Method for damping impulses on track rollers

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for damping an impulse on a track roller, and to a damping pad according to the invention. In the method, a track roller, which rotates about a vertical axis on a rail, comes into engagement with a damping pad, which is arranged tangentially to the circumference of the track roller and is made of elastic material, when a radially acting impulse occurs. In order to improve the damping of the impulses during the action on the track roller, it is provided that the damping pad engagement surface facing the track roller has recesses and, when an impulse occurs, the damping pad is firstly deformed into a recess.

Description

[0001] (19755.7) Description Method for damping impulses on track rollers. The invention relates to a method for damping impulses on track rollers by means of a damping pad and damping pad. An arrangement for the track guidance of devices and / or machines movable on rails, in which track rollers are used that roll around a vertical axis along a rail, in particular the side surface of a rail head, is known, for example, from DE 102012111320 B3. The track rollers are usually arranged in pairs on both sides of the rail. They are arranged below a base plate. One track roller rests tangentially on one side of the rail. A head plate is arranged opposite the rail, on which a damping pad is arranged towards the track roller.If the rail is not straight or if a lateral offset occurs at the transition from one rail to the next, an impulse is exerted on a track roller that acts perpendicular to the track roller's axis and can damage the track roller. To prevent or at least mitigate such damage, the damping pad engages with its engagement surface facing the track roller as a result of the impact of an impulse. DE 602004000372 T2 discloses a plate suitable for absorbing compression loads. This known arrangement has the disadvantage that impulses cannot be optimally absorbed. The invention is therefore based on the object of improving the damping of the impulses acting on the track roller. This object is achieved with a method according to claim 1 and with a damping pad according to claim 5.The inventive method for dampening an impulse on a track roller, in which a track roller rotates about a vertical axis on a rail, provides that, upon the occurrence of a radially acting impulse, the track roller engages with a damping pad made of elastic material arranged tangentially to the circumference of the track roller. The engagement surface of the damping pad has recesses, and deformation of the damping pad upon the occurrence of an impulse initially occurs into a recess. The recesses enable easier deformation of the engagement surface of the damping pad and thus ensure better, i.e., faster and more extensive dissipation of the impulse energy, so that the track roller is subjected to less stress by lateral or tangential impacts or impulses. This increases the service life of the track roller and prevents damage to the devices or machines guided by the track roller.The deformation of the engagement surface of the damping pad can be elastic or plastic, depending on the intensity of the impulse. In any case, the recesses according to the invention provide space for accommodating material of the damping pad in the immediate vicinity of the track roller. If a plurality of impulses or an extremely large impulse act, a plastic deformation of the engagement surface of the damping pad can occur in the recess. According to the invention, the recesses can be leveled so that the engagement surface of the damping pad, which is originally preferably flat, can subsequently become approximately concave. Alternatively, the damping pad can have a convex engagement surface at the beginning of use, which becomes approximately flat by leveling the recesses. If further and / or stronger impulses act on the damping pad, an edge contour of the damping pad can also deform elastically or plastically.The damping pad according to the invention is made of an elastic material and has an engagement surface provided with a recess. The damping pad is made, for example, of rubber or a synthetic, elastic plastic, e.g., polyamide. It has an engagement surface facing the track roller and designed to absorb impulses acting on the track roller, which rotates along a rail around a vertical axis. This engagement surface is provided, according to the invention, with at least one recess. The recesses are recessed behind the engagement surface. The damping pad usually has a thickness of 5 mm to 50 mm, often between 8 mm and 25 mm. The length and width of the damping pad can be freely selected, depending on the track roller to be damped and the head plate. The length can, for example, be up to 10 cm and the width up to 8 cm.According to an advantageous embodiment, the damping pad has an engagement surface with a closed edge. If the edge or edge contour of the damping pad is closed, i.e., not penetrated by a recess, the damping pad remains intact as a uniform damping pad for a longer period of time, even if the edge contour is deformed. It does not disintegrate. According to a further preferred embodiment, the damping pad has a recess that is circular, oval, or irregularly ring-shaped. More preferably, this ring-shaped recess does not penetrate the edge of the damping pad. Alternatively or additionally, at least one elongated recess can be provided, advantageously a rod-shaped, zigzag, or spiral recess that does not penetrate the edge of the damping pad, e.g., a rod-shaped recess arranged within an annular recess.A damping pad in which at least two recesses are arranged in the engagement surface has proven particularly advantageous. While it is possible, particularly with an irregularly annular recess, to achieve a uniform division or distribution of the recess over the engagement surface, it is equally possible to introduce two or more recesses into the engagement surface. A further advantageous embodiment of the damping pad provides that the recess or recesses are arranged concentrically, for example in a spiral shape or in concentric rings or ovals. The damping pad according to the invention preferably has an engagement surface in which the recesses occupy 10% to 70%, preferably 30% to 50% of the engagement surface. A recess is particularly preferably arranged in the center of the engagement surface. Further advantageously, the damping pad has a thickness that is usually between 3 mm and 30 mm.Furthermore, the recess preferably takes up 10% to 80% of the thickness of the damping pad, advantageously 20% to 80% of the thickness, particularly preferably 25% to 60% of the thickness of the damping pad. Finally, it is preferred that a distance of a recess from an edge of the engagement surface corresponds to at least a quarter to a full width of a recess, advantageously half the width of a recess. Each of the embodiments described above, and in particular a combination of two or more of the embodiments described above, ensures that the engagement surface does not buckle when subjected to an impulse, but rather deforms elastically or plastically in the desired manner in order to deflect load from the respective track roller to be damped. The recess is advantageously rounded or V-shaped in cross-section to avoid notch stresses.The recess can have a variable cross-section along its length, both in terms of the shape of the cross-section and in terms of the width or depth of the recess. This allows the design of the cross-section of the recess to be configured, for example, depending on the expected loads and / or the position in the engagement surface. A rounded or V-shaped recess results in a damping pad that is wider at the base of the recess than in the plane of the engagement surface. This design also prevents the engagement surface from buckling, particularly in conjunction with the features of the damping pad described above. During elastic or plastic deformation, the material of the damping pad initially shifts towards the adjacent recess or fills the recess. The engagement surface of the damping pad is defined by the recess orthrough the recesses so that the recesses do not cause any buckling effects in the engagement surface. This is achieved both by the rounded or V-shaped cross-section of the recesses and by the measures described above. Avoiding buckling effects ensures that a continuous deformation behavior or profile can be set that is tailored to the occurring load cases or impulses. According to the invention, this ensures optimal damping of impulses while simultaneously ensuring a long service life of the damping pad. According to a preferred embodiment, the damping pad is accommodated in a recess in the head plate. The recess is advantageously longer and / or wider than the damping pad, but not as deep as the damping pad. The depth of the recess is preferably approximately 15% to 60% of the thickness of the damping pad, in particular approximately 25% to 35%. Alternatively, the damping pad can be applied to the head plate, e.g.glued. If the damping pad is inserted into a recess in the head plate, it is preferred if the edge of the recess is designed with a radius of at least 1 mm, advantageously up to 3 mm. If the damping pad is elastically or plastically deformed as a result of the acting impulses to such an extent that it comes into contact with the edge of the recess, the rounded edge ensures that the damping pad does not become indented. This prevents the damping pad from splitting and ensures a long service life for the damping pad. The damping pad according to the invention is preferably used in an arrangement for guiding track rollers. There, it dampens, in particular, impulses that act laterally, e.g., through offset rails, on the track rollers rotating about a vertical axis. It is obvious from the above that the various described embodiments of the invention can be freely combined with one another.Details of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying figures. Figure 1 shows a plan view of a schematically illustrated damper according to the invention. fungspad,Fig. 2 shows a section AA through the damping pad according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows a section through a damping pad that is arranged in a head plate. The damping pad 1 is made of elastic plastic, e.g. polyamide. It has, for example, a length of 10 cm and a width of 7 cm. The thickness is, for example, 1.8 cm. The dimensions of the damping pad 1 can be adapted depending on the track roller to be damped. The damping pad 1 has an engagement surface 2 into which an oval annular recess 3 and a rod-shaped recess 4 are machined. The recess 3 can alternatively be circular or irregularly annular. Optionally, a second annular recess can be arranged, e.g. concentric to the recess 3 shown in Fig. 1. The rod-shaped recess 4 is arranged within the oval annular recess 3. The rod-shaped recess 4 can alternatively be shaped, for example, in a wave-like or zigzag-like manner or spirally.None of the recesses 3, 4 penetrate an edge 5 of the damping pad 1. The rod-shaped recess 4 penetrates the center of the engagement surface 2. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the recesses 3, 4 have a semicircular cross-section. They extend over approximately 20% of the thickness of the damping pad 1. Alternatively, recesses that take up 10% to 80% of the thickness of the damping pad would be possible. The recesses 3, 4 have a uniform cross-section. Alternatively, it is possible to incorporate cross-sections of a recess or recesses that vary over the length to adapt to the track roller to be damped or the expected impulses. The spacing of the recess 3 is, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, approximately half the width of the recess. Alternatively, it can also be selected smaller, preferably larger. As can be seen from Fig.1 and Fig.2, the remaining engagement surface 2 is larger than that of the recesses 3, 4.In the present embodiment, the recesses 3, 4 occupy approximately 30% of the surface area of ​​the engagement surface 2. In other designs, they can occupy between 10% and 70% of the surface area of ​​the engagement surface 2. The edge 5 of the damping pad 1 is closed; it is not penetrated by a recess 3, 4. The recess 4 maintains a distance from the edge 5 of the damping pad that corresponds to half the width of the recess 4. The distance can be selected, in particular, between a quarter and a full width of a recess. Fig. 3 shows the damping pad according to Figs. 1 and 2, which is arranged in a head plate 6. The head plate 6 is arranged on a base plate (not shown here) in such a way that the head plate can accommodate the damping pad 1 in such a way that, when impulses occur, it can dampen the track roller (also not shown here), which rotates about a vertical axis that is also arranged on the base plate. The head plate 6 is e.g.b. made of metal. In the embodiment shown here, it has a recess 7. The recess 7 has at least dimensions suitable for accommodating the damping pad 1, wherein in the embodiment shown here, the length and width of the recess 7 are greater than the dimensions of the damping pad 1. The recess 7 extends over approximately 40% of the thickness of the head plate 6. It accommodates approximately 30% of the thickness of the damping pad 1. The edge 8 of the head plate 6 is rounded, here with a radius of 1.5 mm. The inventive method for damping a track roller proceeds as follows: The track roller, which, based on the example in Fig. 3, is arranged to the left of the damping pad 1 and rotates about a vertical axis, rolls along a rail. When changing to a subsequent rail that is not exactly aligned or when the rail is shifted sideways, an impulse is exerted on the track roller that rolls along this or these rails.If left undamped, this would result in the track roller quickly deflecting and being destroyed. However, with the damping according to the invention, the service life of the track roller can be significantly extended. The impulse is transferred from the track roller to the damping pad 1 opposite it or to the pad 1 that contacts the engagement surface 2 when the impulse is applied, and is absorbed and dissipated by the damping pad 1. This occurs because the material of the damping pad 1 initially deforms elastically, from the engagement surface 2 into the recesses 3, 4. The path from the impact of the impulse on the engagement surface 2 to the recess 3, 4 is short, and the above-described inventive design of the damping pad 1, in which more material is present at the base or bottom of the recess 3, 4 than at the engagement surface 2, prevents undesired buckling of the engagement surface 2 when an impulse is dampened.If the impulse to be dampened is so large that plastic deformation of the damping pad 1 occurs during damping, the material of the damping pad 1 is displaced from the engagement surface 2 towards the recesses 3, 4, so that the recesses 3, 4 become flatter or leveled. Accordingly, the engagement surface 2 becomes concave. Furthermore, when damping large impulses, the edge 5 of the damping pad can be displaced outwards, so that the damping pad 1 initially fills the recess 7 and then pushes over the edge 8. In order to keep the damping pad 1 usable for as long as possible even in this deformed state and to optimally ensure damping of occurring impulses for as long as possible, the edge 8 of the recess is preferably rounded so that the edge 5 of the damping pad 1 is not damaged.Table 1 shows a measurement of the damping effect on a damping pad without a recess and on damping pads according to the invention. All damping pads have a height of approximately 10 mm. The damping pads are 100 mm long and 50 mm wide. The damping pads are inserted into a head plate with a 4 mm recess. A 10 mm thick plate is used as the test specimen. The test is carried out by applying a compressive force using a hydraulic press to the plate, which rests against the engagement surface. The spring travel (specified in Table 1 as "travel in mm") is increased by 0.5 mm from test to test, up to a maximum deflection of the spring or track roller of 4 mm in total. The force required to deflect the spring is recorded immediately at the end of the test, before the value can change due to settling loss.It was previously determined for all damping pads that no loss of height of the damping pad was detectable after a single actuation of the spring. All damping pads were initially preloaded three times. The values ​​shown in Table 1 were then determined. Damping pad 2 has four evenly distributed, continuous recesses that extend through the edge of the damping pad. Damping pad 3 has four evenly distributed, parallel recesses that do not extend through the edge of the damping pad. Damping pad 4 has a first, centrally arranged, oval recess, in the center of which is a second, elongated recess that does not extend through the first, outer recess. The recesses all have a width of 7 mm and a depth of 4 mm, with a U-shaped cross-section. The recesses of test specimens 3 and 4 are at least 5 mm away from the edge of the damping pad. eg in mm Kraft in kNNo.1 No.2 No.3 No.40.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.20.5 5.0 4.0 4.0 5.81.0 11.0 10.0 10.0 11.01.5 16.0 15.0 15.5 15.02.0 22.0 20.0 21.0 19.02.5 32.0 26.0 28.0 24.03.0 48.0 37.0 40.0 35.03.5 71.0 56.0 59.0 52.04.0 107.0 85.0 91.0 80.0It can be seen that the damping pad without recesses (test specimen No.1) up to a deflection of the spring of 2 mm allows for approximately linear force absorption; after that, the force absorption increases disproportionately. Damping pads or test specimens 2 to 4, each of which has recesses, exhibit approximately linear force absorption up to a spring deflection of approximately 2.5 mm; after that, these test specimens also exhibit disproportionate force absorption, although this is significantly lower than that of test specimen 1 without recesses. The force absorption of test specimen 4, which has a closed, oval recess and a linear recess within the oval recess, exhibits approximately 25% reduced force absorption at a spring deflection of 4 mm. Test specimen no.3 shows the smallest deviation from the damping pad without the recess. Nevertheless, this value is still 15% lower than that of test specimen 1.

[0002] (19755.7) List of reference symbols 1 Damping pad 2 Engagement surface 3 Oval ring-shaped recess 4 Rod-shaped recess 5 Edge of the damping pad 6 Head plate 7 Recess 8 Kante

Claims

Changed claims entered at the International Bureau on 1 April 2025 (01.04.2025) 5 1. A method for damping an impulse on a guide roller, in which a guide roller that rotates about a vertical axis on a rail, when a radially acting impulse occurs, comes into contact with a damping pad (1) made of elastic material arranged tangentially to the circumference of the guide roller, wherein the engagement surface (2) of the damping pad (1) facing the guide roller has recesses (3, 4) and a deformation of the damping pad (1) when an impulse occurs first takes place into a recess (3, 4). 10 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformation displaces elastic material of the damping pad (i) into the recess (3, 4). 15 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformation 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformation 20 means of elastic material for flattening the recesses (3, 4) are provided. 4 - Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the application of an impulse after flattening the recesses (3, 4) causes deformation of an edge (5) of the damping pad (1). 25 5 - A spur roller designed to rotate about a vertical axis on a rail, with a damping pad (1) made of elastic material arranged tangentially to the circumference of the spur roller, wherein an engagement surface (2) of the damping pad has recesses (3, 4). 30 6. Spur roller according to claim 5, characterized in that the engagement surface (2) has a closed edge (5). CHANGED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 15 7 - Spur roller according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the recess (3, 4) is designed as circular - ring - shaped, ring - shaped oval, irregularly ring - shaped or elongated.

58. The spur gear according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that at least two recesses (3, 4) are arranged in the engagement surface.

9. The spur gear according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the recesses (3, 4) are arranged concentrically. 10 10. The spur gear according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the recesses (3, 4) occupy 10% to 70% of the engagement surface (2).

11. The spur gear according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that 15 the damping pad (1) has a thickness, and the recesses (3, 4) occupy 10% to 80% of the thickness of the damping pad (1).

12. The spur gear according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that a distance of a recess (4) from an edge (5) of the engagement surface 20 corresponds to at least a quarter to a whole width of a recess (4).

13. The spur gear according to any one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the recess (3, 4) has a variable cross-section over its length. 25 14. The spur gear according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that it is inserted into or attached to a head plate.

15. The spur gear according to claim 14, characterized in that the head plate has a 30 depression. CHANGED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)

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