlet can also be arranged outside the wind box, or the second combustion air conduit inlet can also be arranged on the wall of the wind box. The configuration of the first and second combustion air conduit inlet could be selected by the person skilled in the art according to the structure of the burner and the difficulty of arrangement.
[0044] It should be understood that the first combustion air conduit and the second combustion air conduit can also share one damper. The damper simultaneously controls the combustion air flow of the first combustion air conduit and the second combustion air conduit. For example, the damper can be configured to control the sum of the combustion air flow of the two combustion air conduits to remain unchanged. When the combustion air flow of the first combustion air conduit is increased, the combustion air flow of the second combustion air conduit is reduced; and when the combustion air flow of the first combustion air conduit is reduced, the combustion air flow of the second combustion air conduit is increased. For instance, a damper opening limit could be set for each conduit, so that the combustion air flow of the second combustion air conduit reaches the maximum and remains unchanged after the combustion air flow of the first combustion air conduit is reduced to a certain level, or the combustion air flow of the first combustion air conduit reaches the maximum and remains unchanged after the combustion air flow of the second combustion air conduit is reduced to a certain level.
[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the air duct 6 is configured as a hollow cylinder, and the air duct 6 is arranged concentrically with the air passage 21. The air duct 6 has a second combustion air conduit outlet 202 which is configured to be flush with the air passage outlet 212. With the support of a large amount of real combustion test data, it is concluded in the present invention that compared with the arrangement in which the air duct 6 protrudes out of the air passage 21 or the second combustion air conduit outlet 202 is arranged inside the gas passage 21, the amount of combustion air required for the combustion of the primary gas could more accurately controlled, when the second combustion air conduit outlet 202 is configured to be flush with the air passage outlet 212, further preventing the secondary combustion air from affecting the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas, so that the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas would be better realized.
[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first gas spray guns 3 and the second gas spray guns 4 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence and are plural in number. The first gas spray guns 3 and the second gas spray guns 4 are evenly arranged along the periphery of the refractory tile. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the matched first gas spray gun 3 and second gas spray gun 4 are connected to the same gas source arranged outside the wind box 1 through gas pipeline.
[0047] In an embodiment which is not shown, all first gas spray guns of the burner are connected to the same gas source and all second gas spray guns are connected to the same gas source.
[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, a pilot lamp 9 is arranged in the air passage 21, especially in the first combustion air conduit 10 in the air passage 21.
[0049] In an embodiment of the invention, the air duct 6 is designed to be airtight or a layer made of airtight material is provided on the inner or outer wall of the air duct 6.
[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, a lining is arranged on the outer periphery of the lower part of the refractory tile 2 for heat insulation.
[0051] Referring to Fig. 3, it shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a burner provided by another embodiment of the present invention. The burner 100' in the embodiment of Fig. 3 also comprises a wind box 1', a refractory tile 2', a first gas spray gun 3', a second gas spray gun 4', a first combustion air conduit 10' and a second combustion air conduit 20'. The main difference of the burner 100' from the burner 100 in the embodiment of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is that the shape of the refractory tile 2' and the wind box 1' are different, and the arrangement of the gas spray guns 3', 4' and the combustion air conduits 10', 20' are also different from that of the embodiment of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the refractory tile 2' is configured in the shape of a hollow cuboid, which encloses a cuboid air passage 21', which also has an air passage inlet 211' and an air passage outlet 212'. The difference from the embodiment in Fig. 1 is that there is an intermediate tile 22' in the refractory tile 2', and the intermediate tile 22' divides the air passage 21' into a cuboid first sub-air passage 213' and a cuboid second sub-air passage 214'. The gas outlet of the first gas spray gun 3' is arranged in the first sub-air passage 213', and the gas outlet of the second gas spray gun 4' is arranged on the outer wall of the first sub-air passage 213', that is, the part of the outer wall of the refractory tile 2' assigned to the first sub-air passage 213'. The first gas spray guns 3′ and the second gas spray guns 4′ are provided in a one-to-one correspondence and are plural in number. In the embodiment of Fig. 3, the matched first gas spray gun 3' and second gas spray gun 4' are connected to the same gas source 5' arranged outside the wind box 1' through gas pipeline. In an embodiment which is not shown, all first gas spray guns of the burner could be connected to the same gas source and all second gas spray guns could be connected to the same gas source.
[0052] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the burner 100′ comprises an air duct 6′ which leads from the wind box 1′ into the air passage 21′, in particular into the second sub-air passage 214′. The second combustion air conduit 214' is partly enclosed by the inner wall of the air duct 6', and partly enclosed by the wall of the second sub-air passage 214', while the first combustion air conduit 213' is enclosed in the wind box 1' by the outer wall of the air duct 6' and the inner wall of the wind box 1′, and is enclosed in the air passage 21′ enclosed by the wall of the first sub-air passage 213′. The shape of the air duct 6' is also designed as a hollow cuboid corresponding to the shape of the refractory tile 2'. In this embodiment, the wind box 6' extends into the second sub-air passage 214', but the outlet 202' of the wind box 6' is configured to be lower than the top of the refractory tile 2', namely the air passage outlet 212 of the air passage 21'. In this embodiment, the configuration of the air duct 6' is beneficial to the shape stability of the cuboid air duct 6' during the combustion of the gas.
[0053] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the conduit outlet of the second combustion air conduit 214', which in this embodiment is equal to the area of the outlet 202' of the wind box 6', to the cross-sectional area of the air passage outlet 212' of the air passage 21' is also 20%-85%.
[0054] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first combustion air conduit inlet 101′ of the first combustion air conduit 10′ and the second combustion air conduit inlet 201′ of the second combustion air conduit 20′ are both arranged on the side wall of the wind box 1. Similarly, a first damper 7' is provided at the first combustion air conduit inlet 101' for controlling the combustion air flow in the first combustion air conduit 10', and a second damper 8' is provided at the second combustion air conduit outlet 201' for controlling the combustion air flow in the second combustion air conduit 20'.
[0055] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, a pilot lamp 9′ is arranged in the air passage 21′, in particular in the first sub-air passage 213′.
[0056] Another aspect of the present invention provides a combustion control method for the above-mentioned burner 100, 100'. Referring to Fig. 4, it shows a schematic flowchart of a combustion control method provided by an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention. The combustion control method comprises the following steps:
[0057] Step 1: Injecting the combustion air from the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' at a first initial combustion air pressure, injecting the combustion air from the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' at a second initial combustion air pressure, at the same time injecting gas by the gas spray guns at an initial gas pressure, so that the gas injected by the first gas spray guns 3, 3' is fully combusted to conduct the ignition of the burner;
[0058] Step 2: Increasing the injection pressure of the gas spray guns from the initial gas pressure to a preset working gas pressure after the burner 100, 100' is successfully ignited, increasing the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' from the first initial combustion air pressure to the first heating combustion air pressure, increasing the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' from the second initial combustion air pressure to the second heating combustion air pressure, so that the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns 3, 3' can be fully combusted during the pressure increasing process;
[0059] Step 3: Adjusting the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' from the first heating combustion air pressure to a preset first combustion air pressure, when the injection pressure of the gas spray guns reaches the preset working gas pressure, adjusting the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' from the second heating combustion air pressure to a preset second combustion air pressure, so that the oxygen-lean combustion of the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns 3, 3' is conducted, wherein the first combustion air pressure is lower than the first heating combustion air pressure.
[0060] Step 1 is the ignition process of the combustion process of the burner. At this time, the gas has just been ignited in the burner 100, 100' and it needs to be fully combusted so than a stable flame would be obtained, so as to facilitate the heating of the burner 100, 100'. Meanwhile, gas is only injected into the burner 100, 100' at a low initial gas pressure, and combustion air is injected at a low first initial combustion air pressure and second initial combustion air pressure. The gas and combustion air are injected or admitted by the pressure gas source, so the injection or inlet pressure determines the flow rate of the gas and combustion air admitted into the burner 100, 100'. In the case of injecting gas at the initial gas pressure and admitting the combustion air at the first and second initial combustion air pressure, it is possible to ensure that the gas injected by the first gas spray guns 3, 3' is fully combusted, while the current flow rate of the gas and combustion air are relatively small, so that the flame in the burner 100, 100' is stable, so as to complete the ignition of the burner 100, 100'.
[0061] Step 2 is the heating process of the combustion process of the burner. At this time, the burner 100, 100' has been successfully ignited, and it is necessary to increase the load of the burner 100, 100' to rapidly heat up. Therefore, the injection pressure of the gas spray gun is raised from the initial gas pressure to the preset working gas pressure, the inlet pressure of the first combustion air is raised to the first heating combustion air pressure, and the inlet pressure of the second combustion air is raised to the second heating combustion air pressure, that is to say, the flow rate of gas and combustion air are increased at the same time. During the process of the pressure increase, the increased flow rate of combustion air ensures that the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns 3, 3' is fully combusted, so as to rapidly increase the load of the burner 100, 100' and increase the working temperature of the furnace.
[0062] It should be understood that the above-mentioned increase or adjustment of the injection pressure of the gas and the inlet pressure of the combustion air is a gradual process, rather than an operation that can be realized immediately. The heating process is actually a process in which the injection pressure of the gas gradually rises to the working gas pressure and the inlet pressure of the first and second combustion air gradually rises to the first and second heating combustion air pressure, rather than a process after the injection pressure of the gas has reached the working gas pressure and the inlet pressure of the first and second combustion air has reached the first and second heating combustion air pressure.
[0063] In an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, the adjustment of the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' can be realized through the above-mentioned first damper 7, 7', and the adjustment of the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' can be realized through the above-mentioned second damper 8, 8'. Specifically, in step 2, the process of increasing the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' from the first initial combustion air pressure to the first heating combustion air pressure is achieved by increasing the opening degree of the first damper 7, 7', while the process of increasing the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' from the second initial combustion air pressure to the second heating combustion air pressure is achieved by increasing the opening degree of the second damper 8, 8'. In step 3, the process of adjusting the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' from the first heating combustion air pressure to the preset first combustion air pressure is achieved by reducing the opening degree of the first damper 7, 7' and the process of adjusting the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' from the second heating combustion air pressure to the preset second combustion air pressure is achieved by adjusting (increasing or reducing, depending on the relationship between the second combustion air pressure and the second heating combustion air pressure) the opening degree of the second damper 8, 8'.
[0064] Step 3 belongs to the working process of the burner. Specifically, after the heating process, when the injection pressure of the gas spray guns reaches the preset working gas pressure, the burner 100, 100' enters into an actual working process which would last much longer than the ignition process and the heating process. In this process, it is necessary to realize the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas to reduce NOx emission. At this time, the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 3, 3' is adjusted, that is, reduced from the first heating combustion air pressure to the preset first combustion air pressure, while the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 4, 4' is adjusted from the second heating combustion air pressure to the preset second combustion air pressure. At this moment, because the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit is reduced, the flow rate of the first combustion air into the burner is also reduced and is smaller than the combustion air flow required for the complete combustion of the primary gas, so that the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas can be realized.
[0065] It should be understood that during the working process of the burner, the operation of reducing the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit from the first heating combustion air pressure to the preset first combustion air pressure can be performed by gradually reducing the opening degree of the first damper. In particular, the opening degree of the first damper can be gradually reduced during the working process until the first damper is completely closed. At this time, the oxygen-lean combustion of the primary gas can be realized by the existing oxygen in the burner or the oxygen that enters the burner by other means.
[0066] In an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, the combustion control method further comprises the following steps:
[0067] Step 4: Adjusting the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' from the preset first combustion air pressure to a preset third combustion air pressure, adjusting the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' from the preset second combustion air pressure to a preset fourth combustion air pressure, so that the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns is fully combusted, wherein the third combustion air pressure is higher than the first combustion air pressure;
[0068] Step 5: Reducing the injection pressure of the gas spray gun from the working gas pressure to a preset working gas pressure of the next working process.
[0069] Step 4 and Step 5 belong to the next working process in the combustion process of the burner or shutdown process. After the above-mentioned working process has been performed for a required working time, the next working process of the burner 100, 100' or the shutdown process is performed when the burner 100, 100' is not required to continue combusting. At this time, it is necessary to fully combust the primary gas again so as to consume the remaining gas in the burner 100, 100'. Therefore, the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10′ is increased from the first combustion air pressure to a third combustion air pressure which is higher. Then finally the injection pressure of the gas spray gun is reduced to the preset working gas pressure of the next working process, which is 0 during the shutdown process, and the next working process of the burner 100, 100' would be started or the burner 100, 100' would be shut down.
[0070] In an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, in step 4, the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit 10, 10' is adjusted from the preset first combustion air pressure to the preset third combustion air pressure by increasing the opening degree of the first damper 7, 7', and the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit 20, 20' is adjusted from the preset second combustion air pressure to the preset fourth combustion air pressure by adjusting (increasing or reducing, depending on the relationship between the fourth combustion air pressure and the second combustion air pressure) the opening degree of the second damper 8, 8'.
[0071] It should be understood that all the above preferred embodiments are illustrative rather than restrictive, and modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described above under the concept of the present invention fall into the scope of legal protection of the present invention.
Claims
1.A burner, comprising a wind box, a refractory tile, a first gas spray gun and a second gas spray gun, the refractory tile connected to the wind box and enclosing an air passage, the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun arranged inside the air passage, the gas outlet of the second gas spray gun arranged outside the air passage, wherein the burner further comprises a first combustion air conduit for transporting combustion air to the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun and a second combustion air conduit for transporting combustion air to the gas outlet of the second gas spray gun, the first combustion air conduit leading to the gas outlet of the first gas spray gun in the air passage, the second combustion air conduit leading to the outside of the refractory tile through the air passage, the first combustion air conduit and the second combustion air conduit have different inlets and are isolated from each other in the air passage and the wind box.2.The burner of claim 1, wherein the burner further comprises an air duct leading from the wind box into the air passage, and the second combustion air conduit is enclosed by the inner wall of the air duct, while the first combustion air conduit is enclosed in the wind box by the outer wall of the air duct and the inner wall of the wind box, and is enclosed in the air passage by the outer wall of the air duct and the inner wall of the refractory tile.3.The burner of claim 1, wherein the burner further comprises an air duct leading from the wind box into the air passage, and the refractory tile further comprises an intermediate tile which divides the air passage into a first sub-air passage and a second sub-air passage, and the second combustion air conduit is partly enclosed by the inner wall of the air duct and partly enclosed by the wall of the second sub-air passage, while the first combustion air conduit is enclosed in the wind box by the outer wall of the air duct and the inner wall of the wind box, and is enclosed in the air passage by the wall of the first sub-air passage.4.The burner of claim 2 or 3, wherein the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the conduit outlet of the second combustion air conduit to the cross-sectional area of the air passage outlet of the air passage is 20%-85%.5.The burner of claim 2 or 3, wherein a first combustion air conduit inlet is provided on the wall of the wind box, and a first damper is provided at the first combustion air conduit inlet for controlling the combustion air flow in the first combustion air conduit.6.The burner of claim 5, wherein the air duct passes through the wind box and has a second combustion air conduit inlet outside the wind box, and a second damper is provided at the second combustion air conduit inlet for controlling the combustion air flow in the second combustion air conduit.7.The burner of claim 5, wherein the air duct has a second combustion air conduit inlet provided on the wall of the wind box, and a second damper is provided at the second combustion air conduit inlet for controlling the combustion air flow in the second combustion air conduit.8.The burner of claim 2, wherein the air passage has an air passage inlet and an air passage outlet along the gas flow direction, and the air duct has a second combustion air conduit outlet, and the second combustion air conduit outlet is flush with the air passage outlet.9.The burner of claim 2, wherein the first gas spray guns and the second gas spray guns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are respectively plural in number, and the first gas spray guns and the second gas spray guns are evenly arranged along the periphery of the refractory tile, and the matched first gas spray gun and second gas spray gun have the same gas source, or all the first gas spray guns have the same gas source, and all the second gas spray guns have the same gas source.10.The burner of claim 3, wherein the first gas spray guns and the second gas spray guns are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are respectively plural in number, and the outlet of the first gas spray gun is arranged inside the first sub-air passage, and the second gas spray gun is arranged on the outer wall of the first sub-air passage, and the matched first gas spray gun and the second gas spray gun have the same gas source, or all the first gas spray guns have the same gas source, and all the second gas spray guns have the same gas source.11.A combustion control method for the burner in accordance with any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the combustion control method comprising:injecting the combustion air from the first combustion air conduit at a first initial combustion air pressure, injecting the combustion air from the second combustion air conduit at a second initial combustion air pressure, at the same time injecting gas by the gas spray guns at an initial gas pressure, so that the gas injected by the first gas spray guns is fully combusted to conduct the ignition of the burner;increasing the injection pressure of the gas spray guns from the initial gas pressure to a preset working gas pressure after the burner is successfully ignited, increasing the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit from the first initial combustion air pressure to the first heating combustion air pressure, increasing the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit from the second initial combustion air pressure to the second heating combustion air pressure, so that the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns can be fully combusted during the pressure increasing process;adjusting the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit from the first heating combustion air pressure to a preset first combustion air pressure, when the injection pressure of the gas spray guns reaches the preset working gas pressure, adjusting the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit from the second heating combustion air pressure to a preset second combustion air pressure, so that the oxygen-lean combustion of the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns is conducted, wherein the first combustion air pressure is lower than the first heating combustion air pressure.12.The combustion control method of claim 11, further comprising:adjusting the inlet pressure of the first combustion air conduit from the preset first combustion air pressure to a preset third combustion air pressure, adjusting the inlet pressure of the second combustion air conduit from the preset second combustion air pressure to a preset fourth combustion air pressure, so that the gas sprayed by the first gas spray guns is fully combusted, wherein the third combustion air pressure is higher than the first combustion air pressure;reducing the injection pressure of the gas spray guns from the working gas pressure to a preset working gas pressure of the next working process.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
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