Battery box, battery pack and energy storage power station

Abstract

Provided are a battery box, a battery pack and an energy storage power station. The battery box comprises a box body, an explosion-proof film and a quenching box, wherein the box body is provided with a cavity for placing a battery cell, and at least one side of the box body is provided with an opening; the explosion-proof film is arranged on the box body and closes the opening; the quenching box is arranged on the box body, and is provided with a plurality of quenching channels and a cooling cavity; each quenching channel is provided with a first port and a second port, the first port and the second port being respectively located on two side faces of the quenching box, and the first port being opposite the opening; the area to volume ratio of each quenching channel is greater than 0.5; and the cooling cavity is configured to be connected to a cooling liquid circulation system, and wraps the quenching channels, such that a cooling liquid exchanges heat with the quenching channels.

Description

Battery boxes, battery packs and energy storage power stations

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on the Chinese patent application with application number 2023118398703 and application date December 28, 2023, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery box, a battery pack, and an energy storage power station. Background Art

[0004] Lithium battery energy storage is the main technical path for electrochemical energy storage at present. However, lithium batteries are very prone to thermal runaway after experiencing mechanical and thermal abuse. Thermal runaway refers to the phenomenon that the heat release pattern inside the battery deviates from the normal state, resulting in an abnormal increase in the temperature inside the battery. When a lithium battery experiences thermal runaway, its charge and discharge performance and lifespan are usually greatly reduced. Severe thermal runaway can even cause the battery to catch fire, leading to fire and explosion. Currently, in response to fires caused by thermal runaway of energy storage batteries, energy storage power stations mostly adopt active firefighting measures, that is, using sensors to detect the location of the thermal runaway fire, and then using different forms of fire extinguishing media such as water mist and air foam to extinguish and cool the thermal runaway battery pack, thereby minimizing the scope of the thermal runaway of the single battery pack.

[0005] However, when the battery pack is not broken or the valve is not sprayed, the internal combustion of the battery can be regarded as constant volume combustion. According to the principles of combustion, the maximum explosion pressure generated by constant volume combustion is much higher than constant pressure combustion and mixed cycle combustion, which makes the final explosion more destructive; when non-insulating materials such as water mist are used, the battery pack is prone to short circuit, resulting in further damage, which makes the recovery and reuse of out-of-control battery packs less efficient. In addition, jet firefighting requires the power station to build an additional fire-fighting bunker and store sufficient fire-fighting media, which increases the construction and maintenance costs of the energy storage power station; general water mist or foam firefighting means can usually extinguish open flames caused by thermal runaway by absorbing a large amount of heat, but the effect of preventing re-ignition is very limited. When the battery re-ignites, the flame generated by the single battery pack will continue to heat the adjacent battery packs, causing the spread of thermal runaway behavior. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery pack that can prevent flames from spreading outward when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, prevent the battery pack from thermally spreading, has strong thermal runaway flame shielding capabilities, avoids battery pack explosions that could cause greater damage, and has good re-ignition prevention effects.

[0007] The battery box of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a box body, an explosion-proof membrane and a quenching box, the box body has a chamber for placing single batteries, and at least one side of the box body is provided with an opening; the explosion-proof membrane is provided on the box body and closes the opening; the quenching box is provided on the box body, and the quenching box is provided with a plurality of quenching channels and a cooling cavity, and the plurality of quenching channels correspond one-to-one to the plurality of openings, and the quenching channel has a first port and a second port, and the first port and the second port are respectively located on two sides of the quenching box, and the first port is opposite to the opening, and the area ratio of the quenching channel is greater than 0.5, and the cooling cavity is used to connect to a coolant circulation system, and the cooling cavity wraps the quenching channel so that the coolant and the quenching channel can perform heat exchange.

[0008] The battery box of the embodiment of the present disclosure can prevent the flame from spreading outward when the battery pack suffers thermal runaway, prevent the battery pack from thermally spreading, has strong thermal runaway flame shielding capability, avoids the battery pack from exploding and causing greater damage, and has good anti-reignition effect.

[0009] In some embodiments, the quenching channel is a straight channel.

[0010] In some embodiments, a plurality of the quenching channels are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals.

[0011] In some embodiments, the quenching box is provided with a liquid inlet interface and a liquid outlet interface, and the liquid inlet interface and the liquid outlet interface are respectively located on two opposite sides of the quenching box, and the direction of each of the liquid inlet interface and the liquid outlet interface is parallel to the length direction of the quenching channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, openings are formed on all four sides of the box body, and the four sides with the openings are adjacent to each other.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery box further includes a first flame retardant net, which is arranged between the explosion-proof membrane and the first port.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery box further includes a second flame retardant net, which is provided on the quenching box, and the second flame retardant net corresponds to the second port.

[0015] In some embodiments, each of the first flame retardant mesh and the second flame retardant mesh is a metal wire mesh, and / or the outer contour of the cross section of the quenching channel perpendicular to its extension direction is a rectangle. The pore diameter of each of the first flame retardant mesh and the second flame retardant mesh is d, and the width of the quenching channel is w, d≤1 / 3w.

[0016] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a battery pack.

[0017] The battery pack of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of single cells and a battery box as described above, and the plurality of single cells are arranged in a cavity of the box.

[0018] The battery pack of the disclosed embodiment can prevent flames from spreading outward, prevent heat spread, has strong thermal runaway flame shielding capabilities, avoids battery pack explosions that could cause greater damage, and has good anti-reignition effects.

[0019] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an energy storage power station.

[0020] The energy storage power station of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a coolant circulation system and a battery pack cluster, wherein the battery pack cluster includes a plurality of the battery packs, and the cooling cavities of the plurality of the battery packs are connected in series to form a cooling branch, and the cooling branches of the plurality of the battery pack clusters are connected to the coolant circulation system.

[0021] The energy storage power station of the disclosed embodiment can prevent the flame from spreading outward and heat spread in a battery pack that has thermal runaway. It has a strong thermal runaway flame shielding capability, which can prevent the battery pack from exploding and causing greater damage. It has a good anti-reignition effect and is low in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG3 is a schematic top view of the battery box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a quenching box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of flame emission during thermal runaway of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Reference numerals: Energy storage power station 10000; Battery pack 1000; Battery box 100; Box body 1, explosion-proof membrane 2, Quenching box 3, Quenching channel 31, first port 311, second port 312, Cooling chamber 32, Liquid inlet port 33, Liquid outlet port 34, First flame retardant net 4, Second flame retardant net 5; Single battery 200; Circulation pump 300. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, but should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure.

[0030] 1 to 6 , a battery box 100 , a battery pack 1000 , and an energy storage power station 10000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

[0031] The energy storage power station 10000 of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a coolant circulation system and multiple battery pack clusters, and the battery pack cluster includes multiple battery packs 1000.

[0032] The battery pack 1000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of unit batteries 200 and a battery box 100 .

[0033] The battery box 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a box body 1, an explosion-proof membrane 2 and a quenching box 3. The box body 1 has a chamber, and a plurality of single cells 200 are arranged in the chamber of the box body 1. At least one side of the box body 1 is provided with an opening, the explosion-proof membrane 2 is provided on the box body 1 and closes the opening, the quenching box 3 is provided on the box body 1, there are multiple quenching channels 31, and the multiple quenching channels 31 correspond one to one to the multiple openings. The quenching box 3 is provided with a quenching channel 31 and a cooling chamber 32. The quenching channel 31 has a first port 311 and a second port 312. The first port 311 and the second port 312 are respectively located on two sides of the quenching box 3. The first port 311 is opposite to the opening. The area ratio of the quenching channel 31 is greater than 0.5, and the cooling chamber 32 wraps the quenching channel 31. It should be noted that the quenching box 3 is a physical entity, and its cooling chamber 32 and the quenching channel 31 are not connected. The space of the cooling chamber 32 is isolated from the space of the quenching channel 31.

[0034] The cooling cavities 32 of multiple battery packs 1000 are connected in series to form a cooling branch, and the cooling branches of multiple battery pack clusters are connected to the coolant circulation system.

[0035] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , the coolant circulation system includes a circulating pump 300. The cooling cavities 32 of the multiple battery packs 1000 in each battery pack cluster are connected in series via pipes to form a cooling branch. Each cooling branch of the multiple battery pack clusters is connected in series with the circulating pump 300, creating a parallel connection between the cooling branches of the multiple battery pack clusters. When the circulating pump 300 is turned on, the coolant circulates within the multiple cooling cavities 32.

[0036] When the battery box 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure is in use, there is coolant in the cooling cavity 32. When the battery pack 1000 is working normally, the circulating pump 300 is in a closed state, and the coolant in each cooling cavity 32 is in a static state without circulating flow. The explosion-proof membrane 2 ensures the sealing of the cavity of the box body 1 to prevent external environmental factors from interfering with the normal working state of the single battery 200.

[0037] When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 1000, the single cells 200 catch fire, and the coolant circulation system is immediately activated. The circulation pump 300 is turned on to circulate the coolant. The coolant in the cooling chamber 32 surrounds the quenching channel 31, thereby exchanging heat with the quenching channel 31, and the coolant cools the quenching channel 31. As the single cells 200 catch fire, the temperature and pressure in the housing 1 gradually increase. When the pressure reaches a threshold, the explosion-proof membrane 2 ruptures. The chamber in the housing 1 then communicates with the external space through the quenching channel 31. The flame side in the housing 1 and the external atmosphere tend to establish pressure equilibrium, that is, the flame side tends to radiate outward. The flame then passes through the ruptured explosion-proof membrane 2, the first port 311, and flows along the quenching channel 31 to the second port 312 (i.e., the external space).

[0038] The success or failure of flame propagation and the length of its propagation distance are highly affected by heat dissipation. According to combustion theory, when heat dissipation is severe, it is difficult for the flame to maintain the energy supply required to open the chemical reaction channel and destroy the molecular bond energy. The chemical reaction kinetics will gradually slow down, eventually leading to extinction. When the flame propagates within the quenching channel 31, because the quenching channel 31 has a surface area ratio (i.e., the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the quenching channel 31) greater than 0.5 and the quenching channel 31 is relatively narrow and long, the flame loses significant heat outward, making it easy for the flame to be quenched within the quenching channel 31. In addition, the coolant continuously cools the quenching channel 31 through heat exchange, further absorbing the heat of the flame, increasing the heat dissipation of the flame, and causing the flame to be extinguished when flowing through the quenching channel 31. This prevents the flame from spreading outside the battery box 100, preventing the adjacent battery pack 1000 from catching fire, and preventing the heat spread of the battery pack 1000, thus avoiding fire.

[0039] Moreover, for the battery pack 1000 that has thermal runaway, due to the rupture of the explosion-proof membrane 2, the flame generated by the combustion carries heat and combustible gas and radiates outward through the quenching channel 31, so that the combustion of the single battery 200 is transformed from constant volume combustion to constant pressure combustion, thereby reducing the maximum explosion pressure generated by the combustion, avoiding the explosion of the battery pack 1000, and reducing the harm caused by the thermal runaway of the battery pack 1000. At the same time, the outward dispersion of combustible gas also reduces the total amount of combustible gas in the battery pack 1000, so it is difficult for it to reignite.

[0040] Therefore, when the battery pack 1000 experiences thermal runaway, the battery box 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure can prevent the flame from spreading outward and prevent the battery pack 1000 from thermally spreading. It has a strong thermal runaway flame shielding capability, which can prevent the battery pack 1000 from exploding and causing greater damage, and has a good anti-reignition effect.

[0041] In addition, compared with the method of using fire extinguishing media such as water mist to extinguish thermal runaway battery packs in related technologies, the battery box 100 or energy storage power station 10000 of the embodiment of the present disclosure no longer needs to set up a fire extinguishing system for the battery pack 1000, which simplifies the structure of the battery box 100 and the energy storage power station 10000. Moreover, the box body 1 and the quenching box 3 of the battery box 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure have simple structures, can be modularized and mass-produced, and have good interchangeability, which makes the manufacture, assembly and maintenance of the battery box 100 relatively simple. At the same time, the quenching box 3 is made of high-temperature resistant material to avoid the flame from causing substantial damage (such as rupture, deformation) to the quenching channel 31 and the quenching box 3 when propagating in the quenching channel 31. The reuse rate is high, which is conducive to reducing the cost of the energy storage power station 10000.

[0042] In some embodiments, the quenching channel 31 is a straight channel, which simplifies the flow path of the flame and airflow, reduces the resistance of the flame and airflow to the outward dispersion, thereby accelerating the process of establishing pressure balance between the flame side inside the box 1 and the external atmosphere side, accelerating the dissipation of the flame and high-temperature airflow inside the box 1, and accelerating the process of converting the combustion of the single cell 200 from constant volume combustion to constant pressure combustion, thereby helping to further reduce the hazards caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack 1000.

[0043] In some embodiments, openings are provided on all four sides of the housing 1, with each of the four sides having openings adjacent to each other. The four openings of the housing 1 further accelerate the dissipation of the flame and high-temperature airflow within the housing 1, further accelerating the transition of the combustion of the single cells 200 from constant-volume combustion to constant-pressure combustion, thereby further reducing the hazards caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack 1000.

[0044] 2 to 4 , the box body 1 is a cubic structure, and the four openings are respectively located at the front, left, rear and right sides of the box body 1 .

[0045] In some embodiments, the quench box 3 has multiple quenching channels 31, which are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals. The relatively uniform distribution of the multiple quenching channels 31 at equal intervals helps shorten the distance between the single cells 200 and adjacent quenching channels 31. This helps manage the dissipation of flames when single cells 200 are burning at different locations within the box 1, further accelerating the dissipation of flames and high-temperature airflow within the box 1, and further accelerating the process of converting the combustion of the single cells 200 from constant-volume combustion to constant-pressure combustion, thereby further reducing the hazards caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack 1000.

[0046] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the cross section of the quenching channel 31 perpendicular to the extension direction thereof is one of rectangular, circular, and polygonal.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer contour of the cross section of the quenching channel 31 perpendicular to its extension direction is rectangular. The rectangular quenching channel 31 is easy to process and manufacture, which helps to reduce the cost of the battery box 100.

[0048] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 4 and 5 , the quenching box 3 is provided with a liquid inlet port 33 and a liquid outlet port 34. The liquid inlet port 33 and the liquid outlet port 34 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the quenching box 3. The orientation of each of the liquid inlet port 33 and the liquid outlet port 34 is parallel to the length direction of the quenching channel 31. It should be noted that the length direction of the quenching channel 31 is different from its extension direction.

[0049] Specifically, the liquid inlet interface 33 is located at the lower end of the quenching box 3 , and the liquid outlet interface 34 is located at the upper end of the quenching box 3 .

[0050] Referring to FIG5 , the cross-section of the quench channel 31 perpendicular to its extension has a rectangular outer contour. The longitudinal direction of the rectangular quench channel 31 is parallel to the vertical direction, and the liquid inlet port 33 and the liquid outlet port 34 are oriented in the same vertical direction. The coolant flow direction is parallel to the large surfaces of the quench channel 31 (i.e., the surfaces along the longitudinal and extension directions of the quench channel 31, i.e., the front and rear sides in FIG5 ). The quench channel 31 has low resistance to the flow of the coolant, facilitating the flow of the coolant during circulation. Furthermore, the coolant flowing through the large surfaces of the quench channel 31 facilitates convective heat transfer between the coolant and the quench channel 31, thereby enhancing the cooling effect of the coolant on the quench channel 31 and the heat dissipation of the flame and high-temperature airflow within the quench channel 31.

[0051] In some embodiments, the coolant uses a coolant with a high specific heat capacity, which can further enhance the cooling effect of the coolant on the quenching channel 31 and further ensure that the flame in the quenching channel 31 is extinguished.

[0052] As shown in FIG. 2 , the battery box 100 further includes a first flame retardant net 4 and a second flame retardant net 5 .

[0053] The first flame-retardant mesh 4 is disposed between the explosion-proof membrane 2 and the first port 311. The first flame-retardant mesh 4 has pores that ensure connectivity between the flame side and the external space after the explosion-proof membrane 2 ruptures, while also providing a certain barrier capability to prevent large, high-temperature particulate matter generated by the combustion of the single cells 200 from passing through the quenching channel 31 and ejecting into the external space. This limits the eruption of high-temperature particulate matter and prevents it from mixing with the combustible mixture outside the battery pack 1000 and causing secondary ignition, thereby avoiding secondary damage to the external space. Furthermore, the first flame-retardant mesh 4 facilitates flame extinguishing, prevents heat spread from the battery pack 1000, and further enhances the thermal runaway flame shielding capability of the battery box 100.

[0054] Specifically, the first flame retardant net 4 is tightly attached to the quenching box 3 by welding or bolting. The first flame retardant net 4 is located between the explosion-proof membrane 2 and the first port 311 of the quenching channel 31 through the connection between the quenching box 3 and the box body 1 .

[0055] The second flame retardant net 5 is provided on the quenching box 3, and the second flame retardant net 5 corresponds to the second port 312. The second flame retardant net 5 is tightly attached to the quenching box 3 by welding or bolting.

[0056] The second flame retardant net 5 can further prevent the large and high-temperature particles generated by the combustion of the single battery 200 from passing through the quenching channel 31 and spraying into the external space, thereby limiting the eruption of high-temperature particles and avoiding secondary damage to the external space. At the same time, it is also beneficial to extinguish the flame, prevent the battery pack 1000 from spreading heat, and further enhance the thermal runaway flame shielding capability of the battery box 100.

[0057] Each of the first flame retardant mesh 4 and the second flame retardant mesh 5 is a metal wire mesh, for example, a tungsten wire mesh or a nickel wire mesh.

[0058] The pore diameter of each of the first and second flame-retardant meshes 4 and 5 is d, and the width of the quenching channel 31 is w, where d ≤ 1 / 3w. This ensures connectivity between the flame side and the outside space after the explosion-proof membrane 2 ruptures, while also providing good barrier capabilities, further limiting the eruption of high-temperature particulate matter and preventing secondary damage to the outside space. It also prevents high-temperature particulate matter from clogging the quenching channel 31, preventing heat spread within the battery pack 1000 and further enhancing the thermal runaway flame shielding capability of the battery box 100.

[0059] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0060] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0061] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication between them; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0062] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0063] In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery box (100), comprising: A box body (1), the box body (1) having a chamber for placing single cells (200), at least one side of the box body (1) being provided with an opening; An explosion-proof film (2), the explosion-proof film (2) being provided on the box body (1) and closing the opening; and A quenching box (3), the quenching box (3) being provided on the box body (1), the quenching box (3) being provided with a plurality of quenching channels (31) and a cooling chamber (32), the plurality of quenching channels (31) corresponding one by one to the plurality of openings, the quenching channel (31) having a first port (311) and a second port (312), the first port (311) and the second port (312) being respectively located on two sides of the quenching box (3), the first port (311) being opposite to the opening, the surface area ratio of the quenching channel (31) being greater than 0.5, the cooling chamber (32) being used for connecting a coolant circulation system, the cooling chamber (32) wrapping the quenching channel (31) so that the coolant exchanges heat with the quenching channel (31).

2. The battery box (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The quenching channel (31) is a straight channel.

3. The battery box (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plurality of quenching channels (31) are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.

4. The battery box (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The quenching box (3) is provided with a liquid inlet interface (33) and a liquid outlet interface (34), the liquid inlet interface (33) and the liquid outlet interface (34) being respectively located on two opposite sides of the quenching box (3), the orientation of each of the liquid inlet interface (33) and the liquid outlet interface (34) being parallel to the length direction of the quenching channel (31).

5. The battery box (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Openings are provided on all four sides of the box body (1), and the four sides provided with the openings are adjacent to each other in pairs.

6. The battery box (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a first flame-retardant net (4), the first flame-retardant net (4) being provided between the explosion-proof film (2) and the first port (311).

7. The battery box (100) according to claim 6, further comprising a second flame-retardant net (5), the second flame-retardant net (5) being provided on the quenching box (3), the second flame-retardant net (5) corresponding to the second port (312).

8. The battery box (100) according to claim 7, wherein, Each of the first flame-retardant net (4) and the second flame-retardant net (5) is a metal wire mesh, and / or, the outer contour of the cross-section of the quenching channel (31) in a direction perpendicular to its extending direction is rectangular. The pore diameter of each of the first flame-retardant net (4) and the second flame-retardant net (5) is d, and the width of the quenching channel (31) is w, d ≤ 1 / 3w.

9. A battery pack (1000), comprising a plurality of single cells (200) and the battery box (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the plurality of single cells (200) being provided in the chamber of the box body (1).

10. An energy storage power station (10000) includes a coolant circulation system and a plurality of battery pack clusters. The battery pack clusters include a plurality of battery packs (1000) as described in claim 9. The cooling cavities (32) of the plurality of battery packs are connected in series in sequence to form a cooling branch, and the cooling branches of the plurality of battery pack clusters are connected to the coolant circulation system.

Images