Sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones and preparation method therefor

Abstract

A sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones and a preparation method thereof. The sweetener composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of chia seeds, 0.5-2 parts of guar gum, 0.25-1 part of gelatin, 30-60 parts of xylitol, 5-20 parts of maltitol and 1-5 parts of sorbitol. These raw material particles are mixed to form the composition. By compounding chia seeds, guar gum and sugar alcohols, gastrointestinal hormones are regulated to specifically increase GLP-1 and CCK, and inhibit GAS, thereby reducing the rate of gastric emptying, prolonging the digestion time of sugar alcohols in the intestinal tract, alleviating diarrhea issues caused by excessive consumption of sugar alcohols, and further increasing the amount of sugar alcohols that can be added to food colloid products.

Description

Sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones and preparation method thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sugar alcohol application, and particularly relates to a sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Data shows that the absorption and digestibility of xylitol, sorbitol, mannose, etc. in the small intestine is less than 50%, while the absorption and digestibility in the large intestine is over 50%, or even over 75%. Due to the high permeability of substances such as xylitol, sorbitol, and mannose, after consuming large amounts of these substances, the osmotic effect of these hypertonic substances themselves hinders the intestinal wall's reabsorption of water and electrolytes, resulting in an excess of unabsorbed water-soluble solutes in the intestinal cavity, causing osmotic diarrhea, a phenomenon known as sugar alcohol intolerance. In order to avoid this phenomenon during the development of sugar substitute products, high-intensity sweeteners are usually selected to increase sweetness and reduce the amount of sugar alcohol used. This is also a common circumvention method in the industry to avoid intolerances such as diarrhea caused by excessive addition of sugar alcohols.

[0003] Artificial sweeteners (AS) can affect gastrointestinal motility through gastrointestinal hormones such as incretin (glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastrin (GAS). GLP-1 is secreted by intestinal L cells and can regulate appetite, insulin secretion, and intestinal motility. CCK is present in type I secretory cells of the small intestinal mucosa, as well as in the brain and peripheral nerves. Its function is to stimulate pancreatic islet cells to secrete insulin and delay gastric emptying. GAS is mainly secreted and released by G cells in the gastric antral mucosa. It stimulates hydrochloric acid secretion through the blood circulation, promotes the proliferation of gastric mucosal and gastric wall cells, and promotes gastrointestinal secretion, gastric antrum and gastric body contraction, and gastric emptying.

[0004] Disturbances in gastrointestinal hormone secretion can lead to disorders in the water and electrolyte secretion of the gastrointestinal mucosa, accelerate gastrointestinal motility, and then cause diarrhea or cause persistent diarrhea. Regulating the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones will help regulate the water and electrolyte balance of the gastrointestinal mucosa and improve gastrointestinal function, which also suggests that regulating gastrointestinal hormones can improve diarrhea.

[0005] Other literature indicates that partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) can inhibit osmotic diarrhea caused by consuming sufficient amounts of maltitol or lactitol in female subjects. Furthermore, short-term ingestion of guar gum (maximum human intake: 40 mg / g) increases GLP-1 levels, while 20 g of PHGG increases CCK levels. This suggests that colloids like guar gum can significantly increase appetite suppressants and slow gastric emptying.

[0006] Chia seeds' active ingredients primarily include fatty acids, phenolic acid flavonoids, protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They have antioxidant effects and regulate blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels. Domestic research focuses on the composition, efficacy, and application development of chia seeds. Related literature indicates that consuming chia seed-containing yogurt, using a visual analog scale (VAS) to assess hunger, satiety, expected food intake, and food intake, has shown an increase in appetite. Therefore, it is hypothesized that chia seeds can suppress appetite-stimulating factors, regulate gastrointestinal hormones, and further increase gastrointestinal digestion time.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones and a preparation method thereof. By using a formula of compound sugar alcohols such as chia seeds and guar gum, the gastric emptying rate is reduced by regulating gastrointestinal hormones to increase GLP-1 and CCK in a targeted manner, inhibit GAS, etc., and the digestion time of sugar alcohols in the intestine is prolonged, thereby improving the diarrhea problem that may be caused by excessive consumption of sugar alcohols.

[0009] The present invention is achieved by providing a sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones, which comprises 1 to 5 parts by weight of chia seeds, 0.5 to 2 parts of guar gum, 0.25 to 1 part of gelatin, 30 to 60 parts of xylitol, 5 to 20 parts of maltitol and 1 to 5 parts of sorbitol.

[0010] Furthermore, the particle size of each component of the sweetener composition is less than 80 mesh.

[0011] The present invention is achieved by providing a method for preparing the aforementioned gastrointestinal hormone-regulating sweetener composition, comprising the following steps: sieving particles of chia seeds, guar gum, gelatin, xylitol, maltitol, and sorbitol through an 80-mesh sieve, weighing 1 to 5 parts of chia seeds, 0.5 to 2 parts of guar gum, 0.25 to 1 part of gelatin, 30 to 60 parts of xylitol, 5 to 20 parts of maltitol, and 1 to 5 parts of sorbitol, and mixing the mixture in a fixed hopper mixer for 30 minutes until the color is uniform, thereby obtaining the desired gastrointestinal hormone-regulating sweetener composition.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method further comprises the step of preparing the gastrointestinal hormone regulating sweetener composition into tablets or pills.

[0013] Compared to the prior art, the present invention provides a sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones and its preparation method. The sweetener composition comprises, by weight, 1 to 5 parts chia seeds, 0.5 to 2 parts guar gum, 0.25 to 1 part gelatin, 30 to 60 parts xylitol, 5 to 20 parts maltitol, and 1 to 5 parts sorbitol. The present invention utilizes a formula of compound sugar alcohols, such as chia seeds and guar gum, to regulate gastrointestinal hormones by targetedly increasing GLP-1 and CCK, inhibiting GAS, and reducing gastric emptying rate, thereby prolonging the digestion time of sugar alcohols in the intestine. This improves diarrhea that can result from excessive sugar alcohol consumption and further increases the amount of sugar alcohols added to food colloid products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the experimental results of the diarrhea rates of rats in the control group and the formula group in the experiment of the present invention;

[0015] FIG2a is a schematic diagram comparing the experimental results of GLP-1 in rats in the control group and the formula group in the experiment of the present invention;

[0016] FIG2 b is a schematic diagram comparing the experimental results of CCK in rats in the control group and the formula group in the experiment of the present invention;

[0017] FIG2c is a schematic diagram comparing the experimental results of GAS in rats in the control group and the formula group in the experiment of the present invention;

[0018] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the statistical data comparison of xylitol content in the excreta of rats in the control group and the formula group in the experiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] A preferred embodiment of the sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones of the present invention comprises 1 to 5 parts by weight of chia seeds, 0.5 to 2 parts of guar gum, 0.25 to 1 part of gelatin, 30 to 60 parts of xylitol, 5 to 20 parts of maltitol, and 1 to 5 parts of sorbitol.

[0021] Specifically, the particle size of each component of the sweetener composition is less than 80 mesh.

[0022] The present invention is achieved by providing a method for preparing the aforementioned gastrointestinal hormone-regulating sweetener composition, comprising the following steps: sieving particles of chia seeds, guar gum, gelatin, xylitol, maltitol, and sorbitol through an 80-mesh sieve, weighing 1 to 5 parts of chia seeds, 0.5 to 2 parts of guar gum, 0.25 to 1 part of gelatin, 30 to 60 parts of xylitol, 5 to 20 parts of maltitol, and 1 to 5 parts of sorbitol, and mixing the mixture in a fixed hopper mixer for 30 minutes until the color is uniform, thereby obtaining the desired gastrointestinal hormone-regulating sweetener composition.

[0023] Specifically, the preparation method further comprises the step of further preparing the gastrointestinal hormone regulating sweetener composition into tablets or pills.

[0024] The following experiments are conducted to verify the efficacy of the sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones of the present invention.

[0025] The experiment was conducted on SD male rats aged 6 to 8 weeks. The experiment included the following steps:

[0026] 1. Prepare the experimental reagents: According to the requirements of the following control group and formula group, weigh appropriate amounts of raw materials and fill up to 100mL with water to obtain the required experimental reagents.

[0027] Control group 1: 100 mL of water.

[0028] Control group 2: Each 100mL contains 5 parts of chia seeds, 2 parts of guar gum, and 1 part of gelatin, and is supplemented with appropriate amount of water to 100mL.

[0029] Control group 3: Each 100 mL contains 30 parts of xylitol, 5 parts of maltitol, and 1 part of sorbitol, and is supplemented with appropriate amount of water to 100 mL.

[0030] Control group 4: Each 100 mL contains 60 parts of xylitol, 20 parts of maltitol, and 5 parts of sorbitol, and is supplemented with appropriate amount of water to 100 mL.

[0031] Formula group 1: Each 100 mL contains 1 part of chia seeds, 0.5 parts of guar gum, 0.25 parts of gelatin, 30 parts of xylitol, 5 parts of maltitol, 1 part of sorbitol, and appropriate amount of water to make up to 100 mL.

[0032] Formula group 2: Each 100 mL contains 2 parts of chia seeds, 1 part of guar gum, 0.5 parts of gelatin, 40 parts of xylitol, 15 parts of maltitol, 2 parts of sorbitol, and appropriate amount of water to make up to 100 mL.

[0033] Formula group 3: Each 100 mL contains 3 parts of chia seeds, 2 parts of guar gum, 0.5 parts of gelatin, 50 parts of xylitol, 15 parts of maltitol, 3 parts of sorbitol, and appropriate amount of water to make up to 100 mL.

[0034] Formula group 4: Each 100 mL contains 5 parts of chia seeds, 2 parts of guar gum, 1 part of gelatin, 60 parts of xylitol, 20 parts of maltitol, and 5 parts of sorbitol. Add appropriate amount of water to make up to 100 mL.

[0035] 2. Experimental methods

[0036] 1) Animal requirements: Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 to 8 weeks, weighing 200 g ± 20 g, were fed adaptively for 1 week and then divided evenly into 8 groups of 15 rats per group according to body weight. Five rats were used only for the gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion rate experiments.

[0037] 2) Feeding plan: At 9:00 am, according to the body surface area conversion formula between humans and rats, the six groups of rats were gavage-fed with control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, formula group 1, formula group 2, and formula group 3, respectively. They were allowed to drink water and be fed freely in the early stage.

[0038] 3) Diarrhea rate experiment:

[0039] After gavage with the experimental reagent at the appropriate dose based on body weight, observe and record the diarrhea of ​​each group of rats, and calculate the probability of rats with diarrhea in each group. Record the data twice, 4 to 8 hours after gavage, for example, gavage at 9:00 AM and observation at 1:00 PM and 4:00 PM. Diarrhea can be determined by observing the rat's anus, supporting the rat, or pulling the tail to promote defecation.

[0040] 4) Gastric emptying rate test and small intestinal propulsion rate test:

[0041] The experimental mice in each group were fasted but not watered the night before the experiment and fasted but not watered on the day of the experiment.

[0042] On the second day, the rats were gavaged with a sweetener. 0.5 h later, a suspension of activated carbon and sodium carboxymethylcellulose was administered via gavage at a rate of 10 mL / kg of rat body weight. The weight of the gavage solution, X, was recorded. Thirty minutes later, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and dissected. The upper and lower parts of the stomach were tied with surgical sutures, and the weight of the entire stomach (A1) was measured. The entire stomach was then cleaned and the wet weight (A2) of the stomach was weighed to calculate the gastric emptying rate. The total length of the small intestine (B1) and the length of carbon powder propelled (B2) were then measured with a tape measure to determine the small intestinal propulsion rate for each group.

[0043] Gastric emptying rate (%) = [X - (A1 - A2)] / X × 100%,

[0044] Small intestine propulsion rate (%) = B2 / B1×100%,

[0045] 5) Gastrointestinal hormone index determination:

[0046] Blood was collected from each group of rats at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours after oral administration of the sweetener. Plasma was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C. The supernatant was aliquoted and stored at -80°C until further use. Serum GLP-1, CCK, and GAS levels were measured strictly according to the kit instructions, and the data were summarized and integrated using the area under the curve (AUC).

[0047] 6) Xylitol content determination:

[0048] Seven hours after gavage, excreta from each group of rats was collected for xylitol content determination. The pretreatment method described in GB 5009.279-2016, "Determination of Xylitol, Sorbitol, Maltitol, and Erythritol Sugars in Foods," was used. After the frozen contents were dissolved at room temperature, a certain weight was weighed and placed in a 50-mL centrifuge tube. 10 mL of water was added and the mixture was shaken well. Ultrasonication was performed for 30 minutes, followed by oscillation every 5 minutes to mix thoroughly. The mixture was then centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 10 minutes. 1.25 mL of trichloroacetic acid solution was added to the supernatant, shaken well, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes. The mixture was then centrifuged at 9500 rpm for 10 minutes. 8 mL of the supernatant was transferred to a 10-mL volumetric flask and brought to volume with water. After shaken well, 850 μL of the filtrate was added. 150 μL of sodium carbonate solution was added and the mixture was shaken well to neutralize the mixture. The mixture was then filtered through a 0.22 μm filter membrane and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (H column).

[0049] 3. Experimental results show

[0050] (1) Please refer to Figure 1 for a comparison of the experimental results of diarrhea rates in rats in the control group and the formula group:

[0051] ① Control group 1 vs. control group 2, which did not contain sugar alcohol ingredients and did not cause diarrhea;

[0052] ②Control group 3 vs. formula group 1: with the same amount of sugar alcohol added, formula group 1 reduced the diarrhea rate from 35% to 20% due to the addition of 1 part of chia seeds, 0.5 parts of guar gum, and 0.25 parts of gelatin.

[0053] ③ Control 4 vs. Formula Group 4: Under the same amount of sugar alcohol added, the diarrhea rate in Formula Group 4 was reduced from the original 90% to 55% due to the addition of 5 parts of chia seeds, 2 parts of guar gum, and 1 part of gelatin, which was the most significant reduction effect.

[0054] (2) Please refer to Figures 2a to 2c for a comparison of the gastrointestinal hormone index test results of rats in the control group and the formula group:

[0055] By detecting this indicator, the gastric emptying situation is evaluated and verified. GLP-1 and CCK are hormones that suppress appetite, which increase digestion time by delaying the gastric emptying rate; GAS is an appetite-stimulating hormone that promotes the proliferation of gastric mucosal and gastric wall cells, thereby promoting gastric motility. As shown in Figures 2a to 2c, compared with control groups 3 and 4, respectively, the GLP-1 and CCK contents of formulas 1 and 4 were significantly increased, and the GAS content was significantly decreased. Among them, the gastrointestinal changes in formula 4 were the largest and the trend was in line with the direction of improvement, indicating that the gastrointestinal motility of the rats in this group was lower, and the front part of the intestine stayed longer, which was conducive to digestion and absorption. The results show that the composition can effectively slow down the gastric emptying rate and reduce intestinal motility.

[0056] (3) Please refer to the table below for a comparison of the experimental results of gastric emptying rate and intestinal motility rate in rats in the control group and the formula group:

[0057] Table 1 Comparison of experimental results of gastric emptying rate and intestinal motility rate in each control group and formula group

[0058] As can be seen in the table above, compared to control group 1, the guar gum and chia seeds in control group 2 significantly slowed gastric emptying rate and intestinal motility rate; formula groups 1 and 4 also had the same effect compared to control groups 3 and 4, respectively. This value directly reflects the effect triggered by gastrointestinal hormones, and the impact is consistent.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a statistical comparison of xylitol content in the excreta of rats in each control group and formula group. This indicator characterizes the digestion and absorption of xylitol in the body, and further verifies the gastrointestinal propulsion and emptying rate. The data in Figure 3 show that the xylitol content in the excreta of control group 1 and control group 2, which were not fed xylitol, could not be detected. The xylitol content in the excreta of control groups 3-4 and formula groups 1-4, which were fed xylitol, could be detected. The xylitol content in formula groups 1 and 4 was significantly reduced compared with control groups 3 and 4, respectively, indicating that at the same sugar alcohol dosage, the addition of the compound solution effectively increased the digestion amount of xylitol in rats, which is consistent with the results of gastrointestinal hormones, gastric emptying rate, and intestinal propulsion rate.

[0060] In summary, by adding a certain amount of chia seeds, guar gum and other substances to the sugar alcohol formula, the GAS-appetite factor is reduced, the CCK and GLP-1 appetite suppressant factors are increased, the gastric digestion rate is slowed down, and the digestion time in the front of the intestine is increased. The changes in fecal content also prove that it can effectively increase the digestion amount of xylitol in the intestine and reduce the diarrhea caused by sugar alcohol. Among them, the effect of formula group 4 is the best, precisely because its gastrointestinal hormone secretion is consistent, with the highest secretion of GLP-1 and CCK, the lowest secretion of GAS, and the best gastrointestinal hormone regulation effect, which leads to the highest degree of slowing of gastric emptying rate and intestinal motility rate. Due to the regulation of gastrointestinal hormones, the digestion time of xylitol is delayed, the digestion and decomposition of xylitol are promoted, and the diarrhea is alleviated.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones, characterized in that: The invention comprises 1 to 5 parts by weight of chia seeds, 0.5 to 2 parts of guar gum, 0.25 to 1 part of gelatin, 30 to 60 parts of xylitol, 5 to 20 parts of maltitol and 1 to 5 parts of sorbitol.

2. The sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of each component of the sweetener composition is less than 80 mesh.

3. A method for preparing a sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: respectively screening particles of chia seeds, guar gum, gelatin, xylitol, maltitol and sorbitol through an 80-mesh screen, weighing 1-5 parts of chia seeds, 0.5-2 parts of guar gum, 0.25-1 parts of gelatin, 30-60 parts of xylitol, 5-20 parts of maltitol and 1-5 parts of sorbitol, placing them in a fixed hopper mixer and mixing them for 30 minutes until the colors are uniform, thereby obtaining the desired sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones.

4. The method for preparing the sweetener composition for regulating gastrointestinal hormones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises the step of further preparing the gastrointestinal hormone regulating sweetener composition into tablets or pills.

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