Laser cutting nozzle

Abstract

A laser cutting nozzle (500), comprising a first sleeve (510), a first housing (520), a nozzle (540), and a flow equalization block (560). The first sleeve (510) is provided with a first light-passing and gas-blowing channel (511) and a first gas passage (550). The flow equalization block (560) is arranged within the first sleeve (510) and is provided with a second light-passing and gas-blowing channel (561), and the second light-passing and gas-blowing channel (561) is in communication with the first light-passing and gas-blowing channel (511). A plurality of second gas passages (562) are formed between the flow equalization block (560) and the first sleeve (510), the first gas passage (550) is in communication with the second gas passages (562), and the second gas passages (562) are in communication with the second light-passing and gas-blowing channel (561). The configuration of the laser cutting nozzle allows gas passing therethrough to change direction multiple times, achieving uniform gas dispersion, thereby ensuring gas pressure, improving the gas-blowing effect, and ensuring the shape of the cut seam.

Description

Laser cutting nozzles

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 6, 2023, with application number 202311463868.0. The entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application belongs to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular relates to a laser cutting nozzle. Background Art

[0003] A laser cutting machine utilizes a fiber laser generator as its light source. Fiber lasers are a new type of laser capable of outputting a high-energy-density laser beam. This laser beam is focused onto the workpiece surface, instantly melting and vaporizing the area illuminated by the ultra-fine focal spot. Automatic cutting is achieved by moving the spot's illumination position via a CNC mechanical system. Fiber laser cutting machines can perform both flat and bevel cutting, producing smooth, clean edges. They are widely used for products requiring high-precision cutting, such as metal sheets.

[0004] The cutting head is a key component of a fiber laser cutting machine. During laser cutting, the cutting head is connected to the laser, and a laser beam is emitted from the laser cutting nozzle, irradiating the product to be cut, forming slag on the product. Pressurized gas then blows away the slag, forming the cut seam. In existing technologies, the light and gas transmission channels are integrated, and gas is ejected directly from the nozzle. Due to uneven gas pressure, the cut seam is uneven, resulting in poor cutting accuracy and unsuitable for high-precision instrument processing. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a laser cutting nozzle to solve the problem of poor cutting accuracy due to uneven gas pressure when pressurized gas is directly ejected from the nozzle.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a laser cutting nozzle, comprising:

[0007] A first sleeve is provided with a first light-passing air blowing channel therein, and a first air channel is provided on the first sleeve, and the first air channel extends along the axial direction of the first sleeve;

[0008] A first housing is sleeved on the first sleeve;

[0009] A nozzle is connected to the first housing, and the first light blowing channel is connected to the nozzle;

[0010] A flow balancing block is arranged in the first sleeve, and the flow balancing block is provided with a second light-transmitting air blowing channel, the second light-transmitting air blowing channel is connected to the first light-transmitting air blowing channel, and a plurality of second air channels are formed between the flow balancing block and the first sleeve, the second air channels extend along the axial direction of the first sleeve, and the plurality of second air channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the flow balancing block, the air inlet of the first air channel faces away from the nozzle, the air outlet of the second air channel faces away from the nozzle, the first air channel is connected to the second air channel, and the second air channel is connected to the second light-transmitting air blowing channel. Beneficial effects

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the laser cutting nozzle provided in the embodiment of the present application comprises a first sleeve, a first shell, a nozzle and a flow equalizing block, the first sleeve is provided with a first air channel, a second air channel is formed between the flow equalizing block and the first sleeve, the air inlet of the first air channel faces away from the nozzle, the air outlet of the second air channel faces away from the nozzle, the pressurized gas enters the second air channel from the first air channel and then enters the first light-transmitting blowing channel and the second light-transmitting blowing channel, and is ejected from the nozzle, the pressurized gas is dispersed and turned through the first air channel and the second air channel to achieve pressure equalization, which overcomes the problem of poor cutting accuracy caused by uneven gas pressure in the existing method of directly ejecting pressurized gas from the nozzle, and has the advantages of simple structure, good pressure equalization effect and high cutting accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0013] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals represent the same parts.

[0014] FIG1 is a three-dimensional diagram of a laser cutting head provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] FIG2 is a side view of the first protection component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG2 .

[0017] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the aperture provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] FIG5 is another side view of the first protection component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] FIG6 is an exploded view of the first protection component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] FIG7 is a side view of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG8 is a BB cross-sectional view in FIG7 .

[0022] FIG9 is a perspective view of a collimating assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG10 is a side view of FIG9 .

[0024] FIG11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG10 .

[0025] FIG12 is a three-dimensional diagram of another form of the collimation assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG13 is an exploded view of FIG12 .

[0027] FIG14 is another side view of the optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG15 is a DD cross-sectional view in FIG14 .

[0029] FIG16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG14 .

[0030] FIG17 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second protection component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG18 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the second protection component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG19 is a three-dimensional view of the nozzle blowing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 20 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nozzle blowing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG21 is an exploded view of the nozzle blowing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the first sleeve in the nozzle blowing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 100, fiber optic connector; 200, first protective assembly; 210, first mounting base; 220, first protective mirror; 230, aperture; 231, first light passage; 232, light blocking surface; 233, fourth groove; 240, second heat dissipation channel; 241, second inlet; 242, second outlet; 250, first mirror holder; 300, optical module; 310, collimator assembly; 311, collimator mirror; 312, collimator mirror holder; 3121, third heat dissipation channel; 3122, third inlet; 312 3. Third outlet; 313. Sliding mechanism; 3131. Guide rail; 3132. Slider; 3133. Limiting member; 3134. Limiting fitting; 314. Driving mechanism; 3141. Voice coil motor; 3142. Magnetic scale; 3143. Inductive member; 315. Fixing bracket; 3151. Motor fixing plate; 3152. Coil fixing plate; 320. Focusing assembly; 330. Second housing; 331. Fourth heat dissipation channel; 3311. Water inlet channel; 3312. Water outlet channel; 3313. Fourth inlet; 400, second protection assembly; 410, lower mounting seat; 411, first air inlet; 412, second air inlet; 413, second connecting groove; 420, upper mounting seat; 430, second protection mirror; 440, second mirror seat; 450, sealing member; 460, monitoring mounting plate; 470, second adapter block; 480, fifth heat dissipation channel; 500, laser cutting nozzle; 510, first sleeve; 511, first light blowing channel; 512, fin; 513, mounting hole; 514, third Groove; 520, first shell; 521, cooling air duct; 522, first inlet; 523, first outlet; 524, first air outlet; 526, cone; 527, ceramic ring; 528, adapter block; 529, connecting screw sleeve; 530, first heat dissipation channel; 540, nozzle; 550, first air duct; 560, flow equalizing block; 561, second light-transmitting air blowing channel; 562, second air duct; 563, first groove; 564, second groove; 570, air blowing cover; 571, first connecting groove. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] The embodiments of the present application provide a laser cutting nozzle to solve the problem of poor cutting accuracy due to uneven gas pressure when pressurized gas is directly ejected from the nozzle.

[0040] The laser cutting nozzle can be applied to a laser cutting head. The following will illustrate the application of the laser cutting nozzle to the laser cutting head as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] 1 , a laser cutting head includes an optical fiber connector 100 , a first protective assembly 200 , an optical module 300 , a second protective assembly 400 , and a laser cutting nozzle 500 , which are sequentially connected.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present application, the optical fiber connector 100 can be a QB connector, a QBH connector, or a QC connector, which is used to connect to the output head of the optical fiber laser. The selection of the optical fiber connector 100 is adapted to the output head of the optical fiber laser to guide the laser beam output by the optical fiber laser into the laser cutting head.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 2 and 3, the first protective component 200 includes at least a first mounting seat 210 and a first protective mirror 220. The first protective mirror 220 can be detachably mounted on the first mounting seat 210 to facilitate replacement of the first protective mirror 220, thereby preventing dust from entering the optical module 300 from the side of the optical fiber connector 100, protecting the optical module 300, and improving the reliability of the optical module 300.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 7 and 8, the optical module 300 includes at least a second shell 330, a collimating assembly 310, and a focusing assembly 320. The collimating assembly 310 and the focusing assembly 320 are both installed in the second shell 330. The collimating mirror of the collimating assembly 310 is coaxially arranged with the focusing mirror of the focusing assembly 320, and the collimating mirror is closer to the first protective assembly 200 than the focusing mirror. The laser beam output by the fiber laser is collimated by the collimating assembly 310, and then focused by the focusing assembly 320, and emitted from the laser cutting nozzle 500 for laser cutting.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 19, 20 and 21, the laser cutting nozzle 500 includes a first sleeve 510, a first shell 520, a nozzle 540 and a flow equalizer 560. A first light blowing channel 511 is provided in the first sleeve 510, a first air channel 550 is provided on the first sleeve 510, and the first air channel 550 extends along the axial direction of the first sleeve 510; the first shell 520 is sleeved on the first sleeve 510; the nozzle 540 is connected to the first shell 520. , the first light blowing channel 511 is connected to the nozzle 540; the interior of the first sleeve 510 is provided with a mounting hole 513 and the first light blowing channel 511, the mounting hole 513 is adapted to the current equalizing block 560, the mounting hole 513 is located above the first light blowing channel 511, the current equalizing block 560 is installed in the first sleeve 510, and the current equalizing block 560 is provided with a second light blowing channel 561, the first light blowing channel 511 is connected to the second light blowing channel 561, the first light blowing The air channel 511 and the second light blowing channel 561 are coaxially arranged with the first sleeve 510. The second light blowing channel 561 is located above the first light blowing channel 511. A plurality of second air channels 562 are formed between the outer wall of the flow balancing block 560 and the inner wall of the first sleeve 510. The plurality of second air channels 562 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the flow balancing block 560. The second air channels 562 extend along the axial direction of the first sleeve 510. The first sleeve 510 is provided with at least one first air channel 550, the second air channels 551 and the second air channels 552. An air duct 550 extends axially along the first sleeve 510, the air inlet of the first air duct 550 faces the second protective component 400, the air outlet of the second air duct 562 faces the second protective component 400, the end of the first air duct 550 facing away from the second protective component 400 is connected to the end of the second air duct 562 facing away from the second protective component 400, the second air duct 562 is connected to the second light-transmitting air blowing channel 561, and the second light-transmitting air blowing channel 561 is connected to the first light-transmitting air blowing channel 511.

[0046] It can be understood that the first air channel 550 is connected to the external air source. Along the radial direction of the first sleeve 510, the first air channel 550 is located on the outside of the second air channel 562, and the second air channel 562 is located on the outside of the second light-transmitting blowing channel 561. The gas enters the second air channel 562 from the first air channel 550 and then enters the second light-transmitting blowing channel 561, and then enters the nozzle 540 from the first light-transmitting blowing channel 511. The gas undergoes multiple turning designs. Compared with directly entering the first light-transmitting blowing channel 511 from the second light-transmitting blowing channel 561, the gas is evenly dispersed, which reduces the gas pressure loss inside the second light-transmitting blowing channel 561 and the first light-transmitting blowing channel 511, ensures the air pressure, improves the blowing effect, and ensures the shape of the cutting seam.

[0047] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 19 and 20, a first heat dissipation channel 530 is formed between the first shell 520 and the first sleeve 510. The first heat dissipation channel 530 is connected to an external water cooler. Circulating coolant is passed into the first heat dissipation channel 530. The coolant can be water, oil or a water-oil mixture. A cooling air duct 521, a first inlet 522, a first outlet 523 and a first air outlet 524 are also provided on the first shell 520. The first inlet 522 and the first outlet 523 are connected to the first heat dissipation channel 530. The first heat dissipation channel 530 is connected to an external water cooling mechanism through the first inlet 522 and the first outlet 523. The cooling air duct 521 is connected to an external cooling air source. The first air outlet 524 is connected to the cooling air duct 521. The first air outlet 524 is arranged on a side close to the nozzle 540. The cold air directly acts on the nozzle 540, and the cold air dissipates heat for the nozzle 540. The laser cutting nozzle 500 is cooled through the first heat dissipation channel 530 to prevent the laser cutting nozzle 500 from overheating and affecting the surrounding optical module 300. The nozzle 540 is connected to the side of the first housing 520 facing away from the second protective assembly 400. The first light-passing air blowing channel 511 is connected to the nozzle 540, and the first air outlet 524 is located on the side of the first housing 520 near the nozzle 540.

[0048] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, a first protective component 200 and a second protective component 400 are respectively provided on the light incident side and the light emitting side of the optical module 300 to block both sides of the optical module 300, thereby preventing dust from entering the optical module 300, ensuring the optical reliability of the collimating component 310 and the focusing component 320 of the optical module 300, and avoiding the occurrence of the collimating component 310 and the focusing component 320 being burned due to heat accumulation of dust, thereby improving the service life of the optical lens. In addition, a first heat dissipation channel 530 is formed between the first sleeve 510 and the first shell 520 of the laser cutting nozzle 500 in the embodiment of the present application, and the laser cutting nozzle 500 is cooled and dissipated through the first heat dissipation channel 530. A cooling air channel 521 is also provided in the first shell 520 to cool the nozzle 540. If the first heat dissipation channel 530 is not provided, the laser cutting nozzle 500 will generate heat, and the temperature of the cooling air in the cooling air channel 521 will also be high, and the nozzle 540 cannot be cooled and dissipated, and the nozzle 540 is prone to burn. Moreover, the laser cutting nozzle 500 is adjacent to the optical module 300. If the temperature of the laser cutting nozzle 500 is high, the temperature is transferred to the optical module 300, and the temperature of the optical module 300 is also high. The collimation assembly 310 and the focusing assembly 320 may burn, affecting the service life of the optical module 300. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application improves the heat dissipation effect of the laser cutting head, is more suitable for high-power lasers, improves the reliability of the laser cutting head, ensures the cutting effect, and is suitable for precision instrument processing.

[0049] Based on the above embodiment, as shown in FIG20 , multiple second air channels 562 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the flow balancing block 560. The number of second air channels 562 is greater than the number of first air channels 550, thereby improving the pressure balancing effect. The greater the number of second air channels 562, the better the pressure balancing effect.

[0050] On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in Figure 21, the outer surface of the flow balancing block 560 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 563 and second grooves 564, the first grooves 563 extend along the axial direction of the flow balancing block 560, and the second grooves 564 are distributed along the circumference of the flow balancing block 560, and the second grooves 564 are arranged on the side of the flow balancing block 560 away from the second protection component 400, the first groove 563 is connected to the second groove 564, and the first groove 563 and the second groove 564 are both semicircular groove structures, the flow balancing block 560 is sealed and connected to the first sleeve 510, and the inner wall of the first sleeve 510 blocks the openings of the first groove 563 and the second groove 564 to form a second air duct 562, and the first air duct 550 is connected to the second groove 564.

[0051] It can be understood that the gas flowing out of the first air channel 550 is buffered by the second groove 564 before entering the first groove 563, reducing air pressure loss, making the air pressure in each first groove 563 the same, and achieving a good pressure equalization effect.

[0052] As shown in Figure 22, the inner wall of the first sleeve 510 is provided with a third groove 514, the third groove 514 is close to the side of the first light blowing channel 511, the third groove 514 is connected to the air outlet of the first air channel 550, the opening of the third groove 514 is arranged opposite to the opening of the second groove 564, and the third groove 514 and the second groove 564 form an annular channel to reduce air pressure loss.

[0053] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 20 and 21, the laser cutting nozzle 500 also includes an air blowing cover plate 570, which has an annular disc structure. The air blowing cover plate 570 is arranged in the first shell 520, and the air blowing cover plate 570 is connected to the first shell 520 by a pin shaft. The air blowing cover plate 570 is arranged on the side of the first sleeve 510 close to the optical module 300, and the air blowing cover plate 570 and the first sleeve 510 are sealed by a sealing ring. A first connecting groove 571 is provided on the side of the air blowing cover plate 570 facing away from the flow balancing block 560. The first connecting groove 571 is arc-shaped, and the first connecting groove 571 is connected to the air inlets of multiple first air channels 550, such as the air inlets of two first air channels 550 share one first connecting groove 571, or the air inlets of four first air channels 550 share one first connecting groove 571. The air inlet ends of the first air channels 550 are gathered together through the air blowing cover plate 570 so that the first air channels 550 can simultaneously take in air, thereby ensuring a pressure equalization effect.

[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 20 and 22, the outer surface of the first sleeve 510 has spirally arranged fins 512, the fins 512 are sealed to the first shell 520, and the grooves between adjacent fins 512 and the interior of the first shell 520 form a first heat dissipation channel 530. The spiral first heat dissipation channel 530 increases the length of the heat dissipation channel and improves the heat dissipation effect.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the surface of the first sleeve 510 has two spirally arranged fins 512, and the two fins 512 have the same spiral direction, forming two spiral first heat dissipation channels 530 between the first sleeve 510 and the first housing 520. This further increases the length of the heat dissipation channels and improves the heat dissipation effect. In addition, even if one first heat dissipation channel 530 is blocked, the other one can still flow, ensuring reliable heat dissipation.

[0056] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 20 and 21, the first shell 520 includes a cone 526 and a ceramic ring 527. The cone 526 is sleeved on the first sleeve 510. The cone 526 and the first sleeve 510 are sealed to form a first heat dissipation channel 530. A flange connection portion is provided on the side of the cone 526 close to the second protection component 400. The cone 526 and the second protection component 400 are detachably connected by a pin shaft. The side of the cone 526 close to the nozzle 540 is cylindrical. The ceramic ring 527 connects the nozzle 540 and the cone 526. The cooling air duct 521 is arranged through the cone 526 and the ceramic ring 527. A first air outlet 524 is provided on the side of the ceramic ring 527 close to the nozzle 540.

[0057] It can be understood that the cooling air duct 521 blows cold air directly to the nozzle 540 through the ceramic ring 527, which reduces the loss of cold air and improves the cooling and heat dissipation effect of the nozzle 540.

[0058] Based on the above embodiment, as shown in FIG19 , the first housing 520 further includes a first adapter block 528 disposed between the cone 526 and the ceramic ring 527. The first adapter block 528 connects the cone 526 and the ceramic ring 527. The ceramic ring 527 is connected to the first adapter block 528 via a connecting screw 529. The cooling air duct 521 is provided through the cone 526, the adapter block 528, and the ceramic ring 527. The first housing 520 is assembled using a split structure, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and maintenance.

[0059] The cooling air duct 521 includes a first sub-segment, a second sub-segment, a third sub-segment, and a fourth sub-segment. The first sub-segment extends along the axis of the cone 526. The second sub-segment is arranged on the side surface of the first adapter block 528 facing the cone 526. The second sub-segment is in the shape of a long groove. One end of the second sub-segment is connected to the first sub-segment, and the other end is connected to the third sub-segment. The third sub-segment is arranged in the first adapter block 528. The third sub-segment is bent. The fourth sub-segment is arranged in the ceramic ring 527. The ceramic ring 527 is provided with a first air outlet 524 with an annular groove structure on one side facing the nozzle 540. Air is blown to the nozzle 540 through the annular first air outlet 524. The blowing area is large, which is conducive to heat dissipation of the nozzle 540.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the first protective assembly 200 includes a first mounting seat 210, a first protective mirror 220 and an aperture 230. The first mounting seat 210 is connected to the optical fiber connector 100, and the first protective mirror 220 and the aperture 230 are installed in the first mounting seat 210. The first protective mirror 220 is closer to the optical fiber connector 100 than the aperture 230.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the first protective mirror 220 has a dust-proof function to prevent dust from entering the optical module 300 on the rear side. The aperture 230 is arranged in the first mounting seat 210 to block light. The first protective mirror 220 and the aperture 230 are integrated into one through the first mounting seat 210 to form a first protective assembly 200, which is conducive to the overall installation and disassembly of the first protective assembly 200 and improves the maintainability of the module.

[0062] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3, 4 and 6, the aperture 230 is a cylindrical structure, and the aperture 230 includes a first light passage 231. The inner wall of the first light passage 231 is provided with a light-blocking surface 232. The light-blocking surface 232 is close to the first protective mirror 220. The light-blocking surface 232 is trumpet-shaped. The diameter of the light-blocking surface 232 at one end close to the first protective mirror 220 is larger than the diameter at the other end. Light is blocked by the light-blocking surface 232, and the light-blocking area is large.

[0063] In some embodiments, the light blocking surface 232 is provided with a black high-temperature resistant coating layer, which can withstand a temperature of 1400° C., thereby improving the high-temperature resistance of the aperture 230 .

[0064] In some embodiments, the black high-temperature resistant coating layer is burred to increase the laser absorption rate of the light-blocking surface 232, reduce laser reflection, prevent scattered light caused by laser reflection, and make the performance of the aperture 230 more stable.

[0065] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, the outer surface of the aperture 230 is sealedly connected to the inner surface of the first mounting seat 210, a second heat dissipation channel 240 is provided between the aperture 230 and the first mounting seat 210, a second inlet 241 and a second outlet 242 are provided on the first mounting seat 210, and the second inlet 241 and the second outlet 242 are connected to the second heat dissipation channel 240.

[0066] The second heat dissipation channel 240 dissipates heat for the aperture 230, thereby preventing the aperture 230 from being overheated and causing physical damage to the aperture 230. It also prevents heat from being transferred to the optical module 300 on the lower side, thereby protecting the optical module 300 and improving the reliability of the laser cutting head.

[0067] On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, a fourth groove 233 is provided on the outer surface of the aperture 230, and the aperture 230 is sealed and connected to the first mounting seat 210. The fourth groove 233 and the inner wall of the first mounting seat 210 form a second heat dissipation channel 240. The fourth groove 233 is a non-closed ring. The second inlet 241 is arranged at one end of the fourth groove 233, and the second outlet 242 is arranged at the other end of the fourth groove 233. The area of ​​the second heat dissipation channel 240 is increased as much as possible to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0068] On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the first protective assembly 200 also includes a first mirror seat 250, and the first protective mirror 220 is installed on the first mirror seat 250. The first mirror seat 250 is installed in a drawer-style on the first mounting seat 210, which is convenient for replacing and disassembling the first protective mirror 220.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 17 and 18, the second protective assembly 400 includes a lower mounting seat 410, an upper mounting seat 420, a second protective mirror 430, a second mirror base 440, and a sealing member 450. The lower mounting seat 410 is docked with the upper mounting seat 420 and is detachably connected to the upper mounting seat 420. The second protective mirror 430 is mounted on the second mirror base 440, and the second mirror base 440 is fixed between the lower mounting seat 410 and the upper mounting seat 420. The sealing member 450 is located between the second protective mirror 430 and the lower mounting seat 410, and the sealing member 450 seals the second protective mirror 430 and the lower mounting seat 410. The modularization of the second protective assembly 400 facilitates installation and removal of the second protective assembly 400 and is convenient for user operation.

[0070] It can be understood that the outlet of the second air duct 562 is toward the second protective component 400, and the gas discharged from the second air duct 562 is sprayed toward the second protective component 400. The second protective component 400 is designed as a sealed structure. The gas hits the second protective mirror 430 and then turns and flows into the second light-passing blowing channel 561 below to achieve pressure equalization.

[0071] Based on the above embodiment, the seal 450 is a pan seal, which is located in the second mirror seat 440 , with one side of the pan seal in contact with the second protective mirror 430 and the other side in contact with the top of the lower mounting seat 410 .

[0072] It can be understood that the air outlet of the second air duct 562 blows air to the second protective assembly 400. After the pan seal is inflated, the tighter the two sides of the pan seal fit against the second protective mirror 430 and the lower mounting seat 410, the greater the air pressure and the better the sealing effect.

[0073] On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to FIG. 18 , a monitoring mounting plate 460 is provided in the upper mounting seat 420 , and a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor and a light sensor are provided on the monitoring mounting plate 460 .

[0074] On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to Figures 17 and 18, the lower mounting seat 410 is provided with a first air inlet 411 and a second air inlet 412, and the side of the lower mounting seat 410 facing the blowing cover 570 is provided with a second connecting groove 413, the second connecting groove 413 corresponds to the first connecting groove 571, the first air inlet 411 is connected to the second connecting groove 413, and the second connecting groove 413 is connected to the first connecting groove 571, so that the first air inlet 411 is connected to the first light blowing channel 511, and the second air inlet 412 is connected to the cooling air duct 521.

[0075] As a variation, the first air inlet 411 and the second air inlet 412 may also be directly provided on the laser cutting nozzle 500 to enable air intake.

[0076] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 17 and 18, the second protection assembly 400 further includes a second adapter block 470, disposed on a side of the upper mounting base 420 facing away from the lower mounting base 410. The second adapter block 470 connects the optical module 300 and the lower mounting base 410. Multiple second adapter blocks 470 may be provided depending on the focusing distance of the focusing assembly 320. A fifth heat dissipation channel 480 is provided on the second adapter block 470. The fifth heat dissipation channel 480 cools the focusing assembly 320 and improves the heat dissipation effect of the optical module 300.

[0077] Based on the above embodiment, as shown in FIG9 , the collimator assembly 310 includes a collimator 311, a collimator seat 312, a sliding mechanism 313, and a driving mechanism 314. The collimator 311 is installed in the collimator seat 312. The sliding mechanism 313 can use a standard guide rail module to reduce the difficulty of installation, improve the structural stability, precision, and load-bearing capacity, and improve the maintainability, interchangeability, and stability of the collimator assembly 310. The sliding mechanism 313 includes a guide rail 3131 and a slider 3132. The collimator seat 312 is fixedly connected to the slider 3132. The driving mechanism 314 is connected to the slider 3132. The driving mechanism 314 drives the slider 3132 to move. The slider 3132 drives the collimator seat 312 to approach or move away from the first protective assembly 200, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the collimator 311. The automatic adjustment has high precision and simple adjustment operation.

[0078] The collimation assembly 310 adopts a modular design and is a separate functional module in the entire cutting head. The collimation assembly 310 is easy to disassemble and assemble, highly reliable, and easy to maintain. The module and the cutting head shell are designed as a quick-release structure to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the collimation lens.

[0079] Based on the above embodiment, as shown in FIG9 , the sliding mechanism 313 further includes two limiting members 3133 and limiting mating members 3134. The limiting members 3133 are stoppers, and the limiting mating members 3134 are baffles. The limiting mating members 3134 are disposed on the slider 3132. The two limiting members 3133 are spaced apart, and the limiting mating member 3134 is located between the two limiting members 3133. When the driving mechanism 314 drives the slider 3132 to move, the limiting mating members 3134 are driven to move until the limiting mating members 3134 abut against the limiting members 3133, and the collimating mirror 311 reaches its limit position.

[0080] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 9 and FIG. 12 , the collimation assembly 310 further includes a fixing bracket 315 . The fixing bracket 315 is disposed on the second housing 330 , and the driving mechanism 314 is mounted on the fixing bracket 315 .

[0081] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 12 , the drive mechanism 314 includes a voice coil motor 3141 connected to the sliding mechanism 313. The voice coil motor 3141 is used to drive the collimating lens holder 312 toward or away from the first protective assembly 200. The voice coil motor 3141 has the advantages of high torque, strong load capacity, and fast acceleration. It can control the collimating lens 311 to quickly complete adjustment actions, and has the advantages of fast zoom time, small size, and compact structure.

[0082] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 12, the driving mechanism 314 also includes a magnetic scale 3142 and a sensing element 3143, the sensing element 3143 is signal-connected to the voice coil motor 3141, the sensing element 3143 and the magnetic scale 3142 are arranged opposite to each other, the sensing element 3143 is fixed, the magnetic scale 3142 is connected to the collimating lens holder 312, and the sensing element 3143 and the magnetic scale 3142 move relative to each other.

[0083] It can be understood that by cooperating with the magnetic scale 3142 and the induction element 3143 , the moving distance of the collimating mirror 311 can be accurately calculated, and by controlling the voice coil motor 3141 through an external circuit, precise adjustment of the collimating mirror 311 can be achieved.

[0084] As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the fixing bracket 315 includes a motor fixing plate 3151 and a coil fixing plate 3152. The motor fixing plate 3151 is fixedly connected to the second housing 330. The voice coil motor 3141 is fixed to one side of the motor fixing plate 3151. The sliding mechanism 313 is provided on the other side of the motor fixing plate 3151. The coil fixing plate 3152 is fixed to the coil end of the voice coil motor 3141. The coil fixing plate 3152 is fixedly connected to the slider 3132. The stopper 3133 is provided on the motor fixing plate 3151. The collimator assembly 310 and the second housing 330 are connected to a quick-release modular structure, which facilitates the maintenance of the collimator lens 311. If the collimator lens 311 is damaged, the entire collimator assembly 310 can be removed, improving the product's maintainability. The collimator lens 311 and the collimator lens holder 312 are both standardized modular structures. When repairing the collimator lens 311, only the standardized modules need to be replaced, simplifying installation and maintenance.

[0085] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , a third heat dissipation channel 3121 , a third inlet 3122 , and a third outlet 3123 are provided in the collimating lens holder 312 . The third inlet 3122 and the third outlet 3123 are in communication with the third heat dissipation channel 3121 .

[0086] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, by separately providing a third heat dissipation channel 3121 in the collimator lens holder 312, the collimator lens 311 can be directly cooled, thereby avoiding the burning of the collimator lens 311, ensuring the safety and reliability of the collimator lens 311, and being more suitable for high-power laser cutting applications.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 14, 15 and 16, a fourth heat dissipation channel 331 is provided in the second shell 330, the fifth heat dissipation channel 480 is connected to the fourth heat dissipation channel 331, and the fourth heat dissipation channel 331 flows through the side and top surfaces of the second shell 330.

[0088] Referring to Figures 15, 16, 5 and 2, the fourth heat dissipation channel 331 includes a water inlet channel 3311, a water outlet channel 3312 and a fourth inlet 3313. The fourth inlet 3313 is arranged on the first mounting base 210, the water inlet channel 3311 is arranged on one side surface of the second shell 330, and the water outlet channel 3312 is arranged on the other side surface of the second shell 330. The two side surfaces are arranged opposite to each other. The water inlet channel 3311 and the water outlet channel 3312 are connected to the fifth heat dissipation channel 480, and the water outlet channel 3312 shares the second outlet 242 with the second heat dissipation channel 240, thereby realizing the integration of pipelines and reducing openings.

[0089] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0090] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0091] The above is a detailed introduction to the laser cutting nozzle provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A laser cutting nozzle, comprising: A first sleeve, wherein a first light-through blowing channel is provided therein, and a first air channel is provided on the first sleeve, and the first air channel extends along the axial direction of the first sleeve; A first housing, sleeved on the first sleeve; A nozzle connected to the first housing, wherein the first light-passing air blowing channel is in communication with the nozzle; A flow balancing block is arranged in the first sleeve, and the flow balancing block is provided with a second light-transmitting air blowing channel, the second light-transmitting air blowing channel is connected with the first light-transmitting air blowing channel, a plurality of second air channels are formed between the flow balancing block and the first sleeve, the second air channels extend along the axial direction of the first sleeve, and the plurality of second air channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the flow balancing block, the air inlet of the first air channel faces away from the nozzle, the air outlet of the second air channel faces away from the nozzle, the first air channel is connected with the second air channel, and the second air channel is connected with the second light-transmitting air blowing channel.

2. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: A first heat dissipation channel is formed between the first shell and the first sleeve. A cooling air channel, a first inlet, a first outlet and a first air outlet are provided on the first shell. The first inlet and the first outlet are connected to the first heat dissipation channel, and the first air outlet is connected to the cooling air channel. The first air outlet is located on a side of the first shell close to the nozzle.

3. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 2, wherein: The outer surface of the first sleeve has spirally arranged fins, and the fins are sealed and connected to the first shell to form the first heat dissipation channel.

4. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 2, wherein: The first housing comprises: A cone is sleeved on the first sleeve, and the first heat dissipation channel is formed between the cone and the first sleeve; A ceramic ring is arranged on a side of the cone close to the nozzle, the ceramic ring is connected to the nozzle, the cooling air duct is arranged through the cone and the ceramic ring, and the first air outlet is arranged on a side of the ceramic ring close to the nozzle.

5. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 4, wherein: The first shell further includes a first adapter block, which is arranged between the cone and the ceramic ring. The first adapter block connects the cone and the ceramic ring. The cooling air duct is arranged through the cone, the adapter block and the ceramic ring.

6. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of second air passages are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the flow balancing block.

7. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: The air outlet of the second air channel is arranged close to the nozzle.

8. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: The outer surface of the flow balancing block is provided with a plurality of first grooves and second grooves, the first grooves extend along the axial direction of the flow balancing block, the second grooves extend along the circumferential direction of the flow balancing block, the second grooves are arranged on a side of the flow balancing block close to the nozzle, the first grooves are communicated with the second grooves, the first air duct is communicated with the second grooves, the flow balancing block is sealingly connected to the first sleeve, and the inner wall of the first sleeve blocks the openings of the first groove and the second groove to form the second air duct.

9. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 1, further comprising: The air blowing cover plate is arranged in the first sleeve and is located on the side of the flow balancing block away from the nozzle. The side of the air blowing cover plate away from the flow balancing block is provided with a first connecting groove, and the first connecting groove is connected to the air inlet of the first air duct.

10. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 1, further comprising a second protection component, wherein the second protection component comprises: A lower mounting seat, an upper mounting seat, a second protective mirror, a second mirror seat and a sealing member, wherein the lower mounting seat is docked with the upper mounting seat, the second protective mirror is mounted on the second mirror seat, the second mirror seat is fixed between the lower mounting seat and the upper mounting seat, the sealing member is located between the second protective mirror and the lower mounting seat, and the sealing member seals and connects the second protective mirror and the lower mounting seat.

11. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 10, wherein: The sealing member is a pan-seal, which is located in the second mirror seat. One side of the pan-seal is in contact with the second protective mirror, and the other side is in contact with the top of the lower mounting seat.

12. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 10, further comprising: The air blowing cover plate is arranged in the first sleeve and is located on the side of the flow balancing block away from the nozzle. The side of the air blowing cover plate away from the flow balancing block is provided with a first connecting groove, and the first connecting groove is connected to the air inlet of the first air duct.

13. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 12, wherein the lower mounting seat is provided with a first air inlet and a second air inlet, and a second connecting groove is provided on a side of the lower mounting seat facing the air blowing cover plate, the lower mounting seat is sealed and connected to the air blowing cover plate, the second connecting groove corresponds to the first connecting groove, the first air inlet is connected to the second connecting groove, and the second connecting groove is connected to the first connecting groove, the lower mounting seat is provided with a second connecting groove on a side facing the air blowing cover plate, the second connecting groove corresponds to the first connecting groove, the first air inlet is connected to the second connecting groove, the second connecting groove is connected to the first connecting groove, and the second air inlet is connected to the cooling air duct.

14. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 13, wherein: The current balancing block is cylindrical and is installed in the first sleeve. A mounting hole is provided inside the first sleeve, and the mounting hole is adapted to the current balancing block.

15. The laser cutting nozzle according to claim 14, wherein: The air blowing cover plate is connected to a side of the first sleeve facing away from the nozzle to fix the flow balancing block in the mounting hole.

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