Ship rudder blade bending moment simulated loading device and loading method

Abstract

A ship rudder blade bending moment simulated loading device and a loading method. The device comprises: a rudder blade (1), a rudderpost (2), a loading mechanism and a control system, wherein the rudder blade (1) is connected to one end of the rudderpost (2), a through radial hole (3) is provided in the center of the rudder blade (1), and the loading mechanism is connected to the rudder blade (1) by means of the radial hole (3). The control system comprises a force sensor (4), an angular displacement sensor (5) and a control box (6), wherein the force sensor (4) is mounted on the loading mechanism, the angular displacement sensor (5) is mounted at the other end of the rudderpost (2), and the control box is connected to the loading mechanism, the force sensor (4) and the angular displacement sensor (5).

Description

Ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device and loading method Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship maneuvering systems, and in particular to a ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device and loading method. Background Art

[0002] The rudder device is an important part of the ship's steering system. During the navigation of the ship, the rudder device transfers the hydrodynamic load on the rudder blades to the hull through the rotation of the rudder blades, thereby changing or maintaining the ship's course or depth.

[0003] When conducting research on the structural design and acoustic control of rudder devices in the laboratory, it is necessary to simulate the hydrodynamic loads on the rudder device in the water to provide a test environment for research and testing. The hydrodynamic loads transmitted to the rudder device are mainly divided into bending moment loads and torque loads. In the design of the rudder device, the main load that affects its strength verification and structural form is the bending moment load. The direction of the bending moment load is shown in Figure 1. The existing rudder blade bending moment simulation loading method simulates the hydrodynamic load by applying force on the rudder blade surface through a loading cylinder. Its control system is very complex and requires real-time monitoring of the loading force, monitoring of the rudder blade's rotation angle, etc. It is necessary to control the loading cylinder to extend and retract as the rudder blade rotates, control the load to continuously change, and the loading accuracy is poor. Since the hydrodynamic bending moment load on the rudder blade on the actual ship is very large, this loading method is difficult to load and control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device and loading method in response to the above-mentioned problems. By optimizing the loading position and connection form, the loading cylinder can be simply and effectively controlled to apply bending moment simulation loading to the rudder device, and the bending moment simulation loading can be continuously applied according to the loading curve within the maximum rotation range of the rudder blade.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device, which is characterized in that it includes a rudder blade, a rudder shaft, a loading mechanism and a control system, the rudder blade is connected to one end of the rudder shaft, and a radial hole is provided in the center of the rudder blade. The loading mechanism is connected to the rudder blade through the radial hole. The control system includes a force sensor, an angular displacement sensor and a control box, the force sensor is installed on the loading mechanism, the angular displacement sensor is installed at the other end of the rudder shaft, and the control box is connected to the loading mechanism, the force sensor and the angular displacement sensor.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the loading mechanism includes a loading short shaft, a loading hydraulic cylinder and a transition rod, the loading short shaft is horizontally arranged in the radial hole, the loading short shaft is sleeved with a bearing, the top end of the transition rod is connected to the outer shell of the bearing, the bottom end of the transition rod is connected to the force sensor, and the force sensor is connected to the telescopic rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the loading short shaft is coaxially arranged with the rudder shaft, and the telescopic rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the loading short shaft.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, both ends of the loading short shaft are welded to the ribs inside the rudder blade, a bushing is provided outside the loading short shaft, and the bearing is fixed on the bushing.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, a screw hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the housing of the bearing, and an external thread is provided at the top end of the transition rod, which is threadedly connected to the screw hole.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to the ground base by bolts, and a gasket is provided at the contact point.

[0012] A ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading method is characterized by comprising the following contents:

[0013] The monitoring signals of the loading hydraulic cylinder, angular displacement sensor, and force sensor are transmitted to the control box. The control box collects the rotation angle signal of the rudder blade in real time through the angular displacement sensor according to the set loading curve, controls the loading hydraulic cylinder to load, and then simulates the bending moment of the rudder blade in the water. The force sensor monitors the magnitude of the loading force in real time.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present invention provides a ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device and loading method, which can simply and effectively control the loading cylinder to apply bending moment simulation loading to the rudder device by optimizing the loading position and connection form; the bending moment simulation loading can be continuously applied according to the loading curve within the maximum rotation range of the rudder blade; it is mainly used on the laboratory rudder pedestal to simulate the bending moment load generated by the hydrodynamic force on the rudder blade underwater, thereby providing support for the structural design of the rudder device and the acoustic control research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the bending moment direction of a rudder blade according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG2 is a top view of a ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG3 is a top view of a ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG4 is a graph showing the bending moment load generated by the hydrodynamic force according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG5 is a curve diagram of the loading force according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of this application is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended only to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "overhanging" do not necessarily imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0026] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0028] The features and performance of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] Existing rudder blade bending moment simulation loading methods have complex control systems that require real-time monitoring of the loading force, the rudder blade's rotation angle, the loading cylinder's displacement, and other parameters. They also require control over the cylinder's expansion and contraction, as well as the load magnitude. Furthermore, loading accuracy is poor, making them inadequate for rudder device research and acoustic testing.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1-3, the present invention proposes a device for simulating the bending moment of a ship's rudder blade. The device comprises a rudder blade 1, a rudder shaft 2, a loading mechanism, and a control system. The rudder blade is connected to one end of the rudder shaft, and a radial hole 3 is provided through the center of the rudder blade. The loading mechanism is connected to the rudder blade through the radial hole. The control system comprises a force sensor 4, an angular displacement sensor 5, and a control box 6. The force sensor is mounted on the loading mechanism, and the angular displacement sensor is mounted on the other end of the rudder shaft. The control box is connected to the loading mechanism, the force sensor, and the angular displacement sensor. Simulating the bending moment of the rudder blade is achieved through the coordinated monitoring and control of the loading mechanism and the control system.

[0031] The loading mechanism includes a loading stub shaft 7, a loading hydraulic cylinder 8, and a transition rod 9. The loading stub shaft is horizontally mounted within the radial hole and sleeved with a bearing 10. The top end of the transition rod is connected to the bearing housing, while the bottom end is connected to a force sensor, which is in turn connected to the telescopic rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder. The force sensor's ends are connected to the loading hydraulic cylinder and transition rod, respectively, via connecting flanges.

[0032] The loading short shaft is coaxially arranged with the rudder shaft, and the telescopic rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder is perpendicularly arranged with the axis of the loading short shaft.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, both ends of the loading short shaft are welded to the ribs 11 inside the rudder blade, a bushing 12 is provided outside the loading short shaft, and the bearing is fixed on the bushing.

[0034] In some optional implementation schemes, a screw hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the bearing housing, and an external thread is provided at the top of the transition rod, which is threadedly connected to the screw hole.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, the loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to the ground base by bolts, and a gasket is provided at the contact point. By adjusting the gasket, the axis of the loading hydraulic cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of the loading short shaft when it is installed.

[0036] Signals from the loading hydraulic cylinder, angular displacement sensor, and force sensor are transmitted to the control box. Based on the configured loading curve, the control box uses the angular displacement sensor to collect real-time signals from the rudder blade's rotation angle. This information then controls the loading hydraulic cylinder to simulate the bending moment exerted on the rudder blade in water. The force sensor monitors the loading force in real time. Because the loading stub is concentric with the rudder shaft, it does not move during rudder blade rotation, only rotates around its axis. The loading hydraulic cylinder does not extend or retract; it simply adjusts the output force.

[0037] During initial installation, the actual loading force of the loading hydraulic cylinder must be calibrated according to the display of the force sensor.

[0038] Bending moment load = F 加载力× L 力臂 , where F 加载力 : Output load of the loading cylinder; L arm: The distance between the loading point of the loading cylinder and the rudder shaft support point.

[0039] Assume that the bending moment load generated by the hydrodynamic force is as shown in Figure 4, F 加载力 = bending moment / (L 力臂 ), then F 加载力 The output curve is shown in Figure 5.

Claims

1. A ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rudder blade, a rudder shaft, a loading mechanism and a control system, wherein the rudder blade is connected to one end of the rudder shaft, a radial hole is provided at the center of the rudder blade, the loading mechanism is connected to the rudder blade through the radial hole, the control system comprises a force sensor, an angular displacement sensor and a control box, the force sensor is installed on the loading mechanism, the angular displacement sensor is installed at the other end of the rudder shaft, and the control box is connected to the loading mechanism, the force sensor and the angular displacement sensor.

2. A ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading mechanism includes a loading short shaft, a loading hydraulic cylinder and a transition rod. The loading short shaft is horizontally arranged in the radial hole, the loading short shaft is sleeved with a bearing, the top end of the transition rod is connected to the outer shell of the bearing, the bottom end of the transition rod is connected to the force sensor, and the force sensor is connected to the telescopic rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder.

3. A ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading short shaft is coaxially arranged with the rudder shaft, and the telescopic rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the loading short shaft.

4. A ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the loading short shaft are connected by welding to the ribs in the rudder blade, a bushing is arranged outside the loading short shaft, and the bearing is fixed on the bushing.

5. A ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A screw hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of the shell of the bearing, and an external thread is arranged at the top of the transition rod, which is threadedly connected with the screw hole.

6. A ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that: The loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to the ground base through bolts, and a gasket is provided at the contact point.

7. A loading method using the ship rudder blade bending moment simulation loading device as described in claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: It includes the following: The monitoring signals of the loading hydraulic cylinder, angular displacement sensor and force sensor are transmitted to the control box. The control box collects the rotation angle signal of the rudder blade in real time through the angular displacement sensor according to the set loading curve, controls the loading hydraulic cylinder to load, and then simulates the bending moment of the rudder blade in the water. The force sensor monitors the magnitude of the loading force in real time.

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