Reformed glass-based articles and method of making the same

Abstract

Curved reformed glass-based articles and methods of producing the same. The reformed glass-based articles can be produced by reforming an oversized preform glass-based sheet and cutting the oversized preform to produce a glass-based article comprising a reformed glass-based sheet comprising a curved shape comprising a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1% and a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1. The maximum rate of curvature is measured along a straight line perpendicular to a peripheral edge of the glass-based sheet and at any point between a first point at the peripheral edge and a second point located on the curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the first point.

Description

Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT REFORMED GLASS-BASED ARTICLES AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Application Serial No.63 / 599,233, filed on November 15, 2023, the content of which is relied upon and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to reforming of glass-based articles for use in variousindustries, for example, consumer electronics, appliances, transportation, architecture, defense, and medicine. In particular, the present disclosure relates to cutting oversized reformed glass-based sheets to produce reformed glass-based articles, for example, automotive windshields. BACKGROUND

[0003] Increasingly, many products include a three-dimensional (3D) glass-based article.Some examples of products including a 3D glass-based article are curved LCD or LED TV screens, smart phones, windows, and windshields. Innovations in the shape of products brings new challenges to the manufacturing processes for 3D parts, and in particular 3D parts that are made of glass, which should have excellent optical properties.

[0004] Therefore, a continuing need exists for methods of manufacturing 3D articles, andin particular 3D glass-based articles, having complex shapes and minimal optical distortion. BRIEF SUMMARY

[0005] One embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to a reformed glass-basedarticle, comprising: a reformed glass-based sheet comprising a curved shape defined by a first curved surface and a second curved surface, wherein: the curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the curve shaped has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1at any point between a first point and a second point, wherein: the first point is at a peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based sheet; the second point is located on the curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the first point; and a first line drawn from the first point to the second point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the first point is located.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0006] Another embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to a method for producinga reformed glass-based article, the method comprising: cutting a glass-based sheet to produce an oversized preform glass-based sheet; forming the oversized preform glass-based sheet to produce an oversized preform glass-based sheet comprising a curved oversized region formed within a cavity of a reforming apparatus; and cutting the curved oversized region to produce the reformed glass-based article, wherein the reformed glass-based article comprises: a reformed glass-based sheet comprising a first curved shape defined by a first curved surface and a second curved surface, wherein: the first curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the first curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a first point and a second point, wherein: the first point is at a peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based sheet; the second point is located on the curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the first point; and a first line drawn from the first point to the second point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the first point is located. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] The accompanying figures, which are incorporated herein, form part of thespecification and illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure. Together with the description, the figures further serve to explain the principles of and to enable a person skilled in the relevant art(s) to make and use the disclosed embodiments. These figures are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Although the disclosure is generally described in the context of these embodiments, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure to these particular embodiments. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar elements.

[0008] FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method according to embodiments.

[0009] FIG. 2 shows a glass-based sheet according to embodiments.

[0010] FIG. 3 shows a reforming apparatus and an oversized preform glass-based sheetaccording to embodiments.

[0011] FIG. 4 shows a reformed glass-based sheet and excess glass according toembodiments.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0012] FIG. 5 shows cross-sectional view of a portion an oversized preform glass-basedsheet on a reforming apparatus along line 5 – 5’ in FIG.3 according to embodiments.

[0013] FIG. 6 shows a reformed glass-based sheet according to embodiments.

[0014] FIG. 7 shows a reformed glass-based article comprising two reformed glass-basedsheets joined at their peripheral edges according to embodiments.

[0015] FIG. 8 shows a laminated glass-based article according to embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following embodiments are illustrative, but not limiting, of the presentdisclosure. Other suitable modifications and adaptations of the variety of conditions and parameters normally encountered in the field, and which would be apparent to those skilled in the art, are within the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

[0017] As used herein, the term “glass-based” is meant to include any material made atleast partially of glass, including glass and glass-ceramics. “Glass-ceramics” include materials produced through controlled crystallization of glass. One or more nucleating agents, for example, titanium oxide (TiO2), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), sodium oxide (Na2O), and phosphorus oxide (P2O5) may be added to a glass-ceramic composition to facilitate homogenous crystallization. In embodiments, a glass-based article or sheet can exhibit an amorphous microstructure and can be substantially free of crystals or crystallites. In other words, the glass-based article or sheet in these embodiments exclude glass-ceramic materials. In other embodiments, a glass-based article or sheet can be a glass-ceramic article or sheet.

[0018] As used herein, the terms “non-developable curvature” or “non-zero Gaussiancurvature” mean a curvature with crossed radii that cannot be formed with a sheet of paper by bending without also stretching, tearing, or wrinkling the paper. Exemplary non-developable curvatures comprise, but are not limited to, spherical curvatures, spheroid curvatures, partially spheroid curvatures, and three-dimensional saddle curvatures. A “developable curvature” or a “zero Gaussian curvature” means a curvature that can be formed with a sheet of paper by bending alone. Exemplary developable curvatures comprise, but are not limited to, cylindrical and conical curvatures.

[0019] As used herein, “disposed on” means that a first component is in direct contact witha second component. In other words, if a first component is disposed on a second component, thereAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT are no components disposed between the first component and the second component. If a first component is described as “disposed over” a second component, other components may or may not be present between the first component and the second component. A first component described as “disposed on” or “disposed over” a second component does not imply that the first component and the second component were assembled in any particular order. Unless specified otherwise, the first component and the second component can be assembled in any order.

[0020] As used herein, two components (for example, two glass-based sheets) describedas “bonded to” each other means the first component and second component are bonded to each other either directly or indirectly via an adhesive or bonding layer. As used herein, two components (for example, two glass-based sheets) described as “directly bonded to” each other means the first component and second component are directly bonded to each other via an adhesive or bonding layer with no other intermediate layer between the two components.

[0021] Curved three-dimensional (3D) reformed glass-based articles, such as automobilewindshields, sidelights, and roofs, can be produced by forming a two-dimensional (2D) glass- based sheet using variety of forming methods, such as sagging, pressing, and roller bending, depending on their design complexity and target application. Because of the shape change from 2D to 3D when forming the glass-based sheet into the reformed glass-based article, and the variability induced by the forming methods, reformed glass-based articles obtained can demonstrate edge effects, e.g., distortion in reflection or size variability. As a result, undesirable optical defects may be visible to the naked eye at the edges of the reformed glass-based article. In some cases, such optical defects preclude the integration of multiple reformed glass-based articles to produce a “seamless” structure without any optical distortion at the interfaces of the reformed glass-based articles.

[0022] Methods according to embodiments described reduce or eliminate the problem ofoptical distortion at the edges of reformed glass-based articles by first forming an oversized preform glass-based sheet and subsequently extracting the reformed glass-based article from the oversized preform glass-based sheet by cutting the oversized preform glass-based sheet. In embodiments, the cutting can comprise laser cutting. The forming and cutting steps according to embodiments are designed to remove areas of the oversized preform glass-based sheet having a high rate of curvature that can cause undesirable optical distortion, resulting in a reformed glass- based article having little or no optical distortion at its edges.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0023] FIG. 1 shows the steps of a method of producing a reformed glass-based articleaccording to embodiments. Unless stated otherwise, the steps of the method need not be performed in the order set forth herein. Additionally, unless specified otherwise, the steps need not be performed sequentially. The steps can be performed in a different order or simultaneously.

[0024] In step 100, an oversized preform glass-based sheet 202 can be cut from a glass-based sheet 200 by cutting along defined perimeter 201, as illustrated in FIG.2. Glass-based sheet 200 may comprise any material made at least partially of glass, including glass and glass-ceramics.

[0025] In step 101, oversized preform glass-based sheet 202 can be formed into a curvedshape using reforming apparatus 300, as illustrated in FIG.3. Reforming apparatus 300 can be any apparatus useful in reforming a glass-based sheet, e.g., preform glass-based sheet 202, to produce a glass-based sheet having a curved shape. In embodiments, reforming apparatus 300 can bend a glass-based sheet, e.g., preform glass-based sheet 202, by sagging. In embodiments, the sagging can be gravity sagging. In embodiments, reforming apparatus 300 can be a vacuum-forming apparatus that bend a glass-based sheet, e.g., preform glass-based sheet 202, by applying vacuum pressure. In embodiments, reforming apparatus 300 can be an apparatus disclosed in WO 2022 / 231933 or WO 2021 / 086566, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. In any case, reforming apparatus 300 can comprise a perimeter 310 surrounding a cavity 301, into which the glass-based sheet 202 is reformed.

[0026] In step 102, oversized preform glass-based sheet 202 can be cut along definedperimeter 302, as shown in FIG.3, to produce reformed a glass-based article 407 comprising one or more reformed glass-based sheets 303. Excess glass 304 around perimeter 302 can be removed from a glass-based sheet, as shown in FIG.4. In embodiments, step 102 can comprise laser cutting along the defined perimeter. In embodiments, the laser cutting can be performed as described in WO 2019 / 125969 A1 or US Pat. No.9,815,370, which are both hereby incorporated by reference.

[0027] In embodiments, the perimeter 302 is selected such that after cutting, resultingreformed glass-based sheet 303 has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a first point, e.g., point 401, located anywhere on peripheral edge 400 of reformed glass-based sheet 303, and a second point, e.g., point 402, located anywhere on curved surface 404 of reformed glass-based sheet 303. In such embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature is measured along a line, e.g., line 403, drawn from first point 401 to second point 402, and perpendicular to peripheral edge 400. Peripheral edge 400 refers to all edges of reformedAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT glass-based sheet 303, e.g., all four edges of a reformed glass-based sheet 303 having a quadrilateral shape. In embodiments, glass-based sheet 303 can have a plurality of distinct edge separated by sharp or rounded corners. In embodiments, glass-based sheet 303 can have a continuous peripheral edge, e.g., for a circular or elliptical glass-based sheet.

[0028] In embodiments, devices using phase shifting deflectometry (PSD) may be used tomeasure a rate of curvature. Such devices can operate by broadcasting a dynamic sinusoidal pattern on a screen. The reflected pattern is distorted by the curved surface being analyzed, e.g., curved surface 404 of reformed glass-based sheet 303. This information is digitized by camera, and an algorithm is used to determine the deformation that produced the deformed pattern.

[0029] FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of oversized preform glass-based sheet 202 onperimeter 310 of reforming apparatus 300 along line 5 – 5’ in FIG. 3. Oversized preform glass- based sheet 202 has an oversize dimension 500 defined as the distance from perimeter edge 501 of oversized preform glass-based sheet 202 to the perimeter 302 at which the oversized preform glass-based sheet is to be cut to produce reformed glass-based sheet 303. Oversized preform glass- based sheet 202 also has a second oversize dimension 502 defined as the distance from perimeter 310 of reforming apparatus 300 to the perimeter 302 at which the oversized preform glass-based sheet is to be cut to produce reformed glass-based sheet 303. In embodiments, oversize dimension 500 and / or second oversize dimension 502 may be selected based on the size and / or the maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of glass-based sheet 200 and / or oversized preform glass-based sheet 202. In embodiments, oversize dimension 500 and / or second oversize dimension 502 may vary depending on the desired application of final reformed glass-based article 407. In embodiments, oversize dimension 500 can range from greater than or equal to 20 mm to less than or equal to 40 mm. In embodiments, oversize dimension 502 can range from greater than or equal to 5 mm to less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0030] In embodiments, reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a maximum rate ofcurvature of less than less than 0.05 m-1or less than 0.025 m-1when measured at any point between first point 401 and second point 402 and along line 403.

[0031] In embodiments, the distance between first point 401 and second point 402, e.g.,the length of line 403, can range from 50 mm to 100 mm. In embodiments, the distance between first point 401 and second point 402, e.g., the length of line 403, can range from 50 mm to 60 mm, from 50 mm to 70 mm, from 50 mm to 80 mm, from 50 mm to 90 mm, from 50 mm to 120 mm,Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT from 50 mm to 140 mm, from 50 mm to 160 mm, from 50 mm to 180 mm, from 50 mm to 200 mm, from 60 mm to 70 mm, from 60 mm to 80 mm, from 60 mm to 90 mm, from 60 mm to 100 mm, from 60 mm to 120 mm, from 60 mm to 140 mm, from 60 mm to 160 mm, from 60 mm to 180 mm, from 60 mm to 200 mm, from 70 mm to 80 mm, from 70 mm to 90 mm, from 70 mm to 100 mm, from 70 mm to 120 mm, from 70 mm to 140 mm, from 70 mm to 160 mm, from 70 mm to 180 mm, from 70 mm to 200 mm, from 80 mm to 90 mm, from 80 mm to 100 mm, from 80 mm to 120 mm, from 80 mm to 140 mm, from 80 mm to 160 mm, from 80 mm to 180 mm, from 80 mm to 200 mm, from 90 mm to 100 mm, from 90 mm to 120 mm, from 90 mm to 140 mm, from 90 mm to 160 mm, from 90 mm to 180 mm, from 90 mm to 200 mm, from 100 mm to 120 mm, from 100 mm to 140 mm, from 100 mm to 160 mm, from 100 mm to 180 mm, from 100 mm to 200 mm, from 120 mm to 140 mm, from 120 mm to 160 mm, from 120 mm to 180 mm, from 120 mm to 200 mm, from 140 mm to 160 mm, from 140 mm to 180 mm, from 140 mm to 200 mm, from 160 mm to 180 mm, from 160 mm to 200 mm, or from 180 mm to 200 mm. The preceding ranges may be for relatively large glass articles (e.g., windshields, side windows, or roofs for vehicular applications.

[0032] In embodiments, for smaller glass articles, such cover glass for displays or mobileconsumer electronics devices), the distance between first point 401 and second point 402, e.g., the length of line 403, can range from 5 mm to 50 mm. In embodiments, the distance between first point 401 and second point 402, e.g., the length of line 403, can range from 5 mm to 10 mm, from 5 mm to 15 mm, from 5 mm to 20 mm, from 5 mm to 25 mm, from 5 mm to 30 mm, from 5 mm to 35 mm, from 5 mm to 40 mm, from 5 mm to 45 mm, from 10 mm to 15 mm, from 10 mm to 20 mm, from 10 mm to 25 mm, from 10 mm to 30 mm, from 10 mm to 35 mm, from 10 mm to 40 mm, from 10 mm to 45 mm, from 10 mm to 50 mm, from 15 mm to 20 mm, from 15 mm to 25 mm, from 15 mm to 30 mm, from 15 mm to 35 mm, from 15 mm to 40 mm, from 15 mm to 45 mm, from 15 mm to 50 mm, from 20 mm to 25 mm, from 20 mm to 30 mm, from 20 mm to 35 mm, from 20 mm to 40 mm, from 20 mm to 45 mm, from 20 mm to 50 mm, from 25 mm to 30 mm, from 25 mm to 35 mm, from 25 mm to 40 mm, from 25 mm to 45 mm, from 25 mm to 50 mm, from 30 mm to 35 mm, from 30 mm to 40 mm, from 30 mm to 45 mm, from 30 mm to 50 mm, from 35 mm to 40 mm, from 35 mm to 45 mm, from 35 mm to 50 mm, from 40 mm to 45 mm, from 40 mm to 50 mm, or from 45 mm to 50 mm.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0033] In embodiments, reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a maximum rate ofcurvature, when measured at any point between first point 401 and second point 402 along line 403, of from 0.025 m-1to less than 0.05 m-1, from 0.025 m-1to 0.075 m-1, from 0.025 m-1to 0.1 m-1, from 0.025 m-1to 0.25 m-1, from 0.025 m-1to less than 0.5 m-1, from 0.05 m-1to 0.075 m-1, from 0.05 m-1to 0.1 m-1, from 0.05 m-1to 0.25 m-1, from 0.05 m-1to less than 0.5 m-1, from 0.075 m-1to 0.1 m-1, from 0.075 m-1to 0.25 m-1, from 0.075 m-1to less than 0.5 m-1, from 0.1 m-1to 0.25 m-1, from 0.1 m-1to less than 0.5 m-1, or from 0.25 m-1to less than 0.5 m-1.

[0034] In embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature can be measured at multiple pointsabout peripheral edge 400 of reformed glass-based sheet 303. In embodiments, first point 401, second point 402, and line 403 can be selected anywhere on peripheral edge 400 of reformed glass- based sheet 303, e.g., on a first edge, a second edge, a third edge, and / or a fourth edge. In embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature can be measured any number of different points, e.g., one point, two points, three points, four points, or five points. In embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature can be measured by selecting first point 401 at a first point on a first edge of peripheral edge 400, a second point on a second edge of peripheral edge 400, a third point on a third edge of peripheral edge 400, and a fourth point on a fourth edge of peripheral edge 400, and drawing each second point 402 and line 403 based on the position of each first point 401. In embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature measured at any and all of the multiple points for a glass-based sheet 303 can be less than less than 0.05 m-1, less than 0.025 m-1, or within any of the ranges described above. In embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature measured at all points along the entire peripheral edge 400 of a glass-based sheet 303 can be less than less than 0.05 m-1, less than 0.025 m-1, or within any of the ranges described above.

[0035] In embodiments, the perimeter 302 can be selected such that after cutting, resultingexcess glass 304 has a maximum rate of curvature of greater than or equal to 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between an internal edge 405 where excess glass 304 was cut at perimeter 302 and a peripheral edge 406 surrounding internal edge 405. As such, the methods and processes described herein can aid in providing an article with relatively low rates of curvature proximate to the edges thereof even when the articles are cut from preforms having relatively large rates of curvature. This aspect allows the surfaces of the articles to have a wide variety of shapes while still exhibiting optically smooth peripheries. Such smooth peripheries facilitate combining glassAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT articles formed via the methods described herein with other glass articles to form optically smooth interfaces, as described in greater detail herein.

[0036] In embodiments, excess glass 304 can have a maximum rate of curvature of greaterthan or equal to 0.6 m-1, greater than or equal to 0.7 m-1, greater than or equal to 0.8 m-1, greater than or equal to 0.9 m-1, greater than or equal to 1 m-1, greater than or equal to 1.25 m-1, greater than or equal to 1.5 m-1, greater than or equal to 1.75 m-1, greater than or equal to 2 m-1, greater than or equal to 2.5 m-1, greater than or equal to 3 m-1, greater than or equal to 3.5 m-1, greater than or equal to 4 m-1, greater than or equal to 4.5 m-1, or greater than or equal to 5 m-1, when measured at any point between peripheral edge 405 and interior edge 406.

[0037] In embodiments, excess glass 304 has a maximum rate of curvature of from 0.5 m-1to 0.75 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 1 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 1.5 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 2 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 2.5 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 3 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 3.5 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 4 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 0.5 m-1to 5 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 1 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 1.5 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 2 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 2.5 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 3 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 3.5 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 4 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 0.75 m-1to 5 m-1, from 1 m-1to 1.5 m-1, from 1 m-1to 2 m-1, from 1 m-1to 2.5 m-1, from 1 m-1to 3 m-1, from 1 m-1to 3.5 m-1, from 1 m-1to 4 m-1, from 1 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 1 m-1to 5 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 1.5 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 2 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 2.5 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 3 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 3.5 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 4 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 1.5 m-1to 5 m-1, from 2 m-1to 2.5 m-1, from 2 m-1to 3 m-1, from 2 m-1to 3.5 m-1, from 2 m-1to 4 m-1, from 2 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 2 m-1to 5 m-1, from 2.5 m-1to 3 m-1, from 2.5 m-1to 3.5 m-1, from 2.5 m-1to 4 m-1, from 2.5 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 2.5 m-1to 5 m-1, from 3 m-1to 3.5 m-1, from 3 m-1to 4 m-1, from 3 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 3 m-1to 5 m-1, from 3.5 m-1to 4 m-1, from 3.5 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 3.5 m-1to 5 m-1, from 4 m-1to 4.5 m-1, from 4 m-1to 5 m-1, or from 4.5 m-1to 5 m-1, when measured at any point between peripheral edge 405 and interior edge 406.

[0038] In step 103, peripheral edge 400 of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can be groundusing an edge grinding technique. In some embodiments, peripheral edge 400 can be ground with a CNC (computer numerical control) grinding robot.

[0039] In step 104, peripheral edge 400 of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can bestrengthened with an edge strengthening technique. For example, peripheral edge 400 can beAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT chemically or thermally strengthened. In embodiments, peripheral edge 400 can chemically strengthened using an ion-exchange process.

[0040] In step 105, a plurality of reformed glass-based sheets 303 according toembodiments can be laminated to form reformed glass-based article 407 comprising a plurality of layers. In such embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 may comprise a first reformed glass-based sheet 303a and a second reformed glass-based sheet 303b laminated together with an adhesive 802, as illustrated in FIG. 8. In embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 can comprise more than two glass-based articles laminated together.

[0041] After reforming according to embodiments described herein, reformed glass-basedsheet 303 can have a desired shape. FIG.6 shows a cross-sectional view of a reformed glass-based sheet 303 according to embodiments. Reformed glass-based sheet 303 comprises a non- developable curved shape defined by a first curved surface 601 and a second curved surface 602. In embodiments, first curved surface 601 can be curved surface 404 illustrated in FIG. 4. In embodiments, second curved surface 602 can be curved surface 404 illustrated in FIG.4.

[0042] FIG. 6 shows reformed glass-based sheet 303 and an imaginary surface 600,according to an example embodiment. In embodiments, the imaginary surface 600 represents an imaginary plane that points contained in an imaginary central surface 607 defined by the reformed glass-based sheet 303 can be displaced into, as signified by the arrows 605, during a simulation to determine a complexity of the curved shape of the reformed glass-based sheet 303.

[0043] As shown, the reformed glass-based sheet 303 comprises the first curved surface601, the second curved surface 602, and a thickness 603 extending between the first curved surface 601 and the second curved surface 602. In embodiments, the first curved surface 601 and the second curved surface 602 define a non-developable curved shape of the reformed glass-based sheet 303. In embodiments, the thickness 603 represents a distance between the first curved surface 601 and the second curved surface 602 along a direction 604 extending perpendicular to the first curved surface 601. As will be appreciated, the direction 604 in which the thickness 603 is measured can vary as a function of position on the first curved surface 601 given the non- developable curved shape. In embodiments, the thickness 603 can correspond to a minimum distance from the first curved surface 601 to the second curved surface 602, as measured from a particular point on the first curved surface 601.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0044] In embodiments, thickness 603 can range from 0.25 millimeters to 4 millimeters,from 0.5 millimeters to 4 millimeters, from 0.7 millimeters to 4 millimeters, from 1 millimeter to 4 millimeters, from 2 millimeters to 4 millimeters, or within a range having any two of these values as endpoints. In embodiments, thickness 603 can range from 0.1 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.2 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.3 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.4 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.5 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.6 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.7 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.8 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.9 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters, from 1.1 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 1.2 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 1.4 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 1.5 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 1.6 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 1.8 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 2 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 2.1 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 2.5 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 3 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 4 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 5 millimeters to 10 millimeters, from 0.1 millimeters to 9 millimeters, from 0.1 millimeters to 8 millimeters, from 0.1 millimeters to 7 millimeters, from 0.1 millimeters to 6.5 millimeters, from 0.1 millimeters to 6 millimeters, from 0.1 millimeters to 5 millimeters, from 0.1 millimeters to 4 millimeters, from 0.5 millimeters to 4 millimeters, from 0.7 millimeters to 4 millimeters, from 0.7 millimeters to 3.5 millimeters, from 0.7 millimeters to 3 millimeters, from 0.7 millimeters to 2.5 millimeters, or from 0.7 millimeters to 2 millimeters, or within a range having any two of these values as endpoints.

[0045] The value obtained when measuring the thickness 603 can vary depending on thelocation on the first curved surface 601.

[0046] In embodiments, the first curved surface 601 and / or the second curved surface 602can have a surface area of 10,000 mm2or more, 20,000 mm2or more, 30,000 mm2or more, or 60,000 mm2or more. In embodiments, the first curved surface 601 and / or the second curved surface 602 can have a surface area ranging from 10,000 mm2to 6 mm2, from 20,000 mm2to 6 mm2, from 30,000 mm2to 6 mm2, or from 60,000 mm2to 6 mm2.

[0047] In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined byfirst curved surface 601 and second curved surface 602 can have a thickness uniformity of + / - x microns (micrometers, µm) per 100 mm. A thickness uniformity of + / - x microns per 100 mm means that the maximum thickness variation of reformed glass-based sheet 303 is no more than x microns along a curved surface portion measuring 100 millimeters in length. In embodiments, theAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined by the convex surface and the concave surface can have a thickness uniformity of + / - 50 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined by the convex surface and the concave surface can have a thickness uniformity of + / - 25 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined by the convex surface and the concave surface can have a thickness uniformity of + / - 75 microns per 100 mm.

[0048] In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined byfirst curved surface 601 and second curved surface 602 can have a convex surface area of 60,000 mm2or more and a thickness uniformity of + / - 25 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 8 m2(meters squared) and a thickness uniformity of + / - 25 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 6 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 25 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 3 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 25 microns per 100 mm.

[0049] In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined byfirst curved surface 601 and second curved surface 602 can have a convex surface area of 60,000 mm2or more and a thickness uniformity of + / - 50 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 8 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 50 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 6 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 50 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 3 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 50 microns per 100 mm.

[0050] In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined byfirst curved surface 601 and second curved surface 602 can have a convex surface area of 60,000 mm2or more and a thickness uniformity of + / - 75 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 8 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 75 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 6 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 75 microns per 100 mm. In embodiments,Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have a convex surface area ranging from 60,000 mm2to 3 m2and a thickness uniformity of + / - 75 microns per 100 mm.

[0051] In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 defined byfirst curved surface 601 and second curved surface 602 can have an optical power distortion measured through thickness 603 below 300 millidiopters in absolute value. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have an optical power distortion measured through thickness 603 ranging from 20 millidiopters to 300 millidiopters (in absolute value). In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have an optical power distortion measured through thickness 603 ranging from 50 millidiopters to 300 millidiopters (in absolute value). In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have an optical power distortion measured through thickness 603 ranging from 100 millidiopters to 300 millidiopters (in absolute value). The optical power distortion of the curved shape can be measured in accordance with DIN 52305:1995 (“Determining the optical distortion and refractive power of safety glazing material for road vehicles”).

[0052] In embodiments, the non-developable curved shape defined by the first curvedsurface 601 and the second curved surface 602 comprises a maximum compressive strain shape parameter, defined by the imaginary central surface 607 of the reformed glass-based sheet 303 and the imaginary surface 600. The maximum compressive strain shape parameter represents a complexity of the shape into which the processes described herein are capable of reforming flat glass-based sheets without introducing wrinkling or other significant thickness deviations. The maximum compressive strain shape parameter is primarily a function of the Gaussian curvature associated with the imaginary central surface 607 and the dimensions thereof (e.g., a length and a width in an assigned coordinate system). The thickness of the glass has a minor effect on the maximum compressive strain shape parameter, but the effect is negligible.

[0053] The maximum compressive strain shape parameter can be computed by simulatingthe imaginary central surface 607 as an imaginary glass-based sheet. The properties of the imaginary glass-based sheet can be independent of the properties of the actual reformed glass- based sheet 303 (physically produced via the methods described herein). In an example, the imaginary glass-based sheet has a thickness of 0.7 mm, a Young’s modulus of 71.7 GPa, and a Poisson’s ratio of 0.21, and a density of 2440 kg / m3. The imaginary glass-based sheet is discretized into trilateral or quadrilateral shell elements (or a combination thereof) associated with aAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT commercially available finite element analyzer. In embodiments, ANSYS® MECHANICAL™ is used to compute the maximum compressive strain shape parameter, with the imaginary central surface 607 being discretized using SHELL181 elements (avoiding use of the degenerate triangular option, except when used as a filler in mesh generation). Particularly, a simulation is conducted of the strains that would be present in the imaginary glass-based sheet when the imaginary glass- based sheet (initially having the shape of the imaginary central surface 607) is flattened to have the planar shape of the imaginary surface 600. A command script is used to assign boundary conditions associated with the nodal displacements of the simulation (e.g., to define the imaginary surface 600 for flattening the imaginary glass-based sheet). The boundary conditions can also prevent rigid body motion of the imaginary glass-based sheet (e.g., by assigning the imaginary surface 600 to be tangent to a portion of the imaginary central surface 607). Nodes associated with each shell element are displaced along the arrows 605 until the nodes are each located on the imaginary surface 600 (e.g., the z-coordinates of each of the nodes are zeroed out in the coordinate system established by the boundary conditions, without the x or y coordinates of each node changing, such that the length and width of the simulated flattened glass sheet is the same as that of the initial reformed glass-based sheet 303 being simulated). The finite element analysis is carried out using the implicit method, including nonlinear analysis. The maximum value of the major principle strain is the maximum compressive strain shape parameter described herein. The mesh size associated with the shell elements is less than or equal to 0.5 mm to ensure a convergent solution.

[0054] The imaginary central surface 607 is a surface representing a central plane of thereformed glass-based sheet 303. Each point on the imaginary central surface 607 is equidistant from the first curved surface 601 and the second curved surface 602 along a direction extending perpendicular to the imaginary central surface 607 at that point.

[0055] In embodiments, the maximum compressive strain shape parameter associated withthe reformed glass-based sheet 303 can be approximated using the following equation when the glass-based article has a periphery that is substantially parallelepiped shaped (or in cases where a majority of the periphery of the glass-based article has a radius of curvature of greater than 10 m): ^^^^^^^^ = 0.0725 ∗ ^^ ∗ ^1.0667− 10.9477 ∗ ^^−3.^^ ^^ 3572∗ ^^ ^ ∗ ^^2 (1)where k is an average Gaussian curvature of the imaginary central surface 607, 1 is a length of a flat glass-based sheet that the imaginary glass-based sheet is simulated to be flattened into, and wAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT is a width of the flat glass-based sheet (units of each constant are such that the result is in units of mm / m, which can be converted to a percent by dividing the numerical mm / m result by 10). When the glass-based article comprises a substantially circular (or where a majority of the periphery of the glass-based article has a radius of curvature of less than 10 m), the maximum compressive strain shape parameter can be approximated mathematically based on the following relationship: ^^^^^^^^^^ = 0.0354 ∗ ^^ ∗ ^^2 (2)where D is the diameter of the circular glass plate that the imaginary glass-based sheet is flattened into. Units associated with the constants in equations (1) and (2) are set such that the output of equations (1) and (2) are in the units of mm / m (which can be converted to a percent by dividing the output by 10).

[0056] In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have anoptical power distortion measured through the thickness 603 below 300 millidiopters in absolute value. In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have an optical power distortion measured through the thickness 603 ranging from 20 millidiopters to 300 millidiopters (in absolute value). In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have an optical power distortion measured through the thickness 603 ranging from 50 millidiopters to 300 millidiopters (in absolute value). In embodiments, the curved shape of reformed glass-based sheet 303 can have an optical power distortion measured through the thickness 603 ranging from 100 millidiopters to 300 millidiopters (in absolute value). The optical power distortion of the curved shape can be measured in accordance with DIN 52305:1995 (“Determining the optical distortion and refractive power of safety glazing material for road vehicles”).

[0057] As will be appreciated, the reformed glass-based article 407, which comprises oneor more reformed glass-based sheets 303, can have a variety of shapes and the particular form of reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet(s) 303 is not particularly limited. For example, in embodiments, an outer peripheral shape of the reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet 303 can comprise a length (L) extending in a first direction extending parallel to the imaginary surface 600 and a width (W) extending in a second direction parallel to the imaginary surface 600 and perpendicular to the first direction. The length (L) and width (W) can represent the maximum dimensions of the reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet(s) 303 in the first and second directions, respectively. InAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT embodiments, an outer peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet(s) 303 can be substantially parallelepiped (e.g., rectangular) shaped. In embodiments, the outer peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet(s) 303 can be substantially circular-shaped (e.g., such that a majority of the peripheral edge possesses radius of curvature of less than 10 m) and comprise a diameter (D) representing a maximum distance between two points on the outer peripheral edge.

[0058] In embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-basedsheet(s) 303 can have a shape appropriate for use as a vehicular windshield. In such embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet(s) 303 can be, or can be incorporated into a windshield for a vehicle. In embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet(s) 303 can have a shape appropriate for use as a cover glass for a curved LCD or LED TV screen. In such embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass-based sheet(s) 303 can be, or can be incorporated into a cover glass for a curved LCD or LED TV screen. In embodiments, can have a shape appropriate for use as cover glass for a smart phone. In such embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 and / or reformed glass- based sheet(s) 303 can be, or can be incorporated into a cover glass for a smart phone.

[0059] In embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 can comprise a plurality of thereformed glass-based sheets 303 according to embodiments described herein, wherein the reformed glass-based sheets 303 are joined at their peripheral edges. FIG.7 shows reformed glass based-article 407 comprising a first reformed glass-based sheet 303a having peripheral edge 702 and a second reformed glass-based sheet 303b having peripheral edge 704. Peripheral edge 702 of first reformed glass-based sheet can be joined to peripheral edge 704 of second reformed glass- based sheet 303b. In embodiments, peripheral edge 702 can be joined to peripheral edge 704 by an adhesive. In embodiments, peripheral edge 702 can be joined to peripheral edge 704 by a frame structure.

[0060] In embodiments, first reformed glass-based sheet 303a and second reformed glass-based sheet 303b can have the properties described for reformed glass-based sheet 303 above. In embodiments, first reformed glass-based sheet 303a can have a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a first point, e.g., point 705a, located anywhere on peripheral edge 702 of first reformed glass-based sheet 303a, and a second point, e.g., point 705a, located anywhere on curved surface 708a of first reformed glass-based sheet 303a. In suchAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature is measured along a line, e.g., line 707a, drawn from first point 705a to second point 706a, and perpendicular to peripheral edge 702. Similarly, in embodiments, second reformed glass-based sheet 303b can have a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a first point, e.g., point 705b, located anywhere on peripheral edge 704 of second reformed glass-based sheet 303b, and a second point, e.g., point 705b, located anywhere on curved surface 708b of second reformed glass-based sheet 303b. In such embodiments, the maximum rate of curvature is measured along a line, e.g., line 707b, drawn from first point 705b to second point 706b, and perpendicular to peripheral edge 704. Measurement of the maximum rate of curvature of first reformed glass-based sheet 303a and second reformed glass-based sheet 303b using the points described above can be performed in the same manner as described above for reformed glass-based sheet 303, e.g., the same measurement techniques may be used, and points / lines 705a, 706a, 707a, 705b, 706b, and 707b may be drawn analogously to points / lines 401, 402, and 403.

[0061] In embodiments, when reformed glass-based article 407 comprises a plurality ofglass-based sheets 303, e.g., first glass-based sheet 303a and second glass-based sheet 303b, first point 705a on peripheral edge 702 of first glass-based sheet 303a can be joined to first point 705b on peripheral edge 704 of second glass-based sheet 303b, as shown in FIG.7.

[0062] In embodiments, when reformed glass-based article 407 comprises a plurality ofglass-based sheets 303, e.g., first glass-based sheet 303a and second glass-based sheet 303b, peripheral edge 702 of first glass-based sheet 303a can be bonded to peripheral edge 704 of second glass-based sheet 303b with an adhesive. In embodiments, when reformed glass-based article 407 comprises a plurality of glass-based sheets 303, e.g., first glass-based sheet 303a and second glass- based sheet 303b, peripheral edge 702 of first glass-based sheet 303a can be directly bonded to peripheral edge 704 of second glass-based sheet 303b with an adhesive.

[0063] In embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 comprising a plurality of glass-based sheets 303, each of the reformed glass-based sheets may be cut from different glass-based sheets 200 and separately reformed using the methods described herein. In embodiments, reformed glass-based article 407 comprises first glass-based sheet 303a and second glass-based sheet 303b, wherein first glass-based sheet 303a and second glass-based sheet 303b are each cut from different glass-based sheets 200.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0064] In embodiments, the optical reflection where peripheral edge 702 of first reformedglass-based sheet 303a is joined to peripheral edge 704 of second reformed glass-based sheet 303b is substantially continuous. In embodiments, the difference between a rate of curvature at first point 705a on peripheral edge 702 of first glass-based sheet 303a and a rate of curvature at first point 705b on peripheral edge 704 of second glass-based sheet 303b is less than 0.2 m-1.

[0065] Embodiments of the present disclosure may be further understood in view of thefollowing aspects:

[0066] An aspect (1) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass-based article,comprising: a reformed glass-based sheet comprising a curved shape defined by a first curved surface and a second curved surface, wherein: the curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the curve shaped has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1at any point between a first point and a second point, wherein: the first point is at a peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based sheet; the second point is located on the curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the first point; and a first line drawn from the first point to the second point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the first point is located.

[0067] An aspect (2) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto the aspect (1), wherein the curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.2 m-1at any point between the first point and the second point.

[0068] An aspect (3) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto the aspect (1) or the aspect (2), wherein the reformed glass-based article comprises a plurality of laminated reformed glass-based sheets.

[0069] An aspect (4) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto any of the aspects (1)-(3), wherein the reformed glass-based sheet is a first reformed glass-based sheet and the article comprises a second reformed glass-based sheet joined to the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet.

[0070] An aspect (5) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto the aspect (4), wherein the second reformed glass-based sheet comprises: a second curved shape defined by a third curved surface and a fourth curved surface, wherein: the second curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the second curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measuredAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT at any point between a third point and a fourth point, wherein: the third point is at a peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet; the fourth point is located on the second curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the third point; and a second line drawn from the third point to the fourth point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the third point is located.

[0071] An aspect (6) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto the aspect (4) or the aspect (5), wherein the optical reflection where the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is joined to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet is substantially continuous.

[0072] An aspect (7) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto the aspect (5), wherein the first point at the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is joined to the third point at the peripheral edge of the reformed second glass-based sheet.

[0073] An aspect (8) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto the aspect (7), wherein the difference between a rate of curvature at the first point and a rate of curvature at the third point is less than 0.2 m-1.

[0074] An aspect (9) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass article accordingto any of the aspects (5)-(8), wherein the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is directly bonded to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet with an adhesive.

[0075] An aspect (10) of the present disclosure pertains to a reformed glass articleaccording to any of the aspects (1)-(9), wherein the reformed glass-based article is a vehicular windshield.

[0076] An aspect (11) of the present disclosure pertains to a method for producing areformed glass-based article, the method comprising: cutting a glass-based sheet to produce an oversized preform glass-based sheet; forming the oversized preform glass-based sheet to produce an oversized preform glass-based sheet comprising a curved oversized region formed within a cavity of a reforming apparatus; and cutting the curved oversized region to produce the reformed glass-based article, wherein the reformed glass-based article comprises: a reformed glass-based sheet comprising a first curved shape defined by a first curved surface and a second curved surface, wherein: the first curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the first curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a first point and a second point, wherein:Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT the first point is at a peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based sheet; the second point is located on the curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the first point; and a first line drawn from the first point to the second point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the first point is located.

[0077] An aspect (12) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to the aspect(11), wherein the cutting removes excess glass from the reformed glass-based sheet, the excess glass comprising a first edge and a second edge, and wherein the excess glass has a maximum rate of curvature of greater than or equal to 0.5 m-1measured at any point between the first edge and the second edge.

[0078] An aspect (13) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to the aspect(11) or the aspect (12), wherein the reformed glass-based sheet is a reformed first glass-based sheet and the reformed glass-based article comprises a reformed second glass-based sheet joined to the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet.

[0079] An aspect (14) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to the aspect(13), wherein the second reformed glass-based sheet comprises: a second curved shape defined by a third curved surface and a fourth curved surface, wherein: the second curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the second curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a third point and a fourth point, wherein: the third point is at a peripheral edge of the second glass-based reformed sheet; the fourth point is located on the second curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the third point; and a second line drawn from the third point to the fourth point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the third point is located.

[0080] An aspect (15) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to the aspect(13) or the aspect (14), wherein the optical reflection where the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is joined to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet is substantially continuous.

[0081] An aspect (16) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to the aspect(14) or the aspect (15), wherein the first point at the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass- based sheet is joined to the third point at the peripheral edge of the reformed second glass-based sheet.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0082] An aspect (17) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to the aspect(16), wherein the difference between a rate of curvature at the first point and a rate of curvature at the third point is less than 0.2 m-1.

[0083] An aspect (18) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to any ofthe aspects (14)-(17), wherein the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is directly bonded to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet with an adhesive.

[0084] An aspect (19) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to any ofthe aspects (11)-(18), further comprising grinding the edges of the reformed glass-based article using three-dimensional edge grinding.

[0085] An aspect (20) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to any ofthe aspects (11)-(19), wherein cutting the curved oversized region is performed using three- dimensional laser cutting.

[0086] An aspect (21) of the present disclosure pertains to a method according to any ofthe aspects (11)-(20), wherein the reformed glass-based article is a vehicular windshield.

[0087] While various embodiments have been described herein, they have been presentedby way of example, and not limitation. It should be apparent that adaptations and modifications are intended to be within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments, based on the teaching and guidance presented herein. It therefore will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. The elements of the embodiments presented herein are not necessarily mutually exclusive, but may be interchanged to meet various situations as would be appreciated by one of skill in the art.

[0088] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail herein with referenceto embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals are used to indicate identical or functionally similar elements. References to “embodiments,” “an embodiment,” etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of oneAttorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.

[0089] The examples are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present disclosure. Othersuitable modifications and adaptations of the variety of conditions and parameters normally encountered in the field, and which would be apparent to those skilled in the art, are within the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

[0090] The indefinite articles “a” and “an” to describe an element or component meansthat one or more than one of these elements or components is present. Although these articles are conventionally employed to signify that the modified noun is a singular noun, as used herein the articles “a” and “an” also include the plural, unless otherwise stated in specific instances. Similarly, the definite article “the,” as used herein, also signifies that the modified noun may be singular or plural, again unless otherwise stated in specific instances.

[0091] Directional terms as used herein – for example up, down, right, left, front, back,top, bottom, inward, outward—are made only with reference to the figures as drawn and are not intended to imply absolute orientation.

[0092] As used in the claims, “comprising” is an open-ended transitional phrase. A list ofelements following the transitional phrase “comprising” is a non-exclusive list, such that elements in addition to those specifically recited in the list may also be present. As used in the claims, “consisting essentially of” or “composed essentially of” limits the composition of a material to the specified materials and those that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of the material. As used in the claims, “consisting of” or “composed entirely of” limits the composition of a material to the specified materials and excludes any material not specified.

[0093] Where a range of numerical values is recited herein, comprising upper and lowervalues, unless otherwise stated in specific circumstances, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof, and all integers and fractions within the range. It is not intended that the scope of the claims be limited to the specific values recited when defining a range. Further, when an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is given as a range, one or more preferred ranges or a list of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether such pairs are separately disclosed.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT

[0094] The present embodiment(s) have been described above with the aid of functionalbuilding blocks illustrating the implementation of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. Alternate boundaries can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships thereof are appropriately performed.

[0095] It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology used herein is for thepurpose of description and not of limitation. The breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A reformed glass-based article, comprising:a reformed glass-based sheet comprising a curved shape defined by a first curved surface and a second curved surface, wherein: the curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the curve shaped has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1at any point between a first point and a second point, wherein: the first point is at a peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based sheet; the second point is located on the curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the first point; and a first line drawn from the first point to the second point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the first point is located.

2. The reformed glass-based article of claim 1, wherein the curved shape has amaximum rate of curvature of less than 0.2 m-1at any point between the first point and the second point.

3. The reformed glass-based article of claim 1 or 2, wherein the reformed glass-based article comprises a plurality of laminated reformed glass-based sheets.

4. The reformed glass-based article of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the reformedglass-based sheet is a first reformed glass-based sheet and the article comprises a second reformed glass-based sheet joined to the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet.

5. The reformed glass-based article of claim 4, wherein the second reformed glass-based sheet comprises: a second curved shape defined by a third curved surface and a fourth curved surface, wherein:Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT the second curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the second curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a third point and a fourth point, wherein: the third point is at a peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet; the fourth point is located on the second curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the third point; and a second line drawn from the third point to the fourth point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the third point is located.

6. The reformed glass-based article of claim 4 or 5, wherein the optical reflectionwhere the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is joined to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet is substantially continuous.

7. The reformed glass-based article of claim 5, wherein the first point at theperipheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is joined to the third point at the peripheral edge of the reformed second glass-based sheet.

8. The reformed glass-based article of claim 7, wherein the difference between a rateof curvature at the first point and a rate of curvature at the third point is less than 0.2 m-1.

9. The reformed glass-based article of any one of claims 5-8, wherein the peripheraledge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is directly bonded to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet with an adhesive.

10. The reformed glass-based article of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the reformed glass-based article is a vehicular windshield.

11. A method for producing a reformed glass-based article, the method comprising: cutting a glass-based sheet to produce an oversized preform glass-based sheet;Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT forming the oversized preform glass-based sheet to produce an oversized preform glass- based sheet comprising a curved oversized region formed within a cavity of a reforming apparatus; and cutting the curved oversized region to produce the reformed glass-based article, wherein the reformed glass-based article comprises: a reformed glass-based sheet comprising a first curved shape defined by a first curved surface and a second curved surface, wherein: the first curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the first curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a first point and a second point, wherein: the first point is at a peripheral edge of the reformed glass-based sheet; the second point is located on the curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the first point; and a first line drawn from the first point to the second point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the first point is located.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the cutting removes excess glass from the reformed glass-based sheet, the excess glass comprising a first edge and a second edge, and wherein the excess glass has a maximum rate of curvature of greater than or equal to 0.5 m-1measured at any point between the first edge and the second edge.

13. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein the reformed glass-based sheet is a reformed first glass-based sheet and the reformed glass-based article comprises a reformed second glass-based sheet joined to the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the second reformed glass-based sheet comprises: a second curved shape defined by a third curved surface and a fourth curved surface, wherein:Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT the second curved shape comprises a maximum compressive strain (MCS) shape parameter of greater than or equal to 0.1%; and the second curved shape has a maximum rate of curvature of less than 0.5 m-1when measured at any point between a third point and a fourth point, wherein: the third point is at a peripheral edge of the second glass-based reformed sheet; the fourth point is located on the second curved shape at a distance of from 50 mm to 100 mm from the third point; and a second line drawn from the third point to the fourth point is perpendicular to the peripheral edge at which the third point is located.

15. The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein the optical reflection where the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is joined to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet is substantially continuous.

16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the first point at the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is joined to the third point at the peripheral edge of the reformed second glass-based sheet.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the difference between a rate of curvature at the first point and a rate of curvature at the third point is less than 0.2 m-1.

18. The method of any one of claims 14-17, wherein the peripheral edge of the first reformed glass-based sheet is directly bonded to the peripheral edge of the second reformed glass-based sheet with an adhesive.

19. The method of any one of claims 11-18, further comprising grinding the edges of the reformed glass-based article using three-dimensional edge grinding.

20. The method of any one of claims 11-19, wherein cutting the curved oversized region is performed using three-dimensional laser cutting.Attorney Docket No. SP23-334 PCT 21. The method of any one of claims 11-20, wherein the reformed glass-based article is a vehicular windshield.

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