Plant extract comprising polyisoprenes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant extract comprising at least one polyisoprene A having a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) in an interval ranging from 1 kDa to 15 kDa and at least one polyisoprene B having a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) in an interval ranging from 80 kDa to 150 kDa, and to the method for obtaining same. The invention further relates to the use of the extract in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, coating, ink, varnish, paper, adhesive, candle, plastics, rubber and / or food product fields.

Description

PLANT EXTRACT COMPRISING POLYISOPRENES

[0001] The present invention relates to a plant extract comprising at least one polyisoprene A with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in the range from 1 kDa to 15 kDa and at least one polyisoprene B with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in the range from 80 kDa to 150 kDa and a process for obtaining it.

[0002] The invention also relates to the use of said extract in the fields of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, coatings, inks, varnishes, paper, adhesives, candles, plastics, rubbers and / or food products.

[0003] Paraffins, also called mineral waxes, are hydrocarbon compounds derived from petroleum refining. Consisting of alkanes of 18 to 60 carbon atoms, linear and branched cyclic, respectively iso- and cycloalkanes, paraffins are substances with a solid to semi-solid consistency at room temperature (Bio-paraffin from Soybean Oil as Eco-friendly Alternative to Mineral Waxes. Sandra Romero & coll. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2021, 60, 5364-5373). Their main properties are their variable melting point between 35 and 90°C, their excellent stability to oxidation and temperature, their olfactory neutrality and their clarity.

[0004] There are different types of mineral paraffins depending on their consistency and melting point: soft waxes, microcrystalline waxes and paraffin waxes, better known by their English names slack wax, petrolatum, microcrytailine wax, paraffin wax, ozokerites, Fisher Tropsch wax. The applications of mineral paraffins are extremely extensive since they are widely used in the fields of packaging and cardboard in particular (more than 30% of volumes produced), candles (25% of volumes), inks and coatings (more than 10% of volumes), plastics and rubbers (8%), adhesives (8%), cosmetics (An Example of Commercializing Biobased Coatings and Binders. D. Jarboe. Written for presentation at the 2017 ASABE Annual International Meeting Sponsored by ASABE Spokane, Washington July 16-19, 2017).

[0005] Many of these markets are also served by certain so-called natural waxes, of plant or animal origin, such as beeswax, candelilla wax, and carnauba wax. Although more expensive, these waxes offer a renewable alternative to mineral paraffins. Their commonality lies mainly in their melting point or dropping point of between 40 and 90°C (The World of Wax. M. Becker. Oils & Fats International (OFI), January 2010, pp. 38-40). But their global production volume 400,000 tonnes remains much lower than that of mineral paraffins estimated at more than 3 million tonnes.

[0006] However, mineral paraffins and natural waxes do not meet certain recent developments in market expectations, particularly in terms of environmental friendliness and safety. These waxes and paraffins are also increasingly controversial from a regulatory perspective.

[0007] Thus, a large group of mineral paraffins is suspected of toxicity, including carcinogenic effects. This is why in 2013, the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) set acceptable daily intakes for microcrystalline waxes (food additive E 905) and medium-viscosity white paraffins, applicable to a large number of food products (Scientific Opinion on Mineral OU Hydrocarbons in Food, EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM), published on 28 August 2013). This resulted in limit concentrations to be respected in particular in dairy products, vegetable oils, cereals, spices, fish, eggs, etc.

[0008] Furthermore, due to their origin, mineral paraffins contribute negatively to the increase in anthropogenic carbon dioxide. In addition, they are not biodegradable and induce bioaccumulation in the environment (Waxes and Related Materials. American Petroleum Institute. January 21, 2011). This is why many sectors are looking for substitutes of natural and renewable origin.

[0009] Finally, recent developments in petrochemical processes and in the type of fossil fuel resources have gradually led to a decrease in the volumes of mineral paraffins produced. In 2013, in the USA, the National Petrochemical & Refiners Association estimated that 25% of global volumes were at risk, for three major reasons: 1) greater efficiency in catalytic paraffin cracking processes, 2) a constantly decreasing demand for oil, 3) the recent development of shale gas, which produces significantly fewer paraffinic co-products than oil cracking. Consequently, the need to develop renewable alternatives is becoming increasingly important for sectors that use a lot of mineral paraffins.

[0010] When it comes to natural waxes of plant and animal origin such as carnauba, candelilla and beeswax, other problems have arisen. Firstly, candelilla and carnauba waxes are obtained from processes and sectors that are not very respectful of people or the environment. A very poorly paid workforce and exposure to toxic substances have brought significant discredit to the resulting waxes. To the point that these waxes do not meet the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) criteria now required by many industrial sectors. In addition, these waxes are extracted from plants collected from the environment in a wild and uncontrolled manner, leading to a negative impact on biodiversity. For example, the candelilla plant Euphorbia Antisiphilityca is now listed on the CITES list of endangered plants. Finally, the production of carnauba and candelilla waxes is often affected by climatic conditions and not always easy access to the resource, leading to frequent supply disruptions.

[0011] Concerning beeswax, its animal origin leads to obstacles to its use in certain sectors such as natural cosmetics and certified "vegan" products. In addition, it is a by-product of the production of large-scale honey and is therefore contaminated by pesticides that must be eliminated by costly purification processes.

[0012] Finally, in many applications, natural waxes cannot completely replace paraffins because they have lower melting points and do not have the same hardness.

[0013] Vaseline, also called petrolatum, is a raw material from the mineral oil class with a smooth to slightly pasty texture. It is a widely used ingredient in food (additive) and cosmetics, particularly in balms and lipsticks, moisturizers and hair care products. But the use of petroleum jelly is increasingly controversial and subject to strict regulations (Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Petroleum Distillate Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Volume 5, Number 3, 1986, Statutory Instruments - Consumer Protection, The Cosmetic Products (Safety) Regulations 2008, No. 1284, pp 1-144).

[0014] This is why, in cosmetics, many substitutes of plant origin have been proposed, for example in US3764537, US4659573, US5976560 or WO 2007 / 107966, which consist of mixtures mainly consisting of fatty esters of vegetable oils, vegetable oils and hydrogenated vegetable oils. The semi-synthetic nature of these substitutes as well as their multi-component composition make them difficult to incorporate into different types of topical formulations, makeup and hair products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop substitutes that are simpler to use and consist of a minimum number of ingredients, ideally no more than two.

[0015] Lanolin and its derivatives have long been used in cosmetics. They are used for their moisturizing properties on the skin and appendages (Final Report for the Safety Assessment of Acetylated Lanolin Alcohols and Related Compounds, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https: / / www.cir-safety.org / sites / default / files / 115_buff3g_suppl.pdf). They are also lubricants, giving formulations a soft and smooth feel, and in some applications even an adhesive effect. Produced from sheep's wool, their animal origin significantly hinders their use in cosmetics, particularly since the mad cow crisis and the consumer trend towards vegan and animal welfare-friendly products. This is why many lanolin substitutes have been proposed, for example in WO 2005 / 044203, JP 2019047841 and / or US 5,436,006. Here again, these are complex mixtures of natural and semi-synthetic ingredients which make their incorporation into different types of cosmetic formulations (makeup, skincare, haircare, etc.) difficult.

[0016] Silicones, and in particular dimethicones and their derivatives, are widely used ingredients in cosmetics (Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Dimethicone Copolyol., Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Volume 1, Number 4, 1982, Silicone Polymers in Skin Care. Anthony J. O'Lenick and Kevin A. O'Lenick, MRS Bulletin, Vol. 32, October 2007, www / mrs.org / bulletin). Among silicones, dimethicones (polydimethylsiloxanes, PDMS) are the most widely used in cosmetics, particularly for their film-forming properties. Dimethicones and their derivatives form a surface film on the skin and coat the hair. From a sensory perspective, they provide shine and a silky, soft feel. Despite their remarkable properties, they are increasingly rejected by consumers because they are suspected of being toxic. As a result, the cosmetics industry is developing products labeled “silicone-free.”Also, many substitutes of different types are proposed. The company SEPPIC, for example, offers linear and branched alkane cuts obtained by hydrocracking vegetable oils (S. Duprat-de-Paule. Augmented Bio-based Lipids for Cosmetics. OCL 2018, 25(5), 2018 pp 2-12). Although they partially reproduce certain sensory properties of silicones, these alkanes do not have the hair-coating power of dimethicones. Similarly, the company INOLEX offers plant-based alternatives to silicones under the brand name LexFeel™, which are bio-sourced synthetic esters (glycerol triheptanoate, heptyl undecylenate, diheptyl succinate). These esters have the disadvantage of being easily hydrolyzable and of releasing strongly odorous alcohols and fatty acids, unlike silicones which have excellent stability to hydrolysis.It is therefore necessary to develop substitutes for silicones and in particular dimethicones, which have excellent hydrolysis stability and strong hair coating power.

[0017] In order to address the various issues related to the use of mineral paraffins and natural waxes, substitutes have been proposed. For example, application WO 03 / 093404 claims compositions comprising hydrogenated polymerized oils. However, the production process involves chemical synthesis steps, in this case a polymerization of the drying oils. (soybean, flax, safflower) as well as their high-temperature hydrogenation, which correspond to energy-intensive and dangerous process steps. In addition, these polymerized and hydrogenated oils do not allow the production of waxy compositions with a very high melting point, i.e. above 90°C.

[0018] US Application 8,529,924 discloses paraffin wax substitutes for candle making, consisting of hydrogenated vegetable oils. Again, the production process involves a relatively hazardous process, namely catalytic hydrogenation, and leads to compositions with limited melting points.

[0019] US Application 4,842,648 claims a paraffin wax substitute consisting of glycerol monostearate and refined palm stearin. However, the maximum melting point of the composition is significantly lower than that of paraffin waxes.

[0020] US Application 8,685,118 discloses paraffin substitutes obtained by intermolecular metathesis of unsaturated vegetable oils. The metathesis reaction involves the use of homogeneous, specific and expensive catalysts making the process economically unprofitable. In addition, it is known to those skilled in the art that the selectivity of metathesis reactions is difficult to control and leads to the production of complex mixtures of coupling products whose final rheological properties are difficult to control.

[0021] Application CN1151997486A discloses a composition for the manufacture of aircraft tire treads obtained by mixing at least three isoprenes of different average molecular weights. It does not disclose a plant extract comprising polyisoprenes. The technical field targeted is also very far from that of the invention.

[0022] Furthermore, when using inorganic pigments or organic pigments in an oily phase, the particles tend to agglomerate. This is the result of the incompatibility of the pigment coating with the oily phase. This results in agglomerates that can trap air pockets. This results in viscous and non-homogeneous pastes that are difficult to use in cosmetic formulations. When applied to the skin, products formulated with these pastes are difficult to spread and the resulting color is not uniform.

[0023] Agglomerates are loosely bound particles that can normally be broken up using rotary-stator mills or propeller mixers with the aid of a dispersing agent.

[0024] In cosmetic formulation, the main compounds used as aqueous phase dispersants are sodium polyacrylate or sodium polynaphthalene sulfonate. The main compounds used as aqueous phase dispersants are sodium polyacrylate or sodium polynaphthalene sulfonate. The oily phase is castor oil and its derivatives. Castor oil is a polar oil composed of more than 90% glyceryl triricinolate and ricinoleic acid, an unsaturated hydroxy fatty acid that provides excellent steric stabilization. Polyhydroxystearic acid (PHA) is produced from hydroxystearic acid, which is made by hydrogenating ricinoleic acid and polymerizing it into a polyester. This product is a dispersant derived from castor oil and is widely used as a dispersant in cosmetic formulations.

[0025] However, ricin is classified as a potential substance that could be used for bioterrorism. It is also highly allergenic to the skin and respiratory tract. This problem explains why castor oil is no longer produced in Europe but only in growing countries, particularly India.

[0026] Castor oil is also dangerous to extract because the seeds contain active ricin, which is a potent toxin that can be fatal if ingested. Extraction also requires total refining of the castor oil to ensure its safe use (degumming, neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization), acid hydrolysis in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst to produce castor fatty acids, selective fractionation of castor fatty acids to obtain ricinoleic acid (RA), pressure hydrogenation of RA to hydroxystearic acid (HA), and selective polycondensation of HA to PHA (intermolecular polyesterification) to limit lactone formation from intramolecular condensation of HA on itself.

[0027] APH is therefore produced from a hazardous raw material and following a complex chemical synthesis.

[0028] Quite surprisingly, the applicant has developed a plant extract comprising a polyisoprene having excellent dispersing power for solid particles, in particular pigments and sunscreens, and not having the drawbacks previously mentioned.

[0029] Furthermore, the process for preparing the plant extract according to the invention has the advantage of not requiring any chemical synthesis step, of being environmentally friendly, non-toxic and safe.

[0030] Application EP145621 A2 discloses the use in cosmetics of a composition comprising a polyisoprene having an average molecular weight of 100,000 to 4,000,000 Da, a clay and an organic solvent, said composition having film-forming and adhesive properties. The polyisoprene used in this application is a synthetic polyisoprene from the company KRATON POLYMERS.

[0031] This application does not disclose plant extracts comprising polyisoprenes.

[0032] Application FR2962905 A1 discloses a composition for caring for and / or making up keratin fibres, comprising 3% by weight of isododecane, one or more elastomeric polymers comprising at least one unit chosen from isoprene, butadiene and / or butylene or said elastomeric polymer(s) having a molecular mass greater than or equal to 100,000 g / mol, and a tackifying resin.

[0033] This application refers to application EP1454621 A2 described above for the definition of polyisoprenes. The polyisoprene used is in particular a synthetic polyisoprene from the company KRATON POLYMERS.

[0034] Application US2008 / 0299057 A1 discloses a method for preparing a solid dispersion in an organic solvent comprising the steps of combining solid particles in powder form with a dispersant composition comprising 10 to 90% of an oil-soluble surfactant, 10 to 90% of an anhydride-based polymer, and in particular from a long list of potential polymers, maleinized polyisoprenes, and 0 to 50% of a liquid oily carrier. The anhydride-based polymer according to this application has a molecular weight of between 1,000 and 50,000 Da.

[0035] These applications do not disclose plant extracts comprising polyisoprenes.

[0036] The plant extract according to the invention also has the advantage of being an alternative to paraffins, respectful of humans and the environment, non-ecotoxic and bioaccumulative, natural, renewable, vegan, low in toxicity and presenting an excellent naturalness index.

[0037] It also has the advantage of maintaining very high stability over time in terms of rheological, functional, safety and viscosity properties, and high resistance to hydrolysis.

[0038] Finally, it has many properties of interest for its use in cosmetics and / or therapy, in particular softening and melting temperatures particularly suited to formulation, an emulsifiable character, spreading properties, a film-forming character, a gelling power and a coating effect on the hair.

[0039] Also, the extract according to the invention combined with one or more ingredients is an alternative to petroleum jelly, lanolin and dimethicones, the disadvantages of which have been stated above.

[0040] The plant extract according to the invention can finally be obtained from shea (Vitellara paradoxa, more precisely from shea butter (INCI: BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII BUTTER) and in particular from the precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process, an unvalued co-product of the shea butter industry.

[0041] A first subject of the invention relates to a plant extract comprising at least one polyisoprene A with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 1 kDa to 15 kDa and at least one polyisoprene B with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 80 kDa to 150 kDa.

[0042] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "plant extract" means a substance obtained exclusively by chemical, physical, mechanical or biological treatment processes of at least one plant. The expression is used in particular in opposition to a synthetic product, in that it excludes any substance obtained by processes comprising chemical synthesis steps.

[0043] The plant extract according to the present invention is therefore biosourced, that is to say comprising at least 95% biosourced carbon, as determined by standard ASTM D6866 - 12 (Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis).

[0044] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its unsaponifiable content is within a range from 85% to 100% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0045] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its unsaponifiable content is within a range from 90% to 99% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0046] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its unsaponifiable content is within a range from 93% to 98% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0047] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "unsaponifiable" means compounds insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Unsaponifiables include in particular squalene, sterols, methyl sterols, triterpene alcohols, tocopherols and / or hydrocarbons.

[0048] The determination of the unsaponifiable content may be carried out by any method conventionally known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, it may be carried out by the standardized method NF EN ISO 18609.

[0049] The very high unsaponifiable content has the advantage of guaranteeing stability over time of rheological, functional and safety properties, softening temperature, viscosity and resistance to hydrolysis.

[0050] In fact, in formulation, the plant extract according to the invention has in particular an emulsifiable character, spreading properties, a film-forming character, a gelling power, a coating effect on the hair significantly superior to any fraction or extract having a lower unsaponifiable rate. By way of Consequently, the sensory properties of the formulations, a very important criterion in cosmetics, are significantly better with the plant extract according to the invention.

[0051] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its mass content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 75% to 100% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0052] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its mass content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 80% to 95% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0053] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its mass content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range of 85% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0054] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 3 kDa to 13 kDa.

[0055] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 5 kDa to 11 kDa.

[0056] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 7 kDa to 9 kDa.

[0057] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 1 kDa to 10 kDa.

[0058] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 3 kDa to 8 kDa.

[0059] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 4 kDa to 6 kDa.

[0060] The determination of the mass-average (Mw) or number-average (Mn) molecular mass of polyisoprenes may be carried out by any method conventionally known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, it may be carried out by multi-detection size exclusion chromatography (MD-SEC).

[0061] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0062] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 20% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0063] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 30% to 70% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0064] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 40% to 60% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0065] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range of 50% to 55% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

[0066] The determination of the polyisoprene content may be carried out by any method conventionally known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, it may be carried out by multi-detection size exclusion chromatography (MD-SEC).

[0067] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract.

[0068] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 20% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract.

[0069] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 30% to 70% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract.

[0070] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 40% to 60% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract.

[0071] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within an interval ranging from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all polyisoprenes in the plant extract.

[0072] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 20% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract.

[0073] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 30% to 70% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract.

[0074] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 40% to 60% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract.

[0075] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract.

[0076] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 20% to 80% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract.

[0077] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 30% to 70% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract.

[0078] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 40% to 65% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract.

[0079] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 50% to 65% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract.

[0080] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is in a range from 60% to 65% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract.

[0081] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A is a 1,4 polyisoprene.

[0082] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A is a 1,4 polyisoprene of cis-1,4 and / or trans 1,4 form.

[0083] The determination of the conformation of polyisoprenes may be carried out by any method conventionally known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, it may be carried out by carbon 13 NMR analysis.

[0084] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0085] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 20% to 80% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0086] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 30% to 70% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0087] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range of 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0088] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range of 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0089] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range of 48% to 50% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0090] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0091] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range of 20% to 80% relative to all isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0092] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 30% to 70% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0093] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range of 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0094] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range of 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0095] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range of 50% to 52% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

[0096] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A is not maleinized.

[0097] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 90 kDa to 140 kDa.

[0098] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 100 kDa to 125 kDa.

[0099] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 105 kDa to 110 kDa. [000100] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 50 kDa to 80 kDa. [000101] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 60 kDa to 70 kDa. [000102] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 62 kDa to 67 kDa. [000103] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000104] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 20% to 70% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000105] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 25% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000106] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 40% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.[000107] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 35% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000108] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract. [000109] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 20% to 70% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract. [000110] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 25% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract. [000111] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 40% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract. [000112] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 35% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the unsaponifiable compounds of the plant extract. [000113] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract. [000114] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 20% to 70% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract. [000115] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 25% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract. [000116] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 40% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract. [000117] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 35% (m / m) relative to the total mass of all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract. [000118] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract. [000119] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 20% to 70% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract. [000120] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 25% to 50% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract. [000121] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 40% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract. [000122] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is included in a range from 30% to 35% (m / m) relative to the sum of the masses of polyisoprenes A and B of the plant extract. [000123] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B is a 1,4 polyisoprene. [000124] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene B is a 1,4 polyisoprene of cis-1,4 and / or trans 1,4 form. [000125] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000126] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 20% to 80% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000127] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 70% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000128] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000129] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000130] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 48% to 50% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000131] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000132] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range of 20% to 80% relative to all isomers of polyisoprene B. [000133] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 30% to 70% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000134] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000135] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000136] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 50% to 52% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B. [000137] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the polyisoprene B is not maleinized. [000138] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that neither polyisoprene A nor polyisoprene B is maleinized. [000139] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A and / or B is a 1,4 polyisoprene. [000140] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise 1,2-form polyisoprene. [000141] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise 3,4-form polyisoprene. [000142] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise polyisoprene of form 1,2 or of form 3,4. [000143] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that polyisoprene A and / or B is a 1,4 polyisoprene of cis- form 1,4 and / or trans 1,4. [000144] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000145] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 20% to 80% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000146] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 30% to 70% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000147] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000148] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000149] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 48% to 50% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000150] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000151] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 20% to 80% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000152] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 30% to 70% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000153] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000154] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range of 45% to 55% relative to all isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000155] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A and / or B is within a range from 50% to 52% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A and / or B. [000156] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it has a bimodal distribution of polyisoprenes. [000157] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 75% to 100% relative to all the polyisoprenes of the plant extract according to the invention. [000158] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 80% to 99% relative to all the polyisoprenes of the plant extract according to the invention. [000159] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 85% to 97% relative to all the polyisoprenes of the plant extract according to the invention. [000160] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the relative content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 90% to 95% relative to all the polyisoprenes of the plant extract according to the invention. [000161] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise cis-isoprene rubber with a mass-average molecular mass of between 1.4 and 2.5 MDa. [000162] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise polyisoprenes with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) greater than 1 MDa. [000163] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise polyisoprenes with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) greater than 750 kDa. [000164] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise polyisoprenes with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) greater than 500 kDa. [000165] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise polyisoprenes with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) greater than 250 kDa. [000166] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it does not comprise polyisoprenes with a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) greater than 150 kDa. [000167] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises monoglycerides. [000168] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of monoglycerides is within a range from 0.01% to 30% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000169] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of monoglycerides is within a range from 0.1% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000170] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of monoglycerides is within a range from 1% to 7% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000171] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the extract further comprises sterols and / or methyl sterols. [000172] The determination of the sterol and / or methyl sterol content may be carried out by any of the methods conventionally used by those skilled in the art. [000173] According to one embodiment of the invention, the measurement of the sterol and / or methyl sterol content is carried out by gas chromatography GC-FID. [000174] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols is within a range from 0.01% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000175] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols is within a range from 0.1% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000176] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols is within a range ranging from 0.2% to 3% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter in the plant extract. [000177] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols is within a range from 0.3% to 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000178] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of methyl sterols is within a range from 0.01% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000179] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of methyl sterols is within a range from 0.1% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000180] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of methyl sterols is within a range from 0.2% to 3% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000181] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of methyl sterols is within a range from 0.3% to 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000182] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols and / or methyl sterols is within a range from 0.01% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000183] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols and / or methyl sterols is within a range from 0.1% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000184] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols and / or methyl sterols is within a range from 0.2% to 3% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000185] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of sterols and / or methyl sterols is within a range from 0.3% to 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000186] Triterpene alcohols and sterols / methylsterols tend to precipitate when cold, which can destabilize emulsions, cloud liquid formulations, especially cosmetics, in particular serums, shampoos, hair styling products, but also make emulsions grainy and therefore negatively affect the sensory properties of the formulations. Similarly, these compounds can modify the rheological and stability properties via the formation of oxidized products (oxysterols and peroxides), which over time can also cause the formulations to take on color (browning) and / or skin intolerance problems. [000187] The applicant has also succeeded, in a completely surprising and unexpected manner, in developing a plant extract whose low content of triterpene alcohols and sterols and methyl sterols makes it possible to resolve all of the problems cited above. [000188] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises triterpene alcohols. [000189] The measurement of the triterpene alcohol content can be carried out by any of the methods conventionally used by those skilled in the art. [000190] According to one embodiment of the invention, the measurement of the triterpene alcohol content is carried out by gas chromatography GC-FID. [000191] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of triterpene alcohols is within a range from 0.01% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000192] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of triterpene alcohols is within a range from 0.1% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000193] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of triterpene alcohols is within a range from 0.2% to 3% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000194] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of triterpene alcohols is within a range from 0.3% to 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract. [000195] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises soaps. [000196] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of soaps is within a range from 0% to 7% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000197] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of soaps is within a range from 0.01% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000198] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of soaps is within a range from 0.05% to 3% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000199] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of soaps is within a range from 0.1% to 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract. [000200] The low content of the plant extract according to the invention has the advantage on the one hand of making it more easily soluble in the fatty phases of compositions, in particular cosmetic compositions, and on the other hand of reducing skin tolerance problems, in particular skin irritation and corrosiveness. [000201] When the plant extract according to the invention is dispersed in water to be treated in an extruder in order to dry it hot and shape it into an extrudate, the low soap content reduces the formation of foam which makes it difficult to dry and shape the extract according to the invention. [000202] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its acid number is within a range from 0.01 mg KOH / g to 30 mg KOH / g. [000203] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its acid number is within a range from 0.1 mg KOH / g to 25 mg KOH / g. [000204] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its acid number is within a range from 1 mg KOH / g to 20 mg KOH / g. [000205] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its acid number is within a range from 3 mg KOH / g to 15 mg KOH / g. [000206] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its acid number is within a range from 5 mg KOH / g to 10 mg KOH / g. [000207] The determination of the acid number may be carried out by any method conventionally known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, it may be carried out according to the standardized method NF EN ISO 660. [000208] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its saponification index is within a range from 1 mg KOH / g to 30 mg KOH / g. [000209] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its saponification index is within a range from 2 mg KOH / g to 25 mg KOH / g. [000210] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its saponification index is within a range from 3 mg KOH / g to 20 mg KOH / g. [000211] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its saponification index is within a range from 4 mg KOH / g to 15 mg KOH / g. [000212] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its saponification index is within a range from 5 mg KOH / g to 10 mg KOH / g. [000213] The determination of the saponification index may be carried out by any method conventionally known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, it may be carried out according to the standardized method NF ISO 3657. [000214] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its iodine index is within a range from 50 gb / 100g to 150 g I2 / 100g. [000215] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its iodine index is within a range from 60 gb / 100g to 140 g I2 / 100g. [000216] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its iodine index is within a range from 70 g I2 / 100g to 130g I2 / 100g. [000217] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its iodine index is within a range from 80 g I2 / 100g to 120g I2 / 100g. [000218] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its iodine index is within a range from 90 g I2 / 100g to 110g I2 / 100g. [000219] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its iodine index is within a range from 95 gb / 100g to 100 g I2 / 100g. [000220] The measurement of the iodine index may be determined by any conventional method known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, it is determined according to standard NF ISO 3961. [000221] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “softening” temperature means the temperature from which the material begins to liquefy and loses its hardness. [000222] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its softening temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 10°C to 70°C. [000223] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its softening temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 20°C to 60°C. [000224] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its softening temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 30°C to 50°C. [000225] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its softening temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 35°C to 45°C. [000226] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its melting temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 20°C to 100°C. [000227] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its melting temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 30°C to 90°C. [000228] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its melting temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 40°C to 80°C. [000229] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its melting temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 50°C to 70°C. [000230] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its melting temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 50°C to 60°C. [000231] The low melting temperature of the extract according to the invention has the advantage of making it easier to use for the manufacture of compositions, particularly cosmetic compositions. [000232] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “decomposition” temperature means the temperature from which the material, when decomposing, begins to lose mass as observed by DSC analysis. [000233] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its decomposition temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 400 to 800°C. [000234] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its decomposition temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 450 to 700°C. [000235] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its decomposition temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 480 to 600°C. [000236] These softening, melting and decomposition temperature characteristics have the advantage of providing a substitute or equivalent product for paraffins. They also make it possible to develop waxy compositions with a very high melting point by adding the plant extract according to the invention. [000237] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its water loss when the extract is heated at 100°C for one hour is within a range of 0.1 to 3.0%. [000238] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its water loss when the extract is heated at 100°C for one hour is within a range of 0.5 to 2.5%. [000239] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its water loss when the extract is heated at 100°C for one hour is within a range of 1 to 2%. [000240] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in ethanol is within a range from 1 to 10 g / L. [000241] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in ethanol is within a range of 2 to 7 g / L. [000242] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in ethanol is within a range of 3 to 5 g / L. [000243] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in acetone is within a range from 1 to 10 g / L. [000244] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in acetone is within a range of 2 to 7 g / L. [000245] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in acetone is within a range of 4 to 6 g / L. [000246] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in chloroform is within a range from 10 to 40 g / L. [000247] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in chloroform is within a range of 15 to 30 g / L. [000248] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that its solubility at 20°C in chloroform is within a range of 20 to 25 g / L. [000249] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained from a plant naturally comprising at least one polyisoprene. [000250] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained from a single species of plant naturally comprising at least one polyisoprene. [000251] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained from one of the plants chosen from the group comprising: Vitellaria paradoxa, Palaquium gutta, Hevea brasiliensis, Hevea benthamania, Hevea guianensis, Parthenium argentatum, Kz dandelion, Eucommia ulmoides, Ficus carica, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Argania spinosa and / or Euphorbia macroclada. [000252] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract is obtained from Vitellaria paradoxa. [000253] In one embodiment, the plant extract is obtained from shea butter (INCI code: BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII BUTTER). [000254] In one embodiment, the plant extract is obtained from a fraction of shea butter. [000255] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “shea butter” means raw, semi-refined or refined shea butter. [000256] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “shea butter fraction” means any compound resulting from the fractionation of shea butter. [000257] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “fractionation of shea butter” means at least one step of treatment of raw, semi-refined or refined shea butter with an organic solvent. [000258] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "raw shea butter" means an unrefined butter, obtained by simple mechanical pressure of the almonds or by extraction with a solvent, for example hexane. [000259] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "semi-refined shea butter" means a butter which has undergone at least one step of neutralization, degumming, decolorization on bleaching earth in the presence or absence of activated carbon and / or neutralizing or non-neutralizing deodorization. [000260] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "refined shea butter" means a butter that has undergone physical or chemical refining. Chemical refining means a butter that has undergone the steps of neutralization in the presence of a base, degumming, bleaching on bleaching earth in the presence or absence of activated carbon and deodorization. Physical refining means a butter that has undergone the steps of degumming, bleaching on bleaching earth in the presence or absence of activated carbon and neutralizing deodorization. [000261] The fractionation of shea butter is carried out with at least one solvent chosen from the list comprising acetone, methyl-THF, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dodecane, alpha and beta pinene, limonene, pinane, adamanthane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, methyl isobutyl ketone and / or isopropanol and leads to the olein and stearin fractions and a precipitate. [000262] This usually unused precipitate is the raw material which will enable the fraction according to the invention to be prepared; in the remainder of this application it will be referred to as “precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process”. [000263] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is the co-product of the saponification of the precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process. [000264] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is obtained by a process not comprising a treatment step with ethanol, nor with a solvent from the family of linear, branched and / or cyclic alkanes, and / or from the family of aromatic compounds of the precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process. [000265] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is hydrogenated. [000266] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “hydrogenated” means an extract that has undergone at least one hydrogenation reaction. [000267] In one embodiment, the hydrogenation of the plant extract according to the invention is carried out in an organic solvent in the presence of at least one homogeneous or heterogeneous metal catalyst, comprising at least one hydrogenating metal included in the group of nickel, copper, cobalt, platinum, ruthenium, rhenium and / or palladium. [000268] In one embodiment, the hydrogenation reaction is carried out under a hydrogen pressure greater than 1 bar. [000269] In one embodiment, the hydrogenation reaction is carried out at a temperature above 60°C. [000270] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is hydrogenated and has an iodine value of less than or equal to 60 gh / 100g. [000271] In one embodiment, the plant extract according to the invention is treated with an alcohol. [000272] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "treated with an alcohol" means an extract having undergone at least one washing step in the presence of an alcohol comprising 1 to 22 carbon atoms. [000273] Preferably, the extract treated with an alcohol is treated with ethanol in an extract / alcohol mass ratio of 0.01 to 100. The alcohol washing may comprise one or more washes, at a temperature of 20 to 250°C. The washing is carried out in batch mode or continuously against the current. [000274] Another object according to the present invention relates to a composition comprising a plant extract according to the invention. [000275] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of plant extract according to the invention is within a range from 1.10 -3% to 99% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000276] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of plant extract according to the invention is within a range from 1.10 -2 % to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000277] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of plant extract according to the invention is within a range from 0.1% to 35% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000278] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of plant extract according to the invention is within a range from 0.5% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000279] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of plant extract according to the invention is within a range from 1% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000280] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of plant extract according to the invention is within a range from 2% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000281] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, in particular a dermatological composition. [000282] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a cosmetic composition. [000283] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a cosmetic composition and further comprises at least one cosmetically acceptable excipient. [000284] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a pharmaceutical composition. [000285] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a pharmaceutical composition and further comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. [000286] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a dermatological composition. [000287] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a dermatological composition and further comprises at least one dermatologically acceptable excipient. [000288] According to the present invention, the term "cosmetic composition" means a non-therapeutic composition, that is to say a composition intended for the prevention and / or care of healthy skin, including healthy scalp, and / or healthy appendages and / or healthy mucous membranes. [000289] According to the present invention, the term "healthy skin", "healthy appendages" or "healthy mucous membranes" means any area of ​​skin and / or appendages and / or mucous membranes qualified as non-pathological by a dermatologist, that is to say which does not present any infection, inflammation, scar, disease or skin condition such as folliculitis, candidiasis, psoriasis, ichthyosis, pathologies linked to melanogenesis such as vitiligo, eczema, acne, actinic keratosis, carcinoma, melanoma, boil or dermatitis, in particular seborrheic, alopecia or wounds or injuries. [000290] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "integumentary appendages" means the integumentary productions derived from the ectoderm which are characterized by a high level of keratinization. Integumentary appendages thus do not include the skin or the mucous membranes. In humans, the main integumentary appendages are thus the hair, body hair and nails. [000291] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention further comprises at least one biosourced ingredient included in the group comprising: alkanes, natural or synthetic waxes, fatty esters of vegetable oils, blown and / or polymerized and / or hydrogenated and / or polyhydroxylated vegetable oils, fatty acid esters, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, fatty acid soaps, natural polymers, synthetic polymers, fatty alcohols, free phytosterols / stanols, esterified phytosterols / stanols, free triterpene alcohols, esterified free triterpene alcohols and / or glycol fatty esters. [000292] The composition thus obtained is a bio-sourced composition. [000293] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “bio-sourced ingredient” or “a bio-sourced composition” means a compound or composition comprising at least 95% bio-sourced carbon, as determined by standard ASTM D6866-12 (Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis). [000294] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is a homogeneous mixture. [000295] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention has the characteristics of a eutectic mixture. [000296] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention further comprises at least one ingredient having a refractive index at 20°C of 1.5000 to 1.5200. [000297] The mixture of the extract according to the invention with an ingredient having a substantially identical refractive index, in this case of 1.5000 to 1.5200 at 20°C, has the advantage of making the mixture translucent. The mixture thus formed is therefore more easily formulated in cosmetics in particular. [000298] Ingredients having a refractive index of 1.5000 to 1.5200 at 20°C may in particular be chosen from the group comprising: poly (2-chloroethyl methacrylate), poly (cyclohexyl methacrylate), polyisobutene, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly(tetra hydrofurfuryl methacrylate), poly(acrylic acid), poly(acrylonitrile), poly(methyl isopropenyl ketone) and / or polyisoprene. [000299] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention further comprises at least one other polyisoprene. [000300] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention further comprises at least one ingredient chosen from the group comprising: antioxidants, surfactants, sunscreens and / or preservatives. [000301] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention further comprises at least one ingredient of fossil origin included in the group comprising: alkanes, mineral oils, microcrystalline waxes, paraffins, paraffin waxes, liquid paraffins and / or oily paraffins, petrolatum, vaseline, soft waxes, ozokerites, Fisher Tropsch waxes, synthetic waxes, synthetic fatty alcohols, synthetic fatty acids and / or polymers. [000302] According to the invention, the term "paraffin" means an alkane or a mixture of alkane, in particular linear alkanes, isoalkanes (or branched alkanes), cycloalkanes and naphthenes, MOSH (Mineral Oil Saturated Hydrocarbons) whose carbon number is greater than 18, mono- or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons known under the name MOAH (Mineral Oil Aromatic Hydrocarbons) whose carbon number is greater than 10. [000303] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention further comprises at least one compound chosen from the group comprising: non-volatile oils, glossy oils, pasty fatty substances, gelling agents, film-forming polymers, waxes, antioxidants, pigments, dyes, surfactants, emulsifiers, an aqueous phase, or mixtures thereof. [000304] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one non-volatile oil. [000305] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "non-volatile oil" means an oil having a flash point above 110°C measured according to the ATSM D93 standard. [000306] These oils may be of vegetable, mineral or synthetic origin. [000307] These non-volatile oils can be hydrocarbon, silicone, fluorinated or fluorosilicone oils. [000308] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “hydrocarbon oil” means an oil essentially consisting of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and possibly oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms. [000309] Among these hydrocarbon oils, we can cite linear or branched alkanes of mineral or synthetic origin such as linear or branched alkanes of 17 to 40 carbon atoms, (poly)esters and (poly)ethers, and in particular (poly)esters of C2-C24 (preferably C6-C20) acids, triglycerides of C6-C20 fatty acids, vegetable oils, dialkyl carbonates, branched and / or unsaturated fatty acids, branched and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols. [000310] Concerning non-volatile silicone oils, they are notably chosen from the group comprising phenylated silicone oils, non-volatile polydimethylsiloxanes, or derivatives of non-volatile polydimethylsiloxanes and their mixtures. [000311] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the non-volatile oil is chosen from the group comprising non-volatile linear or branched alkanes. [000312] In one embodiment, the non-volatile oil is selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkanes of 17 to 40 carbon atoms. [000313] In one embodiment, the non-volatile oils are of plant origin. [000314] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the non-volatile oil is a vegetable hydrocarbon oil. [000315] The vegetable hydrocarbon oils are in particular chosen from the group comprising: wheat germ, sunflower, grape seed, sesame, coconut, apricot, castor, corn, avocado, soybean, shea, olive, sweet almond, cotton, palm, macadamia, rapeseed, jojoba, hazelnut, poppy, alfalfa, pumpkin, blackcurrant, squash, evening primrose, barley oils, and mixtures thereof. [000316] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the non-volatile oil is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000317] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the non-volatile oil is at least 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000318] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the non-volatile oil is within a range from 5% to 25% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000319] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the non-volatile oil is within a range from 5% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000320] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the non-volatile oil is within a range from 10% to 25% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000321] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one glossy oil. [000322] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "shiny oil" means an oil having intrinsic shine properties. "Shiny oils" are frequently used in cosmetics to ensure a "shiny effect" when applying the compositions to keratin materials, for example. [000323] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the glossy oil is a non-volatile oil. [000324] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the glossy oil is chosen from the group comprising: [000325] - polymers such as: polybutylenes, in particular POLYBUTENE® marketed or manufactured by the company ATAMAN, hydrogenated polyisobutylenes, polydecenes and hydrogenated polydecenes, polyfarnesenes, vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, in particular the vinylpyrrolidone / eicosene copolymer, ANTARON V 220 ® marketed or manufactured by the company ISP. [000326] - esters such as esters of linear fatty acids having a total number of carbons greater than 30, aromatic esters, esters of fatty alcohol or branched fatty acids having from 20 to 30 carbon atoms. [000327] - ester copolymers such as: dimer dilinoleyl dimer dilinoleate (LUSPLAN DD— DA5 ® and LUSPLAN DD-DA7 ®), dilinoleic acid / butanediol copolymer (VISCOPLAST 14436H®), dilinoleic acid / propanediol copolymer and mixtures thereof. [000328] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the glossy oil is at least 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000329] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the glossy oil is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000330] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the glossy oil is between 2% and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000331] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the glossy oil is between 5% and 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000332] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the glossy oil is between 10% and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000333] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the glossy oil is between 2% and 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000334] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the glossy oil is between 5% and 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000335] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one pasty fatty substance. [000336] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "pasty fatty body" means a lipophilic fatty compound with a reversible solid / liquid state change, having at room temperature (25°C) a liquid fraction and a solid fraction. [000337] In other words, the melting temperature of the pasty fatty substance is less than or equal to 25°C. [000338] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the pasty fatty substance is chosen from the group comprising synthetic pasty fatty substances, animal pasty fatty substances, vegetable pasty fatty substances and mixtures thereof. [000339] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the pasty fatty substance is a synthetic pasty fatty substance chosen from the group comprising: polyol ethers, petroleum jelly, vinyl polymers, pentaerythritol esters, polyesters and mixtures thereof. [000340] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the animal pasty fatty substance is lanolin. [000341] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the vegetable pasty fatty body is chosen from the group comprising: vegetable butters, fatty acid triglycerides and their derivatives, and their mixtures. [000342] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pasty fatty substance is between 0% and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000343] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pasty fatty substance is between 0% and 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000344] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pasty fatty substance is between 0% and 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000345] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pasty fatty substance is between 0% and 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000346] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one gelling agent. [000347] Furthermore, certain glossy oils such as VISCOPLAST 14436H®, and the compounds marketed under the name LUSPLAN DD-DA5® and LUSPLAN DD-DA7® can also be used as gelling agents. [000348] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is chosen from the group comprising: organic gelling agents, mineral gelling agents, polymeric gelling agents, and mixtures thereof. [000349] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is an organic gelling agent chosen from the group comprising: ethylcellulose and its derivatives, resins derived from rosin, dextrin esters, fatty acid esters, and mixtures thereof. [000350] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is a mineral gelling agent chosen from the group comprising: hectorite and its derivatives, pyrogenic silica and its derivatives, and mixtures thereof. [000351] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is a polymeric gelling agent chosen from the group comprising: organopolysiloxanes and their derivatives, dimethicone copolymers and their derivatives, polystyrene / polyisoprene copolymers, polystyrene / polybutadiene copolymers, polystyrene / copoly(ethylene-propylene) copolymers, polystyrene / copoly(ethylene-butylene) copolymers, mixtures of copolymers in isododecane such as ethylene / propylene copolymer or butylene / ethylene / styrene copolymer, polyesters and their derivatives, polyamide resins, and mixtures thereof. [000352] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is dextrin palmitate or one of its derivatives. [000353] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is a modified hectorite of the BENTONE GEL ISD type. V® or one of its equivalents. [000354] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is a modified hectorite of the VEGELIGHT BENTONE SILK SB® type or one of its equivalents. [000355] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is a modified hectorite of the disteardimonium hectorite type associated with triethyl citrate. [000356] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is a mixture of copolymer in isododecane such as ethylene / propylene copolymer. [000357] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the gelling agent is the combination of a dimethicone polymer and a mixture of alkanes marketed under the name VEGELIGHT SILK SI 118® by BIOSYNTHIS, or one of its equivalents. [000358] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000359] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is at least 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000360] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is between 5% and 30% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000361] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is between 5% and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000362] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is between 15% and 30%. % (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000363] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is between 5% and 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000364] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is between 15% and 25%. % (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000365] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the gelling agent is between 20% and 30%. % (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000366] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one film-forming polymer. [000367] For the purposes of the present invention, the term film-forming polymer means a polymer capable of forming a macroscopically continuous film, in particular on the lips within the scope of our invention. [000368] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the film-forming polymer is chosen from the group comprising: acrylic polymers, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyamides, silicone polymers. [000369] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the film-forming polymer is trimethylsilloxysilicate marketed under the name TMS 803. [000370] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the film-forming polymer is at least 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000371] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the film-forming polymer is at least 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000372] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the film-forming polymer is between 1% and 25% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000373] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the film-forming polymer is between 10% and 25% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000374] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the film-forming polymer is between 1% and 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000375] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the film-forming polymer is between 10% and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000376] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one wax. [000377] Waxes play an important role in the design of cosmetic products, particularly lipsticks, because they influence certain essential criteria such as the texture, appearance and / or solidity of the product. [000378] In the context of the present invention, the term "wax" means a lipophilic compound having a reversible solid / liquid state change. In other words, the compound is solid at room temperature (at 25°C) and has a melting point greater than or equal to 30°C. [000379] In one embodiment, the waxes used have a melting point greater than or equal to 50°C. [000380] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one wax is chosen from the group comprising: synthetic waxes, mineral waxes, vegetable waxes and / or animal waxes. [000381] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the wax is a mineral wax or a synthetic wax chosen from the group comprising: microcrystalline waxes, paraffins, ozokerite, polyethylene waxes, silicone waxes and / or fluorinated waxes. [000382] By "vegetable wax" is meant a composition comprising at least one partially or completely hydrogenated oil. These vegetable waxes may comprise esters of fatty acids and fatty alcohols, and may further comprise fatty acids, free fatty alcohols, long chain linear alkanes and / or unsaponifiables. [000383] In one embodiment, the waxes used are vegetable waxes. [000384] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the wax is a vegetable or animal wax chosen from the group comprising: lanolin wax, rice bran wax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, berry wax, beeswax, sunflower wax, mimosa wax, jojoba wax, castor wax and / or olive wax. [000385] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the wax is at least 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000386] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the wax is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000387] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the wax is between 2% and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000388] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the wax is between 5% and 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000389] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the wax is between 2% and 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000390] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the wax is between 5% and 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000391] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one antioxidant. [000392] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the antioxidant is chosen from the group comprising: phenolic antioxidants of the BHA, BHT, DBPC, gallate type, so-called natural antioxidants such as dl-alpha-tocopherol or its derivatives, tocotrienols, plant extracts, dibasic lipopeptides such as lysine or arginine, and mixtures thereof. [000393] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the antioxidant is at least 0.01% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000394] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the antioxidant is at least 0.1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000395] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the antioxidant is between 0.01% and 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000396] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the antioxidant is between 0.01% and 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000397] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the antioxidant is between 0.1% and 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000398] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the antioxidant is between 0.01% and 0.1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000399] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one pigmentary part. [000400] This pigmentary part makes it possible to obtain a coloring of the composition. [000401] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the pigmentary part is chosen from the group comprising: dyes and / or pigments. [000402] In one embodiment, the pigment portion comprises dyes. [000403] In one embodiment, the dyes are selected from the group comprising: synthetic dyes and / or natural dyes. [000404] In one embodiment, the synthetic dye is selected from the group comprising: CI100006, CI12010, CI12085, CI12120, CI12370, CI12420, CI12490, CI14270, CI14700, CI14720, CI14815, CI15525, CI15580, CI15620, CI15630, CI15850, CI15865, CI15880, CI15980, CI15985, CI1035, CI16255, CI16290, CI17200, CI18050, CI45100, CI45220, CI45380, CI45430, CI77499, CI77267, CI77268, CI77266, CI50420, CI27755, CI28440, CI20470 and mixtures thereof. [000405] In one embodiment, the natural colorants are chosen from the group comprising: chlorophyll, anthocyanins, lycopene and / or turmeric. [000406] In one embodiment, the natural colorants are in their dehydrated forms. [000407] In one embodiment, the pigment portion comprises pigments. [000408] In one embodiment, the pigments are chosen from mineral pigments, organic pigments and / or special effect pigments. [000409] In one embodiment, the pigments are mineral pigments. [000410] In one embodiment, the mineral pigments are selected from the group comprising: iron oxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, copper oxide, mica, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, iron silicate, chromium oxide, chromium hydrate, ultramarine, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, kaolin, barium sulfate, silica, talc, sodium aluminosilicate thiosulfates, bismuth oxychloride, copper phthalocyanine, chlorinated copper phthalocyanine, calcium aluminum borosilicate, tin oxide, magnesium oxide and / or aluminum oxide. [000411] In one embodiment, the pigments are organic pigments. [000412] In one embodiment, the organic pigments are selected from the group consisting of: aluminosilicate thiosulfate, fuchsine, mauveine, azo pigments, quinacridones, perylene, quinacridones, azo phthalocyanines, carmine and / or nitroso, nitro, xanthene, quinoline, anthraquinone, isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinacridone, perinone, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, dioxazine, triphenylmethane and / or quinophthalone compounds and / or lake pigments. [000413] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “lake pigments” means colorants associated with an inert mineral support which makes them insoluble. [000414] In one embodiment, the inert mineral support of the lake pigments is chosen from the group comprising: alumina, silica, calcium and sodium borosilicate or calcium and aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum. [000415] In one embodiment, the lake pigments are selected from the group comprising: D&C Red 21 (CI 45380), D& Orange 5 (CI 45370), D&C Red 27 (CI 45410), D&C Orange 10 (CI 45425), D&C Red 3 (CI 45430), D&C Red 4 (CI 15510), D&C Red 33 (CI 17200), FD&C Yellow 5 (CI 19140), FD&C Yellow 6 (CI 15985), D&C Green 5 (CI 61570), D&C Yellow 10 (CI 77002), FD&C Green 3 (CI 42053) and / or FD&C Blue 1 (CI 42090). [000416] In one embodiment, the pigments are special effect pigments. [000417] In one embodiment, the special effect pigments are pearls and / or glitters. [000418] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of pigments is at least 0.01% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000419] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is at least 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000420] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000421] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is between 0.01% and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000422] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is within a range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000423] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is within a range from 5% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000424] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is within a range from 1% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000425] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is within a range from 5% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000426] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is within a range from 0.01% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000427] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is within a range from 5% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000428] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the pigmentary part is within a range from 10% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000429] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one surfactant. [000430] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "surfactant" means a compound which modifies the surface tension between two surfaces, phases. Generally speaking, these compounds are amphiphilic molecules and make it possible to solubilize two immiscible phases of a composition. [000431] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one surfactant is chosen from the group comprising non-ionic, cationic, anionic and / or amphoteric surfactants. [000432] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant. [000433] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one surfactant is chosen from the group of non-ionic surfactants consisting of: polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, glycerin alkyl ethers, glycerin fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, fatty acids, ethoxylated fatty acids, sorbitan esters, polysorbates, alkylglucosides, glutamates, ethoxylated vegetable oils, polyglycerols, glycerol esters, sucroesters, poloxamers, dimethicone copolyols, meroxapols, oxo-amines, alkanol-amides, alcohol esters polyhydric and / or cocamines.In one embodiment, the fatty alcohols are chosen from the group comprising myristyl alcohol (in particular the product LANETTE® 14 as marketed by the company BASF), behenyl alcohol (in particular the product LANETTE® 22 as marketed by the company BASF), cetearyl alcohol (in particular the product LANETTE® O as marketed by the company BASF), stearyl alcohol (in particular the product LANETTE® 18 as marketed by the company BASF) and / or cetyl alcohol (in particular the product LANETTE® 16 as marketed by the company BASF). [000434] In one embodiment, the ethoxylated fatty alcohols are chosen from the group comprising Oleth-10 (in particular the product BRU™ O10 as marketed by the company CRODA), Oleth-2 (in particular the product BRU™ 02 as marketed by the company CRODA), Ceteth-10 (in particular the product BRU™ CIO as marketed by the company CRODA), C12-13 Alketh-3 (in particular the product BRU™ LT3 as marketed by the company CRODA), Laureth-23 (in particular the product BRU™ L23 as marketed by the company CRODA), Oleth-3 (in particular the product BRU™ 02 as marketed by the company CRODA), Laureth-9 (in particular the product BRU™ L9 as marketed by the company CRODA), Steareth-2 (in particular the BRU™ S2 product as marketed by the CRODA company), Steareth-21 (in particular the product EUMULGIN® S21 as marketed by BASF), Ceteareth-25 (in particular the product EUMULGIN® B25 as marketed by BASF), Ceteareth-12 (in particular the product EUMULGIN® B1 as marketed by BASF), Ceteareth-20 (in particular the product EUMULGIN® B2 as marketed by BASF), Ceteareth-30 (in particular the product EUMULGIN® B3 as marketed by BASF), Beheneth-10 (in particular the product EUMULGIN® BA10 as marketed by BASF) and / or Beheneth-25 (in particular the product EUMULGIN® BA25 as marketed by BASF). [000435] In one embodiment, the fatty acids are chosen from the group comprising palmitic acid and stearic acid (in particular the product DUB 50 P as marketed by the company STEARINERIE DUBOIS) and / or stearic acid (in particular the product STEARIC ACID as marketed by the company GODREJ INDUSTRIES LIMITED). [000436] In one embodiment, the ethoxylated fatty acids are chosen from the group comprising PEG-2 Stearate (in particular the product HALLSTAR® DGMS as marketed by the company HALLSTAR) PEG-75 Stearate (in particular the product PRODHYBASE® 75 as marketed by the company Laboratoires Prod'Hyg. [000437] In one embodiment, the sorbitan esters are chosen from the group comprising sorbitan laurate (in particular the product MONTANE™ 20 as marketed by the company SEPPIC), sorbitan stearate (in particular the product MONTANE™ 60 as marketed by the company SEPPIC), sorbitan isostearate (in particular the product MONTANE™ 70 as marketed by the company SEPPIC), sorbitan oleate (in particular the product MONTANE™ 80 VG as marketed by the company SEPPIC), sorbitan sesquioleate (in particular the product MONTANE™ 83 VG as marketed by the company SEPPIC), sorbitan tristearate (in particular the product SPAN™ 65 as marketed by the company CRODA), sorbitan trioleate (in particular the product SPAN™ 85 as marketed by CRODA),sorbitan palmitate (in particular the product SPAN™ 40 as marketed by the company CRODA) and / or sorbitan olivate (in particular the product OLIVEM® 900 as marketed by the company HALLSTAR)., [000438] In one embodiment, the polysorbates are chosen from the group comprising polysorbate 20 (in particular the product MONTANOX™ 20 as marketed by the company SEPPIC), polysorbate 60 (in particular the product MONTANOX™ 60 as marketed by the company SEPPIC), polysorbate 65 (in particular the product TWEEN™ 65 as marketed by the company CRODA), polysorbate 80 (in particular the product MONTANOX™ 80 as marketed by the SEPPIC company) and / or polysorbate 85 (in particular the product TWEEN™ 85 as marketed by CRODA). [000439] In one embodiment, the alkylglucosides are chosen from the group comprising sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate and lauryl glucoside (in particular the product PLANTAPON® LGC SORB as marketed by the company BASF), caprylyl capryl glucoside (in particular the product PLANTACARE® 810 as marketed by the company BASF), lauryl glucoside (in particular the product PLANTACARE® 1200 as marketed by the company BASF), coco-glucoside (in particular the product PLANTACARE® 818 as marketed by the company BASF), decyl glucoside (in particular the product PLANTACARE® 2000 as marketed by the company BASF) and / or polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate (in particular the product DEHYMULS® PGPH as marketed by the company BASF).In one embodiment, the glutamates are chosen from the group comprising sodium stearoyl glutamate (in particular the product EUMULGIN® SG as marketed by the company BASF), sodium cocoyl glutamate (in particular the product PLANTAPON® ACG 50 as marketed by the company BASF), sodium myristoyl glutamate (in particular the product PROTELAN MGL-E as marketed by the company ZSCHIMMER & SCHWARZ) and / or sodium lauroyl glutamate (in particular the product PROTELAN AGL 95 PV-E as marketed by the company ZSCHIMMER & SCHWARZ).[000440] In one embodiment, the ethoxylated vegetable oils are chosen from the group comprising PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil (in particular the product EUMULGIN® CO 40 as marketed by the company BASF), PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil (in particular the product EUMULGIN® CO 60 as marketed by the company BASF) and / or PEG-40 Castor Oil (in particular the product EUMULGIN® RO 40 as marketed by the company BASF). [000441] In one embodiment, the polyglycerols are chosen from the group comprising polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate (in particular the product LAMEFORM TGI as marketed by the company BASF), polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate (in particular the product CITHROL™ PG23IS as marketed by the company CRODA), polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate (in particular the product CITHROL™ PG32IS as marketed by the company CRODA), polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate (in particular the product CITHROL™ PG3PR as marketed by the company CRODA), PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate (in particular the product CITHROL™ DPHS as marketed by the company CRODA), PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate (in particular the product CITHROL™ 10GTIS as marketed by the company CRODA), polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate (in particular the product SYNETH™ 03 as marketed by the company LONZA), polyglyceryl-6 distearate (in particular the product SYNETH™ S8 as marketed by the company LONZA),polyglyceryl-10 stearate (including the SYNETH™ S10 product such as, marketed by the company LONZA), polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate (in particular the product SYNETH™ Pli as marketed by the company LONZA), polyglyceryl-10 oleate (in particular the product SYNETH™ 013 as marketed by the company LONZA), polyglyceryl-10 caprylate / caprate (in particular the product SYNETH™ C15 as marketed by the company LONZA), polyglyceryl-10 laurate (in particular the product SYNETH™ L 15 as marketed by the company LONZA), polyglyceryl-2 stearate (and) glyceryl stearate (and) stearyl alcohol (in particular the product POLYAQUOL™ 2W as marketed by the company DKSH), polyglyceryl-4 laurate (and) polyglyceryl-6 laurate (in particular the product POLYAQUOL™ LW as marketed by the company INNOVACOS) and / or polyglyceryl-2 oleate (and) polyhydroxystearic acid (and) polyglyceryl-2 stearate (in particular the product POLYAQUOL™ OS2 as marketed by the company DKSH). [000442] In one embodiment, the glycerol esters are chosen from the group comprising glyceryl stearate (in particular the product CITHROL™ GMS 40 as marketed by the company CRODA), glyceryl stearate SE (in particular the product CITHROL™ GMS 40 SE as marketed by the company CRODA), glyceryl distearate (in particular the product HALLSTAR® GDS as marketed by the company HALLSTAR), glyceryl oleate (in particular the product MONOMULS® 90-0 18 as marketed by the company BASF), glyceryl laurate (in particular the product MONOMULS® 90-L 12 as marketed by the company BASF) and / or cetyl stearate (in particular the product KESTER WAX K-56 RSPO as marketed by the company KOSTER KEUNEN). [000443] In one embodiment, the sucrose esters are chosen from the group comprising sucrose laurate (in particular the product SURFHOPE® C1216 as marketed by the company MITSUBISHI), sucrose myristate (in particular the product SURFHOPE® C1416 as marketed by the company MITSUBISHI), sucrose palmitate (in particular the product SURFHOPE® C1616 as marketed by the company MITSUBISHI) and / or sucrose stearate (in particular the product SURFHOPE® C1816 as marketed by the company MITSUBISHI). [000444] In one embodiment, the poloxamers are chosen from the group comprising poloxamer 124 (in particular the product ADEKA NOL L-44 as marketed by the company DKSH), poloxamer 184 (in particular the product ADEKA NOL L-64 as marketed by the company DKSH), poloxamer 234 (in particular the product ADEKA NOL L-84 as marketed by the company DKSH), poloxamer 188 (in particular the product ADEKA NOL L-68 as marketed by the company DKSH), poloxamer 238 (in particular the product ADEKA NOL L-88 as marketed by the company DKSH), poloxamer 338 (in particular the product ADEKA NOL L-108 as marketed by the company DKSH), poloxamer 407 (in particular the product SYBPERONIC™ PE / F127 as marketed by CRODA) and / or poloxamer 182 (in particular the product SYBPERONIC™ PE / L62 as marketed by CRODA). [000445] In one embodiment, the dimethicone copolyols are chosen from the group comprising PEG-12 Dimethicone (in particular the product DOWSIL™ ES-5373 as marketed by the company DOW CHEMICAL), PEG / PPG-20 / 22 Butyl Ether Dimethicone (in particular the product KF-6012 as marketed by the company Shin-Etsu Silicones Europe BV), PEG-10 Dimethicone (in particular the product KF-6017 as marketed by the company Shin-Etsu Silicones Europe BV), PEG-3 Dimethicone (in particular the product KF-6015 as marketed by the company Shin-Etsu Silicones Europe BV), Lauryl PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone (in particular the product KF-6038 as marketed by the company Shin-Etsu Silicones Europe BV), PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone (including the product KF-6028 as marketed by Shin-Etsu Silicones Europe BV)) and / or Polyglyceryl-3 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone (in particular the product KF-6104 as marketed by the company Shin-Etsu Silicones Europe BV). [000446] In one embodiment, the cocamines are chosen from the group comprising cocamide DEA (in particular the product INCROMIDE™ CDEA as marketed by the company CRODA), cocamide MEA (in particular the product INCROMIDE™ CMEA as marketed by the company CRODA) and / or lauramide DEA (in particular the product INCROMIDE™ 716 as marketed by the company CRODA). [000447] In one embodiment, the polyhydric alcohol esters are selected from the group comprising glycerol, polyglycerols, polyalkylene glycol, erythritol, glucose, xylitol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, anhydrosorbitol and / or sucrose. [000448] In one embodiment, the alkanol amides are selected from the group comprising alkanoyl-n-methylglucamides, di / tri ethanolamide acylamides and / or ethoxylated acylamides. [000449] In one embodiment, the cationic surfactant is selected from the group comprising quaternary ammoniums, lecithins, alkylimidazolines, alkylamines, ethoxylated amines, amino acid acyls [000450] In one embodiment, the quaternary ammoniums are chosen from the group comprising Polyquaternium-7 (in particular the product DEHYQUART® CC 7 as marketed by the company BASF), Polyquaternium-16 (in particular the product LUVIQUAT® EXCELLENCE as marketed by the company BASF), cetearyl alcohol (and) behentrimonium methosulfate (in particular the product INCROQUAT™ BEHENYL TMS as marketed by the company CRODA) and / or cetrimonium chloride (in particular the product DEHYQUART® A-CA as marketed by BASF). [000451] In one embodiment, the lecithins are chosen from the group comprising lecithin (in particular the product DS-SUN PC65 as marketed by the company Doosan Corporation). [000452] In one embodiment, the amino acid acyls are selected from the group comprising capryloyl glycine and / or lauryl glycine [000453] In one embodiment, the amphoteric surfactant is selected from the group comprising alkyl betaines, cocoamidopropyl betaines, cocoamphoacetates, cocoamphodiacetates, alkyl amide amido propyl n-oxides, alkyl amidopropyl betaines [000454] In one embodiment, the alkyl betaines are chosen from the group comprising coco-betaine (in particular the product DEHYTON® AB 30 as marketed by the company BASF). [000455] In one embodiment, the COCOAMIDOPROPYL BETAINES are chosen from the group comprising cocamidopropyl betaine (in particular the product DEHYTON® PK 45 as marketed by the company BASF). [000456] In one embodiment, the COCOAMPHOACETATES AND COCOAMPHODIACETATES are chosen from the group comprising Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate (in particular the product Dehyton® DC as marketed by the company BASF). [000457] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one surfactant is an anionic surfactant. [000458] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one surfactant is an anionic surfactant chosen from the group consisting of: alkyl phosphates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphates, sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, polyaspartates and sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfates, fatty acid soaps, alkyl sulfonates, acylated isethionates, taurine and / or methyl taurine sulfates, alkanolamide sulfates, imidazole sulfates and / or alkyl citrates. [000459] In one embodiment, the sulfosuccinates are chosen from the group comprising disodium cetearyl sulfosuccinate (in particular the product EUMULGIN® Prisma as marketed by the company BASF) and / or disodium laureth sulfosuccinate (in particular the product TEXAPON® SB 3 KC as marketed by the company BASF). [000460] In one embodiment, the alkyl sulfates are chosen from the group comprising: sodium lauryl sulfate (in particular the product SULFETAL® C 90 POWDER as marketed by the company ZSCHIMMER & SCHWARZ), ammonium lauryl sulfate (in particular the product SULFETAL® LA as marketed by ZSCHIMMER & SCHWARZ) and / or sodium coco sulfate (in particular the product TEXAPON® K 30 UP as marketed by BASF). [000461] In one embodiment, the alkyl ether sulfates are chosen from the group comprising sodium laureth sulfate (in particular the product TEXAPON® NS70 as marketed by the company BASF) and / or ammonium laureth sulfate (in particular the product SULFOCHEM™ EA-2SB as marketed by the company LUBRIZOL). [000462] In one embodiment, the fatty acid soaps are chosen from the group comprising potassium cocoate (in particular the product SURFAVON® 869 as marketed by the company DKSH) and / or potassium cocoate (and) potassium olivate (in particular the product EURASOL® KCO as marketed by the company EOC GROUP). [000463] In one embodiment, the alkylsulfonates are chosen from the group comprising sodium C14-16 olefin sulfonate (in particular the product ALFANOX® 46 as marketed by the company KAO CHEMICALS), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (in particular the product NANSA® HS 80 / S as marketed by the company INNOSPEC) and / or sodium C10-13 alkyl benzenesulfonate (in particular the product NANSA® HS 85 / S as marketed by the company INNOSPEC). [000464] In one embodiment, the acylated isethionates are chosen from the group comprising sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate (in particular the product ISELUX® LQ-CLR-SB as marketed by the company INNOSPEC) and / or sodium cocoyl isethionate (in particular the product SMARTSULFA® SCI 85 as marketed by the company UNIPROMA). [000465] In one embodiment, the taurine and methyl taurine sulfates are chosen from the group comprising sodium methyl lauroyl taurate (in particular the product PUREACT TR-L90 as marketed by the company INNOSPEC) and / or sodium methyl oleoyl taurate (in particular the product PUREACT MS-CG as marketed by the company INNOSPEC). [000466] In one embodiment, the ALKYL CITRATES are chosen from the group comprising glyceryl stearate citrate (in particular the product DRACORIN® CE F as marketed by the company SYMRISE). [000467] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant. [000468] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the at least one surfactant is at least 0.1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000469] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the at least one surfactant is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000470] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the at least one surfactant is between 0.1% and 30% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000471] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the at least one surfactant is between 5% and 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000472] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one emulsifier. [000473] In one embodiment, the at least one emulsifier is chosen from the group comprising: cetearyl alcohol and ceteareth-33, (in particular the product SINNOWAX AO as marketed by the company CRODA), glyceryl stearate and cetearyl alcohol and stearic acid and sodium lauroyl glutamate (in particular the product PROTELAN ENS as marketed by the company ZSCHIMMER & SCHWARZ), glyceryl stearate and PEG-100 stearate (in particular the product ARLACEL 165 as marketed by the company CRODA), cetearyl alcohol and cetearyl glucoside (in particular the product MONTANOV™ 68 as marketed by the company SEPPIC), cetyl alcohol and glyceryl stearate and PEG-75 stearate and ceteth-20 and steareth-20 (in particular the product EMULIUM® DELTA MB as marketed by the company GATTEFOSSÉ),glyceryl oleate and polyglyceryl-3-polyricinoleate and unsaponifiables of O / ea Europaea oil (in particular the product ECOMULS 2 IN 1 as marketed by the company NATURATEC)., [000474] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the at least one surfactant is within a range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000475] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the at least one surfactant is within a range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000476] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the at least one surfactant is within a range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000477] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one sunscreen. [000478] In one embodiment, the sunscreens are chosen from the group comprising: mineral sunscreens and / or organic sunscreens. [000479] In one embodiment, the mineral sunscreens are selected from the group comprising: zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate (apatite), magnesium carbonate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, kaolin, talc, aluminum oxide, yellow iron oxide, cobalt titanate, cobalt violet and / or silicon oxide. [000480] In one embodiment, the mineral sunscreens are selected from the group comprising: zinc oxide and / or titanium dioxide. [000481] In one embodiment, the organic sunscreens are selected from the group comprising: camphor benzalkonium methosulfate, homosalate, benzophenone-3, phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, terephthalylidene dicamphor sulfonic acid, butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, benzylidene camphor sulfonic acid, octocrylene, polyacrylamidomethyl benzylidene camphor, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, peg 25-paba, isoamyl p-methoxycinnamate, ethylhexyl triazone, drometrizole trisiloxane, diethylhexyl butamido triazone, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, ethylhexyl salicylate, ethylhexyl dimethyl paba, benzophenone-4, benzophenone-5, methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetra-methylbutylphenol, disodium phenyl dibenzimidazole tetrasulfonate, bisethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, polysilicone-15 and / or diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate. [000482] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises at least one aqueous phase. [000483] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the aqueous phase consists of water. [000484] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the aqueous phase comprises water and at least one water-miscible organic solvent. [000485] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the aqueous phase comprises at least one water-miscible organic solvent chosen from the group consisting of lower alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, isoamyl alcohol, glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, ketones and short-chain aldehydes in C2 to C4. [000486] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the aqueous phase is between 1% and 95% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000487] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the aqueous phase is between 5% and 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000488] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the aqueous phase is between 5% and 60% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000489] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the aqueous phase is between 1% and 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000490] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the aqueous phase is between 1% and 30% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000491] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the aqueous phase is between 10 % and 40% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000492] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mass content of the aqueous phase is between 10 % and 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000493] Another subject according to the present invention relates to the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition and / or as a gelling agent in a composition and / or as a thickener in a composition and / or to maintain and / or increase the stability of an emulsion and / or to maintain and / or increase the hydrophobic character of a composition and / or to maintain and / or increase the water resistance of a composition. [000494] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition. [000495] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "modifying the rheology of a composition" means any modification of the viscosity and / or plasticity and / or elasticity of the composition. [000496] In one embodiment, the modification of the rheology of the composition corresponds to a maintenance and / or an increase in the viscosity, and / or to a maintenance and / or an increase in the plasticity and / or a maintenance and / or an increase in the elasticity of the composition. [000497] In one embodiment, the modification of the rheology of the composition corresponds to an increase in viscosity by a factor of 0.01 to 100,000 compared to the viscosity of the composition before the addition of the extract according to the invention. [000498] In one embodiment, the modification of the rheology of the composition corresponds to an increase in plasticity by a factor of 0.01 to 100,000 compared to the plasticity of the composition before the addition of the extract according to the invention. [000499] In one embodiment, the modification of the rheology of the composition corresponds to an increase in elasticity by a factor of 0.01 to 100,000 compared to the elasticity of the composition before the addition of the extract according to the invention. [000500] The viscosity, plasticity and / or elasticity measurements may be carried out by any of the methods conventionally used by those skilled in the art. [000501] In one embodiment of the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition, the composition is chosen from the group comprising an oily composition, a glycol, the fatty phase of a composition. [000502] In one embodiment of the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition characterized in that the composition is a cosmetic composition. [000503] In one embodiment of the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition, the cosmetic composition is chosen from the group comprising: a varnish, a foundation, a sun product and / or a product for the cosmetic treatment of eyelashes. [000504] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000505] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000506] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention to modify the rheology of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000507] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract according to the invention as a gelling agent in a composition. [000508] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “gelling agent” means a compound causing a modification of the viscosity by interaction between the macromolecules and the formation of a three-dimensional network. [000509] In one embodiment, the use of the extract according to the invention as a gelling agent in a composition is characterized in that the composition is chosen from the group comprising: a denatured ethyl alcohol, an isopropyl alcohol, a C6 to C44 fatty alcohol, a polyol, a glycol, a glycerol, a polyglycerol, a propylene glycol, a polyethylene glycol and / or a toothpaste composition. [000510] In one embodiment, the use of the extract according to the invention as a gelling agent in a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000511] In one embodiment, the use of the extract according to the invention as a gelling agent in a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000512] In one embodiment, the use of the extract according to the invention as a gelling agent in a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000513] One embodiment according to the invention relates to the use of a plant extract according to the present invention as a thickener in a composition. [000514] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “thickener” means a compound modifying the viscosity of a composition, without interaction between the macromolecules. [000515] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention as a thickener in a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000516] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention as a thickener in a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000517] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention as a thickener in a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000518] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of a plant extract according to the present invention for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion. [000519] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion" means maintaining a homogeneous mixture and / or preventing the emulsion from separating into its two constituent phases. [000520] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion is characterized in that the emulsions are oil-in-water emulsions. [000521] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion is characterized in that the emulsions are water-in-oil emulsions. [000522] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the emulsion. [000523] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the emulsion. [000524] In one embodiment, the use of the plant extract according to the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the emulsion. [000525] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition. [000526] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition" means reducing the affinity of said composition with water. [000527] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the composition is intended to be applied to the skin and / or appendages, in particular the hair. [000528] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the composition is a cosmetic composition. [000529] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the composition is chosen from the group comprising: a varnish, a foundation, a sun product and / or a product for the cosmetic treatment of eyelashes. [000530] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000531] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000532] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000533] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the water resistance of a composition. [000534] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "maintaining and / or increasing the water resistance of a composition" means maintaining and / or increasing the physical and / or chemical resistance of the composition to any aqueous solution and / or aqueous phase, in particular to bathing water and / or sweat. [000535] In one embodiment, the composition is a cosmetic composition. [000536] In one embodiment, the composition is chosen from the group comprising: a varnish, a foundation, a sun product and / or a product for the cosmetic treatment of eyelashes. [000537] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the water resistance of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content within the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000538] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the water resistance of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000539] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention for maintaining and / or increasing the water resistance of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000540] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract of the invention as substitutes and / or equivalents for paraffins of fossil origin, dimethicones, lanolin and / or petrolatum, and / or natural waxes, in particular beeswax, carnauba wax and / or candelilla wax, in a composition. [000541] In one embodiment, the composition is a composition for coating, an ink, a varnish, paper, cardboard, an adhesive, a candle, a plastic, rubber, a food product, a cosmetic product and / or a pharmaceutical product. [000542] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract of the invention to substitute beeswax in a composition. [000543] In one embodiment, the use of the extract of the invention to substitute beeswax in a composition is characterized in that the composition further comprises at least one ingredient chosen from the list comprising: vegetable oils, mineral oils, esterified oils and / or linear and / or branched alkanes from C10 to C40, trans esters of vegetable oils and synthetic fatty esters, vegetable waxes, such as carnauba wax, candellila wax, rice wax or sunflower wax, vegetable butters, such as shea butter, mango butter or cocoa butter - fatty acids, fatty alcohols, glycerol esters, hydrogenated oils, rosins and their derivatives, such as Glyceryl Rosinate and / or paraffins. [000544] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract according to the invention for dispersing solid particles in a composition. [000545] In one embodiment, the solid particles are dispersed in the oil phase of a composition. [000546] In one embodiment, the oily phase of the composition in which the particles are dispersed comprises at least one oil chosen from the group comprising: vegetable oils, mineral oils, esterified oils, linear and / or branched alkanes from C10 to C40, trans esters of vegetable oils and / or synthetic fatty esters. [000547] In one embodiment, the oily phase of the composition in which the particles are dispersed comprises a vegetable oil. [000548] In one embodiment, the solid particles have a size in the range of 0.01 nm to 5000 microns. [000549] In one embodiment, the solid particles have a size in the range of 0.1 nm to 500 microns. [000550] In one embodiment, the solid particles have a size in the range of 1 nm to 50 microns. [000551] In one embodiment, the solid particles have a size in the range of 100 nm to 25 microns. [000552] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is at least 0.01% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000553] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is at least 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000554] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000555] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 0.01% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000556] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000557] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is within a range of 5% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000558] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 1% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000559] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is within a range of 5% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000560] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 0.01% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000561] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 5% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000562] In one embodiment, the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 10% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000563] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1 / 1000 to 1 / 1. [000564] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1 / 100 to 1 / 50. [000565] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1 / 20 to 1 / 5. [000566] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1000 / 1 to 1 / 1. [000567] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 100 / 1 to 50 / 1. [000568] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 20 / 1 to 5 / 1. [000569] In one embodiment, the solid particles are chosen from the group comprising: sunscreens, dyes and / or pigments. [000570] In one embodiment, the sunscreens are chosen from the group comprising: mineral sunscreens and / or organic sunscreens. [000571] In one embodiment, the mineral sunscreens are selected from the group comprising: zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate (apatite), magnesium carbonate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, kaolin, talc, aluminum oxide, yellow iron oxide, cobalt titanate, cobalt violet and / or silicon oxide. [000572] In one embodiment, the mineral sunscreens are chosen from the group comprising: zinc oxide and / or titanium dioxide. [000573] In one embodiment, the dyes are chosen from the group comprising: synthetic dyes and / or natural dyes. [000574] In one embodiment, the synthetic dye is selected from the group comprising: CI100006, CI12010, CI12085, CI12120, CI12370, CI12420, CI12490, CI14270, CI14700, CI14720, CI14815, CI15525, CI15580, CI15620, CI15630, CI15850, CI15865, CI15880, CI15980, CI15985, CI1035, CI16255, CI16290, CI17200, CI18050, CI45100, CI45220, CI45380, CI45430, CI77499, CI77267, CI77268, CI77266, CI50420, CI27755, CI28440, CI20470 and mixtures thereof. [000575] In one embodiment, the natural colorants are chosen from the group comprising: chlorophyll, anthocyanins, lycopene and / or turmeric. [000576] In one embodiment, the natural colorants are in their dehydrated forms. [000577] In one embodiment, the solid particles are pigments. [000578] In one embodiment, the pigments are chosen from mineral pigments, organic pigments and / or special effect pigments. [000579] In one embodiment, the pigments are mineral pigments. [000580] In one embodiment, the mineral pigments are selected from the group comprising: iron oxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, copper oxide, mica, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, iron silicate, chromium oxide, chromium hydrate, ultramarine, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, kaolin, barium sulfate, silica, talc, sodium aluminosilicate thiosulfates, bismuth oxychloride, copper phthalocyanine, chlorinated copper phthalocyanine, calcium aluminum borosilicate, tin oxide, magnesium oxide and / or aluminum oxide. [000581] In one embodiment, the pigments are organic pigments. [000582] In one embodiment, the organic pigments are selected from the group consisting of: aluminosilicate thiosulfate, fuchsine, mauveine, azo pigments, quinacridones, perylene, quinacridones, azo phthalocyanines, carmine and / or nitroso, nitro, xanthene, quinoline, anthraquinone, isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinacridone, perinone, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, dioxazine, triphenylmethane and / or quinophthalone compounds and / or lakes. [000583] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “lakes” means colorants associated with an inert mineral support which makes them insoluble. [000584] In one embodiment, in the lacquers, the mineral supports are chosen from the group comprising: alumina, silica, calcium and sodium borosilicate or calcium and aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum. [000585] In one embodiment, in the lakes, the pigments are chosen from the group comprising: D&C Red 21 (CI 45380), D& Orange 5 (CI 45370), D&C Red 27 (CI 45410), D&C Orange 10 (CI 45425), D&C Red 3 (CI 45430), D&C Red 4 (CI 15510), D&C Red 33 (CI 17200), FD&C Yellow 5 (CI 19140), FD&C Yellow 6 (CI 15985), D&C Green 5 (CI 61570), D&C Yellow 10 (CI 77002), FD&C Green 3 (CI 42053) and / or FD&C Blue 1 (CI 42090). [000586] In one embodiment, the pigments are special effect pigments. [000587] In one embodiment, the special effect pigments are pearls and / or glitters. [000588] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract according to the invention for the preparation of a cosmetic composition. [000589] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a method for modifying the rheology of a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000590] In one embodiment, the method for modifying the rheology of a composition is characterized in that the composition is chosen from the group comprising an oily composition, a glycol, the fatty phase of a composition. [000591] In one embodiment, the method of modifying the rheology of a composition is characterized in that the composition is a cosmetic composition. [000592] In one embodiment, the method for modifying the rheology of a composition is characterized in that the cosmetic composition is chosen from the group comprising: a varnish, a foundation, a sun product and / or a product for the cosmetic treatment of eyelashes. [000593] In one embodiment, the method for modifying the rheology of a composition is characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention in a mass content comprised in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000594] In one embodiment, the method for modifying the rheology of a composition is characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention in a mass content comprised in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000595] In one embodiment, the method for modifying the rheology of a composition is characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention in a mass content comprised in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000596] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a method of gelling a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000597] In one embodiment, the method for gelling a composition is characterized in that the composition is chosen from the group comprising: a denatured ethyl alcohol and / or an isopropyl alcohol and / or a C6 to C44 fatty alcohol and / or a polyol and / or a glycol and / or a glycerol and / or a polyglycerol and / or a propylene glycol and / or a polyethylene glycol. [000598] In one embodiment, the method for gelling a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000599] In one embodiment, the method for gelling a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000600] In one embodiment, the method for gelling a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000601] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a method for thickening a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000602] In one embodiment, the method for thickening a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is added at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000603] In one embodiment, the method for thickening a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is added at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000604] In one embodiment, the method for thickening a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is added at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000605] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a method for stabilizing an emulsion, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000606] In one embodiment, the method for stabilizing an emulsion is characterized in that the emulsions are oil-in-water emulsions. [000607] In one embodiment, the method for stabilizing an emulsion is characterized in that the emulsions are water-in-oil emulsions. [000608] In one embodiment, the method for stabilizing an emulsion is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the emulsion. [000609] In one embodiment, the method for stabilizing an emulsion is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the emulsion. [000610] In one embodiment, the method for stabilizing an emulsion is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the emulsion. [000611] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a method for increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000612] In one embodiment, the method for increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the composition is intended to be applied to the skin and / or the appendages, in particular the hair. [000613] In one embodiment, the method for increasing the hydrophobicity of a composition is characterized in that the composition is a cosmetic composition. [000614] In one embodiment, the method for increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the composition is chosen from the group comprising: a varnish, a foundation, a sun product and / or a product for the cosmetic treatment of eyelashes. [000615] In one embodiment, the method for increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.1% to 80% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000616] In one embodiment, the method for increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 0.5% to 50% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000617] In one embodiment, the method for increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used at a mass content in the range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000618] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a method for dispersing solid particles in a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000619] In one embodiment, the solid particles are as previously defined. [000620] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is at least 0.01% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000621] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is at least 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000622] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is at least 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000623] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 0.01% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000624] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 1% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000625] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 5% to 20% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000626] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 1% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000627] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 5% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000628] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 0.01% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000629] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 5% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000630] In one embodiment, the method for dispersing the solid particles in a composition is characterized in that the mass content of solid particles is in a range from 10% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the composition. [000631] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1 / 1000 to 1 / 1. [000632] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1 / 100 to 1 / 50. [000633] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1 / 20 to 1 / 5. [000634] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the solid particle content and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 1000 / 1 to 1 / 1. [000635] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 100 / 1 to 50 / 1. [000636] In one embodiment, the mass ratio between the content of solid particles and the mass content of extract according to the invention is within a range from 20 / 1 to 5 / 1. [000637] Another object according to the present invention relates to a process for substituting paraffins of fossil origin, dimethicones, lanolin and / or petrolatum, and / or natural waxes, in particular beeswax, carnauba wax and / or of candelilla, in a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000638] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a method for substituting beeswax in a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000639] In one embodiment, the method for substituting beeswax in a composition is characterized in that it further comprises the addition of at least one ingredient chosen from the list comprising: vegetable oils, mineral oils, esterified oils and / or linear and / or branched alkanes from C10 to C40, trans esters of vegetable oils and synthetic fatty esters, vegetable waxes, such as carnauba wax, candellila wax, rice wax or sunflower wax, vegetable butters, such as shea butter, mango butter or cocoa butter - fatty acids, fatty alcohols, glycerol esters, hydrogenated oils, rosins and their derivatives, such as Glyceryl Rosinate and / or paraffins. [000640] Another subject according to the present invention relates to a process for preparing a cosmetic composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to the invention. [000641] Another object according to the present invention relates to the use of the extract according to the invention as an excipient for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition. [000642] Another object according to the present invention relates to the cosmetic use of a plant extract according to the invention as a cosmetic active ingredient. [000643] According to the present invention, the term "cosmetic use" means a non-therapeutic, non-pharmaceutical use of the extract according to the invention, on all or part of the healthy skin and / or healthy appendages and / or healthy mucous membranes. [000644] In one embodiment, the cosmetic use of the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract according to the invention is used as a cosmetic active ingredient for maintaining and / or increasing the hydration of healthy skin and / or healthy mucous membranes, in particular for maintaining and / or reducing insensible water losses and / or for maintaining and / or increasing the water content of healthy skin and / or healthy mucous membranes, and / or for preventing and / or slowing down the appearance of signs of cutaneous dryness of healthy skin and / or mucosal dryness of healthy mucous membranes. [000645] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “insensible water losses” means passive diffusion and insensible perspiration measured at the cutaneous level or mucosal. Also called transepidermal water loss or TEWL, insensible water loss can be measured by different methods, notably in vivo, in particular via an evaporimeter, a tewameter, notably in vitro, in particular by the open cylinder technique and / or ex vivo according to the methods conventionally used by those skilled in the art. [000646] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "water content of the skin and / or mucous membranes" means the quantity of water contained in the epithelia, in particular the epidermis and / or the epithelium of the mucous membranes. This content thus reflects the state of hydration. There are different methods for measuring the water content of the skin and / or mucous membranes, in particular in vivo and in particular via the corneometer, and / or by measuring desquamation via the corneofix (corneometry), or in vitro, in particular via the measurement of dielectric conductivity according to the methods conventionally used by those skilled in the art. [000647] In one embodiment, the cosmetic use of the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it is used as a cosmetic active ingredient to prevent and / or reduce wrinkles in healthy skin. [000648] In one embodiment, the cosmetic use of the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it is used as a cosmetic active ingredient for mattifying healthy skin. [000649] In one embodiment, the cosmetic use of the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it is used as a cosmetic active ingredient to maintain and / or increase the shine of healthy skin, in particular healthy lips and / or healthy appendages, and / or healthy hair. [000650] In one embodiment, the cosmetic use of the plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it is used as a cosmetic active ingredient for smoothing healthy hair. [000651] Another object according to the present invention relates to a cosmetic treatment method comprising the application to all or part of the healthy skin and / or healthy appendages, and / or healthy hair of the extract according to the invention. [000652] In one embodiment, the cosmetic treatment method according to the invention is implemented to maintain and / or increase the hydration of healthy skin and / or healthy mucous membranes, in particular to maintain and / or reduce insensible water losses and / or to maintain and / or increase the water content of healthy skin and / or healthy mucous membranes, and / or to prevent and / or slow down the appearance of signs of cutaneous dryness of healthy skin and / or mucosal dryness of healthy mucous membranes. [000653] In one embodiment, the cosmetic treatment method according to the invention is implemented to maintain and / or increase the shine of healthy skin, in particular healthy lips and / or healthy appendages, and / or healthy hair. [000654] In one embodiment, the cosmetic treatment method according to the invention is implemented to smooth healthy hair. [000655] In one embodiment, the cosmetic treatment method according to the invention is implemented to prevent and / or reduce wrinkles in healthy skin. [000656] In one embodiment, the cosmetic treatment method according to the invention is implemented to mattify healthy skin. [000657] Another object according to the present invention relates to the plant extract according to the invention for its therapeutic use. [000658] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention is characterized in that it is used in the treatment and / or prevention of burnt skin and / or mucous membranes and / or cracks and / or scabies and / or pityriasis alba and / or atopic dermatitis and / or ichthyosis. [000659] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention is characterized in that it is used in the treatment and / or prevention of states of dryness of the skin or mucous membranes which accompany skin conditions and / or pathologies of the mucous membranes such as eczema, and / or to maintain or improve the state of hydration of the skin and / or mucous membranes of damaged, sensitive, sensitized, altered, intolerant, fragile or reactive skin and / or mucous membranes, and / or in the treatment of scaly states and / or itching linked to dryness of the skin and / or mucous membranes. [000660] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention is characterized in that it is used in the treatment and / or prevention of lice and / or parasites. [000661] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention is characterized in that it is used in the treatment and / or prevention of lice and / or parasites, by oxygen-depriving occlusive effect. [000662] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention is characterized in that it is used to prevent and / or correct damage linked to UV radiation. [000663] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention as an SPF booster to prevent and / or correct damage linked to UV radiation. [000664] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “SPF booster” means a formulation intended to increase sun protection against UVA and / or UVB rays in association with a chemical and / or mineral sun filter. [000665] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention as an SPF booster to prevent and / or correct damage linked to UV radiation, in association with at least one chemical and / or mineral sunscreen. [000666] In one embodiment, the plant extract for its therapeutic use according to the invention as an SPF booster to prevent and / or correct damage linked to UV radiation, in association with at least one chemical and / or mineral sunscreen as previously defined. [000667] Another subject according to the invention relates to a method for the therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of burnt skin and / or mucous membranes and / or cracks and / or scabies and / or pityriasis alba and / or atopic dermatitis and / or ichthyosis, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to the invention. [000668] Another subject matter according to the invention relates to a method for the therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of states of dryness of the skin and / or mucous membranes which accompany skin conditions and / or pathologies of the mucous membranes such as eczema, and / or for maintaining or improving the state of hydration of the skin and / or mucous membranes of damaged, sensitive, sensitized, altered, intolerant, fragile and / or reactive skin and / or mucous membranes, and / or in the treatment of scaly states and / or itching linked to dryness of the skin and / or mucous membranes, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to the invention. [000669] Another subject according to the invention relates to a method for the therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of lice and / or parasites, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to the invention. [000670] Another subject according to the invention relates to a method of therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of damage linked to UV radiation, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to the invention. [000671] Another object according to the present invention relates to a process for obtaining a plant extract of the invention, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) a plant extract naturally comprising at least one polyisoprene is provided, b) the plant extract is treated with acid, [000672] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) naturally comprises a mass content of polyisoprene in a range from 0.1% to 95% (m / m) relative to the mass of the plant extract available in step a). [000673] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) naturally comprises a mass content of polyisoprene in a range from 0.5% to 75% (m / m) relative to the mass of the plant extract available in step a). [000674] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) naturally comprises a mass content of polyisoprene in a range from 1% to 50% (m / m) relative to the mass of the plant extract available in step a). [000675] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) naturally comprises a mass content of polyisoprene in a range from 2% to 30% (m / m) relative to the mass of the plant extract available in step a). [000676] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) naturally comprises a mass content of polyisoprene in a range from 3% to 20% (m / m) relative to the mass of the plant extract available in step a). [000677] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) naturally comprises a mass content of polyisoprene in a range from 5% to 10% (m / m) relative to the mass of the plant extract available in step a). [000678] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) is obtained from one of the plants chosen from the group comprising: Vitellaria paradoxa, Palaquium gutta, Hevea brasiliensis, Hevea benthamania, Hevea guianensis, Parthenium argentatum, Kz dandelion, Eucommia ulmoides, Ficus carica, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Argania spinosa and / or Euphorbia macroclada. [000679] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) is characterized in that the plant extract is obtained from Vitellaria paradoxa. [000680] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) is a shea butter (INCI code: BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII BUTTER). [000681] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) is a fraction of shea butter. [000682] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) is the precipitate resulting from a process for fractionating shea butter. [000683] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) is the precipitate resulting from a process for fractionating shea butter obtained by fractionating raw, semi-refined and / or refined shea butter. [000684] In one embodiment, the fractionation of the shea butter is carried out by treatment with acetone, at the reflux temperature of the acetone and then cooled to room temperature to remove the stearin and olein fractions and obtain the precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process. [000685] Said precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process is then subjected to a filtration and drying step to obtain the dry precipitate. [000686] In one embodiment, the fractionation of shea butter is characterized in that the acetone treatment step is carried out for less than two hours. [000687] In one embodiment, the fractionation of shea butter is characterized in that the acetone treatment step is carried out for less than one hour. [000688] In one embodiment, the fractionation of shea butter is characterized in that the acetone treatment step is carried out for approximately thirty minutes. [000689] In one embodiment, the precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process is obtained with a production yield of at least 1% by weight of dry precipitate relative to the dry weight of shea butter from which the fractionation process is carried out. [000690] In one embodiment, the production yield of precipitate from the shea butter fractionation process is at least 3% by weight of dry precipitate relative to the dry weight of shea butter from which the process is carried out. [000691] In one embodiment, the drying step to obtain the precipitate resulting from a process for fractionating dry shea butter is carried out under vacuum. [000692] The advantage of using a precipitate resulting from the fractionation process of significantly softened shea butter is that it allows a moderate viscosity to be maintained and the reaction medium to be vigorously stirred. [000693] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out at a temperature of at least 90°C. [000694] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out at a temperature of at least 100°C. [000695] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out at a temperature of at least 120°C. [000696] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out at a temperature in a range from 90°C to 150°C. [000697] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out at a temperature in a range from 100°C to 140°C. [000698] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out at a temperature in a range from 110°C to 130°C. [000699] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out for a duration of between 10 minutes and 3 hours. [000700] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out for a duration of between 30 minutes and 1.5 hours. [000701] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out for approximately 1 hour. [000702] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out with at least one Lewis acid and / or one Bronsted acid. [000703] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out with at least one Bronsted acid chosen from the group comprising: a mineral acid and / or an organic acid. [000704] In one embodiment, the mineral acid is chosen from the group comprising: sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and / or perchloric acid. [000705] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out with sulfuric acid. [000706] In one embodiment, the organic acid is selected from the group comprising the following acids: formic, acetic, lactic, citric, para-toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic and / or chloroacetic. [000707] In one embodiment, the Lewis acid is selected from the group comprising the following acids: titanium tetrachloride, tin dichloride, aluminum chloride and / or boron trifluoride. [000708] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out with an acid at a molarity in a range from 0.01 M to 3.0 M. [000709] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out with an acid at a molarity in a range from 0.05 M to 2.0 M. [000710] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out with an acid at a molarity within a range of 0.1 M and 1.0 M. [000711] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that step b) of acid treatment is carried out with 0.1 M sulfuric acid. [000712] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a step ai), after step a), in which a step of saponification of said precipitate in a concentrated sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide solution is carried out. [000713] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “concentrated sodium hydroxide solution” or “concentrated potassium hydroxide solution” means a sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution concentrated to at least 1% (w / w) by weight of soda or potash relative to the total weight of the soda or potash solution. [000714] In one embodiment, the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution used in step ai)) is concentrated to 5% (w / w) by dry weight of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide relative to the total weight of the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution. [000715] In one embodiment, the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution used in step ai)) is concentrated to 10% (w / v) by dry weight of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide relative to the total weight of the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution. [000716] In one embodiment, the saponification step a1) is carried out in the absence of ethanol. [000717] The absence of a treatment step with a solvent from the family of linear, branched and / or cyclic alkanes, and / or from the family of aromatic compounds has the advantage of ensuring the naturalness of the product obtained, also makes it possible to work in non-ATEX conditions and to increase the yield of unsaponifiable matter. [000718] The absence of the use of alcohol as a solvent in the saponification step ai) makes it possible to work at a higher temperature, thus improving vigorous stirring because the viscosity remains moderate whereas it would tend to increase as the triglycerides are transformed into soaps at low temperature. [000719] In the presence of ethanol, the yield of unsaponifiable fraction according to the invention is significantly altered, the alcohol carrying away a significant part of the unsaponifiable fraction according to the invention during washing with water.The absence of ethanol therefore also makes it possible to increase the yield in unsaponifiable content. [000720] In one embodiment, step ai) further comprises heating to a temperature greater than or equal to 60°C with stirring until the plant extract available in step a) has completely melted. [000721] In one embodiment, step ai) further comprises heating to a temperature greater than or equal to 60°C with stirring until the plant extract available in step a) has completely melted. [000722] In one embodiment, step ai) further comprises heating to a temperature greater than or equal to 60°C with stirring until the precipitate resulting from the process of fractionating the shea butter previously dried under vacuum has completely melted. [000723] In one embodiment, step ai) further comprises heating to a temperature greater than or equal to 80°C with stirring until significant softening of the plant extract available in step a) previously dried under vacuum. [000724] In one embodiment, step ai) further comprises heating to a temperature greater than or equal to 80°C with stirring until softening occurs. significant of the precipitate resulting from the fractionation process of shea butter previously dried under vacuum. [000725] In one embodiment, step ai) is carried out at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C. [000726] In one embodiment, step ai) is carried out at a temperature above a temperature of approximately 120°C. [000727] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a step a?), after step a), or when the process comprises a step ai) as previously defined, after step ai) in which a dilution in hot water and a hot decantation are carried out. [000728] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a step a?), after step a1) as previously defined, in which a dilution in hot water and a hot decantation are carried out. [000729] In one embodiment, step a?), is carried out at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C. [000730] In one embodiment, step a?) is carried out at a temperature above about 120°C. [000731] In one embodiment, step a?), is carried out at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C. [000732] In one embodiment, step a?) is carried out at a temperature above a temperature of approximately 120°C. [000733] ​​The applicant, in a particularly surprising and unexpected manner, has succeeded in significantly lowering the relative content of triterpene alcohols and sterols and / or methyl sterols of the plant extract according to the invention by carrying out step ai) hot. [000734] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a step aa), after step a), or when the process comprises a step ai) as previously defined, after step ai), or when the process comprises a step a?) as previously defined, after step a?) in which the soap phase is eliminated to obtain a light phase. [000735] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a step a), after step a?) as previously defined, in which the soapy phase is eliminated to obtain a light phase. [000736] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a step c), after step b), in which the acid-treated light phase obtained in step b) is washed with demineralized water and / or with a saline solution, [000737] In one embodiment, step c) is carried out at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C. [000738] In one embodiment, step c) is carried out at a temperature above a temperature of approximately 120°C. [000739] In one embodiment, step c) is repeated at least twice. [000740] In one embodiment, step c) is repeated at least four times. [000741] Repeating the washing steps allows the neutralization of the solution, making it more easily formulable, particularly in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical compositions. [000742] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a step d), after step c) as previously defined, in which [000743] Step d) of drying can be carried out by any means conventionally known to those skilled in the art. [000744] In one embodiment, step d) is carried out under vacuum. [000745] In one embodiment, step d) is carried out at a temperature above 100°C. [000746] In one embodiment, at least one of steps ai), as) and / or c) is carried out hot. [000747] In one embodiment, all of steps ai), as) and c) are carried out hot. [000748] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “hot” process step means any step carried out at a temperature above 90°C. [000749] Carrying out the process steps at high temperature makes it possible to lower the viscosity of the reaction medium, to carry out the saponification of the fatty acids and glycerides almost completely and in a relatively short time compared to a reaction which would be carried out at less than 90°C. Similarly, a high temperature prevents the crystallization of the extract according to the invention, which would have the consequence, in addition to an alteration of the yield, of the blockage of the installation, up to the impossibility of emptying the reactor in order to recover the extract according to the invention. [000750] In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of grinding the plant extract obtained. [000751] The advantage of a grinding step is to make the extract more easily formulable, particularly in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical compositions. [000752] In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of hydrogenation of the plant extract according to the invention. [000753] In one embodiment of the process according to the invention, the hydrogenation of the plant extract according to the invention is carried out in an organic solvent in the presence of at least one homogeneous or heterogeneous metal catalyst, comprising at least one hydrogenating metal included in the group of nickel, copper, cobalt, platinum, ruthenium, rhenium and / or palladium. [000754] In one embodiment, the hydrogenation reaction is carried out under a hydrogen pressure greater than 1 bar. [000755] In one embodiment of the process according to the invention, the hydrogenation reaction is at a temperature above 60°C. [000756] In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of re-solubilization in a solvent of the plant extract according to the invention and of cold recrystallization. [000757] In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of bleaching the plant extract according to the invention. [000758] In one embodiment, the bleaching is carried out with hydrogen peroxide. [000759] In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of treating the plant extract according to the invention with ethanol. [000760] In one embodiment, the method does not include a treatment step with ethanol, nor with a solvent from the family of linear, branched and / or cyclic alkanes, and / or from the family of aromatic compounds. [000761] In one embodiment, the method does not comprise a step of treatment with a solvent from the family of linear, branched and / or cyclic alkanes. [000762] In one embodiment, the method does not include a treatment step using a solvent from the family of aromatic compounds. [000763] In one embodiment, the process for obtaining a plant extract according to the invention, said plant extract being a shea butter extract, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) a precipitate is provided from a shea butter fractionation process, ai) a step of saponification of said precipitate in a concentrated sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide solution is carried out, a?) a dilution in hot water and a hot decantation are carried out, as) the soapy phase is removed to obtain a light phase, b) the light phase obtained in step d is treated with sulfuric acid, c) washing the acid-treated light phase obtained in step b) with demineralized water and / or with a saline solution, d) drying said washed light phase obtained in step c). [000764] Figure 1 is the carbon 13 NMR spectrum ( 13 C) of the extract according to example 1.2. (according to the invention). [000765] Figure 2 is the FT-IR spectrum of the extract according to example 1.2. (according to the invention). [000766] Figure 3 corresponds to the photographs taken on the different dispersions obtained in Example 3.1. The first row of photographs (top row) corresponds to the dispersions in the presence of MYRITOL® 318 and TiO2, with from left to right dispersion A (without extract), dispersion B (with extract according to Example 1.3.) and dispersion C (with extract according to Example 1.2 according to the invention). The second row of photographs (top row) corresponds to the dispersions in the presence of MYRITOL® 318 and FeO, with from left to right dispersion D (without extract), dispersion E (with extract according to Example 1.3.) and dispersion F (with extract according to Example 1.2 according to the invention). [000767] Figure 4 is a dispersion graph of the sizes of the red iron oxide particles in MYRITOL® 318 as presented in Example 3.1 (A2334), in the absence of plant extract according to the invention. [000768] Figure 5 is a dispersion graph of the sizes of the red iron oxide particles in MYRITOL® 318 as presented in Example 3.1 (A2334), in the presence of plant extract according to Example 1.2 (according to the invention). [000769] Figure 6 is an image obtained by electron microscopy of the red iron oxide particles in MYRITOL® 318 for the mixture A2334 (not comprising the extract according to the invention) as presented in example 3.1. [000770] Figure 7 is an image obtained by electron microscopy of the red iron oxide particles in MYRITOL® 318 for the mixture A2335 (comprising the extract according to the invention) as presented in example 3.1. [000771] Figure 8 is the carbon 13 NMR spectrum ( 13 C) of the extract according to example 2.6. (according to the invention). [000772] The following examples are given to illustrate the invention. These examples being presented for illustration purposes only, the invention can in no way be limited to their subject matter. [000773] In the examples, all percentages are given by weight unless otherwise indicated, temperature is expressed in degrees Celsius unless otherwise indicated, and pressure is atmospheric pressure unless otherwise indicated. [000774] Examples [000775] Examples 1: Protocols for preparing the plant extract according to the invention. [000776] Example 1.1: Fractionation of shea butter [000777] A quantity of 1 kg of raw shea butter (Origin: Ghana) is mixed with 5 liters of acetone in a stirred reactor equipped with a condenser. The mixture is refluxed for 30 minutes until the shea butter is completely dissolved. The mixture is then cooled to 25°C for one hour and then filtered and vacuum-dried. After removal of the liquid phase comprising olein and stearin, a brown to light brown precipitate A is recovered with a yield of 3.2%, or 32 g of material. [000778] Example 1.2: Process for obtaining a plant extract of shea butter according to the invention. [000779] Precipitate A from the shea butter fractionation process according to Example 1.1 is heated to 80°C with stirring until complete melting. 160 g of 10% sodium hydroxide solution is added. The mixture is refluxed with stirring at a temperature of 120°C for 30 minutes. 100 g of water is added to the mixture with constant stirring, and the temperature is maintained at 120°C for 2 hours. Stirring is stopped and the mixture is left to settle for 2 hours at 120°C. The heavy soap phase is then separated and discarded. [000780] The light phase is then treated by adding 500 g of 0.1 M sulfuric acid solution, at 120°C for one hour. [000781] The light phase is washed with 100 g of demineralized water at 120°C for 30 minutes. After decantation, the heavy aqueous phase is separated and discarded. The washing operation with demineralized water is repeated 4 times until a neutral pH is obtained. The light phase is then dried under vacuum at 500 mbar and with stirring at 140°C for 3 hours. A shea butter extract according to the invention is obtained which is in solid form of light beige color. [000782] The shea butter extract according to the invention is finally finely ground and dried under vacuum (40 mbar) in an oven at 60°C for 48 hours. The final yield of the shea butter extract according to the invention compared to the precipitate resulting from the shea butter fractionation process is 39%. [000783] Example 1.3: Process for obtaining a plant extract of shea butter not in accordance with the invention. [000784] Precipitate A from the shea butter fractionation process according to Example 1.1 is heated to 80°C with stirring until complete melting. A quantity of 160 g of 10% sodium hydroxide solution is added. The mixture is refluxed with stirring at a temperature of 120°C for 30 minutes. A quantity of 100 g of water is added to the mixture with constant stirring, and the temperature is maintained at 120°C for 2 hours. Stirring is stopped and the mixture is left to settle for 2 hours at 120°C. The heavy soap phase is then separated and discarded. [000785] No acid treatment step is carried out. [000786] The light phase is washed with 100 g of demineralized water at 120°C for 30 minutes. After decantation, the heavy aqueous phase is separated and discarded. The washing operation with demineralized water is repeated 5 times until a pH of 6.5 is obtained. The light phase is then dried under vacuum at 500 mbar and with stirring at 140°C for 3 hours. A shea butter extract is obtained which is in solid form of light beige color. [000787] The shea butter extract is finally finely ground and dried under vacuum (40 mbar) in an oven at 60°C for 48 hours. The final yield of shea butter extract compared to the precipitate from the shea butter fractionation process is 43% or 13.7 g of material. [000788] Examples 2: Physicochemical properties, [000789] Example 2.1: Physical-chemical properties of the plant extract according to the invention. [000790] The determination of the saponification index is carried out using the standardized method NF ISO 3657. [000791] The determination of the acid index is carried out using the standardized method NF EN ISO 660. [000792] The determination of the iodine index is carried out using the standardized method NF NF ISO 3961. [000793] The determination of the unsaponifiable content is carried out using the standardized method NF EN ISO 18609. [000794] The determination of the relative content of triterpene alcohols and sterols and / or methyl sterols is carried out by gas chromatography as follows. [000795] A quantity of 2 g of extract to be tested and 25 ml of 0.5N alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution are introduced into a flask. [000796] The mixture is refluxed in the flask equipped with a condenser for one hour. The mixture is cooled and transferred to a separating funnel. [000797] The flask is washed first with 10 mL of ethyl alcohol, then 10 mL of demineralized water. [000798] A quantity of 50 ml of water is added to the separating funnel, then 50 ml of dichloroethane. [000799] The ampoule is closed and shaken vigorously for at least one minute and then left to settle until 2 clear phases form. [000800] The lower phase containing the soap solution is transferred to another separating funnel. The extraction is repeated three times using 50 ml of dichloroethane for each extraction. [000801] All organic phases are collected in a separating funnel [000802] The organic phase is washed three times with 25 ml portions of a water-alcohol solution (50 / 50 by volume) by stirring vigorously and removing the hydroalcoholic phase after each wash. [000803] The organic phase is washed successively with 20 ml portions of water until the wash water no longer becomes pink upon the addition of a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution. [000804] the organic phase is treated with a rotary evaporator in order to remove the dichloroethane under vacuum until a dry extract is obtained. [000805] In order to eliminate the last traces of dichloroethane, the flask is placed in a vacuum oven (50 mbar) at 80-90°C for approximately 1 hour, then cooled and weighed. [000806] Evacuation, cooling and weighing are repeated until a constant weight is obtained. This produces a solid unsaponifiable fraction of the extract. [000807] A silylation step is then carried out on this fraction as follows: - In a vial tube, dissolve in 2 ml of pyridine 50 mg of said fraction and 10 mg of cholesterol chosen as internal standard - Add successively 0.5 mL of hexamethyldisilazane and 0.5 mL of trimethylsilyl chloride - Filter the solution through a syringe equipped with a filter (0.2 µm) - 1 pL of solution is then analyzed by gas chromatography under the conditions described below: [000808] The precise determination of the residual triterpene alcohol content of the extract was carried out by gas chromatography (GC). The instrument used (GC 3800 VARIAN) is equipped with an FID detector. The column used is a BP-5 30mx0.26 mm type with a film thickness of 0.25pm. The column is placed in an oven subjected to an initial temperature of 60°C for 1 minute. The temperature is increased to 180°C (30°C / min) and then maintained for 5 minutes. Finally, the temperature is increased to 285°C (3°C / min) and maintained for 30 minutes. The The carrier gas is hydrogen at a constant pressure of 30 psi (206,843 Pa). Sample injection is performed at 250°C with a split of 1 to 20. Detection is performed by an FID detector at 290°C. [000809] The determination of the softening temperature, the decomposition temperature and the melting temperature is carried out by DSC according to the method as follows. [000810] A quantity of 50 mg of the extract to be tested is placed in a platinum crucible. An SDT Q600 V8.3 Build 101 calorimeter equipped with a standard DSC model is used for thermal analysis. The analysis is carried out in the presence of air with a flow rate set at 100 ml / min. The crucible is then gradually heated according to a temperature ramp of 10°C / min, the temperature range of the analysis being between 25 and 800°C. [000811] The soap content is determined according to the following protocol: [000812] In a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 50 ml of a 3% acetone solution in water and 3 to 6 drops of bromophenol blue are introduced. [000813] Then add 2 to 3 drops of a 0.01 M sodium hydroxide solution until the color turns blue. [000814] Shake then bring back to a light green color with a 0.01 M hydrochloric acid solution. [000815] Add a precise mass (m) of extract then shake vigorously and let it settle. In the presence of soaps, the upper layer turns blue. [000816] Titrate with 0.01 M hydrochloric acid until the indicator in the upper layer turns yellow. Note the precise volume of acid added (V). The blue or green color should not reappear after 10 minutes and after vigorous stirring and decantation. [000817] The soap content is given by the following formula: M x N xVx lOOO Soap content = - m [000818] Content expressed in mg of soaps / g of extract [000819] M: molar mass of sodium oleate, i.e. 304 g / mol [000820] N: molarity of the HCI solution, i.e. 0.01 [000821] V: volume of HCI in ml [000822] m: the mass in g of extract according to the invention [000823] The percentage of soaps is determined by the following formula: % soap = 0.1 x Soap content [000824] The determination of the mass average molecular masses and the relative contents of the polyisoprenes is carried out by multi-detection size exclusion chromatography (MD-SEC) analysis. [000825] Mass average molecular weight (Mw) measurements were performed using a SEC Viscotek TDA (Malvern Panalytical), including a differential refractive index detector, a viscometer, a light scattering detector and a UV detector. Stabilized THF was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL / min at 35 °C. [000826] All samples were injected at a concentration of approximately 3 mg / mL (THF solvent) after filtration through a 0.45 µm PTFE membrane (injected volume: 100 pL). Separation was performed on three Agilent mixed C columns (SDVB, 5 µm, 300 x 7.5 mm) and a guard column. Mn and B were determined using a conventional calibration curve based on certified PS standards (Polymer Standards Service) from 470 to 270,000 g / mol. Omnisec software was used for data acquisition and analysis. [000827] The plant extract according to example 1.2. is mainly made up of 2 families of polymers with different mass average molecular masses (Mw) and which together represent approximately 88% of the extract. [000828] The dispersity D of the average molecular masses is between 1.4 and 1.6. [000829] In order to determine the conformation of the polyisoprenes of the extract according to example 1.2, an analysis by carbon 13 NMR was carried out in deuterated chloroform (CDCI3) on a Bruker Avance 400 spectrometer ( 13 C: 100.61 MHz). Carbon 13 NMR spectra are recorded with a 10 mm SEX probe 13 C selective. The spectra obtained are presented in Figure 1. [000830] The relative contents of the cis-1,4 and trans 1,4 forms are 49.9 and 50.1% respectively. [000831] The results of the different tests are presented in Table 1. Table 1 [000832] Example 2.1.1: Physicochemical properties of the plant extract according to the invention. [000833] The determination of the number-average molecular mass (Mn) and the dispersity (B) was carried out according to the conditions described in example 2.1 for the plant extract of shea butter according to example 1.2 (according to the invention). [000834] The results of the various tests are presented in table Ibis Ibis Table [000835] Example 2.2: Solubility of the extract according to the invention [000836] The solubility of the extract according to Example 1.2 in ethanol, acetone and chloroform is determined according to the following procedure: [000837] In an Erlenmeyer flask weigh precisely 100 mg of extract from example 1.2. [000838] Add precisely 10 ml of solvent (solvents tested: ethanol, acetone and chloroform). [000839] Using a magnetic stirrer, stir vigorously for 30 minutes. [000840] Vacuum filter the solution through a Büchner filter. [000841] Evaporate the filtrate under vacuum using a rotary evaporator (vacuum: 20 mbar, temperature: 70°C) after having previously tared the receiving flask. [000842] After visually observing the evaporation of the solvent, keep the test flask under vacuum and at temperature for 1 hour. [000843] Precisely weigh the recipe flask (previously tared) in order to determine the mass of extract solubilized in the solvent. [000844] The results are presented in Table 2. Table 2 [000845] It can be seen from the results in Table 2 that the extract according to Example 1.2 is slightly soluble in ethanol and acetone and partially soluble in chloroform. Example 2.3: UV absorbance of the extract according to the invention. [000846] The UV analysis of the extract according to example 1.2. is carried out on a device Uviline 9400 from the Secoman brand. The adjustment conditions are as follows: [000847] Wavelength scale: 190 - 400 nm. [000848] Scan speed: slow. [000849] Sampling interval: 0.2 s. [000850] Scan mode: automatic. [000851] Optical path: 1.0 cm. [000852] Slit width: 2.0 nm. [000853] Measurement mode: absorbance. [000854] Sample analyzed: 10 mg of extract from example 1.2 dissolved in 10 ml of chloroform. [000855] The results are presented in Table 3. Table 3 [000856] Example 2.4: Infrared absorbance (FT-IRJ) of the extract according to the invention [000857] The infrared spectrum of the extract in example 1.2 is carried out on a Thermo NICOLET IS10 FT-IR device from Thermoscientific and equipped with a LiTA 03 detector (15700-370 cm-1). The measurement conditions are as follows: Acquisition: 10 scans, Resolution: 2 cm-1, Velocity: 0.2 cm.s-1. [000858] The analysis is carried out in the solid state directly on the extract of example 1.2 and without prior preparation. [000859] A spectrum is obtained, presented in Figure 2, which has main bands at the following wavelengths: [000860] 3 important bands in the range 876 to 895 cm-1 [000861] 2 important bands in the interval 1376 to 1446 cm-1 [000862] 3 important bands in the interval 2850 and 2961 cm-1 [000863] We also note 4 bands in the interval 1639 to 1742 cm-1. [000864] This spectrum is very close to that of synthetic 1,4 polyisoprene (Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of End-Functionalized trans -Stereoregular Polydiene Macromonomers. S Georges & coll, January 2019, Macromolecules, 52 (3)). [000865] Example 2.5: Identification and relative quantification of residual esters [000866] The identification and quantification of the residual esters of the extracts obtained according to example 1.2 or 1.3 is carried out by 1) extraction of the esters with diethyl ether followed by 2) analysis of the latter by gas chromatography. [000867] A quantity of 2g of extract obtained according to example 1.2 or 1.3 is finely ground then introduced into a 50 mL flask to which 20 mL of ether are then added. diethyl ether. The mixture is stirred for 20 minutes at room temperature. The mixture is then filtered through a Büchner filter. [000868] The diethyl ether phase is then evaporated under vacuum using a rotary evaporator until a dry extract is obtained. The latter is then silylated. To do this, the dry extract is silylated in 1 mL of pyridine and 0.5 mL of hexamethyldisilazane. The mixture is then vigorously stirred. Finally, 0.5 mL of chlorotrimethylsilane is added. After a few minutes, the formation of a white precipitate is observed, which is removed by filtration. The liquid phase is then analyzed by gas chromatography under the following conditions: [000869] Column: BP5 phase (internal diameter 0.32 mm x length 30 m x film thickness 0.25 pm). [000870] Column temperature program: 60°C for 1 minute, then increase the temperature with a ramp of 10°C / min until reaching 350°C. Finally, the temperature is maintained at 350°C for 10 minutes. Injector temperature: 250°C, FID detector temperature: 350°C, Injected volume: 1 pL. [000871] The results are presented in Table 4 Table 4 [000872] The residual esters of the extracts according to example 1.2 and 1.3 consist exclusively of monoglycerides [000873] Example 2.6: Characterization of the isomers of the polvisoprenes of the extract according to the invention. [000874] A precipitate resulting from the industrial fractionation process of shea butter with acetone having the following physicochemical characteristics is provided: - Saponification index: 101.0 mg KOH / g - Acid number: 14.5 mg KOH / g - Unsaponifiable content: 51.5% [000875] The shea butter extract according to the invention is prepared from said precipitate according to the process described in Example 1.2. The extract obtained has the following main physicochemical characteristics: - Saponification index: 20.1 mg KOH / g - Acid number: 18.5 mg KOH / g - Unsaponifiable content (polyisoprenes): 91.2% - Melting temperature: 54.1°C [000876] An analysis of the extract by NMR 13 It was carried out according to the following protocol: - Equipment: Bruker Avance III 500 MHz NMR with a cryoprobe (analysis 13 C) at a temperature of 25°C. - Solvent: deuterated chloroform CDCH [000877] The spectrum obtained is presented in Figure 8. [000878] The NMR spectrum 13C of the shea butter extract according to the invention indicates that the latter is exclusively composed of 1,4 polyisoprenes and does not contain the 1,2 and 3,4 polyisoprene forms characteristic of synthetic polyisoprenes as described in the literature (J. Geng, Y. Sun, J. Hua, Polym. Sci. Ser. B 2016, 58, 495-502 and G. Ricci, G. Leone, A. Boglia, AC Boccia, L. Zetta, Macromolecules 2009, 42, 9263-9267). [000879] Finally, the 1,4 polysoprenes of the extract have cis and trans polyisoprene configurations whose relative average contents are respectively 44% and 56%. [000880] Example 3: Effects of the plant extract according to the invention. [000881] Example 3.1: Effect of the plant extract according to the invention on the dispersion of pigments. [000882] The compositions to be tested (dispersions A, B, C, D, E, or F) are prepared by mixing all the ingredients one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size in the proportions indicated in tables 5 and 6. The mixtures obtained are heated to 85°C with planetary stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, it is left to cool with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. Table 5 Table 6 [000883] The photographs of the dispersions obtained are presented in figure 3. [000884] The dispersions obtained with the plant extract according to example 1.2. (dispersions C and F) and with the plant extract according to example 1.3. (dispersions B and E) are the most fluid and the most homogeneous compared to the dispersions obtained without the plant extract according to example 1.2. or according to example 1.3 (dispersions A and D). The improvement in fluidity, homogeneity and color is much greater with the plant extract according to example 1.2. [000885] In order to be able to quantify these results, viscosity measurements of the dispersions were carried out using a viscometer of the VISCOMETER MDJ-1 brand. The results are presented in table 7. Table 7 [000886] The viscosity measurements of compositions B, CE and F indicate that the pigment dispersions prepared with the plant extract according to example 1.2 (according to the invention) are significantly more fluid than the pigment dispersions prepared with the plant extract according to example 1.3, whether for titanium dioxide or red iron oxide. This macroscopic observation indicates that at the microscopic level, the dispersing power of the plant extract according to example 1.2 (according to the invention) is much greater than that of the plant extract according to example 1.3. [000887] In order to be able to observe microscopically the improvement of the dispersion of pigments by the extract according to example 1.2, the following preparations were observed by electron microscopy according to the following protocol: [000888] The ingredients as shown in Table 8 are mixed one by one all the ingredients in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture up to 85°C under planetary stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed between 700 and 1200 rpm, down to room temperature. Table 8 [000889] The particle size distribution graphs of red iron oxide in MYRITOL® 318 are shown in Figure 4 for the mixture A2334 (not including the extract according to the invention) and in Figure 5 for the mixture A2335 (including the extract according to the invention). The analysis shows that, for Figure 4, 89% of the particles have a size of 0.075pm, and for Figure 5, 64% of the particles have a size of 0.075pm [000890] The images obtained by electron microscopy are presented in figure 6 for the mixture A2334 (not comprising the extract according to the invention) and in figure 7 for the mixture A2335 (comprising the extract according to the invention). [000891] Electron microscopy measurements indicate a 39% improvement in particle size distribution. [000892] These results confirm that the addition of the extract according to example 1.2 (according to the invention) improves the dispersion of the red iron oxide particles in MYRITOL® 318. [000893] Example 3.2, Effect of the plant extract according to the invention on the SPF of sunscreen compositions, [000894] The demonstration of the SPF booster effect of the plant extract according to example 1.2 (according to the invention) was carried out with titanium dioxide in the formulations presented in table 9, and prepared according to the following protocol: [000895] Mix all the ingredients one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C with planetary stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. Table 9 [000896] In order to quantify these results, viscosity measurements of the formulations were carried out using a VISCOMETER MDJ-1 viscometer. [000897] The viscosities of the formulations comprising titanium dioxide and CETIOL® AB (C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE) alone or in the presence of the plant extract according to example 1.2 (according to the invention) are presented in table 10. Table 10 [000898] The determinations of the sun protection index “SPF”, UVA protection, critical wavelength “LOC” and water resistance “WR” were carried out according to the ISO 24443:2021 standard. The results are presented in Table 11. Table 11 [000899] The results obtained indicate that the addition of 10% of the plant extract according to Example 1.2 (according to the invention) in a dispersion of 20% of TiO2 in C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE allows an increase of 89% of the average SPF, an increase of 56% of the average UVA and an increase of more than 100% of the water resistance. These results indicate that the plant extract according to Example 1.2 (according to the invention), thanks to its high capacity to disperse TiO2, is a booster of SPF, UVA filter and water resistance, properties highly sought after in the development of sunscreen products. [000900] Example 3.3. Substitution of beeswax by the extract of the plant extract according to the invention [000901] The following composition is prepared in order to demonstrate the effect of the extract according to the invention on the capacity to substitute beeswax, according to the following protocol: [000902] Mix all the ingredients one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size in the proportions indicated in Table 12. Heat this mixture to 85°C under planetary stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. Table 12 [000903] The composition has a plasticity and a melting point close to that of a different only by the replacement of the plant extract according to example 1.2. by beeswax. [000904] Example 4: Compositions according to the invention, [000905] Example 4.1: Composition according to the invention in the form of a water / oil emulsion. [000906] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a water / oil emulsion made up of the following three phases, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 13 [000907] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing the ingredients of phase A in a glass beaker of suitable size and heating this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. Meanwhile, in a glass beaker of suitable size, mix the ingredients of phase B and heat this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. When both phases A and B have reached the temperature of 85°C, slowly pour phase B into phase A, under rotor / stator stirring, at a speed of 3000 rpm. Maintain stirring for 5 minutes and then cool using a cold water bath, under planetary stirring, at a speed stirring between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 30°C. Finally, add the ingredients of phase C at 30°C under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized. [000908] Example 4.2: Composition according to the invention in the form of a shampoo, [000909] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a shampoo made up of the following two phases, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 14 [000910] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing the ingredients of phase A in a glass beaker of suitable size and heating this mixture to 75°C under magnetic stirring. Homogenize. Maintain stirring for 5 minutes then cool using a cold water bath, under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the mixture reaches 30°C. Add the ingredients of phase B at 30°C under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized. [000911] Example 4.3: Composition according to the invention in the form of an oil / water emulsion. [000912] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion made up of the following four phases, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 15 [000913] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing the ingredients of phase A in a glass beaker of suitable size, and heating this mixture to a temperature of 85°C under magnetic stirring. Meanwhile, in a glass beaker of suitable size, mix the ingredients of phase B and heat this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. When both phases A and B have reached a temperature of 85°C, slowly pour phase A into phase B, under rotor / stator stirring, at a speed of 3000 rpm. Maintain stirring for 5 minutes and then cool using a cold water bath, under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 45°C. Then add the ingredients of phase C at 45°C with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized.Then add the ingredients of phase D at 30°C with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized. [000914] Example 4.4: Composition according to the invention in the form of a sun cream. [000915] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a sun cream made up of the following three phases, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 16 [000916] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing the ingredients of phase A in a glass beaker of suitable size, and heating this mixture to a temperature of 85°C under magnetic stirring. Meanwhile, in a glass beaker of suitable size, mix the ingredients of phase B and heat this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. When both phases A and B have reached a temperature of 85°C, slowly pour phase A into phase B, under rotor / stator stirring, at a speed of 3000 rpm. Maintain stirring for 5 minutes and then cool using a cold water bath, under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 30°C. Then add the ingredients of phase C at 30°C with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized. [000917] Example 4.5: Composition according to the invention in the form of a clay mask, [000918] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a clay mask made up of the following four phases, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 17 [000919] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing the ingredients of phase A in a glass beaker of suitable size, and heating this mixture to a temperature of 85°C under magnetic stirring. Meanwhile, in a glass beaker of suitable size, mix the ingredients of phase B and heat this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. When both phases A and B have reached a temperature of 85°C, slowly pour phase A into phase B, under rotor / stator stirring, at a speed of 3000 rpm. Maintain stirring for 5 minutes and then cool using a cold water bath, under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 45°C. Then add the ingredients of phase C at 45°C with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized.Then add the ingredients of phase D at 30°C with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized. [000920] Example 4.6: Composition according to the invention in the form of a moisturizing balm, [000921] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a moisturizing balm made from the following phase, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 18 [000922] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing all the ingredients of phase A one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. [000923] Example 4.7: Composition according to the invention in the form of an E / O foundation, [000924] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of an E / O foundation made up of the following three phases, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 19 [000925] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing the ingredients of phase A in a glass beaker of suitable size, and heating this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. Meanwhile, in a glass beaker of suitable size, mix the ingredients of phase B and heat this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. When both phases A and B have reached the temperature of 85°C, slowly pour phase B into phase A, under rotor / stator stirring, at a speed of 3000 rpm. Maintain stirring for 5 minutes and then cool using a cold water bath, under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 30°C. Finally, add the ingredients of phase C at 30°C with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm until completely homogenized. [000926] Example 4.8: Composition according to the invention in the form of a hair wax. [000927] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a hair wax made from the following phase, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 20 [000928] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing all the ingredients of phase A one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C with magnetic stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 70°C. At 70°C, add A to B then pour into a suitable mold. [000929] Example 4.9: Composition according to the invention in the form of a surf wax. [000930] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a surf wax made from the following phase, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 21 [000931] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing all the ingredients of phase A one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C with magnetic stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. [000932] Example 4.10: Composition according to the invention in the form of a lip balm. [000933] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a lip balm made from the following phase, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 22 [000934] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing all the ingredients of phase A one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C with magnetic stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. [000935] Example 4.11: Composition according to the invention in the form of a pigment paste, [000936] A composition according to the invention in the form of a pigment paste made from the following phase, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 23 [000937] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing all the ingredients of phase A one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C under magnetic stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool under planetary stirring, at a stirring speed between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. [000938] The pigment paste according to example 4.15 is in the form of a smooth, fluid and shiny paste, bright red. After 48 hours, the paste is stable, the pigments remain in suspension. [000939] Example 4.12: Comparative example in the form of a pigment paste not comprising a plant extract according to the invention, [000940] A comparative composition in the form of a pigment paste made from the following phase has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 24 [000941] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing all the ingredients of phase A one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C with magnetic stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature. [000942] The pigment paste according to example 4.16 is presented in the form of a fluid, granular, and non-homogeneous paste, of a brick red color. After 48 hours, the paste separates and the pigments precipitate. [000943] Example 4.13: Composition according to the invention in the form of a stick foundation. [000944] A cosmetic composition according to the invention in the form of a stick foundation made from the following phase, has a weight composition as indicated below. Table 25 [000945] The preparation process essentially consists of mixing all the ingredients of phase A one by one in a glass beaker of suitable size. Heat this mixture to 85°C with magnetic stirring. When the mixture has reached the temperature of 85°C, cool with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, to room temperature.

Claims

CLAIMS

1. . Plant extract comprising at least one polyisoprene A with a mass average molecular weight (Mw) in the range from 1 kDa to 15 kDa and at least one polyisoprene B with a mass average molecular weight (Mw) in the range from 80 kDa to 150 kDa.

2. . Plant extract according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene A is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

3. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mass content of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

4. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyisoprene A and / or B is a 1,4 polyisoprene.

5. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene A and / or B is a 1,4 polyisoprene of cis-1,4 and / or trans 1,4 form.

6. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

7. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

8. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

9. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

10. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A. He

11. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene A is within a range from 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene A.

12. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene A has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 1 kDa to 10 kDa.

13. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene A has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 3 kDa to 8 kDa.

14. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene A has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 4 kDa to 6 kDa.

15. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene B is a 1,4 polyisoprene.

16. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene B is a 1,4 polyisoprene of cis-1,4 and / or trans 1,4 form.

17. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B.

18. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B.

19. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of cis-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B.

20. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 10% to 90% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B.

21. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 40% to 60% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B.

22. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of trans-1,4 isomer of polyisoprene B is within a range from 45% to 55% relative to all the isomers of polyisoprene B.

23. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene B has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 50 kDa to 80 kDa.

24. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene B has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 60 kDa to 70 kDa.

25. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene B has a number-average molecular mass (Mn) in a range from 62 kDa to 67 kDa.

26. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 75% to 100% relative to all the polyisoprenes of the plant extract according to the invention.

27. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative content of polyisoprene A and B is within a range from 80% to 99% relative to all the polyisoprenes in the plant extract according to the invention.

28. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene A has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 3 kDa to 13 kDa.

29. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene A has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 7 kDa to 9 kDa.

30. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene B has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 90 kDa to 140 kDa.

31. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that polyisoprene B has a mass-average molecular mass (Mw) in a range from 105 kDa to 110 kDa.

32. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises monoglycerides.

33. . Plant extract according to claim 32, characterized in that the mass content of monoglycerides is within a range from 0.01% to 30% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

34. . Plant extract according to any one of claims 32 or 33, characterized in that the mass content of monoglycerides is within a range from 0.1% to 15% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

35. . Plant extract according to any one of claims 32 to 34, characterized in that the mass content of monoglycerides is within a range from 1% to 7% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

36. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extract further comprises sterols and / or methyl sterols.

37. . Plant extract according to claim 36, characterized in that the mass content of sterols and / or methyl sterols is within a range from 0.2% to 3% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract.

38. . Plant extract according to any one of claims 36 or 37, characterized in that the mass content of sterols and / or methyl sterols is within a range from 0.3% to 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract.

39. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises triterpene alcohols.

40. . Plant extract according to claim 39, characterized in that the mass content of triterpene alcohols is within a range from 0.01% to 10% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract.

41. . Plant extract according to any one of claims 39 or 40, characterized in that the mass content of triterpene alcohols is within a range from 0.3% to 2% (m / m) relative to the total mass of unsaponifiable matter of the plant extract.

42. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises soaps.

43. . Plant extract according to claim 42, characterized in that the mass content of soaps is within a range from 0% to 7% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

44. . Plant extract according to any one of claims 42 or 43, characterized in that the mass content of soaps is within a range from 0.01% to 5% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

45. . Plant extract according to any one of claims 42 to 44, characterized in that the mass content of soaps is within a range from 0.1% to 1% (m / m) relative to the total mass of the plant extract.

46. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its acid number is within a range from 0.01 mg KOH / g to 30 mg KOH / g in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of extract.

47. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its saponification index is within a range from 1 mg KOH / g to 30 mg KOH / g.

48. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its iodine index is within a range from 50 gh / 100g to 150 gh / 100g.

49. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its softening temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 10°C to 70°C.

50. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its melting temperature measured by DSC is within a range from 20°C to 100°C.

51. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is obtained from a plant naturally comprising at least one polyisoprene.

52. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is obtained from one of the plants chosen from the group comprising: Vitellaria paradoxa, Palaquium gutta, Hevea, Parthenium argentatum, Kz dandelion, Eucommia ulmoides, Ficus carica, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Argania spinosa and / or Euphorbia macroclada.

53. . Plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plant extract is obtained from Vitellaria paradoxa.

54. . Composition comprising a plant extract according to any one of the preceding claims.

55. . Composition according to claim 54, characterized in that the composition is a cosmetic or pharmaceutical, in particular dermatological.

56. . Use of the plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53 for modifying the rheology of a composition and / or as a gelling agent in a composition and / or as a thickener in a composition and / or for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion and / or for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition and / or for maintaining and / or increasing the water resistance of a composition.

57. . Use of the plant extract according to claim 56, for modifying the rheology of a composition.

58. . Use of the plant extract according to claim 56, as a gelling agent in a composition.

59. . Use of the plant extract according to claim 56, as a thickener in a composition.

60. . Use of the plant extract according to claim 56, for maintaining and / or increasing the stability of an emulsion.

61. . Use of the plant extract according to claim 56, for maintaining and / or increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition.

62. . Use of the plant extract according to claim 56, for maintaining and / or increasing the water resistance of a composition.

63. . Use of the plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53, as substitutes and / or equivalents for paraffins of fossil origin, dimethicones, lanolin and / or petrolatum, and / or natural waxes.

64. . Use of the plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53, for substituting beeswax in a composition.

65. . Use of the plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53, for dispersing the solid particles in a composition.

66. . Method for modifying the rheology of a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

67. . Method for gelling a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

68. . Method for thickening a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

69. . Method for stabilizing an emulsion, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

70. . Method for increasing the hydrophobic character of a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

71. . Method for dispersing solid particles in a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

72. . Process for substituting paraffins of fossil origin, dimethicones, lanolin and / or petrolatum, and / or natural waxes, in particular beeswax, carnauba wax and / or candelilla wax, in a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

73. . Method for substituting beeswax in a composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

74. . Process for preparing a cosmetic composition, characterized in that it comprises the addition to said composition of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

75. . Non-therapeutic cosmetic use of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53 as a cosmetic active ingredient.

76. . Cosmetic treatment method comprising the application to all or part of the healthy skin and / or healthy appendages, and / or healthy hair of the extract according to the invention.

77. . Plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53 for its therapeutic use.

78. . Method for the therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of burnt skin and / or mucous membranes and / or cracks and / or scabies and / or pityriasis alba and / or atopic dermatitis and / or ichthyosis, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

79. . Method for the therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of dry skin and / or mucous membrane conditions which accompany skin conditions and / or mucous membrane pathologies such as eczema, and / or for maintaining or improving the hydration state of the skin and / or mucous membranes of damaged, sensitive, sensitized, altered, intolerant, fragile and / or reactive skin and / or mucous membranes, and / or in the treatment of scaly conditions and / or itching linked to dry skin and / or mucous membranes, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

80. . Method for the therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of lice and / or parasites, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

81. . Method for therapeutic treatment and / or prevention of damage linked to UV radiation, characterized in that it comprises the application to the area to be treated of a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53.

82. . Process for obtaining a plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 53, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) a plant extract naturally comprising at least one polyisoprene is provided, b) the plant extract is treated with acid,

83. . Process for obtaining according to claim 82, characterized in that the plant extract available in step a) is the precipitate resulting from a process for fractionating shea butter.

84. . Process for obtaining according to claim 83, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) a precipitate is provided from a shea butter fractionation process, ai) a step of saponification of said precipitate in a concentrated sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide solution is carried out, a?) a dilution in hot water and a hot decantation are carried out, as) the soapy phase is removed to obtain a light phase, b) the light phase obtained in step d is treated with sulfuric acid, c) the acid-treated light phase obtained in step b) is washed with demineralized water and / or with a saline solution, d) said washed light phase obtained in step c is dried.

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