61results about "Staged combustion" patented technology

The present invention relates to particular combustors, and e.g., to a combustor comprising a central primary fuel lance, a pilot fuel conduit, a primary oxidant conduit, a secondary oxidant conduit, and optionally a secondary fuel conduit, which are arranged in a particular and advantageous manner so as to surround each other at least in their downstream sections. The invention also relates to a furnace comprising the burner and a method of operating the burner. The burner according to the invention provides, in particular, a particularly advantageous way that comprises a pilot burner as part of the main burner in order to ignite a liquid fuel flame in a cold furnace. If desired, the pilot flame may help extend the flammability limit or operating range of the liquid fuel burner.

The invention relates to the technical field of boiler combustion and discloses a multi-stage pulverized coal burner which comprises an outer combustion cylinder, an inner combustion cylinder, an adjuster and a combustion stabilizer, the inner combustion cylinder is arranged in the outer combustion cylinder, a channel is formed between the outer combustion cylinder and the inner combustion cylinder, the adjuster is connected with the outer combustion cylinder and used for guiding in mixed airflow, and the combustion stabilizer is arranged in the outer combustion cylinder. The mixed airflow can be divided into first-stage airflow flowing through the inner combustion cylinder and second-stage airflow flowing through the channel, the adjuster is used for adjusting the flow of the first-stage airflow and the flow of the second-stage airflow, the flame stabilizer is connected with the inner combustion cylinder, the flame stabilizer is provided with a flame spraying opening, and the flame spraying opening is formed in the inner combustion cylinder and used for spraying out flames to ignite the first-stage airflow and the second-stage airflow step by step. The multi-stage pulverized coal burner provided by the embodiment of the invention can adapt to different coal types to realize rapid ignition and stable and sufficient combustion.

The invention relates to a burner with a refractory burner body 1, 2, 3 for burning fluid or aerosolized, in particular gaseous, fuels. With the aim of reducing NOx emissions, the burner body has a gas nozzle 7, 9, 10, 11 and several air nozzles 4, 6, which are at least partially formed as integral features within the burner body and exit at a front face 16 of the burner body. The air nozzles are arranged symmetrically around the gas nozzle and diverge at an angle α to the gas nozzle. The invention also relates to a method for burning fluid or aerosolized, in particular gaseous, fuels with reduced NOx emissions.

A burner apparatus is disclosed. The burner apparatus comprising a tube having a proximal portion, a middle portion, and a distal portion, a fuel inlet port adapted to receive fuel inside the tube. The fuel inlet port splits into a first conduit and a second conduit, an air inlet port receives air inside the tube, at least one air swirler unit positioned at the middle portion of the tube, generates a swirling air flow and an axial air flow from the air received, a block having a plurality of staged fuel tips, receives fuel from the second conduit. The block discharges a primary flame by containing the fuel received from the first conduit and the swirling air flow, and provide for a secondary flame by directing the fuel received from the plurality of staged fuel tips into the primary flame downstream of the primary flame attachment point.

A combustion assembly and a combustion furnace, the combustion assembly comprising a block divided over its height h into a plurality of levels, each level containing a passage for injecting fuel and / or oxidant, each passage extending from an inlet face to an outlet face and terminating in an injection orifice in the outlet face of the block, the injection orifices of each level define a contact rectangle on the outlet face, and further comprising burners provided one per level, each burner having a fuel injector and an oxidant injector, each burner being mounted on a corresponding level of the block such that the fuel and oxidant injectors of the burner are inserted into the passages of the corresponding level, the passages of each level are oriented and spaced apart such that when flames are generated downstream of the exit face, flames generated by the burners are spaced apart from each other and do not converge, and in the level adjoining the lower end of the block, a contact rectangle defined on the exit face has a line segment perpendicular to the height h direction, the length x is at least twice the length y of a line segment parallel to the height h direction.

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power plant boiler combustion and discloses a pulverized coal burner which comprises a first combustion cylinder, a flow guide pipe, a second combustion cylinder and a combustion stabilizer, the flow guide pipe is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air outlet end is communicated with the first combustion cylinder; the flow guide pipe is used for guiding in mixed airflow carrying pulverized coal and conveying the mixed airflow into the first combustion cylinder, the second combustion cylinder is arranged in the first combustion cylinder, an annular channel is formed between the second combustion cylinder and the first combustion cylinder, and the second combustion cylinder is used for dividing the mixed airflow into first-stage airflow flowing through the second combustion cylinder and second-stage airflow flowing through the annular channel. The combustion stabilizer is arranged on the flow guide pipe and provided with an air outlet part, the air outlet part is located in the flow guide pipe and faces the second combustion cylinder, and the air outlet part is used for spraying out flames and sequentially igniting the first-stage airflow and the second-stage airflow. The pulverized coal burner provided by the embodiment of the invention can ignite in batches and realize stable and sufficient combustion.

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power plant boiler combustion and discloses an adjustable pulverized coal burner which comprises an outer barrel, an air inlet pipe, an inner barrel assembly and a combustion stabilizer, the air inlet pipe is used for guiding in mixed airflow carrying pulverized coal and conveying the mixed airflow into the outer barrel, the inner barrel assembly is arranged in the outer barrel, and the combustion stabilizer is arranged in the inner barrel assembly. An annular channel is formed between the inner barrel assembly and the outer barrel, the inner barrel assembly is used for dividing mixed airflow into first-stage airflow flowing through the inner barrel assembly and second-stage airflow flowing through the annular channel, the combustion stabilizer is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and the working end of the combustion stabilizer is located in the air inlet pipe and faces the inner barrel assembly. The working end is used for spraying flames and sequentially igniting the first-stage airflow and the second-stage airflow, and at least one of the combustion stabilizer and the inner barrel assembly can move to adjust the relative distance between the combustion stabilizer and the inner barrel assembly so as to achieve flow adjustment of the first-stage airflow and the second-stage airflow. The adjustable pulverized coal burner provided by the embodiment of the invention can adapt to different coal types to realize rapid ignition and stable and sufficient combustion.

This burner comprises a porous support (6) and a combustion tube (2) along which the porous support (6) is mounted, the combustion tube (2) having one or more openings to let a fuel through to the porous support (6), characterized in that the combustion tube (2) is formed of a plurality of tubular modules (20) that are connected together and in that the burner (1) further comprises at least one distribution tube extending inside the combustion tube (2) to distribute the fuel in a predetermined manner in the combustion tube.

To grasp a combustion state in a real-time manner with excessive air being taken into consideration and to maintain the excellent combustion state while attempting the simplification of a structure and the cost reduction in a gas combustion apparatus.SOLUTION: A gas combustion apparatus includes: a gas burner 20; a flame rod 25 that is exposed to the flame of the gas burner to generate a flame current; and a control unit 110 that controls combustion. When the number of combustion flames of the gas burner is n and the number of complete combustion flames thereof is N, a gas unit heat generation amount of a fuel gas is H and a gas necessary air rate is m, a gas amount is Qg, an air amount is Qa, a constant proportional to the number of flames contributing to the flame current is k1, and a constant contributing to an applied voltage of the flame rod and a resistance value thereof is k2, the control unit controls the gas amount and / or the air amount supplied to the gas burner on the basis of a calculated flame current value If calculated from a combustion characteristic formula If=[k1ln(HQg / n)+k2]exp[-(nQa / NmQg-1)2], and an actually measured flame current value of the flame rod.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Disclosed is a staged-air burner device capable of high energy efficiency, high flame stability- combusting multiple readily switchable fuels ranging from pure hydrogen, to any hydrogen / methane mixture, to pure methane, and generating a low level of NOx. 'The burner device can include: a primary air chamber receiving a primary air and a flue gas; a burner tube capable of receiving a fuel jet and drawing in the air-flue gas mixture from the primary air chamber: a. burner tip discharging the fuel-air-flue gas mixture formed in the burner tube to a first combustion zone and a second combustion zone via center orifices and side orifices on the burner tip, respectively, and a staged air chamber receiving staged air and discharging it via staged air ports into a. third combustion zone. Combustion of the fuel occurs in at least one of the first, second, and third combustion zones.

A method for providing automatic enhanced staged oxygen combustion in a glass furnace including providing two or more burner assemblies each positioned to provide a flame in the glass furnace. Each of the burner assemblies includes a burner body having a primary gas inlet in fluid communication with a gas source through a primary gas valve, and a staged injector sub-assembly having a secondary gas inlet in fluid communication with the gas source through a secondary gas valve. The primary gas valve and the secondary gas valve are automatically controlled to alternate the total gas flow between a first total gas flow condition with the secondary gas flow rate at a secondary gas flow rate maximum value and a second total gas flow condition with the secondary gas flow rate at a secondary gas flow rate minimum value to provide enhanced staged oxygen combustion.

The invention relates to a heating apparatus (1) having at least one reaction unit (2) for generating heat from a reaction gas mixture comprising hydrogen, gaseous hydrocarbon and / or oxygen, wherein the at least one reaction unit (2) has at least one first reaction portion (3) with at least one hydrogen catalyst (6) for the flameless combustion of the hydrogen. According to the invention, the at least one reaction unit (2) comprises at least one second reaction portion (4) for combusting the gaseous hydrocarbon and / or the heating apparatus (1) comprises at least one separating device (5) for separating the gaseous hydrocarbon and the hydrogen. The invention also relates to the use of a heating apparatus (1) and to a method for operating a heating apparatus (1).

Combustion assembly and furnace comprising at least one such combustion assembly, the combustion assembly comprising a non-metallic refractory block (10) extending over a height h between a lower end (11) and an upper end (12), having an inlet face (14) and an outlet face (13) opposite the inlet face (14), the block (10) being divided over its height h into several stages (et1, et2, et3, et4), each stage (et1, et2, et3, et4) being pierced by at least one passage (p) for the injection of fuel and / or oxidizer, each passage (p) extending from the inlet face (14) to the outlet face (13) and terminating in at least one injection opening (21, 22, 23) in the outlet face (13) of the block, the at least one injection opening (21, 22, 23) of each floor (et1, et2, et3,et4) defining on the outlet face (13) a contact rectangle (25) two segments of which are parallel to the direction of height h and two segments of which are perpendicular to the direction of height h, the assembly also comprising burners capable of generating flames (f1, f2, f3, f4) whose length can be varied at constant flame power at a rate of one burner per stage (et1, et2, et3, et4), each burner having at least one injector for injecting a fuel (31) fluidly connected to a fuel inlet of the burner and at least one injector for injecting an oxidizer (32, 33) fluidly connected to an oxidizer inlet of the burner, each burner being mounted on the corresponding stage (et1, et2, et3, et4) of the block (10) such that the fuel and oxidizer injectors (31, 32, 33) of the burner are inserted into at least one passage (p) of said stage (et1, et2, et3,et4) corresponding and such that the fuel and oxidizer inlets of the burner are located on the side of the inlet face (14) of the block (10), the at least one passage (p) of the different stages (et1, et2, et3, et4) being oriented and spaced so that when the burners generate flames (f1, f2, f3, f4) downstream of the outlet face (13), the flames (f1, f2, f3, f4) generated by the different burners are spaced apart and non-convergent, the contact rectangle (25) defined on the outlet face (13) at the stage (et1) contiguous to the lower end (11) of the block (10) having segments perpendicular to the direction of height h whose length x is at least twice the length y of the segments parallel to the direction of height h.,

A clog-resistant, highly stable free-jet burner and method that provides ultra-low NO emissions by using the following methods: x Emissions: (a) large free-spraying injection ports, (b) wide burner-to-burner spacing, and (c) auxiliary stabilizing burners within the burner throat, which are highly resistant to clogging and also produce very low levels of NO. x emission.

The present invention relates to a combustion heater (100) for providing controlled heat (H) to an endothermic reaction process. The combustion heater comprises an integrated burner (20) to yield a hot burner exhaust gas (35) flow from burning a first fuel. The burner exhaust gas mixed with oxidant flows to a flue gas outlet along a flue gas flow path (FGP). Provided to the combustion chamber at a position outside a direct reach of flames from the burner is a secondary fuel conduit (30) with a plurality of nozzles (31) from which a second fuel (32) is transferred into a flow along the said flue gas flow path (FGP). The resulting combustion of the second fuel can be used to provide controlled heat to the to endothermic reaction operated in a reaction conduit (40) that is in thermal heat exchange with the combustion chamber.

The present disclosure provides a heater including a radiant section having a bottom wall and a side wall. A burner is disposed on the bottom wall, and a primary fuel stream and a primary combustion air stream are provided through the burner to support a primary combustion reaction local to the burner. The primary combustion air stream may be less than the air required to burn all of the primary fuel stream, resulting in the primary combustion reaction being substoichiometric and reducing NOx formation. A remote air tube injects remote air into the radiant section distal to the combustor and in some cases at least two meters away from the combustor. The remote air addition supports a lean secondary combustion reaction that further minimizes the NOx emission concentration. The heater is suitable for high H2 fuel or preheated air, or both, to reduce CO2 emissions while meeting NOx emission goals.

The invention relates to a method for reacting deliverable fuels, in which fuel is fed to a first reaction region (21, 22, 23, 24) of a reaction body (11) and is reacted in the latter, and in which fuel is fed to a further reaction region (21, 22, 23, 24) connected downstream of the first reaction region (21, 22, 23, 24) and is reacted therein, even low-calorie, intrinsically poorly ignitable gases can be made economically reactable as fuel, in that compressed air from a compressor is led as an air mass flow into a pressure-retaining housing (12) surrounding the reaction body (11), wherein part of the air mass flow is led to at least one inflow region (17, 18, 19, 20) by means of a bypass line (25, 26, 27, 28, 29), in particular in the reaction body (11), and the gas flow in the bypass line (25, 26, 27, 28, 29) in at least one inflow region l(17, 18, 19, 20) is controlled or regulated by means of at least one control valve (34).

The invention discloses a pure ammonia combustion boiler and an operation method thereof. The pure ammonia combustion boiler comprises a boiler body, a gas ammonia supply system, a liquid ammonia supply system, a temperature detection system, a control system and an air supply system, the boiler body is provided with three stages of combustors, and the three stages of combustors comprise a first-stage stable combustion layer combustor, a second-stage adjusting layer combustor and a third-stage afterburning layer combustor; the first-stage stable combustion layer combustor is used for cold-state starting and low-load operation of the pure ammonia combustion boiler, the second-stage adjusting layer combustor is used for medium-load operation, and the third-stage afterburning layer combustor is used for high-load operation; the three stages of combustors are arranged in a layered mode, the first-stage stable combustion layer combustor at least comprises one combustor, the second-stage adjusting layer combustor at least comprises one combustor, and the third-stage afterburning layer combustor at least comprises one combustor. According to the pure ammonia combustion boiler, a staged combustor structure is adopted, stable operation of the boiler under the working conditions of starting, low load, medium load and high load is achieved, and wide load adjustment within the full working condition range can be achieved.

A method of providing flameless combustion includes forming a pre-heated reactant stream in a primary reaction zone by reacting a first stream of fuel and a first stream of undiluted oxidant and maintaining a combustible air / fuel ratio within flammability limits of the fuel. Forming a combustion stream by reacting a first stream of diluted oxidant, a second stream of fuel, and the pre-heated reactant stream in at least one secondary reaction zone downstream of the primary reaction zone. The combustion stream is maintained at a bulk combustion temperature below an auto-ignition temperature of the combustion stream. A composition of the combustion stream and the bulk combustion temperature are adjusted to maintain combustion marginally above a lower ignition limit boundary of the combustion stream. Upon the composition and the bulk combustion temperature reaching pre-determined flameless combustion conditions, the bulk combustion temperature is increased above an auto-ignition temperature of the combustion stream.

A staged, lean pre-mix radiant wall burner having an internal staged fuel discharge tip and an internal flow diverter, and a method of using the radiant, wall burner, which, allow the combustion of a high hydrogen content fuel without the occurrence of flashbacks and which also provide reduced NOx emissions and allow a closer spacing of the burners when installed in a wall, floor, or ceiling of a fired heater in a multiple burner arrangement.

The present invention relates to an apparatus (100) for evaporating cryogenic fluids comprising a heat exchanger (105) at least partly immersed in a bath (140) of heat transfer medium, the heat exchanger being configured for conducting a cryogenic fluid therethrough, a burner system (104) for combustion of a fuel by means of an oxidizing agent, said burner system comprising at least one fuel supply line (102) and at least one oxidizing agent supply line (101) for supplying the fuel and the oxidizing agent to a combustion chamber (114), the combustion chamber configured for the combustion of the fuel by the oxidizing agent, a flue gas distributor and sparger system (103) for conducting the flue gas downstream away from the combustion chamber and for ejecting the flue gas into the bath of heat transfer medium underneath the heat exchanger, wherein the apparatus further comprises a bypass oxidizing agent line (111), the bypass oxidizing agent line branching off from the at least one oxidizing agent supply line (101) at a position upstream the combustion chamber (114) for bypassing the combustion chamber and being configured to return a bypassed part of oxidizing agent into the flue gas distributor and sparger system (103) and / or into the bath (140) of heat transfer medium.

The invention discloses a horizontal rich-thin direct-current burner and an operation method, the horizontal rich-thin direct-current burner comprises a tangential pulverized coal combustion boiler, direct-current primary air pulverized coal burners are arranged at all round corners of the tangential pulverized coal combustion boiler, and direct-current secondary air burners are arranged at the bottoms of all the direct-current primary air pulverized coal burners; the thick primary air powder pipelines and the thin primary air powder pipelines are arranged at the input ends of the direct-current primary air pulverized coal burners and the input ends of the direct-current secondary air burners respectively. The external concentrator, the direct-flow primary air pulverized coal burner, the direct-flow secondary air burner, the guide vane, the first flow regulating valve, the second flow regulating valve, the thick primary air pulverized coal pipeline, the thin primary air pulverized coal pipeline, the thick primary air pulverized coal outlet and the thin primary air pulverized coal outlet are arranged. The low-load stable combustion can be realized without external assistance, and the effects of high-load combustion efficiency and environmental protection performance are considered, so that the practical use is convenient.

A process and apparatus for producing molten iron from iron ore and biomass using at least one hearth furnace and a smelting reduction vessel (SRV) is disclosed. The process and apparatus produce molten iron using a hearth furnace to initiate reduction of iron ore and complete reduction of ore in a smelter reduction vessel where fuel gas generated in the smelter reduction vessel is combusted to supply heat in the hearth furnace.

The present disclosure relates to a combustion device capable of generating a spirally interlaced flame effect and improving combustion firepower. The combustion device includes an outer wall and an inner wall. A ventilation chamber is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall. An upper end of the inner wall is provided with a plurality of air inlet structures distributed at intervals circumferentially. A combustion chamber restricted by the inner wall is connected to the ventilation chamber through the air inlet structure. An air inlet is formed in a lower end of the inner wall. The air inlet structure includes a first air inlet hole and a guider. The guider is provided with a wind guide surface facing towards the first air inlet hole. The wind guide surface is formed by extending a connecting edge to the interior of the combustion chamber and an outlet edge in the direction of the first air inlet hole. A second air inlet hole is restricted by the outlet edge. The direction of the second air inlet hole is upwards inclined, so that gas flowing through the first air inlet hole is inclined upwards to be guided towards the interior of the inner wall.

A method of providing flameless combustion includes forming a pre-heated reactant stream in a primary reaction zone by reacting a first stream of fuel and a first stream of undiluted oxidant and maintaining a combustible air / fuel ratio within flammability limits of the fuel. Forming a combustion stream by reacting a first stream of diluted oxidant, a second stream of fuel, and the pre-heated reactant stream in at least one secondary reaction zone downstream of the primary reaction zone. The combustion stream is maintained at a bulk combustion temperature below an auto-ignition temperature of the combustion stream. A composition of the combustion stream and the bulk combustion temperature are adjusted to maintain combustion marginally above a lower ignition limit boundary of the combustion stream. Upon the composition and the bulk combustion temperature reaching pre-determined flameless combustion conditions, the bulk combustion temperature is increased above an auto-ignition temperature of the combustion stream.

OBJECT To provide an industrial furnace that burns ammonia efficiently while decreasing nitrogen oxides. MEANS OF REALIZING THE OBJECT An industrial furnace 1 burns ammonia using flame F, emitted by a burner 10. Ammonia is supplied to the burner 10 alongside of combustion air and fuel gas. Injection nozzles 21, 22, 23, 24 for ammonia each have a shape of a tube. The injection nozzles 21, 22, 23, 24 for ammonia are provided on a wall surface of a furnace body 2 and pierce the wall surface. The injection nozzles 21, 22, 23, 24 for ammonia each have a top end that protrudes toward the interior of the furnace body 2 from the wall surface. The injection nozzles 21, 22, 23, 24 for ammonia are used to inject ammonia exclusively. In addition, the injection nozzles 21, 22, 23, 24 for ammonia are entirely formed from a catalyst C that decomposes ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen.

A burner including a first burner element having a first annular oxidant nozzle surrounding a first inner fuel nozzle; a second burner element having a second annular oxidant nozzle surrounding a second inner fuel nozzle, the second burner element being positioned adjacent to and spaced apart from the first burner element; a staging nozzle configured to flow secondary oxidant and being positioned adjacent to and spaced apart from the second burner element and separated from the first burner element by the second burner element; wherein the first inner nozzle and the second inner nozzle each have a major axis defined by a length L and a minor axis defined by a height hf; wherein 5 <= L / hf <= 15; wherein the staging nozzle has a major axis; and wherein the major axes of the first and second inner nozzles and the staging nozzle are substantially parallel with each other.