Energy system

Abstract

An energy system for generating electrical energy is provided The energy system eliminates the frequent shutdown issues associated with overheating, generates and delivers a consistent energy output, and further significantly increases the production of environmentally sustainable electricity. The energy system comprises multiple muon generators interconnected in a cascade coupling configuration, where each generator receives an input power, utilizing the output power from one generator as the input power for the subsequent generator. Notably, the system facilitates the sequential shutdown of the first generator shortly after activating the second generator, followed by the subsequent shutdown of the second generator upon the commencement of the third generator. This strategic cascade coupling mechanism effectively mitigates overheating issues, guaranteeing an uninterrupted energy supply to the output power lines.

Description

Title: Energy SystemTechnical Field

[0001] The present invention pertains to the field of energy systems. More specifically, the invention relates to an energy system designed for the generation of electrical energy utilizing cosmic rays and muons. This energy system incorporates a cascade coupling mechanism for a plurality of muon generators, effectively addressing the issue of shutdowns resulting from overheating. Moreover, the system aims to produce a greater quantity of environmentally friendly electricity while ensuring a constant energy supply to the output power lines.Background Art

[0002] Numerous technologies and methods have been developed to meet society's demand for electrical energy. Each of these approaches has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. For instance, solar power and wind power are renewable energy sources that are environmentally friendly. However, solar power generation is contingent upon sunlight availability, while wind power generation relies on favourable wind conditions. As a result, these technologies are limited in their application due to their dependence on specific weather conditions.

[0003] Conversely, the burning of fossil fuels can provide energy on-demand. However, the finite nature of fossil fuels poses a limitation. Moreover, the combustion of fossil fuels leads to the release of substantial amounts of carbon dioxide, chemical pollutants, and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These emissions contribute to ecological disturbances and habitat disruptions, raising significant environmental concerns. Additionally, greenhouse gases contribute to the trapping of heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming.

[0004] Cosmic rays are known to produce a substantial number of muons via the decay of cosmic rays as they pass through Earth's atmosphere. In the process, cosmic rays lose energy through collisions with atmospheric particles, generating elementary particles, including pions and subsequently muons. Typically, a sequence of collisions yields hundreds of muons per cosmic ray particle. Muons, which have a short lifetime of 2- 10-6s, usually decay into an electron, a p-neutrino, and an electron-neutrino.

[0005] Harnessing muons for electrical power generation presents a promising and reliable avenue. Thus, there is a pressing need for continued research and development into alternative methods for efficient and eco-friendly energy production.

[0006] Several Muonic Electromagnetic Generators have been developed to produce electricity from muon decay. Muons are abundantly present in the atmosphere day and night, independent of weather conditions. Leveraging muons for power generation allows for a continuous and reliable supply of electricity, including high-power applications.

[0007] Known prior art Muonic Electromagnetic Generators include references such as US publication no. US20160049839A1 , and PCT application numbers PCT / IB2012 / 002291 , PCT / BR2013 / 000107, and PCT / BR2014 / 0001 12, PCT / FR2009 / 052379. These generators consist of a primary electric network or battery connected to an inverter that converts direct current to alternating current. An oscillator, operating at a frequency that is a fractional multiple of the muon's Compton wavelength, is fed by this source through an inductive filter. The terminals of the oscillator are in series with a spark gap and an external oscillating coil that produces a variable oscillating magnetic field at the same frequency as the oscillator. This magnetic field is capable of attracting and concentrating muons from cosmic rays. Inside the central chamber of the coil, the muons spontaneously decay, generating a significant quantity of electrons (each muon resulting in one electron), which are then absorbed by the electric wires of the internal coil, producing electricity. This electricity can power external loads through a two or three-phase load inverter after being converted to the appropriate voltage.

[0008] Table 1 presents the results obtained from tests conducted using the process and device described in US publication no. US20160049839A1 , and PCT application numbers PCT / IB2012 / 002291 and PCT / BR2013 / 000107.

[0009] The operation of muonic electromagnetic generators has been observed to produce significant amounts of heat, leading to potential system shutdowns within a short time frame.

[0010] While the previously mentioned Muonic Electromagnetic Generators do not explicitly address the issue of heat, it is evident that a heating problem exists.

[0011] PCT publication no. WO2014151057A2 discloses a method for utilizing heat generated in power plants, where the power plant may be an internal combustion (IC) engine or a fuel cell. The power plant intakes air and generates high-temperature exhaust gas, which is then used by an expander to produce useful work. This work is subsequently delivered back to the power plant to enhance its overall operational efficiency. The expander consists of a housing with two intermeshed rotor assemblies and shafts, designed to receive heat directly or indirectly from the power plant's exhaust.

[0012] Numerous experiments and endeavours have been undertaken to address the heating issue. The power output is contingent on the precise tuning of the magnetic field frequency with respect to the Compton Wavelength, the performance of individual components, and the altitude above sea level.

[0013] In 2016, Ernst & Young witnessed a test yielding an output-to-input ratio of 47.1 and 114.7.

[0014] Moreover, in June 2015, Physics PhDs Ricardo Gutters and Marcello Goncalves asserted the validity of the following results: output-to-input ratios of 31.8 and 47.01 .

[0015] Additionally, the Applica Test Center (formerly DNV Test Center) conducted a test on the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) in November 2016, with the resulting power ratio of output to input being 16:1. The test was carried out for 40 minutes without any overheating, but it was found that the temperature was rising at the end of the test.

[0016] In AFFIN’s application N020230078 we find an approach to an improvement of the system generation which proposes a continuous electrical energy which eliminates the shutting down of the overheating problem and generates more green electricity by delivering a constant energy to the output power lines; the system comprises two or more muon generators that are connected in a cascade coupling.

[0017] Furthermore, there is a need for an improved energy system capable of providing a constant energy output with different output voltage, along with the potential for increased generation of environmentally friendly electricity.Summary of the invention

[0018] Aspects of the present invention provide an energy system designed to address common overheating-related shutdown concerns in electricity muon generation systems. This system not only ensures a steady and reliable energy output but also has the potential to significantly increase the production of environmentally sustainable electricity.

[0019] One aspect of the invention provides an energy system by comprising multiple muon generators interconnected in a cascade coupling configuration, where each generator receives an input power, utilizing the output power from one generator as the input power for the subsequent generator.

[0020] Other aspect of the invention provides an energy system that facilitates the sequential shutdown of the first generator shortly after activating the second generator, followed by the subsequent shutdown of the second generator upon the commencement of the third generator. This strategic cascade coupling mechanismeffectively mitigates overheating issues, guaranteeing an uninterrupted energy supply to the output power lines. The disclosed energy system thus represents a breakthrough solution for sustainable and consistent electrical energy generation.

[0021] Another aspect of the invention provides an energy system that can be tailored to generate power suitable for various potential applications.

[0022] Another aspect of the invention provides an energy system that incorporates a computer connected to the generators through dedicated electrical connections. The computer is responsible for calculating the timing required to reach the maximum temperature of each generator.

[0023] Another aspect of the invention provides an energy system that integrates a cooling unit to each generator for facilitating the circulation of a liquid cooling medium (preferably water and / or oil) in direct contact with all critical components susceptible to excessive heat generation. Consequently, the effective cooling mechanism ensures that all critical components of the generators remain at optimal temperatures, with the possibility of utilizing water damp through a turbine for electricity production.

[0024] Another aspect of the invention is to feed muon generator with the output from another generator with different voltages that again will give the flexibility to both generator’s high voltage output to distribute the electricity over larger distances in addition to generate low voltage for nearby users.

[0025] In Another aspect of the invention the cooling units may incorporate thermoelectric materials to harness excess heat produced by the generators for the generation of electrical energy.

[0026] Other aspects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims.Brief description of the drawings

[0027] The detailed description will be better understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:

[0028] Fig.1 illustrates an energy system that can effectively eliminate the frequent shutdown issues associated with overheating according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0029] Fig.2 illustrates an application of the energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention.Detailed description of the invention

[0030] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, the embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention, as depicted in Fig.1 , provides a system 10 comprising multiple muon generators 50a, 50b and 50c configured in form of cascade coupling. While three muon generators 50a, 50b and 50c are illustrated in the cascade coupling, it should be appreciated that, in practical applications, , the number of muon generators within the cascade coupling can be two or more without departing from the scope of the invention. As demonstrated in the Fig.1 , each generator 50a, 50b, or 50c is equipped with a corresponding switch 51a, 51b, or 51c to regulate and control its operation.

[0032] Additionally, each generator 50a, 50b, or 50c is linked to a transformer 52a, 52b, or 52c enabling the connection of one or more output power lines, thus ensuring a consistent energy supply to the output. Furthermore, each generator 50a, 50b, or 50c incorporates a cooling unit 54a, 54b, or 54c for effective heat management.

[0033] Fig. 1 highlights the functionality of muon generator 50a, which utilizes switch 51a to receive input power 61a for controlling its operation. The muon generator 50a generates output power 62a, which is subsequently transmitted to transformer 52a, enabling the delivery of a consistent energy supply to the output. Moreover, transformer 52a converts output power 62a into output power 62b, adjusting the output voltage as per the requirements of the electricity usage.

[0034] In a similar fashion, muon generator 50b is equipped with switch 51b, facilitating the reception of output power 62a generated by generator 50a to regulate the operation of muon generator 50b. Muon generator 50b produces output power 62c, which is then directed to transformer 52b, allowing the connection of one or more output power lines for the consistent supply of energy to the output. Additionally, transformer 52b modifies output power 62c into output power 62d, adjusting the output voltage as required by the electricity usage.

[0035] Likewise, muon generator 50c is fitted with switch 51c, receiving output power 62b transferred from transformer 52a to regulate the operation of muon generator 50c. Muon generator 50c generates output power 62e, which is then conveyed to transformer 52c, enabling the connection of one or more output power lines for the consistent delivery of energy to the output. Furthermore, transformer 52c converts output power 62e into output power 62f, adjusting the output voltage in line with the specific requirements of the electricity usage.

[0036] As depicted in Fig. 1 , the system 10 also incorporates a computer 53, with each generator 50a, 50b, or 50c being connected to the computer 53 through dedicated electrical connections 55a, 55b, or 55c, respectively. In one embodiment, the computer 53 is responsible for calculating the timing required to reach the maximum temperature of each generator 50a, 50b, or 50c. Furthermore, each switch 51a, 51b, or 51c is linked to the computer 53.

[0037] Certainly, as depicted in Fig. 1 , the system 10 employs, for instance, the output power 62a from a muon generator 50a as the input energy 61b for the subsequent muon generator 50b. Therefore, in accordance with the present invention, it is evident that the system 10 can be tailored to generate power suitable for various potential applications.

[0038] According to the configuration presented in Fig. 1 , the embodiments of the invention offer resolutions to both the overheating and shutdown issues encountered by the muonic generators, while simultaneously fostering the generation of a greater quantity of environmentally friendly electricity.

[0039] In specific embodiments, the system 10 integrates cooling units 54a, 54b, and 54c with the generators 50a, 50b, and 50c to facilitate the circulation of a liquid coolingmedium (preferably water and / or oil) in direct contact with all critical components susceptible to excessive heat generation. Consequently, the effective cooling mechanism ensures that all critical components of the generators 50a, 50b, and 50c remain at optimal temperatures, with the possibility of utilizing water damp through a turbine for electricity production.

[0040] Additionally, in an alternative embodiment, the cooling units 54a, 54b, and 54c may incorporate thermoelectric materials to harness excess heat produced by the generators 50a, 50b, and 50c for the generation of electrical energy.

[0041] In another embodiment, the muon generators 50a, 50b, or 50c and / or the cooling units 54a, 54b, or 54c can incorporate thermoelectric elements / materials, each with separate output power lines. Moreover, the transformers 52a, 52b, or 52c adjust the output voltage in line with the specific requirements of the electricity usage.

[0042] Furthermore, the embodiments of the invention leverage thermoelectric elements / materials capable of generating electricity from temperature differentials. These elements / materials facilitate the conversion of heat energy to electrical energy and vice versa, enhancing the efficiency of the generators 50a, 50b, and 50c and enabling the reuse of heat energy for enhanced electricity production.

[0043] Furthermore, in an additional embodiment, the system 10 incorporates a feedback system, which integrates laser temperature measurements for controlling the initiation and cessation of each switch 51a, 51b, or 51c and input power, triggered by the temperature reaching a predetermined threshold (e.g., 25% of the equipment's operating rate). These laser temperature measurements are strategically positioned in close proximity to critical components / parts of each generator 50a, 50b, and 50c, with the recorded measurements relayed to the computer 53. The computer 53 regulates the activation of subsequent generators while halting the operation of the initial generator. Additionally, both the input power and output power measurements are transmitted to the computer 53, which assimilates the data on the timing of temperature and energy measurements.

[0044] Alternatively, in another embodiment, instead of the feedback system, each switch 51a, 51 b, or 51c can be connected to a clock that initiates the shutdown of the input power after a predefined duration (based on empirical tests to determine criticaloverheated temperatures). This approach serves as a guide for shutting down the respective generator 50a, 50b, or 50c, taking into account the different critical working temperature ranges of electronic components.

[0045] In the embodiments illustrated in Fig. 1 , in line with the cascade coupling of generators 50a, 50b, and 50c, the invention entails the systematic shutdown of the first generator 50a shortly after the initiation of the second generator 50b. Similarly, the system 10 initiates the shutdown of the second generator 50b shortly after the commencement of the third generator 50c. Consequently, the cascade coupling of the multiple muon generators 50a, 50b, and 50c effectively resolves shutdown issues resulting from overheating and ensures a consistent supply of energy to the output power lines.

[0046] Moreover, in another embodiment, the system 10, integrated with computer 53, computes the timing required to reach the maximum temperature in addition to processing data from the laser temperature measurements. Furthermore, the computer 53 calculates the energy derived from both the input power lines and the output power lines.

[0047] In accordance with the present invention, it is evident that the system 10 can be used to generate power suitable for various potential applications. Demonstrated in Fig. 2, this system 10 showcases an industrial-scale deployment, where energy harnessed from either a wind turbine 60, solar system 70 or from a muon generator 50 are efficiently stored within an energy storage unit 80. Notably, the innovation encompasses also an inventive utilization of a 9V battery-based energy input in addition to the normal 1 10 or 220 V input. With a 9V input energy capacity ranging from 0 to 9 watts, remarkably yielding an output exceeding 800 watts. Operating with a configuration comprising multiple Muon generators 50, the energy storage 80 supplies an input power 61a to system 10. A primary objective of this system 10 is to foster the generation of a substantial volume of environmentally friendly electricity, concurrently ensuring a reliable and stable energy supply to the output power lines. These output power lines are connected with a distribution substation 30, enabling the efficient provisioning of electricity to various industrial facilities or farmhouses 20, tailored to the specific power requirements of diverse electricity usages.

[0048] The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. An energy system (10) for generating and delivering continuous electrical energy, the system (10) comprising: a first muon generator (50a), a second generator (50b) and a third generator (50c) that are interconnected in a cascade coupling, where the first muon generator (50a) is implemented with a first switch (51a), the second muon generator (50b) is implemented with a second switch (51b), and the third muon generator (50c) is implemented with a third switch (51c), where the first muon generator (50a) is provided with a first cooling unit (54a), the second muon generator (50b) is provided with a second cooling unit (54b), and the third muon generator (50c) is provided with a third cooling unit (54c), where the first muon generator (50a) is connected to a first transformer (52a), the second muon generator (50b) is connected to a second transformer (52b), and where the third muon generator (50c) is connected to a third transformer (52c), where the muon generators (50a, 50b and 50c) are connected to a computer (53), and where the switches (51a, 51 b and 51c) are connected to the computer (53), characterized by, supplying an input power (61a) to the first muon generator (50a), where the muon generator (50a) generates an output power (62a) that is used by the second generator (50b) as an input power (61b), further the first transformer (52a) is connected to the first muon generator (50a) that transfers the output power (62a) into output power (62b), where the output power (62b) is used by the third generator (50c) as an input power (61c),where the cascade coupling of the muon generators (50a or 50b or 50c) results in the elimination of shutdown problems caused by overheating, thereby delivering a consistent energy flow to the output power lines.

2. The system (10) of claim 1 , wherein the cooling unit (54a or 54b or 54c) transports a liquid cooling medium, where the cooling medium comes into contact with all critical components of the generator (50a or 50b or 50c) that generate excessive heat, where the cooling medium is water and / or oil.

3. The system (10) of claim 1 , wherein the cooling unit (54a or 54b or 54c) further includes thermoelectric elements / materials that generate power by temperature differences, where the thermoelectric elements / materials are capable of transferring heat energy into electrical energy.

4. The system (10) of claim 1 , wherein thermoelectric elements are integrated within the generator (50a or 50b or 50c) and / or placed in combination with the cooling unit (54a or 54b or 54c), and having separate output power lines.

5. The system (10) of claim 1 , wherein the computer (53) that calculates the timing required for each generator (50a or 50b or 50c) to reach its maximum temperature.

6. The system (10) of claim 1 , further comprising laser temperature measurements installed in proximity close to critical components / parts of each generator (50a or 50b or 50c) for: controlling the starting of the second generator (50b) and shutting off the first generator (50a) or vice versa, and controlling the starting of the third generator (50c) and shutting off the second generator (50c) or vice versa.

7. The system (10) of claim 1 , wherein the transformer (52a or 52b or 52c) adjusts the output voltage based on the specific requirements of the electricity usage.

8. The system (10) of claim 1 , wherein the switch (51a or 51b or 51c) is further linked to a clock, where the clock is being programmed to shut off the input power (61aor 61 b or 61c) after a specified duration, and guiding the shutdown of the generators (50a or 50b or 50c).

9. The system (10) of claim 1, wherein the cascade coupling of the muon generators (50a or 50b or 50c) results in the elimination of shutdown problems caused by overheating, thereby delivering a consistent energy flow to the output power lines.

10. A method for generating and delivering continuous electrical energy using an energy system (10) that comprises a first muon generator (50a), a second generator (50b), and a third generator (50c) interconnected in a cascade coupling, by:- implementing a first switch (51a) with the first muon generator (50a), a second switch (51b) with the second muon generator (50b), a third switch (51 c) with the third muon generator (50c);- providing a first cooling unit (54a) to the first muon generator (50a), a second cooling unit (54b) to the second muon generator (50b), and a third cooling unit (54c) to the third muon generator (50c);- connecting a first transformer (52a) with the first muon generator (50a), a second transformer (52b) with the second muon generator (50b), and a third transformer (52c) with the third muon generator (50c);- connecting a computer (53) to the muon generators (50a, 50b and 50c); and- connecting switches (51a, 51b and 51 c) to the computer (53), characterized by, supplying an input power (61a) to the first muon generator (50a), where the muon generator (50a) generates an output power (62a) that is used by the second generator (50b) as an input power (61b), further the first transformer (52a) is connected to the first muon generator (50a) that transfers the output power (62a) into output power (62b), where the output power (62b) is used by the third generator (50c) as an input power (61c),where the cascade coupling of the muon generators (50a or 50b or 50c) results in the elimination of shutdown problems caused by overheating, thereby delivering a consistent energy flow to the output power lines.11 . The method of claim 10, wherein the cooling unit (54a or 54b or 54c) transports a liquid cooling medium, where cooling medium comes into contact with all critical components of the generator (50a or 50b or 50c) that generate excessive heat, where the cooling medium is water and / or oil.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the cooling unit (54a or 54b or 54c) further includes thermoelectric elements / materials that generate power by temperature differences, where the thermoelectric elements / materials are capable of transferring heat energy into electrical energy.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein thermoelectric elements are integrated within the generator (50a or 50b or 50c) and / or placed in combination with the cooling unit (54a or 54b or 54c), and having separate output power lines.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the computer (53) that calculates the timing required for each generator (50a or 50b or 50c) to reach its maximum temperature.

15. The method of claim 10, further comprising laser temperature measurements installed in proximity close to critical components / parts of each generator (50a or 50b or 50c) for: controlling the starting of the second generator (50b) and shutting off the first generator (50a) or vice versa, and controlling the starting of the third generator (50c) and shutting off the second generator (50c) or vice versa.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein the transformer (52a or 52b or 52c) that adjusts the output voltage based on the specific requirements of the electricity usage.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the switch (51a or 51b or 51c) that is further linked to a clock, where the clock is being programmed to shut off the input power (61aor 61 b or 61c) after a specified duration, and guiding the shutdown of the generators (50a or 50b or 50c).

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the cascade coupling of the muon generators (50a or 50b or 50c) results in the elimination of shutdown problems caused by overheating, thereby delivering a consistent energy flow to the output power lines.

19. A method for generating and delivering continuous electrical energy using an energy system (10) comprising a first muon generator (50a), a second generator (50b), and a third generator (50c) interconnected in a cascade coupling, by:- implementing a first switch (51a) with the first muon generator (50a), a second switch (51b) with the second muon generator (50b), a third switch (51 c) with the third muon generator (50c),- providing a first cooling unit (54a) to the first muon generator (50a), a second cooling unit (54b) to the second muon generator (50b), and a third cooling unit (54c) to the third muon generator (50c),- connecting a first transformer (52a) with the first muon generator (50a), a second transformer (52b) with the second muon generator (50b), and a third transformer (52c) with the third muon generator (50c),- connecting a computer (53) with the muon generators (50a, 50b and 50c), and- connecting switches (51a, 51b and 51 c) with the computer (53), characterized by, supplying an input power (61a) to the first muon generator (50a), generating an output power (62a) from the first muon generator (50a), using the generated output power (62a) as an input power (61b) for the second generator (50b), connecting a first transformer (52a) to the first muon generator (50a) to transfer the output power (62a) into output power (62b),using the output power (62b) as an input power (61c) for the third generator (50c), and implementing the cascade coupling of the muon generators (50a, 50b, or 50c) to eliminate a shutdown problem caused by overheating and deliver a constant energy to output power lines.

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