Optical element, lens, optical system and electronic device

Abstract

An electronic device, comprising an optical system provided with an optical element (100) or a lens having the optical element (100). The optical element (100) comprises: a base body (100a), a first light-transmitting plate (201), a second light-transmitting plate (202), and a flow guide pipe (210); an optical channel is provided in the base body (100a); the first light-transmitting plate (201) and the second light-transmitting plate (202) respectively cover two ends of the optical channel to form an accommodating cavity (110), and the accommodating cavity (110) comprises a first chamber (111) close to the first light-transmitting plate (201) and a second chamber (112) close to the second light-transmitting plate (202); the first chamber (111) is suitable for being filling with a gaseous medium, and the second chamber (112) is suitable for being filling with a liquid medium (121); the flow guide pipe (210) is communicated with the second chamber (112), and is used for injecting or extracting the liquid medium (121) into the second chamber (112) so as to adjust the curvature of a gas-liquid two-phase interface (120) formed by the gaseous medium and the liquid medium (121).

Description

Optical element, lens, optical system and electronic equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202323394938.X, filed on December 12, 2023, entitled “An optical element, lens, optical system and electronic device,” and the entire contents of that application are incorporated herein for all purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the technical field of optical elements, and specifically relates to an optical element, a lens, an optical system and an electronic device. Background Art

[0004] In related art, a liquid lens comprises a base body and a transparent liquid covering both ends of the base body. A chamber is provided within the base body to hold the transparent liquid. By varying the volume of the transparent liquid within the chamber, the translucent film undergoes concave-convex deformation, thereby achieving variable focus. However, this liquid lens structure suffers from significant image aberrations due to the uneven deformation of the translucent film during zooming. Furthermore, the rough surface of the translucent film can affect the performance of the liquid lens.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application aims to provide an optical element, a lens, an optical system and an electronic device, which can solve the problem that the performance of the liquid lens is affected by the uneven deformation of the transparent film and the rough surface of the liquid lens structure in the related art.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical element, comprising: a base, a first light-transmitting plate, a second light-transmitting plate, and a flow guide tube;

[0009] An optical channel is provided in the base, and a first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate are respectively sealed at both ends of the optical channel to form an accommodating cavity, wherein the accommodating cavity includes a first cavity close to the first light-transmitting plate and a second cavity close to the second light-transmitting plate;

[0010] The first chamber is suitable for filling a gaseous medium, and the second chamber is suitable for filling a liquid medium; the flow guide tube is connected to the second chamber and is used to inject or extract the liquid medium into the second chamber to adjust the curvature of the gas-liquid two-phase interface formed by the gaseous medium and the liquid medium.

[0011] Optionally, a contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber and the liquid medium is smaller than a contact angle between the inner wall of the first chamber and the liquid medium.

[0012] Optionally, the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber and the liquid medium is less than 90°, and the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber and the liquid medium is greater than 90°.

[0013] Optionally, a flow limiting structure is provided between the inner wall of the first chamber and the inner wall of the second chamber, and the flow limiting structure is used to limit the liquid medium from flowing into the first chamber.

[0014] Optionally, the flow limiting structure includes a step portion provided inside the base, the step portion is provided between the inner wall of the first chamber and the inner wall of the second chamber, and the step portion is used to limit the liquid medium from flowing into the first chamber.

[0015] Optionally, the direction from the first light-transmitting plate to the second light-transmitting plate is defined as a first direction, and perpendicular to the first direction, the dimension of the step portion close to the first cavity is D1, and the dimension of the step portion close to the second cavity is D2, satisfying: D1>D2.

[0016] Optionally, the substrate includes: a first substrate and a second substrate;

[0017] One end of the first base is sleeved on the outside of one end of the second base to form the step portion between the first base and the second base;

[0018] The first light-transmitting plate is connected to the other end of the first base, and the first light-transmitting plate and the first base together form the first cavity; the second light-transmitting plate is connected to the other end of the second base, and the second light-transmitting plate and the second base together form the second cavity.

[0019] Optionally, the flow limiting structure includes a modified material layer, which is at least partially disposed on a side of the inner wall of the second chamber close to the first chamber, and a contact angle between the modified material layer and the liquid medium is less than 90°.

[0020] Optionally, the modified material layer is made of a hydrophilic material, and the second chamber is suitable for being filled with an aqueous solution;

[0021] Alternatively, the modified material layer is made of an oleophilic material, and the second chamber is suitable for being filled with an oil solution.

[0022] Optionally, a direction from the first light-transmitting plate to the second light-transmitting plate is defined as a first direction; a maximum dimension of the first cavity perpendicular to the first direction is L1, and a height of the first cavity along the first direction is H1, satisfying: H1 / L1≥0.25;

[0023] And / or, along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, a maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 500 mm.

[0024] Optionally, a direction from the first light-transmitting plate to the second light-transmitting plate is defined as a first direction; a maximum dimension of the second cavity perpendicular to the first direction is L2; ​​a height of the second cavity along the first direction is H2, and the following condition is satisfied: H2 / L2 ≥ 0.25;

[0025] And / or, along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, a maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 500 mm.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application proposes a lens comprising: a gaseous medium, a liquid medium, and the optical element as described above; the gaseous medium is filled in the first chamber, and the liquid medium is filled in the second chamber to form the gas-liquid two-phase interface between the first chamber and the second chamber.

[0027] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application proposes an optical system, comprising: a liquid storage device, an injection pump, and an optical element as described in any one of the above items, or a lens as described in the above embodiments; the end of the guide tube away from the base is connected to the liquid storage device, and the injection pump is connected to the guide tube.

[0028] Optionally, the optical system further includes: a monitoring tube and a pressure measuring piece, one end of the monitoring tube is connected to the second chamber, and the other end of the monitoring tube is connected to the pressure measuring piece, and the pressure measuring piece is used to detect the pressure of the liquid medium in the second chamber.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic device comprising the optical system described in any one of the above items.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, an optical channel is provided within a base, and a first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate are provided at both ends of the optical channel. The first light-transmitting plate, the second light-transmitting plate, and the base can enclose a receiving chamber. During use, a gaseous medium is filled into a first chamber near the first light-transmitting plate, and a liquid medium is filled into a second chamber near the second light-transmitting plate, so that a gas-liquid two-phase interface can be formed between the first chamber and the second chamber. Furthermore, a flow guide is provided to communicate with the second chamber, and liquid medium is injected or extracted into or from the second chamber using the flow guide to adjust the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface, thereby changing the light transmission path within the optical channel and achieving a precise optical zoom effect. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0033] FIG1 is a perspective view of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG2 is a second perspective view of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG3 is an exploded view of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a first optical element in a flat mirror state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the first optical element in a positive lens state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the first optical element in a negative lens state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a second optical element in a positive lens state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a third optical element in a positive lens state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG10 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of a step portion provided in an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth optical element in a flat mirror state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a fifth optical element in a flat mirror state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an optical system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure markings: 100: optical element; 100a: substrate; 101: first substrate; 102: second substrate; 110: accommodating cavity; 111: first chamber; 112: second chamber; 120: interface; 121: liquid medium; 131: step portion; 132: modified material layer; 140: upper cover plate; 150: lower cover plate; 160: fastener; 201: first light-transmitting plate; 202: second light-transmitting plate; 210: flow guide tube; X: first direction; 310: liquid storage device; 320: liquid injection pump; 330: monitoring tube; 340: pressure measuring piece; 350: stop valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly refer to one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected entities, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the connected entities.

[0049] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] The optical element, lens, optical system and electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0052] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the optical element 100 according to some embodiments of the present application includes a base 100a, a first light-transmitting plate 201, a second light-transmitting plate 202 and a flow guide tube 210; an optical channel is provided in the base 100a, and the first light-transmitting plate 201 and the second light-transmitting plate 202 are respectively sealed at both ends of the optical channel to form a accommodating cavity 110, and the accommodating cavity 110 includes a first chamber 111 close to the first light-transmitting plate 201 and a second chamber 112 close to the second light-transmitting plate 202; the first chamber 111 is suitable for filling a gaseous medium, and the second chamber 112 is suitable for filling a liquid medium 121, forming a gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112; the flow guide tube 210 is connected to the second chamber 112, and is used to inject or extract the liquid medium 121 into the second chamber 112 to adjust the curvature of the interface 120.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, an optical channel is provided within a base 100a, and a first light-transmitting plate 201 and a second light-transmitting plate 202 are provided at both ends of the optical channel. The first light-transmitting plate 201, the second light-transmitting plate 202, and the base 100a can enclose a receiving chamber 110. During use, a gaseous medium is filled into a first chamber 111 near the first light-transmitting plate 201, and a liquid medium 121 is filled into a second chamber 112 near the second light-transmitting plate 202, so that a gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 can be formed between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112. Furthermore, a flow guide 210 is provided to communicate with the second chamber 112, and the flow guide 210 is used to inject or extract the liquid medium 121 into or from the second chamber 112 to adjust the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, thereby changing the light transmission path within the optical channel and achieving a precise optical zoom effect. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0054] Specifically, the optical element 100 includes a base 100a, in which an optical channel is provided through the base 100a. Along the extension direction of the optical channel, a first light-transmitting plate 201 is provided at one end of the base 100a, and a second light-transmitting plate 202 is provided at the other end. The first light-transmitting plate 201 and the second light-transmitting plate 202 are both sealed and connected to the base 100a, and then a closed accommodating cavity 110 is formed by the first light-transmitting plate 201, the second light-transmitting plate 202 and the base 100a.

[0055] Among them, the accommodating cavity 110 can be divided into two parts, one part is the first chamber 111 close to the first light-transmitting plate 201, and the other part is the second chamber 112 close to the second light-transmitting plate 202. Then, the first chamber 111 can be filled with a gaseous medium, and the second chamber 112 can be filled with a liquid medium 121 to form a gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112.

[0056] At the same time, a flow guide tube 210 is provided on the base 100a so that the flow guide tube 210 is connected to the second chamber 112. The liquid medium 121 can be injected into the second chamber 112 through the flow guide tube 210, or part of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112 can be discharged to change the filling amount of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112, thereby adjusting the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120.

[0057] In a specific application, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, when external light enters the optical channel through the first light-transmitting plate 201 located at one end of the substrate 100a, it passes through the gaseous medium and the liquid medium 121 in sequence before being transmitted through the second light-transmitting plate 202 located at the other end of the substrate 100a. During this process, the gas is refracted when passing through the gas-liquid interface 120. Furthermore, by adjusting the curvature of the formed gas-liquid interface 120, the light transmission path can be adjusted, achieving an optical focusing effect.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 formed between the gaseous medium and the liquid medium 121 is evenly distributed, ensuring the uniformity of light transmission. At the same time, the zoom purpose can be achieved by changing the filling amount of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and it is easy to control in actual use.

[0059] It should be noted that the base 100a in the embodiment of the present application can adopt an integrated structure or a split structure, which is not limited here.

[0060] In some embodiments, the gaseous medium can be a colorless transparent gas such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.; the liquid medium 121 can be a polar transparent liquid such as pure water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc., or a non-polar transparent liquid such as silicone oil, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, etc.

[0061] Of course, the specific types of the gaseous medium and the liquid medium 121 can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, as long as no chemical reaction occurs between the gaseous medium and the liquid medium 121. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0062] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, the optical element 100 may further include an upper cover plate 140, a lower cover plate 150 and a fastener 160. The upper cover plate 140 is arranged on the side of the first light-transmitting plate 201 away from the base 100a, and the lower cover plate 150 is arranged on the side of the second light-transmitting plate 202 away from the base 100a. The upper cover plate 140 and the lower cover plate 150 are detachably connected by the fastener 160, and then the cooperation of the upper cover plate 140 and the lower cover plate 150 can be used to limit and fix the first light-transmitting plate 201, the second light-transmitting plate 202 and the base 100a.

[0063] The upper cover plate 140 and the lower cover plate 150 are provided with through holes at positions corresponding to the optical channels in the base 100 a so that light can enter and exit the optical channels through the through holes.

[0064] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5 , the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 is smaller than the contact angle between the inner wall of the first chamber 111 and the liquid medium 121 .

[0065] In an embodiment of the present application, the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 is set to be smaller than the contact angle between the inner wall of the first chamber 111 and the liquid medium 121, that is, the inner wall of the second chamber 112 is more easily wetted by the liquid medium 121, and a stable gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 can be formed between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112.

[0066] At the same time, because the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the inner wall of the first chamber 111 each have different contact angles with the liquid medium 121, the flow of the liquid medium 121 between the inner walls of the second chamber 112 and the inner walls of the first chamber 111 can be restricted. Thus, by varying the filling level of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112, the shape of the resulting gas-liquid interface 120 changes accordingly, thereby adjusting the curvature of the gas-liquid interface 120 and achieving the purpose of optical zoom.

[0067] In specific applications, different materials can be used to form different positions of the substrate 100a, or the structure of the substrate 100a can be designed to achieve a contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 that is smaller than the contact angle between the inner wall of the first chamber 111 and the liquid medium 121. Of course, other methods can also be used to control the size of the contact angle, and this application does not limit this.

[0068] Optionally, as shown in FIG5 , the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 is less than 90°, and the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 is greater than 90°.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 is set to be less than 90°, so that the liquid medium 121 is easily wetted by the liquid medium 121, while the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 is set to be greater than 90°, so that the inner wall of the second chamber 112 is not easily wetted by the liquid medium 121. In this way, not only can a stable gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 be formed between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112, but the flow of the liquid medium 121 between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the inner wall of the first chamber 111 can also be further restricted, thereby facilitating precise control of the curvature of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 and achieving more precise optical zoom.

[0070] The contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 can be set to any angle such as 0°, 5°, 10°, 30°, 50°, 60°, 80°, 89°, or a range between any two angles.

[0071] The contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber 112 and the liquid medium 121 can be set to any angle such as 95°, 100°, 130°, 150°, 160°, 180°, or a range between any two angles.

[0072] For example, the liquid medium 121 may be pure water. Accordingly, the inner wall of the second chamber 112 may be set to be hydrophilic, and the inner wall of the first chamber 111 may be set to be hydrophobic.

[0073] Alternatively, the liquid medium 121 may be an oil solution, and accordingly, the inner wall of the second chamber 112 may be set to be oleophilic, while the inner wall of the first chamber 111 may be set to be oleophobic.

[0074] Of course, the type of liquid medium 121 filled in the second chamber 112 and the inner wall settings of the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112 can be flexibly designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0075] Optionally, as shown in FIG5 and FIG8 , a flow limiting structure is provided between the inner wall of the first chamber 111 and the inner wall of the second chamber 112 , and the flow limiting structure is used to limit the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112 from flowing toward the first chamber 111 .

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, a flow limiting structure is provided between the inner wall of the first chamber 111 and the inner wall of the second chamber 112. The flow limiting structure can limit the liquid medium 121 from flowing along the inner wall of the second chamber 112 to the inner wall of the first chamber 111, thereby changing the filling amount of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112, and achieving precise adjustment of the curvature change of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120.

[0077] Optionally, as shown in Figures 5 and 8, the flow limiting structure includes a step portion 131 provided inside the base 100a, the step portion 131 is provided between the inner wall of the first chamber 111 and the inner wall of the second chamber 112, and the step portion 131 is used to limit the liquid medium 121 from flowing into the first chamber 111.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing a step 131 between the inner wall of the first chamber 111 and the inner wall of the second chamber 112, when the liquid medium 121 flows to the step 131, stress concentration at the corner of the step 131 creates surface tension that restricts the movement of the liquid medium 121. This allows a stable gas-liquid interface 120 to be formed between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112. Furthermore, the restrictive effect of the step 131 facilitates precise control of the curvature of the gas-liquid interface 120 by varying the filling level of the liquid medium 121, thereby achieving a more precise optical zoom effect.

[0079] It is understandable that the inner wall of the base 100a between the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112 can be arranged to protrude and extend toward the accommodating cavity to form a step portion 131 (as shown in Figure 8); or the step portion 131 can be formed by setting the inner wall size of the first cavity 111 to be different from the inner wall size of the second cavity 112 (as shown in Figures 5 and 11).

[0080] Of course, the step portion 131 may also adopt other structures that can limit the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112 from flowing along the inner wall of the second chamber 112 to the inner wall of the first chamber 111 . This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0081] Optionally, as shown in Figures 10 to 12, the direction from the first light-transmitting plate 201 to the second light-transmitting plate 202 is defined as a first direction X. Along the direction perpendicular to the first direction X, the dimension of the side of the step portion 131 close to the first cavity 111 is D1, and the dimension of the side of the step portion 131 close to the second cavity 112 is D2, satisfying: D1>D2.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, a step portion 131 is provided on the inner wall of the second chamber 112 on the side close to the first chamber 111, and the dimension D1 of the step portion 131 on the side close to the first chamber 111 is set to be larger than the dimension D2 of the step portion 131 on the side close to the second chamber 112. Furthermore, when the liquid medium 121 completely fills the second chamber 112, the surface tension of the liquid medium 121 increases at the corner of the step portion 131, restricting further flow of the liquid medium 121, thereby forming a stable gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112. By adjusting the filling amount of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112, the curvature of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 can be precisely controlled.

[0083] It should be noted that the step portion 131 and the base 100a can adopt an integral structure or a separate structure, and can be flexibly configured according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions thereon.

[0084] Optionally, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, the base 100a includes: a first base 101 and a second base 102; one end of the first base 101 is sleeved on the outside of one end of the second base 102 to form a step portion 131 between the first base 101 and the second base 102; a first light-transmitting plate 201 is connected to the other end of the first base 101, and the first light-transmitting plate 201 and the first base 101 are enclosed to form a first cavity 111; the second light-transmitting plate 202 is connected to the other end of the second base 102, and the second light-transmitting plate 202 and the second base 102 are enclosed to form a second cavity 112.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 are sealed and connected to form a substrate 100a, so that one end of the first substrate 101 is sleeved on the outside of one end of the second substrate 102 to form a step portion 131 between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. In this way, not only can the step portion 131 at the end of the second substrate 102 be used to restrict the flow of the liquid medium 121, but it also facilitates actual processing and manufacturing.

[0086] It should be noted that the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 in the embodiment of the present application can be made of the same material or different materials, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 can be made of different materials. For example, when the selected liquid medium 121 is an aqueous solution, a hydrophilic material can be selected to make the second substrate 102, while the first substrate 101 can be made of a hydrophobic material. This can further limit the flow of the liquid medium 121 on the surface of the second substrate 102 and the first substrate 101, thereby facilitating the precise adjustment of the curvature of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120.

[0088] Correspondingly, when the selected liquid medium 121 is an oil solution, the first substrate 101 is made of an oleophilic material, and the second substrate 102 is made of an oleophobic material.

[0089] Optionally, as shown in FIG9 , the flow limiting structure includes a modified material layer 132 , which is at least partially disposed on the inner wall of the second chamber 112 close to the first chamber 111 , and a contact angle between the modified material layer 132 and the liquid medium 121 is less than 90°.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present application, a modified material layer 132 is provided on the inner wall of the second chamber 112 on the side close to the first chamber 111, so that the inner wall of the second chamber 112 is more easily wetted by the liquid medium 121, so as to form a stable gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112, and by adjusting the filling amount of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112, the curvature of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 can be precisely controlled.

[0091] For example, the contact angle between the modified material layer 132 and the liquid medium 121 can be set to any angle such as 0°, 5°, 10°, 30°, 50°, 60°, 80°, 89°, or a range between any two angles.

[0092] Among them, the modified material layer 132 can be covered on the side of the inner wall of the second chamber 112 close to the first chamber 111, or the inner wall of the second chamber 112 can be covered with the modified material layer 132 as a whole. The specific structure of the modified material layer 132 can be flexibly set according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0093] Alternatively, as shown in FIG9 , the modified material layer 132 is made of a hydrophilic material, and the second chamber 112 is suitable for being filled with an aqueous solution; alternatively, the modified material layer 132 is made of an oleophilic material, and the second chamber 112 is suitable for being filled with an oil solution. This can increase the surface energy of the modified material layer 132 relative to the liquid medium 121, thereby effectively preventing the liquid medium 121 from flowing from the inner wall of the second chamber 112 to the inner wall of the first chamber 111.

[0094] In some embodiments, the aqueous solution may include purified water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc., and the hydrophilic material may include fluoroalkyl acrylic oligomers, modified polypropylene, etc. The oil solution may include silicone oil, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, etc., and the oleophilic material may include alkyl vinyl polymer fibers, long-chain alkyl methacrylate fibers, etc. Of course, other materials may be used for the liquid medium 121 and the modified material layer 132, and this embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0095] Optionally, as shown in Figure 10, the direction from the first light-transmitting plate 201 to the second light-transmitting plate 202 is defined as the first direction X, the maximum size of the first cavity 111 is L1 perpendicular to the first direction X, and the height of the first cavity 111 is H1 along the first direction X, satisfying: H1 / L1≥0.25.

[0096] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the value range of the ratio H1 / L1 of the height H1 of the first chamber 111 to the maximum size L1 of the first chamber 111, when changing the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, the interference of the space size in the first chamber 111 on the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 is reduced, thereby ensuring the performance of the optical element 100.

[0097] It can be understood that, as shown in Figure 6, when the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 bulges toward the first chamber 111, if the height H1 of the first chamber 111 is too small, the bulging gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 will contact the first light-transmitting plate 201, affecting the stability of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120.

[0098] Exemplarily, the ratio H1 / L1 between the height H1 of the first chamber 111 and the maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber 111 can be set to any value such as 0.25, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10, or a range between any two values.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber 111 along a direction perpendicular to the first direction X satisfies the following conditions: 10 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 500 mm. By setting a value range for the maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber 111, sufficient space within the first chamber 111 for light to pass through can be ensured while preventing the first chamber 111 from being too large and thus affecting the formation of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120.

[0100] Exemplarily, the maximum size L1 of the first chamber 111 can be set to any value such as 10 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, 450 mm, 500 mm, or a range between any two values.

[0101] It can be understood that the dimension D1 of the side of the step portion 131 close to the first chamber 111 can be set to be equal to the maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber 111 (as shown in Figure 10) or unequal (as shown in Figure 12). It can be flexibly set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0102] Optionally, as shown in Figure 10, the direction from the first light-transmitting plate 201 to the second light-transmitting plate 202 is defined as the first direction X, and the maximum size of the second cavity 112 is L2 perpendicular to the first direction X; along the first direction X, the height of the second cavity 112 is H2, satisfying: H2 / L2≥0.25.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the value range of the ratio H2 / L2 of the height H2 of the second chamber 112 to the maximum size L2 of the second chamber 112, when changing the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, the interference of the space size of the second chamber 112 on the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 is reduced, thereby ensuring the performance of the optical element 100.

[0104] It is understandable that, as shown in Figure 7, when the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 is recessed toward the second chamber 112, if the height H2 of the second chamber 112 is too small, the recessed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 will contact the second light-transmitting plate 202, affecting the stability of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120.

[0105] Exemplarily, the ratio H2 / L2 between the height H2 of the second chamber 112 and the maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber 112 can be set to any value such as 0.25, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10, or a range between any two values.

[0106] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber 112, along a direction perpendicular to the first direction X, satisfies the following: 10 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 500 mm. By setting a value range for the maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber 112, sufficient space for light to pass through the second chamber 112 is ensured while preventing the second chamber 112 from being too large and thus affecting the formation of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120.

[0107] Exemplarily, the maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber 112 can be set to any value such as 10 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, 450 mm, 500 mm, or a range between any two values.

[0108] It should be noted that the maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber 111 and the maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber 112 refer to the straight-line distance between two relative end points on the inner wall of the first chamber 111 or the inner wall of the second chamber 112 along the first direction X. Multiple values ​​can be measured using a measuring tool such as a caliper, and the maximum value is taken as the final measurement value.

[0109] For example, the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112 are both cylindrical, and the maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber 111 refers to the diameter of the cylinder corresponding to the first chamber 111 , and the maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber 112 refers to the diameter of the cylinder corresponding to the second chamber 112 .

[0110] It can be understood that the dimension D2 of the side of the step portion 131 close to the second chamber 112 can be set to be equal to the maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber 112 (as shown in Figure 10) or unequal (as shown in Figure 12). It can be flexibly set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0111] Example 1

[0112] The liquid medium 121 is pure water, with a refractive index of 1.33 and an Abbe number of 55.8; the optical glass is K9 glass, with a refractive index of 1.52 and an Abbe number of 64.2. The diameter of the optical channel is 50 mm, and the heights of the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112 are both 30 mm. By injecting or withdrawing pure water into the second chamber 112 to change the radius of curvature of the gas-liquid interface 120, a zoom effect can be achieved.

[0113] As shown in FIG6 , by injecting pure water into the second chamber 112, the optical element 100 forms a positive lens, achieving a focusing effect, and the focal length can be varied between [75.7 mm, +∞). Conversely, as shown in FIG7 , by extracting pure water from the second chamber 112, the optical element 100 forms a negative lens, achieving an astigmatism effect, and the focal length of the optical element 100 can be varied between [-75.7 mm, -∞).

[0114] Example 2

[0115] The difference from Example 1 is that the diameter of the optical channel is 100 mm, the height of the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112 are both 55 mm, and by injecting or extracting pure water into the second chamber 112 to change the curvature radius of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, the focal length of the optical element 100 can be changed between [151.3 mm, +∞) and [-151.3 mm, -∞).

[0116] Example 3

[0117] The difference from Example 1 is that the liquid medium 121 is silicone oil with a refractive index of 1.65 and an Abbe number of 62.8; the inner wall of the second chamber 112 is made of alkyl ethylene polymer fiber, a lipophilic material, and by injecting or extracting pure silicone oil into or out of the second chamber 112 to change the radius of curvature of the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, the focal length of the optical element 100 can be changed between [38.5 mm, +∞) and (-38.5 mm, -∞).

[0118] Optionally, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, an embodiment of the present application further provides a lens, comprising a gaseous medium, a liquid medium, and the optical element 100 in any of the above embodiments; the gaseous medium is filled in the first chamber 111, and the liquid medium is filled in the second chamber 112 to form the gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present application, an optical channel is provided within a base 100a, and a first light-transmitting plate 201 and a second light-transmitting plate 202 are provided at both ends of the optical channel. The first light-transmitting plate 201, the second light-transmitting plate 202, and the base 100a can enclose a receiving chamber 110. During use, a gaseous medium is filled into a first chamber 111 near the first light-transmitting plate 201, and a liquid medium 121 is filled into a second chamber 112 near the second light-transmitting plate 202, so that a gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 can be formed between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112. Furthermore, a flow guide 210 is provided to communicate with the second chamber 112, and the flow guide 210 is used to inject or extract the liquid medium 121 into or from the second chamber 112 to adjust the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, thereby changing the light transmission path within the optical channel and achieving a precise optical zoom effect. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0120] The specific selection of the gaseous medium and the liquid medium can be found in the above content, and will not be repeated in the embodiments of the present application.

[0121] Optionally, as shown in Figure 13, an embodiment of the present application also provides an optical system, including: a liquid storage device 310, an injection pump 320, and the optical element 100 in any of the above embodiments, or a lens as in the above embodiments; the end of the guide tube 210 away from the base 100a is connected to the liquid storage device 310, and the injection pump 320 is connected to the guide tube 210.

[0122] In the embodiment of the present application, an optical channel is provided within the base 100a, and a first light-transmitting plate 201 and a second light-transmitting plate 202 are provided at both ends of the optical channel. The first light-transmitting plate 201, the second light-transmitting plate 202, and the base 100a can enclose a receiving chamber 110. During use, a gaseous medium is filled into the first chamber 111 near the first light-transmitting plate 201, and a liquid medium 121 is filled into the second chamber 112 near the second light-transmitting plate 202, so that a gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 can be formed between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112. Furthermore, the liquid medium 121 is injected or extracted into the second chamber 112 via the injection pump 320 and the flow guide tube 210 to adjust the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, thereby changing the light transmission path within the optical channel and achieving a stable optical zoom effect. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0123] Specifically, the liquid storage device 310 is used to store the liquid medium 121. The liquid storage device 310 is connected to the second chamber 112 through the guide tube 210. An injection pump 320 is arranged in the guide tube 210. The injection pump 320 can be used to pump the liquid medium 121 in the liquid storage device 310 into the second chamber 112, or partially draw the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112 back into the liquid storage device 310.

[0124] Among them, the specific structure and type of the liquid storage device 310 and the liquid injection pump 320 can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0125] Optionally, as shown in Figure 13, the optical system also includes: a monitoring tube 330 and a pressure measuring piece 340, one end of the monitoring tube 330 is connected to the second chamber 112, and the other end of the monitoring tube 330 is connected to the pressure measuring piece 340, and the pressure measuring piece 340 is used to detect the pressure of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112.

[0126] In an embodiment of the present application, the pressure measuring piece 340 is connected to the second chamber 112 through the monitoring tube 330, and the pressure measuring piece 340 can be used to detect the pressure of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112, so as to accurately control the filling amount of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112, thereby achieving the purpose of precise zoom.

[0127] In some embodiments, a stop valve 350 can also be provided in the guide tube 210. The stop valve 350 is provided between the second chamber 112 and the injection pump 320 to control the flow of the liquid medium 121 in the guide tube 210 and improve the precise control of the filling amount of the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112.

[0128] In addition, the optical system further includes a light source, which can be used to emit light into the optical channel of the base 100a to achieve the purpose of optical zoom.

[0129] In some embodiments, the optical system of the present application is used as follows: When the optical element 100 is in use, the liquid medium 121 is injected into the second chamber 112 via the injection pump 320 to form the optical element 100 into a flat lens. Then, the liquid medium 121 is injected into the second chamber 112 using the injection pump 320 to form the optical element 100 into a positive lens (as shown in FIG6 ); or, the liquid medium 121 in the second chamber 112 is extracted using the injection pump 320 to form the optical element 100 into a negative lens (as shown in FIG7 ). The pressure change in the second chamber 112 is then monitored by the pressure measuring piece 340, and the focal length value of the corresponding optical element 100 is obtained, and the pressure-focal length relationship curve is analyzed and fitted. Then, by adjusting the pressure value, the focal length can be precisely adjusted.

[0130] Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising the optical system in the above embodiment.

[0131] In the embodiment of the present application, an optical channel is provided within the base 100a, and a first light-transmitting plate 201 and a second light-transmitting plate 202 are provided at both ends of the optical channel. The first light-transmitting plate 201, the second light-transmitting plate 202, and the base 100a can enclose a receiving chamber 110. During use, a gaseous medium is filled into the first chamber 111 near the first light-transmitting plate 201, and a liquid medium 121 is filled into the second chamber 112 near the second light-transmitting plate 202, so that a gas-liquid two-phase interface 120 can be formed between the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112. Furthermore, the liquid medium 121 is injected or extracted into the second chamber 112 via the injection pump 320 and the flow guide tube 210 to adjust the curvature of the formed gas-liquid two-phase interface 120, thereby changing the light transmission path within the optical channel and achieving a stable optical zoom effect. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0132] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0133] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and intent of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical element (100), characterized in that: include: A base (100a), a first light-transmitting plate (201), a second light-transmitting plate (202) and a flow guide tube (210); An optical channel is provided in the base (100a); a first light-transmitting plate (201) and a second light-transmitting plate (202) are respectively sealed at two ends of the optical channel to form a receiving cavity (110); the receiving cavity (110) comprises a first chamber (111) close to the first light-transmitting plate (201) and a second chamber (112) close to the second light-transmitting plate (202); The first chamber (111) is suitable for filling a gaseous medium, and the second chamber (112) is suitable for filling a liquid medium (121); the flow guide tube (210) is connected to the second chamber (112) and is used to inject or extract the liquid medium (121) into the second chamber (112) to adjust the curvature of the gas-liquid two-phase interface (120) formed by the gaseous medium and the liquid medium (121).

2. The optical element (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber (112) and the liquid medium (121) is smaller than the contact angle between the inner wall of the first chamber (111) and the liquid medium (121).

3. The optical element (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber (112) and the liquid medium (121) is less than 90°, and the contact angle between the inner wall of the second chamber (112) and the liquid medium (121) is greater than 90°.

4. The optical element (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A flow limiting structure is provided between the inner wall of the first chamber (111) and the inner wall of the second chamber (112), and the flow limiting structure is used to limit the liquid medium (121) from flowing toward the first chamber (111).

5. The optical element (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that The flow-limiting structure comprises a step portion (131) arranged inside the base (100a), the step portion (131) being arranged between an inner wall of the first chamber (111) and an inner wall of the second chamber (112), and the step portion (131) being used to limit the liquid medium (121) from flowing toward the first chamber (111).

6. The optical element (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that The direction from the first light-transmitting plate (201) to the second light-transmitting plate (202) is defined as a first direction (X), Along a direction perpendicular to the first direction (X), the dimension of the side of the step portion (131) close to the first chamber (111) is D1, and the dimension of the side of the step portion (131) close to the second chamber (112) is D2, satisfying: D1>D2.

7. The optical element (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that The substrate (100a) comprises: a first substrate (101) and a second substrate (102); One end of the first base (101) is sleeved on the outside of one end of the second base (102) to form the step portion (131) between the first base (101) and the second base (102); The first light-transmitting plate (201) is connected to the other end of the first substrate (101), and the first light-transmitting plate (201) and the first substrate (101) are enclosed to form the first cavity (111); the second light-transmitting plate (202) is connected to the other end of the second substrate (102), and the second light-transmitting plate (202) and the second substrate (102) are enclosed to form the second cavity (112).

8. The optical element (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The flow-limiting structure comprises a modified material layer (132), wherein the modified material layer (132) is at least partially disposed on a side of an inner wall of the second chamber (112) close to the first chamber (111), and a contact angle between the modified material layer (132) and the liquid medium (121) is less than 90°.

9. The optical element (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The modified material layer (132) is made of a hydrophilic material, and the second chamber (112) is suitable for being filled with an aqueous solution; Alternatively, the modified material layer (132) is made of an oleophilic material, and the second chamber (112) is suitable for being filled with the liquid medium (121) which is an oil solution.

10. The optical element (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A direction from the first light-transmitting plate (201) to the second light-transmitting plate (202) is defined as a first direction (X); along a direction perpendicular to the first direction (X), the maximum size of the first chamber (111) is L1; along the first direction (X), the height of the first chamber (111) is H1, and the following condition is satisfied: H1 / L1≥0.25; And / or, along a direction perpendicular to the first direction (X), a maximum dimension L1 of the first chamber (111) satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 500 mm.

11. The optical element (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The direction from the first light-transmitting plate (201) to the second light-transmitting plate (202) is defined as a first direction (X); along a direction perpendicular to the first direction (X), the maximum size of the second chamber (112) is L2; ​​along the first direction (X), the height of the second chamber (112) is H2, satisfying: H2 / L2≥0.25; And / or, along a direction perpendicular to the first direction (X), a maximum dimension L2 of the second chamber (112) satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 500 mm.

12. A lens, characterized in that: include: A gaseous medium, a liquid medium (121), and an optical element (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; the gaseous medium is filled in the first chamber (111), and the liquid medium (121) is filled in the second chamber (112), so as to form the gas-liquid two-phase interface (120) between the first chamber (111) and the second chamber (112).

13. An optical system, characterized in that: include: A liquid storage device (310), an injection pump (320), and an optical element (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, or a lens as described in claim 12; the end of the flow guide tube (210) away from the substrate (100a) is connected to the liquid storage device (310), and the injection pump (320) is connected to the flow guide tube (210).

14. The optical system according to claim 13, characterized in that The optical system further comprises: a monitoring tube (330) and a pressure measuring piece (340); one end of the monitoring tube (330) is in communication with the second chamber (112); the other end of the monitoring tube (330) is connected to the pressure measuring piece (340); the pressure measuring piece (340) is used to detect the pressure of the liquid medium (121) in the second chamber (112).

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising an optical system as claimed in claim 13 or 14.

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