Method and system for calculating discharge voltage of end fitting, and device and medium

Abstract

A method and system for calculating a discharge voltage of an end fitting, and a device and a medium, which relate to the technical field of fittings. The method comprises: using a finite element method to calculate an electric-field distribution of structural data at a plurality of preset altitudes and a plurality of preset clearance distances, and generating electric-field distribution data; on the basis of the electric-field distribution data, performing a positive-polarity switching impulse discharge test, so as to determine a streamer critical initial voltage and a fitting positive-polarity switching impulse discharge voltage; according to the streamer critical initial voltage, performing a positive-polarity switching impulse test on an intermediate altitude corresponding to each preset altitude, so as to generate a discharge voltage test value; on the basis of the fitting positive-polarity switching impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value, performing model updating, so as to generate a target fitting discharge voltage calculation model; and calculating a discharge voltage of an end fitting by means of the target fitting discharge voltage calculation model. A streamer critical initial voltage is calculated by means of finite element simulation, and voltage boosting is started at the voltage, thereby reducing the test time and the economic cost.

Description

A method, system, device and medium for calculating discharge voltage of end fittings

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 24, 2023, with application number 202311592250.4 and invention name “A method, system, device and medium for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of hardware, and in particular to a method, system, equipment and medium for calculating the discharge voltage of an end hardware. Background Art

[0003] Converter station valve hall equipment is a crucial component of the power system, enabling the transmission and conversion of electrical energy. The discharge voltage of the terminal fittings in converter station valve hall equipment is a key indicator for assessing equipment status and ensuring safe operation.

[0004] However, varying altitudes can cause variations in environmental conditions such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, affecting the accurate measurement and judgment of the discharge voltage in the end fittings. This presents challenges in equipment control and operation. Current solutions often rely on sensors to measure environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure and temperature and then apply compensation or corrections. However, this approach requires sensor installation and maintenance, increasing equipment costs and operational complexity.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method, system, device and medium for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings, which solves the technical problems that the existing method for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings uses sensors to measure environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, which requires the installation and maintenance of sensors, increases equipment costs and has high operational complexity.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting, comprising:

[0008] Obtaining structural data and actual altitude of the end fitting, and using a finite element method to calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances to generate electric field distribution data;

[0009] Conducting a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test based on the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the hardware;

[0010] Performing positive polarity operation impulse tests at intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes according to the streamer critical starting voltage to generate discharge voltage test values;

[0011] An initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model;

[0012] The actual altitude is substituted into the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation to generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end hardware.

[0013] Optionally, the step of performing a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test according to the electric field distribution data to determine a streamer critical starting voltage and a metal fitting positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage includes:

[0014] Substituting the electric field distribution data into a preset photoionization model to calculate the discharge streamer critical starting voltage value of the end fitting to generate the streamer critical starting voltage;

[0015] The photoionization criterion corresponding to the preset photoionization model is:

[0016] Where r is the electrode radius; r1 is the radius of the electron avalanche head; z i Represents the ionosphere boundary, which is determined by α = η; α is the ionization coefficient; η is the adsorption coefficient; γ ph is the surface photoelectron emission coefficient; μ is the photon absorption coefficient; g(l) is the geometric factor;

[0017] A positive polarity operating impulse discharge test is performed on the test device corresponding to the end fitting by applying pressure starting from the streamer critical starting voltage to generate a positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage for the fitting.

[0018] Optionally, the step of updating an initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model includes:

[0019] Selecting the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the hardware from a preset rod and plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database to generate the gap distance discharge voltage;

[0020] Substituting the gap distance discharge voltage and the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage into the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate model parameters and generate model parameters;

[0021] The calculation model of the initial hardware discharge voltage is:

[0022] Where U is the discharge voltage; U0 is the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the rod plate at an altitude of 0m, in kV; H is the altitude, in meters; k1 is the shape factor, k2 is the altitude factor, k1 and k2 are dimensionless, and e is 2.7183;

[0023] Using the model parameters to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to generate an intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model;

[0024] The intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated according to the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0025] Optionally, the step of updating the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model includes:

[0026] Substituting the intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate the discharge voltage and generate a discharge voltage calculation value;

[0027] Substituting the calculated discharge voltage value and the test discharge voltage value into a preset error calculation formula to perform error calculation and generate a relative root mean square error;

[0028] The preset error calculation formula is:

[0029] Where δ is the relative root mean square error; n represents the total number of intermediate altitudes; i is 1, 2, ..., n; U i is the discharge voltage test value at the ith intermediate altitude; U i ' is the calculated value of the discharge voltage at the i-th intermediate altitude;

[0030] The intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated according to the relative root mean square error and a preset error threshold to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0031] Optionally, the step of updating the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the relative root mean square error and a preset error threshold to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model includes:

[0032] Determining whether the relative root mean square error is greater than a preset error threshold;

[0033] If yes, the average of the calculated discharge voltage value and the test discharge voltage value is used as the corresponding switching impulse discharge voltage;

[0034] Substituting the operating impulse discharge voltage into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to modify the model parameters and generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model;

[0035] If not, the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is used as the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0036] The present invention also provides a system for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting, comprising:

[0037] An electric field distribution data generation module is used to obtain the structural data and actual altitude of the end fitting, calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances using a finite element method, and generate electric field distribution data;

[0038] A streamer critical starting voltage and hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage determination module, configured to perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test based on the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage;

[0039] a discharge voltage test value generating module, configured to perform a positive polarity operation impulse test at an intermediate altitude corresponding to each of the preset altitudes according to the streamer critical starting voltage, and generate a discharge voltage test value;

[0040] a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module, configured to update an initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value, and generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model;

[0041] The discharge voltage generating module is used to substitute the actual altitude into the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation and generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end hardware.

[0042] Optionally, the streamer critical starting voltage and hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage determination module includes:

[0043] a streamer critical starting voltage generating module, configured to substitute the electric field distribution data into a preset photoionization model to calculate the discharge streamer critical starting voltage value of the end fitting, and generate the streamer critical starting voltage;

[0044] The photoionization criterion corresponding to the preset photoionization model is:

[0045] Where r is the electrode radius; r1 is the radius of the electron avalanche head; z i Represents the ionosphere boundary, which is determined by α = η; α is the ionization coefficient; η is the adsorption coefficient; γ phis the surface photoelectron emission coefficient; μ is the photon absorption coefficient; g(l) is the geometric factor;

[0046] The hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage generating module is used to perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test on the test device corresponding to the end hardware by applying pressure starting from the streamer critical starting voltage, and generate a hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage.

[0047] Optionally, the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module includes:

[0048] A gap distance discharge voltage generation module is used to select the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the hardware from a preset rod and plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database to generate the gap distance discharge voltage;

[0049] A model parameter generation module is used to substitute the gap distance discharge voltage and the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage into the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform model parameter calculation and generate model parameters;

[0050] The calculation model of the initial hardware discharge voltage is:

[0051] Where U is the discharge voltage; U0 is the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the rod plate at an altitude of 0m, in kV; H is the altitude, in meters; k1 is the shape factor, k2 is the altitude factor, k1 and k2 are dimensionless, and e is 2.7183;

[0052] an intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module, configured to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model using the model parameters to generate an intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model;

[0053] The target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation submodule is used to update the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0054] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of implementing any of the above-mentioned methods for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings.

[0055] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed, any of the above-mentioned methods for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting is implemented.

[0056] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0057] The present invention obtains the structural data and actual altitude of the end fitting, and uses the finite element method to calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances to generate electric field distribution data. Based on the electric field distribution data, a positive polarity operation impulse discharge test is performed to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the fitting. According to the streamer critical starting voltage, a positive polarity operation impulse test is performed on the intermediate altitudes corresponding to each preset altitude to generate a discharge voltage test value. Based on the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the fitting and the discharge voltage test value, the initial fitting discharge voltage calculation model is updated to generate a target fitting discharge voltage calculation model. The actual altitude is substituted into the target fitting discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation and generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end fitting. This solves the technical problem that the existing method for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting uses sensors to measure environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, which requires the installation and maintenance of the sensors, increases equipment cost, and has high operational complexity. The streamer critical starting voltage is calculated through finite element simulation, and pressurization is started at this voltage, reducing test time and economic costs. The construction of the model takes into account the gap structure and altitude factors, making the calculation of the discharge voltage of the end fitting more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0059] FIG1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting provided in a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] FIG2 is a flowchart of a method for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] FIG3 is a layout diagram of a positive polarity standard operating impulse discharge test provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0062] FIG4 is a characteristic curve diagram of the discharge voltage U-altitude H of a grading ring with a ring diameter of 1.6 m and a gap of 3 m vertically to the ground provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] FIG5 is a characteristic curve diagram of the discharge voltage U-altitude H of a grading ring with a ring diameter of 1.6 m and a gap of 4 m vertically to the ground provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] FIG6 is a characteristic curve diagram of the discharge voltage U-altitude H of a grading ring with a ring diameter of 1.6 m and a gap of 6 m vertically to the ground provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] 7 is a characteristic curve diagram of the discharge voltage U-altitude H of a grading ring with a ring diameter of 2.6 m and a gap of 1.5 m vertically to the ground provided by Example 2 of the present invention;

[0066] FIG8 is a structural block diagram of a system for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings provided in a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] The reference numerals in FIG3 are: 1. impulse voltage generator; 2. bellows; 3. insulator; 4. crane; 5. three-hole equalizing ball; 6. test piece; 7. grounding pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system, device, and medium for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings, which are used to solve the technical problems that the existing method for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings uses sensors to measure environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, requiring the installation and maintenance of the sensors, increasing equipment costs, and high operational complexity.

[0069] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a flowchart of a method for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting provided in a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] A method for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting provided in Example 1 of the present invention includes:

[0072] Step 101: Obtain structural data and actual altitude of the end fitting, calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances using a finite element method, and generate electric field distribution data.

[0073] The preset altitude is the altitude set in advance, usually set to 0m, 1000m, 2000m, 3000m, 4000m, and 5000m. The preset gap distance is the gap distance set according to needs.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, the finite element method is used to obtain the electric field distribution of the end fittings at different altitudes (0m, 1000m, 2000m, 3000m, 4000m, 5000m) and different gap distances, thereby obtaining electric field distribution data.

[0075] Step 102: Perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test based on the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the hardware.

[0076] In this embodiment of the present invention, the electric field distribution data is substituted into a preset photoionization model to calculate the critical discharge inception voltage of the end fitting, generating the streamer critical inception voltage. Starting from the streamer critical inception voltage, a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test is performed on the test device corresponding to the end fitting, generating the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the fitting.

[0077] Step 103: Perform positive polarity operation impulse tests at intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes according to the streamer critical starting voltage to generate discharge voltage test values.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, positive polarity operation impulse tests are respectively performed at intermediate altitudes between the altitudes (500m, 1500m, 2500m, 3500m, 4500m) to obtain various discharge voltage test values.

[0079] Step 104 : updating the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0080] In this embodiment of the present invention, the gap discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of a fitting is selected from a preset database of positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltages for rods and plates to generate the gap discharge voltage. The gap discharge voltage and the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the fitting are substituted into an initial fitting discharge voltage calculation model to calculate model parameters and generate model parameters. The initial fitting discharge voltage calculation model is updated using the model parameters to generate an intermediate fitting discharge voltage calculation model. The intermediate fitting discharge voltage calculation model is then updated based on discharge voltage test values ​​to generate a target fitting discharge voltage calculation model.

[0081] Step 105: Substitute the actual altitude into the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation and generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end hardware.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present invention, after constructing a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model corresponding to the end hardware, the actual altitude corresponding to the end hardware is substituted into the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model for voltage calculation to calculate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end hardware.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining the structural data and actual altitude of the end fitting, the finite element method is used to calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances, and the electric field distribution data is generated. Based on the electric field distribution data, a positive polarity operation impulse discharge test is performed to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the fitting. According to the streamer critical starting voltage, a positive polarity operation impulse test is performed on the intermediate altitudes corresponding to each preset altitude to generate a discharge voltage test value. Based on the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the fitting and the discharge voltage test value, the initial fitting discharge voltage calculation model is updated to generate a target fitting discharge voltage calculation model. The actual altitude is substituted into the target fitting discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation and generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end fitting. This solves the technical problem that the existing end fitting discharge voltage calculation method uses sensors to measure environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, which requires the installation and maintenance of sensors, increases equipment cost, and has high operational complexity. The streamer critical starting voltage is calculated through finite element simulation, and pressurization is started at this voltage, reducing test time and economic costs. The construction of the model takes into account the gap structure and altitude factors, making the calculation of the discharge voltage of the end fitting more accurate.

[0084] Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a flow chart of the steps of a method for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting provided in a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Another method for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting provided in Example 2 of the present invention includes:

[0086] Step 201: Obtain structural data and actual altitude of the end fitting, calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances using a finite element method, and generate electric field distribution data.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation process of step 201 is similar to that of step 101 and will not be repeated here.

[0088] Step 202: Perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test based on the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the hardware.

[0089] Furthermore, step 202 may include the following sub-steps S11-S12:

[0090] S11. Substitute the electric field distribution data into a preset photoionization model to calculate the critical starting voltage value of the discharge streamer of the end fitting to generate the critical starting voltage of the streamer.

[0091] S12. Starting from the critical starting voltage of the streamer, the test device corresponding to the end fitting is pressurized to perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test to generate a positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage for the fitting.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present invention, the test device is simulated according to the structural data to generate the test device. The test device consists of an impulse voltage generator 1, a bellows 2, an insulator 3, a crane 4, a three-hole equalizing ball 5, a test piece 6, and a grounding stake 7. Specifically, the test arrangement is as shown in Figure 3, and a corresponding simulation arrangement is performed using computing equipment to construct the test device. Busbar connectors and insulator 3 connectors are installed inside the corner ball, and the top is vertically suspended by a composite suspension insulator 3. One end of the high-voltage lead is connected to the corner ball and the other end to the impulse voltage generator 1. Another busbar is arranged vertically, with the upper end connected to the bottom of the corner ball and the other end connected to the test piece 6. Galvanized iron plates are laid flat on the hall floor to simulate the ground. During the test, the impulse generator generates a standard positive polarity operating impulse voltage waveform for the impulse test.

[0093] The preset photoionization model is combined with the electric field distribution data to calculate the critical starting voltage of the end fitting discharge streamer. The photoionization criterion is as follows: when the following formula is equal to 1, the critical starting voltage of the streamer can be obtained.

[0094] Where r is the electrode radius; r1 is the radius of the electron avalanche head; z i Represents the ionosphere boundary, which is determined by α = η; α is the ionization coefficient; η is the adsorption coefficient; γ ph is the surface photoelectron emission coefficient; μ is the photon absorption coefficient; g(l) is the geometric factor.

[0095] In the above formula, the values ​​of α, η, and μ are related to the electric field strength and air density. The calculation formula is as follows: μ=δμ0;

[0096] Where E is the electric field intensity in space, kV / cm; δ is the relative density of air. The calculation formula is:

[0097] Where, t represents the test environment temperature; p represents the test environment atmospheric pressure; and p0 represents the standard atmospheric pressure.

[0098] In the formula, the photon absorption coefficient μ is proportional to the relative density of air, and μ0 is the photon absorption coefficient under standard atmospheric conditions.

[0099] At various altitudes, positive polarity operating impulse discharge tests were conducted by applying pressure starting from the streamer critical starting voltage to obtain the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the hardware.

[0100] Step 203: Perform positive polarity operation impulse tests on intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes according to the streamer critical starting voltage to generate discharge voltage test values.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation process of step 203 is similar to that of step 103 and will not be repeated here.

[0102] Step 204 : Select the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the hardware from the preset rod and plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database to generate the gap distance discharge voltage.

[0103] The preset rod-plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database refers to a database including rod-plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage data at an altitude of 0 m.

[0104] The comparison table of 50% switching impulse discharge voltage of rod-plate air gap at different gap distances at 0m altitude is shown in Table 1.

[0105] Table 1 Comparison table of rod-board positive polarity switching impulse discharge voltage at 0m altitude

[0106] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the hardware in the preset rod and plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database is selected to generate the gap distance discharge voltage.

[0107] Step 205 : Substitute the gap distance discharge voltage and the hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage into the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate model parameters and generate model parameters.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present invention, a hardware discharge voltage calculation model is established based on the 0m rod-plate discharge voltage and taking into account the influence of altitude. Where U is the discharge voltage; U0 is the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the rod plate at an altitude of 0 m, in kV; H is the altitude, in m; k1 is the shape factor, k2 is the altitude factor, k1 and k2 are dimensionless, and e is taken as 2.7183.

[0109] The positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the hardware at each altitude point and the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage database of the rod and plate at an altitude of 0m are substituted into the calculation model to determine the specific values ​​of the calculation model parameters k1 and k2, thereby obtaining the model parameters.

[0110] Step 206 : Using the model parameters, the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated to generate an intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present invention, the calculated model parameters are used to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model, thereby obtaining an intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0112] Step 207 : updating the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0113] Furthermore, step 207 may include the following sub-steps S21-S23:

[0114] S21 , substituting the intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform discharge voltage calculation and generate a discharge voltage calculation value.

[0115] S22. Substitute the calculated discharge voltage value and the test discharge voltage value into a preset error calculation formula to perform error calculation and generate a relative root mean square error.

[0116] The preset error calculation formula is:

[0117] Where δ is the relative root mean square error; n represents the total number of intermediate altitudes; i is 1, 2, ..., n; U i is the discharge voltage test value at the ith intermediate altitude; U i ' is the calculated value of the discharge voltage at the i-th intermediate altitude.

[0118] S23 . Update the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the relative root mean square error and the preset error threshold to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0119] Furthermore, step S23 may include the following sub-steps S231-S234:

[0120] S231. Determine whether the relative root mean square error is greater than a preset error threshold. If so, execute step S232; if not, execute step S234.

[0121] S232. Taking the average value of the calculated discharge voltage value and the test discharge voltage value as the corresponding switching impulse discharge voltage.

[0122] S233 , substituting the operating impulse discharge voltage into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to modify the model parameters and generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0123] S234: Use the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model as the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0124] The default error threshold is 10%.

[0125] In an embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate altitudes between the various altitudes are substituted into the calculation model for calculation and error calculation is performed against the intermediate altitude test value to determine the validity of the calculation model and perform corrections. Specifically, first, the intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes are substituted into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform discharge voltage calculation and generate a discharge voltage calculation value. Then, the discharge voltage calculation value and the discharge voltage test value are substituted into the preset error calculation formula to perform error calculation and generate a relative root mean square error. Finally, based on the relative root mean square error and the preset error threshold, the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model. That is, if the relative root mean square error is less than or equal to 10%, the calculation model is adopted, i.e., the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is used as the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model. If the relative root mean square error is greater than 10%, the average value between the calculated discharge voltage value and the test discharge voltage value is used as the 50% operating impulse discharge voltage at the gap distance, and the corrected shape factor k1 and altitude factor k2 are obtained. These are substituted into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model, and finally the corrected calculation model, i.e., the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model, is obtained.

[0126] Step 208: Substitute the actual altitude into the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation and generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end hardware.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation process of step 208 is similar to that of step 105 and will not be repeated here.

[0128] Specifically, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, a switching impulse discharge test was conducted on a 1.6m diameter grading ring vertically 3m above the ground according to the above steps. The test voltage waveform adopted the standard switching impulse voltage. A characteristic curve of the gap discharge voltage U versus altitude H was obtained for the 1.6m diameter grading ring vertically 3m above the ground.

[0129] As shown in Figures 3 and 5, a switching impulse discharge test was conducted on a 1.6m diameter grading ring vertically 4m above ground according to the above steps. The test voltage waveform used the standard switching impulse voltage. A characteristic curve of the gap discharge voltage U versus altitude H was obtained for the 1.6m diameter grading ring vertically 4m above ground.

[0130] As shown in Figures 3 and 6, a switching impulse discharge test was conducted on a 1.6m diameter grading ring vertically 6m above ground according to the above steps. The test voltage waveform used the standard switching impulse voltage. A characteristic curve of the gap discharge voltage U versus altitude H was obtained for the 1.6m diameter grading ring vertically 6m above ground.

[0131] As shown in Figures 3 and 7, a switching impulse discharge test was conducted on a 2.6m diameter grading ring vertically 1.5m above ground according to the above steps. The test voltage waveform used the standard switching impulse voltage. A characteristic curve of the gap discharge voltage U versus altitude H was obtained for the 2.6m diameter grading ring vertically 1.5m above ground.

[0132] Through the above experiments, it can be calculated that k1=1.17~2.15, k2=0.53~0.88.

[0133] In an embodiment of the present invention, by establishing discharge voltage calculation formulas corresponding to different gap types and gap distances, discharge voltage values ​​at different altitudes can be calculated, thereby enabling calibration. In this method, photoionization criteria combined with finite element simulation are used to calculate the critical streamer onset voltage, which is then used to initiate pressurization, reducing test time and economic costs. For low-altitude areas, the rod-plate voltage is used as the calibration reference value. Rod-plate voltage is a common and widely collected data source, available from the operation records and test data of valve hall equipment in many converter stations. Because environmental conditions such as atmospheric pressure and temperature are more stable at low altitudes than in other areas, rod-plate voltage can serve as a reliable reference value for calibration. Compared to traditional sensor-based calibration methods, the present invention eliminates the need for additional sensor installation and maintenance, instead utilizing existing rod-plate voltage from operation records and test data as the calibration reference. This approach not only avoids sensor cost and maintenance issues but also leverages a wide range of data sources for calibration, improving the feasibility and universality of the calculation method. The model is based on a database of rod-plate gap discharge voltages at 0 m altitude, taking into account gap structure and altitude factors, resulting in more accurate calculation of hardware discharge voltage. Using photoionization criteria combined with finite element simulation, the critical streamer onset voltage is calculated, and pressurization is initiated at this voltage, reducing test time and costs. Using the more abundant and stable 0m rod-plate discharge voltage as a benchmark, the 0m altitude test workload is reduced. This provides a reference for the safe and economical design and installation of end fittings for converter station valve hall equipment in actual projects. It not only accurately determines the discharge voltage of various fittings at high altitudes, but also reduces workload and saves significant costs.

[0134] Please refer to FIG8 , which is a structural block diagram of a system for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting provided in a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0135] A third embodiment of the present invention provides a system for calculating the discharge voltage of an end fitting, comprising:

[0136] The electric field distribution data generation module 801 is used to obtain the structural data and actual altitude of the end fitting, calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances using the finite element method, and generate electric field distribution data.

[0137] The streamer critical starting voltage and hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage determination module 802 is used to perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test based on the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage.

[0138] The discharge voltage test value generating module 803 is used to perform positive polarity operation impulse tests at intermediate altitudes corresponding to each preset altitude according to the streamer critical starting voltage, and generate a discharge voltage test value.

[0139] The target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module 804 is used to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0140] The discharge voltage generating module 805 is used to substitute the actual altitude into the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation and generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end hardware.

[0141] Optionally, the streamer critical starting voltage and hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage determination module 802 includes:

[0142] The streamer critical starting voltage generation module is used to substitute the electric field distribution data into the preset photoionization model to calculate the discharge streamer critical starting voltage value of the end fitting and generate the streamer critical starting voltage.

[0143] The photoionization criterion corresponding to the preset photoionization model is:

[0144] Where r is the electrode radius; r1 is the radius of the electron avalanche head; z i Represents the ionosphere boundary, which is determined by α = η; α is the ionization coefficient; η is the adsorption coefficient; γ ph is the surface photoelectron emission coefficient; μ is the photon absorption coefficient; g(l) is the geometric factor.

[0145] The hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage generation module is used to perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test on the test device corresponding to the end hardware by applying pressure starting from the critical starting voltage of the streamer, and generate the hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage.

[0146] Optionally, the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module 804 includes:

[0147] The gap distance discharge voltage generation module is used to select the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the hardware from the preset rod and plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database to generate the gap distance discharge voltage.

[0148] The model parameter generation module is used to substitute the gap distance discharge voltage and the hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage into the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate the model parameters and generate the model parameters.

[0149] The calculation model of the initial hardware discharge voltage is:

[0150] Where U is the discharge voltage; U0 is the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the rod plate at an altitude of 0m, in kV; H is the altitude, in meters; k1 is the shape factor, k2 is the altitude factor, k1 and k2 are dimensionless, and e is 2.7183;

[0151] The intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module is used to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model using model parameters to generate the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0152] The target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation submodule is used to update the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the discharge voltage test value to generate the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0153] Optionally, the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation submodule may perform the following steps:

[0154] Substituting the intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate the discharge voltage and generate a discharge voltage calculation value;

[0155] Substitute the calculated discharge voltage value and the test discharge voltage value into the preset error calculation formula to calculate the error and generate the relative root mean square error;

[0156] The preset error calculation formula is:

[0157] Where δ is the relative root mean square error; n represents the total number of intermediate altitudes; i is 1, 2, ..., n; U i is the discharge voltage test value at the ith intermediate altitude; U i ' is the calculated value of the discharge voltage at the i-th intermediate altitude;

[0158] The intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated according to the relative root mean square error and the preset error threshold to generate the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0159] Optionally, the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation submodule may further perform the following steps:

[0160] Determine whether the relative root mean square error is greater than a preset error threshold;

[0161] If yes, the average of the calculated discharge voltage and the test discharge voltage is taken as the corresponding switching impulse discharge voltage;

[0162] Substitute the switching impulse discharge voltage into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to modify the model parameters and generate the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model;

[0163] If not, the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is used as the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

[0164] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory; when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the end fitting discharge voltage calculation method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0165] The memory can be an electronic memory such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), an EPROM, a hard disk or a ROM. The memory has a storage space for program codes for executing any method step in the above method. For example, the storage space for program codes may include individual program codes for implementing the various steps in the above method respectively. These program codes can be read from or written to one or more computer program products. These computer program products include program code carriers such as a hard disk, a compact disk (CD), a memory card or a floppy disk. The program code can be compressed, for example, in an appropriate form. When these codes are run by a computing and processing device, the computing and processing device executes the various steps in the end fitting discharge voltage calculation method described above.

[0166] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting according to any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0167] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0168] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0169] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0170] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0171] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program code.

[0172] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings, characterized in that: include: Acquire structural data and actual altitude of the end fittings, calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances using a finite element method, and generate electric field distribution data; Conducting a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test according to the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the hardware; According to the streamer critical starting voltage, a positive polarity operation impulse test is performed on each intermediate altitude corresponding to each preset altitude to generate a discharge voltage test value; An initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model; The actual altitude is substituted into the target fitting discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation, and the discharge voltage corresponding to the end fitting is generated.

2. The method for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test according to the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the hardware includes: Substituting the electric field distribution data into a preset photoionization model to calculate the critical starting voltage value of the discharge streamer of the end fitting to generate a critical starting voltage of the streamer; The photoionization criterion corresponding to the preset photoionization model is: Where r is the electrode radius; r1 is the radius of the electron avalanche head; z i represents the boundary of the ionosphere, which is determined by α=η; α is the ionization coefficient; η is the adsorption coefficient; γ ph is the surface photoelectron emission coefficient; μ is the photon absorption coefficient; g(l) is the geometric factor; The positive polarity operating impulse discharge test is performed on the test device corresponding to the end fitting by applying pressure starting from the streamer critical starting voltage to generate the fitting positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage.

3. The method for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of updating the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model includes: Selecting the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the hardware from the preset rod plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database to generate the gap distance discharge voltage; Substituting the gap distance discharge voltage and the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage into the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate model parameters and generate model parameters; The calculation model of the initial hardware discharge voltage is: Among them, U is the discharge voltage; U0 is the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the rod plate at an altitude of 0m, and its unit is kV; H is the altitude, and its unit is m; k1 is the shape factor, k2 is the altitude factor, k1 and k2 are dimensionless, and e is 2.7183; The model parameters are used to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to generate an intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model; The intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated according to the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

4. The method for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of updating the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model includes: Substituting the intermediate altitudes corresponding to the preset altitudes into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate the discharge voltage and generate a discharge voltage calculation value; Substituting the calculated discharge voltage value and the test discharge voltage value into a preset error calculation formula to perform error calculation and generate a relative root mean square error; The preset error calculation formula is: Where δ is the relative root mean square error; n represents the total number of intermediate altitudes; i is 1, 2, ..., n; U i is the discharge voltage test value at the ith intermediate altitude; U' i is the calculated value of the discharge voltage at the ith intermediate altitude; The intermediate metal fitting discharge voltage meter is measured according to the relative root mean square error and the preset error threshold. The calculation model is updated to generate the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

5. The method for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of updating the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the relative root mean square error and the preset error threshold to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model includes: Determine whether the relative root mean square error is greater than a preset error threshold; If yes, the average value of the discharge voltage calculation value and the discharge voltage test value is taken as the corresponding operating impulse discharge voltage; Substituting the operation impulse discharge voltage into the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model to modify the model parameters and generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model; If not, the intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is used as the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

6. A system for calculating the discharge voltage of end fittings, characterized in that: include: An electric field distribution data generation module is used to obtain the structural data and actual altitude of the end fittings, calculate the electric field distribution of the structural data at multiple preset altitudes and multiple preset gap distances using a finite element method, and generate electric field distribution data; A streamer critical starting voltage and a hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage determination module, used to perform a positive polarity operating impulse discharge test according to the electric field distribution data to determine the streamer critical starting voltage and the hardware positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage; a discharge voltage test value generating module, for performing positive polarity operation impact tests on intermediate altitudes corresponding to each of the preset altitudes according to the streamer critical starting voltage, and generating a discharge voltage test value; A target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module is used to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model according to the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage and the discharge voltage test value to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model; The discharge voltage generating module is used to substitute the actual altitude into the target hardware discharge voltage calculation model to perform voltage calculation and generate the discharge voltage corresponding to the end hardware.

7. The end fitting discharge voltage calculation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The streamer critical starting voltage and hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage determination module comprises: The streamer critical starting voltage generation module is used to substitute the electric field distribution data into the preset photoelectric Calculate the discharge streamer critical starting voltage value of the end fitting by using the discharge model to generate the streamer critical starting voltage; The photoionization criterion corresponding to the preset photoionization model is: Where r is the electrode radius; r1 is the radius of the electron avalanche head; z i represents the boundary of the ionosphere, which is determined by α=η; α is the ionization coefficient; η is the adsorption coefficient; γ ph is the surface photoelectron emission coefficient; μ is the photon absorption coefficient; g(l) is the geometric factor; The hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage generating module is used to perform a positive polarity operation impulse discharge test on the test device corresponding to the end hardware by applying pressure starting from the critical starting voltage of the streamer, so as to generate a hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage.

8. The end fitting discharge voltage calculation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module includes: A gap distance discharge voltage generation module is used to select the gap distance discharge voltage corresponding to the positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage of the hardware from a preset rod plate positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage database to generate the gap distance discharge voltage; A model parameter generation module, used for substituting the gap distance discharge voltage and the hardware positive polarity operation impulse discharge voltage into the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model to calculate the model parameters and generate the model parameters; The calculation model of the initial hardware discharge voltage is: Among them, U is the discharge voltage; U0 is the positive polarity operating impulse discharge voltage of the rod plate at an altitude of 0m, and its unit is kV; H is the altitude, and its unit is m; k1 is the shape factor, k2 is the altitude factor, k1 and k2 are dimensionless, and e is 2.7183; An intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation module is used to update the initial hardware discharge voltage calculation model using the model parameters to generate an intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model; The target hardware discharge voltage calculation model generation submodule is used to calculate the discharge voltage according to the discharge voltage test. The intermediate hardware discharge voltage calculation model is updated to generate a target hardware discharge voltage calculation model.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed, the method for calculating the discharge voltage of the end fitting according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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