Air conditioner-boiler device

Abstract

An air conditioner-boiler device is a new type of device and is installed indoors, in which an air conditioner and a boiler are combined and can be used for simultaneously air conditioning rooms and heating water. The air conditioner-boiler device consists of a compressor, a throttle, an evaporator with a fan, a boiler with a heater, a preheater, a coil and a partition, interconnected by tubes connected by connecting couplings and forming the following closed loop for the circulation of liquid and refrigerant vapor: "evaporator - compressor - boiler heater - boiler preheater - throttle - evaporator". The boiler of the air conditioner-boiler device is installed between the compressor and the throttle, serving as a heat exchanger between the hot refrigerant in the boiler coil and the water located in the preheater and boiler heater. The air conditioner-boiler device saves the electrical energy expended to heat water coming from the water supply network by recovering and using the thermal energy released during condensation of the refrigerant vapor in the boiler during air conditioning.

Description

[0001] AIR CONDITIONER-BOILER DEVICE

[0002] AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0003] The present invention can be used for simultaneous air conditioning of rooms and heating of water.

[0004] PRIOR ART

[0005] Air conditioning of premises is mainly carried out using split air conditioners. Of these, the most widely used are split air-to-air air conditioners.

[0006] Split air-to-air air conditioners consist of an external unit located outside the building and an internal unit located inside the building. The external unit consists of a compressor, condenser and fan, and the internal unit consists of a throttle and an evaporator with a fan. All of them are connected by tubes and form a closed refrigerant circulation circuit "evaporator - compressor - condenser - throttle - evaporator".

[0007] The movement of liquid and refrigerant vapor in a split air conditioner is carried out as follows.

[0008] The compressor of the outdoor unit sucks the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator and compresses it. As a result, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant vapor increases.

[0009] The hot refrigerant vapor enters the condenser of the fan-blown outside air through the connecting pipe for cooling. There, an intensive heat exchange occurs between the hot refrigerant vapor and the outside air. The hot refrigerant vapor, giving up its heat to the air, cools down and turns into liquid, and its pressure does not change. Then the refrigerant is fed through the connecting pipe to the throttle.

[0010] When the liquid refrigerant passes through the throttle, it is injected into the evaporator, its pressure and temperature drop sharply. As a result, the liquid refrigerant is converted into cold vapor.

[0011] In the evaporator of the room air blown by the fan, intensive heat exchange occurs between the cold refrigerant vapor and the room air. As a result, the room air is cooled and the refrigerant vapor is heated.

[0012] To heat hot water supply, various types of boilers, electric and gas water heaters are used. Among them, electric water heaters are the most common. They heat water with the thermal energy of heating elements, generated from electrical energy.

[0013] To create normal living conditions, it is necessary to condition the air in the room and provide hot water. Simultaneous operation of split air conditioners and electric water heaters during the hot period of the year leads to the consumption of a significant amount of electrical energy at high power, which leads to overloads and often causes a failure in the electrical power supply network.

[0014] Various schemes have been proposed for heating water by recovering the thermal energy of hot refrigerant during condensation in refrigeration units and air conditioners.

[0015] In the invention of Kevin O'Reilly, patent US4407142A, a system for recovering the thermal energy of a refrigerant in a refrigeration unit is proposed. It comprises a heat exchanger adapted to be installed between the compressor and the condenser of the refrigeration unit. It consists of two parts, for recovering superheat from the heat exchanger, directed to a high-temperature load and recovered latent heat from the heat exchanger, directed to a low-temperature load by means of a refrigerant circulating through the heat exchanger by means of a pump.

[0016] James Norbert's invention, patent US2002092311A1, relates to devices for recovering heat energy from a refrigerant in a room air conditioning system used to heat a swimming pool, water heater or other equipment. This is accomplished by transferring heat from the hot refrigerant on the outlet side of a conventional air conditioning compressor. The heat exchanger is a reservoir formed between the condenser coil and the enclosing casing. The flowing hot refrigerant in the condenser coil transfers heat energy to the water flowing in the opposite direction in the reservoir.

[0017] The invention of Jonsson Kjartan, patent US4199955 A, a system for recovering heat energy from a cooled refrigerant includes a counter-current heat exchanger for transferring heat to water, installed in a tube above the condenser. The heat recovery system located on one side of the heat exchanger has a pump for circulating water. Hot refrigerant circulates on the other side of the heat exchanger. The water temperature is maintained within certain limits by stopping the pump when the inlet water temperature reaches a predetermined maximum value.

[0018] In the inventions cited, the devices for recovering the thermal energy of the refrigerant and using the recovered thermal energy are separate devices or objects.

[0019] The proposed invention is an air conditioner-boiler device, a new type of device that combines an air conditioner and a boiler. It simultaneously condenses the air in the room and heats the water in the boiler that comes from the water supply network, using the thermal energy released during the condensation of hot refrigerant vapor in the boiler. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The proposed invention is based on the task of creating a design for a new type of device that simultaneously condenses the air in a room and heats the water coming from the water supply network by recovering the thermal energy of the refrigerant vapor during condensation.

[0021] The proposed air conditioner-boiler device, in comparison with existing split air-to-air air conditioners, allows:

[0022] - simultaneously condense the air in the room and heat the water coming from the water supply network by recovering the thermal energy of the refrigerant vapor during condensation;

[0023] - save electrical energy by using the thermal energy released during the condensation of hot refrigerant vapor in the boiler to heat water;

[0024] - install it entirely indoors.

[0025] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Fig. 1. Operating principle of the air conditioner-boiler device when conditioning the air in a room.

[0027] Fig. 2. Providing hot water supply when the room air conditioning is not performed.

[0028] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] The present invention is now described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating embodiments thereof.

[0030] EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0031] The air conditioner-boiler device consists of a compressor 18, a throttle 12, an evaporator with a fan 13, a boiler 1 with a heater 2, a heater 7, a coil 16 and a thermal insulation partition 6. All of them are connected to each other by tubes 11, 14, 19, connected by means of connecting couplings 20 and forming a closed circuit for the circulation of liquid and refrigerant vapor "evaporator - compressor - boiler heater - boiler heater - throttle - evaporator". A magnesium anode 8 is also installed in it to protect the tank from corrosion and a thermal sensor 16 (Fig. 1).

[0032] Boiler 1 is divided into sections by a heat-insulating partition 6 with an opening for pipe 15, to prevent heat exchange between cold water coming from the water supply network to the boiler heater 7 and hot water located in the boiler heater 2.

[0033] Water from the water supply network enters the heater of the boiler 7 through pipe 9 and enters the heater of the boiler 2 through pipe 15. Then the hot water is directed through pipe 3 to the electric water heater 10. Three-position valve 4 is installed in such a position that hot water from the boiler 1 flows to the water heater 10. From the water heater 10, hot water enters the consumers through pipe 5.

[0034] If the temperature of hot water coming from boiler 1 to water heater 10 is lower than the required temperature for consumption, then water heater 10 heats it using the thermal energy of heating elements generated from electrical energy.

[0035] When the water temperature in the boiler heater 2 is above +75°C, the thermal relay is triggered by the signal from the temperature sensor 16 and switches off the electrical power supply to the compressor 18.

[0036] Fig. 1 shows the operating principle of the air conditioner-boiler device for air conditioning of premises and heating of water for hot water supply.

[0037] The refrigerant vapor from the evaporator with fan 13 with temperature ti and pressure pi is sucked out through connecting pipe 14 by compressor 18. After compression by compressor 18, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant vapor increases to t2 and pg, respectively. Then it is fed through connecting pipe 19 to the coil of boiler 17. In boiler heater 2, heat exchange occurs between the hot vapor of the refrigerant located in the coil of boiler 17 and the heated water supplied through pipe 16 from boiler heater 7. As a result, the water is heated, and the temperature of the refrigerant vapor decreases to temperature / 3, and the pressure p2 does not change.

[0038] In the heater of the boiler 7, heat exchange occurs between the refrigerant vapor located in the coil of the boiler 17 and the cold water coming through the pipe 9 from the water supply network. The water is heated, and the temperature of the refrigerant vapor decreases to t4, and the pressure рг does not change. A phase transformation of the refrigerant vapor into liquid occurs.

[0039] Under pressure p2, the liquid refrigerant is supplied to the throttle 12 through the connecting pipe I. When passing through the throttle, the liquid refrigerant is injected into the evaporator 13. As a result, its pressure and temperature drop sharply to ts and pi, respectively. In this case, the liquid refrigerant is converted into cold vapor.

[0040] The evaporator fan blows the cold refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 13 with room air. Intensive heat exchange occurs between the cold refrigerant vapor and the room air. As a result, the cold refrigerant vapor takes the heat from the room air and cools it. In this case, its temperature increases to ti, and the pressure pi does not change and is sucked in through the connecting pipe 14 by the compressor 16 (Fig. 1).

[0041] Fig. 2 shows the implementation of hot water supply when the air conditioner-boiler device is not used.

[0042] In this case, the three-position valve 4 is installed in such a position that water from the water supply network flows through the pipe 21 to the water heater 10. The water heater 10 heats the water with the thermal energy of the heaters, generated from electrical energy. Hot water is supplied to consumers through the pipe 5. Thus, the air conditioner-boiler device is a new type of device installed indoors, which combines an air conditioner and a boiler. This allows it to simultaneously condition the air in the room and heat the water coming from the water supply network, using the thermal energy released during the condensation of the refrigerant vapor in the boiler.

Claims

Invention formula 1. An air conditioner-boiler device containing a compressor, a throttle, an evaporator with a fan, a heater, a preheater and a boiler coil, connected to each other by tubes, forming a closed circuit for the circulation of liquid and refrigerant vapor, characterized in that it is installed entirely in a room and simultaneously conditions the air in the room and heats the water.

2. An air conditioner-boiler device, characterized in that the air conditioner and boiler, combined into a single system, form a single device.

3. An air conditioner-boiler device, characterized in that the boiler is installed between the compressor and the throttle, serving as a heat exchanger between the hot refrigerant in the coil and the water located in the boiler.

4. An air conditioner-boiler device, characterized in that the boiler is divided into a heater and a heater by a heat-insulating partition with an opening for a pipe.

5. The air conditioner-boiler device according to item 2, characterized in that when conditioning the air of a room, the recovered thermal energy of the refrigerant vapor released during condensation located in the boiler coil is used to heat the water located in the boiler.

6. An air conditioner-boiler device according to item 1, characterized in that the liquid and vapor of the refrigerant circulate in it along a closed circuit: evaporator - compressor - boiler heater - boiler heater - throttle - evaporator."

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